@startalk is the point of maximum speed the speed at the lowest point on the roller coster or the speed at the lowest point of the longest steepest side of the roller coaster? I hope I get an answer
35 years ago, my late mom (who by all accounts was a wonderful physics teacher) tried to explain to my seventh grade brain the interplay between the potential energy and the kinetic energy of an object in free fall that started at rest. 35 years on, I finally understand what she was talking about!! 😲🤯 Thank you Neil & Chuck!!
@@mikethompson7132 still any scientific information no matter if he googled it or not is great information, please don’t tell me your one of those types who hate that a “black” person is more intellectually inclined than they are, I mean come on it’s 2022, we have the human G gnome project and so much more to put petty biases to rest
The constant swapping of kinetic and potential energy was one of my most favourite subjects when learning physics. And it all had to be conserved. No energy could be introduced and none could be subtracted without a cause. I take a plate, I put it on a shelf, the plate has now earned potential energy that I gave it from the very act of putting it on the shelf. I.e, the energy I spent putting the plate on the shelf is now inherited by the plate as potential energy.
@@clairebury5821 Thanks for you comment. I am not really sure how it relates to my point tho. Weight, shape, distance traveled, even altitude can be of any variable. thx again.
It's interesting to me because as a physics major, when Neil asked the question "why things break when they fall?" I immediately thought of what happens in the molecular perspective and how energy is transfered within that realm. It might be a simple answer to the question if we think of it in a macroscopic aspect for a non-physics person but for physicsits, when these questions are brought up, the best way to understand the phenomenon, is to dive deep into the microscopic or quantum realm to know exactly what and why the plate breaks.
To calculate the force needed to break something, do you multiply the force needed to break two molecules to the total number of molecules in the object? That would mean, the bigger the object, the stronger the force needed. But we know that the strength of a material does not increase with the size of the object, it stays the same.
@@animus_loci the bigger the object, the larger the mass, the larger the potential energy when on the shelf, the larger the kinetic energy when it hits the floor. These calculations are therefore best done per unit of mass.
@@animus_loci that's a great question, we can calculate the binding energy of the plate as a sum of all molecular binds that create the plate but that doesn't necessarily mean that we need that much Joules to break the plate. The important factor is, the point of contact (point of collision) that the plate makes with the ground is what we need to look into. If the kinetic energy overcomes the local binding energy of the plate at the point of contact then the plate will break (or bend if it's plastic) in my opinion. It doesn't necessarily need to overcome the whole binding energy of the plate. But I could be wrong, I didn't put too much thought into this.
This was fascinating to hear a concept that we all think we know so well explained scientifically to make us go “Oooohhh! Wow. That’s the real reason it occurs, fully explained!” Thanks for sharing your thoughts on this, Neil! Funny commentary, Chuck!!
Hearing Neil talk about things gaining energy the more time it has to fall has me thinking we 100% should have a terminal velocity video!!!!!! Neil has briefly touched the topic on his “What goes up” video.
I'm so happy that I found this video today. It not only applies to what I've been doing in my physics course but also to a conversation I had with my friend this past weekend. I was going on about potential and kinetic energy and he told me a story about when he was in high school and they were being introduced to it. His friend had asked the teacher if something sitting at the edge of the desk had potential energy...she laughed at him and said "no, that's something else entirely" and he was always confused about that. Thank you for the fantastic video, I especially enjoyed the cat meme bit.
🤓I never thought that by loading dishes on the shelf, I was also loading them with potential kinetic energy.👍🏿💯👍🏿 💡Great explainer to help keep thinking about physics in an every day practical way.🎯
I think you do understand the concepts but made a little mistake in the labels. Every kind of potential energy is not kinetic energy, and vice versa: every kind of kinetic energy is not a potential energy. So, whenever you raise any object you're loading them with potential gravitational energy. And when it's free to fall, the gravity becomes effective and starts converting that potential energy into kinetic energy i.e. pulls that object downward thereby accelerating and giving it speed and that speed is how we observe the kinetic energy of that object.
@@ayoelufisan6275 shows how little you know, Mr. Wannahammer.👈🏿 💯Interesting fact, Black holes aren't actually Black holes until Black men are in them and after that, there is no going back. And I say this as a loving and concerned Black man.👉🏿😎👍🏿
No no no ... you are NOT putting potential energy into the plates. The potential energy is said to be in the gravitational field --- Neil should have made this point much clearer. Think of putting a projectile into a spring loaded gun. The potential energy is in the spring, not the projectile. Also, remember that kinetic energy is a relative term. It can only be measured relative to something else, like in this case the floor. When you're in a car going 60 mph your kinetic energy to others in the car is basically 0 ... but to someone on the side of the road it's much, much greater should you jump out and hit them.
@@Apollorion No no no ... you are NOT putting potential energy into the plates. The potential energy is said to be in the gravitational field --- Neil should have made this point much clearer. Think of putting a projectile into a spring loaded gun. The potential energy is in the spring, not the projectile. Also, remember that kinetic energy is a relative term. It can only be measured relative to something else, like in this case the floor. When you're in a car going 60 mph your kinetic energy to others in the car is basically 0 ... but to someone on the side of the road it's much, much greater should you jump out and hit them.
Outstanding educational episode. Well done Gentleman. Side note: Lord Nice is "The Worlds GREATEST comedic talent and American Lord Dr. Tyson is the world's GREATEST teacher/professor/instructor "Thank you for making science fun"
that explanation of potential and kinetic energy was amazing. wish i had teachers like ndt in my early school days… would have taken science more seriously.
WireDawg Tukansam Question: With regards to the Big Bang and Multiverse Theories - is there a possibility that we are actual witnessing the effect of two universes merging vs the expansion of a single universe?
2 questions: 1- why doesn't break when falls on a soft surface 2- why plastic plate with lower bounding energy doesn't break or rubber / elastic one? Thanks
1. Soft surfaces absorb the kinetic energy from that thing which falls down. 2. Elastic or rubber plate doesn't break as it uses that energy for elasticity as Neil mentioned in 10:38
@@abhilash_p yeah I wasn't patient and saw he explains it too, but about the surface, I mean, what happens to that energy? Does it concert to heat? If yes, then let's say what if instead of a plate a piano falls from 10th floor or a truck from a bridge, can we really feel some heat in the impact area? (Which is not the product of friction)
@@aariapoor I would say the energy could be absorbed completely by the Soft surface or like in case of a trampoline when you fall on it, it will absorb some due to elasticity and the rest will transfer to you. Heat might be generated due to friction but I think it would depend on what material that surface is made up of.
I just had an epiphany. When you freeze an object, like a fruit, that normally wouldn't break into pieces when it falls. The energy holding the fruit together is taken away when you freeze it in liquid nitrogen. So, it takes far less energy to shatter into pieces.
That’s not what happens. The binding energy is unrelated to temperature. What happens is that at room temperature, the fruit will behave plastically when it hits the ground, meaning the energy of the impact, instead of going into the intermolecular bonds, goes towards permanently deforming the structure by moving some of it relative to the rest, which converts the energy into heat. Below a certain temperature the fruit will become brittle and such plastic deformations can’t happen. It is then that the impact energy has no other easy path to take and has to go straight to the intermolecular bonds and break them.
I suppose the ability of individual molecules to move while maintaining their bond is the difference between flexible and brittle. Does physics have an explanation for the fundamental difference between the two kinds of bonds? Are they different at all? And if not what else constitutes their different properties?
Size, shape and composition of the molecules (i.e. which (type of) atoms are within the material) gives some good beginnings on predicting on how flexible or brittle a material will be, together with knowledge of the electromagnetism and quantum-mechanics as well as well already known examples such as plastics, salts, metals, gases etc. And an expert to do such a prediction is usually a chemist.
It's not just about the small pieces. Safety glass stays together because it is actually two layers of glass with a layer of plastic in between. I've seen entire windshields shattered and still completely in their original position.
Hi im from the UK, its the first i ever commented, i only started to watch your videos a short while ago. I love the videos and work, you guys have me laughing alot. Stay humble guys 💚😁
That's why you have someone else put the dishes away, so it's their fault when the dish falls from the shelf as they provided the gravitational potential energy to the plate.
that makes me think of when people fall from high places and dont break anything. is there a way to create more energy holding yourself together at the time of impacting the ground so you dont get as hurt as you could? bracing yourself or tightening your body somehow?
I think that if you contract your muscles you become more "plastic" in deformation and brake. If you relax, you are more elastic and also absorb the shock more spread out.
If you contract your muscles you put more strain on the spots that connect those muscles to the bones, it's like you add to the kinetic energy - so the bone breaks more easily. That's why drunk people have less broken bones - alcohol loosens that muscle tension :)
@@Etopirynka do you think people who skydive with a failed parachute and live accept whats happening and relax enough to soften the landing? thats what i was thinking of when i asked the original question.
I like Chuck because he is so unafraid to comment and ask. I live in a country where the educational system makes children and teachers memorize facts and not test it. ❤ I like Neil because he makes science cool, and because he has the clarity, sanity, patience and humor to do it.
Fascinating concept, but Neil forgot to put into perceptive of the surface it's falls onto.. for example, If it falls onto a thick rug or soft surface, regardless of the kinetic energy, it doesn't break.
When I was a kid my mom had plates that were "unbreakable" under normal use. When she told me that I told my friends and they wanted to see. So I took one outside and threw it on the sidewalk. It broke. If I would have just dropped it it would have been fine. Since I actively threw it I gave it more gravitational potential energy. Thanks Neil! And Chuck your story reminded me of that because it was the same thing. Especially since I told my mom I was testing it and it failed lol.
Love it! Can you guys possibly do an explainer on waves? I went to the ocean recently and the energy of waves and speed of it all really interested me! Would love to hear about it
@@439sparky1 lol thanks… but I was looking for more of the physics. Plus you have boats and large sea animals and tides all contributing a lot, lot more than the wind
@@439sparky1 lol thanks… but I was looking for more of the physics. Plus you have boats and large sea animals and tides all contributing a lot, lot more than the wind
Nice explanation. I think the video though should include one additional segment explaining why only parts of the plate break and which parts those could be.
Question. How do you know exactly when the plate hits the ground? If you measure with a timer you can always add a zero to the time the plate hits the ground. In other words you can be satisfied with 10 seconds but you can keep going forever if you want to be super precise. Just keep adding fractions 9.9999999999999987883.... seconds . Therefore the time It takes for the plate to hit the floor is infinite. Right?
This is fascinating to think about and to learn about. A thinker for you, Why can't we just weld stuff by pushing it together? Why do we need heat to weld?
😂✅🥳 I like 👍 the saying because it’s good events are in my favor. A week ago up an Adam for the day I have a Hairbrush hanging on a nail above my 🧼 soap bar dish at my bathroom shaving 🪒 & wash sink 👏 🤤😴 Naturally drowsy my brush falls straight into my soap 🧼 Dish below it broke a porcelain type ceramic type a shape of a lady who is playing a little guitar or, Cello, type violin 🎻. Natural it broke up not completely broke I can repair it however would I want too? Because this is a common area for new events to come 🍀 So much excitement to share
Many years ago when I was a kid, my parents bought new drinking glasses for the house that were "break resistant" I was amazed when my father pulled the first one out of the box and threw it at the floor and it didn't break. I guess after a couple years of running through the dishwasher changed its temper, when I thought I would show off to some friends and tried the same trick the glass shattered when it hit the floor.
Concentration of energy to one spot vs a larger surface area which can absorb the impact more equally, so it depends on if it strikes one point or over a greater surface area.
I have a question. The plate will have a equivalent kinetic energy when it falls on a piece of foam. If the plate does not break in that case, the energy isn't reflected back to the plate due to momentum? It's absorbed by the foam?
And what about resonance? You can break stuff with resonance (opera singer breaking glass with her voice for example) how does that work exactly? I know it’s because of the natural frequency and you can break something by playing the same frequency very loudly and because of resonance it will break but how does that work? I also want to ask this, let’s say a glass falls to the ground and it does not break after the first bounce to the ground but after the second bounce (because there wasn’t enough energy to break to bonds between the molecules after the first bounce) does that glass break after the second bounce because of the resonance amplifying the energy from the first bounce? Why can something break after the second fall to the ground? I have seen it multiple times in my life and I really want to know what the reason is. Maybe the first fall does some structural damage and makes tiny cracks in the glass (fault lines). The first fall didn’t have enough energy to break to bonds completely but it has reduces the total amount of energy needed to now break the glass completely and the second fall has enough energy to break it completely? That’s my reasoning but I’m not sure. I would love some input from someone else. I don’t really know how to explain my question better but I hope someone understands what I’m trying to ask over here 😅
the way the energy is dissipated when the object strikes the ground the first time depends on how which position the object struck the ground: there are strong points and weak points on an object: a bouncing object will first strike the ground on a strong, elastic point, converting the kinetic into elastic,, then back into kinetic again. on the second strike, the object hits the ground with a weak point, that is not elastic, or plastic, but brittle. The object does not deform slowly (plastic or elastic), but breaks.
Please make an episode about "we can't actually touch anything" too My question is: how dirt or any stain or paint (a part of another material) can stick on the surface of another thing. Do they actually float on their surface, because their athomes can't get even close to each other?
Im not an expert. But youtube dont get their questions answered, however my understanding is the the molecules that make up “dirt” have electrons that aren’t bound to anything….when it makes contact with your shirt….the unbound electrons on the shirt bind to the unbound electrons in the dirt. Picture a pane of glass, very flat surface on an atomic level…..no free floating electrons due to the shape of the molecule that makes up the glass, so nothing that cant modify the molecule of glass can stick to it. Not an expert, just a fan of science, i could be wrong, welcome to being corrected.
@@DMZGHOSTS thanks for your attention and reply, I'm not an expert either, but I think this doesn't go to the atomic level, and exchanging charges, because you can remove those paint or stain somewhat easily, I think it should be very similar to the friction. Although there's no real touching between materials, there's friction between them which is caused by the microscopic bumps and notches sliding on each other. Picture rubbing 2 hair brush against each other. Of course I'm not sure and that's why I asked the question. Everyone please let us know if you found out
@@Kuki_ogl thanks, yeah it attacked my mind last night, before this, I was wondering what is the sound when you hit 2 things, and my classmate explained that the impact on air caused by a wave of energy when the first row of atoms of a matter are pushing away / resist the other matters atoms (I don't know if I could deliver the meaning correctly, with my English)
@@aariapoor we use chemistry to break chemical binds, paint thinner breaks the bonds that the evaporation of water or oil out of the paint has created. Not sure how washing powder breaks binds, but a chemist would understand this better than a physicist.
You can scratch a plastic surface and leave a mark, essentially breaking molecule bonds just the same. But you probably can't scratch a ceramic bowl (which may also be chip-resistant), at least not as easily. That is due to the higher density of the bowl versus the lower density of plastic. But of course, a ceramic is easily breakable from falling for due to weaker molecular bonds. Paper can't be broken from falling, but can be easily torn. So there are many ways to break bonds, and some objects are more susceptible to certain ways than others.
Now I'm all like, " the crystal lattice structure fails at a given energy, but if the item is forged, and made of something having a stronger bond, it may not break. If, however, a previous impact has sundered some of the bonds, causing micro-fractures, then this impact may create a path, by which the entire structure can fail, based on the pattern of the crystal lattice, and how it is formed. The main structure will not fail, unless there are micro-fractures which create a pattern by which the entire crystal can be shattered. I wonder what the math looks like for the geometric path which needs to be present?
@startalk is the point of maximum speed the speed at the lowest point on the roller coster or the speed at the lowest point of the longest steepest side of the roller coaster? I hope I get an answer
Hi, an insightful debate that clarifies, when the potential=mgh on the mentioned example turns to K=1/2mv^2, this explanation reminded me of the classic physics at high school and the great time which I had at that time. I believe StarTalk can truly help not only have a deeper understanding of physics in our daily life but also will expand the public vision of the surrounding events by knowing its reason.
Yo I am doing a job shadowing at a telescope that catches gamma rays and would love if to learn a bit more about it in an upcoming vid Edit: the thing I want to learn more about is call vhe (very high energy) astronomy
Does a thing on the ground have no gravitational potential energy? What if you dig a hole under it? Does that add gravitational potential energy, or does it just always have it unless it's at the centre of the Earth?
That thought came to me as well. The best guess I can make is that there's always gravitational potential energy everywhere. Except in this case most of it is negligible. Which would suggest the force in the ground, or "floor," dissipates any energy coming from the mass of the plate. I have zero credibility here, so I welcome criticism.
There’s always potential energy until the object reaches the center of gravity. Imagine an object directly in the center of the earth. (Disregard the mantle) this object would be floating in place. However this if all relative. The earth itself is under the sway of even larger gravitational pulls. So if the sun. Even the entire galaxy. They all possess these energies
Hold up... But what happens to the lifting energy (the gravity potential energy) when the object gets pushed beyond the influence of the gravity (like past the solar system)? Is all that "pushed" energy lost somehow?
Heard the term “an object in motion stays in motion”? If the object escapes the suns gravity and is not under the influence of other astronomical bodies (although it’ll still be under the pull of the overall center of the galaxy) then that object maintains its kinetic energy indefinitely. Unless it eventually gets close enough to another object to influence it.
I think the greatest energy exhibit on a fall of the roller coaster is when the object is at rest into motion. It takes that amount of energy in kinetics to move an object by mass and more to accelerate it. So visually the greatest amount of energy exhibit is the low point, but by physics standard the greatest amount of energy created is at the pinnacle of a high point. Opinion on an objects change in vector with force versus the shift of gravity spectrum of force externally which gives you that G force feeling.
Because gravity is a constant so arguably without change in force the amount of energy never changes in the atmosphere there force stays simple to reason.
You know, you just gave me all the ammunition I need next time I break something. SMASH! "What was that? ... OMG what happened!? That was our wedding gift from Tom and Michelle!" "Well honey, you see, remember when you put that statue up there 30 years ago?" 😂
Next time you break something, blame it on kinetic energy!
*What’s Chuck’s last name❓*
I thought you'll say that the earth broke it because every object pulls every other object in the universe. Like Moon pulls Earth and vice versa.
@startalk is the point of maximum speed the speed at the lowest point on the roller coster or the speed at the lowest point of the longest steepest side of the roller coaster? I hope I get an answer
Basically when a child says "mom, something broke", he is right.
It’s cats
Chuck and Neil. Best podcast Duo ever.
True facts
Best smart/comedy combo
no cap
Without a doubt!
No doubt man !!!
Chuck is funny as heck! Makes it’s so more more fun to watch
35 years ago, my late mom (who by all accounts was a wonderful physics teacher) tried to explain to my seventh grade brain the interplay between the potential energy and the kinetic energy of an object in free fall that started at rest. 35 years on, I finally understand what she was talking about!! 😲🤯 Thank you Neil & Chuck!!
She wasn't a very good teacher then 😂😂 Jk
Or he was dumb
@@V_2077 Its also possible he was not a good student 35 yrs ago lol just kidding
Dr Tyson baffles me how he always has some information I was not yet aware of, love Neil & Chuck
dr Tyson has GOOGLE !!!!
@@mikethompson7132 still any scientific information no matter if he googled it or not is great information, please don’t tell me your one of those types who hate that a “black” person is more intellectually inclined than they are, I mean come on it’s 2022, we have the human G gnome project and so much more to put petty biases to rest
@@mikethompson7132 he IS google 😂😂
The constant swapping of kinetic and potential energy was one of my most favourite subjects when learning physics. And it all had to be conserved. No energy could be introduced and none could be subtracted without a cause. I take a plate, I put it on a shelf, the plate has now earned potential energy that I gave it from the very act of putting it on the shelf. I.e, the energy I spent putting the plate on the shelf is now inherited by the plate as potential energy.
Hm, the potential has to do with how high you put it and how much that plate weighs. But yes!
@@clairebury5821 I was just wondering how no one is considering the weight and how it affects this process!!! Thanks
@@clairebury5821 Thanks for you comment. I am not really sure how it relates to my point tho. Weight, shape, distance traveled, even altitude can be of any variable. thx again.
@@glitchinLife gravitational potential energy = mgh
m - mass
g - gravitational field
h - height
The plate does not have energy conservation. It doesn't sit there with more energy than it had just by picking it up and placing it down.
Everyone deserves a genius in their life. Thanks Neil and Chuck
Except Vladimir Putin, he doesn't deserve Doctor Neil in his life 😏
It's interesting to me because as a physics major, when Neil asked the question "why things break when they fall?" I immediately thought of what happens in the molecular perspective and how energy is transfered within that realm. It might be a simple answer to the question if we think of it in a macroscopic aspect for a non-physics person but for physicsits, when these questions are brought up, the best way to understand the phenomenon, is to dive deep into the microscopic or quantum realm to know exactly what and why the plate breaks.
To calculate the force needed to break something, do you multiply the force needed to break two molecules to the total number of molecules in the object? That would mean, the bigger the object, the stronger the force needed. But we know that the strength of a material does not increase with the size of the object, it stays the same.
@@animus_loci the bigger the object, the larger the mass, the larger the potential energy when on the shelf, the larger the kinetic energy when it hits the floor. These calculations are therefore best done per unit of mass.
@@dutchie265 why potential energy don't break the plate?
Thank you! This is what I thought. And then I was surprised not everyone thought/knows this.
@@animus_loci that's a great question, we can calculate the binding energy of the plate as a sum of all molecular binds that create the plate but that doesn't necessarily mean that we need that much Joules to break the plate. The important factor is, the point of contact (point of collision) that the plate makes with the ground is what we need to look into. If the kinetic energy overcomes the local binding energy of the plate at the point of contact then the plate will break (or bend if it's plastic) in my opinion. It doesn't necessarily need to overcome the whole binding energy of the plate. But I could be wrong, I didn't put too much thought into this.
Chuck and I had the same thought process when it came to this video. These videos just keep having me coming back. Love it.
This was fascinating to hear a concept that we all think we know so well explained scientifically to make us go “Oooohhh! Wow. That’s the real reason it occurs, fully explained!” Thanks for sharing your thoughts on this, Neil! Funny commentary, Chuck!!
Hearing Neil talk about things gaining energy the more time it has to fall has me thinking we 100% should have a terminal velocity video!!!!!! Neil has briefly touched the topic on his “What goes up” video.
"Kinetic".....Chuck all over it as usual. Keep it up gentleman, love your show.
Thanks!
I'm so happy that I found this video today. It not only applies to what I've been doing in my physics course but also to a conversation I had with my friend this past weekend. I was going on about potential and kinetic energy and he told me a story about when he was in high school and they were being introduced to it. His friend had asked the teacher if something sitting at the edge of the desk had potential energy...she laughed at him and said "no, that's something else entirely" and he was always confused about that. Thank you for the fantastic video, I especially enjoyed the cat meme bit.
Im addicted to this explainers. Love it
🤓I never thought that by loading dishes on the shelf, I was also loading them with potential kinetic energy.👍🏿💯👍🏿
💡Great explainer to help keep thinking about physics in an every day practical way.🎯
I think you do understand the concepts but made a little mistake in the labels.
Every kind of potential energy is not kinetic energy, and vice versa: every kind of kinetic energy is not a potential energy. So, whenever you raise any object you're loading them with potential gravitational energy. And when it's free to fall, the gravity becomes effective and starts converting that potential energy into kinetic energy i.e. pulls that object downward thereby accelerating and giving it speed and that speed is how we observe the kinetic energy of that object.
I believe it's gravitational energy instead, then mix with kinetic energy along the way.
@@ayoelufisan6275 shows how little you know, Mr. Wannahammer.👈🏿
💯Interesting fact, Black holes aren't actually Black holes until Black men are in them and after that, there is no going back. And I say this as a loving and concerned Black man.👉🏿😎👍🏿
No no no ... you are NOT putting potential energy into the plates. The potential energy is said to be in the gravitational field --- Neil should have made this point much clearer. Think of putting a projectile into a spring loaded gun. The potential energy is in the spring, not the projectile. Also, remember that kinetic energy is a relative term. It can only be measured relative to something else, like in this case the floor. When you're in a car going 60 mph your kinetic energy to others in the car is basically 0 ... but to someone on the side of the road it's much, much greater should you jump out and hit them.
@@Apollorion No no no ... you are NOT putting potential energy into the plates. The potential energy is said to be in the gravitational field --- Neil should have made this point much clearer. Think of putting a projectile into a spring loaded gun. The potential energy is in the spring, not the projectile. Also, remember that kinetic energy is a relative term. It can only be measured relative to something else, like in this case the floor. When you're in a car going 60 mph your kinetic energy to others in the car is basically 0 ... but to someone on the side of the road it's much, much greater should you jump out and hit them.
Whoever lives with the cat. You guys are so awesome. Thank you.
Outstanding educational episode. Well done Gentleman.
Side note: Lord Nice is "The Worlds GREATEST comedic talent and American Lord Dr. Tyson is the world's GREATEST teacher/professor/instructor
"Thank you for making science fun"
i love Neil for making a question that i never asked myself to sound so astonishing
Loved it, good edits.
I am love with this knowledge and comedy combination...lots of love from india...
I wish I had stuff like this easily accessible as a kid (RUclips). I would most likely be a scientist right now.
One of the only explainers where I knew the answers beforehand
Hello to the best duo in the world 👋🏾
that explanation of potential and kinetic energy was amazing. wish i had teachers like ndt in my early school days… would have taken science more seriously.
Beautiful explainer again!!!
Neil and Chuck! Yaay! The best ❤ together! I knew molecules held things together, but this explainer helps me understand more! Thanks guys! ❤
One of chucks best episodes, loved it guys ‼️‼️‼️‼️
This has been my question for a while, thank you!
Right before Chuck said a cat. That's exciting what I was thinking. Schrodinger is the cat owner. You guys are doing a GREAT job.👍👍👍❤️❤️❤️
Chuck is a must for this show.
WireDawg Tukansam Question: With regards to the Big Bang and Multiverse Theories - is there a possibility that we are actual witnessing the effect of two universes merging vs the expansion of a single universe?
2 questions:
1- why doesn't break when falls on a soft surface
2- why plastic plate with lower bounding energy doesn't break or rubber / elastic one?
Thanks
1. Soft surfaces absorb the kinetic energy from that thing which falls down.
2. Elastic or rubber plate doesn't break as it uses that energy for elasticity as Neil mentioned in 10:38
@@abhilash_p yeah I wasn't patient and saw he explains it too, but about the surface, I mean, what happens to that energy? Does it concert to heat? If yes, then let's say what if instead of a plate a piano falls from 10th floor or a truck from a bridge, can we really feel some heat in the impact area? (Which is not the product of friction)
@@aariapoor I would say the energy could be absorbed completely by the Soft surface or like in case of a trampoline when you fall on it, it will absorb some due to elasticity and the rest will transfer to you. Heat might be generated due to friction but I think it would depend on what material that surface is made up of.
@@aariapoor it converts back into elastic energy .
I just had an epiphany. When you freeze an object, like a fruit, that normally wouldn't break into pieces when it falls. The energy holding the fruit together is taken away when you freeze it in liquid nitrogen. So, it takes far less energy to shatter into pieces.
That’s not what happens. The binding energy is unrelated to temperature. What happens is that at room temperature, the fruit will behave plastically when it hits the ground, meaning the energy of the impact, instead of going into the intermolecular bonds, goes towards permanently deforming the structure by moving some of it relative to the rest, which converts the energy into heat.
Below a certain temperature the fruit will become brittle and such plastic deformations can’t happen. It is then that the impact energy has no other easy path to take and has to go straight to the intermolecular bonds and break them.
@@ASJC27 thanks for clarifying!
@@ThunderChasers my pleasure
I suppose the ability of individual molecules to move while maintaining their bond is the difference between flexible and brittle. Does physics have an explanation for the fundamental difference between the two kinds of bonds? Are they different at all? And if not what else constitutes their different properties?
Size, shape and composition of the molecules (i.e. which (type of) atoms are within the material) gives some good beginnings on predicting on how flexible or brittle a material will be, together with knowledge of the electromagnetism and quantum-mechanics as well as well already known examples such as plastics, salts, metals, gases etc. And an expert to do such a prediction is usually a chemist.
It's not just about the small pieces. Safety glass stays together because it is actually two layers of glass with a layer of plastic in between. I've seen entire windshields shattered and still completely in their original position.
Hi im from the UK, its the first i ever commented, i only started to watch your videos a short while ago.
I love the videos and work, you guys have me laughing alot.
Stay humble guys 💚😁
Very clearly explained. 👍
Cat: "Hello, Mr. Plate. I would like to introduce you to my friend, Gravity."
This has been illuminating
Awesome vid!
Super interesting subject as always,
Hilariousy brought up. I just love the combo of U guys 👍
That's why you have someone else put the dishes away, so it's their fault when the dish falls from the shelf as they provided the gravitational potential energy to the plate.
i just love chuck hes always makin me smile
I feel I am back to school. Great teaching!
that makes me think of when people fall from high places and dont break anything. is there a way to create more energy holding yourself together at the time of impacting the ground so you dont get as hurt as you could? bracing yourself or tightening your body somehow?
Children are less likely to break things when they fall because they don't tighten up the way grownups will.
I think that if you contract your muscles you become more "plastic" in deformation and brake. If you relax, you are more elastic and also absorb the shock more spread out.
If you contract your muscles you put more strain on the spots that connect those muscles to the bones, it's like you add to the kinetic energy - so the bone breaks more easily. That's why drunk people have less broken bones - alcohol loosens that muscle tension :)
@@Etopirynka do you think people who skydive with a failed parachute and live accept whats happening and relax enough to soften the landing? thats what i was thinking of when i asked the original question.
@@commentor2013 no idea, I never did any skydiving nor do I know anybody who did. Nice idea tho!
I love you guys!! Please please please don’t ever stop!!!❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
I like Chuck because he is so unafraid to comment and ask. I live in a country where the educational system makes children and teachers memorize facts and not test it. ❤ I like Neil because he makes science cool, and because he has the clarity, sanity, patience and humor to do it.
Chuck is going to become an honorary physicist if he absorbs this conversations
Sirrr please more of of these basic understanding thank youuu startalk
I love how much chuck makes neil laugh
Him right there, My favourite Astrophysicist ❤️
Fascinating concept, but Neil forgot to put into perceptive of the surface it's falls onto.. for example, If it falls onto a thick rug or soft surface, regardless of the kinetic energy, it doesn't break.
When I was a kid my mom had plates that were "unbreakable" under normal use. When she told me that I told my friends and they wanted to see. So I took one outside and threw it on the sidewalk. It broke. If I would have just dropped it it would have been fine. Since I actively threw it I gave it more gravitational potential energy. Thanks Neil!
And Chuck your story reminded me of that because it was the same thing. Especially since I told my mom I was testing it and it failed lol.
Chuck you are the best.
Love it!
Can you guys possibly do an explainer on waves? I went to the ocean recently and the energy of waves and speed of it all really interested me! Would love to hear about it
Wind blows -> wind touches water surface -> water surface moves in direction of wind -> more wind moves more water -> faster wind = higher waves
@@439sparky1 lol thanks… but I was looking for more of the physics. Plus you have boats and large sea animals and tides all contributing a lot, lot more than the wind
@@439sparky1 lol thanks… but I was looking for more of the physics. Plus you have boats and large sea animals and tides all contributing a lot, lot more than the wind
Nice explanation. I think the video though should include one additional segment explaining why only parts of the plate break and which parts those could be.
Would you like to expain what gravitational potential energy is, how and why is created
Question. How do you know exactly when the plate hits the ground? If you measure with a timer you can always add a zero to the time the plate hits the ground. In other words you can be satisfied with 10 seconds but you can keep going forever if you want to be super precise. Just keep adding fractions 9.9999999999999987883.... seconds . Therefore the time It takes for the plate to hit the floor is infinite. Right?
Also, on a molecular level, nothing ever actually touches each other.
This is fascinating to think about and to learn about. A thinker for you, Why can't we just weld stuff by pushing it together? Why do we need heat to weld?
Agreed Kinetic energy been recorded on time laps as the Rupert’s
Glass demonstration
😂✅🥳 I like 👍 the saying because it’s good events are in my favor. A week ago up an Adam for the day I have a Hairbrush hanging on a nail above my 🧼 soap bar dish at my bathroom shaving 🪒 & wash sink 👏 🤤😴
Naturally drowsy my brush falls straight into my soap 🧼
Dish below it broke a porcelain type ceramic type a shape of a lady who is playing a little guitar or, Cello, type violin 🎻. Natural it broke up not completely broke I can repair it however would I want too? Because this is a common area for new events to come
🍀
So much excitement to share
You guys have great 'chemistry'! Chuck is hilarious! Love these videos!
And I was thinking about the laws of entropy .... another lesson by Neil and Chuck ..
Many years ago when I was a kid, my parents bought new drinking glasses for the house that were "break resistant" I was amazed when my father pulled the first one out of the box and threw it at the floor and it didn't break. I guess after a couple years of running through the dishwasher changed its temper, when I thought I would show off to some friends and tried the same trick the glass shattered when it hit the floor.
The fate of every piece of glassware in existence
Thanks guys...you are always enlighteing and entertaining. LOVE the cat jokes...smiles.
Brilliant as always
I'm curious how sometimes a plate will survive a fall off of a counter, while a nearly identical plate does not survive the same fall.
Concentration of energy to one spot vs a larger surface area which can absorb the impact more equally, so it depends on if it strikes one point or over a greater surface area.
@@MrAviator101 if i may add, a previous drop, however minor, would also affect the durability of the plate.
It's not the same fall. Different spot, different angle, etc. Even the plates themselves, no two are exactly the same.
I have a question. The plate will have a equivalent kinetic energy when it falls on a piece of foam. If the plate does not break in that case, the energy isn't reflected back to the plate due to momentum? It's absorbed by the foam?
"It's your fault for putting it there in the 1st place " I wish knew this information as kid so I could use it against my brother
The energy bonds of what the plat hits is important.
Chuck Nice is hilarious, I've heard some of his standup and he does not quit making me laugh!
Scary username
Awesome, but please tell more about kinetic and gravitational potential energy. Is this really energy or just an analogy of theoretical energy?
In an equally valid frame of reference, planet Earth fell on the plate. No surprise, it broke.
Thank you teacher, for explaining it in a magical way, hmm best teacher ever 🏆
Love this podcast
I just cracked the screen on my phone yesterday. I knew how it happened. And now I know the why. Cool.
Never stop !!!
I love how Niel comes up with these random questions an average person would NEVER EVER think of!
You should do a follow-up on deceleration and inertia. What if the same plate fell from the same height but landed flat on a pillow?
And what about resonance? You can break stuff with resonance (opera singer breaking glass with her voice for example) how does that work exactly? I know it’s because of the natural frequency and you can break something by playing the same frequency very loudly and because of resonance it will break but how does that work?
I also want to ask this, let’s say a glass falls to the ground and it does not break after the first bounce to the ground but after the second bounce (because there wasn’t enough energy to break to bonds between the molecules after the first bounce) does that glass break after the second bounce because of the resonance amplifying the energy from the first bounce? Why can something break after the second fall to the ground? I have seen it multiple times in my life and I really want to know what the reason is.
Maybe the first fall does some structural damage and makes tiny cracks in the glass (fault lines). The first fall didn’t have enough energy to break to bonds completely but it has reduces the total amount of energy needed to now break the glass completely and the second fall has enough energy to break it completely? That’s my reasoning but I’m not sure. I would love some input from someone else.
I don’t really know how to explain my question better but I hope someone understands what I’m trying to ask over here 😅
the way the energy is dissipated when the object strikes the ground the first time depends on how which position the object struck the ground:
there are strong points and weak points on an object: a bouncing object will first strike the ground on a strong, elastic point, converting the kinetic into elastic,, then back into kinetic again.
on the second strike, the object hits the ground with a weak point, that is not elastic, or plastic, but brittle. The object does not deform slowly (plastic or elastic), but breaks.
Please make an episode about "we can't actually touch anything" too
My question is: how dirt or any stain or paint (a part of another material) can stick on the surface of another thing. Do they actually float on their surface, because their athomes can't get even close to each other?
What a great question. Very interesting.
Im not an expert. But youtube dont get their questions answered, however my understanding is the the molecules that make up “dirt” have electrons that aren’t bound to anything….when it makes contact with your shirt….the unbound electrons on the shirt bind to the unbound electrons in the dirt. Picture a pane of glass, very flat surface on an atomic level…..no free floating electrons due to the shape of the molecule that makes up the glass, so nothing that cant modify the molecule of glass can stick to it.
Not an expert, just a fan of science, i could be wrong, welcome to being corrected.
@@DMZGHOSTS thanks for your attention and reply, I'm not an expert either, but I think this doesn't go to the atomic level, and exchanging charges, because you can remove those paint or stain somewhat easily, I think it should be very similar to the friction. Although there's no real touching between materials, there's friction between them which is caused by the microscopic bumps and notches sliding on each other. Picture rubbing 2 hair brush against each other.
Of course I'm not sure and that's why I asked the question.
Everyone please let us know if you found out
@@Kuki_ogl thanks, yeah it attacked my mind last night, before this, I was wondering what is the sound when you hit 2 things, and my classmate explained that the impact on air caused by a wave of energy when the first row of atoms of a matter are pushing away / resist the other matters atoms (I don't know if I could deliver the meaning correctly, with my English)
@@aariapoor we use chemistry to break chemical binds, paint thinner breaks the bonds that the evaporation of water or oil out of the paint has created.
Not sure how washing powder breaks binds, but a chemist would understand this better than a physicist.
The Neil and Chuck show!
You can scratch a plastic surface and leave a mark, essentially breaking molecule bonds just the same. But you probably can't scratch a ceramic bowl (which may also be chip-resistant), at least not as easily. That is due to the higher density of the bowl versus the lower density of plastic. But of course, a ceramic is easily breakable from falling for due to weaker molecular bonds. Paper can't be broken from falling, but can be easily torn. So there are many ways to break bonds, and some objects are more susceptible to certain ways than others.
I lost my cat last night. These jokes hit a lil different but i needed em thank you
Now I'm all like, " the crystal lattice structure fails at a given energy, but if the item is forged, and made of something having a stronger bond, it may not break. If, however, a previous impact has sundered some of the bonds, causing micro-fractures, then this impact may create a path, by which the entire structure can fail, based on the pattern of the crystal lattice, and how it is formed. The main structure will not fail, unless there are micro-fractures which create a pattern by which the entire crystal can be shattered. I wonder what the math looks like for the geometric path which needs to be present?
Chuck is the best man ( sounds like you been talking too the cat )🤣🤣🤣🤣
@startalk is the point of maximum speed the speed at the lowest point on the roller coster or the speed at the lowest point of the longest steepest side of the roller coaster? I hope I get an answer
Hi, an insightful debate that clarifies, when the potential=mgh on the mentioned example turns to K=1/2mv^2, this explanation reminded me of the classic physics at high school and the great time which I had at that time.
I believe StarTalk can truly help not only have a deeper understanding of physics in our daily life but also will expand the public vision of the surrounding events by knowing its reason.
Yo I am doing a job shadowing at a telescope that catches gamma rays and would love if to learn a bit more about it in an upcoming vid
Edit: the thing I want to learn more about is call vhe (very high energy) astronomy
I remember John Candy thought he too had an unbreakable plate... but Uncle Buck was wrong.
Neil: Why do things break when they fall? Chuck: Why do things float?
Chuck is wonderful.
Idk why but Neil's reflection on the glass behind him is very funny
"sounds like you've been talking to the cat..."
never stop, Chuck lol
who wants a “cosmic queries:chuck edition”
Next explainer video suggestion : why things becomes smaller when we go far away from them. ?
Does a thing on the ground have no gravitational potential energy? What if you dig a hole under it? Does that add gravitational potential energy, or does it just always have it unless it's at the centre of the Earth?
That thought came to me as well. The best guess I can make is that there's always gravitational potential energy everywhere. Except in this case most of it is negligible. Which would suggest the force in the ground, or "floor," dissipates any energy coming from the mass of the plate.
I have zero credibility here, so I welcome criticism.
There’s always potential energy until the object reaches the center of gravity. Imagine an object directly in the center of the earth. (Disregard the mantle) this object would be floating in place. However this if all relative. The earth itself is under the sway of even larger gravitational pulls. So if the sun. Even the entire galaxy. They all possess these energies
@@Jay-om8gr Thank you, that's a clearer way to describe what I was thinking.
Hold up... But what happens to the lifting energy (the gravity potential energy) when the object gets pushed beyond the influence of the gravity (like past the solar system)? Is all that "pushed" energy lost somehow?
Maybe ground level isn't zero potential but far below it, down the "gravity well" that is Earth, etc.
Heard the term “an object in motion stays in motion”? If the object escapes the suns gravity and is not under the influence of other astronomical bodies (although it’ll still be under the pull of the overall center of the galaxy) then that object maintains its kinetic energy indefinitely. Unless it eventually gets close enough to another object to influence it.
my first thought was gravity of course, after i watched it i realized its way more complicated then that
I think the greatest energy exhibit on a fall of the roller coaster is when the object is at rest into motion. It takes that amount of energy in kinetics to move an object by mass and more to accelerate it. So visually the greatest amount of energy exhibit is the low point, but by physics standard the greatest amount of energy created is at the pinnacle of a high point.
Opinion on an objects change in vector with force versus the shift of gravity spectrum of force externally which gives you that G force feeling.
Because gravity is a constant so arguably without change in force the amount of energy never changes in the atmosphere there force stays simple to reason.
You know, you just gave me all the ammunition I need next time I break something.
SMASH!
"What was that? ... OMG what happened!? That was our wedding gift from Tom and Michelle!"
"Well honey, you see, remember when you put that statue up there 30 years ago?" 😂