Queen Mary: A Hull Lot To Know

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  • Опубликовано: 17 ноя 2024

Комментарии • 118

  • @neilquarrell7551
    @neilquarrell7551 2 года назад +11

    I saw her leave Southampton UK for the last time 1967.
    Fantastic sight that I will never forget.

  • @bobdobalina2931
    @bobdobalina2931 2 года назад +42

    The Queen Mary is the best looking and best proportioned liner that has ever been built. She is gorgeous and still looks big and purposeful against her modern counterparts. As an Englishman I hate to admit this, but the Scots did an absolutely amazing job, true craftsmen all.

    • @carltrotter7622
      @carltrotter7622 2 года назад +11

      No need to hate admitting it. We Scots and you English are allies and partners. God save the new King Charles III, and greetings from Glasgow.

    • @travelinben1966
      @travelinben1966 2 года назад +3

      I couldn’t agree more.I stayed on her a couple of times,and left fascinated,in awe,and have studied and read about her ever since.

    • @CGC2_0
      @CGC2_0 Год назад

      That’s your opinion

    • @845_Mk6
      @845_Mk6 Год назад

      I sorta love the ship before this but after aquataina I frogot the name but damn is it a sexy ship also the qe looks just as nice as qm imo

    • @michellerogers2996
      @michellerogers2996 Год назад

      @@845_Mk6 the name is Berengaria

  • @SAOS451316
    @SAOS451316 2 года назад +19

    As I said on the old version of the video, I quite like the well deck on the Queen Mary. It breaks up the lines of the ship and looks elegant. The Queen Elizabeth is also a beautiful ship but with how much shear it needs to have it looks a bit like a giant floating banana.
    In fact I wonder if the well deck is a small part of why the ship was so popular and remains so. The QM served a long time and it's a mixture of 20th century styles rather than a unified vision. By the time a style is looking outdated another style has moved from outdated to retro, and a retro style has moved into the antique. Look at how popular vintage fashion is today; people like old things when they are out of the awkward stage. A ship built in the 90s looks outdated but a ship from the 70s is retro. The Queen Mary feels now (I imagine) like the home of one's grandparents and the old styles are endearing.

  • @neilholm1383
    @neilholm1383 Год назад +2

    An excellent film regarding this most maginificant ocean liner -The Queen Mary was a real greyhound of the North Atlantic with her immense proportions, great speed and perfectly balanced lines - outstanding!

  • @martinbeneteau309
    @martinbeneteau309 2 года назад +2

    She is indeed a beautiful ship. It is a must when visiting the area.

  • @chaseman113
    @chaseman113 Год назад +2

    Cool! I adore hearing the little subtle things about ships.

  • @annewolf170
    @annewolf170 2 года назад +4

    Thank you so much for the update. My family has always loved The Queen. We are originally from Scotland and several of my uncles and family members were riveters on the ship when she was built. My mum still remembered them making it a school/bank holiday when the Queen was completed and launched from Clydebank.
    In 2013 my siblings and I spent the night on The Queen when we celebrated our 50 year anniversary of our family coming to America. My sister and I were thrilled to spend the night in the Churchill Suite. We appreciate your work and will stay tuned for future updates. God save The Queen!

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +1

      Thank you! It's awesome to hear you have such a connection to the Queen Mary!

  • @patrickryan6065
    @patrickryan6065 Год назад +2

    Terrific video Alex. I look at the Queen Mary as a sledge hammer disguised by traditional ocean liners design😍
    The British knew exactly what they were doing, even though they would never admit it.
    Your line in the video is perfect. “Brute force”

  • @AviatorsTandR
    @AviatorsTandR 2 года назад +2

    This was an entirely new thing for my knowledge about ocean liners, and I knew a little about hulls, but this was a hull lot to know! Like how clippers sterns worked, and how bulbous bows reduced drag, and how cruise sterns worked. I may have to watch this over again to get it remembered fully. Great production!

  • @jonvicsison4895
    @jonvicsison4895 Год назад +1

    Thanks for explaining the benefits of various bow and stern designs! Most enlightening!

  • @jefftube58
    @jefftube58 Год назад +2

    Excellent job at narration !

  • @fionawimber1028
    @fionawimber1028 2 года назад +4

    Alex, your knowledge of QM is second to none!!

  • @marcusj2283
    @marcusj2283 2 года назад +2

    Great video Alex as always a fantastic video

  • @mikefly562
    @mikefly562 2 года назад +4

    Very fascinating video...really enjoyed learning how strong the hull is and all the design considerations.

  • @Deltathefancollector
    @Deltathefancollector 2 года назад +9

    I never knew the Queen Mary was this strong.

  • @ronaldmiller2740
    @ronaldmiller2740 2 года назад +3

    HI ALEX,, THANKS FOR THE ADDED INFO. YOU ARE A TRUE PERSON WHO CARES TO TEACH THE RUclips VIEWERS OF OUR GREAT QUEEN MARY.. CHEERS ,,AGAIN..

  • @nssrrailfan
    @nssrrailfan 2 года назад +13

    Amazing job! Always wanted to know more about her hull and the engineering. (You also would do great on narrating Disneyland Railroad)

  • @andrewmorton3177
    @andrewmorton3177 2 года назад +7

    I live just outside Glasgow & have driven past the old John Brown site many times. Although there isn’t much evidence left of the shipyard the Titan crane is still in place. Next year I’m taking my family for a summer holiday to Anaheim the main event of course will be Disneyland but I fully intend to go & visit the Queen Mary. Really enjoy your videos, keep up the good work.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +3

      Thank you Andrew! You and your family will really enjoy being aboard Queen Mary, the old gal still has that special magic.

  • @rd4554
    @rd4554 2 года назад +6

    Interestingly, the Conte di Savoia was not just one of the first liners to adopt a bulbous bow or a cruiser stern, but also one of, if not the very first super liner to adopt both. It's fuel efficiency however wasn't stellar (probably due to the extra weight of the Sperry stabilisers), but just like with the QE and the QM, it's said that the Conte could reach speeds capable of rivalling and even surpassing those of her much more powerful running mate Rex (which was also one of the first users of the bulbous bow, but had a classic clipper stern instead). It's not unlikely that the order for a possible Conte speed limit was set by the Italian king himself for prestige reasons, as Rex was the biggest and most famous of the two and was also named in honour of the king. But maybe it's just one of those sailor's tales of speculation, who knows.

  • @gaspowertoys
    @gaspowertoys 2 года назад +3

    Thank you for this great content Alex. My father was the band leader on the QM in the early 50s. He passed in the 1980s when I was young.
    He told me many stories of his time aboard, many forgotten, apart from how scary it was enduring the pitching and rolling in Atlantic storms. I only have a couple photos of him on deck, both with legendary singer Ella Fitzgerald.
    I have found very little while seeking information or additional photos of him or the band. Could you direct me to any possible avenues, sites, or references? Surely the band stage would have been a focal point for photographs taken, considering the famous nature of the entertainers the QM would have provided, especially to 1st class passengers. Thank you kindly. Richard S.

  • @ronaldmiller2740
    @ronaldmiller2740 2 года назад +2

    ALEX,, MY SON MAX AND I FOR GOT TO SAY ,, NEAR THE END OF THE VIDEO WE LOVE SEEING THE QUEEN MARY IN COLOR IN PORT IT LOOKS SO REAL LIKE WE ARE GOING TO GO ON BOARD IN THOSE DAYS ,, A TIME MACHINE WOULD BE GREAT!!!!!!

  • @RedLP5000S
    @RedLP5000S Год назад

    The RMS Queen Mary was and still is the most beautiful, luxurious and majestic ocean liner ever conceived. Long live the Queen. ✌🏻🇺🇸

  • @pagmonreal
    @pagmonreal 2 года назад +5

    thats a hull of a lot of info!

  • @chrisjeffries2322
    @chrisjeffries2322 2 года назад +3

    Thank you, Alex, I love the content.

  • @aaronreeves8376
    @aaronreeves8376 2 года назад +2

    That’s was fantastic !!

  • @jamiewilson3668
    @jamiewilson3668 2 года назад +2

    Well done! I learn a lot from your videos.

  • @airtiki2374
    @airtiki2374 2 года назад +4

    Nice job..I like the title. I would not have cared about getting to my destination in a hurry on board the QM

  • @pedenharley6266
    @pedenharley6266 2 года назад +1

    Wonderful video! Thank you very much!

  • @ExAnimoPortugal
    @ExAnimoPortugal 2 года назад +1

    Ocean Liner puns, the best way to start the day

  • @ronaldmiller673
    @ronaldmiller673 2 года назад +2

    Hi Alex ,, Again well said on this Video 📸. Great 👍 Information Giving.. Thanks .

  • @thematthewexpress5999
    @thematthewexpress5999 11 месяцев назад +1

    To be honest, I really like Queen Mary's well deck and cruiser stern. Although it may not be fuel efficient, it looks very nice, and helped the Mary win the Blue Riband.

  • @popking1
    @popking1 2 года назад +3

    You guys maybe not believe me but my great great grandfather was the footman of Queen Mary

  • @sidz0001
    @sidz0001 2 года назад +4

    Fantastic video!
    We can conclude from your video that Queen Mary was built to highest standards. I wonder what made it roll on rough seas , maybe because it's narrower than it's competitors? What makes most of the ocean liners roll and also did the Aquitania rolled too?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +1

      I have a video all about that, it's a really interesting one, very popular video!
      ruclips.net/video/peDTVUj7FdQ/видео.html

    • @sidz0001
      @sidz0001 2 года назад +2

      @@AlextheHistorian Brilliant video indeed. Could you also upload the same about Cunard and WSL's previous ships especially Aquitania?

  • @gc7820
    @gc7820 2 года назад +1

    Always amazed by the majestic beauty of the old QM and that despite her age she was always faster by design than her newer, larger running mate QE.

  • @jetsons101
    @jetsons101 2 года назад +5

    Alex, what space inside the hull was lost to the installation of the stabilizers? Any images of the "actuators" for the stabilizers? Again, your narration is spot-on.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +3

      They carved out a section of the side ballast tanks to create a cubical pocket for the stabilizers. (The tanks were already about 12 feet in depth in those areas). I dont have pictures of the hydraulic actuators, but from my understanding they were bolted to the tank tops of Queen Mary's #3 and #4 Boiler rooms.

    • @jetsons101
      @jetsons101 2 года назад +2

      @@AlextheHistorian Thanks for info....

  • @danielnero9218
    @danielnero9218 Год назад +1

    Thanks!

  • @keiranallcott1515
    @keiranallcott1515 2 года назад +1

    I also heard that that ship was at a certain length , so that when the bow wave met the stern wave ,they cancelled each other out ,thereby reducing drag

  • @King.of.Battleships
    @King.of.Battleships Год назад +1

    Alex, you are indeed correct. The Queen Mary was not designed to be fuel efficient as she was far from it.
    Here are some statistics about her fuel consumption.
    ● 1 Gallon for every 13 feet traveled.
    ● 1,100 to 1,500 tons per day.
    ● 73 gallons to travel her own length.
    ● 406 Gallons just to travel 1 mile.
    So Queen Mary was costing Cunard more in fuel than they could make a profit.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  Год назад

      You were all correct until that last statement. Cunard would NEVER design and launch a ship that they couldn't turn a profit on. Queen Mary was a highly profitable ship for about 27 of her 31 years at sea. It wasn't until 1964 that the two Cunard Queens saw such a drop in passenger numbers, that they began sailing at a loss.
      Otherwise they were highly profitable ships.

    • @King.of.Battleships
      @King.of.Battleships Год назад

      Even if they Servived into the 1970s, the Oil Crisis would have been the nail in the coffen.

  • @leonardorighini1762
    @leonardorighini1762 Год назад +1

    What to say? This video covers the tecnical aspects of queen mary wholly but via an objective point ov view ... i listened to many documentaries about queen mary and normandie and you perfectly described all if not somenthing more about all the idrodinamics excetera and id need to give you a big shout for all the tecnical research effort...in conclusion...queen mary for me was a formidable ship both exterior and interior wise...but on an aesthetic and practic side i still prefer ships like normandie or my favorite ocean liner of the 30's Conte di Savoia (she was not the biggest 248 mt and did not catch the ribband by a smudge )

  • @DXCommanderHQ
    @DXCommanderHQ 2 года назад +1

    My Chief Steward (private yacht) was the last Chief Steward on this lovely old girl. He was called John Ryan. An Irish chap. He always said that he should have ebeen born rich because he loved expensive wine, $1,000 cigars and more expensive women.

  • @OriginalCoalRollers
    @OriginalCoalRollers 8 месяцев назад +2

    She liked to roll, it’s what she did, quite literally no matter what happened she always righted herself, and like it or not her fondness of rolling is what saved her life when that 90foot rouge wave smashed into her, her rolling dampened the effects of the impact of that wave, if she stayed put at an even keel the damage would of be disastrous, ps the queen also has the nicest butt, love that cruiser stern, everyone’s got an opinion about her hull style, it’s funny how she’s the only one who survived, her hull was built just right for what she did, John brown & Co. knew exactly what they were doing and that’s it end of story

  • @jonathanmcnair2727
    @jonathanmcnair2727 2 года назад +2

    Thanks - what a great video. I do know that the Queen Mary's hull floats at Long Beach, but do you know what her draught is there? Wasn't the waterline painted moved because she sits higher now? Do you know how much of a 'gap' there is between the bottom of the keel and the lagoon? I've always wondered this. Thanks :)

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +1

      Well they've never moved her waterline, that one is just a myth. In Long Beach her daught is approximately 34 feet, which is 5 feet shallower. And there is about 12 feet of space between the bottom of the keel, and the bed of the lagoon, depending on the tide.

    • @King.of.Battleships
      @King.of.Battleships Год назад

      ​@AlextheHistorian Is the reason her drought is 5 feet less than originally is it because they removed all her boilers,Generators,water softening plant, and 2 of her engines?

  • @kimmityler5631
    @kimmityler5631 2 года назад +1

    Good video Alex. Love your Queen Mary series. Btw, I liked the joke in the title of the vid.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +1

      Thanks! I try to bring smiles to people's faces!

  • @King.of.Battleships
    @King.of.Battleships Год назад +2

    Some people say Queen Mary belongs as a museum in the UK not the US. But hear is a Question could she Servive the trip being towed across the Atlantic is she sea worthy enough?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  Год назад

      No, she's not. Her interior structure has been heavily altered, and not in a way designed to be seaworthy. Her alterations are designed to static building code. She could be floated across the harbor, but not across the ocean, not without significant risk.

    • @King.of.Battleships
      @King.of.Battleships Год назад

      @AlextheHistorian she probably couldn't handle the constant bending and flexing and just the movement of the ocean in general. The reason that Queen Mary is designated as a building is because Long Beach knew that to preserve as much of the ship as possible, they would have to designate her as a building which means altering her structure to a building code NOT seaworthy code.
      If they tried to tow her across the ocean, it could be disastrous. Also, even if Long Beach preserved her as she was when she steamed into the harbor, she probably wouldn't be seaworthy after 87 years anyway.

    • @artsygala
      @artsygala 11 месяцев назад

      She is also not seaworthy because a large piece of her hull was removed and a tank containing freshwater was built around the removed piece of hull to let people see her last remaining propeller in the ship's engine room exhibit.

    • @King.of.Battleships
      @King.of.Battleships 11 месяцев назад

      @@artsygala Also half of her C Deck was Removed from the stern to amidships.

  • @mike.4277
    @mike.4277 2 года назад +2

    Is this a repost? Great video!!!

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +4

      Yes I had to re-do the video because of numerous inaccuracies and a segment I accidentally left out.

    • @mike.4277
      @mike.4277 2 года назад +2

      @@AlextheHistorian okay cool 😎

  • @iceman7975
    @iceman7975 2 года назад +1

    This ship served the nation well along side the Queen Elizabeth they both did sterling work during WW2.

  • @wallacegrommet9343
    @wallacegrommet9343 2 года назад

    I had the supreme pleasure of living with a former officer of both the Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth for nine years. He passed away at age 96 in 2019, and is dearly missed by myself and his sons and daughter.

  • @ginog5037
    @ginog5037 2 года назад +1

    Great video Alex, what was the point of removing the stabilizers?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +4

      They sat in "pockets" or "cavities" in the hull, and this would have only permitted sea creatures to turn it into a home, making future maintenance and upkeep just a little more difficult. So they chose to remove the stabilizers and patch over those four parts of the hull to create a smooth, watertight surface.

  • @andrewpearce2562
    @andrewpearce2562 Год назад

    A double hull was nothing new though, as this was retrofitted on Titanic's sister ships after her sinking. Thanks for the interesting content!

  • @kristajakubik7040
    @kristajakubik7040 9 месяцев назад +2

    Hi

  • @robertsaltzman2481
    @robertsaltzman2481 Год назад +1

    Alex there are 2 types of countries...
    Those whom use the metric system and those whom went to the moon

  • @stafonvoncamron
    @stafonvoncamron Год назад +1

    I think I like the clipper stern and bowl shape edge better on the Titanic. It's just a nicer looking design.

  • @warlord195711
    @warlord195711 Год назад

    Design work on the Queen Mary began in the 1920s, and it was a conservative design because Cunard couldn't risk failure; if the ship couldn't maintain a two-week round trip schedule from Southampton to New York and back, it would have been a financial disaster.
    The Normandie got a better hull form thanks to a stroke of luck - a Russian naval architect who had escaped the communists, Yourkevitch, persuaded the builders to try out a model of the hull he designed. The model tests showed that it had less drag than the traditional designs.

  • @raphaelaleixo6286
    @raphaelaleixo6286 Год назад +1

    Hi Alex sou do Brasil e não falo inglês mas tenho muito interesse pela história do queen Mary desde que ele esta aposentado ele vai regularmente para a doca seca fazer manutenção no casco?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  Год назад +1

      Olá Raphael, o Queen Mary não está em doca seca desde que foi convertido em hotel em 1970. Ele foi negligenciado por quase todos os operadores de hotéis desde que a Disney assumiu o controle pela última vez em 1989-1992. Ela precisa ser docada a seco a cada 25 anos. A boa notícia é que ela tem um Sistema de Ânodo Catódico Sacrificial funcional que evitou muita corrosão. Seu casco ainda está em boas condições. E agora que a cidade tem o controle do navio novamente, eles estão pensando em construir uma doca seca próxima com a intenção de que o primeiro projeto seja o Queen Mary.

    • @raphaelaleixo6286
      @raphaelaleixo6286 Год назад +2

      @@AlextheHistorian obrigado pela explicação😀

  • @aj-2savage896
    @aj-2savage896 2 года назад

    Searching online for that awesome piece of artwork 15 seconds in, but it's not coming up. Can you identify it?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад

      The rogue wave? That's a photoshopped image I created for my videos.

  • @corrioliseffect
    @corrioliseffect Год назад

    Someone please tell me the name of the artist who created the Titanic images at 6:25 and 6:32. Those are stunning.

  • @sstasmania486
    @sstasmania486 2 года назад +2

    Hey Alex I’m new to your channel and I see that u love rms queen Mary

  • @AJ-sp7pc
    @AJ-sp7pc 2 года назад +1

    Does anyone the latest work done on the ship or an estimated time of reopening?

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад

      Since February the ship has had 2 watertight bulkheads rebuilt, she is getting a new emergency power generator, she is having 11 new bilge pumps and water intrusion alarms installed. She's been receiving paint touchups, light fixtures repairs, some of her interior spaces are getting attention to original wood paneling and some minor artwork cleaning and/or restoration, and deep cleaning and maintenance is being done to the stateroom cabins. The city has only said the ship will reopen "Fall 2022".

  • @clydecessna737
    @clydecessna737 2 года назад +1

    I have read that the stern generated great vibration at speed and after a few voyages was stiffened in the shipyard. but was never satisfactory.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +2

      Her stern vibrated because of cavitation on the propellers. They resolved the vibration issues in 1938 when she recieved more hydrodynamic propellers. If they hadn't done that, she would have never been able to capture the Blue Riband from Normandie for the final time.

  • @randallbevansr5200
    @randallbevansr5200 2 года назад

    There are 2 kinds of countrys, those who use the metric system,and those who have landed men on the Moon

  • @jamesholton2630
    @jamesholton2630 9 месяцев назад

    Shame that this famous liner didn’t appear in Disneys amphibia

  • @goatlady7761
    @goatlady7761 2 года назад

    The Queen Elizabeth looks unfinished with only two smoke stacks.

  • @jeffreyhutton8283
    @jeffreyhutton8283 Год назад +1

    The Queen Mary had more propulsion Hp 245 thousand to each propellor and RMS Queen Elizabeth had less propulsion hp 220 plus she had 8 less boilers supposedly to save on fuel but was only 28 knots top speed where the Mary had 35 knots top speed.
    Queen Elizabeth was not as popular at the Queen Mary.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  Год назад

      Please don't take this the wrong way, but just to provide a bit of correction, all your information is inaccurate.
      SS United States was the most powerful ocean liner ever built and she had a combined output of 240,000 shaft horsepower. So if Queen Mary had 245 thousand per propeller....that would make her the most powerful ship that ever existed, and that's just not the case. Queen Mary had a maximum combined (all four propellers together) output of 212,000 shaft horsepower.
      RMS Queen Elizabeth had engines that were capable of the same horsepower, but she had only 12 boilers (half of Queen Mary's) not 8 fewer.
      Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth were both designed for a service speed of 28 knots. That's the speed at which the liners maintained across the ocean. But maximum speeds were different. Queen Mary's maximum official recorded speed was 32.84 knots, while Queen Elizabeth achieved 32.50 knots. Still slower than Queen Mary but not so dramatically slower.
      Queen Mary was the more popular liner at first, but towards the mid 1950's and 1960's Queen Elizabeth was actually the more popular to book voyages on, than the Mary, because Queen Elizabeth had slightly newer interiors and the outside of the ship looked sleeker. Queen Mary appeared very old fashioned. But if you wanna say Queen Mary was more famous, then that would be correct, Queen Mary is currently more famous than Queen Elizabeth.

  • @Ericland_Entertainment_Inc
    @Ericland_Entertainment_Inc 2 года назад

    Well now, that's a hull lot of stuff to take in. Lots of history, and I'm all hear for it. However, I don't like how your BARGE on my digital door to show me. Why don't you send me a polite Morse code message instead? LOL

  • @Gryphonisle
    @Gryphonisle Год назад

    Some folks are so stupid. There’s a land-locked dime store construction of Noah’s ark, I think in Tennessee. It was built with a bulbous bow

  • @xmtryanx
    @xmtryanx 2 года назад +1

    Mary was absolutely NOT built to Admiralty standards, like her predecessors Maury and Lucy. Great video, though.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад

      Indeed she was built to those standards. It's been well documented by historians. The Queen Mary was subsidized by Parliament BECAUSE she was under reserve by the British Admiralty.

    • @xmtryanx
      @xmtryanx 2 года назад

      @@AlextheHistorian Every British registered ship was Admiralty reserve.... Mary was subsidized to keep Cunard and White Star from going under. I've been studying the old cow for almost thirty years, and have never come across evidence of your claims.

    • @AlextheHistorian
      @AlextheHistorian  2 года назад +2

      Well I took the time to review my books, and I must concede I made an error. It seems I mixed up something I read on pages 36 and 37 of "Queen Mary, Queen of the Queens" with something else I read in "The Cunard White Star Quadruple Screw Liner Queen Mary" on page 24 where it stated she was built to the standards of the International Convention For The Safety of Life At Sea, as implemented by the British Board of Trade. It seemed some wording in the former book made me believe that Parliament subsidized the construction of QM and QE because of the British Admiralty. So yes, I was wrong. But in my defense, I try my best to research information and present it as accurately as I can.

  • @williamdixon1992
    @williamdixon1992 Год назад

    Very good video but when you talk about measurements please leave the "meters" out of it. We dont use that in the United States.

  • @Nikkk6969
    @Nikkk6969 2 года назад

    Bulbous bows are ugly af

  • @richardstokes3642
    @richardstokes3642 2 года назад +1

    Great video. Thank you!