@@SamBalino I have written farsi without the dots to express myself and usually secrets, 1 i m the only one that speaks farsi in the ENTIRE family and 2 only i can know the dots🤭
Good video. Just to add a note about the alphabet's history, since some people have asked about it. The Phoenicians inherited their alphabet from their Canaanite ancestors, who had invented the Proto-Canaanite script (aka Proto-Sinaitic script). The Canaanites themselves had adapted the shapes of their letters from the Egyptian hieroglyphics, but hieroglyphics itself is not an alphabet (it's rather a pictographic system, which pieces together names of pictures to form words). But the Canaanites were the first people to take the step towards representing individual sounds with individual symbols (letters). This is a straightforward, simplified method of representation, and of course it's the same one we use today. The Phoenicians took the Proto-Canaanite script and standardized the shape and direction of the letters before spreading it far and wide. This is why we call the Phoenician alphabet the world's first alphabet. The script you're reading right now ultimately traces back to it as well, as Patrick described in the vid.
Phoenicians called themselves Canaanites and their land was known to them as Canaan whereas the name Phoenicians “Punic” was given to them by the Greeks.
@@angosalvo5734 Punic is Pheonic (without the suffix ian), its the same word, the -ian suffix is not in any Semite language. in Arabic it Finiq, in Hebrew its Pinik.
They didn't "take" the alphabet. The inherited it from their Canaanite ancestors. The Proto-Sinaitic script, which was the proto script of the Phoenician alphabet, is also called Proto-Canaanite. This is because it was invented by the Canaanites. The Phoenicians were a group of Canaanites as well, albeit with their own culture. Now, it is true that the Canaanites took inspiration from the hieroglyphics, but this in itself was not an alphabet (it's a pictographic system). The Canaanites were the first people to take the step towards representing individual sounds with individual symbols (letters). They are rightfully credited for this invention, and the Phoenicians perfected and spread it. This is why we call the Phoenician alphabet the first alphabet.
You should do a video where you compare the evolution of Phoenician letters from their proto-sinaitic ancestor and mutiple decendant languages like Greek Latin Hebrew and Syriac
@@Patrick.KhouryI find it very strange how everyone jumps over The Eritrean Ethiopian Script , and the zabur cursive script with the oldest inscriptions found in Eritrea, maybe some narratives don't fit in with history
There are two Phoenician cities named Sur, one in Oman and the other in Lebanon. Sinbad (who showed Vasco da Gama the way to India) lived his entire life in the Omani city of Sur.
The Lebanese (Phoenicians) standardized the direction and shape of the Proto-Sinaitic letters. Hence, they had a hand in its development. They also spread it, as correctly stated in the vid. Therefore, the Phoenician alphabet is rightfully called the world's first alphabet.
The first distinct alphabet in history is the Ugaritic alphabet. You could argue that it's also considered Phoenician as Ugarit was on the northern borders of Phoenicia. The alphabet you showed in your video was developed from the Ugaritic alphabet which in turn was developed from the Proto-Sinaitic script.
@@badernauman Ugaritic has different origins. It's descended from Cuneiform. It also wasn't an alphabet, but an abjad, like the Phoenician script. While Ugaritic may have influenced other scripts, the Phoenician abjad has its origins in Egyptian Hieroglyphs. While Ugaritic might've had one of the first sound-based writing systems, it wasn't the first alphabet. What divides an alphabet from an abjad (and abugida, for that matter) is having equal weight given to both consonants and vowels.
Interesting, due to the existence of Canaanites/Phoenicians in here north Africa, specifically in present-day Tunisia, under the name of Carthage, they interacted with the native population, thus, this interaction contributed to the creation of the Tifinagh alphabet (the Amazigh language writing system) (correct me if I am wrong😅)
@@Bellarej350 Tifinagh is the specific alphabet of the Tuareg and does not exist on the northern sides of Africa. There are concordances between the true Tifinagh and the Thamoud script. The neo Tifinagh which was invented in the 20th century is not understandable by the Tuaregs
Who turner Alef to Alfa before the Greeks were the people who spoke Aramaic. Because אלף became אלפא, and it is a distinctive feature found between Hebrew/Punic words and Aramaic (the addition of a final Alef). So Greeks only imported the Aramaic innovation.
Thank you for making this video. I always love to learn about the real history of my language. I say real because all the history I've been taught in school is false. It's only made to praise Islam and the Islamic conquest and make it look good. The Arabs claim the language has always been like this since Adam, and people in heaven speak only Arabic so they refuse the idea of language evolution because it's the language of the Quran, so as a result we all ended up speaking what we call dialects and refusing to leave behind formal and classic Arabic even though it's become completely foreign to us (i.e no one really speaks it) instead of formalizing the spoken forms and accepting the truth. But anyway I still enjoy the classic Arabic peotry unless it involves religious contexts 😄
@Emiral-Mundhir depends on which Arabs you mean. If you meet Arabs speaking English then the possibility of representing real Arabs is very low. That's also true with Muslims who go to the west. they make Islam look really good and appealing when everyone here is filled with absurdities and hatred towards the west Kuffar.
If the Nabataean dotted letter appeared in the 4th century CE, why the first scripts of the Quran were undotted? I think they added the dots much later.
Nonsense The "Aramaic" word for God is "Alaha" too sounds familiar? Written without the confusing vowels it is written A-L-H ܐ ܠܗܐ (alap-lamed-he) as found in Targum or in Tanakh (Daniel, Ezra), Syriac Aramaic (Peshitta), reduced from the Arabic original (of which Aramaic is a dialect continuum as will be explained) it is written in the Arabic script 'A-L-L-H' (Aleph-Lam-Lam-Ha) add an A before the last H for vocalization. The word God in another rendition in Hebrew ʾĕlōah is derived from a base ʾilāh, an Arabic word, written without confusing vowel it is A-L-H in the Arabic script, pronounced ilah not eloah. Hebrew dropped the glottal stop and mumbled it, aramic mumbled a little less and it became elaha. Infact both are written written A-L-H in Arabic, it is pronounced i in Arabic and not A because it is an Alef with hamza below (إ أ ) They are two different forms of Alef. And it mean "a god", it is the non definitive form of A-L-L-H, in which the Alef is without a glottal stop/hamza,(ا), but this kind of nuance is lost in the dialect continua. infact "YHWH" itself is an Arabic word as discussed by Professor. Israel Knohl (Professor of Biblical studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) in the paper" YHWH: The Original Arabic Meaning of the Name." jesus as his name is often misspelled due to the lack of the ayin sound in Greek, which was rendered to Iesous, coupling the nearest sound to ayin, same letter found in 'Iraq', which sounds entirely different in Arabic form 'Iran' in Arabic, with the -ous Greek suffix that Greeks typically add to their names 'HerodotOS', 'PlotinUS', 'AchelOUS' and later mumbled into a J. The yeshua rendition of Isa (his name in the Qur'an) PBUH which is purported to be the name of Jesus is KNOWN to had been taken from greek. Western Syriac also use "Isho". Western Aramaic (separate from Syriac which is a dialect of Eastern Aramaic) use "Yeshu". Western Syriac has been separate from Western Aramaic for about 1000 years. And sounds don't even match up. Syriac is a Christian liturgical language yet the four letters of the name of Jesus «ܝܫܘܥ» [ = Judeo-Babylonian Aramaic: «ישוע» ] sounds totally different in West vs East Syriac, viz. vocalized akin to Christian Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic «ܝܶܫܽܘܥ» (Yēšūʿ) in West Syriac, but pronounced more akin to Muslim Arabic Quran character name Isa in East Syriac «ܝܑܼܫܘܿܥ» (ʾĪšōʿ). The reason for this confusion is their dropping of phonemes. Only someone that has no idea what the letters are or how they sound would have a name ending in a pharyngeal fricative like the ayin, if it were to be used in a name it would have had to be in the beginning, thus the Arabic rendition is the correct one. An example in English is how the appended -d is a common error amongst the English pronouncing Gaelic names. The name Donald arose from a common English mispronunciation of the Gaelic name Donal. Just how it is with donal becoming donald and the two becoming distinct and the original being regarded as something seperate so too did Isa PBUH turn to Iesous turn to jesus and when they tried going back to the original they confused it for yeshua ( ysu is how it is actually written) for Isa PBUH ( 3'eysah ) Schlözer in his preparation for the Arabia expedition in 1781 coined the term Semitic language: "From the Mediterranean to the Euphrates, from Mesopotamia to Arabia ruled one language, as is well known. Thus Syrians, Babylonians, Hebrews, and Arabs were one people (ein Volk). Phoenicians (Hamites) also spoke this language, which I would like to call the Semitic (die Semitische)." -Before Boas: The Genesis of Ethnography and Ethnology in the German By Han F. Vermeulen. He was only half right though, Arabic is the only corollary to "proto-semitic", infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical as will be shown. "protosemetic" Alphabet (28), Arabic Alphabet (28), Latin transliteration, hebrew (22) 𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼 ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي A b t ṯ j h kh d ḏ r z s sh ṣ ḍ ṭ ẓ ʿ ġ f q k l m n h w y א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת Merged phonemes in hebrew and aramaic: ح, خ (h, kh) merged into only kh consonant remain س, ش (s, sh) merged into only Shin consonant remaining ط, ظ (ṭ/teth, ẓ) merged into only ṭ/teth consonant remaining ص, ض (ṣ, ḍ/Tsad ) merged into only ḍ/Tsad consonant remaining ع, غ (3'ayn, Ghayn) merged into a reducted ayin consonant remaining ت, ث (t/taw, th) merged into only t/taw consonant remaining The reason why the protoS alphabet here is 28 and not 29, is because the supposed extra letter is simply a س written in a different position, but it was shoehorned to obfuscated. In Arabic letter shapes are different depending on whether they are in the beginning , middle or end of a word. As a matter of fact, all of the knowledge needed for deciphering ancient texts and their complexity was derived from the Qur'an. It was by analyzing the syntactic structure of the Qur'an that the Arabic root system was developed. This system was first attested to in Kitab Al-Ayin, the first intralanguage dictionary of its kind, which preceded the Oxford English dictionary by 800 years. It was through this development that the concept of Arabic roots was established and later co-opted into the term 'semitic root,' allowing the decipherment of ancient scripts. In essence, they quite literally copied and pasted the entirety of the Arabic root. Hebrew had been dead, as well as all the other dialects of Arabic, until being 'revived' in a Frankensteinian fashion in the 18th and 19th centuries. The entire region spoke basically the same language, with mumbled dialect continuums spread about, and Arabic is the oldest form from which all these dialects branched off. As time passed, the language gradually became more degenerate, Language; When one looks at the actual linguistics, one will find that many were puzzled by the opposite, that is, how the other "semetic" languages were more "evolved" than Arabic, while Arabic had archaic features, not only archaic compared to bibilical Hebrew, Ethiopic, "Aramaic" contemporary "semetic" languages, but even archaic compared to languages from ancient antiquity; Ugaritic, Akkadain. What is meant here by Archaic is not what most readers think, it is Archaic not in the sense that it is simple, but rather that it is complex (think Latin to pig Latin or Italian or Old English, which had genders and case endings to modern English), not only grammatically, but also phonetically; All the so called semitic languages are supposed to have evolved from protosemetic, the Alphabet for protosemitic is that of the so called Ancient South Arabian (which interestingly corresponds with the traditional Arabic origins account) and has 28 Phonemes. Arabic has 28 phonemes. Hebrew has 22, same as Aramaic, and other "semitic" languages. Now pause for a second and think about it, how come Arabic, a language that is supposed to have come so late has the same number of letters as a language that supposedly predates it by over a millennium (Musnad script ~1300 BCE). Not only is the glossary of phonemes more diverse than any other semitic language, but the grammar is more complex, containing more cases and retains what's linguists noted for its antiquity, broken plurals. Indeed, a linguist has once noted that if one were to take everything we know about languages and how they develop, Arabic is older than Akkadian (~2500 BCE). And then the Qur'an appeared with the oldest possible form of the language thousands of years later. This is why the Arabs of that time were challenged to produce 10 similar verses, and they couldn't. People think it's a miracle because they couldn't do it, but I think the miracle is the language itself. They had never spoken Arabic, nor has any other language before or since had this mathematical precision. And when I say mathematical, I quite literally mean mathematical. Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later in an alphabet that had never been recorded before, and in the highest form the language had ever taken? The creator is neither bound by time nor space, therefore the names are uttered as they truly were, in a language that is lexically, syntactically, phonemically, and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing. In fact, that writing appears to have been a simplified version of it. Not only that, but it would be the equivalent of the greatest works of any particular language all appearing in one book, in a perfect script and in the highest form the language could ever take. It is so high in fact, that it had yet to be surpassed despite the fact that over the last millennium the collection of Arabic manuscripts when compared on word-per-word basis in Western Museums alone, when they are compared with the collected Greek and Latin manuscripts combined, the latter does not constitute 1 percent of the former as per German professor Frank Griffel, in addition all in a script that had never been recorded before. Thus, the enlightenment of mankind from barbarism and savagery began, and the age of reason and rationality was born from its study. God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
@@mznxbcv12345 No. the name yahweh or rather, the tetragrammation of YHWH does not come from arabic. The name itself is older than the arabic language. The actual word in the bible is not yahweh, but rather 'ehye (I am/i will be). The whole sentence ('ehye aser ehye) roughly means "I am who i am". Do you think it makes sense to replace "i am" with "love/passion" here? There were even references to YHWH in 11th century BC in ancient egypt. Guess what? none of them was written in arabic. So no, its not like people used a time machine to borrow a random arabic word in the future. While I agree the name "Jesus" is not authentic, neither is the name 'Isa. Jesus spoke aramaic (not arabic) He was most likely named Isho. The name 'Isa was simply adopted from Aramaic Isho. Just like the name Jesus was ultimately adopted from Isho. Also, you dont need to promote your religion here.
The first clue to understanding the "YHWH" name comes from the context of the story of the burning bush in the book of Exodus. After Moses kills an Egyptian and flees from Pharaoh (2.12-15), he ends up in Midian, where he meets the priest of Midian, Reuel (or Jethro), and marries his daughter, Zipporah. While shepherding his father-in-law’s flocks, he sees the burning bush and receives a revelation from God at God’s own mountain: Exodus 3.1 "Moses was tending the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian, and he drove the flock into the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, to Horeb." This context suggests that God’s mountain is not in Israel or in Egypt, but it is in the Horeb wilderness, not far from Midian. YHWH’s origins are in the Nomad-land of Yehwa among the Midianites, then the meaning of the name should be from the Arabic language family rather than the Hebrew language family. The area described by Ptolemy as Midiana is the same area as biblical Midian, an assumption that can be supported by the biblical connection between Midian and Ishmael. The Midianites were an Arabian tribe; their home base was in Arabia and they are related to Ishmaelites. The book of Judges states this explicitly in the story of Gideon. Judges 8.24 And Gideon said to them, “I have a request to make of you: Each of you give me the earring he received as booty.” (They had golden earrings, for they were 'Ishmaelites'.). The way of Isama'el (his true name unmutated) and Ibrahim (original name of Abraham unmutated ) before him was followed by a minority of the Arabs down to the Prophet Muhammad PBUH, they were called Al-Hunafaa', the "righteous Ones" or the "True Believers". Based on Egyptian records dating to the 14th century B.C.E., we know that the Midianites were not the only ethnic groups living this these areas. In the geographical list in Amunhotep III’s Soleb Nubian temple, the people of the "Arabah" and the southern Transjordan are called Shaswe (or Shasu). Arabah here, as the name suggesets means "The Arabs", The word shaswe, šꜣsw is written after the Egyptian determinative for “land” ti, showing that the Egyptian text is describing different geographical areas inhabited by various shaswe. One area listed is called Nomad-land Seir, which is identical with the Mount Seir region in Edom. The following name in the list, and thus nearby or contiguous with Seir, was Nomad-land Yehwa, yhwꜣ(w). Biblical evidence suggests that YHWH comes from the southeast, either from the hills of Edom or even further south in Midian or beyond. This is particularly clear in three very ancient biblical poems: Song of Moses (Deut 33:2) YHWH came from Sinai; He shone upon them from Seir; He appeared from Mount Paran, and approached from Ribeboth-kodesh… Song of Deborah (Judg 5:4) YHWH, when You came forth from Seir, advanced from the country of Edom, the earth trembled… Song of Habakkuk (Hab 3:3) God is coming from Teman, the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah…. Paran and Teman, places associated with Ismaa'el (Ishmael) and his descendants. Mecca is attested in some ancient South Arabian inscriptions as Makkah or Makkahum, meaning "temple" or "sanctuary". The third manifestation of divine glory was to take its rise from Paran (Unmutated it is Faran as P/peh is a phonemic merger from the original F/feh in Arabic) is the name of the hills which lie between Mecca, the birth place of the apostle Muhammad PBUH. According to the Old Testament, Ismaa'el (Ishmael), the ancestor of the prophet, lived in this part. Thus we have in Genesis 21:20-21 "And God was with the lad (Ishmael): and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer. And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran.", According to Wahb ibn Munabbih, a compiler of pre-Islamic literature Tal Faran ("Hill of Faran") is the name of the hills location on the outskirts of Mecca, mentioned in his book Kitab al-Tijan, Tal Faran is described as the " 'mound of the Two runaways', a place where the Jurhum tribe found Hagar and Ismaa'el (Ishmael) and thought of them as two runaways. " Teman (Hebrew: תימן), was the name of an Edomite clan and of its eponym, the term is traditionally used in Biblical Hebrew as the synonym of the direction South and was applied to being used as the Hebrew name of Yemen (whose Arabic name is "Yaman") due to its location in the Southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, thus making Yemenite Jews being called "Temanim" in Hebrew. Thus locating Mecca between Teman (South) and Paran (North) , Or Yemen today (Southerrn Arabia) and Teman (hills outside of Mecca). The same location we know today. In addition, the name of Mecca is often claimed to be first recorded by the Greek geographer Ptolemy, who calls it "Macoraba" in the 2nd century AD. Greek has a limited ability of capturing Arabic it is infact "Markorava" (Μακόραβα) and not Macroba as is often written Greek is known to morph to suit tongue of speakers. This phonemic loss occured so early infact Jospehus writes about the ARABSs saying that their names sake is that of 'ABRA'ham because because they have the same letters in Latin, only shifted. This is nonsenseical in reality however because the word for Arab in Arabic is 3-R-B, the 3, being that same letter Ayin in the begining of the original name of jesus, being a lost phoneme becomes 'A', While Ibrahim is written i/A-B-R-A-H-Y-M . Likewisef Ibrahim was mumbed into Abraham in hebrew cause of loss of phonemes. As it it begins with an Alif with a hamza pointing down 'i', ( إ ) a hamza wth Alif pointing up would be 'A', ( أ ) Hebrew has lost Hamza altogether so they just have 'A' now. They're completely unrelated, similarly his first born son, Ismael was mumbled into ishmael since hebrew has no distinction between S and sh. The prophet never followed the ways of polyists before Islam, he followed the way of Ibrahim and were called the Hanifs. And there are even older accounts of Mecca than Ptolemy like the Assyrian inscriptions of Tiglath-Pileser III (8th century BC) as "Makan", a region ruled by the Arab queen Samsi. In the tribute list the ‘king of the land Muṣri’ of Sargon II, Pirʾi is mentioned alongside 'Samsi, queen of the land of the Arabs’ and " Itʾamar, of Sabaya ." Sargon II’s scribes acknowledged in this list that there were two rulers from the vast area of the Arabian Peninsula. Not only that, but the Sabaean population was viewed as a separate entity to the ‘Arabs’ under Samsi’s rule. The 'Arabs' here referring to nomads, the Sabeans were southern Arabians, modem day Yemen. This inscription shows that Mecca was a place where people gave gifts and donations to the temple. These inscriptions confirm that Mecca was a well-known and respected city in ancient South Arabia, and that its location was in the same valley surrounded by mountains as it is today. Languages degrade, they do not "evolve". It is a tool for thinking, not communication, it is what seperates other lifeforms from humans. The mere fact that translation is even possible underlies a common origin for all languages, orca whales seperated from their birth pod are unable to communicate with other whales if they get adopted, they are only able to track the others visually. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic letters Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and italian. I'll compare Arabic and show how Arabic preserves features that are lost or changed in other Semitic languages. |Classical Arabic | 28 consonants, 29 with Hamza and 6 vowels; some consonants are emphatic or pharyngealized; some vowels are marked with diacritics | Complex system of word formation based on roots and patterns; roots are sequences of consonants that carry the basic meaning of a word; patterns are sequences of vowels and affixes that modify the meaning and function of a word | Flexible word order, but VSO is most common; SVO is also possible; subject and object are marked by case endings (-u for nominative, -a for accusative, -i for genitive); verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different moods and aspects | | Akkadian | 22 consonants and 3 vowels; some consonants are glottalized or palatalized; vowels are not marked | Similar system, but with different roots and patterns; some roots have more than three consonants; some patterns have infixes or reduplication | Fixed word order of SVO; subject and object are not marked by case endings, but by prepositions or word order; verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different tenses and aspects | | Aramaic | 22 consonants and 3 vowels (later variants have more); no emphatic or pharyngealized consonants (except in some dialects); vowels are not marked (except in later variants such as Syriac) | Simple system of word formation based on prefixes and suffixes; some roots or patterns exist, but are less productive than in Arabic or Akkadian | Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later with the true name after it had been long forgotten? God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
@@mznxbcv12345 1. While the exact location might be debatable, mount horeb and mount sinai are the same place. In fact, sinai/sinei (סְנֶה) means "bush," Horeb/herev (חֶרֶב) means "sword". The name of the place depends on what event you want to emphasize on. Sinai could allude to the burning bush, horeb could refer to the bloody massacre after the israelites made the golden calf. 2. The midianites are not ishamaelites. Genesis 25 describes Midian as one of the sons of keturah, not part of ishmael's family. Genesis 37 tells a story where some midianites found Joseph in a pit and then sold them to ishmaelites. Why is this possible? well because they are not the same people. 3. The wilderness of Paran and Edom/Teman were indeed located south of Israel, but theyre not always associated to Ishmaelites. The temanites were a jewish tribe, and the wilderness of paran was known to be a place of hardship. Most of the location here is thought to be somewhere in modern day Israel, Jordania, and Egypt. Only including a small part of northern saudi arabia. 4. Mecca has nothing to do with any of this. It is not mentioned in OT because its thousands of kilometer away. Just because a place is called "Faran" doesnt mean its related to the biblical Paran. There are multiple places named Faran today. 5. If you want to say that arabic is a conservative language then go ahead. But semitic languages in general share some of ancient features with proto semitic. A number of modern languages today, in fact, retain ancient features. That doesnt mean they are "holy" languages. Jesus/Isho did not speak arabic, and it does not matter how the quran spells His name. He calls God as Father, which would be a blasphemy in islam. He started the first eucharist to replace the blood sacrifice, which would be unknown in islam. He forgave people's sins, which would be strange in islam. He simply did not acknowledge islamic teachings because there was no islam yet. Arabic is just a language, and God did not send another angel to muhammad.
What about the western part of Syrian coast up till Turkey? Isn’t considered Phoenician territory as well? It has an island that is called ‘Arwad’, which means ‘shelter’ in -I guess- Phoenician language. People of this island and the current city that is administratively belong to now have a dialect that is much closer to Tripoli population, more specifically ‘El minye’ city next to Tripoli.
I wish people would stop insisting that these ancient languages had no vowels. You can call them semi-vowels or weak consonants or whatever, but if an alignment, was or ya do duty as vowels, they are vowels in those particular cases.
Pretty fun how gamma went guh but Etruscan didn't go guh they went kuh so made it C. But the Romans went guh and kuh, so Spurius Carvilius Ruga decided in the 3rd century b.c., that C should have a bit on the end when it goes guh. We follow his example on to this very day.
@@phylophiler3168 the runic alphabet was most likely influenced by or based on old italic scripts which were based on greek and therefore Phoenician, so that makes sense actually.
probably because modern descendants of Phoenician like Arabic and Hebrew are also abjads (consonantal alphabets) and work the same way. they even share similar methods of marking vowels such as mater lectionis (marking end vowels with 𐤄 or using 𐤅 and 𐤉 to mark diphthongs and long vowels).
@@itsukizy How do we know that all the letters possible were used? There were so few inscriptions in Phoenician that happened to have written some standard phrases using that limited number of letters
Not really understanding why you neglected to include the heavy Egyptian influence on the Phoenician alphabet. Almost seemed as if you were implying the Phoenicians were the first to create the alphabet when that is not true.
Arabs: our letters are simple to write but hard to pronounce Muslim sindhis: how about we add extra EXTRA dots for more complicated sounds?(sindhi sounds are a headache for a learner)
The *Urdu* alphabet, also called Nastaliq after the writing style, is ABSOLUTE PERFECTION when it comes to using the Arabic script for an Indo-Aryan originated Persianate language.
Thanks for the video. To answer your question about where are we heading. It looks like we're going back to use pictograms again. Emojis and icons are very efficient and universal 😅
Guess why the Chinese are using their ideographic script. It is universal and it can be used to write any language or dialect. Languages that are written phonetically, require constant updates to reflect pronunciation changes. Chinese doesn't need updates because ideographs don't represent sounds. In essence, Chinese letters are abbreviated emoji.
1:09 It should me mentioned that Greeks had developed other non alphabetic scripts, for example the syllabic Linear B'. Greek is the only European language that has documents in a non alphabetic script.
@@Αναστάσιος-σ8υ Sorry. There is no mainstream theory that supports that. It's likely it developed on its own, with some influence from surrounding cultures, especially Egypt, or that it was directly derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics
They're very similar because the Hebrew script derived directly from the Phoenician alphabet. They both have 22 consonants too, with no representation of vowel marks..
You did a good job summarizing; The Phoenecians based their writing systhem on hieroglyphs. Egyptian hieroglyphics also uses sound characters, has no vowels, but has pictures as well, to make the meaning more clear. It could be compared to our use of letters and emoticons. During the classical period a revolution happened in writing: Paper and leather began being used for writing. Before that stone, clay and wax where the preffered surfaces to write on. Pointy letters don't really work well on leather; So the letters became rounder, and more connected. Untill people invented cursive writing; Ideal for paper. About a quarter of Arabic words are from Aramaic. Since the Nabateans where an ally of the Aramaic speaking Perisan empire; They adopted Aramaic writing, and their various cursives. Which they modified untill we got Naksh Arabic script.
@@ariebrons7976 the arabs used many scripts before the one we currently have. The Yemeni musnad is probably the oldest but there's also thamudic and many others. They even found arabic inscriptions written with hirioglyiphs and greek in the Arab peninsula.
Nice video, but you do make it seem as if the Phoenicians created their abjad from scratch, while in fact it's been used in one form or another by other Semitic peoples for centuries earlier, and ultimately originates from Egyptian hieroglyphs.
if only there was a name for an alphabet with no vowel... oh yeah, it's called an abjad. the phoenician was also not invented from nothing, but from egyptian hieroglyphs
Canaanite (Punic/Phoenic) script came from MDW NTR (Hieroglyphs). Prior to the Persian invasions, Canaanites, Egyptians and Kushites all shared the same material culture, to the extent that even the Canaanite gods looked Nilotic until 500 b.c. This probably the reality behind why all three are considered brothers in the Hebrew book of Genesis 10:6.
When you show pictures to support your argument, please be precise and do not show anachronic pictures like the one with the nomade on horse back holding a rifle and pretending to picture people around 2000 years ago
@@sauryangupta4628 that's what I have guessed, thanks for confirming. I am really enthusiastic about Indo Aryan languages specially Urdu, Haryanvi, Punjabi, Kauravi etc.
No it’s not, it’s literally Arabic language even the way you build the sentence is just like Arabic form The alphabet the vocabulary is completely Arabic
Heyy your video was just recommended to me! It's such a coincidence... I know you because my mom (paula matar) asked you to talk about something at our school last year i think? I remember seeing your name in her contacts😅 anyways your ytb content is cool :)
Hello Thiago. Yes, it's still called an alphabet, even if it doesn't have vowels explicitly written. The term "alphabet" refers to a writing system where symbols (letters) represent individual sounds (phonemes). In the case of scripts like Phoenician, Aramaic, and early Arabic, they are technically abjads, a specific type of alphabet that primarily represents consonants. Vowels are often inferred from context or added later with diacritics.
@@thiagozequim Scientifically there is a difference between Alphabet and Abjad. Alphabets (like Greek) write both consonants and vowels. Abjads (like Arabic) only consonants. Abugida's do something in between: vowels are written into the consonants. The sentence: Hey how are you doing would be written like this: Something like:Hͤ Y Hͦ W ͣR ͤ Yͦ U Dͦͥ NG? In Syllibaries each letter has two sounds: HE HO WA RE YU DO YI NGE Logographs work like this: 😃🤨👉🙍♂ = ? Hey What You Is Health? Clusterf***s are like English: ?E H(3) R(1) =>U Going(G is read like a D) ? Most other writing systhems are combinations of those
Well according to Guinness book for records and Unesco the oldest form of alphabet was the Ugaritic alphabet in Latakia Syria plz correct your information
@@Patrick.Khoury yeah but what I meant is that the Ugaritic alphabet is the Phoenician alphabet the source of all ancient languages and the Phoenician alphabet in Lebanon it's like an accent and btw Phoenicians are not only in Lebanon it was the coast of the levant or the western coast of the Mediterranean from Iskndaron to gaza
@@Patrick.Khourythe point is stop saying that Phoenicians were only in Lebanon cuz cities like yafa haifa akaa Tartous and Latakia have rights to talk Abt them
Th Phoenicians resided all over the East Mediterranean, not just Lebanon. Their language is derived from Arabic and not the other way around. They are but Canaanites that left Arabia as it desertification took over.
Agreed. The Phoenician capital Tyre or more correctly Soor was named after the City of Soor in modern day Oman in East Arabia which still has the same name.
Nope they weren't! they are a result of farmers from Anatolia mixing with the farmers from the levant at the end of the stone age... the Canaanites aka "Phoenicians" were native bronze age levantine people. the levant is the source for arabia human migration not the other way around Semitic people originated in the levant
@@pczone7641 It is believed that people from the same ethnicity who have a similar language develop slightly different genetic patterns based on the place they live in and even develop different accents, dialects and sometimes languages as in the case of the English and German languages. It is also believed that facial features and melanin percentages change in the time span of 10,000 years. So it could be that a higher percentage of Neanderthal genes and separation of humans living in different climates could lead to different melanin percentages as people in cold places needing Vitamin D will have a lighter melanin percentage while people living in hot areas would need more melanin to prevent skin cancer. Read the following excerpts: Similar to other Middle Eastern populations, the indigenous Arabs had higher levels of Neanderthal admixture compared to Africans but had lower levels than Europeans and Asians. These levels of Neanderthal admixture are consistent with an early divergence of Arab ancestors after the out-of-Africa bottleneck but before the major Neanderthal admixture events in Europe and other regions of Eurasia. An open question in the history of human migration is the identity of the earliest Eurasian populations that have left contemporary descendants. The Arabian Peninsula was the initial site of the out-of-Africa migrations that occurred between 125,000 and 60,000 yr ago, leading to the hypothesis that the first Eurasian populations were established on the Peninsula and that contemporary indigenous Arabs are direct descendants of these ancient peoples. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4728368/ A new study, using genetic analysis to look for clues about human migration, suggests that the first modern humans settled in Arabia on their way from the Horn of Africa to the rest of the world. Led by the University of Leeds and the University of Porto in Portugal, the study is published today in American Journal of Human Genetics and provides intriguing insight into the earliest stages of modern human migration, say the researchers. www.leeds.ac.uk/news/article/2858/following_genetic_footprints_out_of_africa Haplogroup J-M304 is found in its greatest concentration in the Arabian peninsula. Outside of this region, haplogroup J-M304 has a significant presence in other parts of the Middle East as well as in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Caucasus. It also has a moderate occurrence in Southern Europe, especially in central and southern Italy, Malta, Greece and Albania. The J-M410 subclade is mostly distributed in Anatolia, Greece and southern Italy. Additionally, J-M304 is observed in Central Asia and South Asia, particularly in the form of its subclade J-M172. J-12f2 and J-P19 are also found among the Herero (8%). en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(Y-DNA)
@@pczone7641this is pure bs Phoenicians were Canaanites and Canaanites were nomads from the Arabian peninsula who migrated later to the green crescent thats literally from wikipedia and Britannica
@@pczone7641 Herodotus believed that the Phoenicians originated from Bahrain,[16][17] a view shared centuries later by the historian Strabo.[18] This theory was accepted by the 19th-century German classicist Arnold Heeren, who noted that Greek geographers described "two islands, named Tyrus or Tylos, and Aradus, which boasted that they were the mother country of the Phoenicians, and exhibited relics of Phoenician temples."[19] The people of modern Tyre in Lebanon, have particularly long maintained Persian Gulf origins, and the similarity in the words "Tylos" and "Tyre" has been commented upon.[20] The Dilmun civilization thrived in Bahrain during the period 2200-1600 BC, as shown by excavations of settlements and the Dilmun burial mounds. However, some scholars note that there is little evidence Bahrain was occupied during the time when such migration had supposedly taken place.[21] Genetic research from 2017 showed that "present-day Lebanese derive most of their ancestry from a Canaanite-related population, which therefore implies substantial genetic continuity in the Levant since at least the Bronze Age" based on ancient DNA samples from skeletons found in modern-day Lebanon.[22] However, this study did not look at Arabian genetic history, and an even more recent study highlighted the high relatedness of Arabians with coastal Levantines, showing that Arabian hunter-gatherers derive most of their ancestry from Neolithic Levantines, and that modern inhabitants of the UAE derive a greater amount of their ancestry from Neolithic Levantines than do modern Levantines. While modern Lebanese derive over 90% of their ancestry from Bronze Age Sidonians, Emiratis derive 75% of their DNA from Bronze Age Sidon in Lebanon and 25% from Arabian hunter-gatherers who were highly related to the Natufians, or Neolithic Levantines.
Modern day Lebanon, the western coast of Syria and Arwad, and coastal Palestine... They weren't confined in the borders of modern day Lebanon lol... and don't forget they didn't exist in inland Lebanon, Syria, or Palestine. They lived in the coastal region of the Levant.
@ Eww These were barbaric dark ages’s moחkeys not Arabs , We talked about Semitic area in the east , people you mention has nothing to do with us I know your comment is you trying being ironic but stfu and go read history books id!ot They were arabs seafarers and traders of the Cannan whi ruled and brought civilization to the Mediterranean area and coast , and their language is old Arabic We don’t claims what already us It’s our history don’t try telling us what our history was
@@earthling1332 Eww These were barbaric dark ages’s moחkeys not Arabs , We talked about Semitic area in the east , people you mention has nothing to do with us I know you comment is you trying being ironic but stfu and go read history books id!ot They were arabs seafarers and traders of the Cannan whi ruled and brought civilization to the Mediterranean area and coast , and their language is old Arabic We don’t claims what already us It’s our history don’t try telling us what our history wasq
Their name that they held is Canaanites not Phoenicians . In your orientalist presentation you chose to call them as Europeans did not as who they were. The Second issue is that Canaanites are ancient Arabs both sharing the same alphabet that is the ancient Mussnad. Inscriptions in Thamoudic Mussnad date from before 2000 BCE. It is the Europeans who took alphabets , culture , civilisation and religion from the region , So being a copy cat is national sport in European countries not in the centre of the world were civilisation began In Canaan, Yemen and Mesopotamia all with the same 29 characters , shared root words and syntax . Those are all original owners of their shared heritage the rest as Aramaic , Greeks and Romans are the copy cats.
الفينيقيون هم فقط اللبنانيون، يعني الجماعة اللي ساكنين في السماقية شمال لبنان الحالية فينيقيون لكن سكان بني النعيم في سوريا ليسوا فينقيين (بين القريتين 1 كم)...... أنا أتجنب الحديث عن حدود لبنان الجنوبية (التي هي أكثر فينيقة). مؤسف أن يلجأ البعض إلى هكذا إنهزامية وتنصل من الأصل (إن كان الاصل فينيقيا).
"Phoenician to Aramaic, Nabatean, and finally Arabic" is all good except the "Nabatean, and finally Arabic" part. Nabateans are Arabs and spoke Arabic m they created the first form of today Arabic. Maybe Nabatean to Modern Arabic is more accurate
On 3:15, your argument doesn’t hold at all. Contrary to what you pretend, the Nabatian Alef still looks much like the early Aramaic letter and not at all like the Arabic Alef. At 4:00 I stopped watching your video because of too many mistakes. Sorry
@HabibAkili No it's not. Just open up the article "Proto-Sinaitic script" on Wikipedia - there's a very good table showing how this alphabet evolved from the hieroglyphs.
@saszab Wikipedia is not an ultimate source of such a debate. First you need linguists specialized in ancient ''alphabets'' . And my négation Comes from thé fact that hyrogliph is a syllable associated to a pictorial sign ...giving a word.. Phoenician IS more of an abstract sign with one sound ..multiple signs give a word that has no relation to a picture .... Phoenician alphabet Comes from a more practical and ''democratic'' mindset It was meant to be spread learnt and used by a maximum of people ( even by non Phoenicians) Hieroglyph was a hermetic and élitiste alphabet meant for the privileged few.
@@HabibAkili humm sorry to break it to you but, with just a few research (no Wikipedia involved), i find that the Phoenicians were influenced by Egypt and that they simplified hieroglyphs. And that's generally what happens, it starts with a logography that then evolves into something more flexible.
Thanks, you missed the point where you said dots were added before the Quran's revelation, yet, you showed an old Quran page without dots. You lost the plot there
their is no relation between phoenicians and arabs and concerning the languagues ,its a travel of words and sounds < HIMIARI language is closed to arabic but since they are black arabs want no bound with them .
the phoenicians did not invent the phoenicians script, this exact same script was used by all the different canaanite kingdoms/tribes (like the Israelite Moabite, and Edomite etc)
Phoenician alphabet not have direct relation with Arabic. Arabic came from ARAMI-ILAMI. Than the font came from Persian. (dot/point on letters belong only to Farsi at that era) & ARAMI-ILAMI font when convert to Arabic name was Kufi (without the dot/point). so you share #misinformation/#disinformation. shame on you 👎 @Patrick.Khoury
@hamadico They can believe what they want. I think it could have been cooler if the video also showed why they think that, instead of talking like fact, this is also common with many channels, they give theories, no evidence for them, and people believe that. Perhaps it's the truth, the thing is how one knows. And i think a lot of archeology is by necessity based on assumption. Which may lead to mistakes. The only way to know for sure is have a record of the actual events written at the time, then compare it with the assumptions of modern people looking back... but we don't hace acces to those resources yet... I'm simply agnostic on this tbh.
@@r.thunder I am a native Arabic speaker. Please tell me which information is wrong by giving me your arguments and the evidence. I am ready to debate you. Respectfully.
@@r.thunder However if your argument is that no one entered Mecca to modify Arabic and that Arabic is a holy divine language that evolved on it's own then don't sweat it.
Hi and good morning to you dear love one Patrick Q as Gafe=100 and Vava = 6 and Lam=30 all together are 136= QOAL in Arabic is TELL which the God Allah ...say to you QOAL my dear when the human think about space could not see that it bring the idea to the form the first three angel Sumerian language was developed also PARSI the second one square as Hebrew as PARSI also the third one circular as Parsi and Arabic concept of space understanding to become language as AIR element as flay as angels as carrier of the knowledge of knowing for concoction and communication for unity to work to gather Farvahar the symbol of man flying in the form of angel Zaroasterin symbol (FARVAHAR) this is the roots and the trunk of the tree of language in that area the bird can seat on branchs not the root and the trunk the trunk and the roots holding the branches with love and respect to you dear Patrick
Into Arabic ! BULLSHIT No one has entered Makkah and affected them languages complexity can never go up, it goes down, from higher to lower Arabic is the most complex and organized, and it is not a result of evolution because humans tends to ease their language
@Patrick.Khoury oh really how about the migration from makkah to yemen then to north you can never be certain about the direction and there is no evidence about the direction, its only in your head
@@SketchyGhettoSpic No, the Proto-Sinaitic script is not a "Jewish invention." It is an early script, dated to around the 19th-15th centuries BCE, and is considered one of the first alphabetic writing systems. It developed in the Sinai Peninsula, likely by Semitic-speaking workers or miners who adapted Egyptian hieroglyphs to create a more phonetic script suited to their own language. My next video will be on the Proto-Sinaitic script. Please don't forget to watch it. Respectfully, Patrick
Interestingly, in Jewish Rabbinic literature, the old paleo-Heberew script from the First Temple period is called "Ktav Ivri" aka "Hebrew script" while the later Aramaic-influenced one from the Second Temple period (which is used in modern Hebrew) is called "ktav Ashuri" aka Assyrian script
الكتابة العربية أقرب للسريانية. المخطوطات القرآنية القديمة تبين أن العربية كانت تكتب بدون نقاط. و يقال ان النقاط وضعت للعجم حتى يتمكنوا من قراءة العربية بسهولة. أما العربية التي نكتبها بالطريقة المعاصرة فقد طورها العثمانيون و ليس العرب، حيث أن العثمانيين كانوا يكتبون اللغة العثمانية بأحرف عربية، و الخط العربي يسمى خطأ بهذا الاسم فهو في الحقيقة خط عثماني و عندما تفتح أي مصحف ستجد فيه مكتوب بالخط العثماني. هناك خطوط أخرى و لكن لا أحد منها تطور عند العرب( في شبه الجزيرة) بل جميعها تطور عند العجم( الكوفي والفارسي في العراق و ايران) الديواني( الدولة العثمانية)، الاندلسي في الاندلس. هناك نقطة مهمة لم تتكلم عنها و هي ماهي الاحرف الفينيقية التي هي عبارة عن كلمات مثلا ألف= ثور، بيت= منزل، عين = 👁️، شين = سن، جيمل = جمل، داليت = سقف على ما أظن، نون = سمكة...الخ. هذه الكلمات لا يعرفها العرب الذين يقولون أن الأبجدية عربية.
من اين اتيت بهذا الكلام الغريب و العجيب ؟ الخط العثماني نسبة الى الخليفة عثمان بن عفان و ليس الى الامبراطورية العثمانية الرسم العثماني هو الطريقة التي ارتضاها عثمان بن عفان رضي الله عنه وأصحابه في كتابة كلمات القرءان الكريم، ورسم حروفه في المصاحف التي أرسلها إلى الأمصار.
@mujemoabraham6522 what does the ottoman empire have to do with anything? Syriac and other Aramaic scripts/dialects were around for centuries before the ottomans
@@drunklittlesheep Are you drunk ? You should direct your comment to @boomrang9503 instead of me , ask him this question and not me .🤣🤣 اقرأ تعليقي عدة مرات حتى تفهم ما كتبت ولا تستعجل في الرد حتى لا تقع في اخطاء مضحكة
Quran 55:3-4: He created man. He taught him speech/eloquence. If you study the works of Noam Chomsky linguists discovered that humans learn speech due to a program that already exists in the brain designed to acquire it!!!
Dots were not actually part of arabic for a long time,i heard it was made by a muslim arab to help other muslim read it and to preserve quran,
@@Azothoth827 you Are correct !
It was shortly after the death of the prophet, around the second half of the 7th century!
@@SamBalino I have written farsi without the dots to express myself and usually secrets, 1 i m the only one that speaks farsi in the ENTIRE family and 2 only i can know the dots🤭
Yes that's what we are taught in schools, until inscriptions that have dots dated before Islam were found recently.
@@Azothoth827 no, there's pre Islamic evidence of dots but was not widespread. It became standard in Arabic until after Islam to help reading Quran
Good video. Just to add a note about the alphabet's history, since some people have asked about it. The Phoenicians inherited their alphabet from their Canaanite ancestors, who had invented the Proto-Canaanite script (aka Proto-Sinaitic script). The Canaanites themselves had adapted the shapes of their letters from the Egyptian hieroglyphics, but hieroglyphics itself is not an alphabet (it's rather a pictographic system, which pieces together names of pictures to form words). But the Canaanites were the first people to take the step towards representing individual sounds with individual symbols (letters). This is a straightforward, simplified method of representation, and of course it's the same one we use today. The Phoenicians took the Proto-Canaanite script and standardized the shape and direction of the letters before spreading it far and wide. This is why we call the Phoenician alphabet the world's first alphabet. The script you're reading right now ultimately traces back to it as well, as Patrick described in the vid.
As a Lebanese-descended Brazilian currently learning Arabic, I loved discovering your channel.
Phoenicians called themselves Canaanites and their land was known to them as Canaan whereas the name Phoenicians “Punic” was given to them by the Greeks.
Recent genetic analysis prove that Phoenicians are Canaanites
True, but I beleive punic was rather used for carthaginians specifically.
Canaanites Amorites also
@@angosalvo5734it's like American Australian and British. Arabs with different flavors
@@angosalvo5734 Punic is Pheonic (without the suffix ian), its the same word, the -ian suffix is not in any Semite language. in Arabic it Finiq, in Hebrew its Pinik.
Excellent.
But where did the Phoenicians take the Alphabet from? = from Kanan (Palastine) from Mesopotamia (Iraq).
@@user-mhmd-ibrhm They were inspired by Egyptian hieroglyphs primarily since they had great ties with pharaon Egypt..
@@Patrick.Khoury
Agreed.
Thanks Patrick.❤
@@user-mhmd-ibrhm With much pleasure Sir 💚
They didn't "take" the alphabet. The inherited it from their Canaanite ancestors. The Proto-Sinaitic script, which was the proto script of the Phoenician alphabet, is also called Proto-Canaanite. This is because it was invented by the Canaanites. The Phoenicians were a group of Canaanites as well, albeit with their own culture. Now, it is true that the Canaanites took inspiration from the hieroglyphics, but this in itself was not an alphabet (it's a pictographic system). The Canaanites were the first people to take the step towards representing individual sounds with individual symbols (letters). They are rightfully credited for this invention, and the Phoenicians perfected and spread it. This is why we call the Phoenician alphabet the first alphabet.
@@Patrick.Khoury According to Islam Egypt is known as the land of prophets. You can find many tombs there.
You should do a video where you compare the evolution of Phoenician letters from their proto-sinaitic ancestor and mutiple decendant languages like Greek Latin Hebrew and Syriac
Great idea! 💡
I've wanted to see something like that for years
@@Patrick.KhouryI find it very strange how everyone jumps over The Eritrean Ethiopian Script , and the zabur cursive script with the oldest inscriptions found in Eritrea, maybe some narratives don't fit in with history
There are two Phoenician cities named Sur, one in Oman and the other in Lebanon. Sinbad (who showed Vasco da Gama the way to India) lived his entire life in the Omani city of Sur.
The Lebanese (Phoenicians) standardized the direction and shape of the Proto-Sinaitic letters. Hence, they had a hand in its development. They also spread it, as correctly stated in the vid. Therefore, the Phoenician alphabet is rightfully called the world's first alphabet.
The first distinct alphabet in history is the Ugaritic alphabet. You could argue that it's also considered Phoenician as Ugarit was on the northern borders of Phoenicia.
The alphabet you showed in your video was developed from the Ugaritic alphabet which in turn was developed from the Proto-Sinaitic script.
@@badernauman Ugaritic has different origins. It's descended from Cuneiform. It also wasn't an alphabet, but an abjad, like the Phoenician script. While Ugaritic may have influenced other scripts, the Phoenician abjad has its origins in Egyptian Hieroglyphs.
While Ugaritic might've had one of the first sound-based writing systems, it wasn't the first alphabet. What divides an alphabet from an abjad (and abugida, for that matter) is having equal weight given to both consonants and vowels.
@@talideon Alphabest and Abjads are too similar though, so I think it's not wrong to count them as one.
A very nice video, I've subscribed too, keep the good work up
@@MohammedAlduais-m3e many thanks!!
nice channel. support from Syria!
@@abito5434 Many thanks!! 💚
Great video 7abibi
@@Oryxnations 💚
Interesting, due to the existence of Canaanites/Phoenicians in here north Africa, specifically in present-day Tunisia, under the name of Carthage, they interacted with the native population, thus, this interaction contributed to the creation of the Tifinagh alphabet (the Amazigh language writing system) (correct me if I am wrong😅)
@@Bellarej350 Tifinagh is the specific alphabet of the Tuareg and does not exist on the northern sides of Africa. There are concordances between the true Tifinagh and the Thamoud script. The neo Tifinagh which was invented in the 20th century is not understandable by the Tuaregs
Thank you so much for the valuable content! Beautiful indeed.
Would love to see the Proto-Sinaitic Alphabet covered too!
@@Caution40404 Thanks!!! Well noted 🥰
Old alphabet in tel al-marrah in Syria 2400BCE
Great video
@@ryansalloom9505 Appreciated, Ryan!
Who turner Alef to Alfa before the Greeks were the people who spoke Aramaic. Because אלף became אלפא, and it is a distinctive feature found between Hebrew/Punic words and Aramaic (the addition of a final Alef). So Greeks only imported the Aramaic innovation.
Thank you for making this video. I always love to learn about the real history of my language. I say real because all the history I've been taught in school is false. It's only made to praise Islam and the Islamic conquest and make it look good. The Arabs claim the language has always been like this since Adam, and people in heaven speak only Arabic so they refuse the idea of language evolution because it's the language of the Quran, so as a result we all ended up speaking what we call dialects and refusing to leave behind formal and classic Arabic even though it's become completely foreign to us (i.e no one really speaks it) instead of formalizing the spoken forms and accepting the truth. But anyway I still enjoy the classic Arabic peotry unless it involves religious contexts 😄
"The Arabs claim the language has always been like this since Adam"
-Met maybe two Arabs online who made this claim
@Emiral-Mundhir depends on which Arabs you mean. If you meet Arabs speaking English then the possibility of representing real Arabs is very low. That's also true with Muslims who go to the west. they make Islam look really good and appealing when everyone here is filled with absurdities and hatred towards the west Kuffar.
where'd you get the image of the list from phonecian to arabic? I want to inspect it and study it please!
Arabic language originated in Yemen and the oldest form of Arabic no one knows on earth how old it is .thank you
“Arabic originated in Yemen” but people in Yemen didn’t speak Arabic until after Islam was forced there
Bro people speaks Arabic way before Islam how they understood the language then tel me by force please!hhhhhhh you so funny 🤣
@@sneakattack8274 Yemenis spoke pre Islamic Semitic languages, Arabic was spread post Islam
Very interesting! Around what century BC this Alphabet was created?
@@MeganAnderson-l1s Around 1050 BCE
If the Nabataean dotted letter appeared in the 4th century CE, why the first scripts of the Quran were undotted? I think they added the dots much later.
Dotted and not dotted were used by Arabs around the region.
Nonsense
The "Aramaic" word for God is "Alaha" too sounds familiar?
Written without the confusing vowels it is written A-L-H ܐ ܠܗܐ (alap-lamed-he) as found in Targum or in Tanakh (Daniel, Ezra), Syriac Aramaic (Peshitta), reduced from the Arabic original (of which Aramaic is a dialect continuum as will be explained) it is written in the Arabic script 'A-L-L-H' (Aleph-Lam-Lam-Ha) add an A before the last H for vocalization.
The word God in another rendition in Hebrew ʾĕlōah is derived from a base ʾilāh, an Arabic word, written without confusing vowel it is A-L-H in the Arabic script, pronounced ilah not eloah. Hebrew dropped the glottal stop and mumbled it, aramic mumbled a little less and it became elaha. Infact both are written written A-L-H in Arabic, it is pronounced i in Arabic and not A because it is an Alef with hamza below (إ أ ) They are two different forms of Alef. And it mean "a god", it is the non definitive form of A-L-L-H, in which the Alef is without a glottal stop/hamza,(ا), but this kind of nuance is lost in the dialect continua.
infact "YHWH" itself is an Arabic word as discussed by Professor. Israel Knohl (Professor of Biblical studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) in the paper" YHWH: The Original Arabic Meaning of the Name."
jesus as his name is often misspelled due to the lack of the ayin sound in Greek, which was rendered to Iesous, coupling the nearest sound to ayin, same letter found in 'Iraq', which sounds entirely different in Arabic form 'Iran' in Arabic, with the -ous Greek suffix that Greeks typically add to their names 'HerodotOS', 'PlotinUS', 'AchelOUS' and later mumbled into a J. The yeshua rendition of Isa (his name in the Qur'an) PBUH which is purported to be the name of Jesus is KNOWN to had been taken from greek. Western Syriac also use "Isho". Western Aramaic (separate from Syriac which is a dialect of Eastern Aramaic) use "Yeshu". Western Syriac has been separate from Western Aramaic for about 1000 years. And sounds don't even match up. Syriac is a Christian liturgical language yet the four letters of the name of Jesus «ܝܫܘܥ» [ = Judeo-Babylonian Aramaic: «ישוע» ] sounds totally different in West vs East Syriac, viz. vocalized akin to Christian Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic «ܝܶܫܽܘܥ» (Yēšūʿ) in West Syriac, but pronounced more akin to Muslim Arabic Quran character name Isa in East Syriac «ܝܑܼܫܘܿܥ» (ʾĪšōʿ). The reason for this confusion is their dropping of phonemes. Only someone that has no idea what the letters are or how they sound would have a name ending in a pharyngeal fricative like the ayin, if it were to be used in a name it would have had to be in the beginning, thus the Arabic rendition is the correct one. An example in English is how the appended -d is a common error amongst the English pronouncing Gaelic names. The name Donald arose from a common English mispronunciation of the Gaelic name Donal. Just how it is with donal becoming donald and the two becoming distinct and the original being regarded as something seperate so too did Isa PBUH turn to Iesous turn to jesus and when they tried going back to the original they confused it for yeshua ( ysu is how it is actually written) for Isa PBUH ( 3'eysah )
Schlözer in his preparation for the Arabia expedition in 1781 coined the term Semitic language:
"From the Mediterranean to the Euphrates, from Mesopotamia to Arabia ruled one language, as is well known. Thus Syrians, Babylonians, Hebrews, and Arabs were one people (ein Volk). Phoenicians (Hamites) also spoke this language, which I would like to call the Semitic (die Semitische)." -Before Boas: The Genesis of Ethnography and Ethnology in the German By Han F. Vermeulen.
He was only half right though, Arabic is the only corollary to "proto-semitic", infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical as will be shown.
"protosemetic" Alphabet (28), Arabic Alphabet (28), Latin transliteration, hebrew (22)
𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼
ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
A b t ṯ j h kh d ḏ r z s sh ṣ ḍ ṭ ẓ ʿ ġ f q k l m n h w y
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת
Merged phonemes in hebrew and aramaic:
ح, خ (h, kh) merged into only kh consonant remain
س, ش (s, sh) merged into only Shin consonant remaining
ط, ظ (ṭ/teth, ẓ) merged into only ṭ/teth consonant remaining
ص, ض (ṣ, ḍ/Tsad ) merged into only ḍ/Tsad consonant remaining
ع, غ (3'ayn, Ghayn) merged into a reducted ayin consonant remaining
ت, ث (t/taw, th) merged into only t/taw consonant remaining
The reason why the protoS alphabet here is 28 and not 29, is because the supposed extra letter is simply a س written in a different position, but it was shoehorned to obfuscated. In Arabic letter shapes are different depending on whether they are in the beginning , middle or end of a word.
As a matter of fact, all of the knowledge needed for deciphering ancient texts and their complexity was derived from the Qur'an. It was by analyzing the syntactic structure of the Qur'an that the Arabic root system was developed. This system was first attested to in Kitab Al-Ayin, the first intralanguage dictionary of its kind, which preceded the Oxford English dictionary by 800 years. It was through this development that the concept of Arabic roots was established and later co-opted into the term 'semitic root,' allowing the decipherment of ancient scripts. In essence, they quite literally copied and pasted the entirety of the Arabic root. Hebrew had been dead, as well as all the other dialects of Arabic, until being 'revived' in a Frankensteinian fashion in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The entire region spoke basically the same language, with mumbled dialect continuums spread about, and Arabic is the oldest form from which all these dialects branched off. As time passed, the language gradually became more degenerate,
Language; When one looks at the actual linguistics, one will find that many were puzzled by the opposite, that is, how the other "semetic" languages were more "evolved" than Arabic, while Arabic had archaic features, not only archaic compared to bibilical Hebrew, Ethiopic, "Aramaic" contemporary "semetic" languages, but even archaic compared to languages from ancient antiquity; Ugaritic, Akkadain. What is meant here by Archaic is not what most readers think, it is Archaic not in the sense that it is simple, but rather that it is complex (think Latin to pig Latin or Italian or Old English, which had genders and case endings to modern English), not only grammatically, but also phonetically; All the so called semitic languages are supposed to have evolved from protosemetic, the Alphabet for protosemitic is that of the so called Ancient South Arabian (which interestingly corresponds with the traditional Arabic origins account) and has 28 Phonemes. Arabic has 28 phonemes. Hebrew has 22, same as Aramaic, and other "semitic" languages. Now pause for a second and think about it, how come Arabic, a language that is supposed to have come so late has the same number of letters as a language that supposedly predates it by over a millennium (Musnad script ~1300 BCE). Not only is the glossary of phonemes more diverse than any other semitic language, but the grammar is more complex, containing more cases and retains what's linguists noted for its antiquity, broken plurals. Indeed, a linguist has once noted that if one were to take everything we know about languages and how they develop, Arabic is older than Akkadian (~2500 BCE).
And then the Qur'an appeared with the oldest possible form of the language thousands of years later. This is why the Arabs of that time were challenged to produce 10 similar verses, and they couldn't. People think it's a miracle because they couldn't do it, but I think the miracle is the language itself. They had never spoken Arabic, nor has any other language before or since had this mathematical precision. And when I say mathematical, I quite literally mean mathematical.
Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later in an alphabet that had never been recorded before, and in the highest form the language had ever taken?
The creator is neither bound by time nor space, therefore the names are uttered as they truly were, in a language that is lexically, syntactically, phonemically, and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing. In fact, that writing appears to have been a simplified version of it. Not only that, but it would be the equivalent of the greatest works of any particular language all appearing in one book, in a perfect script and in the highest form the language could ever take. It is so high in fact, that it had yet to be surpassed despite the fact that over the last millennium the collection of Arabic manuscripts when compared on word-per-word basis in Western Museums alone, when they are compared with the collected Greek and Latin manuscripts combined, the latter does not constitute 1 percent of the former as per German professor Frank Griffel, in addition all in a script that had never been recorded before. Thus, the enlightenment of mankind from barbarism and savagery began, and the age of reason and rationality was born from its study.
God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
@@mznxbcv12345 No. the name yahweh or rather, the tetragrammation of YHWH does not come from arabic. The name itself is older than the arabic language. The actual word in the bible is not yahweh, but rather 'ehye (I am/i will be). The whole sentence ('ehye aser ehye) roughly means "I am who i am". Do you think it makes sense to replace "i am" with "love/passion" here?
There were even references to YHWH in 11th century BC in ancient egypt. Guess what? none of them was written in arabic. So no, its not like people used a time machine to borrow a random arabic word in the future.
While I agree the name "Jesus" is not authentic, neither is the name 'Isa. Jesus spoke aramaic (not arabic) He was most likely named Isho. The name 'Isa was simply adopted from Aramaic Isho. Just like the name Jesus was ultimately adopted from Isho.
Also, you dont need to promote your religion here.
Amazing
The first clue to understanding the "YHWH" name comes from the context of the story of the burning bush in the book of Exodus. After Moses kills an Egyptian and flees from Pharaoh (2.12-15), he ends up in Midian, where he meets the priest of Midian, Reuel (or Jethro), and marries his daughter, Zipporah. While shepherding his father-in-law’s flocks, he sees the burning bush and receives a revelation from God at God’s own mountain: Exodus 3.1 "Moses was tending the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian, and he drove the flock into the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, to Horeb." This context suggests that God’s mountain is not in Israel or in Egypt, but it is in the Horeb wilderness, not far from Midian.
YHWH’s origins are in the Nomad-land of Yehwa among the Midianites, then the meaning of the name should be from the Arabic language family rather than the Hebrew language family. The area described by Ptolemy as Midiana is the same area as biblical Midian, an assumption that can be supported by the biblical connection between Midian and Ishmael. The Midianites were an Arabian tribe; their home base was in Arabia and they are related to Ishmaelites. The book of Judges states this explicitly in the story of Gideon. Judges 8.24 And Gideon said to them, “I have a request to make of you: Each of you give me the earring he received as booty.” (They had golden earrings, for they were 'Ishmaelites'.). The way of Isama'el (his true name unmutated) and Ibrahim (original name of Abraham unmutated ) before him was followed by a minority of the Arabs down to the Prophet Muhammad PBUH, they were called Al-Hunafaa', the "righteous Ones" or the "True Believers".
Based on Egyptian records dating to the 14th century B.C.E., we know that the Midianites were not the only ethnic groups living this these areas. In the geographical list in Amunhotep III’s Soleb Nubian temple, the people of the "Arabah" and the southern Transjordan are called Shaswe (or Shasu). Arabah here, as the name suggesets means "The Arabs", The word shaswe, šꜣsw is written after the Egyptian determinative for “land” ti, showing that the Egyptian text is describing different geographical areas inhabited by various shaswe. One area listed is called Nomad-land Seir, which is identical with the Mount Seir region in Edom. The following name in the list, and thus nearby or contiguous with Seir, was Nomad-land Yehwa, yhwꜣ(w). Biblical evidence suggests that YHWH comes from the southeast, either from the hills of Edom or even further south in Midian or beyond. This is particularly clear in three very ancient biblical poems:
Song of Moses (Deut 33:2) YHWH came from Sinai; He shone upon them from Seir; He appeared from Mount Paran, and approached from Ribeboth-kodesh…
Song of Deborah (Judg 5:4) YHWH, when You came forth from Seir, advanced from the country of Edom, the earth trembled…
Song of Habakkuk (Hab 3:3) God is coming from Teman, the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah….
Paran and Teman, places associated with Ismaa'el (Ishmael) and his descendants. Mecca is attested in some ancient South Arabian inscriptions as Makkah or Makkahum, meaning "temple" or "sanctuary". The third manifestation of divine glory was to take its rise from Paran (Unmutated it is Faran as P/peh is a phonemic merger from the original F/feh in Arabic) is the name of the hills which lie between Mecca, the birth place of the apostle Muhammad PBUH.
According to the Old Testament, Ismaa'el (Ishmael), the ancestor of the prophet, lived in this part. Thus we have in Genesis 21:20-21 "And God was with the lad (Ishmael): and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer. And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran.", According to Wahb ibn Munabbih, a compiler of pre-Islamic literature Tal Faran ("Hill of Faran") is the name of the hills location on the outskirts of Mecca, mentioned in his book Kitab al-Tijan, Tal Faran is described as the " 'mound of the Two runaways', a place where the Jurhum tribe found Hagar and Ismaa'el (Ishmael) and thought of them as two runaways. "
Teman (Hebrew: תימן), was the name of an Edomite clan and of its eponym, the term is traditionally used in Biblical Hebrew as the synonym of the direction South and was applied to being used as the Hebrew name of Yemen (whose Arabic name is "Yaman") due to its location in the Southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, thus making Yemenite Jews being called "Temanim" in Hebrew.
Thus locating Mecca between Teman (South) and Paran (North) , Or Yemen today (Southerrn Arabia) and Teman (hills outside of Mecca). The same location we know today.
In addition, the name of Mecca is often claimed to be first recorded by the Greek geographer Ptolemy, who calls it "Macoraba" in the 2nd century AD. Greek has a limited ability of capturing Arabic it is infact "Markorava" (Μακόραβα) and not Macroba as is often written Greek is known to morph to suit tongue of speakers.
This phonemic loss occured so early infact Jospehus writes about the ARABSs saying that their names sake is that of 'ABRA'ham because because they have the same letters in Latin, only shifted.
This is nonsenseical in reality however because the word for Arab in Arabic is 3-R-B, the 3, being that same letter Ayin in the begining of the original name of jesus, being a lost phoneme becomes 'A',
While Ibrahim is written i/A-B-R-A-H-Y-M .
Likewisef Ibrahim was mumbed into Abraham in hebrew cause of loss of phonemes.
As it it begins with an Alif with a hamza pointing down 'i', ( إ )
a hamza wth Alif pointing up would be 'A', ( أ )
Hebrew has lost Hamza altogether so they just have 'A' now.
They're completely unrelated, similarly his first born son, Ismael was mumbled into ishmael since hebrew has no distinction between S and sh. The prophet never followed the ways of polyists before Islam, he followed the way of Ibrahim and were called the Hanifs.
And there are even older accounts of Mecca than Ptolemy like the Assyrian inscriptions of Tiglath-Pileser III (8th century BC) as "Makan", a region ruled by the Arab queen Samsi. In the tribute list the ‘king of the land Muṣri’ of Sargon II, Pirʾi is mentioned alongside 'Samsi, queen of the land of the Arabs’ and " Itʾamar, of Sabaya ." Sargon II’s scribes acknowledged in this list that there were two rulers from the vast area of the Arabian Peninsula. Not only that, but the Sabaean population was viewed as a separate entity to the ‘Arabs’ under Samsi’s rule. The 'Arabs' here referring to nomads, the Sabeans were southern Arabians, modem day Yemen. This inscription shows that Mecca was a place where people gave gifts and donations to the temple. These inscriptions confirm that Mecca was a well-known and respected city in ancient South Arabia, and that its location was in the same valley surrounded by mountains as it is today.
Languages degrade, they do not "evolve". It is a tool for thinking, not communication, it is what seperates other lifeforms from humans. The mere fact that translation is even possible underlies a common origin for all languages, orca whales seperated from their birth pod are unable to communicate with other whales if they get adopted, they are only able to track the others visually.
Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic letters Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and italian.
I'll compare Arabic and show how Arabic preserves features that are lost or changed in other Semitic languages.
|Classical Arabic | 28 consonants, 29 with Hamza and 6 vowels; some consonants are emphatic or pharyngealized; some vowels are marked with diacritics | Complex system of word formation based on roots and patterns; roots are sequences of consonants that carry the basic meaning of a word; patterns are sequences of vowels and affixes that modify the meaning and function of a word | Flexible word order, but VSO is most common; SVO is also possible; subject and object are marked by case endings (-u for nominative, -a for accusative, -i for genitive); verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different moods and aspects |
| Akkadian | 22 consonants and 3 vowels; some consonants are glottalized or palatalized; vowels are not marked | Similar system, but with different roots and patterns; some roots have more than three consonants; some patterns have infixes or reduplication | Fixed word order of SVO; subject and object are not marked by case endings, but by prepositions or word order; verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different tenses and aspects |
| Aramaic | 22 consonants and 3 vowels (later variants have more); no emphatic or pharyngealized consonants (except in some dialects); vowels are not marked (except in later variants such as Syriac) | Simple system of word formation based on prefixes and suffixes; some roots or patterns exist, but are less productive than in Arabic or Akkadian |
Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later with the true name after it had been long forgotten?
God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
@@mznxbcv12345
1. While the exact location might be debatable, mount horeb and mount sinai are the same place. In fact, sinai/sinei (סְנֶה) means "bush," Horeb/herev (חֶרֶב) means "sword". The name of the place depends on what event you want to emphasize on. Sinai could allude to the burning bush, horeb could refer to the bloody massacre after the israelites made the golden calf.
2. The midianites are not ishamaelites. Genesis 25 describes Midian as one of the sons of keturah, not part of ishmael's family. Genesis 37 tells a story where some midianites found Joseph in a pit and then sold them to ishmaelites. Why is this possible? well because they are not the same people.
3. The wilderness of Paran and Edom/Teman were indeed located south of Israel, but theyre not always associated to Ishmaelites. The temanites were a jewish tribe, and the wilderness of paran was known to be a place of hardship. Most of the location here is thought to be somewhere in modern day Israel, Jordania, and Egypt. Only including a small part of northern saudi arabia.
4. Mecca has nothing to do with any of this. It is not mentioned in OT because its thousands of kilometer away. Just because a place is called "Faran" doesnt mean its related to the biblical Paran. There are multiple places named Faran today.
5. If you want to say that arabic is a conservative language then go ahead. But semitic languages in general share some of ancient features with proto semitic. A number of modern languages today, in fact, retain ancient features. That doesnt mean they are "holy" languages. Jesus/Isho did not speak arabic, and it does not matter how the quran spells His name. He calls God as Father, which would be a blasphemy in islam. He started the first eucharist to replace the blood sacrifice, which would be unknown in islam. He forgave people's sins, which would be strange in islam. He simply did not acknowledge islamic teachings because there was no islam yet.
Arabic is just a language, and God did not send another angel to muhammad.
Weaponized autistics schizophrenia
Love this, thank you so much
@@wizardohjero Glad you liked it!
What about the western part of Syrian coast up till Turkey? Isn’t considered Phoenician territory as well? It has an island that is called ‘Arwad’, which means ‘shelter’ in -I guess- Phoenician language. People of this island and the current city that is administratively belong to now have a dialect that is much closer to Tripoli population, more specifically ‘El minye’ city next to Tripoli.
They were all considered parts of Phoenicia..I shouldn't have said "in what is now modern day Lebanon" in the video. That was a mistake on my end..
I wish people would stop insisting that these ancient languages had no vowels. You can call them semi-vowels or weak consonants or whatever, but if an alignment, was or ya do duty as vowels, they are vowels in those particular cases.
WOW!!!! No mention of hieroglyphic origins....?!!!
Egyptians created their own writing. However, the language is the same, but they too, used the alphabet
How this is connecting spirit from Greece to India ❤
Pretty fun how gamma went guh but Etruscan didn't go guh they went kuh so made it C. But the Romans went guh and kuh, so Spurius Carvilius Ruga decided in the 3rd century b.c., that C should have a bit on the end when it goes guh. We follow his example on to this very day.
Amazing loved that fr
Phoenician letters are based on Egyptian hieroglyphs.
That's a stretch
@@NikoBellaKhouf2 this is not a matter of opinion, the letters where loosely based on Egyptian hieroglyphs.
NO, not true
Something's wrong with the Phenician alphabet. How is everyone sure that it was a consonant alphabet rather than a sillabary?
@@channel_archistoriac I agree with you... What is strange, it is so strikingly similar to the runic alphabet.
@@phylophiler3168 the runic alphabet was most likely influenced by or based on old italic scripts which were based on greek and therefore Phoenician, so that makes sense actually.
probably because modern descendants of Phoenician like Arabic and Hebrew are also abjads (consonantal alphabets) and work the same way. they even share similar methods of marking vowels such as mater lectionis (marking end vowels with 𐤄 or using 𐤅 and 𐤉 to mark diphthongs and long vowels).
also how could it be a syllabary with so few letters?
@@itsukizy How do we know that all the letters possible were used? There were so few inscriptions in Phoenician that happened to have written some standard phrases using that limited number of letters
Not really understanding why you neglected to include the heavy Egyptian influence on the Phoenician alphabet. Almost seemed as if you were implying the Phoenicians were the first to create the alphabet when that is not true.
Arabs: our letters are simple to write but hard to pronounce
Muslim sindhis: how about we add extra EXTRA dots for more complicated sounds?(sindhi sounds are a headache for a learner)
My two cents as a Bengali: Sindhi implosives are hard to understand, but the other consonants are a piece of cake.
@@mottom2657 can you do the sindhi's "GGAF" sound?which is basically like voiced version of "qaf"?
@@Azothoth827 lol dang sindhi is now the second language i know of w that sound besides mongolian.
first time I heard about "sindhis". Just googled to see how it is written. As an arab native speaker I find it fascinating.
The *Urdu* alphabet, also called Nastaliq after the writing style, is ABSOLUTE PERFECTION when it comes to using the Arabic script for an Indo-Aryan originated Persianate language.
Nice. Thanks
@@bibotah 💚
Thanks for the video.
To answer your question about where are we heading. It looks like we're going back to use pictograms again. Emojis and icons are very efficient and universal 😅
Guess why the Chinese are using their ideographic script. It is universal and it can be used to write any language or dialect. Languages that are written phonetically, require constant updates to reflect pronunciation changes. Chinese doesn't need updates because ideographs don't represent sounds.
In essence, Chinese letters are abbreviated emoji.
Very interesting, thank you for sharing
Glad you enjoyed it
1:09
It should me mentioned that Greeks had developed other non alphabetic scripts, for example the syllabic Linear B'. Greek is the only European language that has documents in a non alphabetic script.
@@AthanasiosJapan the Phoenician letters are derived from the Linear B
@@Αναστάσιος-σ8υ Sorry. There is no mainstream theory that supports that. It's likely it developed on its own, with some influence from surrounding cultures, especially Egypt, or that it was directly derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics
What about the Hebrew alphabet how is similar is that to Phoenician alphabet
They're very similar because the Hebrew script derived directly from the Phoenician alphabet. They both have 22 consonants too, with no representation of vowel marks..
You did a good job summarizing;
The Phoenecians based their writing systhem on hieroglyphs.
Egyptian hieroglyphics also uses sound characters, has no vowels,
but has pictures as well, to make the meaning more clear.
It could be compared to our use of letters and emoticons.
During the classical period a revolution happened in writing:
Paper and leather began being used for writing.
Before that stone, clay and wax where the preffered surfaces to write on.
Pointy letters don't really work well on leather;
So the letters became rounder, and more connected.
Untill people invented cursive writing; Ideal for paper.
About a quarter of Arabic words are from Aramaic.
Since the Nabateans where an ally of the Aramaic speaking Perisan empire;
They adopted Aramaic writing, and their various cursives.
Which they modified untill we got Naksh Arabic script.
@@ariebrons7976 the arabs used many scripts before the one we currently have. The Yemeni musnad is probably the oldest but there's also thamudic and many others. They even found arabic inscriptions written with hirioglyiphs and greek in the Arab peninsula.
@@tylerdordon99 Wow
@@ariebrons7976 I recommend Ahmad Al Jallad's videos they are very informative
Nice video, but you do make it seem as if the Phoenicians created their abjad from scratch, while in fact it's been used in one form or another by other Semitic peoples for centuries earlier, and ultimately originates from Egyptian hieroglyphs.
@@silkworm6861 You are right!
Bravo ,Intéressant et très bien exposé ! Merci 👍
Merci
if only there was a name for an alphabet with no vowel... oh yeah, it's called an abjad. the phoenician was also not invented from nothing, but from egyptian hieroglyphs
Amazing content just update the microphone 🎙️
Canaanite (Punic/Phoenic) script came from MDW NTR (Hieroglyphs). Prior to the Persian invasions, Canaanites, Egyptians and Kushites all shared the same material culture, to the extent that even the Canaanite gods looked Nilotic until 500 b.c. This probably the reality behind why all three are considered brothers in the Hebrew book of Genesis 10:6.
Excellent🎉
Nice
@@nziom Thanks!
When you show pictures to support your argument, please be precise and do not show anachronic pictures like the one with the nomade on horse back holding a rifle and pretending to picture people around 2000 years ago
Aleph (alif ا), beth (beh ب) gimm(jeem ج), mem(meem م) , nun(nun ن), ayin(ع), pe(پ), qoph(ق)...and more
الفينيقين عرب وذلك واضح من الأبجدية التي وضعوها ... وكفى تمزيق في امتنا الواحد بمسميات مختلفة لتفريق الأمة
But the south Arabian alphabet developed independently from the Phoenician alphabets and probabilistic independently even from the Sinaitic alphabet!
@@SamBalino true
They developed alongside each other
No
most Urdu/Khariboli speakers in India pronounce ق just like ک .
Its because the q sound doesn't exist in indian languages
@@sauryangupta4628 that's what I have guessed, thanks for confirming. I am really enthusiastic about Indo Aryan languages specially Urdu, Haryanvi, Punjabi, Kauravi etc.
You pronounce the Phoenician leters same as modern day hebrew. Is it how it was pronounced in Phoenician?
@@Rara-ul7rw We cannot know. This is only an assumption.
No it’s not,
it’s literally Arabic language even the way you build the sentence is
just like Arabic form
The alphabet the vocabulary is completely Arabic
@@Lana60loo i speak both hebrew and arabic.
I bet you haven't heard hebrew in your life.
Never knew the early arabs had muskets tucked under their arms! 3.35
Heyy your video was just recommended to me! It's such a coincidence... I know you because my mom (paula matar) asked you to talk about something at our school last year i think? I remember seeing your name in her contacts😅 anyways your ytb content is cool :)
What's your name? I might know you! 🤔🤓
@Patrick.Khoury Lourdes :)
Lourdes😅
Great thanks
You are welcome
Wait khoury? Are you Iranian bro?
@@UnlockedANDunleashed Lebanese
@Patrick.Khoury damn, having globalization teach me backgrounds from the whole world fried my brain
And do we have to thank the Irish for the space between words?
Can we call it an alphabet if it has no vowels?
Hello Thiago. Yes, it's still called an alphabet, even if it doesn't have vowels explicitly written. The term "alphabet" refers to a writing system where symbols (letters) represent individual sounds (phonemes). In the case of scripts like Phoenician, Aramaic, and early Arabic, they are technically abjads, a specific type of alphabet that primarily represents consonants. Vowels are often inferred from context or added later with diacritics.
@Patrick.Khoury thanks
@@thiagozequim Scientifically there is a difference between Alphabet and Abjad.
Alphabets (like Greek) write both consonants and vowels.
Abjads (like Arabic) only consonants.
Abugida's do something in between: vowels are written into the consonants.
The sentence: Hey how are you doing would be written like this:
Something like:Hͤ Y Hͦ W ͣR ͤ Yͦ U Dͦͥ NG?
In Syllibaries each letter has two sounds:
HE HO WA RE YU DO YI NGE
Logographs work like this:
😃🤨👉🙍♂ = ?
Hey What You Is Health?
Clusterf***s are like English:
?E H(3) R(1) =>U Going(G is read like a D) ?
Most other writing systhems are combinations of those
Hebrew speakers can understand Phoenician language.
@@sh0erick_squishy No they can't.
@@sh0erick_squishy And for the record, we don't know how phoenician sounded like.
@@Patrick.Khoury ruclips.net/video/ohC0vwAh330/видео.html
@@Patrick.Khoury linguistics have made some pretty good reconstruction. Obviously we don't know know but it's academicly sound
@@sh0erick_squishy no lol
Well according to Guinness book for records and Unesco the oldest form of alphabet was the Ugaritic alphabet in Latakia Syria plz correct your information
@@AB134ufc I didn't say Phoenician is the oldest. Plz pay more attention.
@@Patrick.Khoury yeah but what I meant is that the Ugaritic alphabet is the Phoenician alphabet the source of all ancient languages and the Phoenician alphabet in Lebanon it's like an accent and btw Phoenicians are not only in Lebanon it was the coast of the levant or the western coast of the Mediterranean from Iskndaron to gaza
And u said master of alphabet makers which is wrong 🫶@@Patrick.Khoury
@@Patrick.Khourythe point is stop saying that Phoenicians were only in Lebanon cuz cities like yafa haifa akaa Tartous and Latakia have rights to talk Abt them
@AB134ufc okay
زبردست مواد ہے
Super interesting♥️
Glad you think so!
Th Phoenicians resided all over the East Mediterranean, not just Lebanon. Their language is derived from Arabic and not the other way around. They are but Canaanites that left Arabia as it desertification took over.
@@jamal9042 Noo it didn't derive from Arabic!
Arabic is the youngest semitic language in the middle east, so it’s impossible for those earlier languages to derive from.
Love from Afghanistan
@@abdhaigardez5680 🇦🇫💚♥️🖤🇱🇧
The Phoncienans were Semitic people from the eastern region of Arabian Peninsula, who migrated to the levant.
Agreed.
The Phoenician capital Tyre or more correctly Soor was named after the City of Soor in modern day Oman in East Arabia which still has the same name.
Nope they weren't! they are a result of farmers from Anatolia mixing with the farmers from the levant at the end of the stone age... the Canaanites aka "Phoenicians" were native bronze age levantine people.
the levant is the source for arabia human migration not the other way around Semitic people originated in the levant
@@pczone7641
It is believed that people from the same ethnicity who have a similar language develop slightly different genetic patterns based on the place they live in and even develop different accents, dialects and sometimes languages as in the case of the English and German languages. It is also believed that facial features and melanin percentages change in the time span of 10,000 years. So it could be that a higher percentage of Neanderthal genes and separation of humans living in different climates could lead to different melanin percentages as people in cold places needing Vitamin D will have a lighter melanin percentage while people living in hot areas would need more melanin to prevent skin cancer.
Read the following excerpts:
Similar to other Middle Eastern populations, the indigenous Arabs had higher levels of Neanderthal admixture compared to Africans but had lower levels than Europeans and Asians.
These levels of Neanderthal admixture are consistent with an early divergence of Arab ancestors after the out-of-Africa bottleneck but before the major Neanderthal admixture events in Europe and other regions of Eurasia. An open question in the history of human migration is the identity of the earliest Eurasian populations that have left contemporary descendants. The Arabian Peninsula was the initial site of the out-of-Africa migrations that occurred between 125,000 and 60,000 yr ago, leading to the hypothesis that the first Eurasian populations were established on the Peninsula and that contemporary indigenous Arabs are direct descendants of these ancient peoples. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4728368/
A new study, using genetic analysis to look for clues about human migration, suggests that the first modern humans settled in Arabia on their way from the Horn of Africa to the rest of the world.
Led by the University of Leeds and the University of Porto in Portugal, the study is published today in American Journal of Human Genetics and provides intriguing insight into the earliest stages of modern human migration, say the researchers.
www.leeds.ac.uk/news/article/2858/following_genetic_footprints_out_of_africa
Haplogroup J-M304 is found in its greatest concentration in the Arabian peninsula. Outside of this region, haplogroup J-M304 has a significant presence in other parts of the Middle East as well as in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Caucasus. It also has a moderate occurrence in Southern Europe, especially in central and southern Italy, Malta, Greece and Albania. The J-M410 subclade is mostly distributed in Anatolia, Greece and southern Italy. Additionally, J-M304 is observed in Central Asia and South Asia, particularly in the form of its subclade J-M172. J-12f2 and J-P19 are also found among the Herero (8%).
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(Y-DNA)
@@pczone7641this is pure bs Phoenicians were Canaanites and Canaanites were nomads from the Arabian peninsula who migrated later to the green crescent thats literally from wikipedia and Britannica
@@pczone7641 Herodotus believed that the Phoenicians originated from Bahrain,[16][17] a view shared centuries later by the historian Strabo.[18] This theory was accepted by the 19th-century German classicist Arnold Heeren, who noted that Greek geographers described "two islands, named Tyrus or Tylos, and Aradus, which boasted that they were the mother country of the Phoenicians, and exhibited relics of Phoenician temples."[19] The people of modern Tyre in Lebanon, have particularly long maintained Persian Gulf origins, and the similarity in the words "Tylos" and "Tyre" has been commented upon.[20] The Dilmun civilization thrived in Bahrain during the period 2200-1600 BC, as shown by excavations of settlements and the Dilmun burial mounds. However, some scholars note that there is little evidence Bahrain was occupied during the time when such migration had supposedly taken place.[21] Genetic research from 2017 showed that "present-day Lebanese derive most of their ancestry from a Canaanite-related population, which therefore implies substantial genetic continuity in the Levant since at least the Bronze Age" based on ancient DNA samples from skeletons found in modern-day Lebanon.[22] However, this study did not look at Arabian genetic history, and an even more recent study highlighted the high relatedness of Arabians with coastal Levantines, showing that Arabian hunter-gatherers derive most of their ancestry from Neolithic Levantines, and that modern inhabitants of the UAE derive a greater amount of their ancestry from Neolithic Levantines than do modern Levantines. While modern Lebanese derive over 90% of their ancestry from Bronze Age Sidonians, Emiratis derive 75% of their DNA from Bronze Age Sidon in Lebanon and 25% from Arabian hunter-gatherers who were highly related to the Natufians, or Neolithic Levantines.
Modern day Lebanon, the western coast of Syria and Arwad, and coastal Palestine... They weren't confined in the borders of modern day Lebanon lol... and don't forget they didn't exist in inland Lebanon, Syria, or Palestine. They lived in the coastal region of the Levant.
@@salut1810 You are absolutely right.
@@salut1810 That was a mistake from my part. Also let's not forget Malta, parts of North Africa, etc.
Remember guys this just theory not an actuall fact
@@meshal5488 Most common theory, correct
Phoenician language is the same Arabic language,
So (Canaanites Phoenician language )is ancient Arabic.
Simply
Phoenicians are Arabs just as the assyrians, the babiolnians, aramaic and old tribs migrated from southern Arabia to the north.
@@moghweir7048 Phoenicians are NOT Arabs!
@@Patrick.Khoury lol they are Arabs and the language is the same it’s arabic
Both have the same alphabet
Real name is Canaanites
Norwegians, the Greeks and the French were Arabs too!
@
Eww These were barbaric dark ages’s moחkeys not Arabs ,
We talked about Semitic area in the east , people you mention has nothing to do with us
I know your comment is you trying being ironic but stfu and go read history books id!ot
They were arabs seafarers and traders of the Cannan whi ruled and brought civilization to the Mediterranean area and coast , and their language is old Arabic
We don’t claims what already us
It’s our history don’t try telling us what our history was
@@earthling1332
Eww These were barbaric dark ages’s moחkeys not Arabs ,
We talked about Semitic area in the east , people you mention has nothing to do with us
I know you comment is you trying being ironic but stfu and go read history books id!ot
They were arabs seafarers and traders of the Cannan whi ruled and brought civilization to the Mediterranean area and coast , and their language is old Arabic
We don’t claims what already us
It’s our history don’t try telling us what our history wasq
Their name that they held is Canaanites not Phoenicians . In your orientalist presentation you chose to call them as Europeans did not as who they were. The Second issue is that Canaanites are ancient Arabs both sharing the same alphabet that is the ancient Mussnad. Inscriptions in Thamoudic Mussnad date from before 2000 BCE. It is the Europeans who took alphabets , culture , civilisation and religion from the region , So being a copy cat is national sport in European countries not in the centre of the world were civilisation began In Canaan, Yemen and Mesopotamia all with the same 29 characters , shared root words and syntax . Those are all original owners of their shared heritage the rest as Aramaic , Greeks and Romans are the copy cats.
الفينيقيون هم فقط اللبنانيون، يعني الجماعة اللي ساكنين في السماقية شمال لبنان الحالية فينيقيون لكن سكان بني النعيم في سوريا ليسوا فينقيين (بين القريتين 1 كم)...... أنا أتجنب الحديث عن حدود لبنان الجنوبية (التي هي أكثر فينيقة). مؤسف أن يلجأ البعض إلى هكذا إنهزامية وتنصل من الأصل (إن كان الاصل فينيقيا).
"Phoenician to Aramaic, Nabatean, and finally Arabic" is all good except the "Nabatean, and finally Arabic" part. Nabateans are Arabs and spoke Arabic m they created the first form of today Arabic. Maybe Nabatean to Modern Arabic is more accurate
On 3:15, your argument doesn’t hold at all. Contrary to what you pretend, the Nabatian Alef still looks much like the early Aramaic letter and not at all like the Arabic Alef.
At 4:00 I stopped watching your video because of too many mistakes. Sorry
1:04 *BC
The Phoenician script derives from Egyptian hieroglyphics
@@nicolamanenti8323 no it's a myth
@HabibAkili No it's not. Just open up the article "Proto-Sinaitic script" on Wikipedia - there's a very good table showing how this alphabet evolved from the hieroglyphs.
@saszab
Wikipedia is not an ultimate source of such a debate.
First you need linguists specialized in ancient ''alphabets'' .
And my négation Comes from thé fact that hyrogliph is a syllable associated to a pictorial sign ...giving a word..
Phoenician IS more of an abstract sign with one sound ..multiple signs give a word that has no relation to a picture ....
Phoenician alphabet Comes from a more practical and ''democratic'' mindset
It was meant to be spread learnt and used by a maximum of people ( even by non Phoenicians)
Hieroglyph was a hermetic and élitiste alphabet meant for the privileged few.
@@HabibAkili humm sorry to break it to you but, with just a few research (no Wikipedia involved), i find that the Phoenicians were influenced by Egypt and that they simplified hieroglyphs. And that's generally what happens, it starts with a logography that then evolves into something more flexible.
Thanks, you missed the point where you said dots were added before the Quran's revelation, yet, you showed an old Quran page without dots. You lost the plot there
their is no relation between phoenicians and arabs and concerning the languagues ,its a travel of words and sounds < HIMIARI language is closed to arabic but since they are black arabs want no bound with them .
@@manjumanl222 tf?
Arabic is infact more close to western Semitic languages than the southern ones.
Go read linguistics.
Très bien élaborée
@@monaabinader621 merci bcp
Phoenicians was another name for canaanites and that's how Judaism got it.
the phoenicians did not invent the phoenicians script, this exact same script was used by all the different canaanite kingdoms/tribes (like the Israelite Moabite, and Edomite etc)
The Israeliest aren't Cannanites.
phoenicians are just another name of Canaanites.
@@sari8438 Yes they are lol
@@angosalvo5734 when people say phoenicians they specifically mean Canaanites from the area of tyre and Sidon
@crazyspider17 that's true as of today's usage.
Next , how English made it to American 😅
😂😂
It’s Hebrew.
Yes and no
@@davidmocker6840 Ok. Bro.
It’s Phoenician 🇱🇧💚💛
Was it promised by God 6000 years ago??
@@Roronoa-x9 ur Phoenician
Phoenician alphabet not have direct relation with Arabic. Arabic came from ARAMI-ILAMI. Than the font came from Persian. (dot/point on letters belong only to Farsi at that era) & ARAMI-ILAMI font when convert to Arabic name was Kufi (without the dot/point).
so you share #misinformation/#disinformation. shame on you 👎 @Patrick.Khoury
So the Lebanese started all of this 🤔. No wonder they have the most beautiful Arabic dialect then thousands of years later 😊.
No they didn't. It was the Jews. Google "Proto-Sinaitic."
❤
🎉
Nice story.
I wonder what the truth is tho.
What makes you doubt it? This timeline is what’s believed by the vast majority historians and archaeologists
@hamadico They can believe what they want.
I think it could have been cooler if the video also showed why they think that, instead of talking like fact, this is also common with many channels, they give theories, no evidence for them, and people believe that.
Perhaps it's the truth, the thing is how one knows.
And i think a lot of archeology is by necessity based on assumption.
Which may lead to mistakes.
The only way to know for sure is have a record of the actual events written at the time, then compare it with the assumptions of modern people looking back... but we don't hace acces to those resources yet...
I'm simply agnostic on this tbh.
Most of your information is wrong... How can a non-Arab person talk about our language with slander and forgery?
@@r.thunder I am a native Arabic speaker. Please tell me which information is wrong by giving me your arguments and the evidence. I am ready to debate you. Respectfully.
@@r.thunder However if your argument is that no one entered Mecca to modify Arabic and that Arabic is a holy divine language that evolved on it's own then don't sweat it.
so tunisians and algerians are decendants of the lebanese and palestinians aka true original isr4elies !
Hi and good morning to you dear love one Patrick Q as Gafe=100 and Vava = 6 and Lam=30 all together are 136= QOAL in Arabic is TELL which the God Allah ...say to you QOAL my dear when the human think about space could not see that it bring the idea to the form the first three angel Sumerian language was developed also PARSI the second one square as Hebrew as PARSI also the third one circular as Parsi and Arabic concept of space understanding to become language as AIR element as flay as angels as carrier of the knowledge of knowing for concoction and communication for unity to work to gather Farvahar the symbol of man flying in the form of angel Zaroasterin symbol (FARVAHAR) this is the roots and the trunk of the tree of language in that area the bird can seat on branchs not the root and the trunk the trunk and the roots holding the branches with love and respect to you dear Patrick
Khoury? Are yoy Lebanese?
it's obvious..at least to me and likely a catholic christian. Khoury = curé
Into Arabic !
BULLSHIT
No one has entered Makkah and affected them
languages complexity can never go up, it goes down, from higher to lower
Arabic is the most complex and organized, and it is not a result of evolution because humans tends to ease their language
@@lateef3376 These are fairytales, not facts.
@Patrick.Khoury and what are you saying is a conclusion, not fact
the opposite can be true also 😉
@@lateef3376 A conclusion of evidence, indeed.
@Patrick.Khoury oh really
how about the migration from makkah to yemen then to north
you can never be certain about the direction and there is no evidence about the direction, its only in your head
Make a video about Hebrew and the Israelites
I think this man is Lebanese and that's why he is bias.
Phoenician is ancient Arabic. It is like Latin and french
False.
The Phoenician were Tamizh Samana Merchants having the brahmi script...
W😂tf is Tamizzh Samana sh!t
The Proto-Sinaitic is a Jewish invention. Sorry to burst your fantasy bubble.
@@SketchyGhettoSpic No, the Proto-Sinaitic script is not a "Jewish invention." It is an early script, dated to around the 19th-15th centuries BCE, and is considered one of the first alphabetic writing systems. It developed in the Sinai Peninsula, likely by Semitic-speaking workers or miners who adapted Egyptian hieroglyphs to create a more phonetic script suited to their own language.
My next video will be on the Proto-Sinaitic script. Please don't forget to watch it.
Respectfully,
Patrick
@Patrick.Khoury You're missing the point. The Hebrew tribes brought it from Egypt to Canaan. How do you not know this?
@Patrick.Khoury The Hebrews in Egypt were led by the family of Joseph, the Vizier of Egypt.
@@SketchyGhettoSpic Cite your source please. There is no direct evidence to your claim.
@Patrick.Khoury My source is the world-renowned expert archeologist and egyptologist Dr. David Rohl.
And now this country that has brought us so much is being destroyed by its neighbor.
It's a classic case of FAFO.
Cope, Adolf.
Phoenician alphabet = Paleo-Hebrew alphabet!
They are not similar, but both derive from the Proto-canaanite script..
No paleo-hebrew is the descendant of Phoenician
@@servantofGod-xyz correct
Interestingly, in Jewish Rabbinic literature, the old paleo-Heberew script from the First Temple period is called "Ktav Ivri" aka "Hebrew script" while the later Aramaic-influenced one from the Second Temple period (which is used in modern Hebrew) is called "ktav Ashuri" aka Assyrian script
ض boo scary
Everything was invented by the neanderthal's brethren, i got that.
الكتابة العربية أقرب للسريانية. المخطوطات القرآنية القديمة تبين أن العربية كانت تكتب بدون نقاط. و يقال ان النقاط وضعت للعجم حتى يتمكنوا من قراءة العربية بسهولة. أما العربية التي نكتبها بالطريقة المعاصرة فقد طورها العثمانيون و ليس العرب، حيث أن العثمانيين كانوا يكتبون اللغة العثمانية بأحرف عربية، و الخط العربي يسمى خطأ بهذا الاسم فهو في الحقيقة خط عثماني و عندما تفتح أي مصحف ستجد فيه مكتوب بالخط العثماني. هناك خطوط أخرى و لكن لا أحد منها تطور عند العرب( في شبه الجزيرة) بل جميعها تطور عند العجم( الكوفي والفارسي في العراق و ايران) الديواني( الدولة العثمانية)، الاندلسي في الاندلس. هناك نقطة مهمة لم تتكلم عنها و هي ماهي الاحرف الفينيقية التي هي عبارة عن كلمات مثلا ألف= ثور، بيت= منزل، عين = 👁️، شين = سن، جيمل = جمل، داليت = سقف على ما أظن، نون = سمكة...الخ. هذه الكلمات لا يعرفها العرب الذين يقولون أن الأبجدية عربية.
Syriac is a version of Aramaic
من اين اتيت بهذا الكلام الغريب و العجيب ؟
الخط العثماني نسبة الى الخليفة عثمان بن عفان و ليس الى الامبراطورية العثمانية
الرسم العثماني هو الطريقة التي ارتضاها عثمان بن عفان رضي الله عنه وأصحابه في كتابة كلمات القرءان الكريم، ورسم حروفه في المصاحف التي أرسلها إلى الأمصار.
@mujemoabraham6522 what does the ottoman empire have to do with anything? Syriac and other Aramaic scripts/dialects were around for centuries before the ottomans
@@drunklittlesheep Are you drunk ?
You should direct your comment to @boomrang9503 instead of me , ask him this question and not me .🤣🤣
اقرأ تعليقي عدة مرات حتى تفهم ما كتبت ولا تستعجل في الرد حتى لا تقع في اخطاء مضحكة
لا خطأ ، العرب يكتبون بهذه الطريقة قبل ظهور الدولة العثمانية وقبل ولادة مؤسسها ، انظر إلى المخطوطات من العصر العباسي
Quran 55:3-4: He created man. He taught him speech/eloquence.
If you study the works of Noam Chomsky linguists discovered that humans learn speech due to a program that already exists in the brain designed to acquire it!!!
The Quran has at least 55 loanwords in it borrowed from other languages.