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0:56 actually it wouldn’t be the exactly the same since most of the sun will be shed so the black hole would smaller probably 0.6 of what we have now , what you mean to say is a equivalent size black hole wouldn’t be noticed except for the thermal heat we get from it .
🌌 🧑🚀 ✨This Is How The Universe Works✨🌌 🧑🚀 Return To Mars!!👽🪐🛸🌌 The trench represents depression!! Like a cut, it will need a band-aid!👩⚕️ 🏥 Like a “River Running Through It”, water represents a liquid band-aid for this depression!! 🌊 🌊 🌊🌊🌊 Turning a frown, upside down!!🙃🙂 Raise our consciousness and like a liquid band-aid, all is good in the universe again!! 😇Fairytale and masterpiece type of shit we’re talking about here!! 📚 🧞♂️ 🕯️ 🏰 👸 🐻 🐾 It’s like we’re inside Mars and Mars kinda represents our skull!!💀 The depression is a crack!! Also a mind that has now been split opened by a lightning strike!! 🤯⚡️ 🦇 Releasing pleasant gasses for sure!!🦨 💨 🦨 💨 🦨💨🦨 Now picture Mars and that crack!! 👁️ The Ghostbusters ooze, oozing out of that crack!! 🤢🤮👻 TMNT!! Secret of the ooze!! Turtle Power!! 🐢 Creating mutations!!! 🧬 Our consciousness aka water and star stuff, oozing from the crack and tapping us into higher dimensions!! 🌌 It’s getting juicy!! 🍍 🍍 🍍🍍🍍😋 Galaxy collisions creating heaven on Earth!! Our Stairway To Heaven!!🌍 👼🪽☮️😇🥳 Our Never Ending Story!! 🐺 📖 🐌 🪨 🕯️ Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾 That picture of Mars and the trench would also represent a seed that is about to sprout!!🌱 🌹 🐼 For a human in depression, it would represent them coming out of it, of course!!😇🌍👼☮️⚡️🤯👽🛸🪐 MOMentum and energy then create the fusion we need to thrust ourselves beyond Jupiter and towards the furthest stars!! ✨ 🌌 The same as a tree like Devils Tower becoming the Tower Of The Gods!! The same as a Sequoia reaching for the furthest stars!! Trying to seek more light!!💡 🌳 We can definitely imagine we’re the Earth itself and to level up, we push through that seed which is Mars!!🌍🌱🍄🟫👽🛸🌌✨ Belief is a powerful drug!! ⛄️ ❄️ We’re going radioactive!!☢️ 🍊 🫐 🎆 😮 Imagine Dragons!!🐉 The same way the Great Lakes come together to form the heart of the ocean and dragon heart!!🐉 💜 😮We can also imagine us doing the same!!😮 🐘 🐾 🪘 Mridangam!!🥸 The water swooshing, no different than the galaxies!!🌌 😇😇 🌌 Two cites squashing their crosstown beef!!🥩 🐄 🌆 🏙️ It bee like crosstown traffic!! Awakening goddesses and creating a frenzy of electrons!! Electra!! 👸 🐻 🏰 🐊 🌳 🍯 🐝 🐝 The Earth 🌍 is like a ball of yarn, 🧶 🐈⬛ when we imagine we’re each a string creating music throughout the universe!!🎸🎶 That makes the Seattle Space Needle our needle for the yarn and the fabric of space!! 🌌 🪡🧑🚀🪐🛸 String Theory!!👩🏫 Quantum mechanics!! 👻 👩🏫 Light is a wave made of particles!! Like beads!! 😮❤ This universe and goddess giving away her beads!! Mardi Gras!!!😂🥰🥳 This means a planetary alignment or purrade 😻, would be like a shooting star 💫 or beam of light!! 🌞 Probably pointing towards Orion!! 🐈⬛🧶Waking the universe up!! Orion shows his O face!! O, I’m the universe!! 🛌 🐶 🎾 🐾 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸 Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾 My cosmic perspective!! 🐶 🐾 🎾
@@EliasMheart 🌌 🧑🚀 ✨This Is How The Universe Works✨🌌 🧑🚀 Return To Mars!!👽🪐🛸🌌 The trench represents depression!! Like a cut, it will need a band-aid!👩⚕️ 🏥 Like a “River Running Through It”, water represents a liquid band-aid for this depression!! 🌊 🌊 🌊🌊🌊 Turning a frown, upside down!!🙃🙂 Raise our consciousness and like a liquid band-aid, all is good in the universe again!! 😇Fairytale and masterpiece type of shit we’re talking about here!! 📚 🧞♂️ 🕯️ 🏰 👸 🐻 🐾 It’s like we’re inside Mars and Mars kinda represents our skull!!💀 The depression is a crack!! Also a mind that has now been split opened by a lightning strike!! 🤯⚡️ 🦇 Releasing pleasant gasses for sure!!🦨 💨 🦨 💨 🦨💨🦨 Now picture Mars and that crack!! 👁️ The Ghostbusters ooze, oozing out of that crack!! 🤢🤮👻 TMNT!! Secret of the ooze!! Turtle Power!! 🐢 Creating mutations!!! 🧬 Our consciousness aka water and star stuff, oozing from the crack and tapping us into higher dimensions!! 🌌 It’s getting juicy!! 🍍 🍍 🍍🍍🍍😋 Galaxy collisions creating heaven on Earth!! Our Stairway To Heaven!!🌍 👼🪽☮️😇🥳 Our Never Ending Story!! 🐺 📖 🐌 🪨 🕯️ Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾 That picture of Mars and the trench would also represent a seed that is about to sprout!!🌱 🌹 🐼 For a human in depression, it would represent them coming out of it, of course!!😇🌍👼☮️⚡️🤯👽🛸🪐 MOMentum and energy then create the fusion we need to thrust ourselves beyond Jupiter and towards the furthest stars!! ✨ 🌌 The same as a tree like Devils Tower becoming the Tower Of The Gods!! The same as a Sequoia reaching for the furthest stars!! Trying to seek more light!!💡 🌳 We can definitely imagine we’re the Earth itself and to level up, we push through that seed which is Mars!!🌍🌱🍄🟫👽🛸🌌✨ Belief is a powerful drug!! ⛄️ ❄️ We’re going radioactive!!☢️ 🍊 🫐 🎆 😮 Imagine Dragons!!🐉 The same way the Great Lakes come together to form the heart of the ocean and dragon heart!!🐉 💜 😮We can also imagine us doing the same!!😮 🐘 🐾 🪘 Mridangam!!🥸 The water swooshing, no different than the galaxies!!🌌 😇😇 🌌 Two cites squashing their crosstown beef!!🥩 🐄 🌆 🏙️ It bee like crosstown traffic!! Awakening goddesses and creating a frenzy of electrons!! Electra!! 👸 🐻 🏰 🐊 🌳 🍯 🐝 🐝 The Earth 🌍 is like a ball of yarn, 🧶 🐈⬛ when we imagine we’re each a string creating music throughout the universe!!🎸🎶 That makes the Seattle Space Needle our needle for the yarn and the fabric of space!! 🌌 🪡🧑🚀🪐🛸 String Theory!!👩🏫 Quantum mechanics!! 👻 👩🏫 Light is a wave made of particles!! Like beads!! 😮❤ This universe and goddess giving away her beads!! Mardi Gras!!!😂🥰🥳 This means a planetary alignment or purrade 😻, would be like a shooting star 💫 or beam of light!! 🌞 Probably pointing towards Orion!! 🐈⬛🧶Waking the universe up!! Orion shows his O face!! O, I’m the universe!! 🛌 🐶 🎾 🐾 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸 🌲 🌲 🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲 Why do we call the outermost part of a tree “bark”!! Woof woof!!🐶 🎾 🐾 Trees represent our dendrites!! 🌳 🧠 The Earth and universe are also like a brain and computer!!💻 🌍 🌌 Literally everything here is our teacher!!👩🏫 Leave (leaf) 🍃 🍂 no stone unturned!! 🌑 We’re solving a puzzle!!!!🧩 So the bark “woof woof” of the tree represents our thoughts!!💭 Everything does!! Duh!🙄 Clean up our thoughts about each other and our trees shed their bark, like a snake shedding its skin!! 🐍 💜 That’s a kundalini experience!!! Representing a childs rattle too, as you’re unlocking your inner child!! 🧒 🛝 The universe purrs!! 😻 🐾 Our neuronal universe!! 🧑🔬 👩⚕️ 🧪 ⚛️ 🐼 The universe can be imagined as a volcano,🌋 growing and evolving into a tree!!🌳 🍎 As leaves fall, so will the stars above, when we're ready for the next chapter in our story!! 📖 🕯️ 🦉 🌃 Back To The Future, which is also our past!! 🔭 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸 Galaxy collisions!! 🌌 😇 Twin flame connections!! 🔥 🔥 Superheroes!!🦸 Super pets!! 🐕 Super foods!! 🍇 A super Earth!!🌍 👼 🪽 Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾 My cosmic perspective!!🔭🧑🚀🪐🛸🌌
In 1974 I wrote a magazine article about Cygnus X-1 for my 9th grade high school English class. I picked the subject because it fascinated me as a young science nerd. I grew up in the space age and I could not get enough of it. Years later I designed microwave radios for spacecraft. Thank you for all that you do. I love your channel.
Thanks for your contribution, dude! Absolutely rad to think you designed some equipment, and I'll bet my dad checked the kits to put your radios together, and then some people that you can just have a beer with in Florida put em together and sent the fucker to space. You guys are doing real work. We should all give some such to the world.
I'm glad that I'm not the only one who did that! I got a few good questions out of it and a lot of looks like 'Why isn't he talking about Jane Eyre or something? I don't get it.'
What I take from this is that we definitely need another book from Dr. Becky to cover ongoing developments. That being the case: keep those discoveries coming!
You should do a video on the misconception of black holes sucking everything in. I feel you would do a good job of explaining the science behind why it is not a thing to be worried about.
@@SidneyCriticno such thing as gravity. Gravity comes from Acceleration. The black hole orbiting the galactic center would have just as much gravity as the earth orbiting the galactic center at the same velocity.
@@stewiesaidthat Gravity is an effect not a force at least as far as we have ever observed and conforms to relativity. Gravity measures how much Space/Time curvature is at any location.
@@milferdjones2573 gravity is an effect of MOTION. Not Mass. That's what you Relativists don't understand. Why? There is no spacetime curvature because Space and Time are SEPARATE frames of reference. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. Time-dilation. Clocks are instruments that measure MOTION in the SPACE frame. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. E=mc where mass is stored energy and c is the absolute Acceleration of the mass. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. Acceleration is speed and speed is distance/time. So E=t or Energy equals Time. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. F=ma. Force is Mass TIMES Acceleration. Force comes from Acceleration of the mass. Not the mass itself. F=ma invalidates F=G(m1m2)/R2. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. Gravitational attraction is flat earth/stationary frame view of the universe. Newsflash. The earth is in MOTION around the parent star. Its this MOTION that creates the g-force known as gravity. Newton's third law of motion? Action and Reaction? Gravity is the Reaction to being accelerated. The resistance of the mass to being accelerated. Einstein wrapped his Relativity nonsense around a fallacy. Mass is not an actionable force. The proof is on the many vacuum drop tests, the hammer&feather drop on the moon. The proper analysis of LIGO. Gravity is spelled put in Newton's third law of motion. How is it that Relativists don't understand this? Is it because you don't want to understand it? Einstein's light clock. Didn't he state that light travels on its own frame of reference? The so-called time-dilation you are observing is only taking place in the clock's frame of reference then. Why don't you understand this? More importantly. Why do you get all mad and throw a fit when I show you thst its you who are wrong. You never come back to apologize. Why?
Suggestion for your "support staff" (the cat): Put a box with a towel in it on your desk. That way, your cat will have a comfy spot from where to keep you company, and you will be (mostly) allowed to work in peace. Bonus: place the cat bed within view of the camera, and instantly increase the appeal of your videos by 25% or more!
0:49 actually, the lack of solar wind and radiated head would affect smaller objects. Ex: comets won't have a tail. Oumuamua was precisely slightly diverted because of these effects.
Yes, but the point is that having a black hole orbiting at the edge of our solar system is not much to worry about. If it's there, then it has been there for a long time, and the only "harm" it has done is to shift the orbits of a few small rocks out beyond the orbit of Neptune. Even if something actually falls *into* it, we'd probably just get a rather bright flash in the sky off in that direction, and maybe a free X-Ray photo of some part of ourselves if we're carrying a traditional film camera at the time. =:o}
I taught an astronomy lab in 1974 which worked through the Cygnus X-1 data and concluded the secondary was probably a black hole. I was a teaching assistant in the introductory astronomy course at Cornell. Since Carl Sagan gave the lectures, it was a very popular course. But, to the chagrin of the students, Sagan was often away doing late night TV interviews.
I recently recommended your channel to a friend because she loves astronomy. She is going through a tough time and I hope your infectious enthusiasm about space can cheer her up. Wishing her all the strength and support she needs. And in case she sees this, I'd like to tell her: "Rise above the storm and find the sunshine!"
Did you say Cygnus X-1? Ok, here we go... Invisible To telescopic eye Infinity The star that would not die All who dare To cross her course Are swallowed by A fearsome force Through the void To be destroyed Or is there something more? Atomized - at the core Or through the Astral Door - To soar…
And to think that Rush published that song in 1977, just a few years after it was discovered. I miss Neil Peart's lyrics. ... On my ship, the ‘Rocinante’ Wheeling through the galaxies, Headed for the heart of Cygnus Headlong into mystery The x-ray is her siren song My ship cannot resist her long Nearer to my deadly goal Until the Black Hole - Gains control… ...
How NASA managed to decide to retire Chandra X-ray Space Observatory is beyond me. There is so much more to be found in X-rays and Chandra is key in that.
It's old and not as effective as it used to be, it had a five year mission and it's passed 25. There is still a massive amount of data that can be mined after it's been decommissioned. *************************************** The biggest problem is that there are no immediate successors in X-ray telescopes.*********************************** NASA has a limited budget and holding on to old, even effective, projects is going to hold back or eliminate newer ones.
A blue super giant star.....flipping 'eck, I struggle to imagine just how big our local star is, I mean all that H, He and elements seeded from its' predecessor. But a blue super giant O or B type star blows me away. Love your work and your latest book Dr. Becky, thank you.
It would, indeed blow, you away. The stellar wind from such stars can be very strong. (I'm not sure if it's "always", but that's a pretty good chance.) On the other hand, the lifetimes of such stars is very short, so there simply wouldn't be enough time for life to have evolved around any associated planets. (On Earth, it took in the order of 500 to 700 million years for the first life to develop, and these stars are in one piece for only a few percent of that time.) Being next door to one might be "interesting" though. Oh, wait, what's that just a couple of parsecs away? Sirius - an A0 star of 2 solar masses.
We've already done that, for both the Milky Way's central black hole, and the giant elliptical in Virgo. OK - that was with radio telescopes, not visible-light. For direct imaging ... of a Solar-mass BH. Obviously that depends on if it's accreting anything. If it is accreting, we'd struggle to see the BH for the glare from the accretion disc at any distance great enough to survive the radiation. Candle-next-to-searchlight analogy. If it's not accreting, it'd be black-on-black, so _really_ difficult to see. It's comparable to many main belt asteroids in size, but they reflect several *percent* of the sunlight hitting them, while this would reflect zero (again, caveat accretion disc, or orbiting dust). So it'd be really difficult to see directly. It'd be pretty obvious from it's gravitational effects though - which is why we know there isn't one within a few hundred AU.
having a qr code or a link at the end of the book would be neat for the occasion where you want to link to new data or correction about the book, like for updating the closest black hole know
The observatory used to show that Cygnus X-1 was a black hole, the David Dunlap Observatory, is just a few miles north of where the members of Rush lived.
@@millwrightrick1Awesome factoid! Big Rush fan. Not to brag, but had an 8"x10" of Alex so close you could see his wedding ring. Awesome show. Know a lot about them but didn't know that. Cygnus X-1 was, mmm, stellar?? Miss Neal and his 102 piece kit🤣🤣.
Dr. Becky. Can you possibly create a video about Andromeda M31 and her sister M32? Is it true that gravitational effects are already beginning to affect the Milky way? Why is it that Andromeda has 1 trillion stars yet only the same mass as our Milky way with only half the number of stars? Thanks very much for all your fascinating videos.
@@Gunni1972 Apparently there is a gravitational source in the middle of Andromeda and the Milky Way that's pulling us both together. Probably this so called "Dark Mater".
I think the estimated mass of Andromeda is about twice that of the Milky Way, with the two being by far the dominant parts of the "Local Group". Estimates of the number of stars in the Milky Way vary quite a lot (the damned things get obscured by dust clouds!), so we've probably a better estimate for Andromeda, because there's not so much galaxy in the way for counting. To compare star numbers between the two, you'd need to use fairly similar methods for the counting, and all the dust clouds make that quite difficult for the Milky Way.
We really do need a better name for these non-black non-holes. I love your word "compact". Compact X-ray Emitter or Compact X-ray Source doesn't trip off the tongue as nicely.
"Compact body" has been in the literature for decades, for those cases where we don't know if the body is a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole. It would also cover theoretical ideas such as "quark stars", "strange [sense : particle physics] stars" and the like.
When Betelgeuse goes supernova (it may have already but the light of the explosion did not reach us yet), it may leave the closest black hole to the Solar System (650 light years). It depends on how much mass its remains will have.
@@rob.parsnipsA black hole is any mass that lacks sufficient force (acceleration) to generate electromagnetic waves in the visible light spectrum. F=ma/E=mc. Vantablack absorbs up to 99.965% of visible light.
@@rob.parsnips I'm no scientist either, but by using my "Google-fu," I was able to find this info about this topic (sorry for the huge wall of text): Apparently, there was or still is a lot of debate on the theoretical minimum-mass for black holes. In a press release from European Southern Observatory (ESO) titled, "How Much Mass Makes a Black Hole," revealed that a star with 40 solar masses did not create a black hole but instead a magnetar (eso0831). A magnetar is an unusual type of neutron star. This demonstration put the assumption that stars with masses above 25 solar masses would produce black holes into question. From in the article from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory titled, "What is the Critical Mass at Which a Star Becomes a Black Hole," it is believed that stars with a final mass of around 2 to 3 solar masses will collapse to a black hole. However, an Q&A Big Think article titled, "How to make a black hole," states that there's no minimum mass needed for a black hole but rather it needs the right density. (Perhaps, I think? It's found in the 2nd paragraph if you want to read it and correct me if I'm wrong. At the moment of writing this, I don't have time to fully digest what I'm reading. It's almost midnight where I'm at and I'm getting tired. 😄 ) Lastly, in the very last sentence in the NASA article titled, "What is Betelgeuse? Inside the Strange, Volatile Star," it is states; "Betelgeuse will become either a neutron star or black hole. The star’s final fate depends on how much material is left after the supernova event."
I think if the sun was a black hole we would lose solar power as well as our plants died. I think lack of radiation would cause all sorts of issues like how it affects the planets orbits, mercury would cool off and our solar bodies would become super difficult to see.
Well, the lack of warming would be a problem for sure. But Dr. Becky's point was that the planets' orbits would not be affected at all. Orbital geometry depends on the mass alone, so it wouldn't matter if the Sun were shrunk down to a black-hole diameter with the same mass. But yes, you're right: the whole Solar System would become very dark and cold.
@@illexsquid "But yes, you're right: the whole Solar System would become very dark and cold." Cue the Red Dwarf theme : "It's cold outside There's no kind of atmosphere ..."
I found a very specific one that emits instead of sucks in. It's at the other end of my body. I spent nearly a decade to find a mirror arrangement to actually confirm it visually. Worth a Nobel price surely.🤪
Always a delight to watch and learn from your brilliant videos and this one is no exception! I am getting old, but even if I understand a fraction of what you said (notwithstanding your very clear explanations) I always learn fascinating things happening out there!
I spent the day at Greenbank West Virginia yesterday, getting the latest updates in space and the SETI research. The most surprising thing to me was that three different astronomers didn't know of you! (And two of them were from England!) I fixed that! Thank you for your posts and books!
I spent a year or two watching these so-called science videos and what I find surprising is that modern physics is still using tools developed in the stone age. Gravitational attraction is the explanation for why some objects fall to the ground while lighter objects like smoke rises. It's because the earth is a stationary frame and without gravity, everything would float off into space. Didn't Galileo prove that mass does not attract mass? What about nasa's hammer&feather drop test on the moon? In vacuum chambers. Galileo also showed that the planet is in orbit around the parent star and that it's this MOTION I'm space which creates the tides. So why is Becky still using flat earth tools to describe the tides? 1) Gravity IS NOT a fundamental force of nature. Then there is time-dilation. How is that someone cam go through life and not understand that plants are accelerated by the energy from the sun and the clock's cesium-133 atom is accelerated by the energy from a battery. 2) Clocks measure MOTION in space expressed in units of time. Just like rulers measure length expressed in units of inches. You don't say the value of an inch changes based on temperature of the ruler. Why do you say the value of a second changes based in the instruments change in motion. It's inconceivable that someone can claim to have a PhD in physics and not understand basic physics. F=ma. Force comes from Acceleration of the mass, not the mass itself. E=mc where c is speed. Speed is distance/Time. E=mc then becomes E=t or Energy equals Time. Watching these YT videos and doing basic physics research its like I'm living in a different universe. One that is 180 degrees from reality. As Nicholas Tesla said, Relativity is nothing more than mathematical nonsense making you blind to its blatant errors. Space and Time are SEPARATE frames of reference. Gravity is an effect. Not a force. E=mc is the theory of everything. Without acceleration, what do you have. Everything is an emergent property of acceleration. You should let your friends know that Becky is a flat earther. Her tides video proves it. She should be using Newton's and Kepler's laws of motion to explain the tides. There is no mystical force coming from the moon. Why doesn't LIGO detect it? Why are the LIGO detectors being pushed put of alignment rather than pulled. If you can get Gravitational attraction to work using EM waves, you have yourself a tractor beam. If you can create negative energy, you have yourself a time machine. E=t. Negative energy equals negative time.
Dr. Becky I love your videos. I've been watching for a couple years now and I always get lost about half way through. At first you're breaking down things to a point I can understand and then you lose me. Don't change a thing I appreciate the first half of the videos very much! I'm sure people that are more educated than I appreciate the stuff I don't understand as well.
My dream is that "Planet 9" is a PBH. You would be stoked to study it; send a sizeable probe quickly with a FFR! My fantasy is: that probe also has a telescope that uses the gravitational lensing to image exoplanets. The nuclear probe would have the power for AI image processing and a laser for high data rates despite the distance. One can dream!
But would a PBH be massive enough to produce resolvable distortions? I mean, they are possibly very small. Then again my cat is very small and manages to distort most things in his vicinity very efficiently. But that's a cat so not really a natural phenomena. I guess cats are quantum events according to some theories. Where did I put that bottle of whisky? Ah, there it is.
If there were such a large number of planetary mass black holes, wouldn’t they be likely to end up at the center of a collapsing gas cloud rather than at the periphery?
@@RPrice_OG Doesn't matter, so long as you position your sensor and (gravitational) lens correctly. For one, we're able to resolve farther objects using entire galaxy (or cluster of galaxies) as gravitational lens.
@shantiescovedo4361 you're assuming the PBH was in the solar system from the very beginning. In that case yes, it should slowly spiral inwards unitl it lies at the baryenter of the gas cloud. But if it arrived latter, after most planets had already been formed, it could've entered an orbit around Sun if it kicks out an outer planet (or a series of them) at just the right time, thus exchanging momentum. The idea that planet X is a PBH comes precisely from the curious way the orbits of Sedna, Quaoar, etc are not just super elongated, but also far away from the ecliptic - as though something very massive put them there
Being a former chem major during my college years, I rather appreciated that last blooper joke about the acidity of black holes. One thing I do wonder is what happens if the star orbiting the black hole goes nova\super nova and becomes a black hole itself? I would think we would have two black holes orbiting each other or would the first one merge with the second one?
Great vid! Helped me to recall some old astrophysics. LOL, you probably know this but the Canadian rock group, Rush, made a song about this in the 1970s, Neil Peart, the drummer and main lyricist, came up with it. God, I remember that song from the late 1970s.
I have a question that may be interesting to answer. What is the ratio of (large) stars to black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs? Could this tell us anything about the number of black holes we should expect within a certain radius around us?
I remember reading about Cygnus X-1 in Scientific American, and the speculation that might be a black hole. People forget that whether or not black holes actually existed was hotly debated at the time. The magazine stated that it was unlikely telescopes would ever be able to X-1 with any great resolution.
Do this experiment. Put some water into a large pan about 1/8 of an inch deep. The water represents the galaxy. Then put some dye in the water. Then slowly stir the water in a clockwise or counter clockwise direction. Observer the dye. If you see swirling patters with in the dye and you see smaller swirls. Wouldn't this be the same as these black holes on the grander scale.
You may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts compared to the 1565 light years to the nearest known black hole!
Yes, we do love our kitty-cats. I have two. I have been fascinated with black holes ever since I learned about them in high school. When that first image of a black whole was calculated and generated from all of that data, I was truly blown away. I am waiting for the next image to be calculated.
Nice memories of an astrophysicist and her book and her beloved family. Socially astro doctor is giving a happy night dream instead of nightmare that big chunk of cosmos is gravitationally balanced such that we need not to worry when we see a new exotic heavenly body in our next door , we know very little. From physicist world that black hole are very close to atomic garden but without any fixed size.
Everything in the universe is in motion going so fast that unless you aim straight at a black hole and considering how much empty space is out there. Trying to fly into one would be challenging.You'd be more apt to fall at it so fast that you couldn't correct your approach angle and would loop around it and slingshot off the other direction. Because even the black hole is in motion. You'd be falling where it was, not where it is. If you could bring yourself to an absolute stop compared to every object in the entire universe. You would immediately start falling towards the nearest object but the chances that you would ever hit anything would be tiny, instead you'd start orbiting around or just sling shooting off around them as they traveled past you. Things that eventually merge or crash into each other typically have to have begun from the same cloud of stuff. Otherwise their relative motions just make it too hard to fall at each other the right way.
While I'm reading "collimator" on the screen: Dr. Becky, have you ever made up a word yourself for any work? Or do you know someone who 'forged' a new word?
Hey,You are the only astrophysicist i can reach out to.i found you on youtube and really like your videos.so i have a theory which i hope interests you.(dont mind the spelling or vocabulary mistakes,english is my second language) Introduction:we know general relativity is a theory explained by the great scientist Einstein. in it, Gravity isn't a force but the curvature of an invisible fabric named space-time. my theory shares the basic concepts of general relativity and also extension of a small part of general relativity. The theory & The connection between general relativity & my theory: so, my theory says that Time is a fabric that moves through another dimension and is another layer that is on top of space-time. when there is a other layer with a lot of mass like a Blackhole (or) neutron star the spacetime gets curved and is also pulling the time fabric causing it to stretch. The time fabric is like a fabric in real life at small masses it doesn't stretch as much & only curves, but when there is a big mass it stretches. The fabric closer to the mass will be more stretched.The fabric directly under a blackhole is so streached that it breaks. you might be thinking why is the part under the blackhole the only part that breaks & the part under a giant star doesn't, blackholes are just mass stuffed into single small part. you might be thinking, what does that have to do with this, we learned that Preassure = force -------- Area Smaller the area more the area more the preassure.So while inside a blackhole timestops. Conclusion:my theory is just a theoretical continuation of einstiens theory. In his theory he says Gravity disturbas time, but in my theory is an explaination of time dialation & what happens to time that causes time dialation. Bonus facts:Gravity & time are connected in another dimension. (Gravity means curvature of spacetime), when there is a small dip in spacetime there is only a slight strech of fabric of time,when there is a big dip there is a big streach in fabric of time. I am a 14 year old kid and dont have enough knowledge to prove my theory is real.i hope this intrested you.😅
there is no fabric of spacetime it's a figurative speech spacetime is a 4 dimensional mathematical matrix that got worked out by minkowski [and not by einstein, einsten always was against the idea of spacetime] according to einstein, gravity is a connection between inertia and energy density spacetime [the 4 velocity] got implemented into the field equations, and since then the myth about "the singularity" got born all physicists know there is no singularity in nature time dilation in general relativity is a curved line since there is only acceleration in field equations time dilation in secial relativity is a straight lline [flat spacetime] since there os only inertia in special relativity [E=mc^2 is describing non moving reference frame, hence the idea of so called rest mass - the energy that you have eventhough you are not moving at c] in both relativistic theories time is the light itself, since light is giving to you any and all information about any event that you can see
I wish we could discover a back hole closer to Earth so I knew where to throw my laundy ;) So it seems that so far, our only means of discoverying these black holes is if there is a star in orbit around them. Which begs the question, how many more, maybe even closer to Sol, are there out there that are dormant and that do not have a star orbiting them?
Thanks, dr. Becky! 😊 Now imagine having the opportunity to study closely a blackhole with probes and so on... That'd be crazy! Anyway, stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
Starting at about 03:23 in this video: The FIRST _Black Hole_ was not _discovered_ until 1972? I thought they had been _actually discovered_ before that date. Learned something new...👍
Okay, stupid question time! My biologist brain kicked up this one as I was watching the beginning of your video. If the sun were to turn into a black hole the same mass as Sol, would the loss of solar wind affect the orbit of some objects? I do not know if there is any appreciable effect on orbital mechanics that arses from the effects of solar wind on orbiting objects. It's probably negligible, but I'm a biologist so I don't know. Hopefully that made sense.
"If i could change the sun into a black hole of exactly the same mass right now [...] we wouldn't be affected at all except to notice someone had turned the lights out" this feels like a midly huge understatement. Maybe something xkcd what if can address? :P
Your sound examples for the Doppler effect seem wrong. The frequency should be sigmoid, but in all the examples it sounded like the shift continued as the object kept moving. This gives the incorrect appearance that the relative position matters, but it really is just a function of the relative velocity, which changes drastically in a short region when the ambulance drives past you, and then is more or less constant (more so the smaller the angle gets).
How much radiation pressure do the planets feel from the sun? Would it be a noticeable difference with it missing in the example of replacing the Sun with a similar mass BH?
The interesting thing for me is that we can only see black holes if they interact with something. So in the case of these small black holes if they are in a binary system. So there are a whole lot of them, even nearer but we cant detect them
Kitty! It is an interesting phenomena that pets increase ambient gravity when on a lap or chest. Someone should investigate how the Higgs boson interacts with domesticated animals.
Changing the Sun by a black hole of the same mass: besides the getting frozen" part that she mentions it will be an expectable look in the direction of the black hole the gravitational lensing will be crazy and objects closing on the BH will have pretty different proper times. Also, objects closing in will feel effects like making the major axis effects. But as she say there is nothing we can see that it's close enough to see those effects (Mercury is close enough to feel the non Newtonian effects, but they will be the same)
I remember when Cygnus X1 was confirmed. I named a crow I raised at the time Cygnus. Sadly he was sucked up (stolen) off the fence at my parents country store where he would beg for food.
Makes me wonder if this many black holes out there is the reason for the Fermi paradox. It might not be safe enough to travel through interstellar space.
First off. No two complex snowflakes are exactly alike, structure and chemical composition. How are you going to get another 'Earth like' planet when the universe can't even create identical snowflakes. Organic life has yet to be created out of inorganic compounds in a lab. The origin of life is still unknown. The dinosaurs were around for 150 million years. Where are their 'pyramids'. Out of 7-8 million species, only one developed the capacity to go to the moon. If by chance there is another earth like planet sans moon, would the inhabitants even bother to figure out space travel? Baby steps. First the moon. Then Mars. Then Jupiter and Saturn and Alpha Centari. If the moon or mars was inhabitable, then the chances of space flight would go up exponentially. It would take the space shuttle 150,000 years to reach AC. Civilization on earth began less than 10,000 years ago. It would take 1000s of generations to reach something that is only 4 light years away. Try 10s of thousands of light years away. You can't even communicate with other civilizations. Let alone, visit in person.
Gravitational effects may be unchanged in this scenario of the sun becoming a black hole, however everything would freeze lol. So everything would definitely be affected.
I have a question that has gone unanswered for a while.. If we could stabalize and contain microscopic singularities, could they be used in space as a source of artificial gravity?
When a star is orbiting a companion star and the companion star collapses into a black hole, is the black hole the same mass as the initial star? I would think that it might loose some mass from shedding some of the outer layers that are beyond the event horizon? If the mass is the same, then does the first stars orbit change? Does it change because of the change in mass. Does the star's orbit change because as a black hole space-time is changed? is the remaining star's orbit effected by gravitational waves? So many questions!
A friend in a discord server suggested your channel to me. Now every time I watch your vids i think of them. Deep Fried Peanut Butt if you are out there you are missed
I have a feeling it's going to be a similar story where it feels like every other week we've found "the furthest star/system from us." Now that we're starting to see the data in X-Rays, orbital patters, etc, it'll only be a matter of time before we spot a black hole in our literal back yard.
That depends very much on the actual population numbers of black holes. Since the only way we know to form them is by supernova and subsequent collapse of s large star, then their formation rate in our galaxy is around 1 per century. Actually, not even that high - 4 supernovae have happened in the Milky Way in the last millennium. Even if we've only *seen* half of them, that's less than 1/ century.
How much more sensitive instruments would we need to detect radiation from "dormant" black hole accretion of interstellar medium or companion star stellar wind?
how can black holes collide if time dilation occurs near a black hole? wouldn't they appear to slow down because they are close to one another? if it appears to take forever for an object to pass the event horizon of a black hole why do we observe two black holes merging via gravitational waves?
Excellent video! You're channel is one of my favorites! That discovery of the first black hole is really interesting because it shows how science works, because many different alternativies explanations were proposed, and when they compared which one was the best, the one that was actually a black hole won. There was even a funny bet between stephen hawking and kip thorne, and kip thorne won, because he said it was in fact, a black hole.
At yet, no one understands the physics behind a black hole. Hawkings has some nonsensical math formula etched into his grave stone proclaiming he is a flat earther. F=G(m1m2)/R2? What does that even pertain to? G is the Earth's 'gravitational force'. Does that mean the universe revolves around the Earth's reference frame. That's called relativity you know? Mars 'gravity' is 80% relative to Earth's. What is Mars actual gravity? Gravity has nothing to do with a black hole because it's not accelerating anything outside its frame, which is its physical dimensions. There is no gravitational pull from a BH just like there is no gravitational pull from the moon. Research LIGO. Which way were the detectors moved. Towards the source or away from the source. The drop tests in the vacuum chamber. Why do light objects fall at the same rate as heavy objects? Galileo theorized that it's the Earth's Motion in space that creates the tides. How about using Newton's and Kepler's Laws of Motion to describe the tides. Gravity is stationary frame physics and Becky should know that of she was truly an astrophysicist. What did it take? 400 years for the scientific community to admit that Bruno was right. That there are exo-planets. He also theorized that the universe is infinite. It has no center. Isn't that what JWST is telling you. Relativity has never been validated . Gravitational attraction has never been validated. The big bang has never been validated. And yet you hold them as truths.
How about 00:44 in this video... CATS gonna CAT...😊 *EDIT→* At about 18:05 in this video, during the Bloopers... *_"You're just going to lay on my keyboard while I work, eh?"_* SAME...🤭
AD - Go to ground.news/drbecky to stay fully informed with the latest Space and Science news. Save 40% off the Vantage plan through my link for unlimited access this month only.
0:56 actually it wouldn’t be the exactly the same since most of the sun will be shed so the black hole would smaller probably 0.6 of what we have now , what you mean to say is a equivalent size black hole wouldn’t be noticed except for the thermal heat we get from it .
🌌 🧑🚀 ✨This Is How The Universe Works✨🌌 🧑🚀
Return To Mars!!👽🪐🛸🌌
The trench represents depression!! Like a cut, it will need a band-aid!👩⚕️ 🏥
Like a “River Running Through It”, water represents a liquid band-aid for this depression!! 🌊 🌊 🌊🌊🌊
Turning a frown, upside down!!🙃🙂
Raise our consciousness and like a liquid band-aid, all is good in the universe again!! 😇Fairytale and masterpiece type of shit we’re talking about here!! 📚 🧞♂️ 🕯️ 🏰 👸 🐻 🐾
It’s like we’re inside Mars and Mars kinda represents our skull!!💀
The depression is a crack!! Also a mind that has now been split opened by a lightning strike!! 🤯⚡️ 🦇 Releasing pleasant gasses for sure!!🦨 💨 🦨 💨 🦨💨🦨
Now picture Mars and that crack!! 👁️ The Ghostbusters ooze, oozing out of that crack!! 🤢🤮👻 TMNT!! Secret of the ooze!! Turtle Power!! 🐢
Creating mutations!!! 🧬
Our consciousness aka water and star stuff, oozing from the crack and tapping us into higher dimensions!! 🌌
It’s getting juicy!! 🍍 🍍 🍍🍍🍍😋
Galaxy collisions creating heaven on Earth!! Our Stairway To Heaven!!🌍 👼🪽☮️😇🥳
Our Never Ending Story!! 🐺 📖 🐌 🪨 🕯️
Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾
That picture of Mars and the trench would also represent a seed that is about to sprout!!🌱 🌹 🐼
For a human in depression, it would represent them coming out of it, of course!!😇🌍👼☮️⚡️🤯👽🛸🪐
MOMentum and energy then create the fusion we need to thrust ourselves beyond Jupiter and towards the furthest stars!! ✨ 🌌
The same as a tree like Devils Tower becoming the Tower Of The Gods!! The same as a Sequoia reaching for the furthest stars!! Trying to seek more light!!💡 🌳
We can definitely imagine we’re the Earth itself and to level up, we push through that seed which is Mars!!🌍🌱🍄🟫👽🛸🌌✨
Belief is a powerful drug!! ⛄️ ❄️
We’re going radioactive!!☢️ 🍊 🫐 🎆 😮
Imagine Dragons!!🐉
The same way the Great Lakes come together to form the heart of the ocean and dragon heart!!🐉 💜 😮We can also imagine us doing the same!!😮 🐘 🐾 🪘 Mridangam!!🥸
The water swooshing, no different than the galaxies!!🌌 😇😇 🌌
Two cites squashing their crosstown beef!!🥩 🐄 🌆 🏙️
It bee like crosstown traffic!! Awakening goddesses and creating a frenzy of electrons!! Electra!! 👸 🐻 🏰 🐊 🌳 🍯 🐝 🐝
The Earth 🌍 is like a ball of yarn, 🧶 🐈⬛ when we imagine we’re each a string creating music throughout the universe!!🎸🎶
That makes the Seattle Space Needle our needle for the yarn and the fabric of space!! 🌌 🪡🧑🚀🪐🛸 String Theory!!👩🏫
Quantum mechanics!! 👻 👩🏫
Light is a wave made
of particles!! Like beads!! 😮❤ This universe and goddess giving away her beads!! Mardi Gras!!!😂🥰🥳
This means a planetary alignment or purrade 😻, would be like a shooting star 💫 or beam of light!! 🌞
Probably pointing towards Orion!! 🐈⬛🧶Waking the universe up!! Orion shows his O face!! O, I’m the universe!! 🛌 🐶 🎾 🐾 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸
Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾
My cosmic perspective!! 🐶 🐾 🎾
Thanks for the extra News in the ad read there ;)
@@EliasMheart 🌌 🧑🚀 ✨This Is How The Universe Works✨🌌 🧑🚀
Return To Mars!!👽🪐🛸🌌
The trench represents depression!! Like a cut, it will need a band-aid!👩⚕️ 🏥
Like a “River Running Through It”, water represents a liquid band-aid for this depression!! 🌊 🌊 🌊🌊🌊
Turning a frown, upside down!!🙃🙂
Raise our consciousness and like a liquid band-aid, all is good in the universe again!! 😇Fairytale and masterpiece type of shit we’re talking about here!! 📚 🧞♂️ 🕯️ 🏰 👸 🐻 🐾
It’s like we’re inside Mars and Mars kinda represents our skull!!💀
The depression is a crack!! Also a mind that has now been split opened by a lightning strike!! 🤯⚡️ 🦇 Releasing pleasant gasses for sure!!🦨 💨 🦨 💨 🦨💨🦨
Now picture Mars and that crack!! 👁️ The Ghostbusters ooze, oozing out of that crack!! 🤢🤮👻 TMNT!! Secret of the ooze!! Turtle Power!! 🐢
Creating mutations!!! 🧬
Our consciousness aka water and star stuff, oozing from the crack and tapping us into higher dimensions!! 🌌
It’s getting juicy!! 🍍 🍍 🍍🍍🍍😋
Galaxy collisions creating heaven on Earth!! Our Stairway To Heaven!!🌍 👼🪽☮️😇🥳
Our Never Ending Story!! 🐺 📖 🐌 🪨 🕯️
Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾
That picture of Mars and the trench would also represent a seed that is about to sprout!!🌱 🌹 🐼
For a human in depression, it would represent them coming out of it, of course!!😇🌍👼☮️⚡️🤯👽🛸🪐
MOMentum and energy then create the fusion we need to thrust ourselves beyond Jupiter and towards the furthest stars!! ✨ 🌌
The same as a tree like Devils Tower becoming the Tower Of The Gods!! The same as a Sequoia reaching for the furthest stars!! Trying to seek more light!!💡 🌳
We can definitely imagine we’re the Earth itself and to level up, we push through that seed which is Mars!!🌍🌱🍄🟫👽🛸🌌✨
Belief is a powerful drug!! ⛄️ ❄️
We’re going radioactive!!☢️ 🍊 🫐 🎆 😮
Imagine Dragons!!🐉
The same way the Great Lakes come together to form the heart of the ocean and dragon heart!!🐉 💜 😮We can also imagine us doing the same!!😮 🐘 🐾 🪘 Mridangam!!🥸
The water swooshing, no different than the galaxies!!🌌 😇😇 🌌
Two cites squashing their crosstown beef!!🥩 🐄 🌆 🏙️
It bee like crosstown traffic!! Awakening goddesses and creating a frenzy of electrons!! Electra!! 👸 🐻 🏰 🐊 🌳 🍯 🐝 🐝
The Earth 🌍 is like a ball of yarn, 🧶 🐈⬛ when we imagine we’re each a string creating music throughout the universe!!🎸🎶
That makes the Seattle Space Needle our needle for the yarn and the fabric of space!! 🌌 🪡🧑🚀🪐🛸 String Theory!!👩🏫
Quantum mechanics!! 👻 👩🏫
Light is a wave made
of particles!! Like beads!! 😮❤ This universe and goddess giving away her beads!! Mardi Gras!!!😂🥰🥳
This means a planetary alignment or purrade 😻, would be like a shooting star 💫 or beam of light!! 🌞
Probably pointing towards Orion!! 🐈⬛🧶Waking the universe up!! Orion shows his O face!! O, I’m the universe!! 🛌 🐶 🎾 🐾 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸
🌲 🌲 🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲
Why do we call the outermost part of a tree “bark”!! Woof woof!!🐶 🎾 🐾
Trees represent our dendrites!! 🌳 🧠 The Earth and universe are also like a brain and computer!!💻 🌍 🌌
Literally everything here is our teacher!!👩🏫
Leave (leaf) 🍃 🍂 no stone unturned!! 🌑 We’re solving a puzzle!!!!🧩
So the bark “woof woof” of the tree represents our thoughts!!💭 Everything does!! Duh!🙄
Clean up our thoughts about each other and our trees shed their bark, like a snake shedding its skin!! 🐍 💜
That’s a kundalini experience!!! Representing a childs rattle too, as you’re unlocking your inner child!! 🧒 🛝
The universe purrs!! 😻 🐾
Our neuronal universe!! 🧑🔬 👩⚕️ 🧪 ⚛️ 🐼
The universe can be imagined as a volcano,🌋 growing and evolving into a tree!!🌳 🍎 As leaves fall, so will the stars above, when we're ready for the next chapter in our story!! 📖 🕯️ 🦉 🌃
Back To The Future, which is also our past!! 🔭 🧑🚀 🪐 🛸
Galaxy collisions!! 🌌 😇 Twin flame connections!! 🔥 🔥 Superheroes!!🦸 Super pets!! 🐕 Super foods!! 🍇 A super Earth!!🌍 👼 🪽
Purrthquakes!! 😻 🐾
My cosmic perspective!!🔭🧑🚀🪐🛸🌌
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐5.0
👍 👏👏👏👏👏
In 1974 I wrote a magazine article about Cygnus X-1 for my 9th grade high school English class. I picked the subject because it fascinated me as a young science nerd. I grew up in the space age and I could not get enough of it. Years later I designed microwave radios for spacecraft. Thank you for all that you do. I love your channel.
That’s so cool
Thats cool. However how does micro waves travel in space.
@@captain_context9991 just like light, microwaves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can travel through space without a medium
Thanks for your contribution, dude! Absolutely rad to think you designed some equipment, and I'll bet my dad checked the kits to put your radios together, and then some people that you can just have a beer with in Florida put em together and sent the fucker to space. You guys are doing real work. We should all give some such to the world.
I'm glad that I'm not the only one who did that! I got a few good questions out of it and a lot of looks like 'Why isn't he talking about Jane Eyre or something? I don't get it.'
Kinda reminds me of people trying to find extremely tall cactus in Minecraft. "In this seed we found one just 1.5 million blocks from spawn!"
@DrBecky It'd have been great to have blue polish on one hand and red on the other as you described Doppler effect
What I take from this is that we definitely need another book from Dr. Becky to cover ongoing developments.
That being the case: keep those discoveries coming!
Yes, another book please. kthx
Just what we need, more science fiction mumbo jumbo. I bet you think Interstellar is based on real science.
Just to be clear. If the sun turned into a back hole, you would still die. Just not from being sucked into it.
😂 won’t stop me from sleeping tonight
not necessarily! the earth still emits a lot of heat from its core and radioactivity. humanity "just" need to move into caves deep below
You could say that it wouldn't suck us in, but it would really suck if it happens 😂
@@codacoder That should give us a billion years, like the nomad planets estimated habitability span.
'Burn the fossil fuels, Becky did it again. Get some more ice to drink, quick!'
You should do a video on the misconception of black holes sucking everything in. I feel you would do a good job of explaining the science behind why it is not a thing to be worried about.
It probably takes energy/mass to collapse, so it should have less gravity - lol -.
@@SidneyCriticno such thing as gravity. Gravity comes from Acceleration. The black hole orbiting the galactic center would have just as much gravity as the earth orbiting the galactic center at the same velocity.
I can envisage the headlines : "Astrophysicist thinks the world is going to end in a black hole doing (random phrase picked from the presentation)."
@@stewiesaidthat Gravity is an effect not a force at least as far as we have ever observed and conforms to relativity. Gravity measures how much Space/Time curvature is at any location.
@@milferdjones2573 gravity is an effect of MOTION. Not Mass. That's what you Relativists don't understand. Why? There is no spacetime curvature because Space and Time are SEPARATE frames of reference. Another thing you Relativists don't understand.
Time-dilation. Clocks are instruments that measure MOTION in the SPACE frame. Another thing you Relativists don't understand.
E=mc where mass is stored energy and c is the absolute Acceleration of the mass. Another thing you Relativists don't understand.
Acceleration is speed and speed is distance/time. So E=t or Energy equals Time. Another thing you Relativists don't understand.
F=ma. Force is Mass TIMES Acceleration. Force comes from Acceleration of the mass. Not the mass itself. F=ma invalidates F=G(m1m2)/R2. Another thing you Relativists don't understand. Gravitational attraction is flat earth/stationary frame view of the universe. Newsflash. The earth is in MOTION around the parent star. Its this MOTION that creates the g-force known as gravity. Newton's third law of motion? Action and Reaction? Gravity is the Reaction to being accelerated. The resistance of the mass to being accelerated.
Einstein wrapped his Relativity nonsense around a fallacy. Mass is not an actionable force. The proof is on the many vacuum drop tests, the hammer&feather drop on the moon. The proper analysis of LIGO.
Gravity is spelled put in Newton's third law of motion. How is it that Relativists don't understand this? Is it because you don't want to understand it?
Einstein's light clock. Didn't he state that light travels on its own frame of reference? The so-called time-dilation you are observing is only taking place in the clock's frame of reference then. Why don't you understand this?
More importantly. Why do you get all mad and throw a fit when I show you thst its you who are wrong. You never come back to apologize. Why?
Suggestion for your "support staff" (the cat):
Put a box with a towel in it on your desk. That way, your cat will have a comfy spot from where to keep you company, and you will be (mostly) allowed to work in peace.
Bonus: place the cat bed within view of the camera, and instantly increase the appeal of your videos by 25% or more!
On behalf of our most beneficent feline overlords, I hereby approve this message. =:o}
It's a scientifically proven fact that cats make all videos better.
Or set one sheet of normal paper down on the desk...95%+ of the time, the cat will help you to keep it from blowing away!
0:49 actually, the lack of solar wind and radiated head would affect smaller objects. Ex: comets won't have a tail. Oumuamua was precisely slightly diverted because of these effects.
Yes, but the point is that having a black hole orbiting at the edge of our solar system is not much to worry about. If it's there, then it has been there for a long time, and the only "harm" it has done is to shift the orbits of a few small rocks out beyond the orbit of Neptune. Even if something actually falls *into* it, we'd probably just get a rather bright flash in the sky off in that direction, and maybe a free X-Ray photo of some part of ourselves if we're carrying a traditional film camera at the time. =:o}
I taught an astronomy lab in 1974 which worked through the Cygnus X-1 data and concluded the secondary was probably a black hole. I was a teaching assistant in the introductory astronomy course at Cornell. Since Carl Sagan gave the lectures, it was a very popular course. But, to the chagrin of the students, Sagan was often away doing late night TV interviews.
Love the enthusiasm and easy to listen to voice.
Dr Becky You Are So Good At Telling The Science News As In A The Leman's Point Of View. We Need That.
I recently recommended your channel to a friend because she loves astronomy. She is going through a tough time and I hope your infectious enthusiasm about space can cheer her up. Wishing her all the strength and support she needs. And in case she sees this, I'd like to tell her: "Rise above the storm and find the sunshine!"
I keep thinking about "only sucked in if within 6 km". Has profoundly changed my perspective on black holes.
Did you say Cygnus X-1? Ok, here we go...
Invisible
To telescopic eye
Infinity
The star that would not die
All who dare
To cross her course
Are swallowed by
A fearsome force
Through the void
To be destroyed
Or is there something more?
Atomized - at the core
Or through the Astral Door -
To soar…
Sounds like something Rush would say 😂😂😂.
you can finish part I & go onto part II whenever you feel like it - there's no rush.
Love it ❤
This sounds like Sabaton Lyrics
And to think that Rush published that song in 1977, just a few years after it was discovered.
I miss Neil Peart's lyrics.
...
On my ship, the ‘Rocinante’
Wheeling through the galaxies,
Headed for the heart of Cygnus
Headlong into mystery
The x-ray is her siren song
My ship cannot resist her long
Nearer to my deadly goal
Until the Black Hole -
Gains control…
...
How NASA managed to decide to retire Chandra X-ray Space Observatory is beyond me. There is so much more to be found in X-rays and Chandra is key in that.
It's old and not as effective as it used to be, it had a five year mission and it's passed 25. There is still a massive amount of data that can be mined after it's been decommissioned.
*************************************** The biggest problem is that there are no immediate successors in X-ray telescopes.***********************************
NASA has a limited budget and holding on to old, even effective, projects is going to hold back or eliminate newer ones.
A blue super giant star.....flipping 'eck, I struggle to imagine just how big our local star is, I mean all that H, He and elements seeded from its' predecessor. But a blue super giant O or B type star blows me away.
Love your work and your latest book Dr. Becky, thank you.
It would, indeed blow, you away. The stellar wind from such stars can be very strong. (I'm not sure if it's "always", but that's a pretty good chance.)
On the other hand, the lifetimes of such stars is very short, so there simply wouldn't be enough time for life to have evolved around any associated planets. (On Earth, it took in the order of 500 to 700 million years for the first life to develop, and these stars are in one piece for only a few percent of that time.)
Being next door to one might be "interesting" though. Oh, wait, what's that just a couple of parsecs away? Sirius - an A0 star of 2 solar masses.
Marvelous example of giving the example of the sun as a Black hole. Makes it so easy to understand as a lay person. Thanks.
What mass / distance would a BH have to be to be directly imaged by our current telescopes?
Either by accretion or micro lensing?
We've already done that, for both the Milky Way's central black hole, and the giant elliptical in Virgo. OK - that was with radio telescopes, not visible-light.
For direct imaging ... of a Solar-mass BH. Obviously that depends on if it's accreting anything.
If it is accreting, we'd struggle to see the BH for the glare from the accretion disc at any distance great enough to survive the radiation. Candle-next-to-searchlight analogy.
If it's not accreting, it'd be black-on-black, so _really_ difficult to see. It's comparable to many main belt asteroids in size, but they reflect several *percent* of the sunlight hitting them, while this would reflect zero (again, caveat accretion disc, or orbiting dust). So it'd be really difficult to see directly. It'd be pretty obvious from it's gravitational effects though - which is why we know there isn't one within a few hundred AU.
having a qr code or a link at the end of the book would be neat for the occasion where you want to link to new data or correction about the book, like for updating the closest black hole know
Excellent as ever Dr Becky. Keep up the good work!
She has such excitement for Space!
You should be playing the song 'Cygnus X-1' by Rush if you are going to talk about it.
Now you're talkin'! 🤘
Or "Black Hole Sun" by Soundgarden
The observatory used to show that Cygnus X-1 was a black hole, the David Dunlap Observatory, is just a few miles north of where the members of Rush lived.
@@millwrightrick1Awesome factoid! Big Rush fan. Not to brag, but had an 8"x10" of Alex so close you could see his wedding ring. Awesome show. Know a lot about them but didn't know that. Cygnus X-1 was, mmm, stellar?? Miss Neal and his 102 piece kit🤣🤣.
There is this thing called copyright, and RUclips has rules about respecting it. Who needs that hassle?
I am looking forward for the first „Black Hole Tour in your Neighborhood“ 😂
Dr. Becky. Can you possibly create a video about Andromeda M31 and her sister M32? Is it true that gravitational effects are already beginning to affect the Milky way? Why is it that Andromeda has 1 trillion stars yet only the same mass as our Milky way with only half the number of stars? Thanks very much for all your fascinating videos.
I blame the "doubler.shift".
@@Gunni1972 Apparently there is a gravitational source in the middle of Andromeda and the Milky Way that's pulling us both together. Probably this so called "Dark Mater".
I think the estimated mass of Andromeda is about twice that of the Milky Way, with the two being by far the dominant parts of the "Local Group".
Estimates of the number of stars in the Milky Way vary quite a lot (the damned things get obscured by dust clouds!), so we've probably a better estimate for Andromeda, because there's not so much galaxy in the way for counting. To compare star numbers between the two, you'd need to use fairly similar methods for the counting, and all the dust clouds make that quite difficult for the Milky Way.
We really do need a better name for these non-black non-holes. I love your word "compact". Compact X-ray Emitter or Compact X-ray Source doesn't trip off the tongue as nicely.
"Compact body" has been in the literature for decades, for those cases where we don't know if the body is a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole. It would also cover theoretical ideas such as "quark stars", "strange [sense : particle physics] stars" and the like.
When Betelgeuse goes supernova (it may have already but the light of the explosion did not reach us yet), it may leave the closest black hole to the Solar System (650 light years). It depends on how much mass its remains will have.
Wikipedia tells me that Betelgeuse is 14-19 solar masses and that the minimum mass for a black hole is 25. But I’m not a scientist.
@@rob.parsnipsA black hole is any mass that lacks sufficient force (acceleration) to generate electromagnetic waves in the visible light spectrum.
F=ma/E=mc.
Vantablack absorbs up to 99.965% of visible light.
@@stewiesaidthat gibberish
@@rob.parsnips I'm no scientist either, but by using my "Google-fu," I was able to find this info about this topic (sorry for the huge wall of text):
Apparently, there was or still is a lot of debate on the theoretical minimum-mass for black holes. In a press release from European Southern Observatory (ESO) titled, "How Much Mass Makes a Black Hole," revealed that a star with 40 solar masses did not create a black hole but instead a magnetar (eso0831). A magnetar is an unusual type of neutron star. This demonstration put the assumption that stars with masses above 25 solar masses would produce black holes into question.
From in the article from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory titled, "What is the Critical Mass at Which a Star Becomes a Black Hole," it is believed that stars with a final mass of around 2 to 3 solar masses will collapse to a black hole.
However, an Q&A Big Think article titled, "How to make a black hole," states that there's no minimum mass needed for a black hole but rather it needs the right density. (Perhaps, I think? It's found in the 2nd paragraph if you want to read it and correct me if I'm wrong. At the moment of writing this, I don't have time to fully digest what I'm reading. It's almost midnight where I'm at and I'm getting tired. 😄 )
Lastly, in the very last sentence in the NASA article titled, "What is Betelgeuse? Inside the Strange, Volatile Star," it is states; "Betelgeuse will become either a neutron star or black hole. The star’s final fate depends on how much material is left after the supernova event."
@@olasek7972 Probably a bot. Gotta love the New World Order. :/
I think if the sun was a black hole we would lose solar power as well as our plants died. I think lack of radiation would cause all sorts of issues like how it affects the planets orbits, mercury would cool off and our solar bodies would become super difficult to see.
Well, the lack of warming would be a problem for sure. But Dr. Becky's point was that the planets' orbits would not be affected at all. Orbital geometry depends on the mass alone, so it wouldn't matter if the Sun were shrunk down to a black-hole diameter with the same mass. But yes, you're right: the whole Solar System would become very dark and cold.
@@illexsquid "But yes, you're right: the whole Solar System would become very dark and cold." Cue the Red Dwarf theme :
"It's cold outside
There's no kind of atmosphere ..."
"scientists plan on solving global warming by turning sun into black hole"
I found a very specific one that emits instead of sucks in. It's at the other end of my body. I spent nearly a decade to find a mirror arrangement to actually confirm it visually. Worth a Nobel price surely.🤪
Always a delight to watch and learn from your brilliant videos and this one is no exception!
I am getting old, but even if I understand a fraction of what you said (notwithstanding your very clear explanations) I always learn fascinating things happening out there!
So we could get closer to the surface of a black hole (sun mass) than the sun?
3:27 [Disturbed] "Oooo-WAH-AH-AH! Get up, come on, get down with the Cygnus!"
Kareem was a GSI for my stellar physics class at UC BErkeley!!! Cool to see him mentioned
I am always amazed how information they can get from looking at a white dot. Oh, there really are no known black holes. Only speculation.
I spent the day at Greenbank West Virginia yesterday, getting the latest updates in space and the SETI research. The most surprising thing to me was that three different astronomers didn't know of you! (And two of them were from England!) I fixed that! Thank you for your posts and books!
I spent a year or two watching these so-called science videos and what I find surprising is that modern physics is still using tools developed in the stone age.
Gravitational attraction is the explanation for why some objects fall to the ground while lighter objects like smoke rises. It's because the earth is a stationary frame and without gravity, everything would float off into space.
Didn't Galileo prove that mass does not attract mass? What about nasa's hammer&feather drop test on the moon? In vacuum chambers.
Galileo also showed that the planet is in orbit around the parent star and that it's this MOTION I'm space which creates the tides. So why is Becky still using flat earth tools to describe the tides?
1) Gravity IS NOT a fundamental force of nature.
Then there is time-dilation. How is that someone cam go through life and not understand that plants are accelerated by the energy from the sun and the clock's cesium-133 atom is accelerated by the energy from a battery.
2) Clocks measure MOTION in space expressed in units of time. Just like rulers measure length expressed in units of inches. You don't say the value of an inch changes based on temperature of the ruler. Why do you say the value of a second changes based in the instruments change in motion.
It's inconceivable that someone can claim to have a PhD in physics and not understand basic physics.
F=ma. Force comes from Acceleration of the mass, not the mass itself.
E=mc where c is speed. Speed is distance/Time. E=mc then becomes E=t or Energy equals Time.
Watching these YT videos and doing basic physics research its like I'm living in a different universe. One that is 180 degrees from reality.
As Nicholas Tesla said, Relativity is nothing more than mathematical nonsense making you blind to its blatant errors.
Space and Time are SEPARATE frames of reference.
Gravity is an effect. Not a force.
E=mc is the theory of everything. Without acceleration, what do you have. Everything is an emergent property of acceleration.
You should let your friends know that Becky is a flat earther. Her tides video proves it. She should be using Newton's and Kepler's laws of motion to explain the tides. There is no mystical force coming from the moon. Why doesn't LIGO detect it? Why are the LIGO detectors being pushed put of alignment rather than pulled. If you can get Gravitational attraction to work using EM waves, you have yourself a tractor beam.
If you can create negative energy, you have yourself a time machine. E=t. Negative energy equals negative time.
Dr. B. super tricky with that Ground News ad, it was interesting enough that I only knew it was an ad from the helpful blue timer bar.
Dr. Becky I love your videos. I've been watching for a couple years now and I always get lost about half way through. At first you're breaking down things to a point I can understand and then you lose me. Don't change a thing I appreciate the first half of the videos very much! I'm sure people that are more educated than I appreciate the stuff I don't understand as well.
The kitty cat at the end 🥺
Fool of a Took! 😻
My dream is that "Planet 9" is a PBH. You would be stoked to study it; send a sizeable probe quickly with a FFR! My fantasy is: that probe also has a telescope that uses the gravitational lensing to image exoplanets. The nuclear probe would have the power for AI image processing and a laser for high data rates despite the distance. One can dream!
That is a nice dream.
But would a PBH be massive enough to produce resolvable distortions? I mean, they are possibly very small. Then again my cat is very small and manages to distort most things in his vicinity very efficiently. But that's a cat so not really a natural phenomena. I guess cats are quantum events according to some theories. Where did I put that bottle of whisky? Ah, there it is.
If there were such a large number of planetary mass black holes, wouldn’t they be likely to end up at the center of a collapsing gas cloud rather than at the periphery?
@@RPrice_OG Doesn't matter, so long as you position your sensor and (gravitational) lens correctly. For one, we're able to resolve farther objects using entire galaxy (or cluster of galaxies) as gravitational lens.
@shantiescovedo4361 you're assuming the PBH was in the solar system from the very beginning. In that case yes, it should slowly spiral inwards unitl it lies at the baryenter of the gas cloud. But if it arrived latter, after most planets had already been formed, it could've entered an orbit around Sun if it kicks out an outer planet (or a series of them) at just the right time, thus exchanging momentum. The idea that planet X is a PBH comes precisely from the curious way the orbits of Sedna, Quaoar, etc are not just super elongated, but also far away from the ecliptic - as though something very massive put them there
Being a former chem major during my college years, I rather appreciated that last blooper joke about the acidity of black holes.
One thing I do wonder is what happens if the star orbiting the black hole goes nova\super nova and becomes a black hole itself? I would think we would have two black holes orbiting each other or would the first one merge with the second one?
It becomes a black hole binary.
Great vid! Helped me to recall some old astrophysics. LOL, you probably know this but the Canadian rock group, Rush, made a song about this in the 1970s, Neil Peart, the drummer and main lyricist, came up with it. God, I remember that song from the late 1970s.
I have a question that may be interesting to answer. What is the ratio of (large) stars to black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs? Could this tell us anything about the number of black holes we should expect within a certain radius around us?
Its cheating to use data to make a testable prediction. You need to take a guess then refine it from data :)
It also depends on the angle the source is moving on. The pitch actually changes due to the vector.
So if the sun were to be replaced by a black hole of the same mass, would there be an accretion disc that could provide light to the Earth?
Could this explain the start rotation speed problem leading us to believe in dark matter?
I remember reading about Cygnus X-1 in Scientific American, and the speculation that might be a black hole. People forget that whether or not black holes actually existed was hotly debated at the time. The magazine stated that it was unlikely telescopes would ever be able to X-1 with any great resolution.
Also a great two part track from Rush, Cygnus X1
Pippin: I do what I want.
I am such a cat person.
Do this experiment. Put some water into a large pan about 1/8 of an inch deep. The water represents the galaxy. Then put some dye in the water. Then slowly stir the water in a clockwise or counter clockwise direction. Observer the dye. If you see swirling patters with in the dye and you see smaller swirls. Wouldn't this be the same as these black holes on the grander scale.
You may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts compared to the 1565 light years to the nearest known black hole!
So Cygnus X-1 is the only black hole to be both the closest and furthest black hole detected at one time. Neat!
Yes, we do love our kitty-cats. I have two.
I have been fascinated with black holes ever since I learned about them in high school. When that first image of a black whole was calculated and generated from all of that data, I was truly blown away. I am waiting for the next image to be calculated.
Always love your new video content definitely one of my favorite videos to look for read the book listen to in on audible multiple times ❤❤
Nice memories of an astrophysicist and her book and her beloved family. Socially astro doctor is giving a happy night dream instead of nightmare that big chunk of cosmos is gravitationally balanced such that we need not to worry when we see a new exotic heavenly body in our next door , we know very little.
From physicist world that black hole are very close to atomic garden but without any fixed size.
The phrase ‘black hole formation’ put me in mind of a squadron of TIE fighters.
If you want to do another review of science in art, "Cygnus X-1, Parts I and II" from Rush's A Farewell to Kings and Hemispheres might interest you.
Who knew Elvis was in to black holes! Well he was a very BIG Star.
Heartbreak Hotel was undoubtably a BH.
18:41 one of the best blooper sections yet
all respect, more than science video session sounds like history class
Aww, kitty! An endless source of bloopers!
Everything in the universe is in motion going so fast that unless you aim straight at a black hole and considering how much empty space is out there. Trying to fly into one would be challenging.You'd be more apt to fall at it so fast that you couldn't correct your approach angle and would loop around it and slingshot off the other direction. Because even the black hole is in motion. You'd be falling where it was, not where it is.
If you could bring yourself to an absolute stop compared to every object in the entire universe. You would immediately start falling towards the nearest object but the chances that you would ever hit anything would be tiny, instead you'd start orbiting around or just sling shooting off around them as they traveled past you. Things that eventually merge or crash into each other typically have to have begun from the same cloud of stuff. Otherwise their relative motions just make it too hard to fall at each other the right way.
00:36 - BUT.... It'd get MIGHTY NIPPY REAL SOON, so you'd have to dig out those thermals and Winter clothes! 🤣🤣🤣 😎🇬🇧
While I'm reading "collimator" on the screen: Dr. Becky, have you ever made up a word yourself for any work? Or do you know someone who 'forged' a new word?
This video is really interesting. Thanks Dr.becky 😊
Hey,You are the only astrophysicist i can reach out to.i found you on youtube and really like your videos.so i have a theory which i hope interests you.(dont mind the spelling or vocabulary mistakes,english is my second language)
Introduction:we know general relativity is a theory explained by the great scientist Einstein. in it, Gravity isn't a force but the curvature of an invisible fabric named space-time. my theory shares the basic concepts of general relativity and also extension of a small part of general relativity.
The theory & The connection between general relativity & my theory: so, my theory says that Time is a fabric that moves through another dimension and is another layer that is on top of space-time. when there is a other layer with a lot of mass like a Blackhole (or) neutron star the spacetime gets curved and is also pulling the time fabric causing it to stretch. The time fabric is like a fabric in real life at small masses it doesn't stretch as much & only curves, but when there is a big mass it stretches. The fabric closer to the mass will be more stretched.The fabric directly under a blackhole is so streached that it breaks. you might be thinking why is the part under the blackhole the only part that breaks & the part under a giant star doesn't, blackholes are just mass stuffed into single small part. you might be thinking, what does that have to do with this, we learned that Preassure = force
--------
Area
Smaller the area more the area more the preassure.So while inside a blackhole timestops.
Conclusion:my theory is just a theoretical continuation of einstiens theory. In his theory he says Gravity disturbas time, but in my theory is an explaination of time dialation & what happens to time that causes time dialation.
Bonus facts:Gravity & time are connected in another dimension. (Gravity means curvature of spacetime), when there is a small dip in spacetime there is only a slight strech of fabric of time,when there is a big dip there is a big streach in fabric of time.
I am a 14 year old kid and dont have enough knowledge to prove my theory is real.i hope this intrested you.😅
there is no fabric of spacetime
it's a figurative speech
spacetime is a 4 dimensional mathematical matrix that got worked out by minkowski [and not by einstein, einsten always was against the idea of spacetime]
according to einstein, gravity is a connection between inertia and energy density
spacetime [the 4 velocity] got implemented into the field equations, and since then the myth about "the singularity" got born
all physicists know there is no singularity in nature
time dilation in general relativity is a curved line since there is only acceleration in field equations
time dilation in secial relativity is a straight lline [flat spacetime] since there os only inertia in special relativity [E=mc^2 is describing non moving reference frame, hence the idea of so called rest mass - the energy that you have eventhough you are not moving at c]
in both relativistic theories time is the light itself, since light is giving to you any and all information about any event that you can see
I wish we could discover a back hole closer to Earth so I knew where to throw my laundy ;) So it seems that so far, our only means of discoverying these black holes is if there is a star in orbit around them. Which begs the question, how many more, maybe even closer to Sol, are there out there that are dormant and that do not have a star orbiting them?
Good question.
Thanks, dr. Becky! 😊
Now imagine having the opportunity to study closely a blackhole with probes and so on... That'd be crazy!
Anyway, stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
Starting at about 03:23 in this video:
The FIRST _Black Hole_ was not _discovered_ until 1972?
I thought they had been _actually discovered_ before that date. Learned something new...👍
thanks dr becky for the information
seems like we'll have at least one black hole pair orbiting each other in the future, cygnus x-1
What a greatiful video. Thanks, Dr. Becky!
@11:24 "If you wanna know more about that HOLE time..." Nice
Okay, stupid question time! My biologist brain kicked up this one as I was watching the beginning of your video. If the sun were to turn into a black hole the same mass as Sol, would the loss of solar wind affect the orbit of some objects? I do not know if there is any appreciable effect on orbital mechanics that arses from the effects of solar wind on orbiting objects. It's probably negligible, but I'm a biologist so I don't know.
Hopefully that made sense.
"If i could change the sun into a black hole of exactly the same mass right now [...] we wouldn't be affected at all except to notice someone had turned the lights out" this feels like a midly huge understatement. Maybe something xkcd what if can address? :P
Excellent explanations about nearby black holes -- thank you Dr. Becky! ⚫️ PS: love your assistant! 🐈
Martin Elvin must have been really surprised that Elvis spotted A0620-00 V616 Monocerotis at the same time in 1975 😂
Your sound examples for the Doppler effect seem wrong. The frequency should be sigmoid, but in all the examples it sounded like the shift continued as the object kept moving.
This gives the incorrect appearance that the relative position matters, but it really is just a function of the relative velocity, which changes drastically in a short region when the ambulance drives past you, and then is more or less constant (more so the smaller the angle gets).
How much radiation pressure do the planets feel from the sun? Would it be a noticeable difference with it missing in the example of replacing the Sun with a similar mass BH?
Great episode. I learned a lot! Thanks
Frederik Pohls Gateway was a great book when read it 1st time, late -70:ies or early -80:ies. Good times!
The interesting thing for me is that we can only see black holes if they interact with something. So in the case of these small black holes if they are in a binary system. So there are a whole lot of them, even nearer but we cant detect them
Kitty! It is an interesting phenomena that pets increase ambient gravity when on a lap or chest. Someone should investigate how the Higgs boson interacts with domesticated animals.
Changing the Sun by a black hole of the same mass: besides the getting frozen" part that she mentions it will be an expectable look in the direction of the black hole the gravitational lensing will be crazy and objects closing on the BH will have pretty different proper times. Also, objects closing in will feel effects like making the major axis effects. But as she say there is nothing we can see that it's close enough to see those effects (Mercury is close enough to feel the non Newtonian effects, but they will be the same)
Can't be afraid of something you're probably living in.
I remember when Cygnus X1 was confirmed. I named a crow I raised at the time Cygnus. Sadly he was sucked up (stolen) off the fence at my parents country store where he would beg for food.
Makes me wonder if this many black holes out there is the reason for the Fermi paradox. It might not be safe enough to travel through interstellar space.
First off. No two complex snowflakes are exactly alike, structure and chemical composition.
How are you going to get another 'Earth like' planet when the universe can't even create identical snowflakes.
Organic life has yet to be created out of inorganic compounds in a lab. The origin of life is still unknown.
The dinosaurs were around for 150 million years. Where are their 'pyramids'. Out of 7-8 million species, only one developed the capacity to go to the moon.
If by chance there is another earth like planet sans moon, would the inhabitants even bother to figure out space travel? Baby steps. First the moon. Then Mars. Then Jupiter and Saturn and Alpha Centari. If the moon or mars was inhabitable, then the chances of space flight would go up exponentially.
It would take the space shuttle 150,000 years to reach AC. Civilization on earth began less than 10,000 years ago. It would take 1000s of generations to reach something that is only 4 light years away. Try 10s of thousands of light years away. You can't even communicate with other civilizations. Let alone, visit in person.
pip pip hooray
for the advancement of science, i enthusiastically approve of the feline viewpoint
At least cats don't believe in unreal things. Except laser pointers of course.
Gravitational effects may be unchanged in this scenario of the sun becoming a black hole, however everything would freeze lol. So everything would definitely be affected.
I have a question that has gone unanswered for a while..
If we could stabalize and contain microscopic singularities, could they be used in space as a source of artificial gravity?
Sure. All you need is Harry Potters wand and thee singularity stones. ;-)
When a star is orbiting a companion star and the companion star collapses into a black hole, is the black hole the same mass as the initial star? I would think that it might loose some mass from shedding some of the outer layers that are beyond the event horizon? If the mass is the same, then does the first stars orbit change? Does it change because of the change in mass. Does the star's orbit change because as a black hole space-time is changed? is the remaining star's orbit effected by gravitational waves? So many questions!
If electrons are point particles, but also have a mass, could they not be considered the closest (naked, charged) black holes to us?
A friend in a discord server suggested your channel to me. Now every time I watch your vids i think of them. Deep Fried Peanut Butt if you are out there you are missed
Given the sheer size of a star, let alone a super giant blue star, is orbiting something else every 5.6 days, the speeds must be absolutely bonkers...
I have a feeling it's going to be a similar story where it feels like every other week we've found "the furthest star/system from us." Now that we're starting to see the data in X-Rays, orbital patters, etc, it'll only be a matter of time before we spot a black hole in our literal back yard.
That depends very much on the actual population numbers of black holes. Since the only way we know to form them is by supernova and subsequent collapse of s large star, then their formation rate in our galaxy is around 1 per century.
Actually, not even that high - 4 supernovae have happened in the Milky Way in the last millennium. Even if we've only *seen* half of them, that's less than 1/ century.
How much more sensitive instruments would we need to detect radiation from "dormant" black hole accretion of interstellar medium or companion star stellar wind?
I like the Lego Defender in the background. ❤
how can black holes collide if time dilation occurs near a black hole? wouldn't they appear to slow down because they are close to one another? if it appears to take forever for an object to pass the event horizon of a black hole why do we observe two black holes merging via gravitational waves?
Excellent video! You're channel is one of my favorites!
That discovery of the first black hole is really interesting because it shows how science works, because many different alternativies explanations were proposed, and when they compared which one was the best, the one that was actually a black hole won. There was even a funny bet between stephen hawking and kip thorne, and kip thorne won, because he said it was in fact, a black hole.
At yet, no one understands the physics behind a black hole. Hawkings has some nonsensical math formula etched into his grave stone proclaiming he is a flat earther.
F=G(m1m2)/R2? What does that even pertain to? G is the Earth's 'gravitational force'. Does that mean the universe revolves around the Earth's reference frame. That's called relativity you know? Mars 'gravity' is 80% relative to Earth's. What is Mars actual gravity?
Gravity has nothing to do with a black hole because it's not accelerating anything outside its frame, which is its physical dimensions.
There is no gravitational pull from a BH just like there is no gravitational pull from the moon. Research LIGO. Which way were the detectors moved. Towards the source or away from the source.
The drop tests in the vacuum chamber. Why do light objects fall at the same rate as heavy objects?
Galileo theorized that it's the Earth's Motion in space that creates the tides. How about using Newton's and Kepler's Laws of Motion to describe the tides.
Gravity is stationary frame physics and Becky should know that of she was truly an astrophysicist.
What did it take? 400 years for the scientific community to admit that Bruno was right. That there are exo-planets. He also theorized that the universe is infinite. It has no center. Isn't that what JWST is telling you.
Relativity has never been validated .
Gravitational attraction has never been validated.
The big bang has never been validated.
And yet you hold them as truths.
how would the doppler shift measurement be accurate if what we are seeing is lookback time?
Nice BH update. Thanks.
Cygnus X-1 is also a great Rush song
How about 00:44 in this video...
CATS gonna CAT...😊
*EDIT→* At about 18:05 in this video, during the Bloopers...
*_"You're just going to lay on my keyboard while I work, eh?"_*
SAME...🤭