What Exactly Is the Blood Brain Barrier?
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- Опубликовано: 8 июл 2024
- Our brains are choosy about what they let in, and that's thanks to the blood brain barrier. In this episode, Patrick explores how this anatomical separation between our blood and brain keeps us safe from potential harm.
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The heart pumps oxygenated blood through arteries into systemic circulation, then those arteries branch out into tinier and tinier blood vessels called capillaries that surround different tissues. Capillaries have really thin walls, and oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other compounds can diffuse through those walls to get in or out of the blood stream.
And just like any other organ, the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, gets oxygen and nutrients from the blood. But these organs are a little more sensitive to changes in their direct environment, so they need a bit more security around their blood supply to keep themselves stable. That’s where the Blood Brain Barrier comes in.
It’s an anatomical separation between the brain’s capillaries and the fluid between brain tissue itself. It’s made of a few different structures including special endothelial cells, a sheath of connective tissue, and nervous tissue that surrounds those tiny blood vessels in the brain. This thing is purpose built to be a selectively permeable barrier, so let’s take a little tour, starting with the inside of the capillaries.
#bloodbrainbarrier #human #physiology #seeker #humanseries
Read More:
Getting cancer drugs into the brain
www.nature.com/articles/d4158...
“The blood-brain barrier (BBB), a unique assembly of blood vessels that filters what goes into and out of the brain, is responsible for this quirk. And it is also the main reason why treatments for cancer that work elsewhere in the body fail routinely when directed at the brain.”
The Blood Brain Barrier
faculty.washington.edu/chudle...
“More than 100 years ago it was discovered that if blue dye was injected into the bloodstream of an animal, that tissues of the whole body EXCEPT the brain and spinal cord would turn blue. To explain this, scientists thought that a "Blood-Brain-Barrier" (BBB) which prevents materials from the blood from entering the brain existed.”
Blood-brain barrier chip performs human-like drug and antibody transport
news.harvard.edu/gazette/stor...
“Wyss Institute scientists have developed chip technology that mimics the blood-brain barrier in humans. The new models will help researchers study drugs to treat cancer, neurodegeneration, and other diseases of the central nervous system.”
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How is my body so efficient, competent and amazing and I am none of those!
Your body puts in the effort 😌
@@KaiCyreus On the point! Literally on the point.
You're capable of being all of those things. Unfortunately, they 're not involuntary actions and you must develop the habitual thought patterns before you can acquire such attributes. Though I'm sure you're already quite amazing and you just don't realize it yet. Though I do suggest you avoid the practice of affirming as much to yourself in the mirror. That would just be sad. And hey, if all else fails, there's always crack.
ruclips.net/video/ZVA-Bx4rNc0/видео.html
@@501promo That's a really helpful message! Thankyou :)
Cus of trial and error of millions of years of evolution.
*didn’t know I needed to watch this..... at 7:30 A.M.* I’m not complaining though...
06;15 A.M. here and I loved it! As always they don't fail to educate and amaze me ✌️😁
6:49am for me. Lol
Im a little late to the party but 8:30 am getting ready for work seems like mornings are the time to watch this awesome video 😂😎
@@thefoxyknifer1554 rigtttt have a great day at work 😊
@@michelangelosantillanduran8826 wow you wake up so early?
Those cells sounds like they do way soooo much work! I'm glad there's still a part of me that's actually competitively productive.
I study this and the vascular system in general. The problem is strokes create BIG STUFF like scabs in the brain that cannot get out. Enterecept injected ABOVE the BBB can recover some stroke people in 10 minutes.
Well...hi there Roger 😁
Hi Roger 😁😁
The connection to depression and microglial cells is fascinating as well, do you have a video on that?
Great video........As a medical student, it was very nicely explained
I used to imagine a "filtering" layer that allowed "filtered" blood to pass. But it is more a multi-dimensions boundary sorrounding the vasculary system deep inside the brain. And it makes perfect sensne. I guess my previous visualization did not made sense, where would the filtered (rejected) material go and how (a brain liver LOL). Thanks for the explanation, I learned something today.
Lmao at brain liver 😹
All this protection, and yet when you smoke DMT the brain says “GIMMIE” and actively transports it across the barrier.
DMT is endogenous so, your brain already knows what it is and what to do with it. Now cocaine on the other hand....JK
@@501promo Yes indeed, and that is what is so wonderful and cool...
LSD, alcohol, uppers, downers ..all does that
Love my morning daily dose of seeker
Does the blood brain barrier ever get messed up from surgery, from the cells actually being physically cut into?
Patrick kelly is a genius ,, keeps things really simple and organised.
tyvm!
This made me cry . Im so sorry
I had to pause to go look up what endothelial cells are lol.
Is there a difference between these cells in the brain vs elsewhere?
This also sparks my curiosity about how some germs can pass through that barrier.
Great video
Superb 🥇🙏
I often hear that term, but never looking how it works. Thanks for the explanation!
Nice video.
TY 😊
I always wondered this, but never decided to look it up.
Incredible engineering of brain. Mind blowing
discuss how the structure of the BBB prevents the entry of some molecules but allows others through
Ultrasound is also used to temporarily widen the paths so to allow drugs to pass through the barrier
OMG! I just found you and will watch the entire series. I work in stem cell reactivation and would like to use some of your visuals on my website. How can I connect with you directly?
More in a video than what i learned in biology whole this year
You should of added that's why we have to sleep to clean out what bad gets through to the brain.
Interesting...
The absolute Shear wisdom of our creator is amazing
Very nice video. The music quite distracting.
Wow wow wow wow wow!!!
Can you make videos related botany??
If i have tiny unruptured aneurysm does it mean my BBB is destroy???
The way I was taught this, I was told that the neurons are highly differentiated and hence the leucocytes can’t recognize them as a part of its own body so the immune system might attack the neurons if it comes directly in contact with them. This is why the blood brain barrier exists
Neurons: * overthink *
Immune System: NOOOOOOOO
Neurons: * shut the door so immune system can't stop them from overthinking *
a more interesting question is which chemicals pass through dopamine yes ? saratonin no ??
Ah yes, the thing Nicotine crosses.
And Alcohol.
@@jamesharmer9293 and 1000 more substances
I personally don't belive in creation but when i see something like this it's really hard to comprehend how much "accidental" mutations are needed to achive a tiny but complex part of the incredibly complex body of a living creature.
Yeah I get these thoughts as well but u need to think in terms of probability and there is 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 planets in the observable universe (underestimated as well). Surely if u played dice one of those planets can eventually create complex life via natural selection by accidental mutation. Btw the natural selection ensures advantageous mutation keeps on staying, which causes the organism to become complex after many millions of years
@@Pizaerable Four thousand million years. It's a long time.
How are you my gentle giant?.
who engineered such complex system?
It is a barrier of blood!
I didn't know Rob Dahm was on seeker as well.
The music is so distracting and overwhelming!!! Great video regardless
I wonder why we then do not have a heart-brain barrier? Heart muscle is important too. So are many other organs - for example, kidneys.
because evolution only does the bare mimum to keep you alive long enough to have a high chance to procreate
I don't like how he says capillaries
3:45 don’t you mean water? Hydrogen is an element H which exists in nature usually as H2. It’s not hydrophilic, so I think you mean water. Water is H2O.
Can the glymphatic system be abused to make medicines enter the brain rather than be ejectex from the brain?
Mayan Mermaids swim around and through my brain
What did you study?
I’m a premed neuroscience major. No wonder seizure medicine is complicated
Brain: Brain is the most important organ.
But cancers can break blood brain barrier. On the other hand drugs used in chemotherapy find it very hard to break blood brain barrier.
The vid is okay as a quick teaching tool, but this could've been simplified even more.
You didn't talk about ketones
Guys -- lose the background music, please. It distracts from the material and adds nothing positive.
No. I like it.
@@elontusk8018 I stand corrected.
I need to get into Oxford or Cambridge’s medical school I need some assistance
Btw from india
I’ve scored 100 percent marks in my physics and chemistry subject and 95 in my biology
So basically I am efficent at being unefficent
It there to allow at least some medications to be legal.
the tight junction thing1 creates a back pressure of brain fluid in addition to keeping bigger solids out. You lost me a little w/Transporter Proteins. I wonder if it would pay off to study thickness's since you implied capillaries are linked together in creating this junction.
i suppose on some level dimensia louis - body etc are starvation of the brain rather than impurities2 through the boundary; which is ironic since excess glucose probably loosens these junctions.
1 Rhonda Patrick interviewed by Peter Attia
2 Andrew Huberman in one of his core dumps probably with rhonda
If u take vaccine what are the effects on the blood brain barrier
Think the blood brain barrier could be made by accident?
Then why in the world does obvious junk like meth, cocaine, heroin, LSD, etc. etc. so easily get pass the BBB?
that only tells me that there is a Creator who designed the human being
too bad it doesn't stop fluorine
2nd
really early
.
Ca *pillar* y not caplillarry! But that's just american/canadian pronunciation I guess lol
Testosterone has a hard time getting across the blood brain barrier. If you are suffering from severe depression the hair follicle test seems to be the most accurate to determine how much testosterone the brain is getting. Urologist (not endocrinologist) who specialize in hormone therapy have accepted the anecdotal evidence for years but now their is a test.
i heard a source say serotonin doesn't cross BBB but it's precursors do... not that i buy into the whole ssri thing to begin with ... the neuro - pharma thing is so vague and snafu'ed. WE believe something like thorazine depletes L - dopa to levels that block serotonin creation ... just one of many NOT provable paradigms
@@georgeelgin3903 No easy answers here. They go down one promising path just to have it dead end. One drug that makes your mind release serotonin and dopamine is nicotine. This is why they believe it to be so addictive. Supposedly Tryptophan is a precursor to serotonin and can cross the blood brain barrier.
First comment
Note : I have nothing to do with Biology for my Tests
Why can't they make computers use neurons.
You just mentioned our brain consumes 20% of glucose. Is this why children craves for sweet so much?
Not all kids tho. I always liked spicy stuff more than sweet things. But the 'brain needs lots of glucose' thing could explain why it's usually effective to give a fainting or dizzy person sugar or ORS solution. It dissolves on the tongue & gets sent directly to the brain & jerks it awake. Might also explain why milk has lots of glucose.
Ca pi llaries 🤪
1
2
Bruh
Clearly the barrier didn't keep out enough of the stupidity
Truly disgusting, that some “people” would do this horrible thing
That's cool but why does my brain make me wanna jump from from the roof . Maybe it's just depression
Would really like to watch but I’m he music is unnecessary and off putting. 😢
Cocaine can pass through the BBB 🤔
The music is unbearable
Can you work on?
Can you have?
Japanese Fluently language
American Sign Language or Japan Sign Language Fluently Speak with voice off
Can they make Videos your channel about new contact?
In next 6 week or early or November 2021. With CC option on or off in USA American English and or Japan Japanese.
As long as I get some sh#tty electronic music instead of serious, scientific videos, you will get a negative vote from me. Thank you very much.
What is with the '80's aerobics background music! Does not add value to the video! Very distracting - Please No!
I cannot concentrate on the words with that crappy music in the background. seriously, not a joke! 😕