The Greek Alphabet (Koine Era Pronunciation)
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- Опубликовано: 11 окт 2024
- An introduction to the Greek alphabet, using the pronunciation of the biblical era.
[There are a couple (slightly funny) typos in the example words-extra credit if you spot them!]
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I ‘m here to see how many characters can be used for Covid-19 variants.
Haha same
😂😂😂. When they get to the end they will
Start again with alpha alpha
Ha ha ha that’s hilarious
HA HAAAAAAAA!
That's funny.....
@@rightsmite You may be correct. That's what I've been wondering, what's going to happen when they run out of mysterious sounding Greek letters? Perhaps South Park is correct, it will be the Delta super duper plus mega variant.
Despite some few errors, this is such a good lecturing and enjoyable film that I share it to my foreign friends that want to learn the Greek alphabet. After all, the pronunciation is so close to the modern one, that the smaller differences can be excused to a foreigner! Than you, Tim! I even enjoy it from time to time myself!
ευχαριστώ πολύ!
Αναρρωτιέμαι πού είναι τα λάθη. Αφού η αποκατεστημένη προφορά των αρχαίων ελληνικών (τόσο εκείνες των ομηρικών χρόνων και της κλασικής εποχής, όσο και αυτή της ελληνιστικής, που όλες εντέλει, άλλες περισσότερο, άλλες λιγότερο, διέφεραν απ’ τη σύγχρονη νεοελληνική) είναι πολύ προσεγγιστική, όχι-ακριβής, και αφού δεν έχουμε ηχογραφήσεις της εποχής, δεν μπορούμε να κατηγορήσουμε για λάθη όταν προσπαθούμε να την προσεγγίσουμε.
@@Michail_Chatziasemidis τα λαθη ηταν κυριως ορθογραφικα (φονη, εσκατος κλπ) αλλα και μια καπως σημερινη αγγλικη προφορα, που σιγουρα δεν ειχαν οι αρχαιοι
@@giorgiomiami7447 Koine is the ancient greek dialect from which modern greek descends from, so while there are some pretty big similarities, they are not the same languages and Koine is not really spoken anymore.
@@giorgiomiami7447 κοινή is the language that modern greeks speak today . Slightly evolved, but quite the same.
I am a polyglot with a very good set of ears. Glad n delighted you fooled me. Your intonations were superb. Your method of repetition is excellent.
Really my polyglot friend? He fooled you? He fooled me too...I thought this would be a lesson in Greek...but then I realized...what a load of shit. And another thing...Do you really think that starting a sentence with the statement that you are a polyglot (which is a Greek word btw) will make your opinion matter more? You might be speaking 50 languages...but you still talk shit
@@xouleposxoulepos4506 Wtf is your problem? Μαλακα
@@όαγωνιστής-θ6θ Δεν ξερεις Ελληνικα χαζουλη? Let me guess...you are half Greek...you kinda speak Greek, but not really. Who is the foreigner ? Mommy or daddy? Do you really think u r fooling anyone? You dont speak Greek,you d like to..but u dont...and you dont need the o in your fuckin nickname...it looks stupid
@@xouleposxoulepos4506 Lol you are pathetic and probably a Turk
@@όαγωνιστής-θ6θ Oh man...I nailed it...you really cant speak Greek...Man I am sorry...you have a mountain to climb...Seriously...its hard...So don't waste a sec arguing with me...Hit the books....You win..I am definitely not a Turk..don't know how you got that..but anyway...N I am not joking ...you dont need the o in your nickname...When you learn and understand Greek, wth this movie ''Τι εκανες στον πολεμο Θαναση ?¨¨
Great teaching video. Your patient delivery makes it easy to follow. I appreciate the work you put into this.
Guys he pronounced it wrong
Hi Tim, thank's for sharing this lesson on how to read write and pronounce the koine era Greek alphabet. I'm starting from scratch and have been at it for two weeks on and off. I'm now able to read and recite the the alphabet and have today practice writing the words you used to explain each letter. Im quite pleased with my progress being able to write down a few of the worsd correctly just from listening to you saying them. Thank you for helping me to get started on learning to read and write in Greek using Koine pronunciation
I'm glad you found it helpful! Good luck with your continued studies!
How is that going it's great seeing people who are not from my country try to learn Greek.
Thank you so much. I am currently enrolled in Christian Leaders Institute's Biblical Greek I in the free ministry courses. They have quality materials, and in other subjects a lot of great videos , but not much video priming in this one, so thanks a lot. This is phenomenal. I feel like a real pro practicing this with you. Thanks, I haven't had this good of a teacher since Mrs. Bineau in the 80's teaching the way ancient Latin was thought to have been spoken. Peeking at your favorite channels, I'd love to see a note-takers' bible you've been adding educated notes and comic-quality drawings into, in the wide margins! Edit: I have reached an interactive portion of CLI's course and I should give that props, quite nice, but still irreversibly gleeful to have found you and your adept pronunciations..
Thank you so very much. I have been studying the book of Aсts in the Bible and have been frustrated by American preachers who massacre the place names like Derbe and Samothrace. i think it’s the conceit of the English speaking world who presume that all non-English words ought to be pronounced as if they were some odd form of English. I can’t thank enough for your very clear and very patient reading of the alphabet. Cheers from New Zealand. Kia ora.
Εξαιρετική δουλειά, συγχαρητήρια!
Ναι
Ναι
Πολύ ωρεές λεξεις
@Vagia Katsikarou θαυμάσια προφορά... (?) Τα αυτιά σου, είναι εντάξει????????? Τι είναι αυτά που λέτε... Ελληνικά με αγγλική προφορά... Αυτό ακούσαμε, έλεος πια... Ε όχι και θαυμάσια προφορά... Απλά , ο άνθρωπος το προσπάθησε , μέχρι εκεί. Τίποτα παραπάνω , τίποτα περισσότερο.
Συγνώμη, προσπαθεί αλλά η προφορά δεν είναι καλή. Και στο γάμμα γράφει το ρήμα γιγνώσκω λάθος. Γράφει γινώσκω. Τουλάχιστον αυτό πρέπει να το διορθώσει.
This was a big help for me. I am an auto-didactic learner and want to learn enough Koine Greek that I can one day read the New Testament in the original language. I think this will be easier than learning the Hebrew syllabary and its diacritic markings, that is, I will learn Koine Greek much quicker, I think.
Peakbagger I am on the same journey. May we both gain a greater understanding of the Word of GOD.
GODS speed!
αδελφέ μου θα χαρώ να σε βοηθήσω να μάθεις την γλώσσα. Αρκεί να μπορείς να ερθεις στην Ελλάδα κι Εγώ αναλαμβάνω τα υπόλοιπά.
Hebrew is super easy, if you aren't sure just assume "ah" for the vowels and you're 90% there. just learn "oh" and "oo" and you got another 5 percent. the rest is י and just assume it's an "ee" sound and your 99% Percent there.
you'll never ever chat with a Hebrew speaker anyway so don't be too hard on yourself
I really, really like this presentation. I like the repetitive, rote way the alphabet is presented. It allows me to listen and repeat many times what is being said and shown on the screen which allows it to enter my mind and my memory so much more effectively. Thank you.
Thanks, inkguy! Glad you find it helpful!
Πολύ καλά μπράβο ! It’s hard to hear your native language’s alphabet been massacred over the years, especially from college sorority students! 🤣
Love love love the song in the end ! Not bad over all ! Thank you !
9:35 is when the rhyme starts. I use that rhyme to help me study
Thank you so much for your pronounciation!!! It is very encouraging that there are also students of ancient Greek who don't use that Erasmian crap
@@Snogubb3n I am Greek
Andrew, thanks for your comments! See my video on vowels and diphthongs for clarity on tau. As far as the song goes, I'm singing "and" which in Greek is kai, pronounced "keh". Hope that helps!
Oh, and at the end of the song: και τω τελω, ομεγα... "and at the end, omega."
No it doesnt help at all...we dont sound like that
What an amazing video... I'm about to start studying biblical Greek on my own and after learning Japanese, I know the first thing I want to get is the correct pronunciation.
This video is so well structured. The repetition of the characters will really help. I'm hoping that this is indeed the correct pronunciation, as I have no way to verify ^_^
Thank you for making this video!
Any tips you can share with a beginner? I am starting with this Alphabet. It seems like I would have needed another lesson before the alphabet. :))
@@Missramy100 The alphabet is the place to start--don't get too hung up on letter pronunciations, as there is a fair amount of disagreement/variation among Greek teachers on this.
@@christopherskipp1525 Thank you! I actually used the Duolingo app for Greek. :)
DON'T WASTE YOUR TIME, BIBLICAL GREEK IS ROMAN GREEK, FAKE STORYS TO CONTROL THE NEXT GENERATION OF GREEKS.
physics made us learn half of this language...
I know, right?! I majored in Physics in college, and when I visited Greece I couldn’t understand a word anyone said, but I could pronounce the street signs!
Mathematics and Engineering too
@@timmcninch Unfortunately, modern Greek is as different to Koine or Hellenic Greek as modern English is different from Old English, or modern standard Italian is from any variation of Latin.
@@macvena Yes, of course. Here I'm only referring to my ability to recognize the Greek alphabet from my physics/mathematics training.
@@timmcninch I understand, and I extend my compliments. Your pronunciation is excellent. Well done.
An impressive teaching. I like it! Thank you for sharing your knowledge. 👍
I just love the visual design so much.
It would be perfect if IPA is added!
Thanks for this video. I begin to learn koine this semester and this help me to study.
Thank you very much for this helpful video! I greatly appreciate it. It is interesting to me that by the time of koine Greek, the pronunciation of beta has changed from [b], as in Classical Greek, to [v], as in modern Greek. Similarly, delta has changed from [d] to voiced [th], as it is in modern Greek.
I wondered where he had gotten a "v" sound out of beta. Thanks for the info!
My thanks to you, from a beginner in koine Greek. Before I can learn the grammar and vocabulary, first I must learn the alphabet. Your RUclips post is very helpful....
Good work. I hope that some high-profile new testament scholars learn something from it. A tiny speller, έσχατος, not έσκατος (risks being misunderstood for a dirty word☺). If you ever update this video, don't forget the diphthongs. Do you have a strong opinion about the historical period to which we can date iotakism, the pronunciation as iota of all diphthongs containing this letter?
there are actually 2 types of Koine Greek:one is Early (1st AD) and one is Late (4th AD) tthe Greek in this video is a Roman period (1st AD) Koine Greek, when eta is not identical to iota yet, but in 4th AD (still Koine, also called early Byzantine) eta merged with iota along with ei digraph, ypsilon (ipsilon, upsilon) and digraph oi not yet iotacized( sound like German ü). by the way, your kappa k sound is too aspirated (otherwise mistake as digraph kappa-chi's sound), chi sound became almost identical to the English "h" sound (soft plosive).
your comment helped me alot. thanks
Can you please tell me more about the greek koine? I'm studying ancient greek and "Koine" is the pronunciation that I chose (not too near from the current greek or too far from the classical greek). At that time was gamma pronunced like the french "r" and has delta a light "z" sound? Didn't the sound "b" exist? I know the digraph épsilon-upsilon was prononced as "ev" or "ef" ( as in "evangelios") but was it the same for alpha-upsilon? And for example, how would you pronunce μυῖα, ποιητἠς, εὐειδής?
all wrong
Omicron is very similar to Omega, but there is a difference. Omicron is a short O, like in "on", and Omega uses a long O, like in "show".
Do note that I'm still learning, so this may not be 100% accurate, this is just what I've learned.
I have a whole page on pronunciation on my website with plenty of examples, see: www.KaineDiatheke.com
Hey, I'm learning Greek and am frustrated by Erasmian pronunciation. Finding koine pronunciation can be challenging. Logos software has some. Would you record the diphthongs? That'd really help.
Hi aiorr - See: ruclips.net/video/MyQk8Nz2qwE/видео.html
I am from Greece
Very helpful as you are repeating it after saying the next greek alphabet, God bless.
The greatness continues. Thanks Tim!
Thank you, Tim, for a very clear and understandable teaching. Jacob Huang
Thanks for the compliment.
Greek history ... Greek philosophy ... The A and Ω all the world !!!
You're making me want to learn Koine Greek now. At least remembering the alphabet and able to read it.
Πολλά συγχαρητήρια σοῦ ἀξίζουν Τίμ διότι χρησιμοποιεῖς πολυτονικό καί πάλι μπράβο!!!
Excellent accent Tim!!! Ο Κυριος να σε ευλογει!
δεν υπαρχει θεος
@@tipotenios7062 Nαι υπαρχει!!!!!! Ερχεται με δοξα και με δυναμη, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΣΕ!!!!!
@@vasilikiyannos οχι δεν υπαρχει
@@tipotenios7062 Ενταξει οπως θελεις, αλλα αυτοι που πεθαινουν χωρις ΧΡΙΣΤΟ, πανε στην αιωνια κολλαση!!!!
@@tipotenios7062 Ο ΙΗΣΟΥΣ σε αγαπα και σε θελει κοντα του, θελει να σε σωσει!!!!!
Actually they've lost three more letters (but two of them managed to reach the Latin alphabet as F and Q)...
Thankyou
I was learning NT Greek alphabet in COVID LOCKDOWN.
Fortunately I did NOT find this excellent video.
I would have remained in strict lockdown until I had read all 4 gospels AND Acts out loud to my wife and daughters!
Hahahaha!
@@timmcninch Tim,
I am doubly glad that my joke made you laugh.
It is true to life but it was actually a very SAD private family reality that I had worded as joke in hope of a positive response.
Back in 2021 my wife was actually thrilled to see me taking up new retirement hobbies like Greek and Welsh. I did not understand at the time why she was so unexpectedly supportive since she had no interest in ' strange tongues' of any sort.
As it turned out hobbies like learning NT Greek and singing Welsh Hymns have literally become a life saver for me recently.
An extended voluntary lock down from 'normal' social activities like Church on Sundays has been forced upon me by the extremly sad fact that my wife actually died suddenly back in November 2021.
I have been reluctant to overload the internet with sad news at a time when the world is so full of real tragedy but this feels like a safe place or warm spot to explain WHY I am enjoying tge Greek alphabet right now.
I can now thank you publically that your laughter above made me smile today when nothing else could.
I was able to IMAGINE my wife responding positively to your reply, and that is often all a widower needs to get up and face a tough day ahead.
She rarely laughed directly at my jokes, but she always joined in the conversation when another person saw the funny side. She would have grabbed my smart phone to make a very clever joke at my expense.
I was my wife's hero only if I could make our daughters and grandson laugh in the middle of a family crisis. At times that was my most important job in life.
"Make sad people laugh at their own sadness".
That skill became extremely important when she was very poorly and physically not able to laugh herself.
Seeing the genuine joy of family around her was an essential part of her paliative care in 2021.
I was teaching myself the Greek letters and their sounds by using soft toys and giving them all Bible names on labels. She would recognise the names audibly even if MY handwritten letters like zeta and xi looked like what she called " unintelligible
squiggles ". It was possibly reminding her of our own daughters trying to write at age 2.
As her cognitive skill deteriorated, but still in lock down at home alone with me, I swapped from Greek to WELSH where there are no squiggles in the aphabet.
It is a familiar accent here in the UK. She did not know any welsh vocabulary but she found the smooth sounds of the language 'familiar and comforting' .
So I learnt the song CALON LAN, with the occasional letters LL, CH, and NG that didn't look too foreign.
Ruth knew several Welsh hymn tunes from childhood so I could even change the TUNE to add variety... "What a friend we have in Jesus."
Her final weeks were as pleasant as we could make them by all of us just " being ourselves" and enjoying what we liked doing in a manner that she would find amusing.
You may never know what ETERNAL good can come from a you tube video that you post when you are motivated by a
" Calon Lân ".
Phil. G. Feb 2023
@@philipgibson138 I'm so sorry to hear of your loss. Thank you for sharing your story. I'm glad my video could prompt a fond memory.
For the word “pneuma”…is it pronounced NOO-ma or P’noo-ma? 🤔 is pi silent? EDIT: your singing at the end was so cute ☺️ made me feel like my family was teaching me letters like when I was a kid
That's the correct pronunciation! Other RUclips videos get this wrong!
Είμαι ελληνίδα
Και πραγματικά η προφορά είναι και η άρθρωση είναι εξαιρετική
Ναι
Και εγω
We already know half the language, we just dont know it.
Αξίζει να την μάθεις και δεν είμαι φασίστας απλά σου λέω ότι μπορεί αν σου αρέσει αυτή η γλώσσα να την μάθεις
Coming from a Greek, you have a really good accent, congrats
Gracias profesor por esta lección.
I had to bail out for now. I am just trying to learn the Greek alphabet, I am horrible with foreign languages, I flunked Spanish and German in high school. Now at 65 I thought attempting to get into Koine Kindergarten would be good for my Bible study and brain health. But while these pronunciations might be 100% accurate they are quite different from my online teachers. Nobody says "Vehta", it is "behta" or even "Bate-uh". I might be back in a year or two!
Tim thanks so much for making such a great video. It's awesome that you've spelled the pronunciations of each letter.
One question regarding the song. What are the extra sounds between π and ρ, and between ψ and ω? Thanks!
Also, why is ταυ pronounced as "tav" and not "tau"? is it a special diphthong?
Andrew Flower By the time after the 1st century AD, αυ was pronounced more like /aβ^w/ ~ /aφ^w/ rather than /aw/. Its pronunciation was nearer to modern Greek /av/ ~ /af/.
When υ is after a vowel its pronounced as a v. Otherwise its the same as ι and η
it is not what you eat, it is how much you eat and how you live your life that matter.
For a 'first exposure' to the Greek alphabet ~ I thought this was great repetition! The only thing I didn't like was the 'sighs' when the alphabet was repeated each time. However the song at the end was encouraging! : )
I loved the tune at the end for the whole alphabet.
Thank you for this amazing video! I have a question though; why does there seem to be a combination of accent marks on some letters, and what does it mean for the pronunciation? Thank you!
Nice job my dear friend, still i have some thoughts about the pronunciation of "Η,η" ητα, which even you call it ita you pronunce it as long ε. As far as i know the only chance this happen is probably at some archaic form of greek not even in classic times and as an example i m thinking of the early orthodox chants that they were writen in koine and being used non stop till today from the close cast of the orthodox clerics and definitely they pronunce it as long "i". I believe there is a misunderstanding here and in the west some people tried to recreate the pronunciation through Latin mostly and not with the help of the natural greek speakers which would be more helpful. Also i believe that for the long ε that is missing they used the diphthong "αι" and to support this, i 'll remind you that some of the diphthongs are there all the time like "ου" and also is the reason that after the turning from the more "singing" like way of the classical times pronunciation to the more dynamic of the hellenistic times, the dialytics invented which shows that there was a reason to know when the vowels its pronunced together or not.
Thank you very much for this wonderful video, would you please be able add the pronunciation of diphthongs as well?
Hi sorena81, thanks for the compliment! Please see the companion video on vowels and diphthongs here: ruclips.net/video/MyQk8Nz2qwE/видео.html
Can you tell me what font you used to create your alphabet?
SBL Greek
According to C. C. Caragounis, a prominent Linguist and Grammarian of Greek and scholar of the history of the Greek language, including pronunciation, and native speaker, instantiates by ancient inscriptions and documents that the pronunciation has been the same since the 24 letters of the Greek alphabet today were made official in 403 BCE. The koine is pronounced- keenee. The main proof of HGP, today's Greek Pronunciation is spelling variants, the most common since the 5th century (and earlier) are the interchangeable vowels. Clear examples of words spelled two or three different ways, the difference being the interchanging of certain vowels and digraphs and many found within New Testament manuscripts are a result of orthography, sounds from scribes writing what is dictated in scriptoriums . Plato is quoted concerning this problem. Various letters being used equalling the iota sound: n, u, oi, ei, I. The pronunciation being used by English speaking seminaries for the New Testament is manufactured by Erasmus in 1528, he was duped by colleagues of his, a new pronunciation of Greek they claimed and he introduced it in a story of a conversation between a lion and a bear, this is documented. Caragounis and Dr. Philemon Zackariou both have written on the History, morphology, syntax, phonology, etc. of the HGP=HISTORICAL GREEK PRONUNCIATION. They present evidence, they also present opposing argumentation, and they present phonological, including orthographical spelling differences, and all other aspects of the phonology of Greek. They discuss the whole issue of the language and pronunciation.
Overall excellent pronunciation. My only criticisms are your slight over-aspiration of tau and kappa, your pronunciation of η as a diphthong /ei/ and your σ, which you pronounce as the english /s/ but should be a retracted /s̠/. Keep it up!
Is sigma always pronounced retracted like that, or does it depend on surrounding letters?
Also I think pronunciation of chi is notable. It should be velar /x/ not uvular /χ/ ironically enough.
@@not_milk it's always pronounced retracted
Best video for learning the Greek alphabet! Thank you!
I've run into various koine pronunciation videos, and they all differ with some letters....I understand it's an ancient language, and the actual pronunciation is not known, but it's still a bit frustrating. Anyway, I will trust this version.
as a Greek native speaker you pronounce them very well but you have accent
This is basically modern Greek pronunciation
The writting of words that appears in the video, is anciend Greek.
thank you so much, love your presentation. Martha
You don't use the aspiration. Ημέρα is in ancient greek pronounced "hēméra" not "eiméra" or like today's "iméra". Also the letter "ypsilon" or y-grec was pronounced ad "ü" and in the beginning whith aspiration "hü" . For example υπέρ is "hüpèr" and not "yper" or like today's "iper". Also the letter ōméga is long "ō" like german "oh" . For example ομοίως is "homœōs" and not "omíos" like in today greek. The others are correct, β,γ,δ,θ,Φ,Χ, are really in biblical geek (of new testament) v,ğ,ð,þ,f,ĥ, but in classic ancient greek was b,g,d,th,ph,kh. About the letter ζ, it was pronounced as "dz" and not "z" like in today greek. Also when the letter "η" was in the end it wad pronounced "a", for example "ιστορίη"="ιστορία" historiā" and not "historiē" or ρητίνη-ρεττίνα (ρετσίνα) rhētinā or "Κρήτη" Krētā the same letter "η" in the middle of the word as e-long (ē) and in the end as a-long (ā).
Aspiration started to disappear in colloquial speech as early as the classical period. Most Greek dialects except Attic and some Ionic varieties didn't preserve it in the first place. And since he is talking about the pronunciation of the alphabet during the Hellenistic and Roman period (Koine), to me it's a fair to just omit them, or maybe to pronounce the aspiration at the beginning of a sentence.
@Real Aiglon κανε στην παντα δεν απευθυνομαι σε εσενα χασου απο δω
Very helpful, with the word examples and repeating the whole alphabet up to the point. Thank you.
I like this but I wish you had gone a bit slower. What do you think about doing a ‘chalkboard’ video with this like your Hebrew Aleph-bet? That way we would know how to write upper/lower case along with pronunciation. I would really appreciate it. Thanks!!!
The letters of my doctors be like:
a typo i spotted is the sigma letter, you pronounced it "σιγκμα" instead of actually "σιγμα"
Better get used to these popping up on the news for the next while
Upsilon was still pronounced as u with a umlaut over it in the koine dialects of Greek. It didn't change until the 11 century AD.
Είναι τόσο παράξενο να βλέπω και να ακούω Ελληνικά σε ξενόγλωσσα, κανάλια, σειρές κλπ.
Translation:
I feels so weird to see or hear my mother language ( greek ) spoken or written by foreign people in movies, series, shows etc.
Very good job. A few little mistakes but it's ok.
Greetings from Greece Tim.
Thanks Haris. Yeah, I know about the spelling errors, but youtube doesn't allow you to make corrections and re-upload... Oh well. Someday I'll make a new, perfect one!
What kind of mistakes?
Sorry...
pronunciation of "K" is "k"ey or s"c"ore ?
And Greek p its not like r its more rolling sound
Are there any mistakes in the alphabets spelling or pronunciation? Or just in the examples given?
If you ever going to visit Italy,there is an archaeological site close to Napoli called Cuma Κύμη an ancient Greek city 800 b.c. Greeks build when they migrate that time to the area.So there is a sign from the Italian ministry of culture said ,These people greeks Hellenes who emigrated 800 b c.and build this city cuma give the name of their home city Kymi Κύμη back in Greece to their new city to remember. (Cuma in Latin) "bring with them the Latin alphabet".Thats what they said.
Good Job , is important that you state the era because some people are stupid enough to believe that the pronuciation of ancient greek is just one despite the difference of time and place(dialects and their evolution). By the way the names of some letters also reveal their pronunciation(oh-mikron , oh-mega| eta , e-psilon)
Devin Reese, fallacy. "Phallacy" would possibly refer to something much different! 😄
At 2:00 minutes. Isnt it hemera? Like with a H pronunciation ? Dont know it for sure tho only learned old greek at my school with no actual focus on the pronunciation.
Very nice video, but what I personally miss are the following:
- IPA symbols and/or at least information on sound features (place and manner of articulation, voicing etc.),
- differences in pronunciation depending on location of the letter.
After listening, I'm not sure if your γ is velar or uvular and if in every context (especially if doubled--how would you pronouce αγγελος?) or if your η is monophthongal (it seems you used both, monophtongal and diphthongal pronunciations, but the names of the letters may suggest diphthongal pronunciation). In case of ι, I know is either [i] or [j], but for a newbie it may not be that obvious. And how the heck do you pronounce υ? [i] or [v] depending on the context? And what about digraphs, spiritus asper, accents, and iota subscriptus? The alphabet itself is not enough to be able to read Greek texts. If you describe or have alread described all of that in other videos, only then you may be forgiven. 😉
Few questions for those who are more familiar with the Greek language... In this video, Mr. McNinch pronounces beta (Β) with a "v" sound. And tau (Τ) is pronounced with a "v" at the end. When I first learned Koine Greek, the teacher (who learned Koine in college) pronounced B like "bay-tuh" and T like "tow." I was told that no one truly knows how to pronounce Koine, but I'm sure those who use Modern Greek can chime in and give their two cents.
Is McNinch more accurate the pronunciation of the ancient language?
This is a scholarly reconstruction of what Greek likely sounded like in the Koine era (roughly the time of the New Testament). Your former teacher was using a pronunciation schema called “Erasmian” which was never used by actual Greek speakers. The pronunciation in this video is very similar to Modern Greek, and represents an ancient phase in the development of the language. The most prominent difference is that in Modern Greek more vowels and diphthongs have “itacized” and sound like the letter iota. Hope that helps clarify!
Very helpful work, Tim, thanks for sharing your knowledge.
I have learned that the sound of beta is between 'b' and 'v' as in English and its IPA symbol is just beta.
Now, I have two questions.
1. Isn't the sound of ypsilon like 'u' between consonants in French or 'ü' in German?
2. Isn't the symbol ̔ stand for a hard breath like 'h' in English?
Maybe those were the sounds in Ancient Greek.
Thanks for your answer.
Thank you for your questions.
1. To my ear, the υ does sound like German ü. But I should say I don't know very much German and don't have much experience utilizing the IPA - unless we're talking about India Pale Ales. ;-)
2. In the Erasmian pronunciation system, ' does indicate a rough breathing. But research shows that the rough breathing was not pronounced during the Koine era.
Tim McNinch what are you singing between Psi and Omega?
at the end of the song: και τω τελω, ομεγα... "and at the end, omega."
Tim McNinch I think that «και εν τέλει» would be more correct.
Great video! May I suggest using IPA notation for the pronunciations as well? It might make it easier, if one cannot hear as well, such as myself.
IPA is very helpful ... For those who know it. Sadly no one seems to learn it except for linguists and their students.
It can be difficult to get others to learn it.
Thank you for the video and the effort you put in. I’m trying to find a trustworthy audio/video reading of Mark’s gospel in Koine Greek. I’d like to compare the distinctiveness of the Erasmus sounds, so I can hear the difference…. I don’t wish to learn the wrong one, or, mistakenly hear modern Greek rendition (although I acknowledge comments on here from Native speakers that modern Greek is quite close to koine)…. Any pointers would be helpful. I’ve see the Impressive LUMO project, and while their Mark is using the Byz text, I’m not sure if this is modern Greek sound or 1st C. Sound. Many thanks.
λειπουνε αλλα 3 γραμματα που τα εχουνε βγαλει και εαν το ψαξεις το ελληνικο αλφαβητο ειναι υμνος και απο ενα γραμμα βγαινουνε πολλες λεξεις
Θα ειναί λίγο δύσκολο για άτομα καινούργια στην ελληνική γλώσσα να αρχίσουν από αρχαίους τονισμούς αλλά πιστεύω πως θα βοηθήσει κάποιους πολύ. Καλή δουλειά.
Και εγω ετσι πιστευω
The "Mother" of languages!
I don't know a thing about Greek but the alphabet is just beautiful
Sounds very much like modern Greek!. Moiazei poly meta ton synchonon Hellenikon!
We can all agree that Gamma is the best right?
your phonetcs are very very clear, help me alot. same videos confused me.
Many of these sound good. But I do believe during koine times that χ would be pronounced “k” with an aspirate. So kh as in kite.
Even in modern Greek it doesn’t exactly sound quite like how you have here. It usually has the sound of a velar fricative, rather than the uvular fricative.
Thanks for your video!
Τέλειο βίντεο!
Nice video!
Greetings from Greece!
Τέλειο με μερικά λαθάκια. Ας μην υπερβάλλουμε
Thank you very much !
J'adore cette video , lettres absolument necessaires pour un prof de maths ou de physique .
Okay. These are not the pronunciations i expected. I think, for my purposes it might be more practical to go with modern Greek pronunciation. I can always come back to Koine and impress my archeology friends.
Great video! I hope you can post more lessons. 😃
Okay. So, the differing pronunciations between modern, koine and ancient Greek do make the alphabet just a little annoying for those of us who are only interested in getting as far as being able to pronounce Greek writing. I guess I will have to put together a chart and note all three at once.
Very good video you havd made. It is centpercent cleat to me. Thank you very much for offering a good video.
Not too bad. Preferable to so-called Erasmian pronunciation (actually it is not Erasmus' who was quite accurate if you take into account the Flemish dialect in which he explained what utterances he meant). Actually you are quite right about the consonants except that you should use the Spanish Castillan ones which are near perfect. Zeta was most often zz or dz as it has remained in Italian grigo. gamma was like Spanish "hard" g (French r is too harsh especially before i, u, e), beta like Spanish v, that is to say fricative bilabial, delta like Spanish d between two vowels. Upsilon was like Swedish y or even more like Polish or Russian y in bylo, not like French u or German-Turkish ü. Eta was like Russian yï as in Sergyï, though Hey! is not too bad an imitation. Ei most often hard to tell from iota was like English ee, while iota was like i in machine, technique.
I'm so stupid that I didn't realise that they actually used the letters in words
Beta is "v", gamma is "gh", but eta is still "é", not "i"?
Yes. The research shows that during the koine era, η still was é and hadn’t yet “itacized” as it eventually did (as in Modern Greek). Similar story with υ and οι which also eventually itacized.
It is amazing how many mistakes there are in this video. Espacially the way you pronounce the example words and even more specific the letter "η"
@Konstantin Trehagyrevopoulos και στο βήτα βάζει ένα έψιλον μέσα.
I need this for my Latin exam thank you
T is actually pronounced as taf (think of the word tough).
What are the differences between Koine Greek and modern Greek in regards to how the alphabet is pronounced? For example when did Beta turn into Veta?
But what happened to the breathing marks? You ignored them in your pronunciation. Was that an oversight (hard to imagine!) or were they not used in Koine?
Many scholars conclude that rough breathing mark was not pronounced in the Koine era (but was still included for spelling distinctions). That’s still the case for Modern Greek.
thank you for this wonderful video.
I am learning Greek and this was helpful, but is this pronunciation is the same as modern Greek ?
Not quite. It represents a dialect that would have been used during the Koine era (including the time the New Testament was composed). The language has evolved since then, and in particular, many of the vowels have migrated toward the sound of iota.
Actually, only the pronunciation of eta turned to iota. Otherwise, the pronunciation is the same. Pronunciation of Classik Greek was different from Modern ones.
A NATIVE GREEK
@@timmcninch How do we know what somebody sounded like in the Koine era?
I am really feeling this
thank you so much!