Great video! Regarding the ones that use their own viral polymerase, which ones bring the polymerase "ready-to-go", and which ones need to have their polymerase transcribed and translated by the host machinery first?
That is a great question that unfortunately does not have one universal answer. First of all, it is worth noting that there are 4 polymerase types RdRp, RdDp, DdRp, DdDp and since RdRp is generally unique to viruses, (-) sense RNA viruses must include it in their virions, while (+) sense are already mRNA and can produce the RdRp. Reverse transcriptases on the other hand have been found in bacteria, animals, and plants, but viral reverse transcriptases are often co-packaged in the virion. Double stranded RNA viruses also typically package several RdRp into the capsid. dsDNA viruses, typically translocate to the nucleus and rely on host cell translational machinery; and ssDNA viruses are oftentimes replicated by rolling circle replication again using host cell polymerases. Having said that, there are unique exceptions to almost every category, so for further reading, I recommend: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30279282 and www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/negative-strand-rna-virus
are there additional steps on group 7 i mean is there a process where dsDNA is converted into RNA by rt and then back into dsDNA so mRNA can be transcribed?
It is a great question! Category IV viruses (e.g. Coronavirus) have a capped and polyadenylated (PolyA) tail, just like mRNA. This allows for direct translation of their genome into proteins. Category VI viruses have ITRs on either end of their +ssRNA genome (this is very different from the structure of normal mRNA). As such, Category VI viruses are first reverse transcribed and then integrated into the genome. After genomic integration, the capping and PolyA addition is performed by cellular enzymes as with the standard transcription-translation process. Let me know if this helps.
Positive and Negative sense refers to the two strands in double stranded RNA (or DNA). mRNA is by definition always Positive, and the complement strand is always Negative. Hope that helps!
One of the best videos to understand Baltimore Classification..it took 4 minutes to understand the whole classification
Excellent, glad that the video was helpful!
it has now took me three weeks to understand this Baltimore classification, and finally am there. thank you
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I was actually studying these from last 3-4 days and finally got it. Thank you 😊
Thank, glad it was helpful!
Amazing. Simple and effective, even for someone like me who doesnt fully understand english it was very helpful. Thank you!
This video explains everything that I was trying to understand for nearly 4 hours. In 4 minutes is outstanding, Thank you!
" we're lucky to have only 7 gorups" :')
I know right?😩
Hhhhhhjhhhhh
Right
For now...:)
😂
Well done bro! I'm writing clinical Virology tomorrow and this is brilliant. Thanks so much
Thank you, this is help me to understand baltimore classification after struggling for 2 weeks:')
Nice video, thanks! God Bless you!
Amazing video. I think the best explanation video for this topic out there!
Very concise and easily understood! thanks so much
awesome.. simple and easy to understand. thank you
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Thanks, using this for dentistry will reccomend it to my classmates
Great video! Regarding the ones that use their own viral polymerase, which ones bring the polymerase "ready-to-go", and which ones need to have their polymerase transcribed and translated by the host machinery first?
That is a great question that unfortunately does not have one universal answer. First of all, it is worth noting that there are 4 polymerase types RdRp, RdDp, DdRp, DdDp and since RdRp is generally unique to viruses, (-) sense RNA viruses must include it in their virions, while (+) sense are already mRNA and can produce the RdRp. Reverse transcriptases on the other hand have been found in bacteria, animals, and plants, but viral reverse transcriptases are often co-packaged in the virion. Double stranded RNA viruses also typically package several RdRp into the capsid. dsDNA viruses, typically translocate to the nucleus and rely on host cell translational machinery; and ssDNA viruses are oftentimes replicated by rolling circle replication again using host cell polymerases. Having said that, there are unique exceptions to almost every category, so for further reading, I recommend: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30279282 and www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/negative-strand-rna-virus
@@generalmicrobiology Wow, thank you so much! Very appreciated.
Great explanation, thank you so much!!
are there additional steps on group 7 i mean is there a process where dsDNA is converted into RNA by rt and then back into dsDNA so mRNA can be transcribed?
Thanks for the video!
Think u
Super thank u 🙏
Is the audio cut or sum?
Why cant class VI act likeclass IV and directly produce mRNA if its already a sense strand
It is a great question! Category IV viruses (e.g. Coronavirus) have a capped and polyadenylated (PolyA) tail, just like mRNA. This allows for direct translation of their genome into proteins. Category VI viruses have ITRs on either end of their +ssRNA genome (this is very different from the structure of normal mRNA). As such, Category VI viruses are first reverse transcribed and then integrated into the genome. After genomic integration, the capping and PolyA addition is performed by cellular enzymes as with the standard transcription-translation process. Let me know if this helps.
Fire
Sorry but what does positive and negative sense mean
Positive and Negative sense refers to the two strands in double stranded RNA (or DNA). mRNA is by definition always Positive, and the complement strand is always Negative. Hope that helps!
Dr Stefan Lanka
Nice thanks but the voice may be better
Again thanks for your work
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annen
i fell asleep
HeyItsAyuni Musfirah good night
More clear !