When you get older, you often look backwards and your assessments of what was good and bad reverses. The difficulties you cursed as bad luck, and the hard times you sought to avoid are now seen in a more positive light as the experiences that benefited you the most. Conversely, the illicit pleasures and the indulgences, the prizes and the conquests that were so important to you then are now looked upon as either a waste of time or things that actually caused grief in your life. It's amazing how the present can alter the past.
Many scientists thought science was reading or revealing the mind of God or God's methods. But, science is a best guess. It always an approximation of actual reality or a tool for predicting the future.
@@normalchild1998 I think the future can be predicted cause people are predictable not that I'm an expert but I think it's happened before maybe not exact to the detail but in general.
@epic6434 I think this is demonstrated in scripture because what happens there always happens. But at the same time people are horrible at predicting future events in general because we're always using outdated models. For example, the dikes that broke in Japan after their last major earthquake were built to withstand the highest possible waves according to record, never conceiving of a more powerful scenario.
I almost refuse to use math and rulers to measure anything. I eyeball it and use strings. It feels right to me, and my brother, who is VERY technical in his thinking, hates it. But now I can say I am just getting medieval. Sweet.
I recently was in a church tower, it had Bells dating from the middle ages. The biggest Bell weighed 8000 kilograms snd was named SALVATORE it was cast in one go and was pitch perfect. Nobody knows how to do this now. Furthermore all the Bells together weighed 30k kg nobody knows how they got them in the Bell Tower.
For woodworking and carpentry the English system works great! It makes sense to keep cutting units in half. In my workshop I wouldn't use metric because of its inconvenience.
I love the idea of the moon being the boundary point of changeable things. So you have the stars that do not change (except for the occasional falling one that seems to abandon that status), the moon that changes, and then the earth.
1:08:27 - I majored in physics and even I think the way they determine the meter is really crazy. It is based on the measurement of light and how far it goes in a specific amount of time and that’s what a meter is supposed to be. It’s unintuitive. I will say the cool thing about astrophysics is that we measure things in astronomical units (the distance to us and the Sun) and all stars are compared to our Sun so everything is measured in Solar masses. We do this in astrophysics because otherwise it’d just be large numbers that don’t make sense to us.
This was very edifying. This is, so far, my favorite of the Universal History series. It should have probably been the first because it addresses so well where it's all coming from. Thank you.
THANK YOU! The CS Lewis quote on sex being secondary to gender (from That Hideous Strength, in a conversation when Jane meets The Director maybe? Can't find it just now) - it unflips the error conservatives makes and unwittingly proves their point better than their own arguments. That Hideous Stength is more timely a novel than a living author is likely to compose.
I wounder how much of Medieval thing, is really the natural way people think. It seems to me that all per-modern cultures though like this. I remember thinking like this as a child, but with less complexity
Would love to hear more about good and evil versus cause-and-effect. This is really foundational perspective building. We need good and evil language to actually deal with the moral ambiguity of things like sexual deviancy/ addiction/ and other phenomena that have existed since time immemorial. Modernity psychologized all these things, and took away good/evil perspective, enabling us to use ideas like like Vice and temptation to help guide us
Maybe, the following example will help. Let's say a man is addicted to drugs. Dragging his heels through to get that hit. Drowning in debt because of it. And surround by the yes men of narcotics. Then, one day he find a girl, and moves on from the group. And they do it outside of marriage. For me the former is more disastrous than the latter. But, the latter is still far from perfect. But, it's a step. As you said, modern psychology maybe enables the lusting of these things. I have seen this personally, so I can't comment too much. But, the way out of it, is a new Jerusalem type of imagery, a place which call you out, and is perpetually in the future. This could be a vision of the future. But, that has to be rooted in the past, hence the garden imagery of eden is expanded and we get city of proper peace. All of this is to keep from lusting after little things and desires of man. So, in that way, psychology can identify it. But, is limited in the vision it can offer. Be thou perfect works in a church, group or a gathering, because it's communal. And I think, the relationship with a lady, even imperfect is better than addicted the seminal playground of narcotics. But, either are better than pornography, cannibalization of the self. Does that make a bit of sense, Lascts25?
Absolutely loved this. You two are a treasure-trove of interesting ideas. I studied philosophy in college and read my way into Christianity. Stuff like this provided a lot of depth to that journey.
Medieval studies is an awesome field. They give you a much deeper understanding of our own times. We should be careful not to twist these foundational insights into a glorification of a period when numerology and astrology were generally acceptable...not to mention torture.
@JonathanPageau have you ever made a video about the Christianity of the early to mid Holy Roman Empire, and how it differs from today's form? If not, could you do so please as it would be interesting to see your take on it.
Thanks, gentlemen. One note: the “premoderns didn’t have our idea of authorship & plagiarism” point is a bit overstated. Here’s a quote from St. John Damascene: “…the work in question is fictitious and unauthentic. It bears the name of some one who did not write it, which used to be commonly done.”
This was one of my favorite talks on this channel. In a future episode please don’t forget to address the question of what to tell our kids when they ask if dragons are real!
@@RollCorruption Good point-That episode is great, and may cover it. But I have an inkling they have more to say that they didn’t get to in the episode.
Im pretty certain that a lot of what Richard is saying is based on a book called "Sanctified Vision". A must read for anyone looking for more reading on the subject
This is one of those videos that impelles me to say, this is what Vatican II intended when it said to read the signs of the times and update how we communicate the Truth. This video does the work of Vatican II better than anything else I've seen from Catholics...
@@shashikamanoj1160 I think people purposefully make it sound mystical to give themselves permission to either do what they want or to do nothing at all, and therefore confuses everyone else who just want to know what the Church is asking them to do. From Gaudium et Spez: "4. To carry out such a task, the Church has always had the duty of scrutinizing the signs of the times and of interpreting them in the light of the Gospel. Thus, in language intelligible to each generation, she can respond to the perennial questions which men ask about this present life and the life to come, and about the relationship of the one to the other. We must therefore recognize and understand the world in which we live, its explanations, its longings, and its often dramatic characteristics. Some of the main features of the modern world can be sketched as follows." If you start with the understanding that we are a pilgrim Church in this world, reading the signs of the times means to know this world such that Catholics can better evangelize it. Stated more simply, understand the world and the current culture so you can figure out its hang-ups. With this knowledge, hopefully you can help people remove the barriers in their life that keep them from the Church and more importantly from loving Jesus and the Holy Trinity.
55:50 Finally, this one clicked for me. We have been taught that the ancient world was Geocentric, but this is lookig back at the ancient world from the heliocentric perspective and beyond. The earth wasn't the center before that. Human beings were the center. The earth was below us. All of a sudden in my mind, death becomes a force like we think of gravity. It is constantly pulling is down toward the earth until we become part of it again.
More like Sin, with Satan residing in the center of the Earth at the lowest of the low and pulling us towards it while God lifts us up towards the heavens, we are stuck in the middle at the center with the ability to choose. The body goes down, the soul goes up.
When we ask "what is this meant to teach?" and ignore "but did it actually happen?", we progress much faster in learning from the gospels. I've heard in rabbinic circles all meanings that don't contridict the basic meaning of a scripture are considered acceptable.
Yet it seems the church insists that "it actually happened" and bases the truth of "what is this meant to teach?" on the unwavering assumption that "it actually happened."
@@Aaron-xb4rq There are a few real "Christians" within the political power structure most people mean by the church as opposed to people who are the present body of Christ. The institution that is the church in its many fractured variants has done some good things, usually unintentionally but mostly it's certainly absolutely full of shit.
Wow. The bit at 17:47 about providential "errors" is incredibly illuminating. That two minute aside just cleared up so much uncertainty and misgiving about how the corpus of Christian thought builds over time. Yet another modern bias I didn't know I had.
Understanding Genisis and Revelation, Alpha and Omega, beginning and end, through the writings of the Saints, is the most important to understanding what’s going on around us. Then once you’ve read those, then dive deep into the ancients and classics while still reading the lives of Saints and their writings
A critical interpretive approach has an oratio oblique and an oratio recta. We attend to the past charitably and then speak to its application in our time for us.
Yes but there's no reason why "cause and effect" should happen linearly in time if meaning is the higher order reality here, that's the point of that bit
Of course. The death and resurrection of Jesus is the cause of the imagery Moses is ordered to make with the snake on the the branch. The problem comes when you try to make it fit in our conception of time, and thinking wrongly that causes come before the effect.
Just one more thought: in addition to separating time from space in modernity, there's also a shift of how one looks at both time and space in themselves. In short - it moves towards a left brained apprehension which quantifies and fragments things, so especially time becomes units and a schedule, rather than something organically living and unfolding in motion. We thus lose the right hemispheric apprehension of time, space and being - which spills over into everything else and flattens and sterilizes reality, making it empty and void of meaning and purpose.
Beautiful! Thank you for all these confirmations of what I've been interpreting and concluding and a some precious details on top of it all ! Great job, both. Thank you. P. S. The metric system as well as the commonly taught math ARE "de--mon(o)ic", as they treat 1 as a basic building block, while in fact 1 = everything. When 2 enters the scene, that is 2 PARTS. No more "mono". "De- mono" begins boxing the reasoning. Quantity pushes the focus away from quality, obscuring that part of truth (in my native language, the word for truth could be translated to english as "sameness", or "identicality"...). Just pointing out the clue found in those words... Cheers!
@10:00 In Fr Seraphim Roses' "Survival Course" he quoted Yves Congar who noted a key transition in the 11th century West was a move from the reign of tradition and synthesis to academia and analysis/questioning. The irony, of course, is that Congar's observations are born exactly from this mindset of questioning and analysis...
I've always interpreted statements like, "science is seeing the mind of God" in the sense that appreciating the creation allows us to learn a little more of the mind of the Creator. Know more of the artist by appreciating the art. No?
We need both science and religion. I feel it's like a fight between mother and father when child is being hurt the most. How do You call a person who use both science and religion?
Your example of gravity was extremely insightful. It seems that the mediaeval mindset asked the same question as Isaas Newton, but from a different perspective. When asking why an apple falls to the ground, Sir Isaac Newton emphasises the mechanism that causes it to falls to ground, the physical law of gravity. Whereas the mediaeval mind looks at the wire from a more philosophical perspective, in some sense it’s even deeper, questioning the why for the mechanism. It falls to the ground because it belongs to the ground. Children instinctively keep asking why, and I think as adults we have forgotten to keep asking that question.
Jonathan, did you ever publish part 3 of your article series on the “Dog Headed Icon of St Christopher” anywhere or at all? The one from 2013. I’d love to read part 3 but I can’t find it. Cheers.
This was a great discussion. It was always irritating to me when people during my protestant days would argue that only the autographic text was fully inspired. In reality, we will always need a received form of the text, which is not absolutely the same as the originals. This is okay - like Richard said, we believe the Holy Spirit was involved in the inspiration and preservation of the Scriptures.
I have a question: If the lifting of the veil is the symbol for the apocalypse, is marriage somehow also an apocalyptic symbol? When the bridegroom lifts the veil of the bride to reveal her face, is he patterning Christ's return? Is this sort of an apocalypse of the singular purity of the bride, and then in that sense, the union as the salvation and rejoining of the heaven and earth? maybe i am off base here but just throwing it out there.
Just wondering: Is there a Symbolic world forum? Not for articles by a few hand-picked contributers, but also for regular people to ask questions and write with each other? I need some help in figuring some things out.
Thank you very much for this video. I’d love to apply this mode of thinking to my every day life and reading. So if I want to read and therefor think and see the world like ancient man did (medieval) what book resources could you suggest to get me started?
I lived in an arab gulf state. This was my introduction to Islam. The Muslim holy book is obsessed with being undesputable. Every chapter (sura) repeats the same phrase in its title except one - because that sura contains the phrase within the text. And this was a well known marvel illustrating the consistency and purity of the words. There are scholarly symposiums that meet to uncover the mathematical intricacy and consistency of the text. This is considered proof the text is as told and hasn't been modified. This was all regarded as evidence that the Qur'an was superior to earlier biblical texts and was infallible. As a westerner I did not find this reassuring. I found it child like and authoritarian. The depth and subtlety of the biblical text, the inconsistency between gospells added to the appeal of the text as something containing between the lines the revelation of a reality beyond the material realm.
Ahhh it really is clicking now w Jonathan’s emphasis on counting in relation to 666 and then the stuff in Daniel about the Antichrist changing the times. Is it part of the same pattern?
The Jeffrey Chaucer quote at around 1.03.00 is actually a word-by-word copy from Dante's Paradiso Canto 1, about the inclination of bodies to move to their natural home (across the "ocean of Being" as Dante puts it).
@@thesecondlawandthetowerhou6026 It depends what you mean with place, whether in a spiritual or material sense for example. In the case of Canto I the description above is part of a larger spiritual cosmology where things move to where they spiritually "belong", but which could also be in a material/manifested sense. The sense of place in general in Paradiso is also very ambigious, sometimes things are spatially projected to adapt to the human faculties, sometimes the pilgrim is in full disorientation (when nearing the heights of mysticism), sometimes the whole of cosmos inverts and the outmost of cosmos becomes the center of Being. So it depends! Just let me know if this helps a little.
@@2x_espresso Thank you so much for your response. It helps greatly, especially the description of Paradiso as indeed not having levels, as Dante so clearly explains. Dr McGilchrist makes the point that “the strategy of the left hemisphere tends to be more categorical:’above’, ‘below’ and so on.” I don’t see Dante’s world view as described in the video, for what it’s worth. It seems more like what physics is revealing to us somehow. And the transformation of the edge folding into the center fascinates me. Dante refers to that perhaps in Paradiso Canto XIV talking about the movement of water in a vase when tapped. What is the qualitative nature of space as place? Somehow duration rather than sequenced time is easier to understand. Dr IMcG says that “The right hemisphere has a tendency to deal with spatial relations in terms of the degree of distance…”. Is he referring to perception and the ever-clearing vision as we draw closer or perhaps as we simultaneously are drawn closer and draw closer, like magnetism? Is that connection/relationship what we call place? It sure feels like be-longing to me. Dante repeats “my place” 3 times and it is Pope Bonifazio uttering the words. It always fascinates me when Dante does something that is strikingly noticeable and I have wondered about this for quite a while. Is place home? Any thoughts most welcome. I am very allergic to “moving up” “above” because I feel somehow convinced the man of the Medieval was very much not a gnostic or we wouldn’t have had the Renaissance.
Hi @thesecondlawandthetowerhou6026 , these are very interesting thoughts! Indeed the Divine/Spiritual realm of Paradiso is "organized" in a right hemispheric manner, not linear, but holistic and multilayered and endlessly enriching in its perspectives. There is so much to say about this - the folding of the edge to the center could in some ways be a shift of hemispheres too, from seeing details and fragments as the "center", to shifting to the view that the overall is the center, from which the details emerge and can be identified. There are centuries of discussions right there! But according to both Dante and McGilchrist - there is no doubt: the Divine and the Right Hemsiphere is the primary and the larger picture, and also the foundation in a bigger sense. I love the "place quotes" you have from IMcG too, one aspect of the right brain and the grounding in the immaterial realm, is that all spatial and temporal frames become relativized, including place. It becomes more of a "focus point" perhaps. I'm not sure what McG refers to with "degree of distance", but it could be something like the left brain thinking in terms of coordinates on a map, while the right brain perceives more as "how far from here", or how far from an imagined vantage point. And indeed perhaps in a more "experienced"/lived manner, like how far is it to get there and so on. On the side I think children think more in the "here" manner of place. Wherever they are is usually the center of the world etc. Last point; couldn't agree more regarding the Man of the Medieval, especially the 13th and 14th century strikes me as a "golden age" of sophisticated and "both-brained" philosophy and intellectual life, and an aspiration of something we should re-find and rebirth, in the coming decades!
Your example of right brain thinking reminds me of how we give directions. Turn left at the Dollar General and drive for about 15 minutes til you see the church, then take a right. 😂
This similarity between ancient views and postmodern views is what I have been trying to get at. Obviously PM is lacking a true foundation but PM folks are closer to ancient Christians than modernists.
To expound a bit more. The postmodern is like someone with their eyes open but floating in space. The modern is a person with blinders on digging themselves into a deeper hole.
I kinda get your metaphor, but aren't PMsters equally skeptical of modern and pre-modern view points? I suppose because they don't have modernist baggage they're "closer" to ancient views, but I wouldn't call them similar
In a conversation between Pageau and Rachel Fulton Brown, I believe it was Rachel that stated that many of the post-modernists were trained medievalists. They took the idea of multiple meanings, but discarded the idea that those meanings are bound together meaningfully.
That comment about the providencial change over the text due to a "mistake" is tough for some to embrace i think bc they are wraped up in apologetics and dont like to go near anything that might undermine them in a conversation w someone like Bart Erhman. Theres an example of this in Catholic tradition where one of the titles of Mary is Stella Maris or Star of the Sea. And this came about due to a scribal error in writing Mariam or "drop of the sea". It's been kept in the tradition with Mary as the guiding light that brings us to Christ and it's a cool story about how God will raise up the humble, transforming a drop in the ocean to the Star of the Sea.
Raised in the UK we were read a passage from the Bible in morning assembly. We understood it was our cultural history and taught us the mythology and values our society shared. Furthermore we had a queen, she was the mother of our nation and she was protector of our faith in the mythology and moral framework in the bible. The had to demonstrate integrity and respect in order to qualify as protector of the faith. I think our country was an extended family with these elements at its core, at keast aming the decent people in society. Separation of church and faith occurred in the government of the people, yet the state and the church are united in rhe monarch.
You want something akin to the Metric System but related to time? I'll tell you what that is... it's called the "Tonalpohualli" (count of days or count of destinies) the ritual-divination calendar of the Aztec people. It's a calendar which is based in "human" patterns of numbers. It is made of 20 13-day periods, making a total of 260 days, every day of this "ritual" year has an individual name originated from the combination of "signs" and "numbers", so every day had a particular meaning in this cycle. The 260 days are believed to be originated from the 20 digits used for counting (fingers and toes) and the 13 joints of the body; others say it is the count of days from the first lost menstruation of the mother until the birth of her newborn. There you go, not seven days weeks. Also, their solar calendar or "Xiuhpohualli" was divided in 18 20-day months adding 5 days at the end of the cycle to account for the leap year phenomenon. It's known to be used to predict lunar and solar eclipses with a high degree of accuracy.
ok, but most of the medieval texts are scholastic in which causality plays a major role in even stablishing God`s existence, also the founder of medieval culture Boethius has a lot to say about how causality is the way by which goodness spreads
Can someone kindly explain the qualitative nature of space as place? I understand the ‘eternal moment’ notion of time as duration , yet I can’t wrap my head around the notion of place.
Though I'm not a proponent of centering one's faith around science-based apologetics, I do think it's ironic that you go from emphasizing the importance of viewing life through a Biblical lense to knocking young earth creationism.
Yes, they are two version of the same name. Note that Christ said (referring to Himself): "the stone that was rejected became the cornerstone". This applies also to St. Peter who was martyred and on whom was founded the Catholic Church. And you could also read it as: the Old Covenant High Priesthood was rejected and instead there is a new Head of the Church for the New Covenant. It's all the same on different levels of analysis. It works in a pattern. @@Joefrenomics
Only One has descended into Hell." "And will He ever do so again?" "It was not once long ago that He did it. Time does not work that way when once ye have left the Earth. All moments that have been or shall be were, or are, present in the moment of His descending. There is no spirit in prison to Whom He did not preach." C.S. Lewis/ The Great Divorce
Hmm 6:00 but Richard why read like a medieval instead of an iron age Jew? Why use such a Greek lens which itself is a late non-friendly touristy reading of Scripture (from my Jewish perspective) which insists it can understand the text better in translation than in its original language and outside it's ancient reading tradition?
“The meter was first defined in France in 1783 as One ten-millionth of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator” The meter was defined to literally measure the entire earth, and also makes the assumption that the earth is a perfect sphere with no irregularities or blemishes. Symbolism happens!
@@BenjaminFeehan I still don't understand why that matters. Whether it's derived from the size of the earth or some guys body, in terms of measuring systems it's most practical because it can easily be scaled by factor of ten.
@@na_haynesI think what he is alluding to is the fact that the metric system purports to be rational, all encompassing, and perfect. It is prideful in that it implicitly claims that science can account for everything and order chaos. But I agree that this isn’t because the metric system takes the earth’s circumference as a base, but mainly because it’s a base 10 system. The ancient cubits were also related to the earth’s circumference I believe, whilst also relating to the human body. As such, you have a unit that is in keep with the fractal nature of the cosmos and that leaves a bit of space for mystery.
@@marca.2235 OK but I still feel like having a bit of mystery or 'play' involved with your basis of measurement actually contradicts the thrust of generating standards of measurement.
@44:00 -ish @JonathanPageau in this part of the convo if you take all instances of "the text" and replace them with "the data" I'll say this is almost exactly what it feels like to be doing science (...for some of us).
What's wrong with the fluid post modern reading? Isn't that what we do? The text shows a pattern and that pattern is manifested in many things at different level.
Sometimes a feel a little sensitive listening to these talks, that perhaps there is this academic dismissal of Creationism, even though all the modern Saints support this perspective. Will someone assuage my concern?
I haven't finished the video, but where is creationism dismissed? The discussion I heard was how one doesn't have to strictly hold to young or old Earth creationism.
I mean, I'm a Creationist. It's the deeply materialistic version of Creationism that I was raised with that I'm responding to when I say things like this.
@@RichardRohlin I would like to see this view fleshed out some more. Have you heard Reader Paul Trinicas (bottom of the rabbit hole) recent video reading the modern Saints opinions on the topic of evolution?
After being caught up in materialism I now think creationism actually makes more sense than evolution, however the interpretation of time and the assumption of what years things happened still feels unprovable and unnecessary.
@@RichardRohlinAs a carpenter and apologist for the imperial system, I love your take on the metric system. Having a base 12 and base 16 system interpolated with a 10 base system is pure genius and wonderful, not to mention the highly intuitive increments of inches, feet, yards, gallons, etc.
46:40 That is not what is ment by the distinction between essential and accidental properties. It's also not a modern concept but comes from Aristotle. Thomas Aquinas theology is deeply aristotelian.
Richard Rohlin is an absolute treasure.
Hahahaha! Facts!
When you get older, you often look backwards and your assessments of what was good and bad reverses. The difficulties you cursed as bad luck, and the hard times you sought to avoid are now seen in a more positive light as the experiences that benefited you the most. Conversely, the illicit pleasures and the indulgences, the prizes and the conquests that were so important to you then are now looked upon as either a waste of time or things that actually caused grief in your life. It's amazing how the present can alter the past.
You got me by the title not gonna lie! We need a Pageau-Rohlin book on universal history!
Many scientists thought science was reading or revealing the mind of God or God's methods. But, science is a best guess. It always an approximation of actual reality or a tool for predicting the future.
@@normalchild1998 I think the future can be predicted cause people are predictable not that I'm an expert but I think it's happened before maybe not exact to the detail but in general.
@epic6434 I think this is demonstrated in scripture because what happens there always happens. But at the same time people are horrible at predicting future events in general because we're always using outdated models. For example, the dikes that broke in Japan after their last major earthquake were built to withstand the highest possible waves according to record, never conceiving of a more powerful scenario.
Cradle Catholics and Catholic converts often quote C.S. Lewis too! Thank you for this wonderful episode. God bless all who made it possible.
In my humble opinion, this is by far the best episode.
I almost refuse to use math and rulers to measure anything. I eyeball it and use strings. It feels right to me, and my brother, who is VERY technical in his thinking, hates it. But now I can say I am just getting medieval. Sweet.
😂 eyeball it is possible after you've done it long enough
I recently was in a church tower, it had Bells dating from the middle ages. The biggest Bell weighed 8000 kilograms snd was named SALVATORE it was cast in one go and was pitch perfect. Nobody knows how to do this now. Furthermore all the Bells together weighed 30k kg nobody knows how they got them in the Bell Tower.
Sorry, but you're being lazy. Don't misuse these ideas for degeneracy.
Same way, elbow to fingertip atw
only 20 mins in. God is good. This aligns beautifully with what's been on my heart.
For woodworking and carpentry the English system works great! It makes sense to keep cutting units in half. In my workshop I wouldn't use metric because of its inconvenience.
I love the idea of the moon being the boundary point of changeable things. So you have the stars that do not change (except for the occasional falling one that seems to abandon that status), the moon that changes, and then the earth.
CS Lewis' Out of the Silent Planet uses this idea
1:08:27 - I majored in physics and even I think the way they determine the meter is really crazy. It is based on the measurement of light and how far it goes in a specific amount of time and that’s what a meter is supposed to be. It’s unintuitive.
I will say the cool thing about astrophysics is that we measure things in astronomical units (the distance to us and the Sun) and all stars are compared to our Sun so everything is measured in Solar masses. We do this in astrophysics because otherwise it’d just be large numbers that don’t make sense to us.
This was very edifying. This is, so far, my favorite of the Universal History series. It should have probably been the first because it addresses so well where it's all coming from. Thank you.
This is pure gold. Thank you
"The metric system is demonic."
Richard being America as always
Not to mention his confusion regarding sex and gender.
But it is! :D
You mean the confusion foisted upon us by modern perverts?@@atlasfeynman1039
@@atlasfeynman1039gender is made up nowadays ergo not valid
Or British.
THANK YOU! The CS Lewis quote on sex being secondary to gender (from That Hideous Strength, in a conversation when Jane meets The Director maybe? Can't find it just now) - it unflips the error conservatives makes and unwittingly proves their point better than their own arguments. That Hideous Stength is more timely a novel than a living author is likely to compose.
Living author? Are you saying CS Lewis is alive?
@atlasfeynman1039 no, he is saying no author alive is likely to match Lewis
@@canadianamateurfilmdude Oh ye. I thought he was saying the novel is somehow beyond mortals and was 'received' by Lewis, the 'living author.'
I wounder how much of Medieval thing, is really the natural way people think. It seems to me that all per-modern cultures though like this. I remember thinking like this as a child, but with less complexity
Yes, it is the pre-modern Original Participation that Barfield describes.
Great comment.
How wounded are you by this Medieval thing. Have you thought a though like per-modernism childlike complexity? Methinks medievally mesays mmkay.
Dr Iain McGilchrist makes the point that young children live in the world of the right hemisphere.
Excellent conversation.
Thank you for this.
Would love to hear more about good and evil versus cause-and-effect. This is really foundational perspective building. We need good and evil language to actually deal with the moral ambiguity of things like sexual deviancy/ addiction/ and other phenomena that have existed since time immemorial.
Modernity psychologized all these things, and took away good/evil perspective, enabling us to use ideas like like Vice and temptation to help guide us
Maybe, the following example will help. Let's say a man is addicted to drugs. Dragging his heels through to get that hit. Drowning in debt because of it. And surround by the yes men of narcotics. Then, one day he find a girl, and moves on from the group. And they do it outside of marriage. For me the former is more disastrous than the latter. But, the latter is still far from perfect. But, it's a step.
As you said, modern psychology maybe enables the lusting of these things. I have seen this personally, so I can't comment too much. But, the way out of it, is a new Jerusalem type of imagery, a place which call you out, and is perpetually in the future. This could be a vision of the future. But, that has to be rooted in the past, hence the garden imagery of eden is expanded and we get city of proper peace. All of this is to keep from lusting after little things and desires of man. So, in that way, psychology can identify it. But, is limited in the vision it can offer. Be thou perfect works in a church, group or a gathering, because it's communal. And I think, the relationship with a lady, even imperfect is better than addicted the seminal playground of narcotics. But, either are better than pornography, cannibalization of the self.
Does that make a bit of sense, Lascts25?
@@Pinedal Elaborate.
In The Brothers Karamazov the Devil did say that he and the demons adopted the metric system.
Absolutely loved this. You two are a treasure-trove of interesting ideas. I studied philosophy in college and read my way into Christianity. Stuff like this provided a lot of depth to that journey.
Medieval studies is an awesome field. They give you a much deeper understanding of our own times. We should be careful not to twist these foundational insights into a glorification of a period when numerology and astrology were generally acceptable...not to mention torture.
Authorship, now I understand !
And how to read like a good tourist and think like a local.
Thanks for the new "lenses" !
Was not expecting, "the enemies gate is down"... that was great. Love Ender's Game!
@JonathanPageau have you ever made a video about the Christianity of the early to mid Holy Roman Empire, and how it differs from today's form? If not, could you do so please as it would be interesting to see your take on it.
Richard you’re a blessing thank you and Jonathan you’re a good listener. The example you give us is a life lesson. Thank you!
Thanks, gentlemen.
One note: the “premoderns didn’t have our idea of authorship & plagiarism” point is a bit overstated. Here’s a quote from St. John Damascene:
“…the work in question is fictitious and unauthentic. It bears the name of some one who did not write it, which used to be commonly done.”
This was one of my favorite talks on this channel. In a future episode please don’t forget to address the question of what to tell our kids when they ask if dragons are real!
Pageau has a video on the tooth fairy which is perfect for this.
@@RollCorruption Good point-That episode is great, and may cover it. But I have an inkling they have more to say that they didn’t get to in the episode.
Tell them dragons are real because they are.
@@ElonMuskrat-my8jy Well obviously!🙂
Im pretty certain that a lot of what Richard is saying is based on a book called "Sanctified Vision". A must read for anyone looking for more reading on the subject
Awww, I love the lil birdie flying at the end❤
This is one of those videos that impelles me to say, this is what Vatican II intended when it said to read the signs of the times and update how we communicate the Truth.
This video does the work of Vatican II better than anything else I've seen from Catholics...
As a Catholic, still I don't understand what many mean by 'Signs of the time'. For me it remains more ambiguous than ever
@@shashikamanoj1160 I think people purposefully make it sound mystical to give themselves permission to either do what they want or to do nothing at all, and therefore confuses everyone else who just want to know what the Church is asking them to do.
From Gaudium et Spez:
"4. To carry out such a task, the Church has always had the duty of scrutinizing the signs of the times and of interpreting them in the light of the Gospel. Thus, in language intelligible to each generation, she can respond to the perennial questions which men ask about this present life and the life to come, and about the relationship of the one to the other. We must therefore recognize and understand the world in which we live, its explanations, its longings, and its often dramatic characteristics. Some of the main features of the modern world can be sketched as follows."
If you start with the understanding that we are a pilgrim Church in this world, reading the signs of the times means to know this world such that Catholics can better evangelize it. Stated more simply, understand the world and the current culture so you can figure out its hang-ups. With this knowledge, hopefully you can help people remove the barriers in their life that keep them from the Church and more importantly from loving Jesus and the Holy Trinity.
That would be my "back of the envelope" reply.
Vatican II and it's consequences have been a disaster to the human race.
55:50 Finally, this one clicked for me. We have been taught that the ancient world was Geocentric, but this is lookig back at the ancient world from the heliocentric perspective and beyond.
The earth wasn't the center before that. Human beings were the center. The earth was below us.
All of a sudden in my mind, death becomes a force like we think of gravity. It is constantly pulling is down toward the earth until we become part of it again.
More like Sin, with Satan residing in the center of the Earth at the lowest of the low and pulling us towards it while God lifts us up towards the heavens, we are stuck in the middle at the center with the ability to choose. The body goes down, the soul goes up.
Richard mentions every chaotic event and puts Billy Joel in my head. Thanks. Now I'm experiencing all these events at once. 😂
When we ask "what is this meant to teach?" and ignore "but did it actually happen?", we progress much faster in learning from the gospels. I've heard in rabbinic circles all meanings that don't contridict the basic meaning of a scripture are considered acceptable.
Yet it seems the church insists that "it actually happened" and bases the truth of "what is this meant to teach?" on the unwavering assumption that "it actually happened."
@@Aaron-xb4rq There are a few real "Christians" within the political power structure most people mean by the church as opposed to people who are the present body of Christ. The institution that is the church in its many fractured variants has done some good things, usually unintentionally but mostly it's certainly absolutely full of shit.
Wow. The bit at 17:47 about providential "errors" is incredibly illuminating. That two minute aside just cleared up so much uncertainty and misgiving about how the corpus of Christian thought builds over time. Yet another modern bias I didn't know I had.
It makes room for an expansion of the living text in the here and now. Like a living voice that is still speaking always.
Genesis, Creation, and Early Man by Father Seraphim Rose is a must read!
Also, the five volume series on Revelation by Archimandrite Athanasios Mitilinaios
Understanding Genisis and Revelation, Alpha and Omega, beginning and end, through the writings of the Saints, is the most important to understanding what’s going on around us. Then once you’ve read those, then dive deep into the ancients and classics while still reading the lives of Saints and their writings
Wow thanks so much guys, God bless
A critical interpretive approach has an oratio oblique and an oratio recta. We attend to the past charitably and then speak to its application in our time for us.
Wonderful podcast. Thank you!
Surely cause and effect can run simultaneously with the battle of good and evil?
Yes but there's no reason why "cause and effect" should happen linearly in time if meaning is the higher order reality here, that's the point of that bit
@@lisaonthemargins Thank you
Of course. The death and resurrection of Jesus is the cause of the imagery Moses is ordered to make with the snake on the the branch. The problem comes when you try to make it fit in our conception of time, and thinking wrongly that causes come before the effect.
Just one more thought: in addition to separating time from space in modernity, there's also a shift of how one looks at both time and space in themselves. In short - it moves towards a left brained apprehension which quantifies and fragments things, so especially time becomes units and a schedule, rather than something organically living and unfolding in motion. We thus lose the right hemispheric apprehension of time, space and being - which spills over into everything else and flattens and sterilizes reality, making it empty and void of meaning and purpose.
Beautiful!
Thank you for all these confirmations of what I've been interpreting and concluding and a some precious details on top of it all !
Great job, both. Thank you.
P. S. The metric system as well as the commonly taught math ARE "de--mon(o)ic", as they treat 1 as a basic building block, while in fact 1 = everything. When 2 enters the scene, that is 2 PARTS. No more "mono". "De- mono" begins boxing the reasoning. Quantity pushes the focus away from quality, obscuring that part of truth (in my native language, the word for truth could be translated to english as "sameness", or "identicality"...). Just pointing out the clue found in those words...
Cheers!
@10:00 In Fr Seraphim Roses' "Survival Course" he quoted Yves Congar who noted a key transition in the 11th century West was a move from the reign of tradition and synthesis to academia and analysis/questioning. The irony, of course, is that Congar's observations are born exactly from this mindset of questioning and analysis...
I've always interpreted statements like, "science is seeing the mind of God" in the sense that appreciating the creation allows us to learn a little more of the mind of the Creator. Know more of the artist by appreciating the art. No?
Ahh geeze you guys! Words and things can only have one meaning!! No one can be a son and a brother...
I want to develop a medieval Orthodox phronema! I’m beginning to “taste” the Other World in prayer and need to deepen that.
I am there too brother. God help us!
GOD will help call. Call upon the Name and keep seeking.
As a sinful materialist atheist I LOVE this. Beautiful minds at work.
how can you be sinful and an athiest?
Wow. This was like watching a Master Class for Free.....the Ghetto SCholar Thank you....
We need both science and religion.
I feel it's like a fight between mother and father when child is being hurt the most. How do You call a person who use both science and religion?
Your example of gravity was extremely insightful. It seems that the mediaeval mindset asked the same question as Isaas Newton, but from a different perspective. When asking why an apple falls to the ground, Sir Isaac Newton emphasises the mechanism that causes it to falls to ground, the physical law of gravity. Whereas the mediaeval mind looks at the wire from a more philosophical perspective, in some sense it’s even deeper, questioning the why for the mechanism. It falls to the ground because it belongs to the ground. Children instinctively keep asking why, and I think as adults we have forgotten to keep asking that question.
Late to the party, glad I made it!
Ahhhh, Richard Rohlin, the worlds coolest big nerd!
Jonathan, did you ever publish part 3 of your article series on the “Dog Headed Icon of St Christopher” anywhere or at all? The one from 2013. I’d love to read part 3 but I can’t find it. Cheers.
Thank you. What an great conversation.
This was a great discussion. It was always irritating to me when people during my protestant days would argue that only the autographic text was fully inspired. In reality, we will always need a received form of the text, which is not absolutely the same as the originals. This is okay - like Richard said, we believe the Holy Spirit was involved in the inspiration and preservation of the Scriptures.
You guys need to write a book.
Also you should (or two) talk Professor Rachel Fulton Brown.
As always excellent.
I have a question:
If the lifting of the veil is the symbol for the apocalypse, is marriage somehow also an apocalyptic symbol?
When the bridegroom lifts the veil of the bride to reveal her face, is he patterning Christ's return? Is this sort of an apocalypse of the singular purity of the bride, and then in that sense, the union as the salvation and rejoining of the heaven and earth?
maybe i am off base here but just throwing it out there.
Such a helpful conversation.
Just wondering: Is there a Symbolic world forum? Not for articles by a few hand-picked contributers, but also for regular people to ask questions and write with each other?
I need some help in figuring some things out.
the new web site has a forum like thing
there is also a facebook group and a discord (I think? I don't mess with discord)
It seems like you can just say there are material and immaterial causes and avoid the confusion.
Thank you very much for this video. I’d love to apply this mode of thinking to my every day life and reading. So if I want to read and therefor think and see the world like ancient man did (medieval) what book resources could you suggest to get me started?
What was the book mentioned at the very start? I heard “A history of the islander people” but couldn’t catch the author
A History of the Island by Eugene Vodolazkin
Thanks
I lived in an arab gulf state. This was my introduction to Islam.
The Muslim holy book is obsessed with being undesputable.
Every chapter (sura) repeats the same phrase in its title except one - because that sura contains the phrase within the text.
And this was a well known marvel illustrating the consistency and purity of the words.
There are scholarly symposiums that meet to uncover the mathematical intricacy and consistency of the text. This is considered proof the text is as told and hasn't been modified.
This was all regarded as evidence that the Qur'an was superior to earlier biblical texts and was infallible.
As a westerner I did not find this reassuring. I found it child like and authoritarian.
The depth and subtlety of the biblical text, the inconsistency between gospells added to the appeal of the text as something containing between the lines the revelation of a reality beyond the material realm.
Does anyone know where I can find the conservation of St. Siluoan and the Jesus Prayer that Richard Rohlin references in this video?
"It wasn't written to us but it was written for us." is the Protestant saying about cultural contextualization.
Ahhh it really is clicking now w Jonathan’s emphasis on counting in relation to 666 and then the stuff in Daniel about the Antichrist changing the times. Is it part of the same pattern?
The Jeffrey Chaucer quote at around 1.03.00 is actually a word-by-word copy from Dante's Paradiso Canto 1, about the inclination of bodies to move to their natural home (across the "ocean of Being" as Dante puts it).
Do you know how Dante shows his understanding of place?
@@thesecondlawandthetowerhou6026 It depends what you mean with place, whether in a spiritual or material sense for example. In the case of Canto I the description above is part of a larger spiritual cosmology where things move to where they spiritually "belong", but which could also be in a material/manifested sense.
The sense of place in general in Paradiso is also very ambigious, sometimes things are spatially projected to adapt to the human faculties, sometimes the pilgrim is in full disorientation (when nearing the heights of mysticism), sometimes the whole of cosmos inverts and the outmost of cosmos becomes the center of Being. So it depends! Just let me know if this helps a little.
@@2x_espresso Thank you so much for your response. It helps greatly, especially the description of Paradiso as indeed not having levels, as Dante so clearly explains. Dr McGilchrist makes the point that “the strategy of the left hemisphere tends to be more categorical:’above’, ‘below’ and so on.” I don’t see Dante’s world view as described in the video, for what it’s worth. It seems more like what physics is revealing to us somehow. And the transformation of the edge folding into the center fascinates me. Dante refers to that perhaps in Paradiso Canto XIV talking about the movement of water in a vase when tapped.
What is the qualitative nature of space as place? Somehow duration rather than sequenced time is easier to understand. Dr IMcG says that “The right hemisphere has a tendency to deal with spatial relations in terms of the degree of distance…”. Is he referring to perception and the ever-clearing vision as we draw closer or perhaps as we simultaneously are drawn closer and draw closer, like magnetism? Is that connection/relationship what we call place? It sure feels like be-longing to me.
Dante repeats “my place” 3 times and it is Pope Bonifazio uttering the words. It always fascinates me when Dante does something that is strikingly noticeable and I have wondered about this for quite a while.
Is place home?
Any thoughts most welcome.
I am very allergic to “moving up” “above” because I feel somehow convinced the man of the Medieval was very much not a gnostic or we wouldn’t have had the Renaissance.
Hi @thesecondlawandthetowerhou6026 ,
these are very interesting thoughts!
Indeed the Divine/Spiritual realm of Paradiso is "organized" in a right hemispheric manner, not linear, but holistic and multilayered and endlessly enriching in its perspectives. There is so much to say about this - the folding of the edge to the center could in some ways be a shift of hemispheres too, from seeing details and fragments as the "center", to shifting to the view that the overall is the center, from which the details emerge and can be identified. There are centuries of discussions right there! But according to both Dante and McGilchrist - there is no doubt: the Divine and the Right Hemsiphere is the primary and the larger picture, and also the foundation in a bigger sense.
I love the "place quotes" you have from IMcG too, one aspect of the right brain and the grounding in the immaterial realm, is that all spatial and temporal frames become relativized, including place. It becomes more of a "focus point" perhaps. I'm not sure what McG refers to with "degree of distance", but it could be something like the left brain thinking in terms of coordinates on a map, while the right brain perceives more as "how far from here", or how far from an imagined vantage point. And indeed perhaps in a more "experienced"/lived manner, like how far is it to get there and so on.
On the side I think children think more in the "here" manner of place. Wherever they are is usually the center of the world etc.
Last point; couldn't agree more regarding the Man of the Medieval, especially the 13th and 14th century strikes me as a "golden age" of sophisticated and "both-brained" philosophy and intellectual life, and an aspiration of something we should re-find and rebirth, in the coming decades!
Your example of right brain thinking reminds me of how we give directions. Turn left at the Dollar General and drive for about 15 minutes til you see the church, then take a right. 😂
You need a candle and some chivalry
Do you have a timestamp for this 😅
I like it
Or context
Can you give us the original Grimm texts to purchase? A linor edition still in print.
Link, that is.
This similarity between ancient views and postmodern views is what I have been trying to get at. Obviously PM is lacking a true foundation but PM folks are closer to ancient Christians than modernists.
To expound a bit more. The postmodern is like someone with their eyes open but floating in space. The modern is a person with blinders on digging themselves into a deeper hole.
I kinda get your metaphor, but aren't PMsters equally skeptical of modern and pre-modern view points? I suppose because they don't have modernist baggage they're "closer" to ancient views, but I wouldn't call them similar
@@chrisc7265 that is probably more accurate
In a conversation between Pageau and Rachel Fulton Brown, I believe it was Rachel that stated that many of the post-modernists were trained medievalists.
They took the idea of multiple meanings, but discarded the idea that those meanings are bound together meaningfully.
Is Kairos something like an ever-present Sabbath? And participation in the liturgy a participation in the rest of God?
I cannot find the essay he is talking about at 33:24
Anyone know?
That comment about the providencial change over the text due to a "mistake" is tough for some to embrace i think bc they are wraped up in apologetics and dont like to go near anything that might undermine them in a conversation w someone like Bart Erhman. Theres an example of this in Catholic tradition where one of the titles of Mary is Stella Maris or Star of the Sea. And this came about due to a scribal error in writing Mariam or "drop of the sea". It's been kept in the tradition with Mary as the guiding light that brings us to Christ and it's a cool story about how God will raise up the humble, transforming a drop in the ocean to the Star of the Sea.
Raised in the UK we were read a passage from the Bible in morning assembly. We understood it was our cultural history and taught us the mythology and values our society shared.
Furthermore we had a queen, she was the mother of our nation and she was protector of our faith in the mythology and moral framework in the bible. The had to demonstrate integrity and respect in order to qualify as protector of the faith.
I think our country was an extended family with these elements at its core, at keast aming the decent people in society.
Separation of church and faith occurred in the government of the people, yet the state and the church are united in rhe monarch.
What benefits would bequeathed to us in SOMETIMES approaching the scriptures as a foreigner, who wishes to become a Citizen?
You want something akin to the Metric System but related to time? I'll tell you what that is... it's called the "Tonalpohualli" (count of days or count of destinies) the ritual-divination calendar of the Aztec people. It's a calendar which is based in "human" patterns of numbers. It is made of 20 13-day periods, making a total of 260 days, every day of this "ritual" year has an individual name originated from the combination of "signs" and "numbers", so every day had a particular meaning in this cycle. The 260 days are believed to be originated from the 20 digits used for counting (fingers and toes) and the 13 joints of the body; others say it is the count of days from the first lost menstruation of the mother until the birth of her newborn. There you go, not seven days weeks. Also, their solar calendar or "Xiuhpohualli" was divided in 18 20-day months adding 5 days at the end of the cycle to account for the leap year phenomenon. It's known to be used to predict lunar and solar eclipses with a high degree of accuracy.
idk the seasons seem quite fundamental to experiencing time, I'd imagine a system like that can only work near the equator
@@chrisc7265 there were only two seasons in Mesoamerican cosmology, Rain season and dry season. It's still like that over here.
11:25 in, skipping forward, and I've yet to hear the guest speak??
ok, but most of the medieval texts are scholastic in which causality plays a major role in even stablishing God`s existence, also the founder of medieval culture Boethius has a lot to say about how causality is the way by which goodness spreads
Can someone kindly explain the qualitative nature of space as place? I understand the ‘eternal moment’ notion of time as duration , yet I can’t wrap my head around the notion of place.
Though I'm not a proponent of centering one's faith around science-based apologetics, I do think it's ironic that you go from emphasizing the importance of viewing life through a Biblical lense to knocking young earth creationism.
Does Richard have a theology channel?
You need to know about the Megalithic Mile if you want to know about the metric system
What is the symbolism of Caiphas being High Priest, and Christ changing Simon's name to Cephas (Peter)?
Does Caiphas mean rock?
Yes, they are two version of the same name. Note that Christ said (referring to Himself): "the stone that was rejected became the cornerstone". This applies also to St. Peter who was martyred and on whom was founded the Catholic Church. And you could also read it as: the Old Covenant High Priesthood was rejected and instead there is a new Head of the Church for the New Covenant. It's all the same on different levels of analysis. It works in a pattern. @@Joefrenomics
What was the word for qualified space?
Topos
@@RichardRohlin thank you kindly, sir.
Only One has descended into Hell."
"And will He ever do so again?"
"It was not once long ago that He did it. Time does not work that way when once ye have left the Earth. All moments that have been or shall be were, or are, present in the moment of His descending. There is no spirit in prison to Whom He did not preach."
C.S. Lewis/ The Great Divorce
Bravo
Hmm 6:00 but Richard why read like a medieval instead of an iron age Jew? Why use such a Greek lens which itself is a late non-friendly touristy reading of Scripture (from my Jewish perspective) which insists it can understand the text better in translation than in its original language and outside it's ancient reading tradition?
“The meter was first defined in France in 1783 as One ten-millionth of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator”
The meter was defined to literally measure the entire earth, and also makes the assumption that the earth is a perfect sphere with no irregularities or blemishes. Symbolism happens!
23:59 Al leer pensar en:
1. Intención = Amorosa
2. Costo = Alto
What were the books and authors mentioned in this conversation?
Yes - I was wanting a list as well.
"The metric system is demonic" is a totally wild take, I wish he'd talk more about it.
its very prone to 666-ism
It's not really when you realize it's not based on anything actually physical. It's unbodied and based purely on an idea of measurement.
@@BenjaminFeehan I still don't understand why that matters. Whether it's derived from the size of the earth or some guys body, in terms of measuring systems it's most practical because it can easily be scaled by factor of ten.
@@na_haynesI think what he is alluding to is the fact that the metric system purports to be rational, all encompassing, and perfect. It is prideful in that it implicitly claims that science can account for everything and order chaos.
But I agree that this isn’t because the metric system takes the earth’s circumference as a base, but mainly because it’s a base 10 system. The ancient cubits were also related to the earth’s circumference I believe, whilst also relating to the human body. As such, you have a unit that is in keep with the fractal nature of the cosmos and that leaves a bit of space for mystery.
@@marca.2235 OK but I still feel like having a bit of mystery or 'play' involved with your basis of measurement actually contradicts the thrust of generating standards of measurement.
29:06 this is a tricly argument - did God not have all of us in mind when He revealed Scripture? Even the modernists and post-modernists...
Where are the C.S Lewis quotes from?
There’s a t-shirt with Einstein dressed as a cop saying: Speed limit, 186,000 miles per second. It’s not just a good idea, it’s the law.
@44:00 -ish @JonathanPageau in this part of the convo if you take all instances of "the text" and replace them with "the data" I'll say this is almost exactly what it feels like to be doing science (...for some of us).
What's wrong with the fluid post modern reading? Isn't that what we do? The text shows a pattern and that pattern is manifested in many things at different level.
I think he gives the answer at 49:31
Sometimes a feel a little sensitive listening to these talks, that perhaps there is this academic dismissal of Creationism, even though all the modern Saints support this perspective. Will someone assuage my concern?
I haven't finished the video, but where is creationism dismissed? The discussion I heard was how one doesn't have to strictly hold to young or old Earth creationism.
I mean, I'm a Creationist. It's the deeply materialistic version of Creationism that I was raised with that I'm responding to when I say things like this.
@@RichardRohlin I would like to see this view fleshed out some more. Have you heard Reader Paul Trinicas (bottom of the rabbit hole) recent video reading the modern Saints opinions on the topic of evolution?
After being caught up in materialism I now think creationism actually makes more sense than evolution, however the interpretation of time and the assumption of what years things happened still feels unprovable and unnecessary.
@@RichardRohlinAs a carpenter and apologist for the imperial system, I love your take on the metric system. Having a base 12 and base 16 system interpolated with a 10 base system is pure genius and wonderful, not to mention the highly intuitive increments of inches, feet, yards, gallons, etc.
‘How to read like a medieval person”
Jokes on you I wouldn’t be able to read
46:40 That is not what is ment by the distinction between essential and accidental properties. It's also not a modern concept but comes from Aristotle.
Thomas Aquinas theology is deeply aristotelian.
Also Aquinas lived in the 13th century
1:09:15 the Romans had an 8 day week, Egyptians and Greeks had 10 day weeks.
Do you have a point? Or are you just in cause and effect mode of thinking?