Raymond Cattell Trait Theory of Personality | Approaches | stages of development | 16PF

Raymond Cattell's theory of personality is based on the concept that human traits can be quantified and measured. He developed the 16 Personality Factor (16PF) model, identifying 16 primary traits that underlie personality. These traits range from warmth, emotional stability, dominance, and intelligence, to more specific traits like openness to change and self-reliance. Cattell also distinguished between surface traits (observable behaviors) and source traits (underlying factors). By using factor analysis, he proposed that personality can be described through a combination of these 16 core traits. His theory emphasizes that personality is not just shaped by environment or biology, but also by the interaction of multiple dimensions of traits. Cattell’s work provided a scientific, structured approach to personality assessment, widely used in psychology and counseling.
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