Gary Taubes - 'The Quality of Calories: Competing paradigms of obesity pathogenesis'
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- Опубликовано: 1 ноя 2019
- Gary Taubes is an investigative science and health journalist and co-founder of the non-profit Nutrition Science Initiative (NuSI.org). He is the author of The Case Against Sugar (2016), Why We Get Fat and What to Do About It (2011) and Good Calories, Bad Calories (2007), published as The Diet Delusion in the UK.
Taubes is the recipient of a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Investigator Award in Health Policy Research, and has won numerous other awards for his journalism. These include the International Health Reporting Award from the Pan American Health Organization and the National Association of Science Writers Science in Society Journalism Award, which he won in 1996, 1999 and 2001. (He is the first print journalist to win this award three times.)
Taubes graduated from Harvard College in 1977 with an S.B. degree in applied physics, and received an M.S. degree in engineering from Stanford University (1978) and in journalism from Columbia. 
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Read Good Calories , Bad Calories about 9 years ago . My husband had 3 strokes, could not walk or talk, could not cheat on the doctor
recommend diet, was getting blood work every 3 weeks and always worse. I had lived on 1200 low fat, high fibre for decades, had an extremely active job and was fat, hungry and depressed.
Because of Taubes I changes are diet.
My husband is doing great. Bloodwork improved right after we changed and he slowly became more mobile and was soon able to talk again. I dropped 60 pounds. My trigs, went from high to low.
I will never return to low fat he'll again .
From my point of view, this man is a hero.
Dawn E well done keep it up ,it’s such hard work
Thank you for sharing this!
Congrats! Gary really is the best. I have all of his books. So informative. Listen to him either on Joe Rogan podcast or interviews elsewhere about comparing himself to his brother. It’s pretty funny and tells you a lot about why he is so passionate on this topic. I don’t ever listen to naturally thin people who were blessed with metabolic health that have NO CLUE personally about the struggles. Like someone on a famous tv show that tortures heavy people with low fat and extreme exercise exploiting them for $. I’ll be quiet now. Back to you and your husband - congrats and hope you are continuing your journey without looking back.
Gary is such a pleasure to listen to, love his sense of humour and delivery.👍
I could listen to Gary Taubes repeating himself 2 hours a week!
I do!
Politics has overtaken science in the US to our great peril. We need more voices like Gary Taubes and Nina Teicholz to shed light on the search for truth.
Medical students need to watch this.
I am. I can't speak for others, but I suspect a few others are watching this too.
There is better information out there. I'm thriving (as never before) on carbs. Check out Dr. Robert Lustig (Pediatric Endocrinologist and Professor) or Dr.T Colin Campbell (Biochemist, Researcher) or Dr. Caldwell Esselstyn, Jr. (Cleveland Clinic) to name just a very few. These good doctors are a part of the Evidence-based nutrition movement that has helped thousands reverse every manner of diseases of the modern diet. Their approach is somewhat different that Mr. Taubes here, and for good reason.
@@wadepatton2433 no way you are reversing diabetes on a high carb diet
@@wadepatton2433 Lustig says exactly the same thing, get off the sugar. It started with the slave trade, no-one knew what sugar was until then. Euopeans never saw a potato before we went to South America and no-one saw rice before we went east so what did white man eat?
@@wadepatton2433 That's good to hear. I've never been over weight in all my 60 years on the planet so I'm not here for weight loss. I don't have bp or sugar issues either. I do have some health concerns that doctors have been useless in addressing. I'm really not sure about the keto thing that everyone is so excited about but I'm opened minded especially if it's improving people lives. I don't however believe there's a perfect one size fits all magical diet that works for everyone one. I love fruits far too much to go keto forever and give them up.
This was great, calories in vs calories out never made sense, Hormones give the total picture and how each of us respond to the different levels.
There are 3 reasons obesity will never be cured. 1) Money 2) Money 3) Money
Perhaps once a new money source is found it will be 'cured'.
U speak the truth.
1. Ecclesiastes 5:10
2. 1 Timothy 6:10
The government, the medical field and the food industry will obviously never fix it, but there is one main reason it will be cured. People want to be healthy and feel better so when they are sick and tired of being sick and tired, they are open to a real solution and we can teach them one at a time and help them understand how the body really works. 😀
If you want to know more about nutrition please go to PLANT POSITVE or NUTRITIONFACTS.ORG. heart disease is our biggest killer and denying the role of saturated fat and cholesterol in the progression of arterosclerosis is dangerous. Taubes should not be promoting a diet that denies that fact. Its boring criminal considering the potential deaths this advice can cause.
@@cypriano8763
Read Dr Malcolm Kendrick's online blog, or his book The Great Cholesterol Con, or any modern research on the diet heart hypothesis. Neither saturated fats (which are just fats where all the hydrogen positions are filled) nor cholesterol has anything to do with cardiovascular disease.You haven't a clue what you are talking about.
It is not about food.
Is about money.
The biggest part of economy is food.
If people get sick or even dies decades to early doesn't matter to Big Food.
When I was a kid more than 50 years ago the old people knew. Feeding the children with sugar makes them mentally weak and finally diabetic.
They feared plant fat specially hydrogenated.
I never found out how they knew and probably never will.
Trial & error. They knew, families knew, historians knew. Many failed to pass this information on to their kids. All the while brands targeted kids with colorful candy.
I think it was common knowledge. There was a British guy who wrote "The Banting Diet" in the 1800s. The only way he could lose weight and keep it off was by avoiding carbs - they called them starches. Then we all got brainwashed in the 1970s with the low-fat high-carb garbage.
It’s about junk carbs which are cheap to grow and can be priced for max profit
Every big new thing that was so supposedly live changing also massively poisoned us, such as ddt. And ultimately did nothing to increase total food availability. You need to have labor intesnive farms to get very high yields of real nutrition, there is just no way around it.
I remember arguing with vegans when Gary Taubes' presentations and interviews started to make appearances on RUclips 8 years ago. First they said that his claims would never be taken seriously, and second that he would be obese within a few years. Now, jump 8 years ahead to the current moment, and not only is the mainstream medical community starting to heed what Taubes has been asserting for over a decade, but he is slimmer than ever. Hence both of these predictions were flat out wrong. The only way that anyone can take a vegan's prognostications seriously is if they are already brainwashed by their propaganda, or if they have amnesia with regards to the failure rate of vegan predictions.
And he looks younger!
Well, they ARE at risk for Vitamin B defiencies on their plant-based diets, so it's hard for them to think clearly. This is why a lot of cults mandate a vegan and/or vegetarian diet.
BTW, when I was fact-checking before posting, I found this: www.vegan.com/cults/ At first I laughed my butt off, sure that this was a parody site. But when I clicked on other links, this site seems to be in dreadful earnest. I suppose just this one article could be tongue-in-cheek, but there's absolutely no indications that this is a joke. Maybe you're expected to "of course" know this, or maybe this is bait to get low carb people in an uproar, after which they can say, "Ha, ha, silly meat-eaters! Can't you tell this is a joke?" I really don't know what to think.
I am vegan. I am not in a cult. I am anti animal cruelty. I ate meat for over 60 yrs but i cannot stomach the torment and torturing of animals for food. I am also on keto and take supplements. I am fit and not overweight. So far so good.
@@ronachadwick7908 You are still killing living things genius - i.e. the insane cruelty and torment and torture to plants...
@@rajeevdsamuel agriculture destroys habitat, kills millions of living organisms. They just want to save cute snd fuzzy. No care whatsoever for other living creatures
As a physician I am competing against the massive food industry with a seemingly unlimited budget. I would spend time educating people about a low carb, nutritious diet, and they would return 3 months later having gained 5 lbs! They really wanted to stick to a good diet but the temptations were just too great!
If people ate properly our economy would tank!
Here’s a totaligy for you: Health care professionals get rich because the food industry gets rich which makes the pharmaceutical industry get rich.
Moron yep, vicious cycle!
Tautology, circular logic. I agree!
Love it. You are so awesome, Gary! Keep it going!
Mr. Taubes is so great.
Watching! Love these, Always great info.
Yeah, this channel is pretty addictive.
I only found it this year, and I binge watched for days lol.
Man what a great presentation!
so what you really need is an Insulin monitor, not blood sugar monitor.
Exactly. Or you could just not eat carbs at all. A lot of people on a keto diet tend to wanna aim for "up to 20 grams of carbs" per day. But why?
people on a carnivore diet feel even better (lots are previously keto) and eating only meat, you dont have to count, think about carbs or whatever. you just eat some meat with salt and drink some water. The simple life.
Like Shawn Baker
Insulin monitors do not exist yet.
Glucose monitor
Mikkel H Some of us who don’t have a gallbladder cannot do a carnivore diet. And older women such as myself who have thyroid and menopause issues are looking for answers to weight gain and I’m hoping Me. Taubes has the answers.
@@gretachristian1618 Have you tried carnivore? Dr. Ken Berry says even those without gall bladders should be able to do a carnivore diet. He explains why also.
I am so grateful, and happy to get the opportunity to learn all this. I gave up eating bread because of the yeast, on the advice of my sister, and I kept eating chicken skin because I like it. I could write a book about my journey
Brilliant. Thank you muchly for sharing this very important information with us all, & take care of yourself to. ❤🙂🐶
I have great respect for Gary Taubes. I have read all his books and watched his You Tube Videos. And I agree that the best way to eat for weight management and health is a Low Carb, High Fat diet. But as someone who has had a weigh problem all my life I can assure you I didn't eat because I was always hungry. In fact I have been hungry maybe twice in my life. I never went long enough to experience hunger. I eat in anticipation of hunger. I ate because I was tired, bored, excited, the food was there, others were eating, etc. And in my clinical experience (psychotherapist) my clients, my friends, and family who struggled with weight ate for the same reasons. So the one thing I see as the thread in the LCHF world is the statement if you eat this way you will lose weight at least in part because you won't be hungry. (And for me the more convincing case is that you become a fat burner and as a consequence you won't be hungry.) But even living on KETO I still have to deal with impulses to eat for reasons having nothing to do with hunger or biochemistry. Emotional eating is a factor and it would be good if the LCHF folks at least acknowledged it isn't simply a matter of hormone imbalances that make us hungry and keep our fat cells from releasing stored energy. And again I say this as someone who agrees with these folks.
I agree with you on the social-emotional component of food consumption. Food is love in many families and cultures. That said, moderation in sweets and in other treats was taught in the home in that sweets and treats were reserved for special occasions. What flipped the switch for our seeming transition to constant “treats”? And why?
The holy grail of fat loss = Low-carb diet + Intermittent Fasting + HIIT exercise.
add t3 to it and ur golden. tren ace also
@@DarkoFitCoach what?
bustinasscoach what’s T3?
Along with this, you get amazing benefits to your body & brain!
I think you need to find the exercise that works for you (I.e. you are motivated to do it daily). I'm doing ddpy right now and I couldn't be happier with the results
Good Garry brings up Biochemistry text book. This was the first step I started understanding what was happening in 1999 while studying 2nd year University. Then I just got my head filled with lies the rest of the time. And I didn't understand all the sources of Carbs in our diets.
Money!
Really love this guy
“What is it about our bodies that make us store fat in very specific ways that are independent of how much we’re eating or exercising”
This is something that I’ve been aware of my entire life, and it’s something that the conventional wisdom bro science folks, the CICO crowd (“calories in/calories out”) are unable to answer, yet they’re sure that they have all the answers and that it’s all your fault. No further thinking or examination is required. They think that they have it all figured out.
Love the Nicholas Cage delivery style.
Zing! During puberty, boys gain muscle and lose fat "or at least they used to."
Martin Irving Some of that may be the GMO soy so prevalent in everything.
I know right. My 25 year old daughter is having a hard time finding a boyfriend because most of the guys are jerks or more feminine than she is 🙄
@@micaonyx5301 sure........ Its men's fault that she cant find a boyfriend.
Thank you for all the work you've done on this subject.
In defence of the CICO (Calories in Calories out) model, it was right up to a point, in that, in the short term at least, both fasting or just reducing the amount of food will lead to weight loss. In light of the low carb scientific evidence, this is best explained by saying that both actions reduce the amount of ingested carbohydrates and thus the amount of insulin produced. The result of the low fat movement that followed Ancel Keys was that it showed us that by keeping the calories the same, but turning up the carbs while turning down the fat, had the opposite of the desired effect, and showed us the wrong way to do it, and ultimately the right way, but it came at a great cost of diabetes related deaths, blindness, and amputations. Where the die hard defenders of CICO disappoint me is in their refusal to change their minds. There is nothing wrong with making a mistake, but there is something wrong in not admitting it.
You are right.
Coming from an european country where food was short and hard to obtain after WW2 we had some carbs but not enough food to get fat.
We craved fat, oil, butter, meat, bacon and so on.
Nobody hat diabetis. Every one was slim.
Wow! What an amazing presentation.. Great learning on pathophysiology of obesity and high blood sugar 👌👏👏
Excellent discussion, thanks.
Liked this video. Wish I had watched it sooner.
Thank you Mr. Taubes.
Even though I secretly hope cold fusion works, thank you for your work on diet science.
Might I add some information of Dr. Lustig, about what can drive Insuline: not only "carbs drive Insuline drive fat" but also for some: "chronic stress releases Neuropeptid y, which drives fat-storage (Insuline contribution...), which incites you to eat carbs to get available energy". We all reach for sugar under stress, so "Insuline drives sugar-intake" is also true.... We can be badly trapped. Sleep is also a major factor for hormonal disbalance. Physiological systems are interplaying under a high grade of complexity. ....
Personally low carb is not enough for me (high compliance) I try to get stress and sleep fixed...
Excellent explanation.
Long lost brother of Luke and Owen Wilson
Gosh what a great speaker. So well presented.
Falstaff lol. I like how literate Gary Taubes is.
This is amazing!
At age 11, I was put on amphetamines and punished if I didn't take them. At age 19, doctors put me on a 500 calorie diet, which I stayed on for 10 years. If I went up to 800 calories, I gained back. I blacked out every time I stood up for those 10 years. I seldom thought of anything but food (not when I was a fat kid, when I exercised a lot and had fun and ate like my thin family. When I starved, I was obsessed with food.) Probably damaged my heart, certainly my biota. They made plenty of money off that. The only permanent result is I needed eating disorders therapy by the end, in order to accept that I needed 2000 calories per day, my metabolism was permanently altered, and they got richer. I loathe doctors and would trust a random heroin dealer more than any doctor: at least they'd show me a modicum of respect. Don't fat shame kids, a-hole doctors. Just stop it.
Gary Taubes aka Owen Wilson Sr.
Lawrence August true
I don't see that at all.
Now I can't unsee it.
Great content as always, but they really should add some sound to that intro
What would doctors do all day if we were all healthy? Big pharma would be little pharma, but we will all live longer and happier if we make carbs and sugars the bath water.
A doctor made me fat in a year with medication. Simple isn't it. Just with pills.
You are wonderful💞💖
Wake up call for all.
It's so interesting that they were doing intense research on what causes obesity, back in the 1940's. But mysteriously, none of that research has been released, 80 years later.
If you are voting this video down, please say WHY. Educate us.
Only fatty acids deficient vegans vote this video down!They are miss-steaken!
Excellent Information 🙂👍
I am shocked that the results of type 1 diabetic therapy in the 1920s-exogenous insulin-didn’t inform research on fat accumulation much much earlier.
Respiratory disease after taking the plane to Australia in November 2019?
So if insulin resistance is essentially the root of the problem, I wonder how we cure insulin resistance? Keto and HFLC seem to be a way to avoid or work around insulin resistance.
OC Run insulin resistance develops from years of too much insulin i the system. If the system is sick, it may be possible to reverse it but that may be hard with aging. I will be LCHF for rest of my life!!
You cannot cure insulin resistance. You can go low carb or carnivore even, but if you return to high carb the resistance will be right there waiting on you. Just like alcoholics can NEVER drink safely again, even if they abstain for decades.
@@spaceghost8995 Specious argument, alcoholism is an additction,, not comparable to diabetes. You are actually saying that you can't "cure" a natural bodily function. You also can't "cure" high blood pressure when you run or lift weights or are under great stress. In fact if you do I.T., eat well, lose the excess weight , your insulin resistance does go away. You didn't cure it. You made it normal. And you can eat some carbs without your blood sugar spiking and staying spiked. Start doing all the wrong things again and your body will kick in to save your life and make you fat again instead of dead. Just as it would if you did all the right things for 60 years and then went to hell with yourself and developed diabetes at 65.
@franz stockmann "One and the same" ? So every person with heart disease is diabetic? No.
Humans did not evolve to consume CARBOHYDRATES! There are no essential carbohydrates needed in the human diet! ZERO!
Money in more than money out equals wealth ignores expected income hypothesis ie a person will spend according to expected income.
When was this recorded? If he is referring to Ancel Keys he died in 2004.
mudieg he was referring to Jeremiah Stamler. He worked with keys.
It shows it on the start splash screen, Oct 2019.
100 yrs old
Wow!
No shit!
*...... **37:15** ...... BINGO*
Except that it's the over consumption of energy from carbs/fat that causes fat accumulation, not carbs per se. Eat a hypocaloric high carb diet and voila, fat loss. Overeat energy needs from fats and voila, fat accumulation.
@@tunneling-nanotubes Someone with a high basal insulin level WILL store fat if they eat fat. That's why I believe that in the future those who have failed on a keto diet (like me) will be advised to have their basal or background fasting insulin level checked BEFORE trying a keto diet. One MUST reduce basal insulin before the body will dip into adipose stores. A holistic medical practitioner named Sten Ekberg has an excellent youtube video on this called Homa-IR. He explains why some people like me fail to lose weight regardless of what I try and how to lower basal insulin levels.
Excellent presentation. The current food guidelines are nefarious by design and intent. This is not an accident, but intentional poisoning of the population with full knowledge and awareness by those responsible occupying the top, and perpetuated by the ignorant fools who simply accept and carry out what an authority source/figure tells them is so. This unfortunately is across many if not all areas of our existence - from food to global warming to what ever aspect of life you want to examine. Nothing is what it appears to be - certainly nothing is what we are told it is. The more aggressive the propagation of the false narrative the more nefarious it is. Ultimate goal can only be the enslavement of the population by want to be gods (the ones who place pyramids and eyes strategically and other such imagery throughout their branding). It would be funny, if not so life threateningly serious.
You're nefarious, big word
Lets say more people listen to Gary Taubes. There is not enough space in the world to plant all the soy or all the grass that these animals need to eat. I can see that some people succed on this diet, but again what is the cost for the environment to clear all the forest for free range pasture or feed. Maybe If there was millions of people instead of billions it could work.
Jeremiah Stamler is that terrible “scientists “
Thank you!
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah_Stamler The AHA is a big fan of Stamler, having bestowed upon him numerous honors. I followed the AHA's low fat diet for many years, it got me metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease and a heart attack at 56. I went low carb whole/real foods (zero grain, zero veg oil) 8 months ago, combined with OMAD fasting, quickly and easily dropped 50 pounds to my target weight of 175 lbs, feel much better...
He still has many ardent worshipers.
Thanks been listening to Gary for years and even met him in person, but never knew who the bad scientist was, just thought it was Ancel Keys.
The guys promoting these diets like ancel keys and his protege spent their evenings being treated to meals from mischelin star restaurants eating steak and seafood, so no surprise they lived to be 100+, so would anyone on a diet like that.
Rules for thee but not for me-communism
Everything in this Life is Born and will die eventually.
The old medical/Pharma system is Like a very old greedy Guy.
To be honest i quit a low carb diet and keto diet, i quit it because for the last year i got really tired had mood problems sleep issues and was really hungry all the time even when i was fasting and in ketosis. I gained weight and lose only water weight for a year straight and had high cholestrol. For me its calories in and calories out i gained fat on keto and you can gain fat if you are eating to much of anything tbh i thibk finding a way that helps you get in a caloric deficet and is able for you to maintain that is more important. I just make sure i hit my protein high and fiber high and the rest i fill in with what ever the hell i want to eat😊. My blood sugar when i was on keto and wanted to eat a whole food carb would spike up to 175 for 24 hours straight now its down to 85 to 95 in the morning and no higher then 130 and comes back down with a few hours😊. Do what feels right and to me doing high carb high protein low fat i am losing fat again and also feelibg great 😊❤
You had a spike in blood sugar just for wanting to eat carbohydrate? Okay...
What 'whole food carb' did you eat during your keto diet? Did you ever try to do (close to) zero carbs as well?
@@toi_shi, He needs to rewrite that sentence. It is perplexing as stated.
verman damn totally agree,
Have tried keto just felt ill and contispated.
High fibre, at least 30 gms a day, and no refined sugar.
Finish my evening meal by 6 pm then water only until 11.00 the next day.
I wait until I am really hungry, hopefully emptying my liver.
Do what works for you. Fats are not the devil. Refined carbs and processed foods
I also listen to Dr Lustig. Both make sense.
@@rayj.9568 No your just a ass hole tbh with ya people like you make me cringe tbh.
"I'm not a medical professional, in any way shape nor form, and I'm sick and always get sick when I travel here... now, let me tell you how to stay healthy." Lol... I'll stick with practicing physicians, like the Gundry's of the world.
Gundry tells us plants are poisonous then tells us to eat them anyway. I will stick with Taubes.
If everybody ate the way I did everybody would be as small ugly and stupid as I 🤔😂... seriously: does anyone believe Steven Hawkins diet makes people smart .... if you feed your girlfriend like Pamela Anderson she will develope her features?
I just don't get why what to eat is such a huge deal ... why
X. Y. I don't understand your questions.
Different foods promote different hormonal responses. Hormones are powerful regulators of weight and body composition. Your hormones determine your appetite, your energy levels and metabolic rate by 'telling' your brain that you are either in fat storage mode or fat expending mode. If in fat storage mode, you won't feel inclined to exercise, your body won't expend energy keeping you warm so you're going to reach for blankets instead. Your actual rate of calorie consumption will slow down, whereas in fat burning mode, you'll be energised by doing exercise, will be inclined to be more active, will use stored energy to keep warm, won't be as hungry and so on. Google good calories bad calories.
X. Y. ....eating a mixed diet of fat, protein along with carbs engages the Randall cycle. Remove the carbs, fat energy mobilizes. There is no essential carbohydrates in the human diet. The body can make its own glucose if need be.
@X. Y.
It is profits and addiction ! Wheat and sugars are added to foods to make them addictive !
Just think how many sweet liquids people consume ! All empty calories and addictive too!
If you get sick because of a certain lifestyle and choices of foods, you will understand why...
Thanks Gary.
Keep fighting "big food" in spite of numerous evidence showing that the primary culprit of obesity is caloric excess, and lack of activity.
Good to see you're still selling books and speaking about low carb diets, when it's plainly obvious CICO wins every time.
LOL! You're such a clown.
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣.
Review 24:10
Um, hello? Global warming? Please write a book on that as in depth as you wrote good calories, bad calories. I’ve read it twice! Global cooling, the population bomb (soylent green), peak oil: these would be great places to start on the “history” of social fear-mongering.
dude, stick to metric units like the rest of the planet...
When you’re country pays for the research, use whatever measurement units you want.🤣
Sorry I can't buy a lot of this. Is fat not simply energy storage for the body? I don't think that is a tautology, it is a simple fact. How can anyone with a physics background completely discount the role of energy storage as a link in the chain of obesity? The question to ask should be why is there an energy imbalance in certain people (ie. hormones, genetics, or whatever), and not discounting the entire concept of energy. How could someone who prides himself on his "good science" smarts abandon simple logic?
Because you have to look at the whole metabolic system and not just “energy storage”: HOW macronutrients get metabolized.
The reason you can’t buy a lot of this is because you have accepted an incorrect narrative of energy use.
Yes fat is stored energy. But why it's stored or burned is controlled by hormones. That is the point of the carbohydrate insulin model.
You do know insulin is a hormone right? I doubt you even watched the whole video because if you did you would have a basic understanding of biochemistry of food we eat acting on our body.
It must be boring for him to be giving the same talk year after year after year...
Not when it pays the bills and puts food on your table!
It must be boring for the world not to listen to this talk year after year and waste time eating donuts in severe joint pain
The trouble is vegans are listening to TV programs about veganism and the likes of the educated are listening to Gary, thank heaven. Maybe we'll win after all.
This is all about the history of why they were wrong about obesity, the idiot's etc! I want latest research not a sarcastic report on the failures of the past - sorry speaker!
For type 2 diabetes specifically (a subsection of this), Roy Taylor's Life Without Diabetes
sorry, this is a very slow to the point presentation. In fact, since watching this a week ago, I have not wanted to watch any more low carb down under content. Unsubscribe.
The length of the video is stated before you click on it... I'd suggest sticking with 5-10 minute clips if this is too much for you.
Put it at 1.25 x speed
You will become a fat bastard!
Bye Felicia.
You must be a vegan.