Mate I've said this before, but can't state it enough.. I'm not even into electronics, but still find your vids interesting. If I was, however, especially if I was an elecronics student or something, I would find your vids an absolute fooking godsend. Your thorough approach to showing literally everything and explaining how everything works, along with your super in-depth knowledge would be absolutely invaluable.
4 signs that you are on DiodeGoneWild channel: 1) The cat is sitting on the schematics of cooorse 2) The cat is naaaaice! 3) Your pronounce automatically become weeeird 4) When you see dodgee power adaptor you say: bloody heeel!
I saw this channel months ago during sometime, suddenly I remembered the pronunciation and got mad trying to find it again (I just didn't remember the youtuber's name). Just today, I had a suggestion pointing me to this channel. and instantly I subscribed. It relaxes me to learn electronics with his voice.
Thanks Danyk You're the rockstar of SMPS. I usually don't watch content on a subject I'm really interested in while working on a different one. I've shelved too many projects as a result. But, an upload from you with a full SMPS schematic? It's just a risk I have to take. Micropython, step aside, Mr. Wild has entered the chat. Thanks for the upload. -Jake
For those, who are familiar with control systems and PID controls, using the TL431 with it's capacitor and resistors acts as a really basic PI controller. If you derive the formulas, the LED current (so the transistor current also) contains an integration component regard to voltage error, and a proportional component regarding to output voltage.
I also would add that what he calls a "strange circuit" looks like a current control flyback topology, meaning the control signal via the coupler basically controls the current and thus the transfer function basically is one of a current source charging a capacitor being essentially an integrator. This makes achieving a stable loop a lot easier esp. in inductor continuous current mode. In discontinuous mode and pulse width control the power is a square function of pulse width, already making the loop optimal compensation only possible for a single load value, but in continuous current mode it turns into a second order system very hard to get stable.
I am from India and one of the subscriber of your channel, regularly see your videos of explaining SMPS.Like your work and explanation of circuit diagram.Nice video, waiting for your next video on SMPS.
Amazing explaining as always. 👍 I wanna see video about the forward converter power supply.. there are only 1 -2 videos about it.. if possible explain about them...
If I come across a simple forward power supply, I will definitely show it ;). Now I only have an ATX made as a forward, but it has multiple outputs and an auxiliary power supply, so it's not the best for demonstration.
It would be interesting if you could reverse and/or repair a NUS-002(EUR) Nintendo 64 power supply. It seems to be a very hard match, as all youtubers tried to fix it, they give up
Gday from Melbourne, Australia I have been very much enjoying your SMPS videos, Its seems that most of my fault finding turns out to be failure in these supplies.. I (and likely others) would very much like you to make a list of common SMPS parts (parts that are handy for repairs on most SMPS) Thankyou for your great work
2:54 I have a PC power supply(230V/250W) in which is secondary side of that part connected via a metal housing and leakage was 120V/5A before I repair. Now is 120V/1A.
This kind of designs are current-mode, just like UC3842 and similar. Unstable frequency is not a drawback, usually. SMPS I build behave differently: under no load they oscillate slower, which helps reduce no-load consumption, just like sophisticated IC's. The more load, the higher the frequency, this one is a bit weird to me. MOSFET as a switch makes a world of difference: lower no-load consumption, higher efficiency. Supplies I build lately are all FET-based. As much as I like good 'ol BJT's; they are dogs. You can turn them on fast, but turn off opens whole new can of worms, like stored charge carriers and so on...
19:00 about this zener -- just remove the optocoupler and start the PSU, this will definitely give you the answer. I think this is open-loop and primary side parts failer protection. This is your last hope basically ;D
And risk blowing your capacitor bank and the load? I'd be more careful and change the 2.5 V sensing resistor. And I wish someone would donate a multichannel oscilloscope to our teacher.
Dan, It's simply a combination of techniques used in flybacks with and without optical feedback - with a zenner, like in ancient mobile phone chargers.
How is the section (around 4 min) a voltage doubler when mechanical switch is closed, since the caps are in series, won't that diminish stored potential, but since there are other electrical pathways I between them, does it form more of a staccato transient t between them, that releases an appearance of double voltage?
If breaking the positive feedback in a self oscillating power supply is a good way to controll its duty cycle, does that mean I can copy the same principle in those dual transistor configurations found in power supplies and cfl drivers? (My plan is to use a zener, optocoupler, a few transistors and diodes to short out the base driver feedback transformer when a preset desired voltage is achieved)
I'm not sure, but I don't think that will work well in a self-oscillating half-wave power supply. I think you'd have mixed results. Keep in mind those supplies need to have the high and low-side transistors on an equal amount of time to work properly.
@@eDoc2020 Half wave is the one shown in the video. Mine is full wave. Im not concerned about asymmetrical signals, as the feedback circuit I'm planning will have a low freq-filter, therefore only minor disbalance in the capacitor divider is possible.
@@two_number_nines It's not about imbalancing the capacitors, the problem with asymmetrical drive is you'll saturate the drive transformer unless you find a way to compensate.
@@eDoc2020 the film capacitor in series with the coil does many things including dc filtering. Anyways, I don't see what's asymmetrical about dual wave rectification short-out of the feedback transformer either with a half bridge rectifier and a transistor, 2 transistors for each cycle, or a full bridge rectifier and a transistor to its dc output.
@@two_number_nines If you short out the feedback in both directions, that will indeed prevent asymmetrical drive. I don't know how well this would perform, there's a chance it might stop the oscillation or worse run the transistors in linear mode. It certainly could be worth a try or at least a simulation to see what happens.
Can confirm, zener is an open-loop protection component. I just simulated this, and forgot to connect the feedback on the output - it didn't run away, seems to stabilize just past the optimal voltage as predicted...
It's possible, but best done on a fast computer... And the simulation is done in LTSpice, where I just "dropped in" the schematic from the video (that means recreating the whole damned thing and it's operational conditions - hence being possible to miss a connection when not paying attention!) I've used this method to perfect a design which is pending some thorough testing, i'm just waiting on the magnetics (transformers and chokes), must understand it well before proceeding...
Hi, rally it good thanks you so much. And please tell how to select topology and what are the critical parameters consider for converter topology selection. E.g 48vdc input, o/p 12v/10A isolation cccv driver for charging application, this we can design flyback or forward or push pull or half bridge. But how to select for topology for start up. Pls help me
if flyback topology good for ~125W, then what topology is better for higher power? _but I don't think I can see the circuit before I buy any SMPS anyway_ :
Short version: Forward converter. Longer answer, there are many subtypes of forward converter: 1-transistor forward, push-pull, half-bridge, full-bridge to name a few.
the current sense resistor is part of the switch off mechanism. if the transistor does not switch off then the current in the primary will just build up to the point that something will fuse. in your case it was the transistor. a little more and the transformer would go and then the whole board would burn up.
How would I go about building a 2kw 100v dc power supply? Does rectifying one of those cheap SCRs work? Or is the power at lower voltages limited? I live in a 230v area. Maybe you guys can help me out. Thanks in advance!
If the voltage and galvanic insulation are not important you can use a capacitive/inductive dropper to limit the current and a full bridge of diode for making Dc
@@garage_projects Of course is better to use an inductive dropper for high power, otherwise you will need a capacitor of something near 200uf! depending on the voltage drop on the electrolysis cell
Thanks @@DiodeGoneWild, I mixed that up. My problem was that why do you need a two way rectifier to feed a single phototransistor, but maybe you need that too.
@@DiodeGoneWild Sorry, i haven't seen the capacitor wich separete the ground and the negative line in the primary side. At first I haven't seen the capacitor and I thought that they were connected thogether, if they was the power supply would be quite dogie😂😂. Thank you for making videos on RUclips, They have introduced me to the world of electronics, and i learned a lot of things.
Please Make Video on Quick Charger QC2.0 & QC3.0 with Schematic and Working Principle.
4 года назад+1
I guess that the "input overvoltage" protection is there because it has a manual input voltage selector. It is probably there to protect the circuit from running it from 230V when it is set to 110V input by mistake.
maybe, but the primary electrolytic capacitors would explode anyway :). even if the transistor didn't
4 года назад+1
@@DiodeGoneWild So true, I guessed they are 450V capacitors, but I re-checked the previous video and they really just 250V ones. And probably it would be too slow to save the transistor.
Maybe you could somehow botch it with tons of external components, but why turn a washing machine into a fridge if you can just get a fridge? There are tons of suitable flyback control chips, including the old good UC3842.
Yeah, i already see the SMPS using UC3842 and its easy to done it. But my project requirement is needed to use the 555 timer to create the PWM pulse in SMPS with flyback converter topology. Thats why I asking u about the design circuit cause i see u are very experience in this SMPS.
@@usonudom3081 You can easily make an unregulated smps with the 555, for example i used it for an unregulated boost converter 7V->200v at low current for testing leds
Thank you i stopped buying china cheap chargers I repair mine but it's getting heeeel not it's original.. I going to restore factory... Good explanation thank
Very good explanation. Your accent is difficult to understand. I find you extended and dropped pronunciation at the end of words unusual and in native English speakers. Well done.
No one teaches better than you, thank you 🙏
Electroboom 💥?
Mate I've said this before, but can't state it enough..
I'm not even into electronics, but still find your vids interesting.
If I was, however, especially if I was an elecronics student or something, I would find your vids an absolute fooking godsend. Your thorough approach to showing literally everything and explaining how everything works, along with your super in-depth knowledge would be absolutely invaluable.
4 signs that you are on DiodeGoneWild channel:
1) The cat is sitting on the schematics of cooorse
2) The cat is naaaaice!
3) Your pronounce automatically become weeeird
4) When you see dodgee power adaptor you say: bloody heeel!
5) Even more Saaaalt!
I saw this channel months ago during sometime, suddenly I remembered the pronunciation and got mad trying to find it again (I just didn't remember the youtuber's name). Just today, I had a suggestion pointing me to this channel. and instantly I subscribed. It relaxes me to learn electronics with his voice.
Thanks for heeeeelp
Thanks Danyk
You're the rockstar of SMPS. I usually don't watch content on a subject I'm really interested in while working on a different one. I've shelved too many projects as a result. But, an upload from you with a full SMPS schematic? It's just a risk I have to take. Micropython, step aside, Mr. Wild has entered the chat.
Thanks for the upload.
-Jake
For those, who are familiar with control systems and PID controls, using the TL431 with it's capacitor and resistors acts as a really basic PI controller.
If you derive the formulas, the LED current (so the transistor current also) contains an integration component regard to voltage error, and a proportional component regarding to output voltage.
Do you believe in, overunity, or being able to do more work with far less KVA ?
I also would add that what he calls a "strange circuit" looks like a current control flyback topology, meaning the control signal via the coupler basically controls the current and thus the transfer function basically is one of a current source charging a capacitor being essentially an integrator.
This makes achieving a stable loop a lot easier esp. in inductor continuous current mode.
In discontinuous mode and pulse width control the power is a square function of pulse width, already making the loop optimal compensation only possible for a single load value, but in continuous current mode it turns into a second order system very hard to get stable.
Danke!
Love this discrete devices.
You are a master teacher.thanks million times for teaching us.
I am from India and one of the subscriber of your channel, regularly see your videos of explaining SMPS.Like your work and explanation of circuit diagram.Nice video, waiting for your next video on SMPS.
Your circuit explanation is excellent. Feel as if components are speaking about themselves.
Amazing explaining as always. 👍 I wanna see video about the forward converter power supply.. there are only 1 -2 videos about it.. if possible explain about them...
Amazing video, Dan! Very clear, very helpful explanation.
I join the request for a video about the forward converter power supply (more one)
If I come across a simple forward power supply, I will definitely show it ;). Now I only have an ATX made as a forward, but it has multiple outputs and an auxiliary power supply, so it's not the best for demonstration.
Wow! These two videos are great. I enjoy the details.
🥰การเรียนการสอนที่ดีที่สุด🥰
It would be interesting if you could reverse and/or repair a NUS-002(EUR) Nintendo 64 power supply. It seems to be a very hard match, as all youtubers tried to fix it, they give up
It does not seem to have inrush current limitation because it produced som nice sparks when being plugged in.
Another great video, thank you very much. More like this would be amazing.
Nice review and great explanation. Thank you.
Gday from Melbourne, Australia
I have been very much enjoying your SMPS videos, Its seems that most of my fault finding turns out to be failure in these supplies.. I (and likely others) would very much like you to make a list of common SMPS parts (parts that are handy for repairs on most SMPS)
Thankyou for your great work
Thank you very much for activating the subtitles !!!!!
Such a good lesson on SMPS, I just wish it would go on and on... Thanks
Very nice explanations!
Congrats, Master!
One of your best!
2:54 I have a PC power supply(230V/250W) in which is secondary side of that part connected via a metal housing and leakage was 120V/5A before I repair. Now is 120V/1A.
Helpful video
Very nice video❤❤❤Greetins from Lithuania❤❤❤❤
This kind of designs are current-mode, just like UC3842 and similar. Unstable frequency is not a drawback, usually. SMPS I build behave differently: under no load they oscillate slower, which helps reduce no-load consumption, just like sophisticated IC's. The more load, the higher the frequency, this one is a bit weird to me.
MOSFET as a switch makes a world of difference: lower no-load consumption, higher efficiency. Supplies I build lately are all FET-based. As much as I like good 'ol BJT's; they are dogs. You can turn them on fast, but turn off opens whole new can of worms, like stored charge carriers and so on...
Hey boddy you can help me calculate how much turns need to tranformer ?
@@giovinis Search "Flyback 8.1" on Google. Then you can see my video explaining how to use that software
Nice video with good explanation, you didn't add transformer windings to try our hands on. By the way what changes can one make to get 12v. Thanks
19:00 about this zener -- just remove the optocoupler and start the PSU, this will definitely give you the answer. I think this is open-loop and primary side parts failer protection. This is your last hope basically ;D
And risk blowing your capacitor bank and the load? I'd be more careful and change the 2.5 V sensing resistor. And I wish someone would donate a multichannel oscilloscope to our teacher.
@@atdzsny yes, risk is always here, this is the experiment!
Great as always.
i have one question- how the switching frequency designed with no chip solution? it will be really helpful for me and urgent as well
Great explanations! Thanks.
I like how the first warning is "This video is not intended for laymen"
Not intended for llamas :)
26:48 yep, the ripple of this PSU is great! not all chip-powered PSUs can do ~25mV on the output
maybe, if you replace output capacitors to low-esr one, you can get even less ripple
Dan, It's simply a combination of techniques used in flybacks with and without optical feedback - with a zenner, like in ancient mobile phone chargers.
thanks for sharing
sir YOU are an institution...😇👌😇
Thank you so much
what brand of scope is that ? it looks good...
How is the section (around 4 min) a voltage doubler when mechanical switch is closed, since the caps are in series, won't that diminish stored potential, but since there are other electrical pathways I between them, does it form more of a staccato transient t between them, that releases an appearance of double voltage?
Thanks for the info...👍👍
Could bipolar npn be swapped for a power mosfet sir?
Dear. What is controlling current in mobile charger?
can you discuss about x and y safety capacitors. how does it provide what is says it does?
If breaking the positive feedback in a self oscillating power supply is a good way to controll its duty cycle, does that mean I can copy the same principle in those dual transistor configurations found in power supplies and cfl drivers? (My plan is to use a zener, optocoupler, a few transistors and diodes to short out the base driver feedback transformer when a preset desired voltage is achieved)
I'm not sure, but I don't think that will work well in a self-oscillating half-wave power supply. I think you'd have mixed results. Keep in mind those supplies need to have the high and low-side transistors on an equal amount of time to work properly.
@@eDoc2020 Half wave is the one shown in the video. Mine is full wave. Im not concerned about asymmetrical signals, as the feedback circuit I'm planning will have a low freq-filter, therefore only minor disbalance in the capacitor divider is possible.
@@two_number_nines It's not about imbalancing the capacitors, the problem with asymmetrical drive is you'll saturate the drive transformer unless you find a way to compensate.
@@eDoc2020 the film capacitor in series with the coil does many things including dc filtering. Anyways, I don't see what's asymmetrical about dual wave rectification short-out of the feedback transformer either with a half bridge rectifier and a transistor, 2 transistors for each cycle, or a full bridge rectifier and a transistor to its dc output.
@@two_number_nines If you short out the feedback in both directions, that will indeed prevent asymmetrical drive. I don't know how well this would perform, there's a chance it might stop the oscillation or worse run the transistors in linear mode. It certainly could be worth a try or at least a simulation to see what happens.
Can confirm, zener is an open-loop protection component.
I just simulated this, and forgot to connect the feedback on the output - it didn't run away, seems to stabilize just past the optimal voltage as predicted...
simulated an entire PSU?
@@valdisblack1541 Probably. I like to design and simulate my own PSUs. One day I'll get around to actually building one...
@VT Could you please share your simulation?
It's possible, but best done on a fast computer...
And the simulation is done in LTSpice, where I just "dropped in" the schematic from the video (that means recreating the whole damned thing and it's operational conditions - hence being possible to miss a connection when not paying attention!)
I've used this method to perfect a design which is pending some thorough testing, i'm just waiting on the magnetics (transformers and chokes), must understand it well before proceeding...
ama goin to build it. goodbye cruel world 🤣😁
Hi, rally it good thanks you so much. And please tell how to select topology and what are the critical parameters consider for converter topology selection. E.g 48vdc input, o/p 12v/10A isolation cccv driver for charging application, this we can design flyback or forward or push pull or half bridge. But how to select for topology for start up. Pls help me
if flyback topology good for ~125W, then what topology is better for higher power?
_but I don't think I can see the circuit before I buy any SMPS anyway_ :
Short version: Forward converter. Longer answer, there are many subtypes of forward converter: 1-transistor forward, push-pull, half-bridge, full-bridge to name a few.
I had made a mistake by removing the current limiting/ sense resistor and the driving transistor just blew up and the magic smoke escaped :(
Haha.
I like your description "the magic smoke escaped".
It died.
the current sense resistor is part of the switch off mechanism. if the transistor does not switch off then the current in the primary will just build up to the point that something will fuse. in your case it was the transistor. a little more and the transformer would go and then the whole board would burn up.
Wooow thank you
How would I go about building a 2kw 100v dc power supply? Does rectifying one of those cheap SCRs work? Or is the power at lower voltages limited? I live in a 230v area. Maybe you guys can help me out. Thanks in advance!
I think the best option (if you don't want to buy one) is to use a full bridge with like 600v 15A mosfets.
Why do you need that? 😀
@@barnabasnagy9595 thanks for the advice! I need it for an electrolysis cell
If the voltage and galvanic insulation are not important you can use a capacitive/inductive dropper to limit the current and a full bridge of diode for making Dc
@@samuelecaldini4400 do you think it's possible to build a capacitive dropper that outputs 2000w ?
@@garage_projects Of course is better to use an inductive dropper for high power, otherwise you will need a capacitor of something near 200uf! depending on the voltage drop on the electrolysis cell
🙏💓🌾nice valubal teach sirji 🌾💓🙏
What happened to a Privileg calculator? Kind of miss it.
Nice video , can you modify this power supply to become variable from 0 to 15v for example , with current limiting if it's possible .
For 15V, the 12V version of this power supply would be way more suitable.
@@DiodeGoneWild ok thanks for your quick response.
I think that "overvoltage protection" is just an full wave "power supply" for the phototransistor in the optocoupler.
I meant the "overvoltage protection" is probably the zener.
Thanks @@DiodeGoneWild, I mixed that up. My problem was that why do you need a two way rectifier to feed a single phototransistor, but maybe you need that too.
without ic chip?
Yes
Is it connecting life to Ground, throught a diode?
why would it?
@@DiodeGoneWild Sorry, i haven't seen the capacitor wich separete the ground and the negative line in the primary side. At first I haven't seen the capacitor and I thought that they were connected thogether, if they was the power supply would be quite dogie😂😂.
Thank you for making videos on RUclips, They have introduced me to the world of electronics, and i learned a lot of things.
Very nice tutorials
Plese upload fresh schematics for download options 👍👍👌👌👌
Please mention the schematics link
Great content thanks alot Mr.diode..
Actually the energy is stored in the air gap of the core not the core itself.
Great video as always
The energy is distributed in the entire magnetic circuit, but you're right, most of it is in the gap.
Please Make Video on Quick Charger QC2.0 & QC3.0 with Schematic and Working Principle.
I guess that the "input overvoltage" protection is there because it has a manual input voltage selector. It is probably there to protect the circuit from running it from 230V when it is set to 110V input by mistake.
maybe, but the primary electrolytic capacitors would explode anyway :). even if the transistor didn't
@@DiodeGoneWild So true, I guessed they are 450V capacitors, but I re-checked the previous video and they really just 250V ones. And probably it would be too slow to save the transistor.
👍
Can u design a SMPS with using 555 timer with a flyback topology?
I working on it now but it still didnt work.
👍👍👍
Maybe you could somehow botch it with tons of external components, but why turn a washing machine into a fridge if you can just get a fridge? There are tons of suitable flyback control chips, including the old good UC3842.
Yeah, i already see the SMPS using UC3842 and its easy to done it. But my project requirement is needed to use the 555 timer to create the PWM pulse in SMPS with flyback converter topology. Thats why I asking u about the design circuit cause i see u are very experience in this SMPS.
@@usonudom3081 You can easily make an unregulated smps with the 555, for example i used it for an unregulated boost converter 7V->200v at low current for testing leds
👍👍👍👍👍
Super ...
Thank you i stopped buying china cheap chargers I repair mine but it's getting heeeel not it's original.. I going to restore factory... Good explanation thank
0:07 - take screen shot, first
Thank You
I think it's time to say goodbye to your cardboard sign, and find a new one...
Zasilacz działa ale gdzie jest kot?
This looks like the first half of Ian Ianovich (or ianovini) (Sorry Ian) his pulsing destructive circut.
Интересный блок питания.
Yeah!
Can you buy a 12V 50A power supply on Ebay and make a video about it?
wow 50a is a lot
@@bitterlemonboy yes of course!
How can I send you a private message?
What GZ 2
Very good explanation.
Your accent is difficult to understand.
I find you extended and dropped pronunciation at the end of words unusual and in native English speakers.
Well done.
It might be unusual, but it's a lot easier to understand than most accents used in the UK. :P
@@atdzsny you god damn so right about this!
Creme de la creme
i cant watch this videoooooooss cos i laugh too muuuuuuuuch
Come ha imparato questo signore?
Sir, transformer details please sir
Let me explain
If you translate your videos into Arabic, you will have many Arab followers, especially those who do not know English
Sir please try to explain earbuds with your incredible schematic skiils...
Thanks...❤️
+
First, I guess. Nice video.
Well done .
And your reward is? The caring of noone?
Nice explanation. Thank you.