My book about everything you need to know about the Supreme Court is now available! Amazon: amzn.to/3Jj3ZnS Bookshop (a collection of indie publishers): bookshop.org/books/the-power-of-and-frustration-with-our-supreme-court-100-supreme-court-cases-you-should-know-about-with-mr-beat/9781684810680 Barnes and Noble: www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-power-of-our-supreme-court-matt-beat/1142323504?ean=9781684810680 Amazon UK: www.amazon.co.uk/s?k=the+power+of+our+supreme+court&crid=3R59T7TQ6WKI3&sprefix=the+power+of+our+supreme+courth%2Caps%2C381&ref=nb_sb_noss Mango: mango.bz/books/the-power-of-our-supreme-court-by-matt-beat-2523-b Target: www.target.com/p/the-power-of-our-supreme-court-by-matt-beat-paperback/-/A-86273023 Walmart: www.walmart.com/ip/The-Power-of-Our-Supreme-Court-How-the-Supreme-Court-Cases-Shape-Democracy-Paperback-9781684810680/688487495 Chapters Indigo: www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/the-power-of-our-supreme/9781684810680-item.html?ikwid=The+Power+of+Our+Supreme+Court&ikwsec=Home&ikwidx=0#algoliaQueryId=eab3e89ad34051a62471614d72966b7e
I like to imagine the SCOTUS Justices all sitting on the opposite side of the room as one of their peers just start throwing papers across the room and screaming about Tennessee and Memphis
Fun fact: Earl Warren once said that this was one of the most important cases he presided over. For comparison he also presided over Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona & Brown v. Board of Education.
I think with the civil rights cases he just thought that he was just basically following the constitution to the letter. Like sure, they were important and pivotal decisions, but not hard to make. Also, they were following public opinion anyway. This one meanwhile is much more open-ended and the ramifications, particularly on the power of the federal government, are huge.
It's amazing how this rural vs urban debate is still happening to this day. Thank you for your content Mr. Beat! I always learn something new every week because of you! 😊
@@nathanieljones8043 I was thinking more about how rural areas have more voter power than urban ones due to the electoral college but writing debate probably wasn't the best word.
Fun fact: This case actually helped Jimmy Carter become a national figure. In 1962, when the Supreme Court issued its opinion in the case of Baker v. Carr, Carter was a member of the Sumter County Board of Education. After Baker v. Carr, Georgia, Carter's home state, had to create dozens of new voting districts, an opportunity Carter used to join the state senate!
Jimmy was a good man, but not a great president. Though he did amazing things as a former president, right up until he died. But while in office his policies nearly put my daddy out of business. It took years and years to get back to the same level of success from before Carter. Still I admire him for all the good he did after he left office.
@@autumnleaving Yes he is! I *just* saw his 100th Birthday photo. Sorry about that. I hadn’t seen anything from him in like five years or so. I shouldn’t have assumed. He has done amazing things as an ambassador and with his charity work, particularly with Habitat for Humanity. He is a home state boy and we are proud of what a good man he is, but he was too good a man for politics and four more years would have bankrupted my daddy’s small business and our family.
Just goes to show that those who serve on the Court are human beings who experience the frailties of being human when making a decision on a specific case
Well imagine this, You're appointed and selected as a Judge on the Supreme Court; deciding over various issues of importance within the US with the main idea of determining the interpretation of the Constitution on various issues. Then suddenly the Supreme Court Accepts an issue that has a whole big impact on the Governments involvement in districts. If you say yes, then you grant immediately a power to the Federal Government the Constitution is never clear about, and if you say no; then the issue is entirely a State issue which said issue impacts how the States Elections are; of which can theoretically determine the outcome for major elections to come by redrawing districts in a matter that is favorable to the majority party of said State thus no accountability.
@@conversationtosaurusrex The states rights explanation you gave. That's the perfect explanation why the Constitution has to be interpreted as a living document, meant to adapt with the times, needs of the people and situational & individual context. And if that living interpretation also means amending the document, so be it.
Never thought a Supreme Court case would basically cause a justice to leave the court (or just impact a justice’s health that much)…pretty surprising to me
@@iammrbeat Fair point, I saw some other comments about how the weight of decisions might impact them and it makes more sense, especially because Whitaker was a swing vote and the implications of taking up political questions. I guess I never thought of it that way before
I'm suprised the mental well being of the justices is something ive never considered. I wonder how intense things are behind the scenes nowadays. I hope all the justices are doing well
I’m in the UK studying history, and part of our course is American history in the 20th century. Your videos are amazing, and really helpful! Thanks, Mr Beat!
When Earl Warren was asked which case was his most important, the interviewer fully expected himm to say Brown v. Board of Education. He said Baker v. Carr.
I work for the TN legislature, and as I type this, I am looking at Joe Carr's profile picture of the 78th General Assembly, where Carr was Chief Clerk of the House. He was Chief Clerk for 4 years before returning to be Secretary of State, wherein this case occured. He is named in the case since the SoS is the conductor of elections. Pretty cool to have noticed his picture on the wall across from me, then watch this video like a day later without knowing any correlation. I even wondered in my head "lol what if it's that guy haha", then whattya know, history man.
It's funny how in Ohio has this one blue district that is this one skinny line that snakes around. And NC has a red district that does similar. Gerrymandering does create cool geometry through.
Ikr? The are even cases (the NC one from the video is probably one of them) where one district would go over a brige and another would go under it. Both still count because they are contiguous. This is my personal favorite type of gerrymander.
@@alonkatz4633 I think in the new gerrymandering maps they should make the districts so you need to use integral calculus to find the area taken up by the districts.
This video made me go back and binge your entire Supreme Court Briefs series, and I have to say, it made me realize just how important it is to not only follow Supreme Court decisions, but also keep tabs on what the decisions mean and how they can be applied down the road.
Ok, this is the second video of yours I’ve seen. The first being the case about Eugenics and forced sterilization. I’m sold. In just two videos I feel like I’ve learned more than I ever did in public school. I subscribed. Looking forward to going through you back catalog. Thanks! Later edit: You video topics vary as much as my music playlists. Yay you! This is gonna be fun!
Here in GA, from 1917 to 1962, we had a "county unit system" for statewide primary elections. Each of the eight largest counties would have six unit votes, the thirty next largest would have four unit votes, and all 121 other counties would have two votes. If a candidate won a majority in a county, he got both or all the units from said county, and in the end all the units were added up to determine the winner (the person with the majority won regardless of popular vote results). What ended up happening was that us folks in Columbus, Savannah, Atlanta, etc. didn't really like that they had less of a say per capita than the average rural Georgian from, say, Stewart Co. or wherever else, so they eventually did away with it in favor of a more "one person, one vote" approach after this court decision and _Gray v. Sanders_ (1963), when the Supreme Court declared the county unit system unconstitutional. At least that's what I think; it's been a long time since I was taught this in eighth grade state history class.
This actually puts a lot into perspective. I hadn't realized the gerrymandering in days of yore was to have different sized districts. What we have now is bad, but not this flagrant
Which landmark Supreme Court case should I cover for this series next? Also, don't forget about my sponsor! Supporting the sponsor also helps out my channel. :) Visit brilliant.org/mrbeat to get started learning STEM for free, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription.
There’s a great Supreme Court-themed podcast called More Perfect and they did an episode about Baker v. Carr. It covers more info than Mr. Beat could possibly fit into this video, like how Justice Frankfurter suffered a massive stroke shortly after the Baker v. Carr decision was announced. When he was able to speak again, he said he blamed the Court’s decision for causing his stroke, and he never returned to service. I definitely recommend listening to it if you want to learn more about Baker v. Carr in an audibly exciting way
Great video as usual. Love the series. Hoonestly, it's crazy how seriously Justices take their jobs. I've heard about jusstices doing extreme stuff on the court, but this one takes the cake.
In re: Gault is a wonderful Supreme Court decision. If you are a high school teacher, your students will love this one. Gerry Gault is still alive. He would probably love to talk to you about it.
This is one of my favorite cases of the 20th century and it's very important today as it could lead to an improvement in our election system. The political question doctrine isn't good for things like political parties and how redistricting occurs which hurt us more than anyone seems to realize. I say the guarantee clause (states have to have a republican form of government) could be of some use in ending or at least weakening Gerrymandering.
I've been heavily invested in the Supreme Court's history lately due to a passion project lol, and I just started reading about this case, this video was really good timing lol. Great video as always!
I've been binging a bunch of these today to prepare for the foreign service officer test (bc it can sometimes have government and law questions), and I really love how succinct and entertaining you make these lessons
Justice Whittaker was a major example of the Peter Principle in action. He had a good record as a district judge only to be one of the weakest justices in the history of the Supreme Court.
A quote from one of these related cases has stuck with me since a Constitutional Law course I once had. "Cows don't vote, people vote." Did that come up in your research, Mr. Beat?
Apparently Whitaker’s breakdown was Frankfurter’s doing. Frankfurter took Whitaker’s fragility as wavering and drilled his views on Whitaker so hard that he broke.
Frankfurter was arguably the greatest mind ever to sit on the U.S. Supreme Court. But his not taking kindly to others not rising to his intellectual level would have been entirely in character.
6:18 who was this sanders person who had 2 supreme court cases, *and* only a year apart (or maybe a bit more or less, depending when in 63 and 64 they were)
Great video Mr. Beat! The 60's had a lot of big cases that shaped American society today. Might I suggest you make a video for Castle Rock v. Gonzales? Or more cases about what police officers can do? I feel like that would be pretty topical. :-)
It’s important for people to understand what happened in the 1990’s. Congressional district lines were totally redrawn in a bi- partisan move. They were redrawn based on demographics- the areas that typically vote D were now mostly in a district that typically had a D Congressman, and the same for those who vote R. At the same time, voting ballots were changed to remove both 3rd party and write in candidates for Congress- You have only two choices on the ballot -The D choice and the R choice. This was done to ensure that current members of Congress will continue to get re-elected over and over again. So when a member of Congress is now up for re-election, if they win the primary, then for the election, the only two choices one can vote for is the incumbent- and the incumbent’s district has been carefully crafted to contain as many members of the incumbent’s political party as possible- or the other party. No other choice. This is why even the worst Congressman get re-elected over and over again.
The solution for that would be some form of proportional representation. Districts would elect multiple people and gerrymandering would be much harder. I remember it being used in Cincinnati and New York at one time, but was dropped in the 1950s. In Cincinnati, it was repealed because opponents warned that a particular black politician could become mayor. Which was funny because he became mayor in the 1970s anyway despite repeal. I also see third party candidates on election ballots here too. At this point, it seems to be just a perennial Libertarian Party candidate thought.
@@OpinionesDeJACCsOpinions I just did a very quick search and it appears that the ability to write in varies depending on the State. I apologize if I got that part incorrect- I am basically regurgitating .from memory something that I was taught in a poly sci class 20 years ago.
@@MomentsInTrading Well, that's true as well, but what I said is also true third party candidates get their own spots on ballots. Here's from a sample ballot Harford, Connecticut, the capital of the state I currently reside in. portal.ct.gov/-/media/SOTS/ElectionServices/2020-November-Election-Ballots/HARTFORD-CT-PDF-110320.pdf
Can you please do a video on Town of Castle Rock v. Gonzales? I recently heard about this case, and that is supposedly proved that the police does not have the obligation to protect people, but I still don't get it. Can you please explain what this is all about.
It could have been decided on the “Republican government” clause of the Constitution, with an order that Tennessee follow their own Constitution. That would have been more federal.
Heck, just sue the State of Tennessee in the first place, and the SCOTUS or anyone else in the Federal Government probably wouldn't have even needed to get involved. If the State Courts are so racist that they refuse to enforce their own constitution, then you appeal to the big boys to force them to do so.
Great video! I believe this is why State Senates all have proportional districts just like State Houses - just typically with bigger districts. There have been proposals in some states to have Senators represent counties or some other district with set boundaries, but these fall foul of the one person one vote doctrine! Which then begs the questions, what's the point of states having upper and lower houses if both houses just represent the same people in the same way? (Except unicameral Nebraska, of course)
In Australia, some of our states have bicameral parliaments where the lower house and upper house both follow "one person one vote" type principles, but in different ways. For example, the state of Victoria's lower house is comprised of members representing single-member districts chosen via ranked choice voting, while the upper house uses a party-list STV system for proportional representation in larger multi-member districts called "electoral regions". Meanwhile the state of Queensland is just unicameral.
@@regularrock8637 Yes, I've seen that. I'm not convinced there's much value in that, but it did allow Victoria to elect a member of the Australian Sex Party to its upper house so that's impressive! But at least these upper houses have different electoral systems and reflect the populartion in different ways. There are US states - South Dakota is one I think - where the Senate districts are just two House districts stuck together, with both the Senator and House member elected using first past the post. It serves no purpose other than to allow SD legislators to avoid term limits by switching from Senata to House every few tersm. :)
Most states probably grant different powers to the two legislative branches with the Senate having overall more power, like how in the U.S. Congress budget bills must originate in the House, they serve different roles in impeachment hearings, and only Senators have the power to confirm Federal appointments and treaties. Although, I agree it would make more sense for State Senators to represent the entire state without any districts like they do on the Federal level.
Hey, Mr. Beat. In a future Supreme Court Briefs video, you should definitely cover United States v. Paramount Pictures and how it affects the movie theater industry forever.
Thanks for another great supreme Court briefs video Mr. Beat? Have you read the Brethren: inside the supreme Court by Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong? It's a really good read and gives good insight on the supreme Court.
Are there any Supreme Court cases about the electoral college. I think it’s a similar situation giving some states more representation because of the way state lines are.
Damn. Poor guy. Despite being a seasoned judge/justice, the pressures of an important judicial review case made him suicidal and eventually retire quietly. Being a Supreme Court Justice and being confronted with relentless nuance is a very demanding circumstance.
President During this time: John F. Kennedy Chief Justice: Earl Warren Argued April 19-20, 1961 Reargued October 9, 1961 Decided March 26, 1962 Case Duration: 341 Days Decision 6-2 in favor of Baker (Frankfurter, Harlan for Carr.)
Only 39 views?? It looks like it might be unlisted? Anyways I just finished binging this playlist, it’s been super interesting to learn about all these cases that we don’t necessarily hear about in school or otherwise, but shape our everyday lives
I love in a history book there a famous Herblock editorial cartoon that showed equal representation which showed farm animals seeing the ruling on a farm barn poster than saying: We Lost our Vote ..
I like to imagine an alternate universe where the Supreme Court was completely and utterly tied with Charles Evans as the last and only person left to decide in the Case. Leading to basically a nationwide manhunt to try to catch him and make him go back and make a decision.
I remember something like that did happen in the Texas state legislature. There was a rule that in order to pass a bill, there had to be x number of representatives present in attendance at the voting. So since the Dems knew they were going to be out voted, they instead chose to run away from the state so that there was not going to be enough representatives present in attendance. The governor sent the Texas rangers all over the country to track the Dem reps down and force them to attend the legislature. One of the state reps was hiding in the office of a Dem Senator in DC and there was a video recording of the Texas ranger reading out the warrant to the office secretary. I don't remember exactly when this happened, but it was sometime between 2015 and 2020.
It should be noted that for Justice Whittaker, this was a repeat occurrence. He dropped out of high school, didn't go to college, and got his experience as an intern and "bottle-washer" at a law firm, only going to law school at night. The other Justices reported that he would habitually come out of their conferences crying.
Mr. Beat have you considered doing a video about the Maine and Nebraska method of allocating electoral college votes by congressional district? I get into huge constitutional squabbles about it because IMHO it goes against equal protection since 96% of the states use a uniform method and these 2 states dont. Nobody seems interested in challenging their procedures and there isnt many people even talking about this issue. My contention is that if the court has ignored it for 50 years and states are electing the president this way, that means the supreme court would have jurisdiction and the authority to say that all states must use a uniform method of picking electors. What is your take on it? If 2 states do it, in theory IMHO the court or congress could say 'all states must use the Maine/Nebraska method' OR 'none of the states can use differing methods' or something else - but are we even one country if random states are doing crazy things to pick electors? Really seems like a separate but equal situation to me!
I don't get why this comes down to the 14th Amendment. Was the Tennessee state constitution not clear enough? And why should it be controversial to judge if the state government fulfills its constitutional duties? Isnt that the point of the judicial system?
Does anyone else just picture two big signs saying majority and dissent and the justices sitting on the opposing sides and a speaker in the middle delivering the opinion
Yey a supreme court brief! Btw could you do a video comparing United states v New york times (pentagon papers) with julian assanges case? I belive they’re very similar
Why didn't this go to the TN supreme court, if it was a clear violation of the TN state constitution? Seems odd that it would go to the federal court system first.
This was an important case, but why didn't they first try to sue the State of Tennessee for blatantly violating the State Constitution with no argument involving the 14th Amendment even needed in the first place? If they had succeeded there, there would've been no need to try to get the Supreme Court to reverse its precedent on political questions.
State courts traditionally agree with the process that a state applies. This makes sense as a state can't really be breaking the rules in its application of its own rules. If they had sued on that ground and the state courts dismissed it or sided with the state there would be no ground for the federal or appeals court to step in I believe. This motion would fail pretty early.
@@leroture7750 If that happened, they could just do what they actually did as Plan B. There's no reason they couldn't have sued a second time on different grounds if the first try failed. Besides, why wouldn't the appeals court take a case where an entire State Constitution is being blatantly violated? That's a perfect situation for a federal appeal to be heard!
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"... had not got [sic] ..." --"gotten"
cool! love your content!
I like to imagine the SCOTUS Justices all sitting on the opposite side of the room as one of their peers just start throwing papers across the room and screaming about Tennessee and Memphis
Mr. Beat knows about pets!😻🐶🐯🐭🐰🦨
Me too 😁
"Fucking MemPHIS TENNESSEE! REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE!!!!!!!!!"
@@sumiterxeroslargosiuscrosi7819
Bro it’s the SCOTUS, not what i call a “glue eating contest” classroom😂😂
@ethandavies they wouldn’t be the first ones to do that. Nor the lady. Lol
Fun fact: Earl Warren once said that this was one of the most important cases he presided over.
For comparison he also presided over Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona & Brown v. Board of Education.
Great Career
And Loving v. Virginia
Unsung hero how he built consensus among the justices.
@@themaestro3034 Earl Warren is a pretty well sung hero :) Even I know about the Warren Court - and I'm not even American!
I think with the civil rights cases he just thought that he was just basically following the constitution to the letter. Like sure, they were important and pivotal decisions, but not hard to make. Also, they were following public opinion anyway. This one meanwhile is much more open-ended and the ramifications, particularly on the power of the federal government, are huge.
It's amazing how this rural vs urban debate is still happening to this day. Thank you for your content Mr. Beat! I always learn something new every week because of you! 😊
Thanks so much Junie!
Debate*** why do you think the urban places got more people all of sudden.
@@nathanieljones8043 I was thinking more about how rural areas have more voter power than urban ones due to the electoral college but writing debate probably wasn't the best word.
@@night6724 (Scoffs) The Senate still exists, which is overwhelmingly favourable towards the rural voters.
rural/urban conflict
or "rural/urban classconflict"
I once heard you say this series gets the least attention but I'm glad you continue to do it because I enjoy them and learn a lot.
Well I appreciate the words of support!
Really? This is the one series of his that I'm actively going through his playlist to watch all the ones I missed before I subscribed.
Fun fact: This case actually helped Jimmy Carter become a national figure. In 1962, when the Supreme Court issued its opinion in the case of Baker v. Carr, Carter was a member of the Sumter County Board of Education. After Baker v. Carr, Georgia, Carter's home state, had to create dozens of new voting districts, an opportunity Carter used to join the state senate!
Jimmy was a good man, but not a great president. Though he did amazing things as a former president, right up until he died. But while in office his policies nearly put my daddy out of business. It took years and years to get back to the same level of success from before Carter. Still I admire him for all the good he did after he left office.
@@Jadeserphant you might be mistaken, because jimmy carter is still alive and kicking
@@autumnleaving Yes he is! I *just* saw his 100th Birthday photo. Sorry about that. I hadn’t seen anything from him in like five years or so. I shouldn’t have assumed. He has done amazing things as an ambassador and with his charity work, particularly with Habitat for Humanity. He is a home state boy and we are proud of what a good man he is, but he was too good a man for politics and four more years would have bankrupted my daddy’s small business and our family.
@@Jadeserphant sorry to say this, but he also isnt 100 yet, thats on october 1st :)
@@autumnleaving Well I’m batting a thousand. I give up. Lol
Just goes to show that those who serve on the Court are human beings who experience the frailties of being human when making a decision on a specific case
No doubt! I often wonder about the weight on the shoulders of the current justices
Yeah I mean, stripping away democracy can’t be an easy job.
@@mwolsen96 But somebodies gotta do it.
Well imagine this, You're appointed and selected as a Judge on the Supreme Court; deciding over various issues of importance within the US with the main idea of determining the interpretation of the Constitution on various issues. Then suddenly the Supreme Court Accepts an issue that has a whole big impact on the Governments involvement in districts. If you say yes, then you grant immediately a power to the Federal Government the Constitution is never clear about, and if you say no; then the issue is entirely a State issue which said issue impacts how the States Elections are; of which can theoretically determine the outcome for major elections to come by redrawing districts in a matter that is favorable to the majority party of said State thus no accountability.
@@conversationtosaurusrex The states rights explanation you gave. That's the perfect explanation why the Constitution has to be interpreted as a living document, meant to adapt with the times, needs of the people and situational & individual context. And if that living interpretation also means amending the document, so be it.
Never thought a Supreme Court case would basically cause a justice to leave the court (or just impact a justice’s health that much)…pretty surprising to me
I think one justice resigned after dred. scott
Well, there was probably other stuff going on that we didn't know about.
@@DNVIC He did. His name was Benjamin Curtis. He left the court as a protest.
@@alonkatz4633 I knew there were dissenters in that case but didn’t know Curtis left the Court as a result, thanks for the new learning!
@@iammrbeat Fair point, I saw some other comments about how the weight of decisions might impact them and it makes more sense, especially because Whitaker was a swing vote and the implications of taking up political questions. I guess I never thought of it that way before
I'm suprised the mental well being of the justices is something ive never considered. I wonder how intense things are behind the scenes nowadays. I hope all the justices are doing well
I couldn't imagine the pressure they have to deal with
I’m in the UK studying history, and part of our course is American history in the 20th century. Your videos are amazing, and really helpful! Thanks, Mr Beat!
Glad to hear it. Thanks for the kind words!
When Earl Warren was asked which case was his most important, the interviewer fully expected himm to say Brown v. Board of Education. He said Baker v. Carr.
I work for the TN legislature, and as I type this, I am looking at Joe Carr's profile picture of the 78th General Assembly, where Carr was Chief Clerk of the House. He was Chief Clerk for 4 years before returning to be Secretary of State, wherein this case occured. He is named in the case since the SoS is the conductor of elections.
Pretty cool to have noticed his picture on the wall across from me, then watch this video like a day later without knowing any correlation. I even wondered in my head "lol what if it's that guy haha", then whattya know, history man.
Great content as usual Mr. Beat!
Thanks for the knowledge
Thank you so much!
It's funny how in Ohio has this one blue district that is this one skinny line that snakes around. And NC has a red district that does similar. Gerrymandering does create cool geometry through.
Well that's one way of looking at it.
Ikr? The are even cases (the NC one from the video is probably one of them) where one district would go over a brige and another would go under it. Both still count because they are contiguous. This is my personal favorite type of gerrymander.
@@alonkatz4633 I think in the new gerrymandering maps they should make the districts so you need to use integral calculus to find the area taken up by the districts.
@@ermesdallagasperina6136 lmao that would be hularious
This video made me go back and binge your entire Supreme Court Briefs series, and I have to say, it made me realize just how important it is to not only follow Supreme Court decisions, but also keep tabs on what the decisions mean and how they can be applied down the road.
Well put, and thank you for binging!
Ok, this is the second video of yours I’ve seen. The first being the case about Eugenics and forced sterilization. I’m sold. In just two videos I feel like I’ve learned more than I ever did in public school. I subscribed. Looking forward to going through you back catalog. Thanks!
Later edit: You video topics vary as much as my music playlists. Yay you! This is gonna be fun!
“But come on, Almost everything is political. For crying out loud!”
-Mr. Beat, 2022
Other States: *Freaking out about how to draw congressional districts
Wyoming: "Why the hell is everyone freaking out?"
How do you stop gerrymandering? Be Wyoming 😄
He he, they don't even have to deviate from straight lines to draw their district.
@@iammrbeatI’d like to hear more about how Wyoming beat gerrymandering.
@@Jadeserphant they have 1 district which encompasses the entire state
Here in GA, from 1917 to 1962, we had a "county unit system" for statewide primary elections. Each of the eight largest counties would have six unit votes, the thirty next largest would have four unit votes, and all 121 other counties would have two votes. If a candidate won a majority in a county, he got both or all the units from said county, and in the end all the units were added up to determine the winner (the person with the majority won regardless of popular vote results). What ended up happening was that us folks in Columbus, Savannah, Atlanta, etc. didn't really like that they had less of a say per capita than the average rural Georgian from, say, Stewart Co. or wherever else, so they eventually did away with it in favor of a more "one person, one vote" approach after this court decision and _Gray v. Sanders_ (1963), when the Supreme Court declared the county unit system unconstitutional.
At least that's what I think; it's been a long time since I was taught this in eighth grade state history class.
Yep, you remembered well. Wait that was all by memory? Impressive 😁
Actually I looked up some of this while editing the comment
This actually puts a lot into perspective. I hadn't realized the gerrymandering in days of yore was to have different sized districts. What we have now is bad, but not this flagrant
As a Tennessean, I always love to learn about my state's history.
Once again great topic and video Mr beat it is always interesting when you cover these types of supreme court cases
I'm glad you dig them.
Wonderful!!
Which landmark Supreme Court case should I cover for this series next?
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Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock!
Hey there
Clay v United States
Laidlaw v Organ or Mahanoy
FCC v. Fox Television Stations
There’s a great Supreme Court-themed podcast called More Perfect and they did an episode about Baker v. Carr. It covers more info than Mr. Beat could possibly fit into this video, like how Justice Frankfurter suffered a massive stroke shortly after the Baker v. Carr decision was announced. When he was able to speak again, he said he blamed the Court’s decision for causing his stroke, and he never returned to service. I definitely recommend listening to it if you want to learn more about Baker v. Carr in an audibly exciting way
Great video as usual. Love the series.
Hoonestly, it's crazy how seriously Justices take their jobs. I've heard about jusstices doing extreme stuff on the court, but this one takes the cake.
Thank you! And to be fair, they do have very serious jobs. 😏
That's the worldwide headquarters of "Care Bears" in Cleveland, Ohio! Just really?👍👍👍👍👍
I grew up in Memphis and now live in Nashville so this was very interesting for me! Thanks, Mr. Beat!
Interesting! Keep up the great content! Love learning here!
Thanks Stacey! Did you get the book yet?
@@iammrbeat I did! Will start reading tonight! Thanks so much!
I used a lot of these Supreme Court brief videos to study for my AP Gov exam. Thanks for making these Mr Beat
I'm so glad they helped! (I'm assuming they did 😄😳)
@@iammrbeat Of course
Thank you so much Mr. Beat for being the best teacher that I never had. :)
Awww, well thank YOU
"The Supreme court case that caused someone to have a mental breakdown"
Me : You needed a court case?
Heh heh
In re: Gault is a wonderful Supreme Court decision. If you are a high school teacher, your students will love this one. Gerry Gault is still alive. He would probably love to talk to you about it.
This is one of my favorite cases of the 20th century and it's very important today as it could lead to an improvement in our election system. The political question doctrine isn't good for things like political parties and how redistricting occurs which hurt us more than anyone seems to realize. I say the guarantee clause (states have to have a republican form of government) could be of some use in ending or at least weakening Gerrymandering.
I’ve been waiting for you to cover this case
Yeah it took me way too long.
I've been heavily invested in the Supreme Court's history lately due to a passion project lol, and I just started reading about this case, this video was really good timing lol.
Great video as always!
I've been binging a bunch of these today to prepare for the foreign service officer test (bc it can sometimes have government and law questions), and I really love how succinct and entertaining you make these lessons
Justice Whittaker was a major example of the Peter Principle in action. He had a good record as a district judge only to be one of the weakest justices in the history of the Supreme Court.
There was one justice who had a stroke but was hanging on to collect a pension. Congress finally voted him one so he could retire.
A quote from one of these related cases has stuck with me since a Constitutional Law course I once had. "Cows don't vote, people vote." Did that come up in your research, Mr. Beat?
Great video! I didn't know abou this Supreme Court case before, but now I do! Keep up the amazing content!
Thank you!
My favorite series, always fun to see another upload =)
I'm from Shelby County(Memphis specifically) so this is special for me!
Once again, a fantastic video Mr. Beat! I really enjoyed this one. You should do Hamdan v. Rumsfeld next
i grew up in the Millington area, I never knew this. thank you!
I'm a Californian. I get 1/14th the vote of people from some other states.
Wow how many assignments are so incredibly stressful that it gives you a nervous breakdown and causes you to enter a mental hospital and quit your job
Apparently Whitaker’s breakdown was Frankfurter’s doing. Frankfurter took Whitaker’s fragility as wavering and drilled his views on Whitaker so hard that he broke.
Frankfurter was arguably the greatest mind ever to sit on the U.S. Supreme Court. But his not taking kindly to others not rising to his intellectual level would have been entirely in character.
6:18 who was this sanders person who had 2 supreme court cases, *and* only a year apart (or maybe a bit more or less, depending when in 63 and 64 they were)
The briefs are my favorite, Sir Beat. More please!
It's such a shame that it's the first time I am hearing about such an interesting case.
Our education system has really failed us.
Thanks for the video. Thanks.
Thank YOU
Joe Carr clearly doesn’t understand that we live in a Society.
Indeed.
Good to learn something new.
Great video Mr. Beat! The 60's had a lot of big cases that shaped American society today. Might I suggest you make a video for Castle Rock v. Gonzales? Or more cases about what police officers can do? I feel like that would be pretty topical. :-)
I plan on doing that case!
I love the supreme court briefs Mr. Beat, good job educating us about our rights (or in some cases lack thereof).
Thank you Marc!
It is absurd to believe any part of government can be apolitical
It’s important for people to understand what happened in the 1990’s. Congressional district lines were totally redrawn in a bi- partisan move. They were redrawn based on demographics- the areas that typically vote D were now mostly in a district that typically had a D Congressman, and the same for those who vote R.
At the same time, voting ballots were changed to remove both 3rd party and write in candidates for Congress- You have only two choices on the ballot -The D choice and the R choice.
This was done to ensure that current members of Congress will continue to get re-elected over and over again.
So when a member of Congress is now up for re-election, if they win the primary, then for the election, the only two choices one can vote for is the incumbent- and the incumbent’s district has been carefully crafted to contain as many members of the incumbent’s political party as possible- or the other party. No other choice.
This is why even the worst Congressman get re-elected over and over again.
It happened before the 1990s, but yes escalated greatly during that decade.
Ah, I'm not sure about your state, but I see third party candidates on the ballots I've voted on every single year since 2012 when I first voted.
The solution for that would be some form of proportional representation. Districts would elect multiple people and gerrymandering would be much harder.
I remember it being used in Cincinnati and New York at one time, but was dropped in the 1950s. In Cincinnati, it was repealed because opponents warned that a particular black politician could become mayor. Which was funny because he became mayor in the 1970s anyway despite repeal.
I also see third party candidates on election ballots here too. At this point, it seems to be just a perennial Libertarian Party candidate thought.
@@OpinionesDeJACCsOpinions I just did a very quick search and it appears that the ability to write in varies depending on the State. I apologize if I got that part incorrect- I am basically regurgitating .from memory something that I was taught in a poly sci class 20 years ago.
@@MomentsInTrading
Well, that's true as well, but what I said is also true third party candidates get their own spots on ballots.
Here's from a sample ballot Harford, Connecticut, the capital of the state I currently reside in.
portal.ct.gov/-/media/SOTS/ElectionServices/2020-November-Election-Ballots/HARTFORD-CT-PDF-110320.pdf
I love you Mr beat
Can you please do a video on Town of Castle Rock v. Gonzales? I recently heard about this case, and that is supposedly proved that the police does not have the obligation to protect people, but I still don't get it. Can you please explain what this is all about.
Thank you.
It could have been decided on the “Republican government” clause of the Constitution, with an order that Tennessee follow their own Constitution. That would have been more federal.
Great point!
Or both, SCOTUS isn't limited to one clause per case.
@@OpinionesDeJACCsOpinions The Warren Court was not known for scholarship in writing their opinions. Some good results, with a lame support.
@@tomhalla426
I guess, I'm just a layman that loves to learn about everything.
Heck, just sue the State of Tennessee in the first place, and the SCOTUS or anyone else in the Federal Government probably wouldn't have even needed to get involved. If the State Courts are so racist that they refuse to enforce their own constitution, then you appeal to the big boys to force them to do so.
Great video! I believe this is why State Senates all have proportional districts just like State Houses - just typically with bigger districts. There have been proposals in some states to have Senators represent counties or some other district with set boundaries, but these fall foul of the one person one vote doctrine! Which then begs the questions, what's the point of states having upper and lower houses if both houses just represent the same people in the same way? (Except unicameral Nebraska, of course)
A very good point 🤨
In Australia, some of our states have bicameral parliaments where the lower house and upper house both follow "one person one vote" type principles, but in different ways. For example, the state of Victoria's lower house is comprised of members representing single-member districts chosen via ranked choice voting, while the upper house uses a party-list STV system for proportional representation in larger multi-member districts called "electoral regions". Meanwhile the state of Queensland is just unicameral.
@@regularrock8637 Yes, I've seen that. I'm not convinced there's much value in that, but it did allow Victoria to elect a member of the Australian Sex Party to its upper house so that's impressive! But at least these upper houses have different electoral systems and reflect the populartion in different ways. There are US states - South Dakota is one I think - where the Senate districts are just two House districts stuck together, with both the Senator and House member elected using first past the post. It serves no purpose other than to allow SD legislators to avoid term limits by switching from Senata to House every few tersm. :)
Most states probably grant different powers to the two legislative branches with the Senate having overall more power, like how in the U.S. Congress budget bills must originate in the House, they serve different roles in impeachment hearings, and only Senators have the power to confirm Federal appointments and treaties.
Although, I agree it would make more sense for State Senators to represent the entire state without any districts like they do on the Federal level.
They're relics in place before the decision in question was made. I was part of an unsuccessful effort in MI to eliminate the State Senate.
Hey, Mr. Beat. In a future Supreme Court Briefs video, you should definitely cover United States v. Paramount Pictures and how it affects the movie theater industry forever.
I plan on it Devin!
My hometown! Much love ❤️
Wow i didn’t even know this video got released! Hell yeah another Supreme Court briefs!!!!!
“They appointed a woman to the Supreme Court. And his name was Earl Warren.” -Hank Hill
Holy crap I must find this clip
Thanks for another great supreme Court briefs video Mr. Beat? Have you read the Brethren: inside the supreme Court by Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong? It's a really good read and gives good insight on the supreme Court.
Damn. Looks like even Supreme Court Justices have side effects that normal jobs do......stress
Agreed.
Are there any Supreme Court cases about the electoral college. I think it’s a similar situation giving some states more representation because of the way state lines are.
Not that I am aware of, but states are meant to be weighted more for the Senate and Electoral College, so I highly doubt a decision would ever happen.
Love your videos
Thank you!
Damn. Poor guy. Despite being a seasoned judge/justice, the pressures of an important judicial review case made him suicidal and eventually retire quietly. Being a Supreme Court Justice and being confronted with relentless nuance is a very demanding circumstance.
Oh, these are wonderful snaps and bites, and footmarks in my Law studies, So I thank thee, Mr. Beat! And my goodness, poor sir, Whittaker.
Are you currently in law school?
@@iammrbeat I plan to, but currently you could say, I'm a free observer of the law, soaking in all that I can, getting some tactile experience first
Another interesting and relevant video!
Great video.
President During this time: John F. Kennedy
Chief Justice: Earl Warren
Argued April 19-20, 1961
Reargued October 9, 1961
Decided March 26, 1962
Case Duration: 341 Days
Decision 6-2 in favor of Baker (Frankfurter, Harlan for Carr.)
Only 39 views?? It looks like it might be unlisted? Anyways I just finished binging this playlist, it’s been super interesting to learn about all these cases that we don’t necessarily hear about in school or otherwise, but shape our everyday lives
Yeah I publish on Friday. You got to see it early. Thanks for the kind words and for binging.
@@iammrbeat lucky me!
I haven't been in school since the Bush Jr years but still enjoy the content !
2:53 SAY IT LOUDER FOR THE PPL IN THE BACK MR. BEAT!!!
I love in a history book there a famous Herblock editorial cartoon that showed equal representation which showed farm animals seeing the ruling on a farm barn poster than saying: We Lost our Vote ..
My favorite series!
I don’t blame him my head hurts just learning about this
I like to imagine an alternate universe where the Supreme Court was completely and utterly tied with Charles Evans as the last and only person left to decide in the Case. Leading to basically a nationwide manhunt to try to catch him and make him go back and make a decision.
I remember something like that did happen in the Texas state legislature. There was a rule that in order to pass a bill, there had to be x number of representatives present in attendance at the voting. So since the Dems knew they were going to be out voted, they instead chose to run away from the state so that there was not going to be enough representatives present in attendance. The governor sent the Texas rangers all over the country to track the Dem reps down and force them to attend the legislature. One of the state reps was hiding in the office of a Dem Senator in DC and there was a video recording of the Texas ranger reading out the warrant to the office secretary. I don't remember exactly when this happened, but it was sometime between 2015 and 2020.
Please do The Switch In Time That Saved Nine! West Coast Hotel Co. v Parrish
That one has been on my list for a while.
I like the little siren sound at the beginning of the video.
It should be noted that for Justice Whittaker, this was a repeat occurrence. He dropped out of high school, didn't go to college, and got his experience as an intern and "bottle-washer" at a law firm, only going to law school at night. The other Justices reported that he would habitually come out of their conferences crying.
One of the best decisions in Supreme Court history.
Mr. Beat have you considered doing a video about the Maine and Nebraska method of allocating electoral college votes by congressional district? I get into huge constitutional squabbles about it because IMHO it goes against equal protection since 96% of the states use a uniform method and these 2 states dont. Nobody seems interested in challenging their procedures and there isnt many people even talking about this issue. My contention is that if the court has ignored it for 50 years and states are electing the president this way, that means the supreme court would have jurisdiction and the authority to say that all states must use a uniform method of picking electors. What is your take on it? If 2 states do it, in theory IMHO the court or congress could say 'all states must use the Maine/Nebraska method' OR 'none of the states can use differing methods' or something else - but are we even one country if random states are doing crazy things to pick electors? Really seems like a separate but equal situation to me!
5:08 ayyyy Michigan.
3:00 After Mr. Beat said, "Everything is political," I got a TikTok ad.
I don't get why this comes down to the 14th Amendment. Was the Tennessee state constitution not clear enough?
And why should it be controversial to judge if the state government fulfills its constitutional duties? Isnt that the point of the judicial system?
Sounds like the Tennessee Supreme Court wasn't doing its job.
You should do wickard v filburn
Does anyone else just picture two big signs saying majority and dissent and the justices sitting on the opposing sides and a speaker in the middle delivering the opinion
Yey a supreme court brief! Btw could you do a video comparing United states v New york times (pentagon papers) with julian assanges case? I belive they’re very similar
I do need to make another whistle-blower video 🤔
US politics are the most entertaining thing ever
7:09 calling it now, this is gunna get overturned in the next 10 years
It would seem this has some parallels to the Electoral College...
Why didn't this go to the TN supreme court, if it was a clear violation of the TN state constitution? Seems odd that it would go to the federal court system first.
Are there lawsuits over gerrymandering?
Can you do Arlington Virginia vs Arlington Texas?
This was an important case, but why didn't they first try to sue the State of Tennessee for blatantly violating the State Constitution with no argument involving the 14th Amendment even needed in the first place? If they had succeeded there, there would've been no need to try to get the Supreme Court to reverse its precedent on political questions.
State courts traditionally agree with the process that a state applies. This makes sense as a state can't really be breaking the rules in its application of its own rules. If they had sued on that ground and the state courts dismissed it or sided with the state there would be no ground for the federal or appeals court to step in I believe. This motion would fail pretty early.
@@leroture7750 If that happened, they could just do what they actually did as Plan B. There's no reason they couldn't have sued a second time on different grounds if the first try failed.
Besides, why wouldn't the appeals court take a case where an entire State Constitution is being blatantly violated? That's a perfect situation for a federal appeal to be heard!
This seems somehow still relative.
Like the state's still do shenanigans.