9.13 Papillonaceae | General Characters economical importance of Family Fabaceae Papillonaceae

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The family Papilionaceae is the largest of the three families of the order Leguminales. This includes about 375 genera.
The members of the family Papillonaceae are being distributed in the temperate regions of both northern and southern hemispheres. In our country the Papilionaceae is represented by many important genera commonly found in hills and plains. Usually the herbs belonging to this family appear and flower in winter season in the Indian plains.
Generally the plants are herbs or shrubs (often climbing), very rarely trees. Sometimes they are hydrophytes and xerophytes. Most of the members are cultivated in the fields which yield pulses.
The stem is erect or climbing (it climbs by means of tendrils), branched, angular or cylindrical herbaceous or woody.
The inflorescence is racemose, the raceme, the spike, and the contracted raceme or head.
Flower:
The flowers are usually pedicellate, zygomorphic, irregular, hermaphrodite (bisexual), complete, perigynous and papilionaceous.
Calyx:
5 sepals, gamosepalous, calyx-tube oblique, teeth sub-equal lanceolate, sepaloid.
Corolla:
5 petals, polypetalous; standard broad; clawed; wings free; petals of keel united.
Androecium:
9+1 stamens, diadelphous; anthers bi-celled bursting longitudinally.
Gynoecium:
Carpel one (monocarpellary), ovary superior, sessile, 2 or more ovuled, unilocular, marginal placentation, style incurved or reflexed, glabrous, stigma capitate.
Fsc Biology lectures series by irtisamsbiology

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