@@kaitlin2086 I don't have a time stamp, but one of the Emperors demanded dumplings, despite them not being available. I was just commiserating, as I also always want dumplings. 😆
The early Habsburgs' health, strength and fecundity, up to Philip the Handsome and relatively his children, were actually very good. The dynasty's development was in part thank to Friedrich III's longevity, who lived until 78 and was the longest ruling HRE emperor. His son Maximilian I only managed a 60 year lifespan and he did have problems, but I think 95% men, at that time or today, would not have survived his sleep-work-play pattern for one month (and that is generous). He had to have more energy in him than Peter the Great. Philip the Handsome was by all contemporary accounts, fair, rich and strong, and his ability to produce children was as good as his father (who only had two legitimate ones but lot of bastards) and his son Ferdinand I, who was another healthy, active individual. The females were unfortunate in marriages, but also active and long-lasting.
Well, genetically, even someone severely inbred CAN have enough random, independent assortment of genes, mutations, and changes to paradoxically allow for a longer life. It's just more difficult to have long life genes if you're inbred to hell and back. It could be they just had the gene for it, and other anomalies or life events cut it short for them. Below, I explain a little how longevity genetically works, because it's cool. If you're not interested feel free to ignore the rest because everything below this paragraph is self-indulgent autistic rambling from a biologist who studied this shit. Usually longevity genes result in longer "endcaps" (we call them telomeres in genetics and cell biology) on the ends of chromosomes, which protect the DNA from degrading every time the cells split. Because our DNA is linear, each time you copy it (read: each time cells split), a little bit of the end of the DNA gets cut off. It's literally like copying and pasting the entire genome with each split. This is true of basically all data, actually, the more you copy it the more it tends to degrade unless it's say, lossless, but even those degrade over time. Anyway, these buffer zones in your chromosomes are full of nonsensical code - stuff that codes for nothing, usually long strings of A-T bases repeated ad nauseam. Nothing important is in there, so it protects the actual genes that code for important things, like say... having a protein that clots blood properly. Now, as we age, our cells naturally lose the ability as a whole to regenerate as quickly because their DNA starts to degrade and corrupt at those end pieces. You can only copy it so many times per cell before the cell just... reaches its time limit, so to speak. The cell that can no longer divide, undergoes basically cell seppuku, which it is hard coded to do (cells that don't do this are cancerous). Now, the reason some people age faster and die younger is down to whether or not they have the gene for longer telomeres. So, it's like having say... a VHS tape of The Lion King with a really long "buffer" piece at the end and the start of the tape, versus a copy of Snow White on VHS that has a shorter set of buffer pieces. You could cut out and re-paste The Lion King more times than Snow White without cutting into the start or end of the film. Or to use a less analog example, it's like how a Tiktok video has less "space" for its music than a RUclips video of the song used IN that Tiktok. You could cut more from the RUclips video, but less from the Tiktok, to get the bit you wanted.
"He was inbred enough for the both of them" "...When he tried he had 5 seizures. Not a great wedding night." "When told of the revolts...the emperor responded 'But are they allowed to do that?'" HOLY SHIT I love this channel
Fun fact: Isabella of Parme was deeply in love with her sister in law (her husband's sister) Maria Christina. Despite living in the same place, the two women exchanged letters daily. Isabella also knew that she was going to die young, after the death of her mother when she was a teen left her traumatized. She was a brilliant woman who sadly succumbed to the high rate of death in childbirth (her letters to her sister in law were preserved and published, although I could only find them in French, which was the language of the royals back then. It's put together very neatly along a biography of her called "Je meurs d'amour pour toi" (trad: I'm dying of my love for you) that I recommend to everyone who can read French!)
@@sophiapiellusch7416 not to my knowledge sadly, I'm seriously considering doing it myself at that point lmao because it's such a great example of queerness in history but very few people know about it
@@smolbluegoblin is there any evidence of a physical relationship between them? I am an avid reader: but, sadly I don’t read, or speak French… I would love to read it; if it is ever translated!
Well starting from the 19th century many of them started marrying catholic German royals like the Bavarians or the Saxons or protestant princesses that would convert
"She was healthier than her brother, but that was a very low bar" xD I'm fucking dead with all the roasting also it's so irritating when they bring in "new blood" and have 10+ kids that survive, just to marry their first cousins/nieces/uncles all over again >.
My thoughts too: why the freak even bring in new blood if you're still going to bang your first cousin?? I wonder if their mental illness played a role in such crappy decision making...
Wow painting their veins to look visibly bluer and thinking incest would keep their blood "blue" instead of severely deformed is the funniest thing I've heard today lol
The fact that those countries have worse inbreeding then Iceland is astonishing. Our entire native population is related to one another like 7-9 generations back and 6th to 5th cousins removed having children is completely normal here in Iceland and my girlfriend of nearly 4 years is my 6th cousin removed.
You can learn more about that from Lindsay's video on those maria sisters (I forget the title). They were family full of Maria's. It's quite fascinating.
Aunts marrying nephews almost never happened because generally aunts are older than their nephews and royals almost exclusively married women younger than them for reproduction reasons. Also, an aunt is likely to be the sister of a king and not the daughter and sisters aren’t as valuable as daughters so an aunt is really only a last ditch resort. Add onto that that royal women married very early, and an older aunt is going to have been single for a reason, and that an older uncle marrying a younger niece maintains the generational power structure whereas an older aunt becoming subservient to a younger nephew breaks the very important tradition of older generations having all the power
Older Aunt has less "shelf life" reproductively as well...A male, entering puberty, his Aunt is going to be his mother's age...probably at least in mid 30's, which doesn't leave many years left on her biological clock, especially to have enough children to assure at least a few live to adulthood, to become the next rulers...Biological clock wise, an uncle/niece have many years to beat the clock so to speak. Men are typically capable of producing viable "seed" into thier 50's or 60's....thier nice probably would have been in her early teens, at the height of her reproductive fertility.
@@carolinedduncan but the former king would be dead at that point making her a lot less valuable as a bargaining tool since male and female siblings didn’t tend to be raised together back in those days so they were unlikely to be close, but a daughter is always going to be worth something to her parents
I think she was just joking when she said that ..she obviously knew that aunts didn't marry their nephews.. selfish pompous rulers like young girls... Distinguished older ladies would rather not marry young boys
@@StonedtotheBones13 That would be a valid defense if she was consulting psychics, or performing exorcisms or something like that. But if your using your fertility problems as an excuse to abuse people who are a different religion than you, you're just a shitty person.
While the Habsburgs obviously chose an uglier route for many years, it's very interesting how royal families marrying could completely realign countries. I wish Lindsey would do the story of Prussian King Frederick William IV and his wife Elisabeth of Bavaria, it was a love story that VERY nearly caused a full on crisis, as it involved a Protestant prince marrying a Catholic. One of the few instances I know of where royal families of different faith branches tied the knot that did not involve Russia.
They did not really choose. The Reformation made eligible candidates for marriage decrease in number dramatically. They only had the French royal family left as a counterpart similar in caliber, albeit also their mortal enemies. But they often married princesses from the merchant princely families of Italy and give their daughters to the Polish line, as well as continued the Wittelsbach affliation (and sometimes married their French enemies too).
There were a few marriages like that. Charles I and his wife, first Bourbon King of France (though he converted to become King years after his marriage.)
Catholics and Protestants royals marrying did happen. King Charles I of England with a French Catholic Bourbon. King Charles II of England with a Portuguese Catholic Braganza. Henry IV of France with a French Catholic noblewoman.
It's crazy to me that they're connected to SO many historical events. The 30 years war, the French revolution, world war 1, etc. They're just some family out of a castle in Switzerland. History is crazy
That’s what happens when one family is very, VERY ambitious and through the centuries marries its way to the tippity-top. It’s believed that the first Hapsburg was a humble hunter and peasant in the 900s AD in Switzerland. And his grandsons became rich merchants. Their grandsons became ennobled by the local kings. And suddenly they built castles like Hapsburg Castle in the mid-1100s AD. And then the rest is history.
It really is. I’ve been looking into the various revolutionary movements after the baroque era and it’s wild how much of it is similar. And now pairing that with how many of the same people are involved!
That's What Happened With Louis XIV And His Wife Marie Therese,They Were Double First Cousins Because His Grandmother Marie D'Medici Had Arranged The Marriage Of His Father To A Spanish Princess And His Aunt To The Spanish Prince Of The Asturias(Crown Prince)!!! Only One Of Their Children,Louis,Le Grande Dauphin Survived,Talk About The Genetic Luck Of The Draw!!! 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯😬😬😬🤪🤪🤪🥴🥴🥴
It is possible to share all four grandparents without the result of inbreeding. For example, two large unrelated families where siblings from one family marry siblings from the other family. Their children would all have the same grandparents. It's important though for those children not to marry.
It's not genetically the SAME as siblings unless the two sisters and brothers were identical twins. But yeah, it's still really gross and definitely closer than regular first cousins. 🤮
No, not the same as siblings. Having the same percentage has little to do with having the same genes. Both parents contribute 50% each, but what of their genome gets represented in that 50% has to do with random shuffling of genes in the process of making gametes (eggs and sperm). Grandparents may contribute 25% to your genome but what genes likewise can be shared also differently between gamete to gamete. Then there is the question of what genes need two or more pairs to be phenotypically dominant or recessive. Not every grandchild will get the same gene pairs. Grandchildren may genealogical be 25% Irish and 75% German from their Irish and German grandparents and parents, but one grandchild may end up with more Irish genetic contributions than the other siblings. So, as long as as the children of double cousins don't marry each other, there should be no inbreeding problems from the fact that two brothers married two sisters from a non-related family. Genetically, they may have the same amount of genes contributed from the grandparents as siblings or half siblings, but the clinical revelance of those genes may be nil.
Actually double first cousins have the same amount of shared DNA as half-siblings (1/4) and an uncle or aunt (also 1/4). Marrying a double first cousin is the same level of relation as marrying an aunt, uncle, or half-sibling. The existence of double first cousins itself isn't inbreding: if a brother and sister from Family A have kids with a sister and brother from Family B, then their kids will be double first cousins. Children of two identical twins are the equivalent of half-siblings or double first cousins. The problem is when the double first cousins have kids together and keep doing it for generations. (Regular 1st cousins have 1/8 of the DNA in common.)
@@cockathiel5319 insane how cleopatra was like technically one of the most inbred royals who ever lived and yet she was completely normal as far as we know
@@SaSa-gn3rr Many of the Ptolemies were physically normal despite all the sibling incest. Weird how the most inbred family didnt suffer physical deformities. But many were sociopaths, with 1/3 of the family being murdered by other family members. Maybe the negative effects of incest on the Ptolemies was more mental then physical.
Sadly Mendel’s work wasn’t recognized until much later. He wasn’t publishing or researching after he was promoted to being an abbot of his monastery, and wasn’t part of a booming scientific scene at the time, which is a shame. He was rediscovered by early geneticists only after his death, and they realized that his data was invaluable and was a cornerstone of genetics.
Fortunately at least now is his legacy properly being honoured. Also, his mental disposition didn't make him capable of delivering good science speeches. But it is truly a shame that his published workings went mostly unnoticed at his time.
Fun fact! His research did not match his theory 100 %, so he played the numbers a bit. But the data was fine, and scientists figured out that genetics is a bit more complicated than Mendel thought. Even great minds are not perfect. And let us be honest, Mendel just wanted to do his hobby 😌
What fascinates me, beside the History & inbreeding... Is the evolution of techniques for portraying the kings & queens... From paintings with approximatives proportions to photography... I find this really impressive!
@@notcrackerjack since the family commissioned the portrait, the artist would have tried to be as flattering as possible, so he was probably actually even uglier. Hard to imagine.
Being one of the modern Habsburgs must be so bloody weird... Like, imagine growing up knowing that your ancestors specifically ruled over large portions of europe whilst also being so absurdly incestuous that it borders on a miracle that anyone in the bloodline remained fertile enough to let the family persist into the current day...
You'd think they'd start noticing a pattern that whenever the Habsburgs had children with someone outside the family, those children had a higher likelyhood of surviving to adulthood but no *plays Sweet Home Alabama*
@Don K none of those are catholic so that would not be possible. If nobility wasn’t restrictive enough, religion reduced the choice of a spouse even more
They literally explain the centuries of understanding and even religious laws against inbreeding. They knew they just did it anyway. Power trumped physical health.
@Don K you do know how far China is from HRE? Fun fact they didn't have telephone for most of the time defs no car and all marrying that far out would actually yield none of the intended effect China was too far out for any influence to reach Europe and the ottomans weren't exactly friendly Marrying the ottomans is turning against the rest of Europe.
That race car driver Hapsburg has quite the nose, though. Just take a gander at some of his recent pics. Looks like the nose on the Hapsburg paintings of the 1400s. The chin can be bred away but clearly not the nose, at least among the Hapsburg men.
Fyi: apricot dumplings are in season right now 😉 Recipe: Apricots, not too large, 4-6 per person Dough for 2-3 persons (depending on the size of apricots) 0.5 kg Topfen (a dry cream cheese. Use cream cheese and drain well over night for a rather dry texture between feta and cream cheese) 1 egg 0.04 kg semolina from wheat or corn 0.04 kg strong flour Mix all well and let sit for a few hours or over night. Maybe add more flour for texture. It's a sticky dough but it will work! Bring large pot of water to a boil, salt the water well. Coat the apricots with the dough and boil for 5-7 minutes until they rise to the top. Meanwhile roast some breadcrumbs in butter. Put the finished dumplings in the breadcrumbs and enjoy with a spoon full of sugar on top. You can substitute the apricots for plums, cherries or other fruit! Enjoy a kaiserliches meal!
"I am Emperor and I want dumplings!" is going into my Karen Arsenal. Just kidding. Thanks for this series Lady Holliday, it must have been difficult to make sense of all of the family ties.
Watch Matt Baker's (Useful Charts Channel) for another audio history of the Habsburgs. He has two European royal family dynasty charts, on which are most of the major European royal families.
I am a descendant of Juana the mad queen of Spain thru her 2nd son Ferdinand Ist who became Holy Roman Emperor when his older brother Charles V abdicated.
I've always found it interesting that throughout our history, many of humanity's rulers, kings that were treated like gods, above everyone and everything, were generally the weakest humanity had to offer genetically, like Tutankhamun and the Habsburgs.
The finest of irony, treating weak people as if they were these untouchable gods, just because you were told so... which inevitably leads to a quick dethroning as soon as more than 2 brains so wanted for one reason or another.
I wonder if they were oblivious or wilfully ignorant. If church forbid cousin marriage and they needed to ask for special permission from pope then they had to have some degree of awareness of how bad it was. It feels more like calculated risk on their part
I think they were willfully ignorant and not completely oblivious to the dangers of inbreeding but keeping the power and their blood was more important to them
Nothing like some "charitable" (a.k.a. political) contributions to the Pope in order to get his approval! Omitted, but an important side note: just about every HRE from Charlemagne through Charles V were crowned by the pope in Rome. The first six hundreds of its existence were largely wasted upon keep the member states in northern Italy within the empire, which in my opinion, is one of the reasons the HRE never developed into a nation state with a strong centralized government as Spain, Portugal, France and England did.
@@johnhblaubachea5156 I believe that it was an advantage to be a centralized nation in the nineteenth century, because when the industrial revolution came, it was better to have an uniformed system of tax, traffic etc But the beauty of Western systems is that the decentralization is its/their true nature. If everyone had centralized as fast as possible, the West would have been like China and Russia. Maybe they should have started centralization since Ancient Greece? Do you want that? Do you believe arts and science and the rule of law would have developed to their known extent in such systems? From a progressive point of view, that the HRE was never truly centralized has benefitted the West as a whole. The struggle between Emperor and Pope and the clash of cultural between the North and the South nourished the city states and ultimately the Renaissance. Important characters who contributed to civilization like Friedrich II Hohenstaufen or Countess Matilda were born in that environment. It would have been still a waste from the German point of view if modern Italy, Hungary...etc hated the HRE. But apparently not so. If resources had been focused all on Aachen, many modern cities and capitals in Continental Europe would not exist like they do today. The expansion was also needed because collective efforts were needed to protect Central Europe/Christianity from Eastern Powers - ultimately this benefitted countries that stayed deeper like France and England and Spain and Portugal. It was still enough for both producing cultural achievements and for the primary force of the empire (usually the imperial lines) to be a force in both Western and Eastern international politics, and in many periods (from Otto I to the Hohenstaufen for the most parts, and again in the Early Modern period) the strongest one. The decentralized states always produced new leadership blood for other countries (that Hitler and co misconstrued into their master race). Besides, every system has its weakness that will show one day. The modern UK and France have an "imbalance between regions" problem, which is causing the independence/autonomy movements in both countries. Ireland intends to built a Germany-like system if they can unite with N.Ireland, for a reason. Certainly from a leader's point of view, their instinct leans towards centralizing things. But sometimes not managing to do it fully is one kind of greatness that benefits both the leader's legacy and the people in the long run.
They just wanted to keep the wealth and power and had a mindset of thinking they are superior and special to support this choice of marrying into their own family🤷♀️🤷♀️🤷♀️ absurd like many things in human society.
Imagine being a present day Habsburg and having a name with such grand history. But then knowing you wouldn’t exist without the generations of inbreeding. It’s has to be weird to know that.
My Sister and Mom used to ride horses at a stable in hungary, and the man was a hapsburg and she was a duke of hamburg or something along those lines. From what I understand they are great people!
Well the spanish side of the Habsburgs came to a screaching halt with Charles 2. So inbred that he was unable to breed, Having deformed sexual organs among all the other crazy deformities and illnesess he had. The now living side can console themselves to know they came from the Austrian side with slightly less inbreeding which ultimately saved their familys line. If they had gone down the same path as the spanish side it would have only been a matter of time before they were too fucked up to breed aswell. The spanish side effectively made the human version of pugs. Riddled with a billion health conditions and if they even can live at all it's nothing short if a miracle. "Charles 2 was born with puss leaking from his ear" when all the illneses of Charles 2 was brought up I was honestly astonished. Astonished how in the hell he was even able to survive at all. By odds he should have been a stillborn or a misscariage. So I'm not at all surprised that he was the final straw for the spanish side of the family. Maybe if his sexual organs was functioning normaly it could have been possible but even so his children would probably all die as babies or be miscariages... I'm just amazed honestly.
Perhaps a lot of us are just as much inbred or partially so.before the industrial revolution,most if us sprung from small villages perhaps a gene pool of a few hundred peopleso it wasinevitble.evening my own genealogy 3 or 4 names keep cropping up over and over again. So its well not to criticise one set of people till we actually know who we are ourselves
Emperor Ferdinand I was commonly referred to as "Ferdinand der Gütige" (Ferdinand the Benign), but was so notoriously impaired that his subjects called him "Gütinand der Fertige" (Goodinand the Finished) instead.
About the aunt-nephew thing; there is just one case of direct aunt-nephew marriage I can think of: Dom José Principe de Brasil and Infanta Maria Benedita of Portugal. They where respectively the eldest son and younger sister of Queen regnant Maria I of Portugal. Of course, as Maria herself was married to her uncle Dom Pedro III, Dom José was at the same time nephew and first cousin of Maria Benedita, who was 15 years her senior. Also, King Phillip I of Spain married Queen Mary I of England, and, as descendants of the Catholic Monarchs, she was his second-grade aunt…and like 14 years older I think…
reading about degrees in those marriages gives one headache...and I always found it hilarious that Philip called his wife "dearest aunt" before the marriage...
I've learned about almost all these kings and queens, but having it laid out like this really puts in perspective for me! It's amazing the correlation in infant mortality and the degree to which their parents were related. Just wow. You.can literally see it in their portraits in some cases! Yikes!
Perhaps in breeding hadn't so much to do with child mortality, only saying, my grandparents, not related at all, had 17 children,only 5 lived to maturity, 12 children died of ailments as diverse as convulsions, whooping cough etc and two of spinal necrosis probably tb of the Spine.The world wasn't a great place to live in up until the 20th century,what with illness and almost continual wars,what it must have been like further back I don't know, the mind boggles. We are so lucky, Up until a few years ago we wondered at the population not being able to overcome plague or the black death then we got our own version,and that knocked the complaisant smiles off our faces.just saying.
OMG the relentless pregnancies! Those poor women, what a miserable fate to be married to someone known to be deficient in one, two, three or more respects, give birth to all those babies most of whom died and then die in childbirth totally exhausted.
@@monicarose2135 true but I believe that pressure was very common in those days in most families. It’s the knowledge that any baby produced would be dead or deficient is some way that must have been so awful.
You say things that i literally wouldn't thought that i would hear. "She was not a close relative but he was inbred enough for both of them" "He became morbidly depressed and brought his coffin with him wherever he traveled" "He insisted that his new bride call him uncle" "Genetically far removed enough" "When he tried [to consummate the marriage], he had five seizures. Not a great wedding night" "She wanted him to marry one of his nieces, so he wed his first cousin" "She was healthier than her brother, but that was a very low bar" "I am the Emperor and i want dumplings!" "With pepole demanding an end to monarchy, when told of the revolts in Vienna. The Emperor responded 'But are they allowed to do that?'" Your just very creative and intresting and this series proves it.
Fun fact: ferdinand, middle of the most recent generation shown, actually won the 24hrs of le mans last year in class for le mans prototype 2 or lmp2, the second fastest category that races in that event and the series that runs it. They also finished 6th overall behind the five le mans hypercar class cars. That class replaced the lmp1 class starting last year.
prince charming in spanish is “príncipe azul”, directly translated to blue prince. just piecing together that it’s called that because of their “blue and superior blood”. it’s crazy to me that a racist misconception from centuries ago is still something that’s used in the spanish language to this day…
@@MadameRobinson they're saying that the term prince charming which is also translated as blue prince in Spanish is a racist misconception because of the common belief back then that blue blood=superiority, since you are more likely to see to the veins of white people due to their paleness. naturally, they viewed every other race and class as less than, which is what this person is referring to when they say racist misconception; because it was a misconception they had that has racist roots
I was in college to get an education degree in history, and watching your videos makes me want to go back so I can take deep dives into these topics again 🥲 sucks to be broke. Amazing job as always!!
Two minor corrections about Franz Ferdinand: His wife Sophie was actually from a noble family, but of mere counts - which was far from acceptable for the Habsburgs. Second: although Franz Ferdinand considered Slaws and Jews to be inferior, he still was pragmatic enough to plan for giving more rights to the Slaws - on cost of the Hungarians (which he hated even more). This most likely lead to his assassination by Princip, who was a Bosnian Serb. (Serbia wanting to unite the southern Slaws in a kingdom lead by Serbia)
Glad I checked before I made those points. You were right about all of them. Also add to that, that Sophie Chotek's father had been ambassador to belgium. He's the one who recommended the marriage between the Belgian princess and Friends Joseph's son Rudolph. Since Rudolph and his wife Stephanie never got along, and eventually Rudolph killed himself and his mistress, Frances Joseph the first could not make peace in his mind with the idea of the show text daughter eventually becoming empress. He was very hard and nasty about her on this. He even tried to dishonor her funeral even though she was killed on state business for the crown. There is a quote from Franz Ferdinand when they tried to get him to marry a princess when he said that the problem with the family was they had all married too close cousins and no wonder they were all idiots because of it.He may not have been a fan of the slavs, but he recognized how to run the empire correctly. He wanted to base it off of the United States and make a United States of austria. And as you said the hungarians were more upset about this than anyone because they did not want to share the power. He would have probably made a very good Emperor had he not been killed
@@ladyagnes7781 Shoulda woulda coulda but royals running things without checks or balances in the 20th century directly led to WWI. "Good king/emperor" is a matter of subjectivity; more likely than not he'd be deposed or assassinated later on if Princep had failed.
@@soobindoll9561 oh but it’s the inbreeding that makes it all so unique. Ha ha I’m joking. I find them interesting cause they are so different. What a family! I feel sorry for a lot of the queens because as young women back then they didn’t have a choice in the matter. Yuk imagine having to marry your uncle
A little update on the present day Habsburgs: Karl and Francesca divorced in 2017, and she is the daughter of the Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza of Lugano's Villa Favorita fame.
all these RUclips history videos are making me realize just how much bs we were served in elementary and middle school history classes. Plus all the information the teachers did not tell us, important information which put soooo many things into perspective!
@@Shirokroete lol okay I'll elaborate comment for you: (I live in Europe) I have been learning about the Habsburgs in history classes by reading boring texts in a book and the teacher dictates notes for us. This video showed the Habsburgs in a whole new light to me. The topic was presented in a very interesting way by a very knowledgeable person. I wish all my history classes were entertaining and interesting like this. History is very vast, history classes covered only a very skimmed history of the world. There are new facts discovered every day. And then there are people like Lindsey who study these facts and present them to us. Even the history of the town you live in is worth several hours of lectures, so to state "if the topic of Habsburgs inbreeding had an impact on my academic career and if it's necessary to know" is bold. We could argue for years about what is and what isn't necessary to know from history. I studied civil engineering and later moved to material research in my doctoral studies, so history and many other subjects and topics I learned in school had a very little to no impact on my academic future. To sum up, the whole point of my comment was, that history classes did not present the topics sufficiently and without context and many facts and that this video has showed me a whole new point of view in a captivating way.
@@ShirokroeteYeah, that's a footnote at most. Even if their reign was impactful., History books usually focuses on big picture cause and effect, not nobility.
The more I listened to this the more I thought that none of these things would have happened without greed. Sad how many people suffered and died due to inbreeding and infighting.
Thank you for addressing the beginning of WWI differently than many youtubers. Balkan Slavs were cannon fodder and second grade citizens for many centuries between Austrians and Ottomans. Assassination in Sarajevo was an act of rebellion and a cry for freedom. Great videos! Thanks to youtube algorithm I will be binging your content this week!
In many ways, if you observe the political attitude towards peoples and countries of the region (all our internal issues aside) we still are observed as a second class by the rest of the Europe.
Those poor women... just because some ignorant members insisted to "keep the blood pure" and doing the complete opposite. Uneccessary suffering and nobody was helped with that.
Actually that’s not enough. Let’s actually put moral responsibility on my wife for not allowing me the birth of a son as if she can control the processes of her uterus manually lol
It's been a LOOOOONNNG TIIIIIMMMEE since I was so enthralled by history!! And now I really know who Franz Ferdinand was and why his death was such a cataclysmic event!!
Maria Theresa’s father Charles VI actually moved to Spain and won the War of Spanish Succession. He was set to inherit the Spanish throne after France relinquished its claim … but for his brother unexpectedly dying. This would have left him both the Spanish and Austrian thrones. Having someone rule such a huge territory reminded the rest of Europe of Charles V and they all objected, forcing him to choose only the Austrian territories. The French installed a successor under the absolute rule that the Spanish Bourbon branch could never unit with France.
You mentioned there not being an aunt marrying a nephew, funnily enough there was an instance of such in Portugal. In 1777, 15-year-old Joseph, Prince of Brazil married his mother's sister at the request of the dying king, 30-year-old Benedita. No, no kids
After watching game of thrones and countless movies on royal drama, this family tree connected it all! I love how you throw shade at some of these royals XD Love your humor
By the time it started to inbreed, the Habsburg line was quite diverse. Frederick III's paternal grandmother, Viridis Visconti is an Italian noble. His maternal grandfather Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia is a member of the Polish Piast dynasty, while his maternal grandmother Alexandra of Lithuania is directly related to the Eastern Slavic Rurik dynasty & distantly to the Lithuanian Jagellonian dynasty. Frederick III married Eleanor of Portugal, whose paternal grandmother is Phillipa of Lancaster, granddaughter of Edward III of England & maternal grandfather Ferdinand I of Aragon, was from the Trastamara dynasty that already ruled both Castille & Aragon. His son HRE Maximilian I married Mary of Burgundy, who was a male-line descendent of John II of France, who was again closely related to the Hungarian Arpad dynasty through female lines. So Maximillian' son Philip the Handsome, progenitor of both Spanish & Austrian branches of the Hapsburg family had significant amounts of German, French, English, Italian, Iberian, Hungarian & Eastern European ancestry. Had some descendents of Philip bothered to marry some Scottish, Balkan, Greek & Sandanavian nobility, they would have become the very embodiment of European genome.
You could say the Protestant Reformation was largely to blame for the Habsburg inbreeding. Since many states converted to Protestantism,they couldn't bring fresh blood to the family and the only other similar Catholic power of relatively same stature was France,a mortal enemy of the Habsburgs. So they married sparingly outside of the family
The fact that Sissy and her story is pretty widely known across Austria and Germany, with multiple movie and theater adaptations and I am just now learning that she was not only partially inbred herself, but also actively participating in it makes her and Franzs relationship in those movies a lot less romantic
Funny enough, Ferdinand I went into farming after he retired. He then made a fortune by taking care of some county he was handed. His nephew (Emperor Francis Joseph) inherited the fortune later on, benefitting the empire's finances a lot. Ferdinand also spoke 5 languages, was able to ride, draw, duel, and had a huge interest in farming and technology. The reason people call him dumb is mostly because he sucked at politics.
I suspect the situation was similar to how Charles II was treated - Ferdinand's terrible disabilities led people to believe he was less intelligent than he was and so they considered him a lost cause. Thus, he was likely very sheltered, which made him naïve about politics. It's amazing to think of how much healthier he would have been if he had had access to modern medicine. The hydrocephalus and epilepsy could have been controlled at least up to a point.
Your vids and edits are on point. Try not to hang on certain syllables too long but the narration is very pleasant and easy to listen to. Looking forward to watching more. Fascinating topics.
I love all the work that has gone into this presentation, as all of Lindsay's videos, however the end gave me a chuckle. The remaining Hapsburgs are individually as follows: jewlery designer/model, race car driver, annnnnd Gloria. For those wondering, she is a documentary film producer.
It's hilarious and terrifying that the Habsburgs basically had control over the destiny of Europe for at least 600 years. Sometimes indirectly (like WWI) but still there was always a family member involved in any important conflict or event. It's honestly impressive
The end just being "Eleanor, a model and jewelry designer, ferdinand, a race car driver... and Gloria" is exactly how I feel towards my siblings lmao. My siblings are all doing way better than I am lol
It's interesting how Eleanor, Ferdinand and Gloria seem to have careers that are considered to be more glamourous (for those wondering, Gloria is a producer for documentaries) and yet Empress Zita had to rely on charity after the family had to leave Austria and Emperor Charles died. They didn't have a whole lot, and then it got worse when they had to get out of Europe in a hurry during World War II since they got associated with the resistance movement against Nazis in Austria. I know this mainly because Zita lived for a while in a house in Quebec City that was loaned to her by nuns who took pity on the family, and my mom worked for their convent for a while and got to meet a few nuns who knew Zita.
I have watched a few different videos on RUclips about the Habsburgs, but this is the most in depth video of them all! When I first heard of the famous Charles II, I actually felt sorry for him, his family had spent so many generations inbreeding that they sealed his fate, he didn't even have a chance at a remotely normal life, even for a royal! Perhaps the whole reason it went on for so long, was because they were all so messed up mentally as well as physically, that they literally didn't have the sense enough to stop it!
Leopold: OK boys, if neither of you are able to sire a son, Joe's girls get a turn first. Joseph: thanks Dad! Charles: Sure... (later on)... What? No! Heck to that!
Eleanor of Portugal is also a distant relative of Juana of Castile (Eleanor’s grandfather was Juana’s father’s great grandfather). So yeah, Juana and her husband were technically related already.
I'm surprised that you didn't talk about Otto Von Hapsburg, who was very active in the European Integration movement and helping tear down the Iron Curtain with the Pan-European Picnic. It's kind of ironic that the Hapsburgs had attempted to bind Europe together under their own dynasty, but arguably the most successful member in that regard wasn't a royal at all.
It’s remarkable that the women kept giving birth. It’s like the equivalent to risking your life but i understand that they need to secure the throne but Men: “I need a son” women: “but I don’t want to die” Men: “I need a son”
And they did not know it was the males that decided the sex of a child. Henry VIII always blamed his wives for having a girl child - one boy lives for awhile.
Often it seemed that the women did indeed want to have children. Not always and not always the extreme amounts of kids but generally they seemed willing to go through the risks of childbirth
Oh Lindsay!!! You've been so close yet so far from talking about my dissertation subjects: Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (uncle of Franz Ferdinand) and his wife Empress Charlotte of Mexico and Princess of Belgium, rulers of Mexico's Second Imperial Period. Truly hope one day you can talk about Mexico's Empires, beginning with the Aztec, perhaps the Mayan, and ending with the First Empire after the Independence, ruled by Agustin I of the House of Iturbide, whose descendants were protégées of Maximilian and Charlotte once they were crowned Emperors of Mexico. This passage of my country's history is widely unknown even among my connationals.
"She was not a close relative, but he was inbred enough for both of them." 😆 Also, I want dumplings too.
i dont get it-
@@kaitlin2086 I don't have a time stamp, but one of the Emperors demanded dumplings, despite them not being available. I was just commiserating, as I also always want dumplings. 😆
@@desertrose0027 16:54
@@desertrose0027 Chinese ones, please
Damn🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
My jaw dropped when a married couple shared the same 4 grandparents. That’s baffling
That happened to the Spanish Bourbons as well when Isabella II married her double first cousin Francis. Some habits are hard to die.
Literally "double first cousins" like....siblings.......???????
@@samanthamajchrowski2258 yes and no, I mean is less than siblings but more than normal cousins I think 🤔
@@erikas.6790 Than*
I went ewwwwww
The 3 Habsburg kids:
1. Eleonore, a model and jewelry designer
2. Ferdinand, a racecar driver
3. Gloria
Poor Gloria 😭
I noticed that too.
And Peggy
I Think they were more Inbred because of their Ancestors
@@Mikelaxo tHe ScHuYlEr SiStErS
Doctor: so what kinds of ailments run in your family?
The Hapsburgs: yes
Good one 🤣🤣🤣🤣
The early Habsburgs' health, strength and fecundity, up to Philip the Handsome and relatively his children, were actually very good. The dynasty's development was in part thank to Friedrich III's longevity, who lived until 78 and was the longest ruling HRE emperor. His son Maximilian I only managed a 60 year lifespan and he did have problems, but I think 95% men, at that time or today, would not have survived his sleep-work-play pattern for one month (and that is generous). He had to have more energy in him than Peter the Great. Philip the Handsome was by all contemporary accounts, fair, rich and strong, and his ability to produce children was as good as his father (who only had two legitimate ones but lot of bastards) and his son Ferdinand I, who was another healthy, active individual. The females were unfortunate in marriages, but also active and long-lasting.
Gotta catch ‘em all
Like 666! No one touch anything!
🙄🤔😱😂😂😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣,...,
How the hell did someone who was the result of generations of inbreeding and double first cousins live into his 80s? That’s nothing short of a miracle
Or a curse.
Well, genetically, even someone severely inbred CAN have enough random, independent assortment of genes, mutations, and changes to paradoxically allow for a longer life. It's just more difficult to have long life genes if you're inbred to hell and back. It could be they just had the gene for it, and other anomalies or life events cut it short for them. Below, I explain a little how longevity genetically works, because it's cool. If you're not interested feel free to ignore the rest because everything below this paragraph is self-indulgent autistic rambling from a biologist who studied this shit.
Usually longevity genes result in longer "endcaps" (we call them telomeres in genetics and cell biology) on the ends of chromosomes, which protect the DNA from degrading every time the cells split. Because our DNA is linear, each time you copy it (read: each time cells split), a little bit of the end of the DNA gets cut off. It's literally like copying and pasting the entire genome with each split. This is true of basically all data, actually, the more you copy it the more it tends to degrade unless it's say, lossless, but even those degrade over time. Anyway, these buffer zones in your chromosomes are full of nonsensical code - stuff that codes for nothing, usually long strings of A-T bases repeated ad nauseam. Nothing important is in there, so it protects the actual genes that code for important things, like say... having a protein that clots blood properly. Now, as we age, our cells naturally lose the ability as a whole to regenerate as quickly because their DNA starts to degrade and corrupt at those end pieces. You can only copy it so many times per cell before the cell just... reaches its time limit, so to speak. The cell that can no longer divide, undergoes basically cell seppuku, which it is hard coded to do (cells that don't do this are cancerous).
Now, the reason some people age faster and die younger is down to whether or not they have the gene for longer telomeres. So, it's like having say... a VHS tape of The Lion King with a really long "buffer" piece at the end and the start of the tape, versus a copy of Snow White on VHS that has a shorter set of buffer pieces. You could cut out and re-paste The Lion King more times than Snow White without cutting into the start or end of the film. Or to use a less analog example, it's like how a Tiktok video has less "space" for its music than a RUclips video of the song used IN that Tiktok. You could cut more from the RUclips video, but less from the Tiktok, to get the bit you wanted.
A curse seems more likely. Imagine letting generations of cousin fuckers start enough shit that it triggered the world wars.
He won on the genetic roulette
@@RonaldoTalison or lost. His health could have been bad so he suffered a long time.
"she was not a close relative but he was inbred enough for both of them"
😶Roasted on epic historical proportion. He felt that one in his grave.
The worst one was the guy that married his 15 year old neice and insisted she call him uncle.
@@TheAnnoyingBossworse
to me the Austrian line was WAY more aesthetically pleasing than the Spanish line. the few outsider genes came in clutch lol
That's what i thought they were less inbred than the spanish line
Until Ferdinand I Emperor of Austria. It’s Megamind.
Fr 😂
only time europeans looked human was when a tiny bit of blood from the 5 cradles of civilization was raped in : P
The living ones today are gorgeous :)
"He was inbred enough for the both of them"
"...When he tried he had 5 seizures. Not a great wedding night."
"When told of the revolts...the emperor responded 'But are they allowed to do that?'"
HOLY SHIT I love this channel
💯👍🏿
Fun fact: Isabella of Parme was deeply in love with her sister in law (her husband's sister) Maria Christina. Despite living in the same place, the two women exchanged letters daily. Isabella also knew that she was going to die young, after the death of her mother when she was a teen left her traumatized. She was a brilliant woman who sadly succumbed to the high rate of death in childbirth
(her letters to her sister in law were preserved and published, although I could only find them in French, which was the language of the royals back then. It's put together very neatly along a biography of her called "Je meurs d'amour pour toi" (trad: I'm dying of my love for you) that I recommend to everyone who can read French!)
Is it translated in English?
@@sophiapiellusch7416 not to my knowledge sadly, I'm seriously considering doing it myself at that point lmao because it's such a great example of queerness in history but very few people know about it
@@smolbluegoblin Please do! A lot of people would be interested in that!!
I would very much love to read these if you or anyone else ever translates them!
@@smolbluegoblin is there any evidence of a physical relationship between them? I am an avid reader: but, sadly I don’t read, or speak French… I would love to read it; if it is ever translated!
“She was not a close relative”
Me: “So there’s hope”
“Died without having children”
Me: “Well that wasn’t very cash money of her”
I don't know why, but this made me laugh very hard.
I feel bad for laughing. But I definitely laughed .
You're right lmaooo
I wouldn't use "cash money."
@@Flamsterettecash money
Mind-boggling to learn that there are living Habsburgs today. I hope they're all happy and healthy.
Ferdinand is a pretty successful racing driver, home here we indearingly call him "Ferdy", he's won the 24hrs of LeMans 😂
Technically they aren't Hapsburgs though. Since the line passed through a female they are actually Lorainnes instead of Hapsburgs.
Well starting from the 19th century many of them started marrying catholic German royals like the Bavarians or the Saxons or protestant princesses that would convert
@@lightyagami3492 They are technically called Hasburg-Lorraine.
I’ve heard that Keith from the try guys is one of them🤷🏾♂️
"She was healthier than her brother, but that was a very low bar"
xD I'm fucking dead with all the roasting
also it's so irritating when they bring in "new blood" and have 10+ kids that survive, just to marry their first cousins/nieces/uncles all over again >.
Right?! Like y’all almost had it 😂😂😂
My thoughts too: why the freak even bring in new blood if you're still going to bang your first cousin?? I wonder if their mental illness played a role in such crappy decision making...
The level at of casual savagery in this video 💀
FRRR like yall r so close
Drinking game: For every cousin marriage, drink until Charles II appears almost human
Yeah.
Do you want cirrhosis?, 'cause that's how you get cirrhosis lmao
And by the end I’m DRUNK! 😊🥳
I think you're trying to kill everyone
Don’t want you guys to get kidney failure before the video is over. Just don’t
Wow painting their veins to look visibly bluer and thinking incest would keep their blood "blue" instead of severely deformed is the funniest thing I've heard today lol
@Robert III D'Artois a bunch of muslim countries. not even a bit suprised
The fact that those countries have worse inbreeding then Iceland is astonishing. Our entire native population is related to one another like 7-9 generations back and 6th to 5th cousins removed having children is completely normal here in Iceland and my girlfriend of nearly 4 years is my 6th cousin removed.
@@oligultonn I wouldnt talk about it so confidently, at least not in this particular videos comment section
@@faeriesorceress yikes, your xenophobia is showing
@@emilyb.8219 deal with it
I had no idea Marie Antoinette came from a line of Hapsburgs! That's so interesting to learn!
Yup. Her name was actually Maria Antonia. They made her shed everything that wasn’t French, her name, her clothes & even her dog.
You can learn more about that from Lindsay's video on those maria sisters (I forget the title). They were family full of Maria's. It's quite fascinating.
How is it even possible you did not know? Which dynasty did you think she was born in?
yeah
I just learned this too!
Aunts marrying nephews almost never happened because generally aunts are older than their nephews and royals almost exclusively married women younger than them for reproduction reasons. Also, an aunt is likely to be the sister of a king and not the daughter and sisters aren’t as valuable as daughters so an aunt is really only a last ditch resort. Add onto that that royal women married very early, and an older aunt is going to have been single for a reason, and that an older uncle marrying a younger niece maintains the generational power structure whereas an older aunt becoming subservient to a younger nephew breaks the very important tradition of older generations having all the power
Yes! But technically, if someone is the sister of a king, they likely are the daughter of a former king also.
Older aunt will most likely be a widower.
Older Aunt has less "shelf life" reproductively as well...A male, entering puberty, his Aunt is going to be his mother's age...probably at least in mid 30's, which doesn't leave many years left on her biological clock, especially to have enough children to assure at least a few live to adulthood, to become the next rulers...Biological clock wise, an uncle/niece have many years to beat the clock so to speak. Men are typically capable of producing viable "seed" into thier 50's or 60's....thier nice probably would have been in her early teens, at the height of her reproductive fertility.
@@carolinedduncan but the former king would be dead at that point making her a lot less valuable as a bargaining tool since male and female siblings didn’t tend to be raised together back in those days so they were unlikely to be close, but a daughter is always going to be worth something to her parents
I think she was just joking when she said that ..she obviously knew that aunts didn't marry their nephews.. selfish pompous rulers like young girls... Distinguished older ladies would rather not marry young boys
I felt sorry for the guy's 15 year old niece until you said she blamed Jewish people for her problems and had them thrown out of the city.
I mean tbf they probably didn't exactly educate her on like where babies come from. It's not the stupidest thing to come from not having sex Ed.
I read somewhere that jewish people have been expelled from 130 countries throughout history. Thats so crazy to me.
@@StonedtotheBones13 That would be a valid defense if she was consulting psychics, or performing exorcisms or something like that. But if your using your fertility problems as an excuse to abuse people who are a different religion than you, you're just a shitty person.
@@StonedtotheBones13 No but someone must have "educated" some level of antisemitism into that inbred brain of hers.
Idk that sounds pretty based
"He insisted that his new bride call him 'uncle'" 🤮🤮🤮🤮
Ugh😝
Or Garfunkel in cockney rhyming slang
Yea because that’s normal….
Yea that gave me the ick 🙈
While the Habsburgs obviously chose an uglier route for many years, it's very interesting how royal families marrying could completely realign countries. I wish Lindsey would do the story of Prussian King Frederick William IV and his wife Elisabeth of Bavaria, it was a love story that VERY nearly caused a full on crisis, as it involved a Protestant prince marrying a Catholic. One of the few instances I know of where royal families of different faith branches tied the knot that did not involve Russia.
They did not really choose. The Reformation made eligible candidates for marriage decrease in number dramatically. They only had the French royal family left as a counterpart similar in caliber, albeit also their mortal enemies. But they often married princesses from the merchant princely families of Italy and give their daughters to the Polish line, as well as continued the Wittelsbach affliation (and sometimes married their French enemies too).
There were a few marriages like that. Charles I and his wife, first Bourbon King of France (though he converted to become King years after his marriage.)
Poland and Saxony: _amateurs_
Catholics and Protestants royals marrying did happen. King Charles I of England with a French Catholic Bourbon. King Charles II of England with a Portuguese Catholic Braganza. Henry IV of France with a French Catholic noblewoman.
It's crazy to me that they're connected to SO many historical events. The 30 years war, the French revolution, world war 1, etc. They're just some family out of a castle in Switzerland. History is crazy
😒 it’s not crazy at all… it’s a common occurrence for aristocratic dynasty to be involved in historical events.
Yes, indeed.
@@erict.35crazy and common aren’t mutually exclusive, though. Definitely an insane/messed up pattern to anyone with sound reasoning and morality
That’s what happens when one family is very, VERY ambitious and through the centuries marries its way to the tippity-top. It’s believed that the first Hapsburg was a humble hunter and peasant in the 900s AD in Switzerland. And his grandsons became rich merchants. Their grandsons became ennobled by the local kings. And suddenly they built castles like Hapsburg Castle in the mid-1100s AD. And then the rest is history.
It really is. I’ve been looking into the various revolutionary movements after the baroque era and it’s wild how much of it is similar. And now pairing that with how many of the same people are involved!
Eeww double first cousins… that’s genetically the same as siblings… that’s worse then marrying your uncle.
That's What Happened With Louis XIV And His Wife Marie Therese,They Were Double First Cousins Because His Grandmother Marie D'Medici Had Arranged The Marriage Of His Father To A Spanish Princess And His Aunt To The Spanish Prince Of The Asturias(Crown Prince)!!! Only One Of Their Children,Louis,Le Grande Dauphin Survived,Talk About The Genetic Luck Of The Draw!!! 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯😬😬😬🤪🤪🤪🥴🥴🥴
It is possible to share all four grandparents without the result of inbreeding. For example, two large unrelated families where siblings from one family marry siblings from the other family. Their children would all have the same grandparents. It's important though for those children not to marry.
It's not genetically the SAME as siblings unless the two sisters and brothers were identical twins. But yeah, it's still really gross and definitely closer than regular first cousins. 🤮
No, not the same as siblings. Having the same percentage has little to do with having the same genes. Both parents contribute 50% each, but what of their genome gets represented in that 50% has to do with random shuffling of genes in the process of making gametes (eggs and sperm). Grandparents may contribute 25% to your genome but what genes likewise can be shared also differently between gamete to gamete. Then there is the question of what genes need two or more pairs to be phenotypically dominant or recessive. Not every grandchild will get the same gene pairs. Grandchildren may genealogical be 25% Irish and 75% German from their Irish and German grandparents and parents, but one grandchild may end up with more Irish genetic contributions than the other siblings.
So, as long as as the children of double cousins don't marry each other, there should be no inbreeding problems from the fact that two brothers married two sisters from a non-related family. Genetically, they may have the same amount of genes contributed from the grandparents as siblings or half siblings, but the clinical revelance of those genes may be nil.
Actually double first cousins have the same amount of shared DNA as half-siblings (1/4) and an uncle or aunt (also 1/4). Marrying a double first cousin is the same level of relation as marrying an aunt, uncle, or half-sibling. The existence of double first cousins itself isn't inbreding: if a brother and sister from Family A have kids with a sister and brother from Family B, then their kids will be double first cousins. Children of two identical twins are the equivalent of half-siblings or double first cousins. The problem is when the double first cousins have kids together and keep doing it for generations. (Regular 1st cousins have 1/8 of the DNA in common.)
"Charles II was the most inbred-"
Tutankhamun: Hold my damn canes!
Maria Antonia, Electress of Bavaria: amateurs
Cleopatra VII: How many great great grandparents do you have again? Because I only have two.
Even so Tutankhamun was way prettier than Charles II.
@@cockathiel5319 insane how cleopatra was like technically one of the most inbred royals who ever lived and yet she was completely normal as far as we know
@@SaSa-gn3rr Many of the Ptolemies were physically normal despite all the sibling incest. Weird how the most inbred family didnt suffer physical deformities. But many were sociopaths, with 1/3 of the family being murdered by other family members. Maybe the negative effects of incest on the Ptolemies was more mental then physical.
Sadly Mendel’s work wasn’t recognized until much later. He wasn’t publishing or researching after he was promoted to being an abbot of his monastery, and wasn’t part of a booming scientific scene at the time, which is a shame. He was rediscovered by early geneticists only after his death, and they realized that his data was invaluable and was a cornerstone of genetics.
Fortunately at least now is his legacy properly being honoured. Also, his mental disposition didn't make him capable of delivering good science speeches. But it is truly a shame that his published workings went mostly unnoticed at his time.
apparently they (habsburgs) weren't into biblical writings that warned about incest.🙂
It's crazy that he was just doing work in genetics and never was in that scientific revolution and stuff.
Fun fact! His research did not match his theory 100 %, so he played the numbers a bit. But the data was fine, and scientists figured out that genetics is a bit more complicated than Mendel thought.
Even great minds are not perfect. And let us be honest, Mendel just wanted to do his hobby 😌
What fascinates me, beside the History & inbreeding... Is the evolution of techniques for portraying the kings & queens... From paintings with approximatives proportions to photography... I find this really impressive!
Makes me wish we could see a photo of Charles II
@@notcrackerjack that would be cursed ! xD
Makes me wonder if it's possible to examine his remains.
@@notcrackerjack we need a time machine, then we’ll know for sure what he looked like
@@notcrackerjack since the family commissioned the portrait, the artist would have tried to be as flattering as possible, so he was probably actually even uglier. Hard to imagine.
Being one of the modern Habsburgs must be so bloody weird... Like, imagine growing up knowing that your ancestors specifically ruled over large portions of europe whilst also being so absurdly incestuous that it borders on a miracle that anyone in the bloodline remained fertile enough to let the family persist into the current day...
Imagine the amount of incest and jaw jokes they have heard throughout their lives.
Inmaigine if they get a family tree task at school
Even the current king of England is the child
Of cousins 😮
@@Mcrismylifehelp
You can get the Hapsburgs to stop the inbreeding but you can’t get the inbreeding out of the Hapsburgs 😂
@@retroreceptionist7571 the UK*
You'd think they'd start noticing a pattern that whenever the Habsburgs had children with someone outside the family, those children had a higher likelyhood of surviving to adulthood but no *plays Sweet Home Alabama*
Well, first they would have had to try it
Lmao 😅😂
@Don K none of those are catholic so that would not be possible. If nobility wasn’t restrictive enough, religion reduced the choice of a spouse even more
They literally explain the centuries of understanding and even religious laws against inbreeding. They knew they just did it anyway. Power trumped physical health.
@Don K you do know how far China is from HRE? Fun fact they didn't have telephone for most of the time defs no car and all marrying that far out would actually yield none of the intended effect China was too far out for any influence to reach Europe and the ottomans weren't exactly friendly
Marrying the ottomans is turning against the rest of Europe.
I find it funny that whereas old Habsburgs had prominent jaws, the current Habsburgs have no chins at all lol
Their genetics overcorrected themselves 😆That was a dramatic change I never expected.
Lol
That race car driver Hapsburg has quite the nose, though. Just take a gander at some of his recent pics. Looks like the nose on the Hapsburg paintings of the 1400s. The chin can be bred away but clearly not the nose, at least among the Hapsburg men.
Because habsburgs don't exist anymore
“…and Gloria.” Idk why but Gloria not having anything added on was funny to me 😭
She’s a 10, in that you share 10/16 great great great grandparents.
"He became morbidly depressed and brought his coffin with him wherever he traveled"
Mood
Straight up ! 😂
Fyi: apricot dumplings are in season right now 😉 Recipe:
Apricots, not too large, 4-6 per person
Dough for 2-3 persons (depending on the size of apricots)
0.5 kg Topfen (a dry cream cheese. Use cream cheese and drain well over night for a rather dry texture between feta and cream cheese)
1 egg
0.04 kg semolina from wheat or corn
0.04 kg strong flour
Mix all well and let sit for a few hours or over night. Maybe add more flour for texture. It's a sticky dough but it will work! Bring large pot of water to a boil, salt the water well. Coat the apricots with the dough and boil for 5-7 minutes until they rise to the top.
Meanwhile roast some breadcrumbs in butter. Put the finished dumplings in the breadcrumbs and enjoy with a spoon full of sugar on top.
You can substitute the apricots for plums, cherries or other fruit! Enjoy a kaiserliches meal!
Thank you! Will surely enjoy it 😉
Uhh
"I am Emperor and I want dumplings!" is going into my Karen Arsenal. Just kidding. Thanks for this series Lady Holliday, it must have been difficult to make sense of all of the family ties.
"I'm a doctor and I want my sausages!"
I hope Max Miller cooks those dumplings.
@@erraticonteuse 😅
I have spent years reading about this family, but it was neat to actually 'hear' about them. I enjoyed this, thank you.
Watch Matt Baker's (Useful Charts Channel) for another audio history of the Habsburgs. He has two European royal family dynasty charts, on which are most of the major European royal families.
I am a descendant of Juana the mad queen of Spain thru her 2nd son Ferdinand Ist who became Holy Roman Emperor when his older brother Charles V abdicated.
I've always found it interesting that throughout our history, many of humanity's rulers, kings that were treated like gods, above everyone and everything, were generally the weakest humanity had to offer genetically, like Tutankhamun and the Habsburgs.
The finest of irony, treating weak people as if they were these untouchable gods, just because you were told so... which inevitably leads to a quick dethroning as soon as more than 2 brains so wanted for one reason or another.
@@a.liguria2698 Exactly
It was fascinating to see the change in art style through the generations, then suddenly photographs of increasing quality, and finally colour
for context: Maria Theresa and her succors ruled over Austria during the time of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven
I wonder if they were oblivious or wilfully ignorant. If church forbid cousin marriage and they needed to ask for special permission from pope then they had to have some degree of awareness of how bad it was. It feels more like calculated risk on their part
I think they were willfully ignorant and not completely oblivious to the dangers of inbreeding but keeping the power and their blood was more important to them
The risk they took was calculated, but man, they were bad at math.
Nothing like some "charitable" (a.k.a. political) contributions to the Pope in order to get his approval!
Omitted, but an important side note: just about every HRE from Charlemagne through Charles V were crowned by the pope in Rome. The first six hundreds of its existence were largely wasted upon keep the member states in northern Italy within the empire, which in my opinion, is one of the reasons the HRE never developed into a nation state with a strong centralized government as Spain, Portugal, France and England did.
@@johnhblaubachea5156 I believe that it was an advantage to be a centralized nation in the nineteenth century, because when the industrial revolution came, it was better to have an uniformed system of tax, traffic etc But the beauty of Western systems is that the decentralization is its/their true nature. If everyone had centralized as fast as possible, the West would have been like China and Russia. Maybe they should have started centralization since Ancient Greece? Do you want that? Do you believe arts and science and the rule of law would have developed to their known extent in such systems?
From a progressive point of view, that the HRE was never truly centralized has benefitted the West as a whole. The struggle between Emperor and Pope and the clash of cultural between the North and the South nourished the city states and ultimately the Renaissance. Important characters who contributed to civilization like Friedrich II Hohenstaufen or Countess Matilda were born in that environment. It would have been still a waste from the German point of view if modern Italy, Hungary...etc hated the HRE. But apparently not so. If resources had been focused all on Aachen, many modern cities and capitals in Continental Europe would not exist like they do today. The expansion was also needed because collective efforts were needed to protect Central Europe/Christianity from Eastern Powers - ultimately this benefitted countries that stayed deeper like France and England and Spain and Portugal.
It was still enough for both producing cultural achievements and for the primary force of the empire (usually the imperial lines) to be a force in both Western and Eastern international politics, and in many periods (from Otto I to the Hohenstaufen for the most parts, and again in the Early Modern period) the strongest one. The decentralized states always produced new leadership blood for other countries (that Hitler and co misconstrued into their master race).
Besides, every system has its weakness that will show one day. The modern UK and France have an "imbalance between regions" problem, which is causing the independence/autonomy movements in both countries. Ireland intends to built a Germany-like system if they can unite with N.Ireland, for a reason.
Certainly from a leader's point of view, their instinct leans towards centralizing things. But sometimes not managing to do it fully is one kind of greatness that benefits both the leader's legacy and the people in the long run.
They just wanted to keep the wealth and power and had a mindset of thinking they are superior and special to support this choice of marrying into their own family🤷♀️🤷♀️🤷♀️ absurd like many things in human society.
Imagine being a present day Habsburg and having a name with such grand history. But then knowing you wouldn’t exist without the generations of inbreeding. It’s has to be weird to know that.
being a modern day hapsburg sounds like a great way to get yourself bullied at school tbh
My Sister and Mom used to ride horses at a stable in hungary, and the man was a hapsburg and she was a duke of hamburg or something along those lines. From what I understand they are great people!
This is horrible 🤦🏿♂️🤦🏿♂️ lol
Well the spanish side of the Habsburgs came to a screaching halt with Charles 2. So inbred that he was unable to breed, Having deformed sexual organs among all the other crazy deformities and illnesess he had. The now living side can console themselves to know they came from the Austrian side with slightly less inbreeding which ultimately saved their familys line. If they had gone down the same path as the spanish side it would have only been a matter of time before they were too fucked up to breed aswell. The spanish side effectively made the human version of pugs. Riddled with a billion health conditions and if they even can live at all it's nothing short if a miracle. "Charles 2 was born with puss leaking from his ear" when all the illneses of Charles 2 was brought up I was honestly astonished. Astonished how in the hell he was even able to survive at all. By odds he should have been a stillborn or a misscariage. So I'm not at all surprised that he was the final straw for the spanish side of the family. Maybe if his sexual organs was functioning normaly it could have been possible but even so his children would probably all die as babies or be miscariages... I'm just amazed honestly.
Perhaps a lot of us are just as much inbred or partially so.before the industrial revolution,most if us sprung from small villages perhaps a gene pool of a few hundred peopleso it wasinevitble.evening my own genealogy 3 or 4 names keep cropping up over and over again. So its well not to criticise one set of people till we actually know who we are ourselves
Emperor Ferdinand I was commonly referred to as "Ferdinand der Gütige" (Ferdinand the Benign), but was so notoriously impaired that his subjects called him "Gütinand der Fertige" (Goodinand the Finished) instead.
That is hilarious and extremely relatable.
@@hellformichellerelatable??
I thought you meant HRE Ferdinand I 🤣
"Famously unusual countenance," you have real gift for understatement . This is a tremendous series, well done.
About the aunt-nephew thing; there is just one case of direct aunt-nephew marriage I can think of: Dom José Principe de Brasil and Infanta Maria Benedita of Portugal. They where respectively the eldest son and younger sister of Queen regnant Maria I of Portugal. Of course, as Maria herself was married to her uncle Dom Pedro III, Dom José was at the same time nephew and first cousin of Maria Benedita, who was 15 years her senior.
Also, King Phillip I of Spain married Queen Mary I of England, and, as descendants of the Catholic Monarchs, she was his second-grade aunt…and like 14 years older I think…
I believe that Mary of Teck was the second-grade aunt of George V.
@@putalaweamala7191 True.…
reading about degrees in those marriages gives one headache...and I always found it hilarious that Philip called his wife "dearest aunt" before the marriage...
@@driveincanada9713 Wtf?
@@putalaweamala7191 second cousins once removed
I've learned about almost all these kings and queens, but having it laid out like this really puts in perspective for me!
It's amazing the correlation in infant mortality and the degree to which their parents were related. Just wow. You.can literally see it in their portraits in some cases! Yikes!
Perhaps in breeding hadn't so much to do with child mortality, only saying, my grandparents, not related at all, had 17 children,only 5 lived to maturity, 12 children died of ailments as diverse as convulsions, whooping cough etc and two of spinal necrosis probably tb of the Spine.The world wasn't a great place to live in up until the 20th century,what with illness and almost continual wars,what it must have been like further back I don't know, the mind boggles. We are so lucky, Up until a few years ago we wondered at the population not being able to overcome plague or the black death then we got our own version,and that knocked the complaisant smiles off our faces.just saying.
OMG the relentless pregnancies! Those poor women, what a miserable fate to be married to someone known to be deficient in one, two, three or more respects, give birth to all those babies most of whom died and then die in childbirth totally exhausted.
And the pressure to have male heirs
@@monicarose2135 true but I believe that pressure was very common in those days in most families. It’s the knowledge that any baby produced would be dead or deficient is some way that must have been so awful.
You say things that i literally wouldn't thought that i would hear.
"She was not a close relative but he was inbred enough for both of them"
"He became morbidly depressed and brought his coffin with him wherever he traveled"
"He insisted that his new bride call him uncle"
"Genetically far removed enough"
"When he tried [to consummate the marriage], he had five seizures. Not a great wedding night"
"She wanted him to marry one of his nieces, so he wed his first cousin"
"She was healthier than her brother, but that was a very low bar"
"I am the Emperor and i want dumplings!"
"With pepole demanding an end to monarchy, when told of the revolts in Vienna. The Emperor responded 'But are they allowed to do that?'"
Your just very creative and intresting and this series proves it.
Fun fact: ferdinand, middle of the most recent generation shown, actually won the 24hrs of le mans last year in class for le mans prototype 2 or lmp2, the second fastest category that races in that event and the series that runs it. They also finished 6th overall behind the five le mans hypercar class cars. That class replaced the lmp1 class starting last year.
Oh..😐
Good for him, to hell with the begrudgers
prince charming in spanish is “príncipe azul”, directly translated to blue prince. just piecing together that it’s called that because of their “blue and superior blood”. it’s crazy to me that a racist misconception from centuries ago is still something that’s used in the spanish language to this day…
I don’t understand why you mention a racist misconception. Would you please explain? I do not mean anything untoward.
@@MadameRobinson they're saying that the term prince charming which is also translated as blue prince in Spanish is a racist misconception because of the common belief back then that blue blood=superiority, since you are more likely to see to the veins of white people due to their paleness. naturally, they viewed every other race and class as less than, which is what this person is referring to when they say racist misconception; because it was a misconception they had that has racist roots
I found the history of "blue blood" fascinating but not surprising.
Oddly, we also use the same term in the Philippines "dugong bughaw", w/c literally translates to "blue blood".
@@batelshimoni1078 probably came from the Spaniards who colonized the Philippines.
"she was not a close relative but he was inbred enough for both of them" :D
I'm so excited about this series. I've always been curious but have never been able to track it down myself.
👌❤😍❤👌
I was in college to get an education degree in history, and watching your videos makes me want to go back so I can take deep dives into these topics again 🥲 sucks to be broke.
Amazing job as always!!
Same!
the fact that 90% of the women died from childbirth makes me question how the human race managed to keep going
The peasantry kept it going.
Well, when you're having 16 kids ...
People married younger and had more children even if they all didn't survive, then each of those children would do the same
Well, they usually didn't die the first time they gave birth, so...
Fun fact: That’s why in a lot of old children’s stories the mother is deceased.
Two minor corrections about Franz Ferdinand:
His wife Sophie was actually from a noble family, but of mere counts - which was far from acceptable for the Habsburgs.
Second: although Franz Ferdinand considered Slaws and Jews to be inferior, he still was pragmatic enough to plan for giving more rights to the Slaws - on cost of the Hungarians (which he hated even more).
This most likely lead to his assassination by Princip, who was a Bosnian Serb. (Serbia wanting to unite the southern Slaws in a kingdom lead by Serbia)
*led to
Glad I checked before I made those points. You were right about all of them. Also add to that, that Sophie Chotek's father had been ambassador to belgium. He's the one who recommended the marriage between the Belgian princess and Friends Joseph's son Rudolph. Since Rudolph and his wife Stephanie never got along, and eventually Rudolph killed himself and his mistress, Frances Joseph the first could not make peace in his mind with the idea of the show text daughter eventually becoming empress. He was very hard and nasty about her on this. He even tried to dishonor her funeral even though she was killed on state business for the crown. There is a quote from Franz Ferdinand when they tried to get him to marry a princess when he said that the problem with the family was they had all married too close cousins and no wonder they were all idiots because of it.He may not have been a fan of the slavs, but he recognized how to run the empire correctly. He wanted to base it off of the United States and make a United States of austria. And as you said the hungarians were more upset about this than anyone because they did not want to share the power. He would have probably made a very good Emperor had he not been killed
@@ladyagnes7781 Shoulda woulda coulda but royals running things without checks or balances in the 20th century directly led to WWI. "Good king/emperor" is a matter of subjectivity; more likely than not he'd be deposed or assassinated later on if Princep had failed.
King; "Kill the Slavs."
Slavs: "At least we're genetically superior."
Yes and Sophie's family wasn't mediatised either
I’ve always enjoyed learning about the hapsburgs. Fascinating history and family.
Same minus the inbreeding tho
😍❤😍😍❤
@@soobindoll9561 oh but it’s the inbreeding that makes it all so unique. Ha ha I’m joking. I find them interesting cause they are so different. What a family! I feel sorry for a lot of the queens because as young women back then they didn’t have a choice in the matter. Yuk imagine having to marry your uncle
My favorite royal family next to the Tudors.
@@soobindoll9561 that’s what’s so fascinating.
A little update on the present day Habsburgs: Karl and Francesca divorced in 2017, and she is the daughter of the Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza of Lugano's Villa Favorita fame.
Any time I feel bad about my health issues, I watch the Hapsburgs episodes. Suddenly I don't feel so bad😂
all these RUclips history videos are making me realize just how much bs we were served in elementary and middle school history classes. Plus all the information the teachers did not tell us, important information which put soooo many things into perspective!
Yes! 100%
Idk how Habsburg inbreeding is in any way relevant to your academic future. It's a neat thing to know but really not necessary to know
@@Shirokroete lol okay I'll elaborate comment for you: (I live in Europe) I have been learning about the Habsburgs in history classes by reading boring texts in a book and the teacher dictates notes for us. This video showed the Habsburgs in a whole new light to me. The topic was presented in a very interesting way by a very knowledgeable person. I wish all my history classes were entertaining and interesting like this. History is very vast, history classes covered only a very skimmed history of the world. There are new facts discovered every day. And then there are people like Lindsey who study these facts and present them to us. Even the history of the town you live in is worth several hours of lectures, so to state "if the topic of Habsburgs inbreeding had an impact on my academic career and if it's necessary to know" is bold. We could argue for years about what is and what isn't necessary to know from history. I studied civil engineering and later moved to material research in my doctoral studies, so history and many other subjects and topics I learned in school had a very little to no impact on my academic future. To sum up, the whole point of my comment was, that history classes did not present the topics sufficiently and without context and many facts and that this video has showed me a whole new point of view in a captivating way.
@@ShirokroeteYeah, that's a footnote at most. Even if their reign was impactful., History books usually focuses on big picture cause and effect, not nobility.
I'm not sure why youtube recommended me this video, but I'm not mad about it, loved listening to this!
The more I listened to this the more I thought that none of these things would have happened without greed. Sad how many people suffered and died due to inbreeding and infighting.
5 seizures trying to consummate his marriage, poor bastard 🤣 very much enjoyed all the subtle roasting in these two episodes, I am now subscribing
Thank you for addressing the beginning of WWI differently than many youtubers. Balkan Slavs were cannon fodder and second grade citizens for many centuries between Austrians and Ottomans. Assassination in Sarajevo was an act of rebellion and a cry for freedom.
Great videos! Thanks to youtube algorithm I will be binging your content this week!
In many ways, if you observe the political attitude towards peoples and countries of the region (all our internal issues aside) we still are observed as a second class by the rest of the Europe.
The idiot students" act of freedom " caused the loss and destruction of millions of lives
Could it be the inbreeding is why I don't have a son? No, my wife's uterus is wrong.
Oh man and all these poor women dying in childbirth maybe because the children weren't viable 🥺🥺🥺🥺
Those poor women... just because some ignorant members insisted to "keep the blood pure" and doing the complete opposite. Uneccessary suffering and nobody was helped with that.
@@nelsama0881not even just ignorance! Societies PLURAL have had taboos and results to show. That’s sinister behavior right there
Actually that’s not enough. Let’s actually put moral responsibility on my wife for not allowing me the birth of a son as if she can control the processes of her uterus manually lol
It's been a LOOOOONNNG TIIIIIMMMEE since I was so enthralled by history!! And now I really know who Franz Ferdinand was and why his death was such a cataclysmic event!!
Maria Theresa’s father Charles VI actually moved to Spain and won the War of Spanish Succession. He was set to inherit the Spanish throne after France relinquished its claim … but for his brother unexpectedly dying. This would have left him both the Spanish and Austrian thrones. Having someone rule such a huge territory reminded the rest of Europe of Charles V and they all objected, forcing him to choose only the Austrian territories. The French installed a successor under the absolute rule that the Spanish Bourbon branch could never unit with France.
You mentioned there not being an aunt marrying a nephew, funnily enough there was an instance of such in Portugal. In 1777, 15-year-old Joseph, Prince of Brazil married his mother's sister at the request of the dying king, 30-year-old Benedita. No, no kids
Twenty seizures a day?! Jesus that sounds like total hell
The fact that he lived to the AGE OF 82 is honestly more surprising if you think about it.
That's the power of apricot dumplings for you.
I have learned more about true history watching videos of well educated on the subject than I did in my whole academic life. Thank you.
Back then:
“Haha you’re not a blue blood!”
“No fair! :(“
Now:
“Haha you’re not a blue blood”
“Thank god.”
Don’t think it’s that radical to think inbreeding is bad
“Elenor a model, Ferdinand a race car driver, and Gloria” poor Gloria 😂😂
I think Gloria was still in school when this video came out and hadn't started a career path yet.
Give her a chance to get going with something - she's young
Princesses & Princes:
In Disney: 🤴👸🧚♂️🧜♀️🧜♂️
Reality:🤡👹👺👽
💯👍🏿
After watching game of thrones and countless movies on royal drama, this family tree connected it all! I love how you throw shade at some of these royals XD Love your humor
"And he insisted to call him Uncle" I wanted to barf🤢
"he insisted that his new bride call him uncle"
my face just then, im telling you xD
Yep.🤨Blech!😝
What great work you're doing, Lindsay! Thank you so much 😉👍
By the time it started to inbreed, the Habsburg line was quite diverse. Frederick III's paternal grandmother, Viridis Visconti is an Italian noble. His maternal grandfather Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia is a member of the Polish Piast dynasty, while his maternal grandmother Alexandra of Lithuania is directly related to the Eastern Slavic Rurik dynasty & distantly to the Lithuanian Jagellonian dynasty. Frederick III married Eleanor of Portugal, whose paternal grandmother is Phillipa of Lancaster, granddaughter of Edward III of England & maternal grandfather Ferdinand I of Aragon, was from the Trastamara dynasty that already ruled both Castille & Aragon. His son HRE Maximilian I married Mary of Burgundy, who was a male-line descendent of John II of France, who was again closely related to the Hungarian Arpad dynasty through female lines. So Maximillian' son Philip the Handsome, progenitor of both Spanish & Austrian branches of the Hapsburg family had significant amounts of German, French, English, Italian, Iberian, Hungarian & Eastern European ancestry. Had some descendents of Philip bothered to marry some Scottish, Balkan, Greek & Sandanavian nobility, they would have become the very embodiment of European genome.
You could say the Protestant Reformation was largely to blame for the Habsburg inbreeding. Since many states converted to Protestantism,they couldn't bring fresh blood to the family and the only other similar Catholic power of relatively same stature was France,a mortal enemy of the Habsburgs. So they married sparingly outside of the family
The fact that Sissy and her story is pretty widely known across Austria and Germany, with multiple movie and theater adaptations and I am just now learning that she was not only partially inbred herself, but also actively participating in it makes her and Franzs relationship in those movies a lot less romantic
Funny enough, Ferdinand I went into farming after he retired. He then made a fortune by taking care of some county he was handed. His nephew (Emperor Francis Joseph) inherited the fortune later on, benefitting the empire's finances a lot.
Ferdinand also spoke 5 languages, was able to ride, draw, duel, and had a huge interest in farming and technology. The reason people call him dumb is mostly because he sucked at politics.
The dumpling comment sure didn't help either.
@@FaeSparrow Indeed.
I suspect the situation was similar to how Charles II was treated - Ferdinand's terrible disabilities led people to believe he was less intelligent than he was and so they considered him a lost cause. Thus, he was likely very sheltered, which made him naïve about politics. It's amazing to think of how much healthier he would have been if he had had access to modern medicine. The hydrocephalus and epilepsy could have been controlled at least up to a point.
“But are they allowed to do that.” Had me laughing
"He insisted his new bride call him Uncle." I just threw up in my mouth a bit.
Your vids and edits are on point. Try not to hang on certain syllables too long but the narration is very pleasant and easy to listen to. Looking forward to watching more. Fascinating topics.
Valid constructive criticism! I agree! ❤️M
I love all the work that has gone into this presentation, as all of Lindsay's videos, however the end gave me a chuckle. The remaining Hapsburgs are individually as follows: jewlery designer/model, race car driver, annnnnd Gloria. For those wondering, she is a documentary film producer.
It's hilarious and terrifying that the Habsburgs basically had control over the destiny of Europe for at least 600 years. Sometimes indirectly (like WWI) but still there was always a family member involved in any important conflict or event. It's honestly impressive
The end just being "Eleanor, a model and jewelry designer, ferdinand, a race car driver... and Gloria" is exactly how I feel towards my siblings lmao. My siblings are all doing way better than I am lol
My day is made😁 waiting for P2 was excruciating! Great work, as usual 👏 👏👏Love your channel
24:32 "When he tried [to consummate the marriage], he had five seizures."
That sounds like a Blackadder joke.
It's interesting how Eleanor, Ferdinand and Gloria seem to have careers that are considered to be more glamourous (for those wondering, Gloria is a producer for documentaries) and yet Empress Zita had to rely on charity after the family had to leave Austria and Emperor Charles died. They didn't have a whole lot, and then it got worse when they had to get out of Europe in a hurry during World War II since they got associated with the resistance movement against Nazis in Austria. I know this mainly because Zita lived for a while in a house in Quebec City that was loaned to her by nuns who took pity on the family, and my mom worked for their convent for a while and got to meet a few nuns who knew Zita.
I'm not sure why the algorithm brought me here, but I'm glad. This was well written and researched.
I have watched a few different videos on RUclips about the Habsburgs, but this is the most in depth video of them all! When I first heard of the famous Charles II, I actually felt sorry for him, his family had spent so many generations inbreeding that they sealed his fate, he didn't even have a chance at a remotely normal life, even for a royal! Perhaps the whole reason it went on for so long, was because they were all so messed up mentally as well as physically, that they literally didn't have the sense enough to stop it!
Thank you Lindsay for doing my Request!👌👍👍👍
Leopold: OK boys, if neither of you are able to sire a son, Joe's girls get a turn first.
Joseph: thanks Dad!
Charles: Sure... (later on)... What? No! Heck to that!
Man, she named 3 daughters “Maria Carolina”. I mean after the first 2 died it was either “3 strikes you’re out”. Or “Third times the Charm”.
This video dropped a day before what would've been Gregor Mendel's 200th birthday!
I love that Gloria was just described as “Gloria.” 🤣
This has become one of my favorite channels, I've had to binge-watch all your content. It is awesome :D and so informative, thank you for sharing!
"genetically far removed enough" is not a sentence i thought i would ever hear
Eleanor of Portugal is also a distant relative of Juana of Castile (Eleanor’s grandfather was Juana’s father’s great grandfather). So yeah, Juana and her husband were technically related already.
I'm absolutely loving this series! Thanks Lindsey❤
I'm surprised that you didn't talk about Otto Von Hapsburg, who was very active in the European Integration movement and helping tear down the Iron Curtain with the Pan-European Picnic. It's kind of ironic that the Hapsburgs had attempted to bind Europe together under their own dynasty, but arguably the most successful member in that regard wasn't a royal at all.
"But he was imbred enough for both of them" lmao
It’s remarkable that the women kept giving birth. It’s like the equivalent to risking your life but i understand that they need to secure the throne but
Men: “I need a son”
women: “but I don’t want to die”
Men: “I need a son”
And they did not know it was the males that decided the sex of a child. Henry VIII always blamed his wives for having a girl child - one boy lives for awhile.
Often it seemed that the women did indeed want to have children. Not always and not always the extreme amounts of kids but generally they seemed willing to go through the risks of childbirth
...died at the age of 21 giving birth to her 5th child.
Poor one.
Oh Lindsay!!!
You've been so close yet so far from talking about my dissertation subjects: Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (uncle of Franz Ferdinand) and his wife Empress Charlotte of Mexico and Princess of Belgium, rulers of Mexico's Second Imperial Period.
Truly hope one day you can talk about Mexico's Empires, beginning with the Aztec, perhaps the Mayan, and ending with the First Empire after the Independence, ruled by Agustin I of the House of Iturbide, whose descendants were protégées of Maximilian and Charlotte once they were crowned Emperors of Mexico.
This passage of my country's history is widely unknown even among my connationals.
The attention to detail in this channel is truly amazing.