Dangerous USB phone chargers 10
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- Опубликовано: 28 авг 2024
- Opening another pair of dangerous USB phone chargers from eBay. Let's see what surprises and hazards are hidden inside. Including the schematic and oscilloscope waveform of one of them. Some chargers may not comply with safety regulations, they may cause an electric shock or fire. Their current rating may be fake, the output voltage may be wrong and they can damage your devices.
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“With this kind of solder joints, you need a fire extinguisher.”
Apparently, the person responsible for soldering is indeed a recreational user of fire extinguisher fluid.
😁
Maybe the dry solder joint of the fusible resistor was the cause of the charger not working.
@@Conservator. He should have tested it, there is a lot of ways... Measuring if there is inrush or idle current draw, probing the transformer using a 1-turn sense winding, measuring if the secondary smoothing capacitor has any voltage on it, trying to draw current from that capacitor etc. None of this will switch the charger to 9V or 12V modes, so I would recommend buying a cable from eBay or locally (once he recovers), it will likely become an everyday item as adoption of USB-C rises.
9:49 An USB charger with an C receptible is required to be VBUS offline, until it detects an USB C cable with the correct configuration resistor. This is to prevent the USB backfeeding problem.
In this charger, once you removed the cover, you can identify one of the CC pins in the connector, and connect a 5.1k 20% or better to turn the voltage on to 5V
at first glance I could say that the first one would be dodgier than the second one, but I was wrong. The only "issue" is the fact that it is very low power, and also this is what made it behave ok even though it was cheaply made.
I guessed from the start that one was less dodgy. It's not pretending to be a fancy big brand product by looking like a Samsung or something. It's just like your typical mid 2000s USB low power charger. Maybe a direct cheapened copy of such. They even give you screws so they have nothing to hide. You don't even get that 'luxury' with a modern Apple one or something.
Actually using the first one will probably make you a "friend" of anyone trying to listen to AM radio in your neighborhood, thanks to the lack of EMI suppression.
Actually, it's missing a snubber network too. It's going to explode without any doubt
@@westelaudio943 It says 2015 on the board.
@@mernok2001
I wrote it's _like_ a charger from that era. Not that it actually is that old.
Hi DiodeGoneWild,
I’m curious how the output ripple of these chargers are, especially compared to higher quality chargers.
I think it could be interesting to show that when testing the chargers.
Anyway, thanks for these interesting video’s! I enjoy each and everyone of them!
Good to hear that you are getting better. Thanks for everything
The conclusion: The obsolete old fashioned charger was working well, because there's not much to go wrong. The modern, hi-tech, over complicated charger didn't work at all due to poor soldering. XD
I have one of the old fashioned chargers for charging the lipo batteries on a cheap drone
i have a old fashioned charger, plugged a usb soldering irn and barely heated up. connected it to a new charger and it worked flawlessly
Dear Diodegonewild
It would be really nice if you want to make a tutorial video, on the specific function of all those components. And why they are important. I learn a lot from you
Maybe the second charger didn't work because of the defective soldering 🤔
Possibly, but USB-C cables are quite complex and often contain active electronics. It is definitely possible for a device to tell if - and what - USB-C cable was connected. I was hoping for a scope measurement without load though, or maybe trying to load it by sapping power from the secondary smoothing capacitor, thus bypassing the electronics.
Or just buy the cable, what am I supporting you for?!
It's easy to check if the resistor is a fusible one: just put like 3* the maximum power and wait... If it catches fire it's not a safe one!
Surprised by the black one - way better than I would have thought
Oscilloscope made in the Soviet Union. Nice piece of vintage equipment.
Thanks for yet another interesting charger autopsy and explanation!
I’m wondering how you could improve the output of the first charger (just for the challenge, not for practical purposes).
Changing the single diode to a full bridge rectifier and increasing the input capacitor would make the input ripple smaller but not increase the output.
Lowering the value of the 6.8 Ohm current sensing resistor would switch off the power transistor at a later point but the duty cycle cannot be increased by much as it’s already at about 80%.
So what else is limiting the output power?
A higher switching frequency would increase the efficiency of the transformer but at higher loads it already seems to double getting to 150kHz.
Is the output capacitor and/or the transformer the limiting factor?
@@IGDZILLA The output voltage could perhaps be increased by changing the the voltage reference on the output side ( the 4.3V zener in this video) but only if the output is also low when on no load or a low load.
First time found a 'slightly dodgy' charger..... :D
Love the video... :)
DiodeGoneWild ALWAYS surprise me! Episodes ago he spoke "Nice" instead of the usual "DODGYYYY" 😂😂😂
Glad to hear you're feeling better! Best regards!
I am waiting to see the transformerless capacitor only dropper charger! No doubt there are some out there.
Me too! It would be amazing to find one in the wild, but I suspect the large dropper capacitor and high power zener diode required to maintain the output voltage would probably cost just as much as some of the cheaper switching power supplies. For a 500mA charger, it would take a ~6.8uF dropper capacitor and 2.5-watt zener to make 500mA/5V from a 240V 50Hz source.
I did a teardown of perhaps the simplest possible SMPS from eBay, which had only one transistor (in a TO-92 package!) and no optocoupler: ruclips.net/video/T8Ay13u6U6s/видео.html
It could manage about 450mA when new, and after 3 years of intensive use charging power banks, could still manage about 300mA output current.
Nice! But yea, USB C is intentionally designed so you can't back feed it into other devices, by default with nothing connected a properly compliant USB C upstream device shouldn't output any voltage. To enable the output you have to use the CC1 and CC2 pins which are not in the USB A connector, the easiest way to enable the output is to put two separate 5.1 k ohm resistors from CC1 and CC2 to ground, this will enable the 5 V 3 A output. For higher voltages you need to communicate across CC1 and CC2 with the USB PD standard, however some chargers also allow for the older USB A fast charger communication like Qualcomm QC across USB A D+, D- pins for maximum compatibility when using a USB C to USB A adapter which just has those two 5.1k resistors.
Would be interesting to see counterfeit Samsung and Apple chargers from Aliexpress/Ebay compaed to the real deal
Well done!
Top notch editing as usual, DGW.
Hi there. I just want to ask you something: when you unwind the transformers, it looks like those wires (especially the secondary windings) are far softer than they should be. Is it because they're so tiny or are they skimpng on the copper? Thank you for your videos, they're always educating (me) and are also very entertaining. Greetings from Germany.
Some cheap windings can be copper coated aluminium, but in this case it was copper. Chargers use so little of wire that they still didn't switch to aluminium.
If it is not that old and not that much work hardened, likely the winding machine routed it rather straight. May explain the wild turn placement.
Making the winding aluminum would make it very expensive on the processing. Not worth when so little amount of the material is used.
The second charger didn't work because it needs a PD trigger to start supplying voltage. USB-A 4-wire ports don't have the PD wire so after soldering the trigger is not going through.
You don't even need a PD trigger to get 5V. You just have to pull the CC1 and CC2 pins to ground through a resistor.
It technically contained the PD wire in the plug section, but the plug has a 56K resistor to 5V line, which is not big enough to turn it on, and goes to the wrong data line
1:01 had a charger exactly like this here, with the 5.30V overvoltage and all. It worked but an ESP32 fed by it would freeze every 3 days, not even the watchdog worked prperly, guess it was due to lack the interference capacitor or the excess voltage. Not sure how this charger ended up here, perhaps as a power supply for some lighting, torch or small tool. Threw it away when saw the 5.3V value on multimeter, could hear "Dodgeeeee" in my head :)
Awesome! New video from Diode, thanks!
Have you tried testing how fusible all those resistors are, or how easy is it to fail-short those 1kV non-safety caps? It may help you get your sense of smell back :-P
For USB-C, they sell similar cheap measurement devices like your USB-A one (Joy-It JT-TC66C goes up to 24V), but there's a newer USB-C Power Delivery (v3.1, not to be confused with USB 3.1) standard in the process, which promises 28, 36 and 48V at 5A. Also the USB-C cable needs to have some active electronics inside the connector (!) to tell the chargers it can do 5A. I heard people do early USB-C user troubleshooting with sentences like "have you tried restarting the cable?". The ZY12PDN breakout board can help you negotiate what voltage you want on your two output pads.
I suppose if you've got millions of spiders in your home or just need to get rid of your home to build a new one on the land, these chargers will help you in 1,2, *fire* !
You actually called USB C A micro USB at the beginning 🤔
I had a safe edition of the black one actually! Very solid design! Turns out a lot of these black cases were made and sold to different companies or whatever who just made different chargers.
Your cable thing should have been able to backfeed (but no way to switch the voltage through data in your first attempt with the data pins connected together inside the other charger.
I think the horrible soldering made the charger not even turn on as it was the fusible resistor.
You should have tried it out.
I had noticed you had mentioned no smell. Get well soon man.
For USB-C measurement I am using KM001c from Power-Z. These things are kind of pricy, did not do proper autopsy of it (I am still layman), but it does the job for me and software is properly updated.
Slightly dodgy... I haven't seen that in a long time!
I've seen some, and I can recall hearing «nice» sometimes.
the big transistor is 13003 NPN
Nice to see another installment of the dangerous USB phone chargers series! Yes, that one is trying to imitate the more expensive ones which have just USB-C output and require a USB C to C cable.
A lot of devices, such as new iPhone and new Samung Galaxy, comes with no charger (so you have to buy one, possibly cheap questionable ones) and also only comes with type C to C cable, or C to Lightning, so you can't use your old charger, and have to either buy new charger or buy new cables...
Also, why does LED bulb have energy rating G?! Incandescents were rating E, with only the tube stule ones (S15 base) getting rating G...
Yes, they keep trying to make more money. The lamp is on the new EU efficiency scale, not the old one.
@@DiodeGoneWild the problem I see is that, if mobile phone companies don't provide a charger and people have to buy their own, they're not going to want to spend £29 on a genuine Samsung Type C charger. Since you can easily pick up a generic charger for under £10 on eBay, and reuse your old cable (or get a cheap cable), many people will use that route. This is where the dodgy electronics come in, and why these "dangerous usb phone chargers" videos are helpful.
So the phone companies are not being helpful in regards to people's safety!
No sense of smell. Positive thoughts for you man. Nice tear down too.
"electrocution house burners" :-)
I think 'slightly dodgy' may not always the best typ of 'rating in between'. Something like 'usable under supervision', 'almost good', '70% of a complete design achieved', 'design pointing more in the correct direction than others', could be more helpfull. I think 'slightly doggy' does not differentiate enough.
First one the transformer has a distributed air gap, they used thick glue to stick it together, so the middle had half, and the outer legs of the ferrite the rest. Looks like it was made all with rectcled components as well, that inrush resistor is definitely not flame proof, or fusible, though I do think it will go open circuit within 10 mains cycles once the diode fails short circuit, just about the same time as the input capacitor exits the case.
0:16 That's not Micro USB that USB Type-C. Anyway good video
The Black one is the same type that was supplied with my Bluetooth headset
How are you Danyk? All the best and get well soon.
It's already much much better :) I even have my smell back now.
Don't use the good Czech beer as fire exinguisher, ;)
BTW is the krokonosh beer still available? It used to be my favorite when I was in the gdr.
"I don't smell anything burning..." - oh wait🤔🙃
Sad you didn't resolder the resistor and test it again. I think it didn't make contact at all, so there was no voltage on the output.
USB C has some peculiarities, one of them is allowing the device to work as a host or as a peripheral, similar to IDE HDs that have master and slave operation, so using a USB A to C cable does not work, the C end is permanently set as peripheral so that the computer can recognize the mobile and prevent backfeed from mobile to pc
Finally i was waiting for a long time for another charger video
The type C one is probably with USB PD ( power delivery) you can't fool it so easy 😁
Not surprised if the 2nd charger didn't work when you tried to test it.
May be for next video, rebuild first charger for 1amp current
May be second power wart was not working at all due to shit solder job on that fusible resistor :)
maybe, but also because the supply voltage on a USB-C has to be enabled.
This explains why nothing happened on your "Chrage a charger" video
Early unlisted video in the playlist detected. ;D
If the data pins of the USB ports are connected together, it will signal DCP (Dedicated Charge Port) to the device, which by standard means 1,5A current at 5V. So it’s BAD!
USB-C needs some pins to be pulled to ground to enable 5V output. You'd need the opposite gender of USB-A plug to use it (or modify a USB-C/USB-C cable). And for higher voltage, actual digital communication is required.
Given the poor quality of the second transformers windings dgw should buy the same once again this time, and provide us with the missing results of the electrical measurements (and then recheck the transformer a second time again? Better or just the same quality?).
Also soldering a second board ninety degrees of angle onto another board (fixed just one side) does not seem to be a very good solution. Dgw could have been coming up with his idea for a design change proposal?
They are missing.
Looking at this simple first charger, what is the reason, that we have not seen this type of power supplies 30 years ago? I guess, all these parts have been also easy available at this time?
The second one looked like it had been populated on an old 'dodgy' thru hole pick and place (steam powered) and then wave soldered on another ancient 'super dodgy' machine...cheers.
Get better soon DGW. Love your content.
The first one really looked like one for the old Nintendo 3ds XL, i had one and it's the same haha
It seems like that particular style adapter case often has atleast 1 screw
You need a small board like `ZY12PDN` to get the power from USB-C it just needs to talk to the end-device provide the required voltage [5,9,12].
Blue resistor at the input side is a non-flammable not fusible...
Always waiting for your videos
Can you make the cheap charger better be soldering the missing components like the missing capacitors, full bridge ect.. would love to see the results
Hope you get better soon!
the dry fusable resistor maybe why you weren't getting any output
I had that 1st charger... It's ok for PC fan supply power but not ok for mini amplifier like PAM8403 or USB Bluetooth cz the output is not clear and too much noise
10:35 Tappy tap tap
Most smartphones nowadays won't charge on 500mA, which is the maximum you can get from a PC's USB port (excluding type C). A lot of smartphones, and especially tablets, need the full 2A to charge properly.
make a 3-25v variable power supply from a laptop charger I saw some video doing modify tl431 and also test it if it's safe i have a old charger lying around maybe it can be a good power supply
You need to connect the extra pins usb 3.0 port
The only thing those cheap Chinese transformers are good for is copper wire for trace repair...
14:14 the cover which you broke with screwdriver is tightly sealed. How it becomes dirty and moisturised?!
The USB-C port is a nice oval hole in it. 😜
@@dashcamandy2242 😅
Are there any safety issues around that fire extinguisher?
must always be refilled to safe levels
classic Czech accent, Italian and other romance accents combined
The usb-c one is a Chinese fake/knockoff version of the original Apple 18W/20W usb-c to usb-c/lightning charger which you generaly get with new iPads and also works with modern iPhones.
On the first chager, before you showed the schematic i was betting that they used the led as a zener diode.
That wouldn't work as it drops only 1.6 to 2.0 volts.
You forgot to post your cat 😭😭
Nah it's better to have any isolation from mains then capacitive dropper
Why did you used analog oscilooscope?
I like to rotate my oscilloscopes ;) today was the analog day :)
I'd personally call it super dodgy
I had the same first charger, but it blew up after a few months.
My sense of smell is completely non existent....hahahah....that got me laughing hard.
Pardon me for asking....Why is your sense of smell gone? Covid or something?
of course, but now it's back :)
@@DiodeGoneWild Sorry about that.
I'm glad its back. Stay safe brother.
Hi. Can you explain what drives the frequency to be 77khz on the first charger. I know you say it's the RC circuit on the aux winding, but when I do the calculation, its 42.5 Khz. What am I missing?
I like the Russian oscilloscope.
The accent makes this video very funny 🤣
0:17 its not micro usb port.
It is a Type C port....
I WANT THE TEST LOAD
Sadly, you didnt soldered back the fsible resistor. Because that was the reason why you wasnt able to get any readings with your makeshift solution. Well, its in parts now, and we will never know it..
The 2nd charger probably not working due to bad sordering on input resistor. it's a pity you didn't "fix" it D:
Good,Pls share controll chip part number that located at nearby type c connector
What happens if you hack the feedback. Does it overheat or meltdown at full duty cycle?’
It might drive the transformer in saturation, once that happens the switching transistor goes short circuit and the protection resistor blows up. Or it self-regulates at a voltage that's way too high for the load.
I got the black one with a rechargable led floodlight 😂
maybe u could fix those chargers and donate them? just exploring ideas
0:15 USB Type-C /USB-C (and the other is USB-A)
USB-C has intelligent chips in both ends as well as in the charger to determine which device is the slave and which one is the master as well as negotiate the proper voltage. It cannot be fooled. Without a proper cable and a device to charge it won't even turn on the output.
500mah? No, is 50mah🤣
The last charger is actually trying to look like an Apple fast charger. It’s what you need for the newer iPhones (never buy them by the way because Apple made screen replacements kill face ID and error messages and garbage).
I would like to know if he winds those transformers back after the end of recording these videos.
Těžko :D
@@DiodeGoneWild 😁😂
Nice.
Yesssss
This is USB C, not micro usb
the conclusion iiiis (drum roll) 9:13 & 17:43😀☺