Maritime Empires Established [AP World History Review] Unit 4 Topic 4
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- Опубликовано: 20 сен 2024
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In this video Heimler takes you through Unit 4.4 of the AP World History curriculum. The main theme in all of Unit 4 is the establishment of sea-based (maritime) empires and the effects those empires had on the world.
Here, we look at the kind of influence these empires had on Africa and Asia, the kind of rivalries that spurred imperial expansion on, and the labor systems that kept everything running.
We'll see that different states had different reactions to European influence. Africa, in a lot of ways, was open to European influence (e.g., the Kingdom of the Kongo). Japan, on the other hand is a good illustration of a country that closed itself off to European influence.
Additionally, European rivalries spurred expansion on. The French and the British vied for dominance. The Spanish and the Portuguese did as well.
The labor systems that enabled such imperial expansion was largely coerced labor. In the Americas, the Spanish implemented the hacienda system, the encomienda system, and the Mita system (borrowed from the Incas). Almost all American colonies eventually replaced native labor with chattel slavery.
If you have any questions, leave them down below and Heimler shall answer them forthwithly.
![Maritime Empires Developed & Maintained [AP World History Review] Unit 4 Topic 5](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/h8UIo1HokAE/mqdefault.jpg)
![Maritime Empires Developed & Maintained [AP World History Review] Unit 4 Topic 5](/img/tr.png)
Just some timestamps for studying
Portugal’s Trading Post Empire 0:31
Example of European Cultural Impact 1:21
Reactions to Europeans and their Culture by Japan 2:13
Rivirairies for Maritime Expansion 2:48
British 2:55
Spanish 3:25
Treaty of Tordesillas 3:50
Example of Changes in the Indian Ocean Trade Network 4:29
Coerced Labor 4:55
Hacienda System 5:06
Encomienda System 5:40
Mit’a System 6:09
Chattel Slavery 6:50
Problems with Native Slaves 7:16
Indentured Servitude 7:30
Slavery (More In-depth) 7:47
Consequences in Africa because of slave trade 8:09
Polygyny 8:24
Contrast with other uses of African Slavery 8:33
ty
Well atleast you’ll get a 5
This right here be helping me out a lot
i have a heimler packet to do, and this helps
@@KavinSathiyan these damn heimler packets😂
Mr Hiemler I just wanted to say thank you. You’re a big help to students like us.
Well that means a lot. Thanks!
Who else is binging these two days before the AP World exam
I’m literally rewatching every video from Unit 1 - Unit 6 obviously rn I’m on unit 4 and am about to finish
@@hishamhabli3876 same
You already know it :)
ME literally watching all of them and honestly it's helping sooo much
Watching 3 - 6
When heimler says he is getting roasted in the comments but literally all of them are praising him lol ily heimler
Clown comments who are you lol
@@fatdingo8251 username checks out
He never said this video
@Quinton Andre yea, I have been watching on flixzone for years myself =)
@Quinton Andre yup, I have been watching on Flixzone for months myself :D
my dad is my ap world teacher...but i still watch these before our tests...thx
Dang, that’s not a bad resource at all...
i learned more from this than an entire week of 4.4 lol
Ha, glad to help...
So do I :)
people who dare insult this lifesaver, OVER MY DEAD BODY!
Aw, thanks for having my back...
@@heimlershistory I'm not quite as enthusiastic about AP world, but i will also defend you because i think you are an excellent human being.
@@heimlershistory You tell stories well and make it so that I can actually understand.... I actually haven't seen a single insult.
whos being mean to you?!?! ill give them a good talking to because you are a god sent who actually makes this impossible class fun and wholesome. THANK YOU SO MUCH ILY HEIMLER
Ha, thanks for having my back...
1. What country was the first to establish trading posts by cooperating with African leaders?
Portuguese.
2. What would the Portuguese provide African leaders with in exchange for enslaved Africans?
Gunpowder weapons.
3. What Kongolese (Congolese) converted to Christianity as a result of contact with the Portuguese? *This resulted in cultural borrowing and influence African art.
King Alfonso the first.
4. Although tolerant at first what country purged itself from European influence?
Japan
5. What religion did Japan cut itself off from? *This is implied.
Christianity.
6. After what war did Britain gain significant influence in India? *This war resulted from European rivalries.
After the seven years war, where they drove the French out.
7. What joint-stock company established trading posts in India?
British East India Company.
8. What land-based empire initially placed restrictions on this company?
Mughal empire.
9. Tension between what two religious groups allowed this company to consolidate power in India?
Tensions between Muslims and Hindus.
10. What American Empire did Spain conquer in 1521? *Called it New Spain. Duh! Not very original.
Aztec and Incan empires.
11. What South American Empire did Spain conquer in 1572?
Incan empire.
12. What 2 European maritime empires fought over the Americas? *European Rivalry
Spanish and Portuguese.
13. How did the Treaty of Tordesillas solve this rivalry?
Stated Portuguese would control all the land East of a particular meridian line and Spain would control all the land west of the meridian.
*One important history thinking skill is called "Continuity and Change". Students seem to be thrown off by this concept. It isn't that difficult though. For instance, the Indian Ocean Trade will continue. The Big Change was: the entrance of European merchants. The Europeans didn't take over as much as they were absorbed into this trading network.
14. How was trade maintained by Indian Ocean merchants (Malay, Muslim, Javanese, & Gujarati merchants)? *I will answer this one for you.
a. Muslim and Malaysian merchants would set up diasporic communities throughout the Indian Ocean. This facilitated trade. Nobody was conquered.
15. What did the Portuguese use to make trade favorable for themselves in the Indian Ocean? *Big Change!!
Cannons were used and placed on ships to back up military might.
*This next category covers labor systems. This concept has been really big on previous AP Exams so pay attention. There were 5 major labor systems employed by the Europeans in the Americas. The Europeans had conquered a great deal of territory but they needed labor to extract the wealth from the land. They all used Coerced labor or laborers who were force to work against their will.
16. To whom did the Spanish government give land (haciendas)?*1st Labor System
Conquistadors and Spanish nobles that were willing to make the journey across the sea.
17. How did these men grow wealthy? *Do you remember the 5 S's. *What did they grow?
Cultivation of sugarcane.
18. What was the name of the labor system where landowners were responsible for a certain of natives? *2nd Labor System. *Kinda Slavery!!
Encomienda system.
19. What was the landowner supposed to provide for his native laborers?
Protection and education in Christianity.
20. What was the Mita system? *Include from whom did they adopt/adapt it from. *3rd Labor system
Compelling certain people to work on public projects for a certain amount of days per year.
21. What type of dangerous work would the Spanish require whole villages to work in?
Silver mining.
22. What was the problem with using natives as slaves under "chattel slavery"? *4th Labor System
There weren't enough Natives after European diseases wiped them out. Natives knew their own land far better than their colonizers did and were often able to escape.
23. Why not use indentured servants? *5th Labor System
After they payed back their time in service they would move on and live a free life.
24. Why use Africans as chattel slaves?
They knew the land even less than Europeans and had no end to their term of servitude.
*The next questions deal with the impact of slavery on Africa.
25. How did slavery impact family organization? *Polygyny
There were fewer men in Africa so polgyny became more culturally accepted. It allowed one man to have several wives.
Bonus: How did slavery in Africa, Mediterranean, and Indian Ocean regions differ from slavery in America ? Hint: Family networks, seaports, types of work, densely populated areas vs. isolation.
In the Mediterranean network slaves were more likely to work as sailors or households servants rather then the fields, they were also placed in more highly populated areas which gave them the ability to develop communities with other dislocated Africans.
Replying to have it saved in my library
Thank you! 24/25 🥳
Your vids have become a godsend now that we're all stuck inside and with online classes
Love the vids bro helped me on my unit four test today (got the highest grade in class) but this was just a few hours late :( Our class is moving to unit 5 which has 9 parts and my test is December 15 ish. If u can make the videos come out by then much love give me friend !! Keep it up. If it doesn’t help me it will help people like me in the future. I am a freshman at high school taking this. Wish me luck and thanks
LIKE TANAYS COMMENT SO MR HEIMLER CAN SEE IT AND CATCH UP
shoot the answers
bruh our unit 4 test is next week we're so behind lmao
Edgard Chow mines literally tomorrow
My unit test is this Friday
YOU ARE THE MOST AMAZING PERSON JUST ABOUT EVER. Thank you Heimler, genuinely I would be so lost without you. Keep making these awesome videos, so many people benefit from them. You are my AP angel🙏🌎
Well, that’s about the best thing a guy could hear on a Thursday afternoon...
People are calling you a "blue eyed demon" yet you are a God send for the AP History community, keep up the great work, and don't let those who are misquoting who and reading between the lines and taking things like that you're racist, don't listen to them, keep up the great work, the AP world community has your back!
I know this was 2 yes ago but love your pfp and name ❤ lol
These videos help so much! I love that I can take the notes and then watch this to make sure I have a simplified understanding of the chapter.
That’s awesome... glad you’re finding them useful!
"But they had trouble with that system too, because once the servants had completed their indenture, they had this RUDE habit of ACTUALLY going free" I'm dead XD XD
😂 😂 😂
I think you taught about slavery very well, no bias and no lies. Thank you for these videos and your help.
if you click number 3 on your keyboard it sends you right to when Heimler says Point Number 2, in case you need that information
Thanks so much for putting these videos up, my students really love them!
Glad to hear it! Where are y’all watching from?
@@heimlershistory Minneapolis, Minnesota- Cristo Rey High School- Hey students feel free to give shout outs!
why is he so good at explaining stuff i love this man
I did not coerced myself to watch this amazing video.
Ha, well played.
Thanks, Heimler! I am an over 50 change of career teacher studying for my subject area exam and your videos are a lifesaver. It's been so long since I was in school that it feels like I am learning this all for the first time, lol.
Thank you for your videos! I personally think that your videos are easiest to learn from on RUclips because it's very organized, and its the perfect length to be informational and entertaining as well. I have trouble keeping up and remembering information from other history videos but not with yours.
Great video . . . . AGAIN! Please keep them coming!
Thanks! I shall...
thanks so much for these videos!! I was struggling to do my unit 3 and 4 study guide and then I remembered your videos and instead of flipping through my notes many times I could just come to these for explanations! thank youuu! ⭐️
You’re welcome! Thanks for stopping by...
Thank you, Steve! Your videos continue to inspire us!
You’re welcome! Thanks for the encouragement...
Thank you so much Mr. Heimler for these videoes! My teacher was horrible and he did not help me at all, but thanks to your videoes, I was able to make it through APWH without totally dying of confusion
Thx mr heimler, I'll just watch these videos instead to study
Fair enough..
Blas Pigington Yeah this helps me more than textbook reading
Was it the test hard 😅
@@jamesrios5277 I don't really remember lol, probably was... but you should be fine as long as you study these videos
@@BlasPigington Alr man thanks yea I’m watching these videos instead of reading all the passages my teacher gives me💀
Hey I just wanted to thank you so much for the help, I got my 4 and I’m grateful
You guys should watch all the videos !!! Thank you so much
Ha, thanks for the shout out. And congrats on the 4!
Ok but I just want to say THANK YOU SO MUCH YOU ARE A LIFESAVER REMEMBER THAT🙏🏼
Literally about to take my Unit 3-4 test next period, great timing haha.
Romyan lmao same watching this at lunch
Same bro. What did u get. I got an 85. So happy. It was the highest grade in my class
Tanay C. i find out in a few days my teacher has to grade the short answers. I go to a really good school with a rly good teacher so probably like an 90 or so
Yarn Cow My teacher is good I guess but since we are a freshman class and our tests are time limited and on a computer it gets difficult. Our teacher isn’t that best tho. My school is ranked atleast top 100 in America and top 10 in the state
Tanay C. oh thats cray. My schools Top 3 in Fl and top 50 ish private schools in US
watching Heimler videos > doing the purpose readings
Mmhmm.
Literally me 💀
you are the best i am a student with ms.provance and she always makes us watch your videos and i love itttt.They are so helpful with her amazing tests LOL.
'All things being equal, he with the boomsticks usually wins"
Can you PLEASE post the unit 4 recap before Tuesday if you can you would be the GOAT!!
Dang. As much as I want to be the GOAT, it’s not gonna happen before Tuesday. Unfortunately I haven’t even written it yet and there’s a busy weekend ahead. Sorry I missed you on this one. I’m working hard to get caught up with everyone...
Steve Heimler NP, you’ve been of so much help it doesn’t matter much to me
I love the random 10 second youtuber apology in the middle of the notes video
My teacher always has your videos on Edpuzzle and honestly it’s kind of a pain BUT it did help out a lot so thank you❤️
Well, you’re most welcome...
i learn more in 9:14 than i do in a whole week , thank you so much !
Ha, glad to hear it!
Thanks so much! Your channel has really helped me!
You’re welcome! Thanks for coming around...
you're actually my life saver thank you
thank you heimler for helping a lot of students
cant wait for the ultimate review packet
Me neither... I'm working hard to get it out to you guys.
Definitely don’t have a quiz tomorrow I waited until now to study for
thank you so much i learn from these and im actually engaged. thank you.
Unit 3 and 4 test today. Would be cool if you could get Unit 5 rolling out soon!
Trying my hardest. I’ll probably not get all of 5 out by the end of the semester, but I’m doing my best.
Heimler ur goated my guy
These videos are the reason why I survive WHAP
Many students will thank you for this for years
this man is the only reason im not failing ap world rn
Please make a video on AP World multiple choice tests!!
Got it:
How to Answer STIMULUS-BASED Multiple Choice Questions (AP World, APUSH, AP Euro) ruclips.net/video/M2Bf4CSTC10/видео.html
love you heimler
youre amazing thank u!!!!!
Aw shucks...
Lol love these!! Way slower than the other dude❤️
Seriously a lifesaver
bro ap world is hurting my gpa so bad
Thank you Heimler
god bless you sir 🙏🙏hopefully i'll get a four xx
Please someone correct me if I'm wrong, but I thought encomiendas were the land grants from the crown, not the hacienda. 5:07
2:39 technically speaking, I think they had like one little place where they did some trade with the Dutch or something like that (hope this didn’t come off as nitpicky Heimler)
your videos intertain me
Ha, glad to hear it...
Hi Steve,
As an AP World History teacher is it beneficial for me to join your community, or is it based solely for high school students? Again, thanks for videos. They are really good, and I promise I will never put words into your mouth that you never said. There is a quote from Truman that I especially love: "There is nothing new in the world except the history you do not know."
Hey William, glad you came around. There are lots of teacher in the community so feel free to come along!
Ahhh we just entered unit 5. I wish I could have had these when we went through unit 4
I’m trying hard to get caught up... I really can’t believe some people are in Unit 5
I love these
They love you too....
Great video as always. I'm sorry for the hate some posters were giving you. It's not your desert in the slightest. Keep up the excellent work :)
Just some timestamps for not studying
Slavery 1:57
It's sad(but I'm glad) that he teaches better than my teacher does and it only takes 10 min or less
he do be spitting straight facts
3:33 upper left corner baby is being thrown lmao
mr heimler my unit 4 test is in an hour!!
Hope it went well!
Steve Heimler i got 100!!
My test is next period where the video at
History is lowkey interesting
Dang i’m 2 years late, but thank you for the videos i’m trying to cram for the ap word exam in two days.
im watching this 15 hours before the exam😭 I REALLY HOPE I GET A 3
YOU ARE MY HERO
I love you Thank you-me and everyone (figured I’d say it for all the students !)
I thank you sir.....thank you
You are most welcome...
thank you your amazing :)
Why thank you...
Your videos are great and really help but do you have any website recommendations that I could use to study from?
The best = freeman-pedia.com
Thanks!
Dude these are helpful and all but I’m trying to take notes and I have this on .5 speed and it’s still not slow enough.
wish me luck. my test is in 1 hour.
how did it go?
Have you thought about going over strayer readings?
I’ve thought about it, but this year every spare moment is taken up making these videos
1:55 thanks for stating facts
Is there specific days you post or just random?
I always post Thursday or Friday, but sometimes I’ll get one up earlier in the week too.
Portugal the first global empire and first navy power in the world (750 years), oldest navy in the world.
Things Heimler is not saying number three: no one, but no one (including the African traders) understood slavery to be a race-based chattel system into which humans would enter and never have the chance to escape.
Perhaps Heimler might've said that as it is really important.
2:30 IM LAUGHING SO HARD AM I THE ONLY ONE THAT THINKS THAT LOOKS LIKE MICHAEL JACKSON
angelique ehh not really
Wait I kinda see it 💀💀
Yes you’re the only one
LMFAO
hee hee
Dahomey: slave raid
Battle of Diu: Europeans won in Arabian sea over Muslims (Portuguese armed)
beard man big brain
I concur.
I literally would be failing rn if you didn't make these thank you so much
Hey, you're mighty welcome...
1:29
Yes, and there is actually more slavery today than their ever was in history, and most of it is in Northern Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indo-Pakistani region
Message to students! Get out of the comments and pay attention
WHAT ABOUT FRANCE
Gee Mr. Heimler, these are really helpful, but can you hide them from my AP teacher so I can have a secret weapon against her tests and not homework?
Mmmmm... intrigue
thats a big mood
You are pretty cool
Binging before exam? Yes yes I am
1:59
i have a test today
Hope it went well!
so whos gonna drop the answers 2 the essential question...
Nice shirt
EUROPE VS JAPAN COMPARE AND CONTRAST
I'm watching all of these before I take it at 8 😅