How To Weld/Bond Ripstop Nylon for DIY Outdoor Projects

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  • Опубликовано: 28 ноя 2024
  • In this video www.ProLiteGear... demonstrates how you can weld or bond seams in ripstop nylon using inexpensive home tools like a clothes iron.

Комментарии • 167

  • @michaelcleveland98
    @michaelcleveland98 7 лет назад +16

    I'm a single person maker of bikepacking gear. As you know, more and more the big guns in the industry are using welded seams in their gear. For those of us without millions for a budget, it's good so see that there are, potentially, small inroads that we can actually make into that realm. Thanks... hoping to see more of this.

  • @BFELabs
    @BFELabs 10 лет назад +44

    There isn't a lot of DIY seam welding information out there, and this is one of the better presentations I've seen getting into it. This vid actually gave me the push to start exploring welding for my bespoke tactical/survival equipment shop; Still exploring and learning, but wanted to express my thanks for doing this vid, and providing a really solid starting point for the curious DIY'er or small shop!

    • @alexgrweahae6892
      @alexgrweahae6892 2 года назад +2

      In your past research, did you come across any resources you would like to share, I am trying to learn as well. Thanks!

  • @mitchwells69
    @mitchwells69 8 лет назад +2

    I've produced several hammocks, quilts and stuff sacks with Easy Steam. I use it on both load bearing and non load bearing parts with great success. I do stitch the channel on the gathered end hammocks, but even there it simplifies assembly.

    • @Bhamlunker
      @Bhamlunker 8 лет назад

      What is "easy Steam"? I just got my hands on some dritz wonder tape and plan on testing it for the purpose of prepping seams such as a tarp ridgeline for sewing or no see um baffles for sewing a top quilt...is this product you mention similar?

  • @Darignobullseye
    @Darignobullseye 8 лет назад +3

    I got the idea to create my own 9 X 7 ripstop nylon tarp. Thus video helps me have an idea of putting tarp together and then double stitch seems. I think I will practice on creating stuff sack. thanks again .

  • @drewwatts2803
    @drewwatts2803 9 лет назад +9

    This was the most informative video! I was wondering how your experiments have gone with welding different fabrics, namely silicone impregnated nylons or other ultralight/waterproof/downproof fabrics? I know this is an old video, but I would love to hear back from you! Cheers!

  • @ProlitegearPage
    @ProlitegearPage  11 лет назад +2

    Thanks for the comment Tee. I encourage people to play around with this. If you already have a clothes iron you could spend $5 to $10 on the adhesive tape and start playing around with creating your own stuff sacks, etc.

    • @teec3385
      @teec3385 11 лет назад +1

      I will yes, cheers...:)

    • @atithi123
      @atithi123 3 года назад +1

      That sounds great! Will give it a try. Thanks

  • @patrickploenzke489
    @patrickploenzke489 4 года назад +2

    The Century 21 iron is a good one and teflon coated with digital temperature control. It's used for iron coatings for RC planes.

  • @jagilo9677
    @jagilo9677 2 года назад

    I’m so happy I came across your video! I want to make some sand bags to hold down our beach umbrella. I get annoyed that sand gets trapping the sewn seams and this is great!

  • @ProlitegearPage
    @ProlitegearPage  11 лет назад +2

    Mamoon - to answer your question, one method I have seen is that a 3 Dimensional jig is used. This takes up the volume of the curved and/or contoured seam. Then a sonic head, hot wedge, or hot air approach is used to weld the seam. The machine I saw do this was a fully automated robot but I can envision a DIY effort working. Thanks for the question.

  • @garethjones7182
    @garethjones7182 3 года назад

    Just bought a decent sewing machine and find out sewing is out, bonding is in! Really interesting vid, thanks for posting

  • @misterfaosfx
    @misterfaosfx 9 лет назад

    This will make sewing a thing of the past. Sewing requires a level of skilled which is only attained through years of practice.

  • @datapolo
    @datapolo 3 года назад +3

    Informative video, thank you! I notice it is a few years old - are there any new developments worthy of an update? When heat seaming TPU nylon the usual protection is baking paper which is readily available and super cheap.

  • @polifrone5
    @polifrone5 10 лет назад +6

    I would like to comment on the "heating"/"welding" (melting) devices. I build and fly model airplanes and a company by the name of TopFlight uses an "iron" similar to the small one used in the video. The temperature can be adjusted accordingly. Another idea which I have used to do home repair on my "welded" seems is use a hot wax iron that used to melt wax on skis. Both irons work rather well. No holes to contend with.
    Rocco Polifrone

    • @markw4893
      @markw4893 6 лет назад +1

      Great tip. Now excited to find a reason to buy an iron for waxing my snowboard.

  • @dustybahlz6674
    @dustybahlz6674 10 лет назад +2

    Thanks for the DIY info.
    Might I suggest using a snowboard waxing iron, they don't have the steam holes in them, they are small and fairly cheap new.

  • @Joomington
    @Joomington 7 лет назад +3

    Excellent vid, thank you! I am looking at welding some packs/bags and it's really hard to find good info on welding/bonding. Like others I'm also wondering what you've learned about welding in the last few years.

  • @jimatwood8870
    @jimatwood8870 9 месяцев назад +2

    Thanks for the great video on a subject I know absolutely nothing about. Making a basket to hold my dog on my kayak, so very low tech. Have some ripstop sitting around that I'm going to use, so I was concerned about which products would bond that material. You've answered every question that I had. Gonna give it a go.

  • @regthebackyardjackofalltrades
    @regthebackyardjackofalltrades 4 года назад

    Hey thanks for this video. I’m tired of using a tarp to cover my toolbox every day and will be making a vinyl cover out of some type of canopy material. I have no place for a sewing machine at work but I have access to expired materials like Double faced tape and aircraft window sealants. I’ll definitely get that mini iron to add to my soldering irons. I’m also imagining thin strips of sheet metal to aid as a press. Thanks again

  • @antonhuman8446
    @antonhuman8446 3 года назад

    Only became interested now and your tutorial is very good.
    Thank you!

  • @jonnyrocket8954
    @jonnyrocket8954 10 лет назад +3

    Thanks for taking the time to make an excellent video! Very helpful

  • @MarkOates
    @MarkOates 10 лет назад +2

    Thanks ProLiteGear - a very informative video. Wondering if in the past year since this video has been made whether you have heard of any new small machines that might be suitable for home DIY projects? Much appreciated

  • @rkaag99
    @rkaag99 5 лет назад +3

    I've had success substituting parchment paper (for baking cookies) for the teflon sheets. Cheaper and you can find it anywhere.

    • @carl-ok9gn
      @carl-ok9gn 5 лет назад

      do you mean wax paper?

  • @mpireoutdoors5274
    @mpireoutdoors5274 4 года назад

    I totally agree. I think about the self-inflating mats I've used over the years and that 1cm welded edge never failed. I think also the matter of force distribution is interesting here; anything sewn will concentrate any force applied to it right at the thread-holes which the needle essentially tore into the material - seems like a really bad idea when you think about it.
    Do me a favour and do videos on bonding Mylar and dyneema or any other uhdpe.

  • @nickagins8111
    @nickagins8111 2 года назад +1

    If i had a section of rip stop nylon and wanted to adhere nylon webbing to it to then attached side-lock clips, could I use the Pellen tape product instead of sewing that on?

  • @imeshudara8697
    @imeshudara8697 8 лет назад +11

    Ah btw, great vid. it is really difficult to find a vid related to this field. thank you very much!

  • @pipcart
    @pipcart 3 года назад

    REally useful - thanks. Have you tried using a soldering station with a welding tip, please?

  • @tullochgorum6323
    @tullochgorum6323 8 лет назад +39

    A few years on, how are your DIY bonded seams working in the field? Any info much appreciated...

    • @wtechboy18
      @wtechboy18 5 лет назад +3

      seconded, would love to know more.

    • @AntonySimkin
      @AntonySimkin 4 года назад +1

      Me too please

    • @Nachodaddy082806
      @Nachodaddy082806 4 года назад

      Me three

    • @bmculpify
      @bmculpify 4 года назад +1

      An update video so see how bonded seam has positioned itself in the industry would be really interesting!

  • @jasonrichardsonAkagrizzlyAdams
    @jasonrichardsonAkagrizzlyAdams 10 лет назад +1

    Thanks for sharing, very interesting and it looks really strong, no stitch holes to fail either

  • @Bhamlunker
    @Bhamlunker 7 лет назад +1

    I am suuuuuper stoked to try this man!!!

  • @13ClaytonM
    @13ClaytonM 10 лет назад

    its nice to find exactly what you are looking for. very interesting stuff, looking to create some custom kayak n camping equipment and this video was a great start to helping me understand what i need to do

  • @cpcpcpcp6706
    @cpcpcpcp6706 6 лет назад

    Thanks for sharing - hard to know where to start with welds so this has been really informative

  • @junkname9983
    @junkname9983 4 года назад +1

    have you tried using hair straighteners as irons?

  • @LIlaWARE-t9n
    @LIlaWARE-t9n Год назад

    Thanks for the tips. I want to secure the edges of one layer of rip stop over another layer of rip stop - sort of like a permanent tent fly. Do you think small grommets/eyelets will hold in the ripstop?

  • @DanieltheBarbarian
    @DanieltheBarbarian 6 лет назад

    Great first video. Helped broaden my perspective on my DIY project.

  • @clariceklappe
    @clariceklappe 3 года назад

    Great video!! Thank you for your service! Can nylon be welded to nylon with heat alone, no adhesive added? Have you heard of that?

  • @thim8009
    @thim8009 10 лет назад +3

    should show how to cut down an exped or thermarest and seal them but very informative thanks enjoy watching all your vids

  • @Colt-qc8gd
    @Colt-qc8gd 8 лет назад +1

    thanks for the info. gonna try an electric current though a steel press table for large application i think. the press seems to heat evenly so experimenting will get it perfect. you info was very helpful.

  • @mr.awesome507
    @mr.awesome507 3 года назад

    Please show videos of different factories about how they are welding seams.

  • @callhow
    @callhow 6 лет назад

    Liked you DIY video. Wondering if vinyl could also be useful as a material ?

  • @leahmay1011
    @leahmay1011 4 года назад +1

    Hi sew seams ive got a fishing shelter bit worn im after patching it up thinking using some tape at home. But needs to be 100% waterproof flexiable. Will it work

  • @dixonbuttes6564
    @dixonbuttes6564 3 года назад +2

    How do welded seams last on gear left in hot cars, and for lifespan? It seems there may be disadvantages of using heat based seam tapes for gear that could be exposed to higher temps for longer periods, just like on boots, tent floor seams, etc.

  • @Moralasclub
    @Moralasclub 6 лет назад +2

    Hi, awesome video! Does this EZ-Steam II work well with PU and silicone coated fabrics? Thanks.

  • @redwood1957
    @redwood1957 5 лет назад

    As an electrical contractor I wired a welded seam filter bag machine. This was about 10 years ago. So I would say you are correct. I am looking to weld a nylon mesh material together what would you suggest.

  • @adrianmutimer5022
    @adrianmutimer5022 9 лет назад

    Hi, you find yourself in much the same place as us. It was great to see you going through the same thought processes, tools and tests as us. Lets us know we are on the right track, maybe.
    How to weld plastic fabrics... Have you learnt any more? We have found the bewildering array of types of plastic to be a problem.
    The industry vids were very short. Do you have more?
    You see my sense is that we are trying to solve problems that have essentially already been solved. The limitation for us small-scalers is tooling. Did you find anything better than the heat press? It seems to us the heat press is probably the right tool but it needs mods to make it right for seaming and welding. What's your thoughts?
    Regards
    Adrian and Jacob

  • @MZ-rv1bu
    @MZ-rv1bu Год назад

    Great video, thank you for taking the time to make and share it! 😊

  • @gregthompson8062
    @gregthompson8062 6 лет назад

    What have you found today as being the best method. I'm new to sewing but wanted to play around with fabrics and leather to start designing my own stuff. Do you think stitching is the best method for construction of products with fabrics? Thanks in advance.

  • @ProlitegearPage
    @ProlitegearPage  11 лет назад +4

    Oper8or - yes.... I tested the seam strength. As I state in the video it appears that tear strength is better than shear strength. That being said, if you are using something like Cubic Tech, then Cubic Tech Bonding tape is VERY strong.

    • @RyokuKitsune
      @RyokuKitsune 8 лет назад

      +ProLiteGear
      do what now?

    • @3vil3lvis
      @3vil3lvis 8 лет назад

      From a technology perspective this welded seam stuff appears to be similar to the adhesive of a hot glue gun. How does the telfon protection sheet differ from parchment paper? Have you tried using a hot glue gun and parchment paper as a low cost alternative?

    • @mitchwells69
      @mitchwells69 8 лет назад +3

      I use parchment paper with the Easy Steam product. It's cheap and reusable.

  • @ericcharlton311
    @ericcharlton311 5 месяцев назад

    In the first video clip while you were welding that seam, was that machine, with the roller, equipped with a roll seam foot?

  • @davidterrie7661
    @davidterrie7661 7 лет назад +1

    When you say let the glue expand across the side of the overlap, does this mean you position the material so the edge of the tape is exposed, or will the glue expand outwards under pressure? I've got some Argon 90 and some EZ Steam II tape ordered for a project and one seam can be an overlap. Also, since the tape is only 1/4" wide, is this all the overlap that is needed for a strong seam? Thanks. Glad I found your channel.

  • @adventurebuilt_
    @adventurebuilt_ 8 лет назад +1

    Have you done any comparison to a lap seam in terms of pull and shear strength?

  • @Melvorgazh
    @Melvorgazh 2 года назад

    @ProLiteGear
    Hi from Belgium!
    Thnaks for that instructive video.
    Would that ultrasonic seam be good for making hot air balloons too?
    Cheers!
    Thomas

  • @stevevks
    @stevevks 10 лет назад +1

    Thanks for the info, I will be trying EZ Steam II to make a tarp and a under quilt.

  • @outdoor1640
    @outdoor1640 Год назад

    what would you suggest i use to bond ripstop nylon to a silpoly tarp to create pullouts?

  • @paradise2739
    @paradise2739 3 года назад

    Hi there, great video. Do you where I can buy this heat press machine?

  • @brettm.s.1169
    @brettm.s.1169 3 года назад

    I’ve got the same handheld sealing tool and can’t get the surfaces to stick. I’ve cleaned it with solvent, water, nothing, primer, alcohol, tried different heat settings, rollered it and the TPU surfaces never stick together in any permanent manner. I can see the plastic coating melting, there’s that shine on the fabric side but when it cools it’s very easy to pull apart. Any tips please ?

  • @eokots
    @eokots 3 года назад

    Super video; you are a natural for this .

  • @rgbtvuk
    @rgbtvuk 2 года назад

    2022 came in really handy :) Thanks

  • @BreakingBarriers2DIY
    @BreakingBarriers2DIY 6 лет назад

    OMG this is so helpful. Answered every question I had. I know what to buy to build my Halloween costume...and to build some outdoor equipment for myself. You really are generous to share this information. My thanks to you. And VERY well done video. Seriously your first?? Whoah!!!

  • @jeffgreen4611
    @jeffgreen4611 2 года назад

    Is there an inexpensive press machine that heats up high enough to seal TPU nylon in order to larger sealing projects instead of using a hand iron? Can you recommend any? Thanks.

  • @autumnofmyheart
    @autumnofmyheart 6 лет назад

    You are amazing for making videos like this. Wish I could meet you in person.

  • @jamesferry6717
    @jamesferry6717 3 месяца назад

    What was that ultrasonic welder mounted on for that klymit prototype? It looks like an interesting way to weld larger things.

    • @jamesferry6717
      @jamesferry6717 3 месяца назад

      Oh and thanks for all the great information!

  • @kohort1
    @kohort1 3 года назад

    Unfortunately I have no tool or know how for this. I sprung a small leak where the bond between the nylon "skin" of a my camp pad separated from the plastic base of the valve. Thinking about finding a glue/sealant to deliver w a needle syringe and don't know what adhesives such as 3M scotch adhesive would work. But I stumbled here. Any thoughts?

  • @octozooks
    @octozooks 9 лет назад

    Thanks for the sharing your research, I'm excited to try out some welded projects

  • @MrBony78
    @MrBony78 10 лет назад

    Great stuff! Thanks. One note - you're using the term "shear" to describe "peel" forces, and it looks like what you call "tear" is actually "shear".

    • @laladoodieincarnate
      @laladoodieincarnate 10 лет назад

      Would you recommend the stitch witchery alonng with sewing? Also is stitch witchery effective in making seal seams? A seal seam is when you have a backing of the fabric and you bond that over the seam, you can find it on goretex parkas so the rain does not go through where the sewing thread is

  • @freddog5167
    @freddog5167 4 года назад

    How would you re surface foam cuffs in cross-country ski boots? The rubber is flaking off. I have some waterproof material for making downhill ski pants. I thought I would cover the foam areas. I don't think the foam will hold up to heat....

  • @grip411
    @grip411 9 лет назад

    Excellent vid!!!
    I'm looking for a DYI technique for folding over sew on velcro Hook into a tab.
    I'm intrigued by the fabric store iron on product.
    Do you think it would work for velco?
    Thank you!

  • @mthompson
    @mthompson 6 лет назад

    I missed the part from the description where you "demonstrate how you can weld or bond seams in ripstop nylon using inexpensive home tools like a clothes iron." So say I was going to do the Steam-Seal II for putting a 120" zipper on my silnylon tipi before I stitch it in place....how would you use an iron to make that bond?

  • @theg6433
    @theg6433 10 лет назад

    I was going to purchase pretreated ripstop sil/nylon fabric to make some stuff sacks from a local shop. How would this work with silicone waterproofed fabrics? Would you treat after all of the heat bonded events or can welded seams be done with the sil/nylon?

  • @jillmartin9987
    @jillmartin9987 4 года назад +2

    Sullivan's steam glide might work to protect your iron. Thanks for the help with my flag project.

  • @kevintallon2231
    @kevintallon2231 7 лет назад

    Hi There, good video, how do you deal with curves?

  • @sandiegoyeti8360
    @sandiegoyeti8360 7 лет назад

    Hi, love your videos.. I have some 18 ounce vinyl I need to make into bags for holding liquids (water).. What do you suggest for making these leak proof? They need to be able to withstand some knocking around and stretching..

  • @Puppetnation71
    @Puppetnation71 10 лет назад

    Hi there, can EZ Steam be good to weld Aquaguard zippers and apply fabric INSIDE a side pocket to create e.g. a chest pocket too? Sewing is not possible but access thru exiastant pockets is good... thanks for your work!

  • @ufochannel01
    @ufochannel01 7 лет назад

    like the video great info. im making my first remote control kite and want it to hold up and look great. so i was hearing you say a iron could work and i was thinking how about a nice flat hair straightener? some are very nice and have a digital hot temperature setting. so we could dial in the best temp to use and it would only be hitting the smaller area so not to heat any surface that's unnecessary due to im not sure if a waterproof type would lose any of its ability after the chemicals used were heated? do you know any info on that possibly? thanks i think this is a great new tech to be using by the way , i am so happy to find lighter ways to make this all happen instead of traditional heavy threads. great job! im wondering what is the lightest easiest one for me to use them to make my rc kite in your opinion? and should i go tape or glue? could you link me to this please? thanks in advance!

  • @1katdogg
    @1katdogg 9 лет назад

    need to know if I can use any of these for canvas on a pop up camper

  • @tage360
    @tage360 6 лет назад

    Do you think this would work well for making model rocket parachutes? Also how well dose this work on curved seams, specifically if the two pieces being bonded together curve in opposite directions?

  • @TheChefmike66
    @TheChefmike66 5 лет назад

    I loved this. Very relevant to me.

  • @sebraaap
    @sebraaap Год назад

    Amazing video thank you very many ch, it was pretty rich and you answered lots of questions I had. Thanks for this shortcut to knowledge ✌️

  • @cheemamamoon
    @cheemamamoon 11 лет назад

    Hi, Thanks for informative video. I have a question and I hope you can answer it even if its not related to this video in particular.
    How are the circular seams are bonded with PU tape industrially (as I saw a glimpse of industrial practice in this video)? with circular seams I mean cuff/sleeve openings.

  • @peterjones5739
    @peterjones5739 8 лет назад

    Hey Craig. Thanks for the great video. Have you found, or do you have a recommendation for a domestic manufacturer for welded seam products?

  • @michaelballard7323
    @michaelballard7323 8 лет назад

    I have an entire rain fly sliced in two. I'd like to reattach the pieces. I was considering ripstop repair tape backed with seam grip, which I know will look terrible. I like how the bond here disappears. I'd love to weld material rather than glue or stitch it, but I don't have this equipment. I also have nearly twenty feet of cut to mend. Think I can manage with household items?

    • @lidona4863
      @lidona4863 7 лет назад

      Do you need bonding machines?

  • @josephlathrop1914
    @josephlathrop1914 3 года назад

    Any way to Bond Mylar to a Ripstop Nylon Backing? want to make a custom tent

  • @mattallen9546
    @mattallen9546 7 лет назад +3

    I haven't seen an update on this... have you explored more with bonding?

    • @lidona4863
      @lidona4863 7 лет назад +1

      Do you need bonding machine?

    • @cedrix57
      @cedrix57 6 лет назад

      Li Dona yes but my budget is only 1000 usd

    • @rockyreynolds4027
      @rockyreynolds4027 5 лет назад

      Li Dona have you got some

  • @leviterande
    @leviterande 9 лет назад

    HI! thank for the video! I wonder if you can help me. Can TBU coated Nylon tolerate air temperatures of 95 degrees Celsius? How heat resistant is it? An inflatable tube out of TBU nylon will stand where air temperatures reach 95 deg Celsius. I cant find info anywhere. Thanks

  • @tomjones6806
    @tomjones6806 5 лет назад

    What is the name and where to buy the little roller for hot air

  • @snnnoopy
    @snnnoopy 11 лет назад +1

    That was well thought out. Thank you for the video.

  • @ShopperPlug
    @ShopperPlug 2 года назад

    How do I make 100% waterproof seams so that it can replace plastic containers for aeroponic gardening root chambers?

  • @ricromrec
    @ricromrec 9 лет назад +1

    Great intro, thanks! I looked up the Pelon tape, on the company website in applications description it states it is a temporary bond. Is it the heating of the product that makes it permanent?
    Is the Teflon sheet used to protect the fabric or heat distribution?
    I would love to see a step by step video.

  • @DannyWalker1949
    @DannyWalker1949 8 лет назад +5

    I just found your channel and Sub'ed to it. You might know I'm trying to learn to sew with a machine and their going to a welded seam on thing's.... : (

  • @JesusCarrilification
    @JesusCarrilification 3 года назад

    They make covers for the seam sealers

  • @michaelsiao
    @michaelsiao 3 года назад

    can you show us how to bond cordura material?

  • @Oper8or
    @Oper8or 11 лет назад

    Have you tested the seam strength yet? I'm curious as to how well it would hold for something like a tarp that is under constant stress from multiple points.

  • @JavaRacingCo
    @JavaRacingCo 4 года назад

    I loved this video! thank you!

  • @Thestripper1
    @Thestripper1 4 года назад

    7:23 The protocols are: Heat, duration, temperature, time, how hot it is and for how long.

  • @williamjoh4622
    @williamjoh4622 6 лет назад

    I wish I could know if there is a way to seal water proof thin poly film like high density or low density pE film 1.5 mil or 0.6 mil thickness. I have used impulse sealer. It works sometime but not consistently. I am trying to use it for my project. Very frustrated. Thank you.

  • @uncatila
    @uncatila 5 лет назад

    I want to glue a six inch long zipper at the inside top of my day pack to take out the frame sheet after I unzip the zipper then slice the material. Can I do that?

  • @coltwyndham
    @coltwyndham 9 лет назад

    This is a really great video.

  • @JustineLimpusParish
    @JustineLimpusParish 3 года назад

    Great video. Thanks

  • @RyokuKitsune
    @RyokuKitsune 8 лет назад

    so, would it be better to weld a piece of denim to the area of the pocket or would it be better to iron on a pocket repair? how hard would it be to repair a pocket myself without a seemstress?

    • @RyokuKitsune
      @RyokuKitsune 8 лет назад

      +Ryoku itoku
      government is not doing a whole lot of good explaning how to do a whole lot of simple things...

    • @RyokuKitsune
      @RyokuKitsune 8 лет назад

      +Ryoku itoku
      ...
      any government

    • @RyokuKitsune
      @RyokuKitsune 8 лет назад

      +Ryoku itoku , I'm not asking how to repair a reactor...
      how do you repair a anchor seem pocket? anyone know how? in English? -I'm dumb and I don't know the question...

  • @stopthephilosophicalzombie9017

    Sewn construction is still going strong..

  • @maryannferro816
    @maryannferro816 6 лет назад

    Would you visit a school and demo some of your techniques?

  • @quadratactical1081
    @quadratactical1081 9 лет назад +1

    Very informative.