0:27 Sinhala is not an Eastern Indo-Aryan language. Sinhala is a Southern Indo-Aryan language. Marathi and Konkani are the closest relative sister languages of Sinhala.
Nominally yes in modern classification as Southern Indo-aryan. But both grps developed from different Prakrits, Maharashtri & Elu. The exact relationship of their proto-languages hasn’t been researched much yet.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් yes that’s the hypothesis but hasn’t been verified by linguistic research yet. Only Anton Kogan (2016) in his paper showed divergence of indoaryan languages where Sinhala-Dhivehi split off from larger Indoaryan first followed by Marathi-Konkani grp but no study proves they have a common ancestor yet. Kogan also in his paper put Sinhala-Dhivehi as insular group.
I am a native Sinhala speaker. I did not understand anything except some numbers in Dhivehi. Dhivehi is very different. These two languages are not mutually understandable. Even Sinhala and other Dravidian languages like Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil have more similarities. Sinhala vyaakarana ( grammar ) and Kannada, Telugu, Malayalam grammar are very similar.
@@songaesthetics8543 Also, Dhivehi language developed independently. It is isolated. Persian is OK because both Dhivehi and Persian are Indo-Iranian languages. Even Hindi and Urdu have many Persian words. So, many Dhivehi and Hindi/Urdu words are similar.
Maldivian language developed quite independently from Elu Prakrit due to isolation of islands plus got influences from Arabs, hence mutual intelligibility goes down if there’s no contact with Sinhala & other mainland IA langs like Sanskrit. Compared to that Sinhala had sustained contacts with mainland India plus Sanskrit, Pali & Tamil. The grammar similarities is because of the grammar standardisation as per Paninian linguistics, so both IA and Dravidian grammar framework have the same structure even if they are different language families.
Yes definitely not even close to mutually intelligible. But as a Maldivian , having gone through Sinhala vocabulary, I’d say there’s a lot more in common than just some numbers. I came across many familiar words in sinhala. More easy to detect when you look at separate words than a passage like this.
Wow Varah salhi (Very nice) As a Maldivian, I speak and write Dhivehi because as you can see in some Maldivian stuff, there is Thaana written on it but I haven't written any other script that is derived from Thaana known as Dhives Akuru
Dhivehi is splited from Sinhala in 1500 years ago but the language is almost completely different. Even there are a lot of the common word and grammars in English and German or Japanese and Okinawa dialect, these languages are completely different.
@@elijahhee yes. Both countries have long independent histories so it’s not surprising. Since Maldives is spread out into many islands, Dhivehi has also developed into multiple dialects which are very distinct and sometimes not mutually intelligible
Languages by first written accounts. ( *Indo-Iranian languages - BCE inscriptions* ) 1) *Vedic Sanskrit* ( Mitanni inscription - 1 350 BC ) 2) *Early Sinhala Prakrit* ( Anuradhapura inscription - 6th century BCE ) It is also the oldest Brahmi inscription in the world. 3) *Old Persian.* ( Behistun inscription - 5th century BCE ) 4) *Jain Prakrit* ( Barli inscription - 4th century BCE ) 5) *Ashoka Prakrit* ( Pillar inscriptions - 3rd century BCE ) 6) *Later Sinhala Prakrit* ( Thousands of cave inscriptions around Sri Lanka - 3rd and 2nd century BCE ) 7) *Jain Prakrit* ( Hathigumpha inscription - 2nd century BCE )
I think you forget the "Hatigumpha" Inscription of Kalinga(2nd century BCE). Written by the great King Kharavela Deva. It's written in Prakrit which shows greater affinity to modern day Odia language.
From what I think, Sinhala and Dhivehi's reduction of "s" into "h" and preservation of many final vowels/schwas (which has been lost in most northern Indo-Aryan languages) may be influences of Dravidian languages. Due to more contact with Dravidian speakers and more Dravidian-speaking people who left their languages and started to speak Sinhala, the language has more Dravidian-influenced grammar than the languages in the north.
It is not because of Dravidian influence. Only Sinhala, Sanskrit and Pali do not have Schwa deletion because they are archaic languages. Dhivehi and all the other Indo-Aryan languages have Schwa deletion. Sinhala grammar does not have Dravidian influence but the grammars of Dravidian languages have a huge Sanskrit influence. Sinhala and Sanskrit grammar are exactly the same.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Odia doesn’t have schwa deletion too. We are the only one on mainland India to retain it completely, else Bengali, Nepali & Marathi have limited schwa but in a few cases.
@@amlans5314 I mean Sinhala does not have any schwa deletions. All the dialects of Sinhala do not have any schwa deletions. Even when we speak, we do not erase any schwas. It never happens. That is the speciality of Sinhala. As I know, some dialects of Odia have schwa deletion. When people speak, they delete schwas in some words. It depends on the person and the dialects. I have watched some videos. Also, I have read a book and several articles about that.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Yes the western (Sambalpuri) & far-southern Odia (Desia) has schwa deletion while coastal Odia dialects (which has standard register) doesn’t have schwa deletion. Although nowadays in urban areas due to Hindi influence, people schwa delete words ad-hoc though mostly in nouns, but its not considered proper usage & only for informal use.
Sinhala is the only modern Indo-Aryan language which has 600 BC - 200 BC old inscriptions. Sanskrit and Sinhala have the oldest inscriptions among all Indo-Aryan languages.
The Arabic influence in Dhivehi is more visible in this video because it’s a formal text and the speaker pronounced the Arabic loanwords according to the Arabic pronunciation. In normal everyday usage we don’t pronounce the Arabic throat sounds like ح خ ع so the influence is less obvious
@@balabhadra2427 Yes. That was what I meant. "Niila" becomes "Niilô". ( Niilaw ) "Danta" becomes "Dantô". ( Dantaw ) Etc. It is a common characteristic of Magadhi Prakrit derived languages. Also, I have also seen, "Dhanyavaada" becomes "Dhanyabaad". "Varnamaalaa" becomes "Barnamaalaa". I have listened to a Odia song. It was a recommendation from an Odia friend. It was great. 👍
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Actually in all Magadhan language "V" becomes "B" Like Varsha->Barsha->Barsa( Sha->Sa in Odia only) ,and Ksha becomes Khya(Xa)Like Suraksha-> Surakhya, Along with it in some sense "Ya" Becomes ".Ja(Za). Like Yuga->Juga.
Sinhala= southern prakrit(probably brought by a small number of merchants from maharashtra who traded and acquired power in the island.This became the base of sinhala)+eastern prakrit(The people who became sinhalese migrated from around the vanga kingdom. Sinhalese are about 70-80% genetically similar to bengali people) +Pali(from buddhism) + Dravidian(old tamil had influence on Sinhala due to invasions and proximity to the island)+Sino-tibetan(many tibeto-burman words and genes from NE india arrived along with people who came from around vanga kingdom and later people from pyu, arakan and bamar kingdoms of myanmar, sinitic words from southern chinese dialects-mainly min varieties from Fujian due to trade and historic relations) +Austronesian(mainly old malay and javanese-due to continuous trade and proximity to the island)+ a bit of austroasiatic(again brought by people from around vanga and due to relations with mon and khmer kingdoms)+ an unknown language which only has a few substrate words(the language/languages spoken by tribes of Sri lanka prior to sinhalese migration) and of course portuguese, english and few dutch loan word due to colonization.
I'm Sri Lankan Tamil and I never knew Sinhala had something common with Dhivehi . 🤨 And even if Sinhalese almost killed entire Tamil population , I’m still for peace ( தமிழ் ❤️ Sinhala )
0:27 Sinhala is not an Eastern Indo-Aryan language.
Sinhala is a Southern Indo-Aryan language. Marathi and Konkani are the closest relative sister languages of Sinhala.
Nominally yes in modern classification as Southern Indo-aryan. But both grps developed from different Prakrits, Maharashtri & Elu. The exact relationship of their proto-languages hasn’t been researched much yet.
@@amlans5314 Yes but Sinhala Prakrit ( Elu ) and Maharashtri Prakrit are related more than others.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Please do a video of Formal/Written Sinhala
@@nicholasluminato6264 I do not think so... You can make a video. You can ask me words. Reply to me here. I will tell.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් yes that’s the hypothesis but hasn’t been verified by linguistic research yet. Only Anton Kogan (2016) in his paper showed divergence of indoaryan languages where Sinhala-Dhivehi split off from larger Indoaryan first followed by Marathi-Konkani grp but no study proves they have a common ancestor yet. Kogan also in his paper put Sinhala-Dhivehi as insular group.
Wow Sinhala sounds like an admixture of Aryan and Dravidian languages. Love from an Odia speaker 🥰 ଓଡ଼ିଆ 🤝 සිංහල
Love Oriya. 🥰
Dhivehi language originated from Medieval Sinhala. ( Madhyakaaliina Sinhala Bhaashaa )
I am a native Sinhala speaker. I did not understand anything except some numbers in Dhivehi. Dhivehi is very different. These two languages are not mutually understandable. Even Sinhala and other Dravidian languages like Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil have more similarities. Sinhala vyaakarana ( grammar ) and Kannada, Telugu, Malayalam grammar are very similar.
Due to heavy borrowing of Arabic and Persian vocab maybe?
@@songaesthetics8543 Also, Dhivehi language developed independently. It is isolated. Persian is OK because both Dhivehi and Persian are Indo-Iranian languages. Even Hindi and Urdu have many Persian words. So, many Dhivehi and Hindi/Urdu words are similar.
Maldivian language developed quite independently from Elu Prakrit due to isolation of islands plus got influences from Arabs, hence mutual intelligibility goes down if there’s no contact with Sinhala & other mainland IA langs like Sanskrit. Compared to that Sinhala had sustained contacts with mainland India plus Sanskrit, Pali & Tamil. The grammar similarities is because of the grammar standardisation as per Paninian linguistics, so both IA and Dravidian grammar framework have the same structure even if they are different language families.
@@amlans5314 Correct but Dhivehi did not develop from Elu ( Sinhala ) Prakrit. Dhivehi originated from Medieval Sinhala and developed independently.
Yes definitely not even close to mutually intelligible. But as a Maldivian , having gone through Sinhala vocabulary, I’d say there’s a lot more in common than just some numbers. I came across many familiar words in sinhala. More easy to detect when you look at separate words than a passage like this.
සින්හල භාෂාව මගේ මව් භාෂාව.මේ ආකාරයට සින්හල භාෂාව ඉගැන්වීම පිළිබද ශ්රී ලාන්කිකයෙක් විදියට මන් ගොඩාක් සතුටු වෙනවා.
I never learned Dhivehi, but thanks to Andy, I can now learn the language and Sinhala.
Wow
Varah salhi (Very nice)
As a Maldivian, I speak and write Dhivehi because as you can see in some Maldivian stuff, there is Thaana written on it but I haven't written any other script that is derived from Thaana known as Dhives Akuru
Sinhala is mainly spoken in Sri Lanka.
Dhivehi is mainly spoken in the Maldives and parts of Lakshadweep, India.
Dhivehi is splited from Sinhala in 1500 years ago but the language is almost completely different. Even there are a lot of the common word and grammars in English and German or Japanese and Okinawa dialect, these languages are completely different.
Well, since then they have been separated by the Indian Ocean, lots of changes could have occurred since they have lost touch for so long...
Due to heavy borrowing of Arabic and Persian vocab maybe?
@@elijahhee yes. Both countries have long independent histories so it’s not surprising. Since Maldives is spread out into many islands, Dhivehi has also developed into multiple dialects which are very distinct and sometimes not mutually intelligible
Languages by first written accounts.
( *Indo-Iranian languages - BCE inscriptions* )
1) *Vedic Sanskrit* ( Mitanni inscription - 1 350 BC )
2) *Early Sinhala Prakrit* ( Anuradhapura inscription - 6th century BCE ) It is also the oldest Brahmi inscription in the world.
3) *Old Persian.* ( Behistun inscription - 5th century BCE )
4) *Jain Prakrit* ( Barli inscription - 4th century BCE )
5) *Ashoka Prakrit* ( Pillar inscriptions - 3rd century BCE )
6) *Later Sinhala Prakrit* ( Thousands of cave inscriptions around Sri Lanka - 3rd and 2nd century BCE )
7) *Jain Prakrit* ( Hathigumpha inscription - 2nd century BCE )
I think you forget the "Hatigumpha" Inscription of Kalinga(2nd century BCE). Written by the great King Kharavela Deva. It's written in Prakrit which shows greater affinity to modern day Odia language.
@@balabhadra2427 Yes, I have read about that. Also, Barli inscription. I will edit my comment.
Wow, it is amazing to see these two languages. Thank you for posting non-popular languages. I am getting to know more about linguistics.
Sinhala is more Sanskritized while Dhivehi has more Arabic loan words. You have to compare the native vocabulary to assess the similarities.
Yes! Formal, Written Sinhala is extremely Sanskritised. Spoken Sinhala is archaic. Spoken Sinhala uses many archaic Prakrit words.
This sience of language is so wonderful.
I like it😄
Can you do more this videos please?
Its very interesant😊😸👋
From what I think, Sinhala and Dhivehi's reduction of "s" into "h" and preservation of many final vowels/schwas (which has been lost in most northern Indo-Aryan languages) may be influences of Dravidian languages. Due to more contact with Dravidian speakers and more Dravidian-speaking people who left their languages and started to speak Sinhala, the language has more Dravidian-influenced grammar than the languages in the north.
It is not because of Dravidian influence. Only Sinhala, Sanskrit and Pali do not have Schwa deletion because they are archaic languages. Dhivehi and all the other Indo-Aryan languages have Schwa deletion. Sinhala grammar does not have Dravidian influence but the grammars of Dravidian languages have a huge Sanskrit influence. Sinhala and Sanskrit grammar are exactly the same.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Odia doesn’t have schwa deletion too. We are the only one on mainland India to retain it completely, else Bengali, Nepali & Marathi have limited schwa but in a few cases.
@@amlans5314 I mean Sinhala does not have any schwa deletions. All the dialects of Sinhala do not have any schwa deletions. Even when we speak, we do not erase any schwas. It never happens. That is the speciality of Sinhala.
As I know, some dialects of Odia have schwa deletion. When people speak, they delete schwas in some words. It depends on the person and the dialects.
I have watched some videos. Also, I have read a book and several articles about that.
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Yes the western (Sambalpuri) & far-southern Odia (Desia) has schwa deletion while coastal Odia dialects (which has standard register) doesn’t have schwa deletion. Although nowadays in urban areas due to Hindi influence, people schwa delete words ad-hoc though mostly in nouns, but its not considered proper usage & only for informal use.
@@amlans5314 So, Hindi influence is not good. Good information. Like to learn more about Odia language.
This channel deserves way more views. Keep up the great videos.🙏
Sinhala is the only modern Indo-Aryan language which has 600 BC - 200 BC old inscriptions.
Sanskrit and Sinhala have the oldest inscriptions among all Indo-Aryan languages.
I'm an Odia. I can understand fair amount of Sinhala. ଓଡ଼ିଶାରୁ ପ୍ରେମ ❤️
@@prathamesh1998 Nice brother. Odia script is one of my favourite script. Very beautiful and Odia is one of the oldest Indo-Aryan language. ❤
@@prathamesh1998 I can understand a lot in Odia too.
@@prathamesh1998 Jaya Jagannaatha! 🙏
So it's older than Tamil? That's cool to know
Sinhala is even closer to Sanskrit than Hindi, whereas Dhivehi seems more familial with Arab rather than any Indo-Aryan language.
Yes!
Sinhala is even more closer to other indo Aryan languages like Odia, Bengali, marathi than Hindi
The Arabic influence in Dhivehi is more visible in this video because it’s a formal text and the speaker pronounced the Arabic loanwords according to the Arabic pronunciation. In normal everyday usage we don’t pronounce the Arabic throat sounds like ح خ ع so the influence is less obvious
0:05 In Dhivehi you can also say magē namakee Andy. Kihineitha?
Southernmost IE prior to European colonization
As a sinhala native speaker i can not understand any thing in devehi only the numbers are similar
The Dhihevi are tropical Muslim Indo-Europeans, let that sink in😊
Indo Aryan Languages Where Schwa Deletion never happen.
1) Sanskrit 2)Paali 3)Odia 4) Sinhala
But sometimes it happens in Odia language. 🙂 The schwa changed to "ô".
So, sometimes schwa deletion occurs in Odia. 🙂
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Nope. Its always äw. Bengali do it ôw. This channel done wrong transliteration. Hear any Odia song you will get to know it.
@@balabhadra2427 Yes. That was what I meant.
"Niila" becomes "Niilô". ( Niilaw )
"Danta" becomes "Dantô". ( Dantaw )
Etc.
It is a common characteristic of Magadhi Prakrit derived languages.
Also, I have also seen,
"Dhanyavaada" becomes "Dhanyabaad".
"Varnamaalaa" becomes "Barnamaalaa".
I have listened to a Odia song. It was a recommendation from an Odia friend. It was great. 👍
@@දුඃඛදුඃඛින් Actually in all Magadhan language "V" becomes "B" Like Varsha->Barsha->Barsa( Sha->Sa in Odia only) ,and Ksha becomes Khya(Xa)Like Suraksha-> Surakhya, Along with it in some sense "Ya" Becomes ".Ja(Za). Like Yuga->Juga.
@@balabhadra2427 It is very interesting. Thank you for the information.
I love the dhivehi language! Next you have to add greenlandic lingala and hausa
How to say water in these languages
Dhivehi: ފެން
Sinhala: ඡලය
Yes, you are correct but you have written "Chala". It is not "ඡ" ( Cha )
It should be correct as "Jala". "ජ" ( Ja )
ජල ( Jala ) = "Water" in Sinhala.
What is water in dhivehi pronounced?
@@sscdreamsfornonhinditeens9927 fen
Do one between Pali and Sanskrit or Malayalam and Tamil or English and Scots.
Sinhala= southern prakrit(probably brought by a small number of merchants from maharashtra who traded and acquired power in the island.This became the base of sinhala)+eastern prakrit(The people who became sinhalese migrated from around the vanga kingdom. Sinhalese are about 70-80% genetically similar to bengali people) +Pali(from buddhism) + Dravidian(old tamil had influence on Sinhala due to invasions and proximity to the island)+Sino-tibetan(many tibeto-burman words and genes from NE india arrived along with people who came from around vanga kingdom and later people from pyu, arakan and bamar kingdoms of myanmar, sinitic words from southern chinese dialects-mainly min varieties from Fujian due to trade and historic relations) +Austronesian(mainly old malay and javanese-due to continuous trade and proximity to the island)+ a bit of austroasiatic(again brought by people from around vanga and due to relations with mon and khmer kingdoms)+ an unknown language which only has a few substrate words(the language/languages spoken by tribes of Sri lanka prior to sinhalese migration) and of course portuguese, english and few dutch loan word due to colonization.
Genetically similar to Odias not Bengali.
Only Indo-Aryan, Dravidian and tribal.
Not Sino-Tibetan, Austronesian and Austroasiatic.
I thought that dhivehi was a part of the devanagari script
Dhivehi is in Maldives and Sinhala is in Sri Lanka
I'm Sri Lankan Tamil and I never knew Sinhala had something common with Dhivehi . 🤨
And even if Sinhalese almost killed entire Tamil population , I’m still for peace ( தமிழ் ❤️ Sinhala )
Make video on Tai language also.
Next sanskrit?
First
1st
the dhivehi language disappeared in the future because it is in the indian ocean
Wow, it is amazing to see these two languages. Thank you for posting non-popular languages. I am getting to know more about linguistics.