Citrus Psyllids Bribe Ants With Strings Of Candy Poop | Deep Look
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- Опубликовано: 12 дек 2022
- Asian citrus psyllids transmit a disease that can ruin your oranges. Even worse, Argentine ants protect them in exchange for the psyllids' delicate ribbons of sugary poop, called honeydew. So, researchers are helping orange growers fight back with invisible lasers, ghastly wasps and more trickery.
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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.
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A tiny insect called the Asian citrus psyllid is threatening your oranges, lemons and limes.
Smaller than a grain of rice, the agricultural pest sucks the sap from citrus trees and in doing so spreads a disease that ruins the fruit and eventually kills the citrus trees.
“It's pretty straightforward to tell if you have an Asian citrus psyllid infestation in your citrus,” says Mark Hoddle, who leads a laboratory at UC Riverside that studies the pest and how to beat it. “Just check the tender young green leaves at the tips of the branches. If you see the white curly cues, the insect poop dripping off of those leaves, that's almost certainly a characteristic symptom of an Asian citrus psyllid infestation.”
Hoddle’s team is studying novel ways to keep psyllids out of citrus orchards, but that task is complicated by the psyllid’s relationship with another insect, the Argentine ant.
“Their relationship is rather sinister,” says Hoddle. “The Argentine ants harvest the honey dew that the Asian citrus psyllid nymphs excrete because it's nice and sugary and the ants love eating sugar. In return for providing that sweet delicacy, the ants protect the Asian citrus psyllids from their natural enemies like the predators and the parasitic wasps that we have introduced from Pakistan.”
“The psyllids need protection from the ants because they lack defense systems,” says Hoddle. “They have recruited mercenaries to protect them.”
So to protect the valuable citrus industry, Hoddle and his team are going after the psyllids’ ant bodyguards.
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--- What is the Asian citrus psyllid?
The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a tiny insect, smaller than a grain of rice, that can spread a plant disease called citrus greening. The agricultural pest sucks the sap of citrus trees and produces strings of sugary poop.
---What is citrus greening?
Also called huánglóngbìng or HLB, citrus greening is a disease caused by a bacterial infection that causes green bitter fruit and eventually kills citrus trees. Asian citrus psyllids transmit the disease when they feed on citrus trees.
--- What does citrus greening look like?
Citrus greening often causes patches of leaves to turn a blotchy yellow and fruit that is green and bitter. These yellow patches are typically asymmetric, which helps tell it apart from other issues like nutrient deficiencies. Trees eventually lose their leaves, stop producing fruit and die.
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Hoddle lab at UC Riverside biocontrol.ucr.edu/asian-citr...
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#citruspsyllid 
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😂😂 the ant really casually strolled past and kicked the wasp off
I don’t think it even knew the wasp was there
🤣😂
We’re not having any of that here. Go about your business, you wasp!
Timestamp?
1:39
The Psyllids and Ant relationship puts the term "sugar daddy" in a different perspective
Happy New Year mate!!🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item..
Same with the Aphids
Why did I die of laughter when the ant knocked out the wasp 😂
Did not even break it's stride.
@@KQEDDeepLook "scoot"
It's not even a knock, it's more like a gentle boop.
I like how humans are learning to play chess with the ecosystem.
Wdym?
It's sad that pesticides harm other important insect species, at least they found an alternative way. I am glad to see that, thanks for sharing that with us deep look, 💯😌
You are welcome, Reion J.
I still don't like the poisoning of the ants but it's a real head scratcher on how to win that battle.
@@carto4028 frankly If the ants aren’t endangered or threatened then I’d say it’s okay.
These ants are a blessing
@@bartsmith2149 ikr right but they do all for further destruction.
I'm so repulsed by insects. But I'm basically forced to watch them on this channel, because of the superb production quality of these videos. Everything is just perfect - the filming, the script, the presentation. So I'm watching these with a sour face and with admiration.
That is the highest praise possible! #inspo
Same!
Same!
i think they are cute
TRUE 😀
Hope Laura narrates all of deep look videos. Her voice really suits every episode. Great work as always!
@@shuhgaz5803 U being way too dramatic the footage is still amazing!
Bring back Lauren I say!
Most of DL narrators are an absolute goldmine. They are so passionate about this, it's infectious
1:37 the ant literally flicked that wasp off💀✋🏽
Sometimes when life sucks, I look at this video and feel better knowing I wasn’t born a Citrus Psyllid.
Love this stuff. I remember reading years ago about similar situations where some trees upon "noticing" that their leaves were being eaten (by I want to say caterpillars) were believed to release a sort of chemical signal that actually attracts those parasitoid wasps. Rather than stringy poop the caterpillars happened to produce a glob of some sweet secretion on their back that attracted ants and led to the ants protecting them from the wasps. Blew my mind, like we all know about parasites and symbiosis and whatnot but I had no idea how complex it could be!
We did an episode about something similar, down in the Amazon rainforest: ruclips.net/video/fguo3HvWjb0/видео.html
I usually give these videos a thumbs up even before watching them. Because I know it’s going to be fantastic. This one was no exception it was fantastic thank you so much!
Thanks! We appreciate the love, Patrick!
I do that to every youtube video i watch . And i take it back only if it disappoints me 😂
@@MineCraft-nz9pg me too
I think it's worth noting that both Argentine ants and Asian citrus psyllids are invasive in the US, as there names would suggest. While specifically targeting the ants might seem cruel, it is a lot more ecologically sustainable than spraying pesticide, which would do the exact same thing, but to local insects as well.
I was looking for a comment like this. I love ants, and nature in general, so I don’t like hearing about pesticide use and the like. But the argentine ant, as the name suggests, is from South America, and the phyllid from Asia, so I knew at least one must be invasive!
1:40 bro kicked the wasp off and then minded its own business
Did not even break its stride.
I've just seen a video by Tom Scott about a parasitoid wasp, Perhaps this one (probably not), that are grown by the US government, and given to farmers, to combat stinkbugs.
It's very cool to see more wasps fighting the good fight. Amazing video!
Hi Chilledfish. I'm a producer with Deep Look. My colleague Jenny Oh made a video about the wasp that parasitizes stinkbugs: ruclips.net/video/T8y2XmjdXqw/видео.html Enjoy!
I never thought I’d be cheering for a wasp.
Thank you now I know more about these insects and even learned what the ladybug larvas look like :)
You're very welcome! We like your avatar BTW
We have a fun episode on ladybugs, too: studio.ruclips.net/user/videoc-Z6xRexbIU/edit
@@KQEDDeepLook Thank you I love your channel
@@KQEDDeepLook Nice Video watched it directly after this Video cause it interest me very much
Amazing informative content in your videos as always, can't believe it's free to enjoy.
Glad you enjoy it!
1:39 "But the ants are having none of that."
*yeets wasp into oblivion*
BOOM
You guys have beat Animal Planet when it comes to the visuals and commentary. Kudos!! (With all respect to Sir David Attenborough). I would be very grateful if you also make a few videos on our insect friends that inhabit our homes. Ways to safely warn them away, or possibly remove them. Locusts, mites, etc. anything really. A bit more on their technicalities.
Thank you! We have a whole playlist about creatures in your home: ruclips.net/p/PLdKlciEDdCQAcq_dGLtblhEgTVJA2fq56
@@KQEDDeepLook now that s very helpful!!
@@KQEDDeepLook wait, i have already watched them. enjoyed them thoroughly though.👌👌
I was today years old when I realized those weird lookin bugs are ladybug larvae.
Ladybug larvae’s are actually kinda creepy but when they are grown up they are so cute I love ladybugs and ants
glad to see the videos are connected to each other. lot's of research material to be had from a single area.
This was a really cool part-2 follow-up to the last video! Especially since it covered this 2-pronged approach to dealing with the psylids, both by planting alyssum to attract hoverflies and by using honeydew-pesticides to thin down the ant population! Just goes to show how different components of an ecosystem interact in unique ways :)
Very nice they stepped back and thought about the actual problem. Finding a much more efficient use of pesticide.
Please, never stop uploading. This channel brings me so much comfort and happiness!!
I love the connection to the last video, looking deeper into the microcosm of orange fruit groves.
Love y’alls videos. Takes me back to my childhood, lifting up stones to see what I could find.
Awesome! Thank you!
Bravo for simple scientific ideas, that remove harmful pesticides from the farms. This was a good one.
1:41 well that was rude- my man really just strolled past and kicked the wasp off that branch 😆😆
These longer Deep Look videos is what i live for. Goat content from the goat channel!
Thanks! Sounds like you don't enjoy our shorts as much? What would make them better?
What would make thwm better is that they're longer xD
Got it - thanks for the feedback!
@@KQEDDeepLook Unique short videos would make them a lot better. But shorts of a video that i've already seen is kind of pointless. And if you do post a unique short video, i might not even watch it because i'll assume i've already seen it due to the many recaps. So the best way for people to truly enjoy shorts is by only posting unique shorts content.
@@KQEDDeepLook I think the shorts of existing content are probably good for getting new viewers' interested, especially as RUclips has been pushing shorts lately. Plus they're easier to make and don't do any harm, I imagine
So fascinating the intricacies of an ecosystem occurring just around an orange tree
I'm a hobbyist photographer, and I love how you shoot these videos! every shot is so gorgeous! (I'd like to share your videos with my local community college classes, but I don't want to freak anyone out)
Lots of hardwork in filming the acts of insects, it's not just in one or two clicks .clicking actions of all those insects involved is really a tough job.. kudos to u guys and thanks for bringing this fascinating thing to our notice 😊
0:08 ant
0:12 joocy orange
0:19 ant eats white straight thing
0:25 white string thing
0:35 bug poop
0:42 white string thing on leaf
0:57 bug on leaf
1:02 butterfly bug
1:05 Butterfly bug eat snack spawner while ant is fight for snack spawner
1:24 poisonous bug looking bug
1:31 poisonous bug looking bug is touching other fellow bug
1:36 poisonous bug looking bug is giving birth to fellow bug
1:41 ant pushes poisonous bug looking bug while poisonous bug looking bug is giving birth to fellow bug
1:51 more joocy orange
1:58 snack spawner on stick and is with other fellow snack spawner
2:02 green not joocy orange or not joocy lemon
2:07 ok not lemon but it’s joocy orange
2:10 just a water sprayer
2:23 ants walking on stik
2:28 ants walking on totally wet dirt
2:37 vs ants vs butterfly bug vs water sprayer vs snack spawner
2:44 ants with snack spawner
2:48 ants are running
3:01 tree
3:02 ants walk on dead tree
3:12 technolagee
3:19 ants walk on technolagee
3:23 tiny orbee
3:30 ant eats orbee
3:38 ant slurps orbee
3:43 ant on a mounting ob dirt next to orbees
3:49 baby snack spawner
4:40 butterfly bug vs poisonous bug looking bug vs snack spawner
4:42 pt 2 of joocy orange
4:46 butterfly bug
This took so long- atleast I always have free time🤪
Thank you for this beautiful breakdown
@@rogueembrace4510 this took me so long🥲 it kept glitching lol
@@sorbetshark7886 Worth it
@@rogueembrace4510 yes
This is really interesting. I was looking forward to this one! Thank you so much! 💜✌
Beautiful, the quality of these videos is just outstanding! ❤
Hey look, one of the best YT creators uploaded again!
Saw those psyllids in the hoverfly video and was definitely looking forward for a video on them👍👍
Terribly sorry, but have never paid attention to "description" until now. Images & narrations were elegant enough to enjoy footage. Even greater work as a whole. Such a viewer-friendly program! Thanks, Laura (sorry, if not)!
More upload pls. Btw Your narration is so entertaining 😊😊
I've seen bees buzzing around cottonwood trees when they're not flowering, could you do a video about that? Someone suggested they might be eating honeydew from aphids.
some ant are just mini human with farming psyllids skill
Ants have been farming in other ways as well, for tens of millions of years, here's our episode on leafcutter ants! ruclips.net/video/-6oKJ5FGk24/видео.html
@@KQEDDeepLook underratederrangedeedopedad
The narration on this video is 💯
I find myself consistently uttering a very, satisfied “Wow” at the end of every video. Keep up the amazing work!
Happy New Year mate!!🎊🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item.
I really like your videos. They are so informative.
Citrus Psyllids getting all the attention now
This episode was so fun and informative. Good luck, hoverflies, good luck, wasps, and good luck, farmers.
superb camera work, as always
Thank you so much 😀
That's such a genius and friendly way to deal with pests WOW!
That production quality is so good. Laura's voice is such a valuable tool. Watching everything about anything at this point and I'm richer for it. Teach me nature, senpai!
Happy New Year mate!!🎊 🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item.
You had me at candy-no bribing needed :)
This channel.. so great.
I love this channel so much bruh
Happy New Year mate!!🎊🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item.
To those in the comments concerned about the Argentine ants being poisoned, an important fact that wasn’t touched on in the video is that Argentine ants are a highly invasive pest species, that displaces a variety of native insects whenever they’re introduced to a habitat.
These ants can form supercolonies, meaning neighbouring colonies won’t fight and can band together to wreak absolute havoc on native ecosystems.
I am going to need a Behind the Scenes for this one, the Barnacles episode was great. No idea how this one was shot!
Seeing the Hoverfly larvae appear: "AWWW YEAHHH! they made the sequel"
So nice, we had to show them twice.
Loved how they documented hoverflies and shows this silky poops and ants
The script writter deserve a raise!
love your channel!
Thank you so much!!
That poop to body-size ratio... just wow!
I love your videos, i get to know tiny insects and flys , very informative and deep vidos , like its name DEEP LOOK👀
I wish grow this channel like millions of subscribers 💐💐
Thanks! #inspo
This is a bittersweet story
ants: stay away from our sugar dispensing insects
farmers: stay away from OUR citrus trees!
ants realizing they can just feed off of the citrus: plan b
Another awesome video as always.
Thank you! Cheers!
Would love to see something about cochineal beetles and how theyre used for dye
We are hoping to do that story! it was one we were considering before the pandemic.
How the ant bit down on that caterpillar!! 🤣
I don't think I've ever seen an aesthetic maggot before but those hoverfly larvae look just like lil green caterpies!
Happy New Year mate!!🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item..
Nature... Incredible in all its aspects. From beauty to cruelty...
This is the coolest thing ever
So, somebody's poop, somebody else's candy, hah. Well, what's the difference between that and bees' poop we call honey?
Another gem from DL :)
Yes a new video finally
*Man, if my poop tasted like candy, I'd be pretty popular too!*
Woah.. this was too intriguing and engaging.. what a cool video!!
Glad you enjoyed it!
Definetly a good progress.
I wonder if it would be possible to create a physical or chemical berrier at the bottom of the trunk.
Sticky glue has been used a lot but maybe the opposite would be able to keepnantsnfrom climbing. (like the coating some tropical plants have to catch insects)
Since ants rely on chemical signaling, maybe that would be a good route too. Disrupting their paths and preventing them from going up the trees
Great video!!
Appropriate diversity of environment is key to keeping this in check, in positive balance, not in negative imbalance.
I don't know since how many year i am following deep look still I am not board with this channel even learn something new every time
aah new deep look video, much appreciation from a viewer in Aus!
Nice narration and video too
Happy New Year mate!!🎊 🎊
Granting you a massive (Gift-wrap) prezzie, kindly send a direct inbox 📥 above 👆to Grant your item.
This is super interesting, but kinda sad at the same time😬
Yes, MORE ANT
Yet another candidate for my big insect dnd world
Wow this is so cool! Do the hoverfly larva have any defenses against ants?
Hello Sprutulututu, I'm a producer with Deep Look. I produced our recent episode about hoverflies, in which we described how their maggots dig their mouthparts into the ants and inject them with venom. Have a watch here: ruclips.net/video/E3nLuK7D7LY/видео.html Cheers, Gabriela
@@gabrielaquiros1966 Thank you so much for the reply! I will check it out!
The tiny world is much more dramatic than I ever thought.
Omg thx deep look 😭😭😭🙏🙏🙏
Using the ants' love of sweets against them... insidious!
Yay laura is back!
very interesting (deep respect to deep look)
i always baffled of how brutal the insects world are 😅
The psyllid trying to shake the wasp off was very cute. These psyllids in particular are very cute-looking. Too bad they mess the trees that grow the juice oranges many people and animals enjoy.
Good or bad insects are so nesscary for our own survival. I like it when farmers and scientists work together to control the negative aspects in a conservative way. I hope these practices are available to all farmers and growers no matter where they are in the world.
Hello @Deep Look, which camera do you recommend to take good pictures of insects?
Well I’m glad to see that they have found a way to get the bodyguards out of the equation and get after the culprits that are destroying the citrus trees
That's one way to gain protection.
So those are the pest I have to lookout for when I buy my own citrus tree
the music at 1:20 reminded me of West Side Story
WOW So Beautiful Video, Congratulations, Wishing you more and more Successes, greetings and Blessings 💜💐🌹
"These are delicious! What are they?"
"Poop."
"Haha, no, seriously, what are they?"
"They're poop Antony. You're eating poop."
"..."
Wow that's incredible!!
Thanks, Kim!
@@KQEDDeepLook you're welcome you have the best animal videos!
Surprising Vids as always.
Glad you like them!
How to control citrus psylla. Please give details regarding chemical.