How Oxygen Masks Brought Down a Plane
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- Опубликовано: 12 сен 2024
- The same safety feature that gives you oxygen during an airplane emergency caused a plane to crash in 1996. How did something meant to keep you safe end up killing over 100 people?
#planecrash #oxygenmask #oxygengenerator
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Credits:
Executive Producers:
George Zaidan
Hilary Hudson
Producers:
Elaine Seward
Andrew Sobey
Darren Weaver
Writer/Host:
Alex Dainis, PhD
Scientific consultants:
Michelle Boucher, PhD
John Graf, PhD
Brianne Raccor, PhD
Sources:
Background on the disaster
www.coffeytria...
Amount of oxygen at 30,000 feet
milehightraini...
Size and shape of chemical oxygen generators
lessonslearned... • Video
Canister components
www.darylariaw... .
www.ntsb.gov/i...
Decomposition reaction
science.howstu....
NTSB accident report
www.ntsb.gov/i...
How airplane oxygen generators work
www.skybrary.a...
Why the O2 mask might smell smokey
www.usatoday.c....
The role of barium peroxide in chemical oxygen generators
pubs.acs.org/d...
Amount of oxygen generated
lessonslearned...
Oxygen candle use on submarines and ISS
• How Do Nuclear Submari...
www.space.com/...
FAA Accident lessons learned
lessonslearned...
Contractor found guilty, mechanic still on the run
www.nytimes.co... .
www.clickorlan... ; www.fbi.gov/ne...
Oxygen jar experiment
pubs.acs.org/d...
Fire melted aluminum components
www.washington...
Safety regulations changed after the crash
www.wtsp.com/a...
The NTSB had been trying to get fire detection and suppression systems installed in cargo holds for years. However, the industry and the FAA had resisted such moves. This accident is what forced their hand.
Also, the canisters were placed in cardboard boxes, which is why the fire started, as the incredibly high temperatures ignited the cardboard, which helped spread the fire and activated the rest of the canisters.
A totally different oxygen safety feature caused a Qantas airlines accident in 2008! An oxygen tank designed to be used in the cockpit exploded and ripped a hole through the side of the plane, forcing an emergency landing. Thankfully, everyone made it back to the ground safely.
EDIT: The list of ingredients we show at 1:25 can vary. Manufacturers usually include a cation source (like lithium, sodium, or potassium) and an oxygen source, like chlorate or perchlorate. Together with a promoter like iron and a chlorine scavenger like barium peroxide, these ingredients react to make breathable oxygen!
Great video, well written and well presented. Loving this channel. Keep it up.
The headline is miss leading. It was not the oxygen mask that caused the accident, it was the oxygen generators stored improperly in the cargos.
I always thought that the O2 in that system was ram air for some reason. Thanks for clearing up a misconception I never knew I had!
Safety Last, it's sad regulations come after people die.
Against stupidity the gods themselves contend in vain.
It's also a fact that new accidents happen, because one doesn't know that is a possible outcome and then the regulations get better and more secure. Not saying we should be easy on this (this case in particular of course bot) but sometimes big accidents happen and we just don't yet how to solve them because it was never an issue.
No progress without risks
So happy to see Dr. Dainis back on this channel. Very interesting video.
Thank you!! I'm super glad to be back :)
I had no idea about any of this!! Sooo cool
Thanks, Xyla!!
Saw this on Airplane Disasters. So tragic and so preventable.
Oh its like the oxygen candles on submarines! Destin from smartereveryday showed one in his submarine series :)
Yes! I totally watched his video when I was writing this one to see what the sub ones looked like. So much bigger!
@@AlexDainisPhD so cool! Great video btw, like many acs videos it explained something i didnt know i wanted to know, but I'm glad i do now :p
@@AlexDainisPhD Yeah! The explosion on HMS _Tireless_ under the ice cap in 2007 that killed two sailors was apparently one of those going off.
They also use these candles on space stations! There was one incident on Mir with these candles that nearly ended up in a disaster.
Great to see Dr. Dainis on here! I'd known some sort of chemical generator was used but didn't realize it's essentially the same thing as oxygen candles used in submarines.
Isn't it cool! I loved that the same tech was used in subs and on the ISS!
@@AlexDainisPhD too darn cool. The ISS part was wholly new to me. It makes sense they'd need emergency backup and since subs have been using them for a while it's tried and tested. I'd totally be down for a whole episode about how the ISS maintains a breathable atmosphere in non-emergency situations.
I didn't even know oxygen candles were a thing until the Smarter Every Day series that discussed it.
It would be interesting to simulate the reaction in the chemlab using a small pile of the reagents on a heatproof mat, just to get an appreciation for what would be happening inside the canisters. Monitor the exotherm using an infrared digital thermometer. Visually, I imagine that there'd be a feint orange glow, produced by the oxidation of the iron. A little hisssssssssss from the oxygen gas produced. I think potassium chlorate can be substituted for the sodium salt. The advantage of the potassium salt is that it is not hygroscopic.
Wow, I’m amazed I was unaware of this accident. Very well told and I also learned the importance of that sharp tug in activating the mask. They sort of tell you to do that, but without understanding the reason I doubt I would have remembered it.
*Best Channel* . Kuddos to the makers for actually dressing as an _airhostess_ and getting an oxygen mask
Just one thing to mention is that if you're flying at cruising altitude and you lost pressure, without a mask you don't suffocate, you're still breathing in air but it's thinner and has a lower oxygen saturation. You don't suffocate, the medical term for it is Hypoxia and it's deadly, because rather than suffocating and struggling to breathe, you just slowly become more and more disorentated the longer you're left without a mask until you pass out and eventually die. The worst part about it is that it feels like being drunk or high. You become confused, some people become delierious, some people become aggressive and it intensifies and then eventually, you pass out. They're serious when they say put yours on before anyone else around you.
The HEADLINE is MISLEADING. It was not the oxygen mask that caused the accident, it was the oxygen generators stored improperly in the cargos.
As a Pilot watching this video you did a good job on this video explaining but You said emergency decent profile to get you back on the ground its not really for that its just for us to get to 10,000 feet, for thicker air so everyone can breath if you have poor lung function you still might struggle but you'll be alive, we could be right in the middle of the Atlantic ocean and we will do the same thing and fly to the nearest available runway which can be really far, In the cockpit we have gas tanks supplying us with plenty of oxygen attendants also have tanks they can carry, and they will have spares.
I had to breath from an oxygen candle during Marine Corps Flight Deck Firefighting Training. I was amazed at how bad it DIDN'T smell. It just smelled like air (and sweaty Marines) to me.
Awesome video, but all of Alex's content is great
Subbed.
This random Knowledge is what I crave.
Also everything was well explained and interesting. Love this stuff
Just before you get all excitedThe headline is miss leading. It was not the oxygen mask that come from the ceiling that caused the accident, it was the oxygen generators stored improperly in the cargos.
This is making me think of the fire during Gerry Linegar's stay on the Mir space station.
Welcome back Dr. Alex! :D
Thank you!!! I'm so excited to be back :)
So the headline is a bit misleading. It was not the units that were carried on the plane. It was extras being carried for maintenance. And it was because they were stored improperly.
Is that all you got out of this story?
'fun' fact, when they (NTSB) were testing this theory, they almost destoryed their test chamber because the reaction was so hot.
Another great video! Really, all the videos on this channel are so good. Thanks, ACS.
Is that the compound Destin from SmarterEveryDay showed in a military submarine sometime ago? Interesting and good to know...
Nice crisp explanation, thx.
The plane hit in a vertical dive , hitting the shallow water extremely fast ..it punched thru the bedrock to a lower void , much of the plane remains lost
Hell! ""Things will go wrong in any given situation, if you give them a chance."
Great, another source of anxiety during flights: tiny bombs over our heads...
woah heres someone i havent seen making science vids in a while
They should have flown the solid boosters in one piece for the space shuttles instead building them in bits with O-rings.
1000°F??!! METRIC PLEASE!
537.78 Celsius
Great information, sorry for the deaths.
My goodness! I'm carrying my own O2 supply and personal parachute bag from the nxt flight.
Wow, and awful.... oh by the way ..Second video of yours I've watched ... great content.. .. for the record I'm not sure what industry standards are or the right correction is here.... You have beautiful hair.. half way through this video my brain went "What just happened" at first i thought your part went the other direction.. but i think you have a habit of putting your hair behind your ear ..you look great either way ... But if your going to edit out the motion of your hand putting your hair behind your ear .it causes a bit of emersion breaking . Well it causes the brain to focus on some thing other then your excellent break downs and knowledge sharing.
Jet tires can't melt aluminum beams! (Of course they can, this incident was horrific)
What is Fahrenheit?
"if your airplane starts to go down"? No, if it loses pressure.
I like the way she makes "L" sounds. But how does she do that???
I remember the ValuJet crash and the sexism because it was woman pilot there was a lot of talk that it was her fault.
on board*
The masks are not released because plane is going down 🙄🙄 they will drop only in case of pressure loss which doesn’t mean the plane is going down😅
Correct👍🏻They will drop at a certain sensed altitude, so they may also drop in case of lack of pressure.
Please use universal unit system! I'm so disappointed whenever I saw a science channel is only using imperial system. This could be a reason why your channel is so low on view, don't you think?
They should include metrics, but I doubt it’s impacting their view count. Most of the audience for these videos probably aren’t stingy scientists.
aviation is mostly imperial.
Pedantic much? Usually it's us Yanks demanding everything in our measurements...
AND we have found our Sheldon Cooper 🤣