Physicist Reacts to How to Terraform Venus (Quickly)
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- Опубликовано: 5 окт 2024
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The huge problems with Mars is that it is tiny compared to earth and it doesn’t have a magnetic field
Yeah due to that it’s practically a dead planet
it has, but it's so small and Irregular that the planet is basically a radiation box
So one of the first steps to terraform Mars is to create a magnetic field, how: me don't knows, me has monkey brain
But it is possible, just extremely hard and time consuming
-Doesn't Venus also not have a magnetic field?-
EDIT: It does (according to all the replies), i wish i could fix it sooner but i was on holiday ;-;
It's size is definitely not an issue, the main problem is the lack of a magnetic field
It does, it just really weak
just remember that the entire theme of kurzgesagt is that it thinks in timescales of 10,000 years, so relatively quickly
and they are also funded by bill gates to build support for technologies he's currently investing in.
@@LcSlimline Wait really?
@@pyrix mind blown 🤯 ruclips.net/video/HjHMoNGqQTI/видео.html
@@LcSlimline Eat shit, I'm not clicking your spam.
@@LcSlimline proof?
controlling where sunlight would go on venus would be incredibly difficult with today's technology, but I think it's important to note that we'd only have to implement something like that a couple centuries after we put the mirrors in place to freeze the atmosphere and have mined enough of the CO2 to keep the planet livable when we heat it back up.
We'd need significantly superior computing and communications systems to control that mirror satellite array in a safe and reliable way, and also significantly more knowledge about how planetary climates work in order to know how much sunlight to block or redirect, and where and how to redirect it.
@@adamwu4565 significantly superior computing and communications systems that we would probably have developed within the next few centuries
The only difficulty is the size of that structure tbh.
@@eckee Just engineering problems. Modularity to the rescue.
@@Megalomaniakaal agreed. Still so much material and manufacturing. That size of an industry working for a single cause doesn’t exist yet
I think they say it can be done "relatively soon" because we "only" need the first set of mirrors to get it started, then we have a few decades to work on the next innovation, then a century or so for the next.
I'm also unsure how soon "relatively soon" would be tho lol
Relatively soon is probably sooner than it'll take to make Mars habitable.
In geological or even astronomical scales, 10.000 years is soon enough
It's easier to get rid of co2 on venus than increasing Mars surface gravity. Unless unified theory is discovered and gravity manipulation is possible, it's really hard for human to colonize mars
"relatively soon" is just a fancy term for "long as fuck time"
@@stevetrzzNah, it’s slightly less long ass time
18:00
The biggest problem with Mars that it doesn't have a strong enough magnetic field to shield the atmosphere from solar winds. Sorry, that's the second biggest problem, we don't have enough spare Nitrogen to fill an atmosphere to begin with.
That's why I'm convinced that if we start this multiple centuries long terraforming effort on Venus, we will have enough CO2 and Nitrogen to fill up Mars' atmosphere multiple times if needed. After that we can also send water from the Galilean moons / asteroids and can finish up a green Mars before the CO2 is harvested off of Venus
The lack of a magnetic field really isn't that big a problem (Venus doesn't have much of a magnetic field either). The protection a magnetic field provides for Earth's organisms from solar radiation can compensated for in the early days with hard shielding. Humans and other earth life colonists aren't going to be walking outside of enclosed habitats much until quite late in the terraforming process anyways. And the protection from atmosphere loss really isn't an issue at all. The rate of that atmosphere loss is fast only on astronomical scales. On human scales, a full Earth thickness atmosphere around Mars would take several tens of thousands of years, if not longer, to be lost, (look at Venus. It has basically no magnetic field either, and is even closer to the sun and experiences a much greater solar flux, and look how thick it's atmosphere is) which is more than enough time to get an economically viable colony up and running, and more than enough time for the future Martian inhabitants to figure out a way to deal with that issue when it finally does become a problem, if they want to.
When you get to the point where you want to have a magnetic shield for either planet, you can probably create one using a solar powered electromagnet satellite orbiting at a Lagrange Point. It'll be just one more satellite to add to your mirror array.
The nitrogen is really the big issue. But Mars probably has enough to get you started. It will have a low bioproductivity at first and only be able to support a relatively small population of colonists, but eventually, you'll attain the ability to import additional nitrogen as needed from places like Venus or the asteroid belt or the outer solar system.
Sure we do. We can get it from Titan or Venus.
@@Skyte100 we can’t tho. You realize how much mass would need to be destroyed on Earth to create even one cargo space ship??
@@adamwu4565 how long did it take earth to get it’s habitable status? Billions of years? It will take that long to make Mars or Venus habitable for humans. Since humans take special conditions to survive and that we are literally changing the climate so much that we are literally sweating to death in place that were once the cradle of life on Earth. We will not last long enough to see those boondoggles even make an attempt
@@pugdad2555 WRONG. The amount of mass that would be needed to do this is trivial compared to the total mass of the Earth. And most of the mass for such a project will come from asteroid mining anyways.
Imagine Venus is the only other planet with life in our solar system and we freeze it to death.
Dead Aliens today, Oil for the future
@@xNothing2Lose USA be like :
Sound normal for human
Yeah there’s beings walking around on a planet with extreme atmospheric pressure and the temperature is like 700 to 800 degrees 😂
@@smokindatshit8268 you never know
No species that is at war with itself can do this. Humans need to shape up if they wanna accomplish this.
Thats what people said about humans hundreds of years ago and yet we managed to do quite alot of stuff
Like imagine showing someone from the 1800s a iphone
They would not believe that we made that
Or showing the buildings we made
Or saying we landed a human on the moon
Us trying to do this today is like a group of people trying form a civilization, but everyone is a Cannibal.
the biggest human progresses happened during war, lol
-60 is livable. I was in siberia when it was -56 and I barely batted an eye.
You aint human bro.
-Chad (except its a joke not real)
Was that because you physically couldn't?
clearly I'm trolling with sarcasm lol
@@AkilWingate lol, so was I 😅
I'm in on terraforming venus ^^ . Mirrors are easier to make than you might think :). You don't need the extreme precition as you'd need for a telescope. Any thin aluminium structure should do
That would be ripped apart by space debris. They already had one of the mirrors of the new Telescope broken by a smaller than expect meteoroid that they didn’t account for. How many other things are we not accounting for?
@@pugdad2555 not really. space debris should just fly right through and leave a hole depending on the size of the debris. But those holes are insignificant compared to the size of the entire thing, so you can ignore them for quite a while. And by the time we can build that we might have smart material, which close the holes automatically. The new telescope is not broken, but it got a little bit of damage, which for a telescope can get bad, but for a mirror that just means a slight leak of light
@@timmwahl7097 I think we do have materials that heal themselves, but the problem I'm thinking of is how much a planet sized mirror would cost in resources, and how heavy and expensive it would be to get to Venus.
Although in the video they said the mirror would be as thick as a coronavirus. So maybe it's not as much as you would think
@@knutcasegaming It wouldn't be cheap for sure, but the required materials are pretty abundant in the inner solar system, so some smart asteroid mines or even a large refinery on the moon should drive the cost down significantly
@@knutcasegaming How would a mirror that thin not rip itself apart at the slightest movement under its own mass?
Kurzgesagt: "You know hell? "
Me: "Yes? "
Kurzgesagt: "What if we colonize it? "
God has joined the chat:
God: yo what?!
Me: Anyone wants sausages?
The mirrors would NOT be made of glass, meteorites and micro-meteorites would only tear relatively small holes over which a new reflective film could be attached if wanted; the only real need would be monitoring and adjusting the structure's orbit from such things. I'm dubious that Venus would cool as he suggests, however there may already be some extremophiles living in the Venusian atmosphere and in any event we might be able to re-engineer some of our terrestrial ones to be suspend-able in Venue's violent atmosphere, but first we need extensive geological surveys to better understand where Venus's own calcium has been locked away (possibly under a lava crust that might be vulnerable to a modified Rods of God (Project Thor) style rapid disassembly). My expectation would be that we'll have to use Mercury to partially reduce the CO2 and Sulfuric acid so a family of engineered extremophiles can thrive rather than survive. In any event Venus is too great a gift to disregard, we will have to make it our second home planet.
As for Mars, I can see only one reason for people to want to live there, and that is IF we discover that 38% gravity is healthy and more readily enables prolonged life. To date we have only tested two gravity environments, one and effective-zero; we just don't yet know if 1/6th or 1/3rd would be sufficient for well-being.
Why do you want to destroy our only home planet to just realize that Venus was never a second home and that we should have taken care of this one on Earth first….
Yeah, the planet would never cool that quickly. The surface and even deep rocks would provide heat for a long time. On the bright side, all the erosion from a "carbonic cycle" lasting thousands of years would sequester at least some of the carbon dioxide as existing surface minerals were weathered.
One thing to note here. These various mirror satellites envisioned being used here are essentially the same types of mirror satellites you would be building to construct a Dyson Swarm around the sun. Ergo, the terraforming projects can be a subpart of a larger long term project of creating said Dyson Swarm and transitioning to a K2 civilization. Or, on the flip side, the building of a Dyson Swarm can be just a natural consequence of normal growth and expansion into the solar system that includes terraforming projects and need not be a separate custom designed project.
Mirror satellites have a huge number of useful applications, and being able to build them, launch them, and control them is basically the gateway technology a civilization needs for long term space expansion and ascension up the K scale. Mirror satellites around your home planet are how you transition to full K1. Mirror satellites are how you terraform other planets. (Or even just make local colonies more hospitable short of full terraforming). They are how you provide power to orbiting space habitats and other installations, and they are how you assemble a Dyson Swarm to get to K2. And once you get to K2, they are the key to doing all sorts of crazy stuff like Shkadov Thrusters and Nicoll-Dyson beams, and interstellar laser highways, and the like.
If humanity ever makes it to a K2 level, the successful deployment of the first mirror satellite will likely be remembered as a critically important transition point, up there with the invention of stone tools, the discovery of fire, the advent of agriculture, the invention of writing, steam power, the computer, etc.
That is a bold face lie. If that were true, then they would use that technology to actually stop the desertification of the cradles of life on Earth
@@pugdad2555 Absolutely. They WOULD use that technology to stop the desertification of the cradles of life on Earth. This would be easily achievable long before the technology reached the level needed to construct a Dyson Swarm, and would in fact be the most likely first impetus to developing that technology in the first place. If humans ever develop the ability to terraform planets, the first planet humans will successfully terraform will be Earth.
I vote we forgo mirrors in favor of a Second Heavy Bombardment; we bombard Venus with asteroids in order to speed the planet itself up to something closer to an Earth day. This way the planet is not vulnerable to a single point of failure; its mirrors. It would add a few hundred years to implement, but I would say it's worth it.
Sorry for the lack of day, the sun mirrors are in maintenance, They will be repaired is 3-4 business days, and in the meantime, we will have to set out clocks backwards by 12 hours per day, until we announce the full repair. To celebrate, come to null island and we will host the new solar system record for the biggest party!
How’d you escape the mental asylum
Elon should take mars and Jeff should take Venus see who can get a colony first besides eventually mars is gonna want an atmosphere
That's very expensive. If you want to kill them, you should just use the good old guillotine.
Another problem I see is with the mirrors, they are so massive and delicate that any small object that goes near them is an existential threat to the entire planet. Seriously, one messed up microscopic fragment of metal that broke off of a spaceship could spell doom for the whole planet.
People building this will know that and build accordingly
The mirrors would be made of a very thin, flexible fabric, and could be designed so that a micro-collision would just punch a hole through the fabric without a high likelihood of creating a scattering of extra debris, which would only diminish the total reflectivity by a tiny fraction of a percent. Keep in mind as well that the mirror material wouldn't necessarily need to be super shiny, like a classic mirror, for this to work. The moon has an albedo of barely 10%, practically grey-black, and look how brightly it still reflects sunlight on a night with a full moon. So just something white, or some other light colour, would be perfectly serviceable. You can build bigger mirrors panels or have additional mirror satellites, to compensate for reduced reflectivity of the mirror surface. Once you get the ability to build stuff at that scale and control it with the needed precision, there is so much excess sunlight available in our solar system that the efficiency of the reflection itself isn't a major issue.
You needn't even put the mirrors in orbits all that close to Venus, either. They could theoretically be anywhere in the inner solar system, safely away from any planet you don't want them to be near, since there's nothing in space to block the reflected light, and you can compensate for the intensity drop-off from distance with just more mirrors. Though by this point you are well on your way to having a partial Dyson Swarm up and running, and your simultaneously terraforming all the planets at once, and you probably have the technological capability to increase your efficiency by having the local satellites use the collected sunlight to power a laser, and beam the laser at the target planet(s).
You don't need solid mirrors. Even huge clouds of highly reflective aluminium flakes or small house-sized foils can do the job.
@@adamwu4565 you do understand that you could need to destroy countries and make part of the habitable Earth uninhabitable since you since need to mine a massive amount of Earth in order to get a thin sheet of aluminum…
@@nilnull5457 but they wouldn’t stand up to the solar flares.
15:19 “It’s not just a boulder - it’s a rock!!”
Imagine that we just finished terraforming venus and next day an asteroid just destroys everything
hopefully at this stage in technology we have a way to destroy or redirect asteroids
@@aodhGillespie look up the nasa dart mission, its pretty cool
this sounds like a level of engineering and material use that it'd probably just be easier to build an artificial planet xDD
Wrong. Building a WHOLE planet from scratch definitely requires more resources then just terraforming planets that already exist
Instead of a massive mirror, a bunch of tiny balls at the Lagrange point of Venus and the sun could be used as a mirror instead. It can be sent up gradually and is more resistant to meteors since you can just send more balls, while reducing the amount of sunlight reaching Venus and lowering it's temperature
If we consider how far humanity's technology progressed troughout the last 100 years.. I think starting this process could start before 2122.
We literally went from a light bulb that never needed to be change to many different light bulbs that are designed to fail.
@@pugdad2555 What are you trying to prove with that statement, you said the light bulbs are supposed to fail.
People in Siberia are built different man, that's like the temperature of Mars, and they were fine!
Cold is so much easier to endure than heat. Nuclear batteries alone could maintain you in a cold climate, it's all the other processing needs that are a concern. Still, by the time we can terraform a planet, we should be scooping hydrogen off the Sun, taking carbon from the planets and making more water if we still want it. If you have the tech though, you just cycle it
Damn the editing has improved, this is looking great!
I think the most interesting thing about this to me is that this would probably cause Venus to stop being the brightest planet in our night sky.
The first step of simply making a mirror the size of a fucking planet is difficult enough.
The greenhouse effect is wrongly decipted. They show it as if Co2 is reflecting the radiation back down to earth, which is not what actually happens. Infrared energy gets absorbed for a very short period of time and the emitted to an area where the energy is less. It can't go all the way down to the bottom, because GHGs are opaque to IR-radiation. Also the more CO2 you have the less significant the additional warming is. Venus is so hot because of the sulfuric acid cloud cover that traps the heat in. Just like our clouds these clouds are a major climate driver. The cloud coverage has decreased which in result causes the earth to warm, because less sunlight gets reflected into space. It can't come from our emissions because they only started increasing exponentially in 1946 but the global warming has been going on since 1695. On top of that the global climate decresed from 1944-1976.
These are some solid speedrunning tactics. Shortening billions of years to thousands of years for making a planet livable.
Speedrunning is human based tho. You can’t speed run reality. If you do, it has disastrous consequences that you won’t know.
Space has like rocks that fly around and hit things, we would need to actively fix those mirrors while not accidentally release more junk that would absolutely shred the mirrors more.
You don't need -60C for balaclava. I wear one all the time at work in Winnipeg Canada from about -20 to -40 and they work great. I cut the cloth directly above the nose to make one large eye holes area but that is my preference. You can't be without a balaclava. My dad used to ride his bike to school all winter, so you don't have to go to Siberia for this. Try Northern USA Minnesota and Canada.
I like the upper atmosphere platform idea
I think in the long term, Venus might be a better candidate at Home 2.0 than Mars due to its gravity, atmospheric thickness, and the abundance of CO2 which can be split into carbon (or hydrocarbons) and free oxygen, which itself may form ozone layer. The more a system is passively stable, the better. Mars would either require us to dig underground colonies, or relatively flimsy bubble cities, without mentioning changing the soil chemistry for agriculture and introducing certain changes in our bodies to not deteriorate in the low gravity of Mars for extended stays.
We wouldn’t survive on Mars anyway, we are built to live on Earth and we don’t even understand all the nuances that comes with.
I don't think there is a video of us landing a probe on venus...
You may be thinking of the video from the Huygens probe landing on the moon Titan.
Yes -60 degrees is liveable. But it also depends on how much humidity and storms it has.
I mean in my country it can be -30 and it might even be impossible to breathe and you can actually see ice/snow particles everywhere in the air when the sun is out. And I mean just gliding without any wind.
Pretty much imagine a rain forest randomly going -30 degrees.
You are going to need to (reverse ?) and increase the rotation speed of Venus, using the moon that is created from the frozen CO2. This doesn't preclude making Cloud City.
They have lots of videos suggesting lasers, they are Death Star fans. Makes a lot of sense since they're funded by Klaus Schwab who's literally Emperor Palpatine.
Floating infrastructure and habitats on Venus is likely a much more realistic plan than relying on a full terraforming project.
Mirrors in any case will be made of the thinnest film on a light frame. There are no loads in vacuum and weightlessness. I love this video. This should work.
With a laughably small fraction of the technology and effort required to terraform either mars or venus, we could KEEP earth livable.
A lot of megaconstruction projects like planet-sized mirrors probably become easier if we carefully develop self-replicating nanites that can put themselves together in any configuration. I kind of doubt it'll happen due to how much fear the general public will likely always have toward the concept (thanks mainly to hollywood), but with proper safety precautions, a relatively small handful could be unleashed onto an asteroid or something, cannibalizing it to build more of themselves until there's a sufficient quantity of nanites to form themselves into the structure we need.
I just watched your video on the high-schooler and the fourth dimension. I learned a bit more, but in general, it's all just a concept.
Is there a chance that micrometeorites before burning up in the atmosphere and before collision could carry more microorganisms than we’d be currently aware of? If so… venturing further into space would also carry added challenges dealing with future developments from those microorganisms.
Organisms, or the chemical makeup for organisms. Panspermia doesn’t always include actual life forms being carried around. Though if it does, that’ll be real funky.
There isn't really a need to terraform Venus, aerostat habitats are just fine, at about 50km above the surface the atmospheric pressure is 1 bar, the temp is about 20C, and regular air would be a lifting gas in the Venerean atmosphere, so you could just fill balloons with Earth air, and at 1 bar of pressure if there were a tear in one, it wouldn't explosively decompress, giving workers time to go out and repair the damage (and they wouldn't need pressure suits, just a hazmat suit with a rebreather).
This would be FAR more cost effective and timely, especially since it is much easier to travel to Venus from Earth than it is to go from Earth to Mars :P
1:02 He said terraform quickly,not build a civilization quickly
Seems to me the plan that's suggested in that other vid is Adding a few extra Steps for some of the things it's trying to achieve... For example, rather than Try to Ship all the Carbon into space After Freezing the planet, they could Just do it directly with use of Cloud stations. Just Build "Cloud Cities" Make Large Hydroponics bays in them that you regularly Inject with Venus's Atmosphere in Relatively Small quantities, Let the plants Absorb and transform the carbon into a Solid state, and Release a bit of Oxygen into the Atmosphere in exchange... And there you just got a head start on the Job of Adding Oxigen to the planet while Also reducing the Carbon in the Atmosphere... And the best part is that while this is happening, you already have some Habitable Space for Colonists to Live their lives, potentially Transforming the plant matter that was grown on their Stations into things that could potentially be used Across the Solar system by our various Colonies (Which in turn means that it gives a Direct Incentive to Do this as it would offer SOME Benefit to humanity in the short term, rather than waiting a Millennium for a Livable planet to maybe be able to use)... And there's nothing stopping us from combining Methods, or at least some of them.
This whole process might be Longer to Fully Terraform the planet than Mars, but at least by the end of the process you have a fully Livable Planet. Where Mars just doesn't have enough Mass, and thus gravity, to Hold on to a Livable Atmosphere, Which means we'd be stuck living in domed cities or Underground, The planet itself would NEVER Be Truly Terraformed. We could Make a Livable for a Colony, sure, but not a Sustained Ecosystem that can support life on it's own.
Portalgun, orange side on mars, blue side on venus, two birds one stone.
So if we're gathering all the carbon in Venus or all the water on Jupiter's moon, that would be a pretty good source of fuel for nuclear fusion if we ever get the technology for it
I have this nagging feeling that I’m gonna be dead 20 years before they come out with the technology to upload your consciousness
wouldn't actually be easier to start colecting the co² while is a liquid? constructing a structure to suck the co² and taking it to space like a lift seems easier than mine it, and when is outside orbit use a skyhook as catapult to shoot it away, or put it into a moon as it was quoted.
More easy to make pipeline and pump carbon dioxide to artificial moon. On this moon possible to make oxygen factory...
When i heard about modifying animals according to our needs, i always think why not modify humans? Like if we can modify ourselfs to be much more resistant to radiation or learn to photosynthesise, we wouldn't need oxygen masks or a magnetic field
The main problems Mars has is that it has only trace atmosphere so all the atmosphere needs to be shipped in, and we're not sure the gravitational pull on Mars is strong enough to long term sustain people.
Yeah, this is a little too far fetched and all, but I still think that the ideas presented by Kurzgesagt here are really, really solid. Literally. Also it's insane how many problems can a solar mirror solve according to Kurzgesagt.
I love how they never talk about where they are getting this material from and what part of Earth they don’t want habitable since we could need to destroy whole countries just for the metal to make these magical space ships
@@pugdad2555 i love how you don't consider the fact that this theoretical venus-terraforming human civilization can absolutely mine asteroids and other planets
take mercury for example. it gets its reddish color from the iron, hematite, on its surface. this can be extracted and processed into reflective material, usable in mirrors.
@@pugdad2555A humanity that is undertaking this task would by now, be sourcing most raw materials from asteroids. Asteroids contain so much material it's insane, and not to mention, launching raw material from the surface of Earth would be a huge waste of resources. Asteroids/Mercury/ moons are already in space.
They just mean that they're going to explain it quickly
Wait, when did John Cena put on glasses and start making science videos? 👀
They make great animations... someone fund this plan on Venus! Where is the Kickstarter? 😉
This can be accelerated by converting the co2 into oxygen and carbon as it is transported into orbit. thanks to this, at the same time we would have an atmosphere composition suitable for us and a moon with co2 that could gradually accelerate the rotation of venus thanks to the appropriate orbit
If we learned how to do that, we would just make the Earth more habitable. Why do you think Earth will be habitable when this happens? People will not be able to mine when it is hot enough that you die from not sweating….
@@pugdad2555 the earth's living capacity is finite. we will eventually *need* to look outwards. alongside that, having multiple planets colonized drastically reduces the risk of humanity dying in an extinction event. an asteroid will only hit one planet, after all.
@@justanerdiguess4910 Humanity's population growth is also finite... And so is the solar system's capacity, which we'll never escape from without radically altering our understanding of the nature of the universe. FTL is a more radical technology than time travel.
And who gives the damn about mass extinction, what does that change? The death toll will still be just as tragic regardless of whether or not there were people off of the planet.
But for the record I'd colonize the fuck out of Venus if only to get away from you weirdos. I'll genetically modify floating plants that siphon carbon from the lower atmosphere!!
I feel like all the planets are variations of what the earth could be if everything goes wrong!
"Quickly" in Universe time is measures in thousands of years.
People need to stop being worried about not living to see this tech. Worry about the availability of life extension technology. If it happens in our lifetimes as it should, it will first be for the very rich. Worry about seeing Elon's kid's using thier Mars mining money to rocket around at 300, while people working on this planet are barely living to 100
Mercury gonna die for the dyson sphere, Mercury gonna die for Venus
Venus has almost the same gravity as Earth (0.92x), Mars only 0.38x. That is the main argument for me.
And yes, contributing to terraforming both planets, CO2 from Venus should be transported to Mars to enable greenhouse effect there
How to terreform Venus: throw some tardigrades at it.
Maybe the scientists that are thinking to terraform another planet, can use a rainy sunday afternoon to terraform a couple degrees off of our own planet? If they can terraform whole unterraformed planets in the near future, that must be a piece of cake for them.
Possible does not mean practical. It's possible for me to jump out of an airplane without a parachute and survive, doesn't mean I'm gonna do it.
Let me get this right. Mars atmosphere is too thin and cold. Venus atmosphere is too thick and hit.
Why can't we terraform them both together? Send the excess CO2 to Mars
No one said we couldn't
@@jaydrianpieters7718 the video called for doing Venus FIRST instead of Mars.
@@greenpeasuit it didn't though,it said we can ship the CO2 to mars while terraforming Venus
When you talked about how 70% of Earth's oxygen production takes place in the ocean, and that we should use that instead of cyanobacteria, that IS cyanobacteria.
Well, they did mention mars has some unavoidable issues, namely its low gravity, and increasing its mass until it has suitable gravity i don't think would be easier then the process for Venus that Kurzgesagt described. Mar's mass is shockingly low for its size, it's width is about half that of earth's, but it's mass is only around 10% of earth's, with surface gravity that is around 0.3g.
We would need to smash not only the entire asteroid belt, but several of the dwarf planets in the solar system just to get Mar's gravity to be suitable for humans. Now this would also have the benefit of heating the planet up, but probably to such a degree it'd take hundreds if not thousands of years to cool it suitably.
Venus however is already nearly the size of earth. Any venture we make in terraforming planets is going to be a multi-century project, but for making a planet that is atleast earth like, Venus is better then Mars.
Considering that one would expect a ball half the earth's width to have roughly 12,5% of earth's mass due to how basic geometry works, i don't really see how 10% is "shockingly low for it's size".
Is 0.3 really that unsuitable for humans? Especially when it's low gravity already during childhood, I imagine humans to be quite adaptable. Health complications will surely arise, but we'll surely find ways to deal with those
Venus is absolutely easier to terraform than Mars, but it really depends on your definition of what is “ok we did it” and “ok we are done.” Before I even get to the pros and cons, I wanna point out an obvious but so obvious no one mentions it thing: if you need to talk to Earth, your messages will take roughly 2.5 minutes each way, or for constant communication 5 minute cycles. Mars can go up to 20 minutes-one way! All these projects need contact with Earth, the Moon, or satellites and ships around Earth to make the terraforming possible and to monitor it. If a fault was detected, wouldn’t you rather have that extra 15 minutes to send a software patch? But even for quality of life, wanna talk to your friends back home? You can do that on Venus, it will just feel like AOL 1999. But Mars, you’re sending a message or heaven forbid a video, once a day. *OK SO, as was stated, Venus has so many factors that right now make it not only hospitable to human life, but tbh, ideal. Let me explain. Let’s start with the fact that the challenges are things we can control-things the planet already has going for it, but we just need to tweak. For starters, it has an atmosphere. Let’s not call that sliver of an atmosphere on Mars more than exactly that. Good luck. That atmosphere may even contain life. But it most surely contains gases we use and know how to work with. Second, it has a magnetic field. This is different than Earth’s (summary: earth uses its poles, Venus basically has a special handshake relationship with the Sun where they exchange some particle dust in Venus’s atmosphere (ahem) and thus the solar winds go neatly around the planet. I am not sure how much radiation we might have to deal with, but my guess is if we can terraform it even slightly, we can counteract that using similar methods. Third, heat. At first glance, the heat issue seems like a nonstarter for Venus. But then you realize something: heating something up takes energy, cooling it not really. If you want to charge your phone via solar on Mars, don’t hold your breath. The solar shade idea for Earth is currently impractical, we just don’t have the materials and the cost is many times earth’s GDP. But the science is there for it. And so are concepts for making one on Mercury or out of Moon regolith. Point is that we know what to try to make feasible and cheaper. Gravity. The one thing Elon has no plans for whatsoever stated, is how we do not all crumble and die from being subject to Mars’ gravity differential. Are we suppose to just hope we grow taller on our own? Genetic engineering could do it, but I’m going to guess the world is not ready for that technology to be used, even if we could get to Mars quickly and cheaply. For generations. Not only would we fair better on a moderately terraformed Venus, so would our future plants, animals, machines! Everything we know is based on Earth’s gravity. Why reinvent the wheel so much? Mars requires some magic way to control the temperature’s wild mood swings, some magic way to unleash thus far unproven though suspected water reserves, the creation of an atmosphere, the creation of a magnetic field. I’ve seen proposals for how to create a magnetic field, let’s just say you have to be religious about science to have the type of faith they would work. And those wind storms of death on Mars? If the idea is we can live on Mars now and figure it out later, that is stupid. You’re on suit tear away from certain death. Changing those weather patterns sounds just as hard as many parts of the Venus video, but at least we have proposals for how to do that. Haven’t seen any for Mars’ winds. (But i would love to). Sure negatives: Venus, while technically closer, is harder to get to/longer than Mars because its orbit is far from us much of the year and the gravity in the area doesn’t allow for the type of assists we usually like to speed up trips. The pressure issue is obviously real-but the explanation provided by the video is not wishful thinking, it logically makes sense. Also, we’ve already put machines on the surface and through the sky! Look, they only last a few mystical hours or what have you, but we again, know what the problem is and just need to tweak it. Venus would also be highly dependent on that mirror system working without interruption of debris problems. Too long out of commission and sizzle. But I trust redundancies would be accounted for if we can build the thing to begin with. For me personally, the biggest factor that says lets go to Venus first, is, well, fucking can. We can build those cloud cities he mentioned. Honestly, you could walk outside on ship’s deck with a thin/comfortable spacesuit with basic oxygen and helmet support. You could walk. If you got a tear, it would require going inside but you wouldn’t get “evil” dust like on Mars inside your suit that will contaminate everything and everyone. Requiring whole wash downs every time you go out. We could get very good at space cities. And eventually, we would already have enough people around to get started on the other factors. This is already a long post, so one final point: Why terraform a planet? If the answer is truly “we need a backup for Earth” then hello: you go to the place you already know you can. There is nothing to suggest we couldn’t live in a space city for decades or lifetimes (assuming we stabilize cloud patterns etc.). The gravity, solar power, (also necessary to avoid depression), pressure, and protection from radiation are all there using the planet’s own atmosphere and benefits as long as we stay in the clouds. but we have the tech to make any fluctuations possible. If you can figure out sustainable water and oxygen, then boom. But considering that we could start shipping those things today-ish if we really wanted, along with seeds for sky habitats etc., your Plan B is ready for you.
As many have probably pointed out here; Mars is in theory and practically harder to terraform because of the thin atmosphere, weak magnetic sphere and weak gravity. Of course, the best and fastest way to terraform Venus (and Mars) is to colonize the Moon and make it a moonbase with it being a sort "gas station" and platform for rockets and satellites and probes.
Also the planet was like earth in the past but was collided with something similar to it's size or bigger
Wow we got physicist youtubers in cool red silk kimonos reacting to videos now.
Once we have the Nano fabricator completed, this will be even easier, its able to separate atoms from molecules, and recombine them to molecules we want, its the peak of fabrication, anything can be printed at extreme speeds, the 1st stage is already done, current estimates set the completion around 2050, once we have one the first thing it'll print is another and so on for every household, for most things we need in our daily lives, we only need air, water and dirt to provide the raw material, anything will become possible, nano bots, new nano materials etc. computer earl tea hot, and it'll print it including the cup.
If we can find a method to give mars a magnetic field, we could use the co2 from Venus to give mars an atmosphere with enough pressure to support life
Mars does not have the gravitational pull to hold a nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere regardless of its magnetic pull.
You lost me when you said we could literally build a cloud city on Venus right now 😂😂😂😂😂
For a second I thought this was for the terraforming mars with lasers video lol.
You should take a look at Issac Arthur's Outward Bound: Colonizing Venus and Winter on Venus.
Honestly, this is why I believe we need to achieve transhumanism ASAP.
The ability to live long enough to make such deliberate long term plans on timescales we could easily see through despite it once being multiple lifetimes would unleash the human potential.
Not to mention how a transhuman or even post-human version of us could colonize space far easier.
Who knows, if we managed to go full on synthetic we might even be able to get into space without worrying about a life support system.
Why do you think if we could do this on another planet, why not do it on Earth? Because realistically, if we could figure out how to terraform planets, we would do that to Earth since it is quickly becoming uninhabitable.
@@pugdad2555 Basically we need to do both, as in fixing one fixes the other.
Moving heavy/toxic industry into space and offloading the population onto other planets and/or space habitats as it grows would play a massive role in preverving the habitability of earth.
Not to mention that the vastly longer lifespan of a trans human perrson, let alone a post human person, incentivizes long-term grand-scale planning.
So we should simoutaneously pursue all these things.
We need a second "new deal era" where we do what we did int he 50's where extreme wealth was properly taxed aznd then put that money into R&D.
Mars has two major problems. Its size was covered in this video, but it really didn't emphasize how bad it can be. It's not just bad for us, it's bad for any sort of terraforming project. Without enough gravity, it has trouble holding onto an atmosphere. Add this to the fact that it has no magnetic field. And any atmosphere created would be continually stripped away by solar winds. So Mars will always be a world where we have to live in domed cities or under ground.
I have a idea about the universe it’s the singularity of a black hole that the mass leaves due to Hawking radiation out of the center of the universe (where I say the singularity was) and the unborn universe was inside a black hole so this aids the Big Crunch idea
13:30
Why not? I'd work an 8 hour shift on on a +2000 hours day
Ok, but it *is* easier.
You start with cloud cities. Those drop *Anchors* and *shades* that use the difference in tempeture to produce power.
You know, the difference in heat from the ground to well above that city. And they process the CO2 into useful exports.
This is technology we have *now.*
Does it take longer? Yes.
Does it also pay for itself? Also yes.
That planet is litterally full of free power.
And the atmosphere can be used to produce some of the most expensive and useful products on earth.
And it would be much cheaper there simply because many of the concerns on earth, will not apply.
Will it be expensive? Yes. But in the end it will lower the costs for space travel.
i just realized they put smallfry from splatoon 3 at around 13:30 lmao
I've often wondered what it would be like if Mars and Venus's orbit were actually swapped over and Venus had always been where Mars is... Would it have life on it?
It has a magnetic field, is almost the same size as earth, it would still have water, would have plate tectonics probabky, it would probably have livable temperatures.
I bet if that was the case we'd have had people on it by now!
Actually I think you can build an atomic bomb. You just can’t launch it.
The Mars needs a GIANT lazor :3
With the mirrors - if you are directing all that heat back at the sun, couldn't that be a potential hazard?
Earth Gravity 9.807 m/s²
Venus Gravity 8.87 m/s²
Moons Gravity 1.62 m/s²
Theoretical Venus Moon Gravity 1.3203 m / s²
Moons Distance 384,400 km
Theoretical Venus Moons Distance 313,286 km
Earth Mass 1.00 Earths
Venus Mass 0.815 Earths
Rotation
Spin can be a factor of many things so lets say earth stays 24hours and Venus is about 23.9 / 24.9 hours long
Now plate tectonics is a major factor on earth and it might be another MAJOR reason life was able to get a foot hold by stopping constant eruptions and slowly moving the volcanos away from the hot spots and having calm period's.
And Venus has a slight tilt like us 23.9 Degree say Venus is 23.7 or 24.1
Lets not forget that the planet that help create our moon might of given us our magnetic shield :)
I play around in sandbox games of the universe and Venus was 71% chance of life compared to earths 99% if it was like this in our universe.
Plus the planets rotation direction since if the planet rotates wrong way it effects planet differently like Venus due to the way it goes around the sun it slowed down to spin slower then its year.
If all this besides the spin direction was present I think we would send rovers to Venus and Hell it may still have water of some sort.
They released a video on how to terraform mar
Why does this guy think elon musk would know about terrafroming?
Well Kurzgesagt are German so I am not exactly surprised the plan they proposed is massively overengineered
Venus is the way to go, mars gravity and lack of magnetic field cant really be solved, the only deal breaker of venus its the súper slow rotation
dude im thanks for the nz rep almost nobody talks about us
If the goal is to remove the frozen CO2 and get it into orbit, woulddnt meteor strikes work ? They do great at sending the ground into space lol.
Stream is more fun with Dylan.
If this is ever done I would argue it's one of humanity's biggest accomplishment.
Let's terraform the sun
Fix everything except earth I guess. Let's invent stuff in a few centuries to fix Mars while we all die here
What I don't get is how will we keep the mirrors from being blasted in to venus when they get hit by a Solar flare, and how is the ice mines from titan is suppose to stay frozen when it gets within Venus's boundaries - an area heavily heated by the Sun's proximity?
Yes and kurgasezat Said terraform. If you would want to perform mars easily 20000 years but Venus would probably only take 7000 years. Obviously when we go to Mars we are not terraforming it we are just looking down some bases for people to live in.
If the phosphine levels weren't wrong, but possibly fluctuate, that could be proof of a life of sorts
To terraform venus, we'd have to somehow take away over 90% of the atmosphere... Even if you magically modified venus's atmosphere 1:1 to an earthlike mixture, it'd still be the same temperature because it's hot due to the mass of atmosphere + closeness to sun.
I wonder if we could somehow use heat pumps to focus the heat and use it to melt metals