ULTRA cheap compressed air energy storage could replace lithium batteries
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- Опубликовано: 9 июн 2024
- ULTRA cheap compressed air energy storage could replace lithium batteries
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There are so many alternatives to store energy, none of which were possible when the world was dominated by the fossil fuel industry. Now all the creativity is emerging, which is exciting!
You do realize the reason compressed air storage is possible is because of the fossil fuel industry? They have perfected this technology a long time ago for storing gasses underground. The fossil fuel companies really dont care anyways. More than half the worlds population is in developing countries. The oil industry isnt going anywhere for at least a century. Oil is used as a feedstock for basically everything.
Compressed air has been used for half a century, flywheels too, water pumped up hill to be released downhill later, on and on. Compressed air is inefficient battery.
@@Mrbfgray They combine compressed air with heat/cold storage recycling which raises the round-trip efficiency to acceptable levels. Worse than other options, but good enough (75-60%).
In exchange, in offers an scalable solution with a cheap price and doesn't require new industries for manufacturing most of the equipment which allows to make local manufacture of the technology and doesn't require critical materials.
It's a good contender for the 4-20 hour storage market.
On other side, maybe sodium-ion could reach and even beat that price, and works on the same market, with almost the same qualities and even better round-trip efficiency, so maybe it has no space to grow. We will see in the near future.
If Electric Cars Were Honest - Honest Ads (Tesla EV Parody)
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@@oatlegOnYt It is not 'good enough'.
The Zhangjiakou CAES plant in China, can store and release up to 400 MWh, at a system design efficiency of 70.4%.
It may be cheap but it will not be very efficient. There are large losses in the compressing process because of high heat rejection and thermal losses. If you need a simple example, look at mechanic's power tools. A handheld impact wrench driven by compressed air requires a compressor of several horsepower and the same job can be done with a cordless battery powered tool with much lower power rating.
efficiency doesnt matter when the source energy is limitless.
@@MrkBO8- if “the source energy is limitless”, why would you need to store it?
@@dcartier1692 to concentrate it.
@@dcartier1692 Dam vs river
Viking out of his depth.
All these are zombie ideas, just won’t die.
Batteries are amazing, with incredible learning / cost reduction curves (Wrights etc).
Physical system have so many inefficiencies.
Pumped hydro (closed loop, off-river) is best, but many poor examples too (like Snowy2.0)
I recall UPS experimenting with compressed air to improve fuel mileage to supplement their delivery vehicles.
While it worked and did help, as I recall, it wasn't really feasible on a $/ mi basis.
Many things that are not practical in mobile applications perform well in stationary setups.
Air powered, runs on SCBA tanks
Citywide compressed air energy systems have been built since 1870.
The first utility-scale diabatic compressed air energy storage project was the 290 megawatt Huntorf plant opened in 1978 in Germany using a salt dome with 580 MWh energy, 42% efficiency.
Air compressors have been storing power for years. Heck, I got one.
Tell me where to get one. I mean it. Or even send on video
@@davidbutler99 look for Amish motor,they use compres air for all type of machines, washing machines, wood working etc.
Hi Sam. Good video. I think you may not have emphasised that this type of system is gear to long-term storage and supplement battery systems. Highview is building six Cryogenic Air Energy Storage systems in Australia. Two are well into the development phase. 1st 90MW/1170MWH Northern Territory Katherine-Darwin network. 2nd 22MW/380MWH Owen Spring Power Station. Source RUclips "Just Have a Think" 4wks ago 😊
Where I grew up that is how elevators worked using water instead of air. A pump powered by the flow of water in the river pumped water into towers which was used to power the elevators when going up while simply draining the water from the lift cylinders lowered them. These tower systems were also used to provide city water pressure without the need to run additional pumps globally. Its a very old concept that has worked well for centuries.
Best!
And the miracle battery of the week goes to...
😅😂
Zackly
Another silly idea that will go absolutely nowhere.
Mechanical Energy Storage has been around much longer than Electrical Energy Storage. We used to live next to the Rocky River Plant in Connecticut. It and the associated Candlewood Lake were built in 1926 to add hydro storage for NYC to a power plan built on the Housatonic River in about 1900. It is still operating today. One of the challenges of such systems are that they are often VERY LARGE and as a result they require large capital investments and have to be built out where land is cheap.
So basically all of USA's states, and Australia? 🙃
@@mrblurleighton In the US, 86% of the population lives on 3% of the land. That land is really expensive (1M$/acre or more) . Unfortunately, that is where you need the most power.
@@connecticutaggie Most continential American states have some amount of wilderness that is uninhabited for various reasons. There's no problem for the power to be generated somewhere else within a few hundred miles. As you've said, only a very small percentage of land is used for humans living. Those places tend to be located relatively close to the over half of America used for agriculture.
The compressed air energy storage system works great at small scale. Scaling it up to >100 MW scale is a totally different story. You mentioned 100 bar pressure in the story which is 1,450 psi. At the very large scale, this requires a great deal of complexity in the mechanical system to ensure safety and reliability. Just by looking at the video you showed, a trained mechanical engineer can tell you that the capital investment for a very large scale compressed air storage system will be very high. The regulations governing high pressure vessel design and installation is very different than the regulations governing solar PV installations. The regulations for high pressure vessels require the structural components to carry very high safety margins and require frequent mandatory inspections that are very expensive for the operator. You won't have this kind of high recurring cost for solar PV installations. Maybe this is why we have no compressed air storage energy storage system at very large scale yet.
It has it's advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages, it has a significant discharge rate in the heat recycling. If the cycle is soon enough, the efficiency is high, but after some time that heat is lost and the efficiency drop significantly. On other side, once you have lost that energy, the efficiency reach a bottom that it's constant no matter how much time is added. Still, for very long storage, I think it will take higher price than other solutions like hydrogen. It remains cheap for high cycle, similar to batteries, like 4-20 hours of storage. No more, because you enter in the efficiency loose mode.
As for frequency regulation, it depends on the turbine capability. But I guess cheap batteries with the help of some supercapacitors can do a better job here. So their natural market is that level of storage (4-20 hours).
Not a bad thing. It's the most cost-effective range of storage for now. It's better that level and use renewable with some level of curtailment than add too much storage to compensate.
Compressed air is an interesting possibility for static long term storage. There are some factors to consider. Compressing air leads to condensation of water vapour as it is cooled. This is well known. The air would need to be dried to prevent corrosion of the tanks.
Vessels subject to alternate high and low pressures have a design number of cycles, or fatigue failure may occur.
Expanding air through an engine or turbine results in a drop in temperature. Expansion from 100 bars would need to be done in several stages with interstage heating. It may be possible to use this very cold air to do refrigeration.
I believe that 2 Air Batteries are currently under construction in OZ. The working prototype is in the UK. Apparently what makes them so inexpensive is that they are manufactured from standard parts (HP Tanks, Valves, compressors etc) used by the fossil fuel industry. No irony there.
Buoyancy batteries have been researched and demonstrated in various scales for a good 10 years now. I don't know why you gave all the credit to this random team and presented them as if they have come up with such a genious breakthrough!
Fascinating! 😊
This has been done in many situations. Pallet trucks come to mind.
Citywide compressed air energy systems have been built since 1870.Cities such as Paris; Birmingham, England; Dresden, Rixdorf and Offenbach, Germany; and Buenos Aires, installed such systems. Victor Popp constructed the first systems to power clocks by sending a pulse of air every minute to change their pointer arms. They quickly evolved to deliver power to homes and industries. As of 1896, the Paris system had 2.2 MW of generation distributed at 550 kPa in 50 km of air pipes for motors in light and heavy industry. Usage was measured by cubic meters.The systems were the main source of house-delivered energy in those days and also powered the machines of dentists, seamstresses, printing facilities and bakeries.
The first utility-scale diabatic compressed air energy storage project was the 290 megawatt Huntorf plant opened in 1978 in Germany using a salt dome with 580 MWh energy, 42% efficiency.
Still got moving parts compared to Batt's. IMO, I think Gravity stored energy in used coal pitts is a better and can still run if there is excess power on the grid.
Man I've been dreaming of winching bouys full of air to the sea floor as energy storage for years! So glad someone's finally doing it!
Its a very interesting idea. Maybe replace the air with very light fluid and you could winch to the bottom of the ocean without crushing your bouy. From the internet "saturated solution of lithium in liquid ammonia (approx. 4NH3 ⋅Li) has a boiling point above RT, and is significantly less dense (=0.48 g/ml) than isopentane (0.62), or plain ammonia (0.77)". The cable could be plastic to make it neutral bouyancy.
Compressed air as an energy source is not new but has long been overlooked. There were compressed air cars in France some 27 years ago.
The trouble with many of these physical energy storage systems is that they have poor energy storage capacity compared to chemical batteries. Cryogenic air liquefaction may be a better option (Dave from Just Have A Think) did a good video on this recently, but in terms of grid scale storage pumped hydro is still the only game in town.
The most efficient and cheapest mechanical way is and always will be getting water to an elevated place. I wouldn't use pumps to get it up but get a closed system where the water is covered with a black ... well...cover...so that it evaporates and rises up without the help of any electricity driven pumps.
This Changes EVERYTHING 😂😂😂😂
IT'S A GAME CHANGER!!!
This is really the same thing as hanging a dead weight off a rope and using gearing to drive generator just upside down. The main advantage is it might be possible to implement as an integrated system on an off shore wind turbine. By passing cables to the ankers and having big floats getting pulled nearly to the sea floor and letting it back up to get back the energy you put in.
If you used.
Welcome to the clockworks world.
Because I know an old man who has a 2017 Chevy bolt who is getting over 310 miles on a charge because of his driving habits and learning to use that regenerative breaking so it’s possible to get over what they claim you just have to be a relaxed person and do the speed limits. Don’t speed don’t accelerate hard, it doesn’t matter if you’re an AV that all goes back to just don’t accelerate hard like you’re a NASCAR driver I know lots of Tesla drivers that do that they burn through their their miles and their tires so quick
Be interesting to compare this to molten salt, and gravity (cranes lifting blocks) storage methods. The advantage of batteries is the speed you can turn them on and off. Maybe a mix of both batteries and cheaper physical storage methods would be ideal.
It's all garbage. These dumb ideas have been around for decades.
I believe in the Seattle area there is a large old mine converted to compressed air storage. LFP is maintenance free and instant response time to demand. So clearly LFP is still needed as a percentage of stationary storage.
I would be interested to see a comparison in space used for the different type of batteries.
... but is this any _safer_ than lithium storage? If there's a sudden drastic increase in pressure and no fail-safe system for venting that pressure, you're gonna experience a really big boom... A really BEEEEEG Bada-BOOM!
The mine thing is genius, it puts an expended resource back to work in an alt form.
Bloody crazy times and my brain is mashed cheers mate
It's true , augwinds compressed air battery is indeed cheaper and lasts longer than lithium ion batteries. With cost reductions being possible in the future, although Im not an expert
Similar to the flatbed train cars on a long slow sloping hill with tons of weight loaded on them. Never heard about that one ever again either.
How about the Solar Wind Energy Tower that was supposed to be built in San Luis Arizona.
Never heard about it ever again either.
As with any non chemical energy storage, mechanical wear/maintenance needs to added in the operating costs.
All these technologies are awesome but I don't think the public will adopt them willingly until they cost the same or less as current electricity. Even 90c per kwh is still 3x the current cost of electricity in western Australia
60% round trip effeciense would be okay if they are cheap to build, but also a lot of mowing part and therefore maintenense. Air compressor for industri cost a lot to maintain.
When you look back to the Victorians, they used compressed air and steam to run their machinery 😮
So it's basically like a gravity battery, but needs compressed air. Seems like an "old fashioned" gravity battery would be simpler.
For any storage system 1st thing I think of is how efficient is it.
60% seems low
I have a rooftop solar at home, it produces enough electricity to fully power my house with excess to power another three houses, yet the system is at best only 21% production efficient.
Sure you want the best efficiency possible and to reduce losses as much as possible. But all renewable energy systems for grid scale deployment are still essentially getting off the ground, they are going to evolve and get better over time. So fair go, give these things a chance.
If you think that's low check out the hydrogen fuel cycle that some people get excited about, it's much worse. If the cost is as low as they say, the efficiency won't matter as much. I have my doubts though as this tech has been around for a hundred years and hasn't moved out of specialized industries.
It is low, but matters on cost as well. If it is lets say 2 x cheaper then the alternative which is 90 % effecnt then it prob be worth it more to have the cheaper storage since engeration can get stupidly cheap with solar panels.
-lifetime energy output per $$ invested - including opportunity cost may beat efficiency concerns, if one isn't paying fair price for the energy resource :
Noting well, that fossil fuels are usually taxed - "royalties" while sun, wind - some hydro) and wave resources are "untaxed" and one merely has to provide the infrastructure inputs... Should these green energy resources be free to commercial interests, or taxed - in the national interest, just like land, coal, gas and oil (and everything else which is plundered off "our" - the people's - land??
@@kadmow
1st the rain tax
next a sun tax
How about a breathing tax
Right
HYBRID Compressed air Busses are also a good ideea! Little cars whith compresed air propulsion were produced in France 15 years ago@
I'd like to see a mix of "insanely cheap" energy storage solutions. The single thing I dislike about the visuals are that they seem to be putting stuff under ground. They also use mechanical components. That begs questions about how they will be serviced.
Gravity is energy storage as well, you post something and then drop it getting the energy somewhat back
Ambient temperature may be a significant factor, compressed air card that functioned acceptably in India, wound just not be practical on a cold part of the world.
Somewhat like old time factories with a central steam engine? powering machines via elaborate belt and pulley power transmission, air pipes could directly power machinery in a steam punk like approach.
My numbers 5 years ago was very positive for liquid air but the issue of labor to run the system seems a deal breaker. Thoughts?
I heard about gravity batteries and also about other types of battery such as hydrogen or compressed air or lead acid or …
We can also combine other types of battery with gravity battery. for example if you have led acid battery then more over than using their chemical aspects to store the energy we can use wight as battery to have combinational batteries.
When it comes to air compressed batteries that even is more interesting, because we can lift the battery when it is empty and when it is up in the maximum position in the air then, and we don't have any more module to lift to store the energy then we can fill them/it up with liquid (compressed) air that is heavy as well. Then, when they come down to the ground to release their gravity energy, they are much heavier than the first place. After it comes to the ground, then we can still use the compressed air energy of it.
This idea is very raw and might require some more working around and correction but it shows the main concept
OK, I've just read the published paper, it says nothing about compressed air, I think we all know that wont work. The experiment was done in a 50cm graduated beaker, using a piece of Styrofoam, an electric motor and a 9volt battery. They achieved an efficiency of 36%. They were comparing various parameters of this device, with a lithium ion battery. We would all agree that lithium ion batterys are probably not a modern bench mark to be compared to. This mechanism is simply the reverse of a gravity system, but more complicated and harder to build and maintain because its underwater. A hole and a big weight would be better.
Like all new areas various solutions will probably be tried on hopeful of having a winning method. This is limited to vast grid scale so no use to the home or vehicle energy storage systems. There is room for many ways, and variety may be a good insurance and cost pressure on them all.
Anywhere that has even an occasional power cut will know a home back up is more important than anything else. Ever more so in this age as so much stops on lack of power.
Crazy relevant, no one else talks about it
What about gravity energy storage especially in old mines .
Funny the first time I heard this was more than a decade ago and it was being used in taxis in Mexico.
Great until one of those big tanks explodes. Compressed tanks do go bang, especially when not properly maintained, and one of those going off would make a big old mess.
Nah It's big rubber bands. I hear they have raised a few billion in seed money already.
in 2023 it was clear that large Gravity battery systems was to way to go they are so much better than Snowy 2.0 and 75% cheaper
I think the floating thing will be of limited use. The numbers for letting a body float to the surface are the same as for letting the same weight of water descend a hill. Take a look at how much water is used in a pumped storage system. That is the total floating thing size that will be needed for the float system.
Compressing air is a better idea but really it should be some gas other than just air. Dry nitrogen would perhaps work. The idea is to make a really huge system of tanks in an old mine or something. The tanks would have to be very strong and well insulated. The advantage of a gas is that it is easy to make an engine run from to spin the generator.
Movement is not soo much energie as one might think. Seawater is hell!
you know how bug these tanks really have to be to make meaningful change - water falling into that mineshaft and repumped out may well be the lowest cost solution with such industrial artefacts....
@@kadmow Pumped storage at Niagara is cheaper
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed-air_energy_storage
PS: Compressed air tank with a heated chamber (more pressure) was first used in torpedoes in 1904.
This reminds me of the FARTS, System i (Free Air Retaining Turbulence System)
Very similar concept
I have got one of those systems myself. It's very turbulent.
@@BrentonSmythesfieldsaye - occasionally releases odours, may result in skid-marks, in extremis (apparently).
They might also be an alternative to batteries in cars also. There were many locomotives that ran on pneumatic power in the 1900s. I remember one in Grand Central Station. With today's high pressure tanks it just might work. Compressed air is better than the haz mats in the batteries.
Looking for 'compressed-air' as an adjunct to EV. Yeah, hybrid EV-CA platform. Tesla has a limited 'regen-to-recharge' capability today, but using the 'regen-for-compression' could be cheap/scalable/versatile. This would be a 'hybrid' that really changes the game in mobility. I'm looking to convert Cybertruck into a RO/RO "powered-pontoon" boat, and you can imagine how a compressed-air system works in that scenario(...?) That means off-road and over-water(!) Gives new meaning to 'hybrid' technology, not the little add-on batteries that are just a milage-manipulation scam for ICE production👀👀👀Next up; "Energy Is Everywhere": Kinetic and Geothermal, with capture/storage/delivery systems, already in use with dams[...see Costa Rica geothermal] could be much more productive and efficient. Dams/geothermal are also useful for water purification, and hydrogen capture/production(...?)
The channel "Two Bit Davinci" has a video that suggests we do the same thing, but with CO2.
Just google solutionair and you get the people that developed compressed air for driving cars and trucks. They can have a compressed air to 800 bar and put on a truck with 40 ton cargo and drive 700 km with it. Fueling with compressed air takes only 4 min.
the best way to store energy are sodium batteries
Assertion without evidence. Pointless!
Compression and decompression of air results in heat which can be lost. The Joule Thompson effect is how heat pumps and air conditioning work. So efficiencies and the speed of return could make them not as desirable as one might first think.
Compression of air results in heat. Decompression of air results in cooling. Creating a vacuum in a cylinder lowers the temp in the cylinder although the air expelled on the exhaust side of the vacuum pump will be hot as it is getting compressed by the vacuum pump to move it from inside a partial vacuum to ambient air pressure. It's all quite fascinating.
sounds to good to be true. can anyone tell me if they did their own research and this is true?
this is an old idea that became viable when the price of solar dropped
Zero emissions and zero environmental leakage issues.
Compressed air is absolutely clean.
If it is cheaper is logical because of 60% efficiency, but to me the real point is that it is far far less contaminant... 🤞🙏
Closed Loop Pumped Hydro Electric Storage is the solution staring us all in the face.
It’s mature, LCOE is very low, long lifetime, very efficient and very simple.
97% of all electrical storage NOW in the world is hydro. Same technology, just closed-loop.
Compressed air is an interesting possibility for static long term storage. There are some factors to consider. Compressing air leads to condensation of water vapour as it is cooled. This is well known. The air would need to be dried to prevent corrosion of the tanks.
Vessels subject to alternate high and low pressures have a design number of cycles, or fatigue failure may occur.
Expanding air through an engine or turbine results in a drop in temperature. Expansion from 100 bars would need to be done in several stages with interstage heating. It may be possible to use this very cold air to do refrigeration.
Unfortunately you need a nice high plateau close to a nice low plain. Not many places have the correct geography
I have been doing compressed air my whole life, so far its only been able to clear a room😂
My 40 year old thought was raising weights up and down. Seems low tech and possible at a personal level
An Oceangate Titan for every person.
I have that home to oparate tools
I don't understand the 97 cent per kilowatt hour and the dollar something that was quoted. When electricity even in expensive state 40 cents currently. Are you referring to initial setup cost? Either way that's a pretty good deal.
- installation costs are often quoted in power (or energy for a storage system) - "nameplate capacity", one may HOPE TO GET AT LEAST SEVERAL CYCLES out of such a system - bringing operating costs to "competitive values?. - ha ha... one can hope.
Cents per "unit of energy stored" sounds optimistic, or necessitating a very large installation.
60% round trip is very low. Lithium batteries are 90+%
You can't afford lithium, your options are 60% or using hydrogen for 25%.
But it is much cheaper, and far far less contaminant... 🙏
Battery storage is simple and reliable. I wouldn’t want a bunch of mechanical parts involved.
A battery can operate a motor. So can a battery that compresses air. But each step, you will lose some energy along the way.
If any of these systems had a lower total cost of energy than lithium batteries they would already be in production, they are made from tanks and pumps so no new tech is needed.
Sometimes all the bits of a better idea are there and people don't put it together. Look at the things that lead to the engines used in cars.
Perfume atomizers worked like carburetors on cars do and were used for years.
There was a device for detecting flammable gases that used a spark in a chamber.
Steam engines had cranks and pistons and valves.
All of that was around for years before they got together.
Anything that has moving parts subject to wear tear, staff to provide maintenance, etcetera.
Utilities prefer having centrally sourced and distributed energy so they can set any charge they wish, because it's what they like a monopoly.
The Monopoly gets the gold mine and the people get the shaft😢
On the other hand solar power and the electronics very little maintenance compared to mechanical equipment and even better it can be located on houses everywhere.
How about winding up giant springs?
Works for clocks
I've seen this on Tiktok!
Better more cheaper the Battery 🔋🔋 Cheaper the EVs🚗 👍👍👍
It sounds like this would require A LOT of land. If you include the price of the land and the cost of putting everything underground is compressed air storage still cost effective?
You mean just like open cut coal mines, nuclear/coal/gas based electicity power generation plants have always required "a LOT of land".
What is your point? Industrial facilities require land and always have, why are you questioning this now after every other power generation facility that preceded this type of facility in the video content?
Where I live they are already working on one of these projects. They are using an old salt cavern underground. None of this is really new. The oil industry has been compressing gas underground in these caverns for a very long time.
@@BrentonSmythesfieldsaye Because he is comparing it to battery storage farms and those are often close to the generation or usage points and the cost of land at those location is often really high - that might skew the price so much that batteries are cheaper. Where this could really make sense is if you could build it under a solar farm (or maybe even a regular farm) so the land still gets used.
@@pin65371 is the project near you pumped hydro or compressed air?
@@connecticutaggie "the cost of land at those location is often really high" - How do we confirm that? Is there an official assessment report that descibes and confirms this, if so what is the source?
There actually used to exist cars that drove on compressed air. It worked better then hydrogen.
The videos are of buried cylinders but you talk about underwater buoys 🤷♂️
I think its AI generated video program Sam uses
It's true. And dumb. Buoyancy concept has a hollow float inside a large pressurized tank which is half (?) filled with water. To store energy pull the float down below the water line. Dumb
Oh, they are going to mine air... Better hold your breath!
IF WIMD POWER IS USE to compres air directly it will increase production at least 40% .
So it costs less to make this system, but at a 60% efficiency it will take more wind or solar capacity than lithium batteries. And over the life of the battery system that 30% round trip loss cost will be larger than the initial cost differential.
A simpleton here, so in your opinion, is this not only a viable alternative, is it a profitable one? Either way, why should we rely on your opinion/comment as authoritarive? Curious minds want to know.
Compressed air does not work, when the air is released it freezes and blocks the nozzle of the vessel holding the air.
This article published April 1st? 😂😂
Well, I guess compressed air cars are just around the corner.
Just sounds like a FART in the wind 😂
I still dont get how everybody is hyped by solar/wind/energy storage when there is tousands times more energy stored in unit volume of uranium atoms and we've been having the technology for 60-70 years now.
because if we build reactors on a large scale there is only about 70 years of fuel
It mostly has to do with cost of the whole system. Uranium is cheap but a nuclear power plant is one of the most expensive things ever dreamed up. A solar array makes electrical power at a far lower price per KWH.
Also the cost of fission power plants has been rising for 70 years, as opposed to falling for most sustainable alternatives.
@@MrkBO8 Interesting. I don't know exactly but I would guess that's refering to known resources. We could still look for more if there was incentive to do so. Few decades ago there were suggestions that we would run out of oil by 2020, and here we are. That's not to say burning oil is good, but just to make a point that there is most likely much more uranium to be found.
Do 5 minutes of research and you will understand.
Electrochemical batteries have the undeserved advantage of familiarity. People touch them, buy them and use them. When thinking about energy storage, its the only thing on their minds. The unfamiliar technologies can't compete in the minds of those who have never heard of them.
Doubt it. Lots of work needs to be done to compress air, huge heat losses. Never worked before, so why now?
There are MANY ways to store energy. I would not call most of them "batteries". Batteries have an advantage in space, but where space allows it is most likely not the most cost effective. To me batteries are electro-chemical only. Fly-wheel/heat storage/etc. are other matters entirely.
Yeah but movement is usually not so energie intense!
Comparable with electric batteries??? The conversion efficiency of 'electricity' to 'compressed air' and of 'compressed air' back to 'electricity' are key. Maybe it is a very large scale solution to store wind energy during windy days that cannot be fed to the grid all at once. Perhaps windturbines can compress air without intermediate conversion into electric energy, such that compressed air batteries deliver electricity continuously to the grid.
Cars can run on compressed air,maybe10 miles
You didn't go into the round trip efficiency at all. LiFePO4 is something like 95% of the energy in comes out again. You seem to be detailing 2 different compressed air type batteries here. You're talking about buoyancy systems while showing underground compressed air tanks. Which one is it?
Also, any time there's gas turbines involved your maximum efficiency out is around 60%. Great when you've got cheap electricity to store and sell later above cost, but less great when there are already other efficient storage options like pumped hydro competing.
Gravity batteries are interesting, tall wind turbines, tall gravity batteries - why aren't they integrated?
Check out Engineair by Angelo Di'Pietro Melbourne Australia
What’s terrible: a BS paper is written every day but no one reads them. 😅
@4:36 "Efficiency of 60% equipment" What is that?
@4:57 "Square meters of air" ???
But most range in miles per tank and gas are based off the speed limit and how you accelerate in decelerate. It’s not 5 miles an hour over the speed limit 10 miles an hour. You’re not gonna get the mileage yet your vehicles based on you’re gonna get less vice versa you drive slower you get more.
Put a cap on a volcano 🌋