9.11 General Characters of Family Rosaceae Fsc Class 11 Biology by irtisamsbiology
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- Опубликовано: 5 дек 2021
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The rose family (Rosaceae), in the order Rosales, is a large plant family containing more than 100 genera and 2,000 species of trees, shrubs, and herbs. This family is represented on all continents except Antarctica, but the majority of species are found in Europe, Asia, and North America. Fossil evidence from Colorado, reliably identified as belonging to the genus Rosa,suggests that this family has been in existence for at least 35 million years.
Most species in the Rosaceae have leaves with ser-rated margins and a pair of stipules where the leaf joins the stem. The majority of tree-sized arborescent species have leaves that are simple except for species of mountain ash (Sorbus spp.), which have compound leaves divided into five to seven leaflets. Conversely, most woody shrubsand herbshavecompound leaves which are composed of three to 11 leaflets. Branch spines and prickles are common on trees and shrubs in the rose family. However, there is variability in the appearance of these structures even among species which occur in very similar habitats. For example, blackbrush, (Coleogyne ramosissima), a species found in pinion-juniper woodlands in the American Southwest, has long spines on which it bears flowers, while Apache plume (Fallugia paradoxa, is found in the same region and habitat but has no spines. On a much larger scale, trees of the genus Crataegus, which are collectively called thornapples or hawthorns, have prominent branch spines while most species of Malus and Prunus are without spines. Herbaceous species typically lack spines or prickles.
Flowers in this family are typically radially symmetrical flat discs (actinomorphic) and contain both male and female floral structures in a single flower. Flower ovaries may be positioned below the sepals and petals (inferior) or above them (superior). In flowers having an inferior ovary, the carpels are surrounded by a hollow receptacle. Flowers typically have five sepals, five petals, numerous stamens, and one to 50 carpels. Carpels in this family tend to remain free instead of becoming fused into a many chambered, single carpel. Anthers have two chambers, called locules, which split lengthwise to release thousands of pollen grains. Another distinguishing feature of flowers in this family is the presence of a structure called the epicalyx. The epicalyx is composed of five sepal-like structures which occur below and alternate with the true calyx.
Most species have large white, pink, or red petals which are designed to attract pollinating insects. Many
white and pale pink flowers also produce volatile esters, chemicals which we perceive as pleasant odors, but are produced to attract insects. The chief pollinators of rose flowers are bees ranging in size from tiny, metallic green flower bees of the genus Augochlora, through honey bees (Apis), to large bumble bees (Bombus). These pollinators are unspecialized and also pollinate many other species which have actinomorphic flowers and offer copious pollen as a reward for flower visitation.
Insect pollination is the most common type in the Rosaceae, but some species have evolved to be pollinated by wind. Flowers adapted for wind pollination are found in species of Acaena, which are native to wind-swept mountain areas of New Zealand, Australia, and the Andes Mountains of South America. Wind pollination also occurs in species of the genus Poterium which are native to high elevations in Europe, western Asia and northern Africa. Both of these genera inhabit habitats where the combination of frequent low temperatures and windy periods make wind more reliable than insects as a mechanism to achieve pollination. Also, unlike the usual bisexual condition found in insect pollinated flowers, species of Acaena and Poterium have distinct male and female flowers.
Woody shrubs and herbs in the Rosaceae also propagate through asexual means. Shrubs in the genera Chaenomeles (flowering quince), Rosa (Rose), and Rubus (blackberry and raspberry) p
Jazakallah. Excellent work. I am also a teacher but your way of clearification of concept is just amazing. Keep it up👌
کمال چھا گئے ہو سر جی 💖
fantastic lecture, clear my doubts thank u
Got clear concept sir ☺️ thanks a lot🙏
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Sir i from Kashmir
Best thing in your teaching is that u show practically and practically every confusion is cleared.
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Amir bhai kamal 🍁
Wonderful MaShaAllah
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JazakALLAH teacher💙
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Radhe Radhe
Good method
Thank you ❣️
Sir family agar long question men aey to kis tarah attempt karen aur kitna lengthy ho? Please
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Thank you sir ..
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Aoa sir basal ka zikr kia haai apnay just axial ka bhe BTA dain
Well explained 👍🏻
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Very helpful
Nice
Sir u're teaching Stylee solve my big problem especially at this time
Plz upload gynosperm, life cycle of pinus, life cycle of angiosperm, and remaining 4 families. Jazak Allah ❤️ ❤️ may Allah bless you
Sab uploaded hn
Sir You are Great Sir please share the cell wall topic...
Good 👍
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Plz sir upload next families
Sari uploaded hn
Kingdom plantae chapter 9: ruclips.net/p/PLmsh1nPEvmmpeTAWWgh8NMGcMdhcHmtR_
Mashallah
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Sir angiospremae or comparison between monocot or dicot plz
Bhai jazakallah plz ap family malvaceae b btay
subscriber increase day by day mashallah
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Mashallah 🤗
Hamry exam near to ap jaldi malvaceae family ko discuss ke jay ga Bhai
Assalam o alaikum sir floral diagram please
I think FSC level py ap apna high level parha rahy hain...Try to focus on FSC only....
Pinkish pinkish ovary 😮
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Fantastic 👌
Thanks sir
Mashallah
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@@irtisamsbiology thank you sir ❣️ sorry bs itna bta dei k improvers ko bi mile ge jo ek ya do subjects improve kr rhe ha