Deductive and Inductive Reasoning Flow Chart: Valid vs Invalid, Strong vs Weak, Sound vs Unsound

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  • Опубликовано: 2 янв 2025

Комментарии • 142

  • @katherinesherlock4864
    @katherinesherlock4864 3 месяца назад +15

    This really did help me so much! My exam is today and I have been religiously studying this video. You break it down in a way that was easy for me to understand and memorize.

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  3 месяца назад +1

      Aww! My first "Super Thanks". Appreciate your support! Good luck on your exam today. 🙂

  • @butterfly-xe4tf
    @butterfly-xe4tf 2 года назад +112

    you just made me not regret for the whole week of me zoning out in class while my teacher was lecturing. I LOVE YOUR WORK AND YOUR VOICE.

    • @Kiko355-
      @Kiko355- 9 месяцев назад +2

      agreed

  • @christiangoran6621
    @christiangoran6621 Год назад +75

    Thank you for this. 8 min explained it to me better than 9 hours of lectures has done so far.

    • @e.cforest5422
      @e.cforest5422 9 месяцев назад +3

      Try not going to a university. I completed the entire Logic and Critical Thinking COURSE in my online class in 7.5 hours and I take my test today. In person university is a waste of money.

    • @24hrs_promise54
      @24hrs_promise54 8 месяцев назад

      I'm writing on fridday 😹💪hopefully it's gonna work for me too

    • @Red-lm7re
      @Red-lm7re 3 месяца назад

      If you really think you learned here better than 9 hours of lecture, then you should stop studying logic.
      On a different note. Really, you just need the flow chart and you can understand this within a minute.

    • @dkf28
      @dkf28 2 месяца назад

      @@e.cforest5422 Could you recommend me a way to study Logic and Critical thinking without uni please ?? I am a scientific student and I want that skill to improve deduction skills, but I don't want to pay for that course.

  • @r.c.5827
    @r.c.5827 2 года назад +23

    This is the best I've seen on the issue, especially in pointing out the difference between addressing the reasoning and addressing whether the premises are true.

  • @joxayah5136
    @joxayah5136 2 года назад +15

    Holy **** I might actually pass my exam now. Thank you so much!!!!!!

    • @fishsticks5010
      @fishsticks5010 10 месяцев назад +1

      What swear word has only two letters in it?

  • @apha5936
    @apha5936 Год назад +4

    OMG!! This is definitely the BEST explanation ever. This will surely help me pass my Critical Thinking exam

  • @VictoriaAngelinaLeighton-Nolly
    @VictoriaAngelinaLeighton-Nolly Год назад +4

    A whole semester explained in one video :) thank you so much :)

  • @laurenmcconnell4838
    @laurenmcconnell4838 Год назад +6

    Thank you!!! I’ve been struggling this past week on this topic. Best video/explanation yet🙏🏼

  • @Theonejearbear
    @Theonejearbear Год назад +2

    I've literally watched 13 other videos about these topics and this was the only one that made me click! Thank you so much!

  • @kiki12333
    @kiki12333 Год назад +3

    I have an exam on Sunday and this video alone helped me feel a lot more confident in these concepts. Thank you!

  • @HalaAAbbas-km2zo
    @HalaAAbbas-km2zo 3 дня назад

    Great work!
    Very simple and straightforward! Thank you.

  • @aa3ali4
    @aa3ali4 Год назад +2

    Your explanation is amazing. Thank you for simplifying Mr. Schopenhauer's book ( the art of being right ).

  • @calebchuks4058
    @calebchuks4058 8 месяцев назад +1

    Another brother from another world, i had this type of master diagram for my students, except the cogent and not cogent. Thanks your graphics and explanations are flawless.

  • @Andreatuzze
    @Andreatuzze 11 месяцев назад +2

    this was the best video about logic I've seen so far thank you so much. Especially about soundness, so an argument to makes sense has to be sound. because it can work logically when it's a valid( or a tautology) but still making "no sense in the real world" because the premises are false. And finally all sound arguments are valid but not every valid argument is sound

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  11 месяцев назад

      Sounds like you got it. Right on! 🙂

  • @thanhnguyendafa9138
    @thanhnguyendafa9138 4 месяца назад +1

    I was stuck at what is Sound not SOund cogent and not cogent. Now I understand. Much appriciated your explanation bro

  • @itsaysunb
    @itsaysunb 8 месяцев назад

    I wanted to express my gratitude for the incredible video you created. Your explanation was clear, concise, and immensely helpful in preparing for my exam. Your dedication to providing quality content on RUclips is truly commendable, and it’s people like you who make learning enjoyable and accessible for everyone. Keep up the fantastic work, and know that you’re making a significant impact on your audience’s lives. 👏🏽

  • @coconutyesse
    @coconutyesse 6 месяцев назад +1

    Thanks for sharing! Your video makes me understand these logic fundamentals in 5 minutes!

  • @nouhsaid9423
    @nouhsaid9423 2 года назад +3

    Thank you so much this video iwatch when I start the first semester of the year ,semester 7, thats so incredible the way to explaining the lesson , again I appreciate you for the helping this course, long life.

  • @elizabethjean2709
    @elizabethjean2709 Год назад

    Ni vs Ne
    This is the best video I've seen in 15 years.

  • @hanhanhanool1738
    @hanhanhanool1738 Год назад +3

    Great video! Love the examples provided for each. Many thanks

  • @lauraspg909
    @lauraspg909 6 месяцев назад

    Thank you, for the easy breakdown, I wish the professor would have sent this to me in the beginning of the course. I also appreciate the pace you used throughout the video.

  • @lashelleharvey5208
    @lashelleharvey5208 Год назад +4

    Awesome flow chart 👌🏾 Thank you!

  • @sevilbeg
    @sevilbeg Месяц назад

    Thank you for the precise,great description ! I believe it will do wonders for my critical thinking midterm today.

  • @HipHopRepair
    @HipHopRepair 11 месяцев назад

    Seen 30 videos on that topic and this is by far the best! You got a new subscriber

  • @meteora8888
    @meteora8888 4 месяца назад

    Thanks so much for this. Very well explained and easily understood. Fantastic teaching 👍👍👍

  • @LetsGetLogical
    @LetsGetLogical  2 года назад +12

    PDF of the chart available here:
    drive.google.com/file/d/1r45Dq1hZpJWtkPNeiXm7TOqjuYV6Xv56/view?usp=sharing

    • @domoxd3020
      @domoxd3020 Год назад

      Where is the link for the color chart? I'm going to take a screenshot for now but I would looove an original file. Thank you for your work!!! I totally understood it based on your flow chart.

  • @lindseyc2163
    @lindseyc2163 Год назад +1

    Thank you! I've been struggling in class and this is helping clear some things up.

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад

      My students have trouble with it too. That's why I made the video. 🙂
      Glad it helped!

  • @Mpp788
    @Mpp788 7 месяцев назад +2

    Thanks to you I’m ready for my finals

  • @avatar2580
    @avatar2580 5 месяцев назад

    Best lecture ever seen in this topic.... Thank you all the way from India

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  5 месяцев назад

      @avatar2580 Glad it helped! I get a lot of viewers from India. Is there a test of some kind that is driving students to search for this content? What other kinds of logic videos would be helpful?

  • @Noah0BC
    @Noah0BC 6 дней назад

    Super exciting tutorial 🎉
    I wish if there was a questions at the end.

  • @miss.nareshsharma1690
    @miss.nareshsharma1690 6 месяцев назад +1

    Thank you so much for explaining it in a easier way🎉🎉🎉

  • @dangleroot388
    @dangleroot388 6 дней назад

    This is way better than boring classes for WGU thank you I hate college

  • @zalakmodi9519
    @zalakmodi9519 Год назад +1

    This video is amazing and helped me learning hidden parts of reading listening and writing and speaking. thank you

  • @cuseyeti_one8three
    @cuseyeti_one8three Год назад +7

    I don't know why Sally wouldn't like that jaguar. That is a perfectly fine jaguar.

  • @hamzazad5258
    @hamzazad5258 Год назад +1

    Very helpful chart. You explained it perfectly...also this guy uses a lot of animal examples, therefore he must really love animals.

  • @britc2792
    @britc2792 Год назад +2

    ive been struggling to understand this for years. Thank you so much for explaining it so clearly with a chart and examples. I wish I seen this sooner!

  • @davidarcher4651
    @davidarcher4651 6 месяцев назад

    you tokk a different approach to explaining which I liked. The examples were really good too

  • @kathysmall6303
    @kathysmall6303 3 месяца назад +1

    I could hug you for this!!!!!!!!!!!

  • @kristinrosendale4705
    @kristinrosendale4705 Год назад

    Fantastic video! I finally understand. I really struggled with this in my social choice math class, should really help for my logic class next semester!! Thank you

  • @Sigmaguys515
    @Sigmaguys515 8 месяцев назад

    The best mr ever thank you for your effort

  • @shaunsanders9673
    @shaunsanders9673 2 месяца назад

    Excellent explanation - thanks!

  • @wdbryAREEJ
    @wdbryAREEJ 10 месяцев назад

    It’s soooo nice i love your sond and how you explained in easy way keep going 👌🏼👌🏼👌🏼

  • @HajraArshad-o1w
    @HajraArshad-o1w 10 месяцев назад

    thank you for this good video.this video cleared my all confusions.

  • @Zephyrmist7999
    @Zephyrmist7999 4 месяца назад

    Thank you very much, I've learned a lot from you.

  • @alexandriadettmann4843
    @alexandriadettmann4843 3 месяца назад +2

    No way you just made it sound comprehensible, my teacher started talking like Shakespeare talking about this…. 😭

  • @Apeuda
    @Apeuda 8 месяцев назад

    cleanest explanation ever

  • @GoShakey
    @GoShakey Год назад

    Wow, this video really helped open my brain this subject! Thank you I was having trouble at first.

  • @MayA-xm2fi
    @MayA-xm2fi 2 года назад +1

    Thank you for this video
    It really helped me know the differences

  • @kaythadarsoe6577
    @kaythadarsoe6577 3 месяца назад +1

    That is really helpful.

  • @AbebeMersha-ir2bc
    @AbebeMersha-ir2bc 24 дня назад

    You are awesome god bless you❤ let's go to the exam💃

  • @AttilaM-p6x
    @AttilaM-p6x 3 месяца назад

    A beautiful video, thank you!

  • @renexxx970
    @renexxx970 Месяц назад +1

    it mega pisses me off my professor linked some sh!!t videos explaning this stuff when this video was sitting pretty right here

  • @mencken8
    @mencken8 8 месяцев назад +2

    Will the chart in any way enable me to induce or deduce why there is a wrinkle dog in the thumbnail?

  • @sofe_9023
    @sofe_9023 Год назад +1

    2:04 can this example be an inductive reasoning?

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +2

      Sure! Maybe the person is just trying to give *evidence* that Mary has a pet penguin. The fact that Mary's pet is black and white _does_ increase the probability that it's a penguin. So, yeah-this argument could be construed as inductive. (But note that it would be a _weak_ inductive argument. The mere fact that Mary's pet is black and white does not make it probable, all things considered, that it's a penguin.)

    • @sofe_9023
      @sofe_9023 Год назад +1

      @@LetsGetLogical Nice and clear! Thanks a lot

    • @Potencyfunction
      @Potencyfunction 17 дней назад

      @@LetsGetLogical Mary can have PETs when she will be able to produce by herself to have PETs.

  • @Vegastellar
    @Vegastellar 2 года назад

    Thank u for this video good examples and easy to understand!! U are good at what you do

  • @anushk444
    @anushk444 4 месяца назад

    This is so interesting !!! thanks a lot

  • @joodd6603
    @joodd6603 Год назад

    Awesome vid, thanks for posting.

  • @ilyn3520
    @ilyn3520 2 года назад +1

    Thank you so so so much❤❤❤

  • @mohamsterto6880
    @mohamsterto6880 Год назад +1

    OMG thank you so much!!!

  • @kobbygbena861
    @kobbygbena861 Год назад +1

    How'd i distinguish between an invalid deductive argument and inductive argument. Still dont quite get it

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +2

      Insightful question! Assume the premises are true. And they make the conclusion probable but _not_ guaranteed. Is it a successful inductive argument or a failed deductive argument?
      Answer: it depends! If the argument is put forward with the aim of guaranteeing the conclusion, then it is an invalid deductive argument. But if the argument is put forward with the aim of making the conclusion probable, then it is a strong inductive argument.
      "Valid" and "strong" are terms of evaluation. But they're evaluating different things. So in the case you're talking about, if we ask "Is the reasoning any good?" the answer is: "Well, it's a good inductive argument (strong) but a bad deductive argument (invalid)."

  • @AbCd-k1t6q
    @AbCd-k1t6q Год назад +2

    Man you're different.

  • @oneeyedpapi8058
    @oneeyedpapi8058 Месяц назад +1

    im still confused and i have taken a test that includes all of this 8 times already and thinking that college is not for me because of all th countless hours that i have invested in this one class and i hear it not the hardest class in my degree 🙃

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Месяц назад +1

      Yes, many people find it difficult. You're not alone! If it turns out college is not for you, remember that many, many people carve out a good life for themselves in other ways. For instance, one of my friends is a plumber and another is a corrections officer. They both make much more money than I do. Best wishes.

    • @oneeyedpapi8058
      @oneeyedpapi8058 Месяц назад

      @@LetsGetLogical yes, sometimes i feel like that like im in way over my head but i want to surprise my parents and make them proud of this black sheep. im going to study 8 hours everyday until i get it even if it kills me😅

  • @夫劲-m3o
    @夫劲-m3o 11 месяцев назад

    Thanks a lot, I hope my philosophy professor can explain course contents as clear as you do. 😢

  • @JTan-fq6vy
    @JTan-fq6vy 6 месяцев назад

    Thanks for the great video! For inductive reasoning, I am curious how to precisely measure whether an argument is strong or weak? Any quantitative methods, such as causal inference, could play a role here?

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  6 месяцев назад

      Great question. The precision you're asking about is exactly what the discipline of Statistics is for. But in the case of everyday inductive reasoning, it tends to be just common sense ball park estimates of probability, nothing precise.

    • @JTan-fq6vy
      @JTan-fq6vy 6 месяцев назад

      ​@@LetsGetLogicalThank you! Would you mind sharing some (introductory) books or references of statistical-based inductive reasoning?

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  6 месяцев назад +1

      Don't have any book recommendations off the top of my head but do a search on Bayesian reasoning and you'll have a fun rabbit hole to go down.

  • @sophiem9682
    @sophiem9682 11 месяцев назад

    You are amazing. Thank you.

  • @nopekitty
    @nopekitty Год назад

    i’ve watched this video 100 times this semester… todays the final

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад

      Good luck!

    • @nopekitty
      @nopekitty Год назад

      @@LetsGetLogical went super well thanks to you 🙏🏼🙏🏼

  • @dotheworkreacts1191
    @dotheworkreacts1191 Год назад +1

    Darn. The PDFs are no longer available

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +1

      I think I might have fixed it. Thanks for bringing to my attention.

  • @zedmak
    @zedmak 3 месяца назад

    This was awesome

  • @tien_lnt
    @tien_lnt 2 года назад

    Very helpful. Thank you. 👍

  • @Examsucceed
    @Examsucceed Год назад +1

    u are so fantastic

  • @grippysockgf
    @grippysockgf 5 месяцев назад

    You're amazing thank you

  • @oliviacloran9558
    @oliviacloran9558 Год назад +1

    very helpful thank you

  • @WhileSilent
    @WhileSilent 3 месяца назад

    Helpful, thank you

  • @worku-bb5qz1mf8k
    @worku-bb5qz1mf8k 11 месяцев назад

    Thanks you 🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @mahider.__
    @mahider.__ 11 месяцев назад

    thank you. JUST THANK YOU

  • @AbenezerAyele-ce9fh
    @AbenezerAyele-ce9fh Год назад

    Nice presentation

  • @BobbyJ529
    @BobbyJ529 2 года назад +1

    When you're listening to an argument live do you automatically mark the premises and conclusions intuitively as they come up or is this something you still have to stop and think about?

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  2 года назад +3

      Depends! But yes, sometimes it takes some work in real time to identify the premises and conclusion, especially with a wordy, unclear speaker (or author).

  • @nadimitani
    @nadimitani Год назад

    Very useful video!

  • @unitainium3669
    @unitainium3669 Год назад +1

    amazing thank you

  • @Thebigflatmeeseburger
    @Thebigflatmeeseburger 3 месяца назад +1

    U beautiful human being u saved me

  • @nopekitty
    @nopekitty Год назад

    ur the besttttt

  • @FasilWorku-el8ge
    @FasilWorku-el8ge Год назад

    Amazing

  • @estifanos9981
    @estifanos9981 2 года назад

    Thanks man, this was great

  • @djb5320
    @djb5320 Год назад +1

    this should be taught in churches and mosques etc.

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +1

      Agreed! Members of faith communities would do well to think hard about the relationship between faith and reason.

  • @pareshbasnet1136
    @pareshbasnet1136 Год назад +1

    thank you, this worked like magic

  • @domoxd3020
    @domoxd3020 Год назад

    You are so awesome

  • @SJTowne
    @SJTowne Год назад

    Still so quiet!!! But great content. 😉

  • @SUMMER-NINJA-
    @SUMMER-NINJA- 2 года назад

    Thank you

  • @artzy-g2b
    @artzy-g2b 5 месяцев назад

    1:41

  • @ruthmkonda713
    @ruthmkonda713 Год назад +1

    Omg, I love you! 😂

  • @andrewvirtue5048
    @andrewvirtue5048 Год назад

    This video is misinforming the public. It is explaining deductive reasoning as taking two statements to gather a conclusion. That is INductive reasoning. Starting around 1:56.
    Deductive reasoning is taking the results to find the data. A breakdown into a conclusion. Inductive reasoning is a buildup into a conclusion; taking the data to find results.

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +2

      @andrewvirtue5048 Thanks for dropping in. Appreciate your challenge. You sound like someone who is interested in this stuff, so I'd encourage you to take a look at some standard resources like the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy or one of the common undergraduate-level logic books such as Hurley's A Concise Introduction to Logic, Copi's Introduction to Logic, or Herrick's Introduction to Logic (which is the text I use).
      I think you'll stand to benefit by comparing the view presented in these academic sources with your own view of inductive and deductive reasoning. Either by sharpening your own view, or coming to have a greater appreciation for how contemporary logicians frame these concepts. It's true the distinction can be characterized in different ways, but the characterization I give here is the most common.

  • @rejected4760
    @rejected4760 Год назад

    I have been studying this topic lately.
    But I have issues with the definition of Valid.
    There are 10 animals in the barn.
    They are either cows or cats.
    There are not 9 cows in the barn.
    There is exactly 1 cat in the barn.
    This argument is not valid. However let's say the premise that there are not 9 cows in the barn is false. Then the conclusion must be true.

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +1

      @rejected4760 Hmmm. I don't see it. Like you suggested, let's say the premise that there are _not_ 9 cows in the barn is false. And let's say it's because in fact there are 10 cows in the barn. Well, then it does _not_ follow logically that there is exactly 1 cat in the barn (because there are 0 cats in the barn). Or perhaps I misunderstood you.

    • @rejected4760
      @rejected4760 Год назад

      @@LetsGetLogical
      if the premise "There are not 9 cows in the barn." is false then tere must be 9 cows in the barn.
      so the conclusion has to be true that means the conclusion is guaranteed to be true if premise 1 and 2 are true and premise 3 is false.
      and since like you said the actual value of true or false does not matter, this argument should be valid. the 3rd premise is just negated and thats where my issue lies.
      just negate one premise and the definition of valid doesnt apply anymore

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  Год назад +1

      Doh! I missed the double negation of "It is _not_ the case that there are _not_ 9 cows in the barn." Ah, the dangers of trying to do careful philosophy on the fly in comment sections of YT. 🙂

  • @Cantbuyathrill
    @Cantbuyathrill Год назад

    The right conclusion is that
    "Penguins have nine lives"

  • @JoseBrionesAvila
    @JoseBrionesAvila 9 месяцев назад

    I love you bro

  • @NN-tk7uw
    @NN-tk7uw 11 месяцев назад

    Loved the video but that background music was torture

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  11 месяцев назад

      Ha ha, yeah, I go back and forth on the value of background music. It's hard to get right. I thought this was subtle enough but I know what you mean about the pain of a bad track.

    • @NN-tk7uw
      @NN-tk7uw 11 месяцев назад

      @@LetsGetLogical I'm back for more!

  • @JohnTung-j7f
    @JohnTung-j7f Год назад

    love you

  • @Garyskinner2422
    @Garyskinner2422 2 года назад +1

    I'm still waiting for a sound or cojent argument for a god/gods actually existing

    • @LetsGetLogical
      @LetsGetLogical  2 года назад +3

      @Gary Skinner, interestingly, there _are_ cogent and sound arguments for or against God's existence... we just don't know which ones they are! Here's what I mean: to identify an argument as cogent or sound, we must identify whether the premises are true or false. There are valid and strong arguments for and against God's existence-so the only remaining question is whether the claims put forward in the premises are actually true. If the premises put forward by the atheists are true, then they have cogent and sound arguments against God. If the premises put forward by the theists are true, then _they_ are the ones who have cogent and sound arguments _for_ God. But the premises are contested by both sides. So nobody knows which side in the debate has the cogent and sound arguments.
      This is a common situation in philosophy. It all comes down to a certain premise and it's an unsettled, open question whether that premise is true or false.

    • @Garyskinner2422
      @Garyskinner2422 2 года назад +2

      @@LetsGetLogical yes I understand cojent and sound arguments, I absolutely don't know whether or not a god in fact exists, but the time to believe. Ie you think the proposition is true is when evidence points to such to justify the belief, I know people believe for good and bad reasons absolutely. I want to believe in as many true things as possible thus I'd like evidence which points to truth in reality with a small t.
      I know we can't ever be sure 100% of anything (brain in a vat) or life being a program, simulation etc, not that I advocate for this at all. We can only go with what we have at present. Furthermore athiests like me (not hard) don't claim to argue against a god I'm an agnostic atheist and thus I'm simply just not convinced with the conclusion that a god indeed exists, I'm not saying I know a god doesn't exist and therefore adopting the burden of proof.
      Simply I find the argument for God unconvincing atm unless I receive further information that sways me. Cheers bud ps soundness points to the premises being actually true that's what's missing in my view.

  • @Cantbuyathrill
    @Cantbuyathrill Год назад

    Kosher and Unkosher

  • @aysegulerarslan8314
    @aysegulerarslan8314 2 года назад

    👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

  • @iuseyoutubealot
    @iuseyoutubealot 11 месяцев назад

    all banana esters can fly how is that a true premise