Here's an interesting question, do you think Mars was originally in the goldilocks zone but something happened either something knocked it out or it gradually fell out?? It would explain the idea that it once had water.
@@AmazingKevinWClark The core of the planet cooled faster than Earth due to its small size, which probably affected the magnetic field and all the things that result from not having a strong magnetic field. It's probably not the only reason, but I just wanted to give my thoughts.
Fun Fact: An average kurzgesagt video takes about 6 months to 3 years of planning before being released. In this period, Kurzgesagt's team will contact different experts on the field concerned, fact check their drafts, video production typically runs up to 5 months, and voice overs. Kurzgesagt upholds to their mission to distribute educational and trusted videos. For this video here are the experts who helped with the topic: •Dr. Matthew Caplan-Illinois State University •Dr. Tenley Banik-Illinois State University •Dr. Michael Sussman •Dr. Lucas Kreuzer-Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
16:30 You're partially right, yes the clouds and ash would trap the heat on Earth but the thing with global warming through CO2 and Methane is that those gasses dont reflect the sunlight allowing more heat to enter while not letting go of any. The ash would block sunlight which prevents the Earth from warming up during the "day" this makes it grow colder instead of warmer but I understand that it's kind of counter intuitive
15:52 nope. In a nutshell is right about that. Stratospheric aerosol injection works on the same principle. Aerosols in the clouds reflect sunlight and cool the earth. And it's a well known fact among climate scientists that volcanic eruptions can in fact cool the global temperature let alone the regional temperatures. one such example is the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991 in philippines caused a drop of 0.5 C in global temperatures,
15:57 The thing about Venus is that it has had billions of years to heat up. The Sun only barely heats the surface, as can be seen from the night and day sides being almost the same temperature. The Earth would not be in the same situation in the short term. Similar events have happened in real life, such as the 1816 year without a summer caused by the 1815 Tambora eruption.
I am in no way an expert, but here are my thoughts: Greenhouse gasses have little to do with the sun. But rather preventing the earth from radiating heat outwards to space. But since the same goes for incoming sunlight, this alone doesn't cause a rise in temperature. (Or in other words: insulation works both ways) So my idea is that earth's OWN internal geothermal heat is (somewhat slowly) heating up the air/ground. Wich no longer cools itself like it used to due to the greenhouse gasses. But even if this theory is correct (it probably isn't). This wouldn't matter much, since it remains: "Greenhouse gasses cause global warming". Just with a different method/perspective.
@@suddeneevee9441 The reason why greenhouse gases work is because they are transparent in the visible part of the spectrum, aka the light that the Sun mostly emits, but they absorb in the infrared part of the spectrum, aka the part that the Earth emits due to black body radiation.
@@tonydai782 Oh yeah, I completely forgot to account for different 'types' of light being received/emitted. That would be a good reason for the gasses to work differently for inward and outward heat/energy flows.
You're out of your mind if you think it NEEDS billions of years to settle into a certain steady state temperature. Do you know why August is the hottest month even though the summer solstice is on June 20? Because the ground holds onto the heat so the time delay causes a phase shift of about 50 days. The thermal time constant however is nowhere near billions of years.
@@suddeneevee9441 That is literally what the greenhouse effect is. If you didn't understand that very simple concept then you literally knew nothing about it. The sun glows at a blackbody temperature of 5800 kelvin, and the Earth glows at 300 kelvin. Everything glows like the sun, at a frequency distribution characteristic of its temperature, the only reason some things don't appear to be glowing is because the frequencies of electromagnetic radiation they are emitting are ones you can't see.
I dont think people really think that it gets more mass. Being more massive is used in this case as a synonim for bigger not necessarly meaning heavier. Even though word massive stems from the word mass.
15:50 This is a bit wrong, we have documented the effect volcanoes have on the climate, and aerosols in general. They counteract the warming from greenhouse gases partially. Unlike aerosols, CO2-equivalents only grab infrared, thus not reflecting much.
ah,yea.I remember when mount pinatubo(Big terrifying volcano from the Philippines that eruped in June 15,1991) exploded the world cooled down a bit for a while
I’ve heard scientists say a full moon has no effect on human behavior but they have likely never worked in an emergency department of a hospital during one. Let’s just say, shit gets weirder than usual.
@@BlazeDeval The other times I saw it busier than normal, with less lunacy, were holidays and during the off-season when re-runs dominated TV. This was back before Netflix went streaming, but even now there is a certain segment of society that can’t afford it. Typically holidays would bring people that were lonely, wanted an excuse to not be with their family, wanted doctor excuse to be off work post-holiday, and the “this has been bothering me for a while but there’s nothing on TV to take my mind off of it, so I thought it would be a good time to come it” crowd. One of my personal favorites was the “I have a toothache so I put some cocaine on it and now my heart is racing” patient. He was a dick and wanted to argue about the tests and x-rays ordered for him…in the ED he brought himself to. It was the closest I ever got to knocking a patient the fuck out. Patients like him cause apathetic hospital workers, which is bad for the workers and worse for genuine patients. Luckily, I only had to x-ray his chest so my contact was shorter than the RN or PCT. If anyone reading this has experienced an apathetic emergency DR, RN, or XR, the reason is more than likely from having too many “patients” that don’t belong there, are uncooperative, and take attention or resources away from the actual patients in need. Rarely, it can be chalked up to a “bad day.” Most good healthcare workers can compartmentalize and show their “happy” face for their patients.
This would be a great idea for a movie with the twist ending of everyone waiting for the moon to hit only for it to be destroyed before their eyes and met with a beautiful site rather than death. It would seem like an act of god for anyone who doesn’t understand the physics of it.
What shape must a reflector be in order to reflect from any angle. Answer is square XD having a perfect right angle that's reflective off both sides will always give a reflection back to the observer. If you look at yourself in a cornered mirror, doesn't matter where you move, your reflection stays in the corner. The sum of the included angles will always end up being 180degrees.
would have thought the answer is actually just a sphere/ball .... a sphere always has a perpendicular angle towords oncoming photons no matter what direction on a micro scale, its why a shiny mirror ball you can see your face in straight on no matter how you turn it, then again thinking about it, that requires you hit it direct in its center, if you aim the laser on its side it will reflect to its side hmm
to the point where you said at around 15:56 the earth would cool a lot and turn very snowy, it takes a while for those photons to actually get through and because the clouds would eventually dissipate this means that earth would never become like Venus because it takes too long and this is only very temporary.
Magic thing left on Moon to measure distance to Earth is retroreflector plate. Set of 3 mirrors placed perpendicularly to each other (like 3 walls of cube seen from inside), so any light falling on it will be reflected exactly in same direction it was coming from. If you want to see example of it then any road sign is coated with similar layer or bike reflectors are similarly made.
would have thought its just a sphere, as spheres reflect photons back regardless of orientation, then again thinking about it, that requires you hit it direct in its center, if you aim the laser on its side it will reflect to its side hmm
Volcanic ash and dust particles from that would reflect the light, CO2 changes frequency of light and it can keep bouncing it inside. Ash would just yeet it back to space. CO2 absorbs visible light -> IR light -> keep bouncing it inside, volcanic ash -> reflect and yeet back to space So pretty much if you can absorb visible light and covert it to infrared then greenhouse effects kick in.
"When Mercury's in Gatorade" 🤣🤣🤣 That completely got me off guard, I am totally using that the next time a Nurse tries to blame patient behavior on the full moon.
Yet, the reaction wasn't great. Basically agreed with everything, except when he was wrong, or felt like complicating stuff. I'll stick to the original, than you very much. Generated a lot of views from the Kurtzgesagt (might wanna listen to the audio on a translator site) crowd, though, so definately worthwhile (for him).
The volcanoes will create ash-filled clouds that would be super reflective. Tons of cooling gases essentially. Venus has specifically a CO2 problem, but volcanic smoke and ash will be super reflective. So anything that gets retained would be counteracted and superseded by the reflective effect of the gases/aerosols. Didn't some studies estimate the cooling effect some volcanoes could have (like Yellowstone's) if they erupted?
Hmm on your point earlier in the video about the moon colliding with Earth in 65 billion years ago...not sure where you read that from. It was my understanding that the moon is actually getting further away and eventually will become tidally locked with the Earth. (which means Moon will always be on the same side of Earth as it rotates). That as I recall will happen long after the Sun dies so maybe that's what you meant? Or perhaps Moon's orbit getting smaller doesn't happen until after it becomes tidally locked and tidal forces with Sun/Jupiter slowly pushes it closer? If so that's something I didn't know about until now. :P EDIT: Actually there is a movie that sorta covers this. It was called Moonfall. Came out 2020/2021 I think. Forget exactly but the moon suddenly gets closer. Though the movie sorta spins off into hollow moon conspiracies and aliens so things get a little ... different near the end. Moon starts clipping mountains before the heroes save the day. :P
Volcanic aerosols are quite different from greenhouse gases in their effect on the radiative balance. Volcanic eruptions which are powerful enough to send ash and sulfurous aerosols into the stratosphere (I presume in this dramatic case) would indeed be cooling by preventing the solar radiation from reaching the earth's surface. Even if there were more greenhouse gases in the troposphere, there would be way less infrared radiation to trap. There is real life natural history to back up the idea that volcanic eruptions are cooling when the ejecta reaches the stratosphere. This happened after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and after the eruptions of Tambora in Indonesia in 1815 and Krakatoa of 1883 the following summers were cold enough to cause widespread agricultural failures.
4:05 that isn’t true. The moon is actually getting further away; eventually the moon will get far enough away that it’ll ping off into space but the sun will be long dead by then.
The thing about the volcanic clouds leading to global cooling is actually a thing that has occurred in the past - there are written records of it. Mount Tambora, in Indonesia, erupted back in 1816 and caused a global cooling event as a result - the year post it erupting is called "the year without summer"
But what would happen if some super fast alien flew through the moon and broke half of it, i'd assume one of the most notable things would be the tides would shrink, and the moon looks very different in the sky.
Actually the reason we had global warming until 2016 was partially due to reduced cloud coverage. So an increase in coverage decreases the temperature, because less heat can reach the ground. The analogy with Venus is flawed, because that planet has amuch denser atmosphere, that is mostly made out of CO2 with thick clouds out of sulfuric acid blocking the sun. It is also closer to the sun, so it receives even more energy which is why it is so hot. Co2 levels on earth are 0.042% which decresed from 0.7% 500 million years ago. Most of that carbon is now in rock formations. We can't ever get to 1%. And cloud coverage is more likely to get us a snowball earth than a hothouse earth. It was hot on earth most of the time with 55.8 million years with the Eocene Thermal maximum at the end, where the earth cooled from +32°C to 15°C today with 10°C in the ice ages.
2:30 Ah yes The time honored art of throwing yourself at the ground and missing. After 30 years I still use the Hitchhiker's Guide to Orbital Mechanics and Flying. Side note, I was under the impression the Moon is presently on a path of omission, getting 3 cm further away per year?
I think the issue with volcanic clouds vs greenhouse gasses and water vapor is the ratio of how much they increase the albedo, and what wavelengths of light they most effectively trap. GHG trap infrared wavelengths very effectively while letting higher wavelength energy from the sun through - these high wavelength photons hit the the ground, heating it up, and are then mostly re-radiated as infrared, which is trapped. IIRC, volcanic ash with its large particle sizes is more reflective in those higher wavelengths, and thus actually keep photons out altogether, reflecting most sunlight back into space - yes some makes it through and are trapped, but not as many as are deflected, so the overall temperature starts to drop.
I think you're mistaken about the Moon "eventually colliding with the Earth." The moon isn't getting closer, it's getting further away. The final configuration should consist of a tidally locked Earth and Moon, where the Moon has a higher orbit that is geosynchronous with one spot on Earth. Or I don't know. Maybe you're right and NASA is wrong. Could be. solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/in-depth/#:~:text=Size%20and%20Distance,-With%20a%20radius&text=The%20Moon%20is%20an%20average,inch%20farther%20away%20each%20year. On a positive note, saves me from wasting my time with the rest of the video. Thanks!
I think the blocking, suddenly drops but if left for a long time will slowly heat up as more and more photons are trapped, but the time scale means it will most likely suddenly drop, and everything is over before global warming takes effect.
Not mich besides ego The bit at the end where he said he was waiting to see if Kurzgesagt would show the moon be torn apart sums it up. He's just looking for thing to complain about or excuses to go on unrelated tangents. And he can't even be right, like how he says the ash clouds would raise temperatures without bothering to check it out himself. Kurzgesagt does their research, this guy doesn't
7:47. Actually difference of the size of the moon in the zenith vs near horizon is not that big. In the video you said difference of 50 000km. But Earth radius is only 6370km, which is distance difference when moon is low vs high. Just about 1.6% difference, measurable but not noticeable to humans. But moon orbit isn't circle, it ellipse and its distance varies between 363 000km to 405 000km, about 40 000km difference. If 2 effects combine just right, you get ~50 000km of distance difference between moon at it closest or furthest away, but most of it is due to shape of the orbit, and not due to orientation of the earth as claimed.
volcanic ash works different from co2, in co2 the light can still enter, allowing earth to warm, with volcanic ash the light is repelled, it still reduces heat loss from earth but doesn't let any heat in, like placing a thermos of water in a freezer its less global warming rather 'global insulation'
In Hawaii when the moon is full very shortly after jellyfish show up all over the shore the Portuguese man of water is everywhere it's a weird phenomenon.
The reason the earth will cool under extreme volcanic eruptions is because ash is really good at reflecting visible wavelengths. Which decreases the amount of heat reaching the planet significantly. While CO2 is mostly good at stopping infrared heat. Which traps heat from the ground while still allowing a decent amount through from the sun. Venus is so hot because it lost its oceans and therefore the ability to remove CO2 from the atmosphere over geologic time. This lead to many earth atmospheres of buildup which caused the runaway greenhouse effect. I think the scariest impacts from this scenario would be the damage to ecosystems. Huge erosion and salting of every land habitat along with near total destruction of marine habitats on the continental shelf (aka almost all life on the planet). The oceans may recover but, a lot of diversity of land ecosystems might never (on human scales) recover if a lot of plants can't cope with salt and poor/no soil.
Sir, how well learned you are smart and wise, amazing video! Side note: your voice is super charming you should consider voice acting, and so handsome:3
8:15 ive seen this before there the exact same size, its just my brain sees the bigger circles on the left and says "oh i guess the left one is smaller then the right one" weird
Was a cool idea. Now that we could see ourselves from over 100LY away with webb... makes it kind of silly. Anyone who could kill us would have seen us already (by us I mean our planet's atmosphere). Which they could then see had life.
I originally came for the scenery but I have stayed for the science. Thanks for helping me not feel so dumb sometimes. Hope you had a safe and gentle Happy Happy Day!!
When you said Australia is lucky were in the middle of a plate and rarely have earth quakes, we have had 3 earth quakes in nsw in just the last year or 2, because there is a faultline in our plate that stretches from victoria to queensland through the blue mountain ranges , if memory serves me right? Then it is the longest land based faultline on earth...
Currently, the moon is evading earth. The distance between the moon and earth increases by 4 cm every year. Which means that we eventually won't have total eclipses any more.
"The earth and the moon will collide"... I mean what the actual fudge? He might know something we don't, but that sounds like a red flag to me. EDIT: actually he clarifies that a bit later. Not the first time I reacted too fast :p
I believe it's a bit misleading to say that the Moon and Earth should collide in the far future. There are too many unknowns still. I believe the idea of the Moon falling back towards Earth is because of the tidal forces starting to disappear once the Sun starts swelling while entering its red giant stage. But then again, the assumption that nothing else would influence the Earth-Moon system externally for the coming 65 billion years seems a little far-fetched... Just because it has been fine for the past 4.5 billion years doesn't mean that it will stay that way. The Sun's red giant stage might swallow the Earth, a passing star might fling the Earth out of orbit, the Andromeda-Milkyway collision might have an influence, etc. On this scale, even the Universe itself is quite young for being "only" 13.8 billion years old. :')
Just recently started watching you about 2 weeks ago & I’m a huge fan now. You should react to Brian Cox, I’m a big fan of him too & love hearing him talk about the universe & laws &etc 👍🏼
i think something they forgot to mention is that its likely the rings left may eventually collapse into another moon given they dont all fall into earth.
6:20 basically saying "The reason for the moon to fall inword is because it is tidally locked" is a bit short of an explaination... To the extent the moon-earth system does not have external injection of angular momentum, once it's tidally locked the moon will stop getting far. Conversely, in order for the moon to get closer in the future, it should transfer angular momentum... either to the Earth, that should then spin faster again, but this is not possible, or to other solar system bodies, or via gravitational waves.
He specifically talks about this. When the moons orbital period matches the length of the earth's day and they become tidally locked the process reverses and the moon will start to lose altitude. To say it more straight forward than he did, the moons increase in orbit comes from tidal forces that allow the moon to take energy from the earths rotational speed, making days longer and the orbit higher. When there are no more tidal forces this will stop and the mood will start to lose altitude.
@@thecowilsoninc4175 Yes the moon is tidally locked to the earth. It however does rotate, once every 27 days the same as its orbital period. Since its orbital radius is increasing the rotational rate of the moon is slowing as well, since the orbital rate slows as it gets higher.
if you look just right to the big dot, and cross your vision it looks the same, removing the optical illusion unfortunately, you cannot do this with the moon.
Me freezing at "We actually found out that the moon will collide with earth" "but it will take billions of years" me: oh, phew.." the sun will loose it's fuel faster and will eat us" me o.o!
5:01 Assuming our evolutionary descendants are around by that time and they know that the earth existed it's probable that after the Earth is destroyed it becomes a sort of place of pilgrimage for our descendants. I imagine that this is an unlikely scenario but it's still interesting to consider.
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As some who has basic know about stem related stuff this seems like a good start to fulfill my dreams of being an astronaut 😅
Here's an interesting question, do you think Mars was originally in the goldilocks zone but something happened either something knocked it out or it gradually fell out?? It would explain the idea that it once had water.
@@AmazingKevinWClark The core of the planet cooled faster than Earth due to its small size, which probably affected the magnetic field and all the things that result from not having a strong magnetic field.
It's probably not the only reason, but I just wanted to give my thoughts.
You should react to how to move the sun stellar engines
By kurzgesagt
Fun Fact: An average kurzgesagt video takes about 6 months to 3 years of planning before being released. In this period, Kurzgesagt's team will contact different experts on the field concerned, fact check their drafts, video production typically runs up to 5 months, and voice overs. Kurzgesagt upholds to their mission to distribute educational and trusted videos.
For this video here are the experts who helped with the topic:
•Dr. Matthew Caplan-Illinois State University
•Dr. Tenley Banik-Illinois State University
•Dr. Michael Sussman
•Dr. Lucas Kreuzer-Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
Dr. Sussman 📮
Hot dang that take a long time but undertandebel
hehe fahrt
Kurzgesagt is part of a German TV Station even.
@@Baskemtball AAUUGHHHHH
16:30 You're partially right, yes the clouds and ash would trap the heat on Earth but the thing with global warming through CO2 and Methane is that those gasses dont reflect the sunlight allowing more heat to enter while not letting go of any. The ash would block sunlight which prevents the Earth from warming up during the "day" this makes it grow colder instead of warmer but I understand that it's kind of counter intuitive
Ah so the planet stays warm for longer, but it also heats up a lot less, which results in a net negative Flux in temperature?
@@randomaster138 Yes, the reflecting of the sunlight has a bigger impact on the temperature than the trapping of its heat.
not to mention all that fresh lava remodeling the entire, and I mean the ENTIRE surface and ocean beds of the earth.
isn't that why there have been ice ages? super volcanoes erupted and released an insane amount of ash.
@@itsnotthatwaffle1832 Yes you're right about that. That's probably what happened
15:52 nope. In a nutshell is right about that. Stratospheric aerosol injection works on the same principle. Aerosols in the clouds reflect sunlight and cool the earth. And it's a well known fact among climate scientists that volcanic eruptions can in fact cool the global temperature let alone the regional temperatures. one such example is the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991 in philippines caused a drop of 0.5 C in global temperatures,
I think it’s also related to the concept of “nuclear winter” after a nuclear war.
it also happened after the Krakatoa eurption in 1883 which dropped the global average temperature by 1.2 °C
That seems more logical
15:57 The thing about Venus is that it has had billions of years to heat up.
The Sun only barely heats the surface, as can be seen from the night and day sides being almost the same temperature.
The Earth would not be in the same situation in the short term. Similar events have happened in real life, such as the 1816 year without a summer caused by the 1815 Tambora eruption.
I am in no way an expert, but here are my thoughts:
Greenhouse gasses have little to do with the sun. But rather preventing the earth from radiating heat outwards to space. But since the same goes for incoming sunlight, this alone doesn't cause a rise in temperature. (Or in other words: insulation works both ways)
So my idea is that earth's OWN internal geothermal heat is (somewhat slowly) heating up the air/ground. Wich no longer cools itself like it used to due to the greenhouse gasses.
But even if this theory is correct (it probably isn't). This wouldn't matter much, since it remains: "Greenhouse gasses cause global warming". Just with a different method/perspective.
@@suddeneevee9441 The reason why greenhouse gases work is because they are transparent in the visible part of the spectrum, aka the light that the Sun mostly emits, but they absorb in the infrared part of the spectrum, aka the part that the Earth emits due to black body radiation.
@@tonydai782 Oh yeah, I completely forgot to account for different 'types' of light being received/emitted. That would be a good reason for the gasses to work differently for inward and outward heat/energy flows.
You're out of your mind if you think it NEEDS billions of years to settle into a certain steady state temperature. Do you know why August is the hottest month even though the summer solstice is on June 20? Because the ground holds onto the heat so the time delay causes a phase shift of about 50 days. The thermal time constant however is nowhere near billions of years.
@@suddeneevee9441 That is literally what the greenhouse effect is. If you didn't understand that very simple concept then you literally knew nothing about it. The sun glows at a blackbody temperature of 5800 kelvin, and the Earth glows at 300 kelvin. Everything glows like the sun, at a frequency distribution characteristic of its temperature, the only reason some things don't appear to be glowing is because the frequencies of electromagnetic radiation they are emitting are ones you can't see.
Physics pedantry: The red giant phase won’t make the sun more “massive”, it will merely increase its circumference by a lot.
I dont think people really think that it gets more mass. Being more massive is used in this case as a synonim for bigger not necessarly meaning heavier. Even though word massive stems from the word mass.
Similarly, the sun collapsing into a black hole wouldn't change our orbit.
@@michaczarnocki181 that's why he called it pedantry
I was about t write that second he said it. Where would he get new mass from? Lol;(
Why bring his race into it? Just because he’s aboriginal doesn’t mean he can’t be in a scientific field?
15:50 This is a bit wrong, we have documented the effect volcanoes have on the climate, and aerosols in general. They counteract the warming from greenhouse gases partially. Unlike aerosols, CO2-equivalents only grab infrared, thus not reflecting much.
ah,yea.I remember when mount pinatubo(Big terrifying volcano from the Philippines that eruped in June 15,1991) exploded the world cooled down a bit for a while
My mans just casually forgot about the year without a summer, SMH my head.
I’ve heard scientists say a full moon has no effect on human behavior but they have likely never worked in an emergency department of a hospital during one. Let’s just say, shit gets weirder than usual.
Was going to say the exact same. Almost always double the amount of people show up and all of them are weird. It's why the word 'Lunatic' exists!
@@BlazeDeval The other times I saw it busier than normal, with less lunacy, were holidays and during the off-season when re-runs dominated TV. This was back before Netflix went streaming, but even now there is a certain segment of society that can’t afford it. Typically holidays would bring people that were lonely, wanted an excuse to not be with their family, wanted doctor excuse to be off work post-holiday, and the “this has been bothering me for a while but there’s nothing on TV to take my mind off of it, so I thought it would be a good time to come it” crowd.
One of my personal favorites was the “I have a toothache so I put some cocaine on it and now my heart is racing” patient. He was a dick and wanted to argue about the tests and x-rays ordered for him…in the ED he brought himself to. It was the closest I ever got to knocking a patient the fuck out. Patients like him cause apathetic hospital workers, which is bad for the workers and worse for genuine patients. Luckily, I only had to x-ray his chest so my contact was shorter than the RN or PCT.
If anyone reading this has experienced an apathetic emergency DR, RN, or XR, the reason is more than likely from having too many “patients” that don’t belong there, are uncooperative, and take attention or resources away from the actual patients in need. Rarely, it can be chalked up to a “bad day.” Most good healthcare workers can compartmentalize and show their “happy” face for their patients.
yep it is pure lunacy to deny it's effect
this man is the most Gigachad looking physicist i ever seen...
If i meet him irl i would think he is a PE teacher or an MMA enthusiastic
You have yourself a new affiliate, my friend!!
I love the idea and think it will be successful !!
Let's go get it!!
Dylan, please react to The Expanse, it's an amazing series that's one of the most scientifically accurate
The expanse is so amazing with some great physics, that would make a great video
Yes, that would be great. I'd like his thoughts on the Epstein drive
Sad the show got cancelled and probably won’t continue.. Also sad that Cas Anvar decided to ruin his career.
@@KSM2026 was and probably still is my fav character. too bad about the incident though
@@KSM2026 if there was a new season, new actors would probably be cast because it takes place 30 years later
This would be a great idea for a movie with the twist ending of everyone waiting for the moon to hit only for it to be destroyed before their eyes and met with a beautiful site rather than death. It would seem like an act of god for anyone who doesn’t understand the physics of it.
That almost the premise of a movie called Moon Fall but leter in the movie he gets wierd
What shape must a reflector be in order to reflect from any angle. Answer is square XD having a perfect right angle that's reflective off both sides will always give a reflection back to the observer. If you look at yourself in a cornered mirror, doesn't matter where you move, your reflection stays in the corner.
The sum of the included angles will always end up being 180degrees.
would have thought the answer is actually just a sphere/ball .... a sphere always has a perpendicular angle towords oncoming photons no matter what direction on a micro scale, its why a shiny mirror ball you can see your face in straight on no matter how you turn it, then again thinking about it, that requires you hit it direct in its center, if you aim the laser on its side it will reflect to its side hmm
to the point where you said at around 15:56 the earth would cool a lot and turn very snowy, it takes a while for those photons to actually get through and because the clouds would eventually dissipate this means that earth would never become like Venus because it takes too long and this is only very temporary.
Happy belated birthday to my favorite aussie "science teacher" !
I come to learn but I stay for the good vibes 🙌😁
happy birthday! one of the most inspiring channels out here!
Magic thing left on Moon to measure distance to Earth is retroreflector plate.
Set of 3 mirrors placed perpendicularly to each other (like 3 walls of cube seen from inside), so any light falling on it will be reflected exactly in same direction it was coming from.
If you want to see example of it then any road sign is coated with similar layer or bike reflectors are similarly made.
would have thought its just a sphere, as spheres reflect photons back regardless of orientation, then again thinking about it, that requires you hit it direct in its center, if you aim the laser on its side it will reflect to its side hmm
Volcanic ash and dust particles from that would reflect the light, CO2 changes frequency of light and it can keep bouncing it inside. Ash would just yeet it back to space.
CO2 absorbs visible light -> IR light -> keep bouncing it inside, volcanic ash -> reflect and yeet back to space
So pretty much if you can absorb visible light and covert it to infrared then greenhouse effects kick in.
"When Mercury's in Gatorade" 🤣🤣🤣
That completely got me off guard, I am totally using that the next time a Nurse tries to blame patient behavior on the full moon.
great vid, god i love the kurzgesagt channel, just gold nuggets of information
I’m just glad to know I’m not the only one who hums along to their intro
I haven't ever bought ANYTHING from any person's ads or their projects but I will support you with this soon
Just found this channel. Happy to see Gigachad doing physics videos!
What the hell. I have not seen a video suggestion for you in months. And I did originally click the bell. Time to binge baby.
Kurzgesagt is a great channel keep making great reactions from them.
Yet, the reaction wasn't great. Basically agreed with everything, except when he was wrong, or felt like complicating stuff. I'll stick to the original, than you very much. Generated a lot of views from the Kurtzgesagt (might wanna listen to the audio on a translator site) crowd, though, so definately worthwhile (for him).
The volcanoes will create ash-filled clouds that would be super reflective. Tons of cooling gases essentially. Venus has specifically a CO2 problem, but volcanic smoke and ash will be super reflective. So anything that gets retained would be counteracted and superseded by the reflective effect of the gases/aerosols. Didn't some studies estimate the cooling effect some volcanoes could have (like Yellowstone's) if they erupted?
Hmm on your point earlier in the video about the moon colliding with Earth in 65 billion years ago...not sure where you read that from. It was my understanding that the moon is actually getting further away and eventually will become tidally locked with the Earth. (which means Moon will always be on the same side of Earth as it rotates). That as I recall will happen long after the Sun dies so maybe that's what you meant? Or perhaps Moon's orbit getting smaller doesn't happen until after it becomes tidally locked and tidal forces with Sun/Jupiter slowly pushes it closer? If so that's something I didn't know about until now. :P
EDIT: Actually there is a movie that sorta covers this. It was called Moonfall. Came out 2020/2021 I think. Forget exactly but the moon suddenly gets closer. Though the movie sorta spins off into hollow moon conspiracies and aliens so things get a little ... different near the end. Moon starts clipping mountains before the heroes save the day. :P
Volcanic aerosols are quite different from greenhouse gases in their effect on the radiative balance. Volcanic eruptions which are powerful enough to send ash and sulfurous aerosols into the stratosphere (I presume in this dramatic case) would indeed be cooling by preventing the solar radiation from reaching the earth's surface. Even if there were more greenhouse gases in the troposphere, there would be way less infrared radiation to trap. There is real life natural history to back up the idea that volcanic eruptions are cooling when the ejecta reaches the stratosphere. This happened after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and after the eruptions of Tambora in Indonesia in 1815 and Krakatoa of 1883 the following summers were cold enough to cause widespread agricultural failures.
If only the directors or producers of Moofall just watched this video we might have had a cool movie 😂😂😂
Great video with much useful insight.
You're incorrect about the warming. Extended periods of vulcanism in earth's history have always led to cooling.
4:05 that isn’t true. The moon is actually getting further away; eventually the moon will get far enough away that it’ll ping off into space but the sun will be long dead by then.
The thing about the volcanic clouds leading to global cooling is actually a thing that has occurred in the past - there are written records of it. Mount Tambora, in Indonesia, erupted back in 1816 and caused a global cooling event as a result - the year post it erupting is called "the year without summer"
Your jokes at 8:37 really works to me. Dunno why... LOL
Love these vids 👌👌👌
But what would happen if some super fast alien flew through the moon and broke half of it, i'd assume one of the most notable things would be the tides would shrink, and the moon looks very different in the sky.
The next thing that would happen is that the alien would challenge a bunch of high schoolers to kill him.
your channel is in my recommendations!
1. Don't move the moon. Got it.
2. This will make a good movie!
Actually the reason we had global warming until 2016 was partially due to reduced cloud coverage. So an increase in coverage decreases the temperature, because less heat can reach the ground. The analogy with Venus is flawed, because that planet has amuch denser atmosphere, that is mostly made out of CO2 with thick clouds out of sulfuric acid blocking the sun. It is also closer to the sun, so it receives even more energy which is why it is so hot. Co2 levels on earth are 0.042% which decresed from 0.7% 500 million years ago. Most of that carbon is now in rock formations. We can't ever get to 1%. And cloud coverage is more likely to get us a snowball earth than a hothouse earth. It was hot on earth most of the time with 55.8 million years with the Eocene Thermal maximum at the end, where the earth cooled from +32°C to 15°C today with 10°C in the ice ages.
2:30 Ah yes The time honored art of throwing yourself at the ground and missing. After 30 years I still use the Hitchhiker's Guide to Orbital Mechanics and Flying. Side note, I was under the impression the Moon is presently on a path of omission, getting 3 cm further away per year?
I thought I heard that the moon was moving AWAY at 3cm a year as well
I think the issue with volcanic clouds vs greenhouse gasses and water vapor is the ratio of how much they increase the albedo, and what wavelengths of light they most effectively trap. GHG trap infrared wavelengths very effectively while letting higher wavelength energy from the sun through - these high wavelength photons hit the the ground, heating it up, and are then mostly re-radiated as infrared, which is trapped.
IIRC, volcanic ash with its large particle sizes is more reflective in those higher wavelengths, and thus actually keep photons out altogether, reflecting most sunlight back into space - yes some makes it through and are trapped, but not as many as are deflected, so the overall temperature starts to drop.
Happy birthday!! 🎉💖 Thank you for another fascinating video!
I think you're mistaken about the Moon "eventually colliding with the Earth." The moon isn't getting closer, it's getting further away. The final configuration should consist of a tidally locked Earth and Moon, where the Moon has a higher orbit that is geosynchronous with one spot on Earth.
Or I don't know. Maybe you're right and NASA is wrong. Could be.
solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/in-depth/#:~:text=Size%20and%20Distance,-With%20a%20radius&text=The%20Moon%20is%20an%20average,inch%20farther%20away%20each%20year.
On a positive note, saves me from wasting my time with the rest of the video. Thanks!
I think the blocking, suddenly drops but if left for a long time will slowly heat up as more and more photons are trapped, but the time scale means it will most likely suddenly drop, and everything is over before global warming takes effect.
Not sure what Dylan Dance adds to an otherwise interesting question answered by kurzesagt.
Not mich besides ego
The bit at the end where he said he was waiting to see if Kurzgesagt would show the moon be torn apart sums it up.
He's just looking for thing to complain about or excuses to go on unrelated tangents.
And he can't even be right, like how he says the ash clouds would raise temperatures without bothering to check it out himself.
Kurzgesagt does their research, this guy doesn't
i never noticed how nice this mans jawline is until i saw the thumbnail for this video, god damn
also late happy birthday 🎉
7:47.
Actually difference of the size of the moon in the zenith vs near horizon is not that big. In the video you said difference of 50 000km. But Earth radius is only 6370km, which is distance difference when moon is low vs high.
Just about 1.6% difference, measurable but not noticeable to humans.
But moon orbit isn't circle, it ellipse and its distance varies between 363 000km to 405 000km, about 40 000km difference.
If 2 effects combine just right, you get ~50 000km of distance difference between moon at it closest or furthest away, but most of it is due to shape of the orbit, and not due to orientation of the earth as claimed.
Imagine an "Australian" trying to convince you the moon landing is real 🤣
volcanic ash works different from co2, in co2 the light can still enter, allowing earth to warm, with volcanic ash the light is repelled, it still reduces heat loss from earth but doesn't let any heat in, like placing a thermos of water in a freezer its less global warming rather 'global insulation'
That jawline is sharp.
Happy birthday my dude!
In Hawaii when the moon is full very shortly after jellyfish show up all over the shore the Portuguese man of water is everywhere it's a weird phenomenon.
i literally burst laughing at the idea of smacking moon with baseball bat and causing i to immediately turn 90 degrees and hit earth
The reason the earth will cool under extreme volcanic eruptions is because ash is really good at reflecting visible wavelengths. Which decreases the amount of heat reaching the planet significantly. While CO2 is mostly good at stopping infrared heat. Which traps heat from the ground while still allowing a decent amount through from the sun. Venus is so hot because it lost its oceans and therefore the ability to remove CO2 from the atmosphere over geologic time. This lead to many earth atmospheres of buildup which caused the runaway greenhouse effect.
I think the scariest impacts from this scenario would be the damage to ecosystems. Huge erosion and salting of every land habitat along with near total destruction of marine habitats on the continental shelf (aka almost all life on the planet). The oceans may recover but, a lot of diversity of land ecosystems might never (on human scales) recover if a lot of plants can't cope with salt and poor/no soil.
Sir, how well learned you are smart and wise, amazing video!
Side note: your voice is super charming you should consider voice acting, and so handsome:3
8:15 ive seen this before there the exact same size, its just my brain sees the bigger circles on the left and says "oh i guess the left one is smaller then the right one" weird
Will you make a video teaching us undergraduate astrophysics?
8:30 i've seen this potical illusion before its really cool
I think OBS is really stressing out your GPU or CPU, the recording is a lil choppy. But this has been a year ago, i guess you upgraded?
Ngl, seeing rings in the night sky from Earth would look pretty badass.
Damn happy birthday 🎁!
You should definitely watch the video he did on the Dark Forest Theory! (why we shouldn't contact aliens)
Was a cool idea. Now that we could see ourselves from over 100LY away with webb... makes it kind of silly. Anyone who could kill us would have seen us already (by us I mean our planet's atmosphere). Which they could then see had life.
Happy Birthday Sir, all the best on your special day!🎁🎉🎈🎊🎂
Alternative title: Gigachad reacting to Kurzgesagt
I originally came for the scenery but I have stayed for the science. Thanks for helping me not feel so dumb sometimes. Hope you had a safe and gentle Happy Happy Day!!
"This would make a great movie"
Roland Emmerich: Gotcha covered!
Everyone else: (groans and facepalms) No. No it will not.
The whole world could be flooding and I'd still be expected to go into work.
When you said Australia is lucky were in the middle of a plate and rarely have earth quakes, we have had 3 earth quakes in nsw in just the last year or 2, because there is a faultline in our plate that stretches from victoria to queensland through the blue mountain ranges , if memory serves me right? Then it is the longest land based faultline on earth...
Was it fatal???
1:00
"Sign up to obtain protection that i havent yet made from a thing that does not exist."
Well golly gosh, why wouldnt i!
The theory actually made it into a Movie by Roland Emmerich. „Moonfall“. Some inconsistencies with reality, but fun to watch (:
Can you do a series where you talk about everything you know about every planet in our solar system!?
Currently, the moon is evading earth. The distance between the moon and earth increases by 4 cm every year. Which means that we eventually won't have total eclipses any more.
the right one looks bigger, as in the one with the smaller circles surrounding it, in comparison to itself
Kurzgesagt promoting Brilliant: ❌
Dylan promoting Brilliant: ✅
Love the channel. Remember when you wore glasses!?
"Don't worry Elon Must will save us with Startlink" as the moon breaks apart and Starlink is just more debris in Earth's new gorgeous ring 😂
*"What's going on you bunch of filthy animals"*
Aight bro best intro ever
question : which circle looks bigger?
me : the right one...
Sitting here in Canada drinking Gatorade. "Yeah I think so"
I thought the moon was getting further away from the earth due to tidal interactions so how will the moon fall back in again?
"The earth and the moon will collide"... I mean what the actual fudge? He might know something we don't, but that sounds like a red flag to me.
EDIT: actually he clarifies that a bit later. Not the first time I reacted too fast :p
6:26
I believe it's a bit misleading to say that the Moon and Earth should collide in the far future. There are too many unknowns still.
I believe the idea of the Moon falling back towards Earth is because of the tidal forces starting to disappear once the Sun starts swelling while entering its red giant stage.
But then again, the assumption that nothing else would influence the Earth-Moon system externally for the coming 65 billion years seems a little far-fetched... Just because it has been fine for the past 4.5 billion years doesn't mean that it will stay that way. The Sun's red giant stage might swallow the Earth, a passing star might fling the Earth out of orbit, the Andromeda-Milkyway collision might have an influence, etc. On this scale, even the Universe itself is quite young for being "only" 13.8 billion years old. :')
Yooo Happy B-Day!! 🎉🍰
I always thought the moon was on a escape trajectory, ig thinking about it now it makes sense that it will eventually slow down
No, it's moving away from Earth. Nothing to slow it down.
Just recently started watching you about 2 weeks ago & I’m a huge fan now. You should react to Brian Cox, I’m a big fan of him too & love hearing him talk about the universe & laws &etc 👍🏼
i think something they forgot to mention is that its likely the rings left may eventually collapse into another moon given they dont all fall into earth.
All I can think about now is is a rick and Morty episode where just this.👾
Like as a vacation
bro looks like joe from family guy with maxed out stats in the thumbnail 💀
I'm in the middle of a plate. We get earthquakes where I live bc faults sucks everywhere.
Happy late birthday!
6:20 basically saying "The reason for the moon to fall inword is because it is tidally locked" is a bit short of an explaination... To the extent the moon-earth system does not have external injection of angular momentum, once it's tidally locked the moon will stop getting far. Conversely, in order for the moon to get closer in the future, it should transfer angular momentum... either to the Earth, that should then spin faster again, but this is not possible, or to other solar system bodies, or via gravitational waves.
4:00 I thought the moon was drifting away from Earth at a rate of 3.78cm per year?
It is. He just made a mistake.
He specifically talks about this.
When the moons orbital period matches the length of the earth's day and they become tidally locked the process reverses and the moon will start to lose altitude.
To say it more straight forward than he did, the moons increase in orbit comes from tidal forces that allow the moon to take energy from the earths rotational speed, making days longer and the orbit higher.
When there are no more tidal forces this will stop and the mood will start to lose altitude.
@@thecowilsoninc4175 Yes the moon is tidally locked to the earth.
It however does rotate, once every 27 days the same as its orbital period.
Since its orbital radius is increasing the rotational rate of the moon is slowing as well, since the orbital rate slows as it gets higher.
if you look just right to the big dot, and cross your vision it looks the same, removing the optical illusion unfortunately, you cannot do this with the moon.
you dont need a vpn for a quantum computer, it is one of the safest computers of all time because of quantum entanglement
Happy birthday!!
Both circles in the middle are the same exact size
Me freezing at "We actually found out that the moon will collide with earth" "but it will take billions of years" me: oh, phew.." the sun will loose it's fuel faster and will eat us" me o.o!
"It would be a great movie"... and the you have MOON FALL
my boi had 2 sponsorships nice
5:01 Assuming our evolutionary descendants are around by that time and they know that the earth existed it's probable that after the Earth is destroyed it becomes a sort of place of pilgrimage for our descendants. I imagine that this is an unlikely scenario but it's still interesting to consider.
please watch "Why We Should NOT Look For Aliens - The Dark Forest" next
The moon is not falling sideways around Earth. The moon is traveling in a straight line through curved spacetime because of the planet Earth.
Standard SSL Encryption currently would take over 100 years to break so unless you know the exact key 🔑 🔐 there’s no chance of breaking through in a standard lifetime, quantum computers would take 12 years to break that encryption cause they can process information more efficiently and effectively cause a quantum bit is always in a superposition of 2 states of 0 and 1 until observation, however quantum encryption is almost impossible to tamper with without someone finding out.