I recently wrote a song in the Key of G major. I did this because It was comfortable for me to sing. But after reading through jazz music books I saw all the songs that were done in Ab. So I tried it. The transposing was a little tough but I got through it. I cannot believe the difference in the sound of the chords from G major to Ab. It made a world of difference. So beautiful.
I love learning from you. You seem like such a warm-hearted and genuinely a good person that watching you goofing around is like a holiday for the soul (not downplaying your keen professionalism). Thank you for these videos!
Randomly came across this video and I was just thinking what a pleasant personality this person has and then seen the comment from Riku Soikkeli from 3 years ago saying, "....You seem like such a warm-hearted and genuinely a good person that watching you goofing around is like a holiday." Definitely your personality shines through. Liked the content too. Thank you.
Hi Aimee, I’m so glad I’ve found you. I’m 58 years old and have been singing since I was a little girl. It’s truly my passion. However, I’ve never taken voice lessons and wish I would have when I was little. I want to learn how to control my voice, exercise it properly. I’m also an alto. I love singing blues! It seems to come so naturally for me. Anyhow, I’m going to look at more of your videos and look up Rick Beato to learn the notes. Thank you so much
Aside from vocal comfort, I often choose a key based on its "personality." Some people insist this is b.s. but I honestly believe that keys have individual personalities and many are instantly recognizable to me aurally: C, D, Dm, E, Eb, F, and G, for example. If I hear a song in these keys, I can tell right away. And when I write songs, I'll often choose a particular key based on the intended emotion of the piece. If I want to write a love song, I'll probably choose D. If I want to write something "sophisticated" in the manner of a standard, I'll probably choose Eb. If I want to write a pop song, I'll go with G or E. If I want to write something melancholy (without going minor), I'll choose F. And some keys annoy me. I dislike B (and not because of the accidentals -- I don't accompany myself) and Ab. Something about them just rubs me the wrong way. I don't have perfect pitch but I do have this weird ability to identify keys and will defend to my dying day the claim that changing key, even just a half step, can completely change the "color" of a song.
Maybe you have some form of synesthesia or something like that? Because to me all keys sound the same. I can recognize the sound of a down tuned guitar, though, but that has to do with the timbre of the instrument, not with the key itself. Playing the song in a different key of course changes the sound a bit since different instruments sound a bit different in different registers. But again, this I think has more to do with the register, not with the key itself (and in this case a half step difference one way or the other wouldn't make a difference). But yeah, different people have different abilities. To someone with a perfect pitch, and especially to someone with chromesthesia, the key probably matters a lot. To me which key I choose has to do with the instruments. For example if I want to write something for guitar, I pick a key that allows me to use certain chord voicings (so keys like Eb and Ab will most likely not work, unless the guitar is tuned down a half step). Or if there are horns, I will probably not choose a key like A major or E major. I can't argue that keys don't have personalities because just because I don't hear a difference between different keys doesn't mean this applies to everybody. But I can argue that 12 tone equal temperament has made keys lose the characteristics that they had back when 12 tone equal temperament was not in use.
In early classical music, every key had its own code. Especially in baroque opera, like Handel or Vivaldi. The villain sings in a different key than the hero, for instance, and audiences knew that and expected it. Some keys were for arie de furie, others for the soothing arias, or the ones of hope or joy or triumph. Now we only have major and minor, but it used to be much more complex. Earlier than that, they used modes, of which only major and minor scales survived, the old aeolian and mixolydian modes, but there were eight of them, each with its own scale signature for half and whole steps. Worthwhile your research.
*............I believe the reason each key has it’s own “flavor” is because of “equal temperament tuning “. Your not really shifting up and down in frequency with 100% correspondence. Mary McPartland, a famous jazz piano player agrees with you, I heard her discuss this subject one time....*
I just started playing the Uke and now I've realized I have to learn how to sing. Not tone deaf (officially) but I'm pretty crappy. Of course, the song I chose is in key of A which I cannot hit. Your quick method has given me the courage to carry on and continue with my learning. I'm going to give this a try. Thanks very much. :)
Thank you. I have been a musician for two years and I haven't worked with a lot of other musicians. I have actually only worked in an ensemble once for my first year of Jazz last year. Even as a bassist, I like learning about other instruments and singers. This was really helpful to make me understand more about singers.
Aimee, you will appreciate this one. I was gigging (on keys) at church with a new worship leader who showed up with song written in Eb, but he wanted it in Bb. The soprano chimed in that she would prefer it up in E (not happening!) and the guitar player suggested G (of course). I'm listening to all this, all the while hoping they don't settle something like B, and look down to realize that besides the key nonsense, the thing is written in 5/4 time. EEK! Ah the joy of being a hired gun :)
I started doing this lately and it's basically the best thing to happen to my singing. I would often sing a song by Bruno Mars and hit all the right notes, but sound like crap. But if I lower the key... so so much better! The most important thing is to sound good, not have the biggest range or sound technically good!
How do you know if you hit the notes? Using an app on my phone to monitor if I do. But it's kind of annoying when learning a new song, gotta memories all the tones in the song
Great advice! I'm really glad you mentioned the issue of keys for the instrumentalists. A lot of vocalists who don't play an instrument don't realize just how troublesome some transpositions can be. I am not much of a piano player but from what I've heard (correct me if I'm wrong, please) a whole step transposition is challenging. On a guitar there are some keys that are fairly rough and may be impossible if open string cowboy chord voicings are called for, Eb being a great example, which requires retuning the entire instrument a half step down. Even fairly good players won't be able to play things in a different key totally out the gate. Vocalists, learn to play an instrument or two. You don't need to be especially good at it, just enough to get some appreciation for what those of us accompanying you do.
Thanks for all the great videos! Regarding picking the key...I do the same, except I look for the *high* note and place it where I can sing it comfortably and with the appropriate volume, sustain, etc, as it usually is a sort of climax for the song. I guess I've done this all my life because my problem is reaching the high notes of the songs. Then, thinking about it now, if we base the key on one's low note, we could be wasting a lot of our high range if the song doesn't really demand a lot of range. I believe the song would sound nicer using as high a key as we comfortably could. (at least pop music).
As a singer I have always done that instinctively, choosing my key based on where the lowest note sits comfortably in my voice. Thanks for explaining that.
I love your channel Aimee! You're a natural teacher. This is been a question mine for many years as well, and I'm glad that you did video cast on it. This helps me out tremendously . Thank you, Aimee! Keep up the good work! :-)
Great info Aimee. I play at a weekly jam that is more like a singalong with perhaps 6 females and 6 or 8 males and often 5 or 6 instruments. As we do hundreds of songs of all genres key choice is always an issue especially with written chord sheets and sometimes opposite genders wanting the lead. We find that if musicians really don't want to transpose on some, it is played to one lead singer's range and everyone else sucks it up and finds their right harmony note for the melody or chord backup and usually it is really great with 3 or 4 part harmonies popping out of the blue. So in an informal (esp. nonjazz) setting everyone can still usually get happy and learn some backup harmony construction. But as an observation after many years: I am astonished by the number of good amateur singers and even musicians that really have absolutely no idea of their usable vocal range e.g. maybe A2 to E4 for a guy or F3 to C5 for alto ladies. If a singer knows their range by note name, and then takes a little trouble to learn how to identify a scale tone note (for the highest or lowest note in a melody), they can then quickly know which key is probably their best for a piece without even going to an instrument. They would just name the key after humming through it in a few seconds like you do. But learning scale tone identity seems to be an insurmountable hurdle for so many, so often the band just finds the key by the usual trial and error, with continual frustrations, transposing goofups, and delays. And yes, brass showing up at basically a guitar/mandolin type jam is always an exercise in futility for the uninformed! Oh, and as a guy I usually look for the high note not the low. Appreciate your great advice.
Nice, as always. As a guy, I guess I always check on the highest note first. As an acoustic guitarist, some songs sound particularly cool with a certain voicing with some open strings (e.g. Simon & Garfunkel). Fortunately, a capo can help going up. Bet, going down may set the capo so high, that the guitar starts to sound like a mandolin, throwing off the vibe of the song. Then sometimes, you stumble across an even better voicing. I was backing up a female lead singing Adele's Someone Like You in A (I believe that's the original key), which is mostly a piano song, and I had a guitar. But I stumbled across a really nice "piano-like" voicing. Stretching instrumentally to meet the singer can uncover some cool stuff.
Great video! Really glad I found this channel. I tend to do the opposite and find the highest note on the song, and find what note that is relative to the tonic. I then choose a key such that that note is around an F natural (a half-step in either direction, for flexibility), since I know that's as high as I like going. So if I'm singing As Time Goes By, the highest notes is the 2, so I'll put the song in Eb. It's just useful to know what your limits are.
I agree. That's what I always do as well, Stephen. I have a bass range, so I usually go close to as high as I comfortably can. Her method though is as she says, a good quick fix, especially for singers who don't have a big range.
Aimee, I think you are a great teacher and this is a great video containing "sound" advice. (sorry) I do feel that it's helpful to mention that when you were matching the notes to Frank's version of "Fly with Me", you were already an octave higher than he was. Transposing by an octave in either direction might provide satisfactory results as well without changing key at all. My vocal range is in the bass. I will often drop the melody by an octave rather than changing the key. It can sound a lot less energetic than the original, but as someone mentioned above, guitar parts sometimes only sound right in the original key, or moved by no more than a semitone or two. It's a really great video. Cheers. ~BHH
As a vocalist with minimal ability, I can say that those minimal half step changes are often crucial to getting a lot out of something that is so little. If someone else were playing and had trouble, I may would attempt to sing in a different key. I would have to determine all factors involved at the moment. Bb, B and C are sweet spots for many songs I sing and yes, the key of B may be a difficult key in which to perform, but it is sometimes crucial to get the most out of my voice. As an instrumentalist, I can say that some keys are more challenging than others, but I always approach them with the mindset that they are all the same and they can be conquered. I will play where it is needed and I will conquer the piano and not let the piano conquer me.
I’ve been thinking about this a lot lately. Whether it makes sense to choose 1) The absolute best key for my voice 2) The key of a famous recording that suits my range 3) The “standard” key, which most often will sound wrong stylistically 4) A key that suits my voice and is in a “relative” key to the standard key. I’ve been sticking to 4 lately.
So cool video! Thanks again Aimee! Love your videos! I do this: Example with Autum leaves: 1) Know my range, low and high notes comfortable. F3 - C5 (bass/baritone) 2) See the sheet music and do this: Autum leaves: Original Key : Em low note: B3 high note: D5 Starts in : E4 3) I choice, i can sing in all tones that are in the range of my low and high voice, so i have option: Dm(more high) - C#m - Cm - Bm - Bbm(more low) 4) I choice Cm (optional) and do this: Key to sing: Cm low note :G3 high note : B4 I start in: C4 Optional: I'm looking for youtube videos that are in the same key, and play with my flute in that keys and the rest of they. :D
*.......Don’t forget about capos for guitar, and the transpose key on the piano. These allow your fingers to play in any key, but get any other of the 12 keys sounds. Also for newbies on guitar and piano, just use trial and error. Play a key that’s easy for you and try to sing in that key. Unfortunately it’s hard to figure out how to shift up and down your voice from the studio (radio play) version of a song. Also if you are having trouble singing a different key than the recorded version then look for covers of the song on RUclips and see if you like the key of those covers and play and sing along to those covers in a different key....*
Love this. As an example - everything is fine (for the pianist) in Jerome Kern's "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" (3 flats) until you hit bar 16 "So I chaffed" (5 sharps). Back to reading the notes.
2:28 "come fly with me, let's fly lets fly away" is right where I like to sing & tune into. I'm working on a song now, but I go for high sparkly chorus. I can go down easily an octive & a bit, below middle C (so I'll be safe down there) but I don't sing down there, which to me sounds very deep. The partly written song is a bit like the soprano part of Time To Say Goodbye, the part Engligh version of the Italian hit Con Te Partiro. Who my teacher (of many years ago) recorded (Johnathan Welch). My song will be in English though. It's about a lady who, while suffeing depression who wrote a song this year. She wasn't well enough to perform it, so I did, @ our choirs prformences. But she made the last performance & we were so proud. My song is really about anybody who uses music as therapy, to make life just a liddle bit better.
I assume that the jazz musicians like the flat keys because many of them play Bb and Eb instruments. (I'm sure you know all this, Aimee! But for my own practice and for other readers, here's some info.) So if their music is written in C, it sounds in Bb or in Eb, and to get their music to sound in C, you have to write in in D (two sharps) or A (three sharps). If you want it to be in a sharp key, you're adding sharps to the ones they already have. If you have two sharps (D or Bm), then they have four sharps (E or C#m for Bb instrument) or five sharps (B or G#m for Eb instruments).
I have an admission to make. If a vocalist wants to sing a song in B natural, I'll whisper to the bass player to make it B flat... BUT I WON'T TELL THE VOCALIST. (Let's keep this to ourselves, shall we? I could lose my union card.)
Thats what I was going to say.. You'll find out real quick! But seriously, who would be such a diva to demand B?! only someone who has never played an instrument?
Band in a Box can be helpful for finding key, because it will play it in any key. But you do need to know the chords to type them in. Actually iRealPro will do that also, but it's have to type into iRealPro than into BinB
Where do your go when you are like super super low at your low note? I play alot of blues so it ain't that much of a big deal but find my lowest to be too low and find it very difficult to change keys. Therefore, I just change instrument keys to fit my vocal tone. Saying that I am pretty much a newbie at actually delving into proper singing. Always just played an instrument and tried singing just couldn't find my natural tone. Already. Finding your tips at starting at your lowest key much more versatile tho. Thank you for sharing this. The first real sort of tuition on vocal work.
For what the musicians like playing, it depends a lots on the instrument. Guitarists like E. Pianists like C. Horns like Bb. I'd also suggest that you try not just the low note but the high note. That will give you a range of keys you can sing it in which is really useful for putting together a set that doesn't all sound the same. Just be careful about going with the extremes... I've got a couple deep songs I can only sing when I've got a cold and a a couple high songs I can only sing when I am warmed up. Personally I like singing in Bb. It's the only key that I can sing most melodies either high or low. There are some good apps that will transpose the songs on the fly for you so you can sing along with them even if the original key doesn't work for you.
nacoran *.....Don’t forget about capos for guitars, and the transpose key on a piano....Thus on either instrument you can play Key of “E-shape”, but actually play in any key....*
Yeah, but despite capos you'll probably find more guitar players playing in E than anything else. I'm a diatonic harmonica player, so when I go to grab a harp those are the first ones I try when I'm playing along with a song on the radio and I don't want to take the time to look it up. If I'm watching a video or playing live I look for the capos if I can't just ask someone. If I'm trying to work it out on my own my next step if that's not right is to try to decide how close it is to see how many steps around the circle of fifths I need to jump.
Hi, again, Aimee. I've been working on this for a couple weeks now. As a guitarist, I always wrote the guitar part first and if I added a vocal, it had to be in that key. (Well, as a kid, I didn't know what a 'key' was.) And I learned standards in their most common keys. And I just thought I was a bad singer. Still not great by any means, but when I do "All of Me" in Ab instead of C and "Satin Doll" in F instead of C and "Honeysuckle Rose" in D instead of F, they sound okay. Woo hoo!
Mark Rhodes that's a great point. Maybe people don't realize how important it is to find a comfortable key or what that even means. Something to think about.
i am a musician of 33 yrs..I usually tell them if you can hit the highest note..or sing the highest note of the song and if you cannot sing it/or its too high, then thats not the key for your voice.
I have been looking at the highest note. Can I sing it without straining? How often does it occur in the song? Hitting my highest note a few times is ok. I don't want to sing three bars of 8th notes really high. No one has ever given me any guidance on picking a key. I assumed modern arrangements were meant to he sung in a vocalist's higher register. I back down a full step if I have to sing the high note repeatedly. I will try looking at the lowest note and see how well that works for me.
Hi, Aimee. Was looking for advice on this subject yesterday and found your video. Very helpful. Already helping me. (And they said I was beyond help....)
You're welcome, Aimee. I moderate a jazz guitar forum and posted your video there in a thread on this topic. Turns out several people there already knew about you. I also posted your "Day I Put My Real Books Away" video in a thread of its own because that topic---Real Books vs. learning by ear---comes up a lot.
Mark Rhodes I went to see John Clayton last night and when I approached him after the concert to shake his hand and thank him, HE RECOGNIZED me and told me he has SEEN this video. Mind blown! I was on cloud nine all night. Still am. Maybe you made that happen!!
My husband (an amateur guitarist/singer) has been struggling Crying by Roy Orbison. He sounds great singing the main part of the song, my goodness it would curl your toes how great he sounds. But when he gets to the high notes he can kind of sing them, but not with confidence. But he is insisting on doing it in the same key as the recording of Roy. I've been suggesting he go ahead and hit the high notes just real quick and then lower his tone for holding the rest of the note's time. I've also suggested he cheese out and not go for it, just change the melody a bit. Is there an official name for "cheesing out?" Just curious.
this is very cool, but when you are playing a rock tune which has a very recognizable guitar riff then you are screwed because the tone, timbre, and idiosyncrasy of the guitar part can often be so much a priority. Play the tune in another key that fits your voice, and the guitar riff doesn't sound quite right. Things like timbre and the quality of open strings and techniques of guitar articulation don't transfer to just any key. My approach to this is to develop my own version of the riff in another key, which I'm cool with but some rock purists won't accept an approximation of the riff in another key. It does depend on the song, some riffs do transfer pretty nicely, but others just don't work so well. I also wonder if this is a concern with piano tunes, or is this more of a guitar idiosyncrasy thing. what say you Aimee?
It’s definitely a problem on guitar. Not so much on the piano. I don’t feel like people notice because there aren’t any open strings to deal with so the sound is probably uniform. It definitely takes some thought on the guitar. I’m glad you are putting in the work. :-)
Hi Aimee! It's funny that you find the low note and work from there. I'm a bass 2 and I have to use the opposite method since my lowest note, while nice, is really too low (B1 or C2 depending on the day) for an uptempo jazz standard for instance. My highest notes are my weak spot so I look forthe highest note in the song without really considering how low I'll have to go :)
I do the same as you. Never thought of doing it the other way round. I think men and women tend to sing in a medium register, so it makes sense if men look for their higher note and women look for their lowest.
I would love to see you perform a song. I wish I could sing but going to karaoke to listen to people with a glass of courage get up made me wonder how do you know what key to sing in.... thank you for this nice explanation.
Aimee. I like your method, but I'd note that many old recordings are off-speed and therefore off-key. No way to prove it, but I'd bet that Frank was really in Bb or C. More interesting, when composing or covering a song at the piano, if not worried about your voice, how do you choose the key? Register? Sharps or flats? Are you one of those people for whom every key "feels" different? For me, gospel feels so right in Bb on the piano, but awful in A-natural. Ballads very vanilla in C but lush in Eb, even though higher. More so at the piano than, say, orchestra
Old comment, I know, but in case someone reads. With equal temperament now the standard, I suspect the difference is more in the playability of an instrument in a particular key, than to the sound. Playing piano in A or D is a tremendously different experience on piano than in Bb or Eb, even for the very best musician. For any kind of expressive music, that difference will come through in the playing. I'd bet a chocolate donut that if we could snap our fingers and cause every instrument on the planet to retune itself up a half step (without changing our definition of concert A at 440), then people would suddenly start talking about how 'natural' or 'warm' or 'expressive' A and D are (when played where Bb and Eb are today, with 2 and 3 flats), and how 'stiff' and 'cold' (concert) Ab has become (now that we play it in three sharps).
Thanks 💖💖 but its strange when you find the right key of a song that you like but your voice doesn't sound good, yet another song in the right key makes your voice sound beautiful ?
I just stumbled upon your channel after searching this subject. I realize you recorded this a long time ago, but I have a question regarding your mentioning to find the lowest comfortable note in a song, in order to find the best key to sing a song in. If someone can sing lower notes, what happens when the song goes higher in the same key? That's my challenge. I can sing the entire song, except the higher note. Is the best approach to find the right key by starting with the highest note and lowering it? (Which can be problematic for the lower note). I hope I explained clearly. Appreciate your reply.
I have a comfortable range of C2 to D5. i can go lower and higher but that is the most comfortable for me personally. i find that most of the songs i sing i many times have to transpose up very slightly and sing an octave below
Very interesting talk, Aimee. I'll start humming or singing a tune a cappella; when I get to the piano, 9 times out of 10 the song is in the key of F or Bb. So maybe instinctively the selected key in our heads is something we can handle on low or high side. Sinatra was a bass voice, seems like much of his selections in Ab - Pennies From Heaven, my fave is Bing Crosby.in ballad form.
I'm not a gigging musician - just a guy who played instruments years ago. But even I know that if you're going to work with a singer, you need to be able to transpose any key to any tune. Comping for a singer is different than playing any written part in any key - it should be much easier. I suspect there are just guys out there who want to bitch about the chick singer out of habit. On a separate subject - musicians who play transposing instruments - horn players - play in different keys than the piano, so the key the singer picks isn't the key they play in. So B major on a piano is C# on tenor sax, whereas Bb becomes C. So they should be able to transpose - it's a basic skill - but you might want to stay away from a lot of accidentals if you know you're playing with a transposing instrument.
Hey Aimee, awesome video, really helpful stuff. But what if you aren't singing a song and just want to warm up your voice? I've been using a tuner when I try to get warmed up, but I wonder if I should be setting it to a certain key. I'm trying to get into singing and all that. Oh and do you have perfect pitch?
Look up Sara Leib, My Favorite Vocal Warmup on RUclips. She will help you with this! :) Also, I have a video called Developing Perfect Pitch that answers your question! ;)
Hi Aimee. Need some advice: I play in a ukulele band and most of the singers are altos. However, we play singalongs at public events, so what key and/or note range should we be shooting for? Do we shoot for our altos' key so we can sing strongly or try to sing in the public's range?
I'm kinda off on knowing what key my voice is in because I am a lower key male voice. When I do a cover on this channel I'm commenting from, I use a website vocalremover.org to pitch the instrumentals low. And I pitch it down to 5.0. Which actually helps alot and I sound really good, but Idk my voice pitch.
OMG, my wife and I say exactly the same time every time we hear Billie Holiday: "DON'T LEARN A MELODY FROM BILLIE!" :) And I expect those liberties to be taken with a singer more famous for bringing emotion to a song than for a literal interpretation. What always surprises me is how many liberties Hoagy Carmichael takes when he sings his OWN songs! Ella songbook series on the other hand is as good as sheet music signed by the composer--verse and all. :)
I did learn most jazz songs from Billie Holiday, actually. I'm in that range. And after her, everybody else sounds so.....square. Now I sing mostly classical and my lessons broadened my comfy range to a decent two octaves. That's enough to do most arias. Artsong comes in three standard one third apart transpositions in the sheetmusic because the pianist has to be able to play it too.
I recently wrote a song in the Key of G major. I did this because It was comfortable for me to sing. But after reading through jazz music books I saw all the songs that were done in Ab. So I tried it. The transposing was a little tough but I got through it. I cannot believe the difference in the sound of the chords from G major to Ab. It made a world of difference. So beautiful.
I love learning from you. You seem like such a warm-hearted and genuinely a good person that watching you goofing around is like a holiday for the soul (not downplaying your keen professionalism). Thank you for these videos!
Riku Soikkeli
Exactly!
Randomly came across this video and I was just thinking what a pleasant personality this person has and then seen the comment from Riku Soikkeli from 3 years ago saying, "....You seem like such a warm-hearted and genuinely a good person that watching you goofing around is like a holiday." Definitely your personality shines through. Liked the content too. Thank you.
Hi Aimee, I’m so glad I’ve found you. I’m 58 years old and have been singing since I was a little girl. It’s truly my passion. However, I’ve never taken voice lessons and wish I would have when I was little. I want to learn how to control my voice, exercise it properly. I’m also an alto. I love singing blues! It seems to come so naturally for me. Anyhow, I’m going to look at more
of your videos and look up Rick Beato to learn the notes. Thank you so much
What a beautiful voice, Thanks for this video. I've been working on vocals for a couple years now and struggle in different areas.
Aside from vocal comfort, I often choose a key based on its "personality." Some people insist this is b.s. but I honestly believe that keys have individual personalities and many are instantly recognizable to me aurally: C, D, Dm, E, Eb, F, and G, for example. If I hear a song in these keys, I can tell right away. And when I write songs, I'll often choose a particular key based on the intended emotion of the piece. If I want to write a love song, I'll probably choose D. If I want to write something "sophisticated" in the manner of a standard, I'll probably choose Eb. If I want to write a pop song, I'll go with G or E. If I want to write something melancholy (without going minor), I'll choose F. And some keys annoy me. I dislike B (and not because of the accidentals -- I don't accompany myself) and Ab. Something about them just rubs me the wrong way. I don't have perfect pitch but I do have this weird ability to identify keys and will defend to my dying day the claim that changing key, even just a half step, can completely change the "color" of a song.
Maybe you have some form of synesthesia or something like that? Because to me all keys sound the same. I can recognize the sound of a down tuned guitar, though, but that has to do with the timbre of the instrument, not with the key itself. Playing the song in a different key of course changes the sound a bit since different instruments sound a bit different in different registers. But again, this I think has more to do with the register, not with the key itself (and in this case a half step difference one way or the other wouldn't make a difference).
But yeah, different people have different abilities. To someone with a perfect pitch, and especially to someone with chromesthesia, the key probably matters a lot. To me which key I choose has to do with the instruments. For example if I want to write something for guitar, I pick a key that allows me to use certain chord voicings (so keys like Eb and Ab will most likely not work, unless the guitar is tuned down a half step). Or if there are horns, I will probably not choose a key like A major or E major.
I can't argue that keys don't have personalities because just because I don't hear a difference between different keys doesn't mean this applies to everybody. But I can argue that 12 tone equal temperament has made keys lose the characteristics that they had back when 12 tone equal temperament was not in use.
This sounds SO interesting!
In early classical music, every key had its own code. Especially in baroque opera, like Handel or Vivaldi. The villain sings in a different key than the hero, for instance, and audiences knew that and expected it. Some keys were for arie de furie, others for the soothing arias, or the ones of hope or joy or triumph. Now we only have major and minor, but it used to be much more complex. Earlier than that, they used modes, of which only major and minor scales survived, the old aeolian and mixolydian modes, but there were eight of them, each with its own scale signature for half and whole steps. Worthwhile your research.
*............I believe the reason each key has it’s own “flavor” is because of “equal temperament tuning “. Your not really shifting up and down in frequency with 100% correspondence. Mary McPartland, a famous jazz piano player agrees with you, I heard her discuss this subject one time....*
For you. Of course other folks hear things differently.
I just started playing the Uke and now I've realized I have to learn how to sing. Not tone deaf (officially) but I'm pretty crappy. Of course, the song I chose is in key of A which I cannot hit. Your quick method has given me the courage to carry on and continue with my learning. I'm going to give this a try. Thanks very much. :)
Thank you. I have been a musician for two years and I haven't worked with a lot of other musicians. I have actually only worked in an ensemble once for my first year of Jazz last year. Even as a bassist, I like learning about other instruments and singers. This was really helpful to make me understand more about singers.
Aimee, you will appreciate this one. I was gigging (on keys) at church with a new worship leader who showed up with song written in Eb, but he wanted it in Bb. The soprano chimed in that she would prefer it up in E (not happening!) and the guitar player suggested G (of course). I'm listening to all this, all the while hoping they don't settle something like B, and look down to realize that besides the key nonsense, the thing is written in 5/4 time. EEK! Ah the joy of being a hired gun :)
+Martin Fredstrom Lolol
You are a super real person and therefore learning from you is super easy. Thanks for the lessons
You are really a good teacher. I love the way you teach. Thank you for sharing with us. 🙏⚘
I started doing this lately and it's basically the best thing to happen to my singing. I would often sing a song by Bruno Mars and hit all the right notes, but sound like crap. But if I lower the key... so so much better!
The most important thing is to sound good, not have the biggest range or sound technically good!
Vulnerable Growth how would you have adjusted if you started at your lowest note but his high notes was still too high for you?
Still nice to extend your range though, and have more options. Surely the muscle training helps with all your range ?
How do you know if you hit the notes? Using an app on my phone to monitor if I do. But it's kind of annoying when learning a new song, gotta memories all the tones in the song
You have a beautiful voice and easy to follow teaching style. Thank you for this!!!
Great advice!
I'm really glad you mentioned the issue of keys for the instrumentalists. A lot of vocalists who don't play an instrument don't realize just how troublesome some transpositions can be. I am not much of a piano player but from what I've heard (correct me if I'm wrong, please) a whole step transposition is challenging. On a guitar there are some keys that are fairly rough and may be impossible if open string cowboy chord voicings are called for, Eb being a great example, which requires retuning the entire instrument a half step down. Even fairly good players won't be able to play things in a different key totally out the gate.
Vocalists, learn to play an instrument or two. You don't need to be especially good at it, just enough to get some appreciation for what those of us accompanying you do.
Thanks for all the great videos!
Regarding picking the key...I do the same, except I look for the *high* note and place it where I can sing it comfortably and with the appropriate volume, sustain, etc, as it usually is a sort of climax for the song.
I guess I've done this all my life because my problem is reaching the high notes of the songs. Then, thinking about it now, if we base the key on one's low note, we could be wasting a lot of our high range if the song doesn't really demand a lot of range. I believe the song would sound nicer using as high a key as we comfortably could. (at least pop music).
This series of videos is really useful, practical advice from a professional. Fantastic.
Irish Muso thanks so much!
You have a beautiful voice. Love your speaking voice as well.
As a singer I have always done that instinctively, choosing my key based on where the lowest note sits comfortably in my voice. Thanks for explaining that.
WONDERFUL! Very simple and easy to impliment in my songs. I really was overcomplicating this for myself, thank you.
Yes key is KEY (pardon the pun) to sounding much better! If you strain to hit notes it sounds it. Keep up the encouragement beautiful.😍
I like your middle register and love your vibrato! Reminds me of Joanie Sommers who has a very specific and understated vibrato.
I love your channel Aimee! You're a natural teacher. This is been a question mine for many years as well, and I'm glad that you did video cast on it. This helps me out tremendously . Thank you, Aimee! Keep up the good work! :-)
Carter Bailey thanks so much for your kind words, Carter. Glad to have an awesome new viewer!
Great info Aimee. I play at a weekly jam that is more like a singalong with perhaps 6 females and 6 or 8 males and often 5 or 6 instruments. As we do hundreds of songs of all genres key choice is always an issue especially with written chord sheets and sometimes opposite genders wanting the lead.
We find that if musicians really don't want to transpose on some, it is played to one lead singer's range and everyone else sucks it up and finds their right harmony note for the melody or chord backup and usually it is really great with 3 or 4 part harmonies popping out of the blue. So in an informal (esp. nonjazz) setting everyone can still usually get happy and learn some backup harmony construction.
But as an observation after many years: I am astonished by the number of good amateur singers and even musicians that really have absolutely no idea of their usable vocal range e.g. maybe A2 to E4 for a guy or F3 to C5 for alto ladies. If a singer knows their range by note name, and then takes a little trouble to learn how to identify a scale tone note (for the highest or lowest note in a melody), they can then quickly know which key is probably their best for a piece without even going to an instrument. They would just name the key after humming through it in a few seconds like you do. But learning scale tone identity seems to be an insurmountable hurdle for so many, so often the band just finds the key by the usual trial and error, with continual frustrations, transposing goofups, and delays. And yes, brass showing up at basically a guitar/mandolin type jam is always an exercise in futility for the uninformed! Oh, and as a guy I usually look for the high note not the low. Appreciate your great advice.
This is a great technique. Solves so many problems
"The man key" LOL
Nice, as always. As a guy, I guess I always check on the highest note first. As an acoustic guitarist, some songs sound particularly cool with a certain voicing with some open strings (e.g. Simon & Garfunkel). Fortunately, a capo can help going up. Bet, going down may set the capo so high, that the guitar starts to sound like a mandolin, throwing off the vibe of the song. Then sometimes, you stumble across an even better voicing. I was backing up a female lead singing Adele's Someone Like You in A (I believe that's the original key), which is mostly a piano song, and I had a guitar. But I stumbled across a really nice "piano-like" voicing. Stretching instrumentally to meet the singer can uncover some cool stuff.
At one point she was just having a conversation with me
You are such a great teacher so relaxing...
Great video! Really glad I found this channel.
I tend to do the opposite and find the highest note on the song, and find what note that is relative to the tonic. I then choose a key such that that note is around an F natural (a half-step in either direction, for flexibility), since I know that's as high as I like going. So if I'm singing As Time Goes By, the highest notes is the 2, so I'll put the song in Eb. It's just useful to know what your limits are.
I agree. That's what I always do as well, Stephen. I have a bass range, so I usually go close to as high as I comfortably can. Her method though is as she says, a good quick fix, especially for singers who don't have a big range.
This is brilliantly simple and accordingly clever
I love this vid, well done Aimee. This just opened up a lot for me as a good songwriter and singer, and how to help myself lol =)
Aimee,
I think you are a great teacher and this is a great video containing "sound" advice. (sorry) I do feel that it's helpful to mention that when you were matching the notes to Frank's version of "Fly with Me", you were already an octave higher than he was. Transposing by an octave in either direction might provide satisfactory results as well without changing key at all. My vocal range is in the bass. I will often drop the melody by an octave rather than changing the key. It can sound a lot less energetic than the original, but as someone mentioned above, guitar parts sometimes only sound right in the original key, or moved by no more than a semitone or two. It's a really great video.
Cheers.
~BHH
You have such a lovely voice!
Thanks Aimee 😘
As a vocalist with minimal ability, I can say that those minimal half step changes are often crucial to getting a lot out of something that is so little. If someone else were playing and had trouble, I may would attempt to sing in a different key. I would have to determine all factors involved at the moment. Bb, B and C are sweet spots for many songs I sing and yes, the key of B may be a difficult key in which to perform, but it is sometimes crucial to get the most out of my voice. As an instrumentalist, I can say that some keys are more challenging than others, but I always approach them with the mindset that they are all the same and they can be conquered. I will play where it is needed and I will conquer the piano and not let the piano conquer me.
Amy you are wondrous. Very sound advice. Friendly and efficient.
Thank you Aimee, you helped me find some good keys on some songs that had a huge range. 😀
Thanks! You are entertaining. I will be watching more videos.
Great video Aimee! Really great and easy to follow explanations, unlike some of the vids on RUclips. Will have to check out your website
I’ve been thinking about this a lot lately. Whether it makes sense to choose 1) The absolute best key for my voice 2) The key of a famous recording that suits my range 3) The “standard” key, which most often will sound wrong stylistically 4) A key that suits my voice and is in a “relative” key to the standard key. I’ve been sticking to 4 lately.
So cool video! Thanks again Aimee! Love your videos!
I do this:
Example with Autum leaves:
1) Know my range, low and high notes comfortable. F3 - C5 (bass/baritone)
2) See the sheet music and do this:
Autum leaves: Original Key : Em
low note: B3
high note: D5
Starts in : E4
3) I choice, i can sing in all tones that are in the range of my low and high voice, so i have option: Dm(more high) - C#m - Cm - Bm - Bbm(more low)
4) I choice Cm (optional) and do this:
Key to sing: Cm
low note :G3
high note : B4
I start in: C4
Optional: I'm looking for youtube videos that are in the same key, and play with my flute in that keys and the rest of they. :D
Kevin Rodriguez Pando - Tácrash itv
*.......Don’t forget about capos for guitar, and the transpose key on the piano. These allow your fingers to play in any key, but get any other of the 12 keys sounds. Also for newbies on guitar and piano, just use trial and error. Play a key that’s easy for you and try to sing in that key. Unfortunately it’s hard to figure out how to shift up and down your voice from the studio (radio play) version of a song. Also if you are having trouble singing a different key than the recorded version then look for covers of the song on RUclips and see if you like the key of those covers and play and sing along to those covers in a different key....*
Love this. As an example - everything is fine (for the pianist) in Jerome Kern's "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" (3 flats) until you hit bar 16 "So I chaffed" (5 sharps). Back to reading the notes.
2:28 "come fly with me, let's fly lets fly away" is right where I like to sing & tune into.
I'm working on a song now, but I go for high sparkly chorus. I can go down easily an octive & a bit, below middle C (so I'll be safe down there) but I don't sing down there, which to me sounds very deep.
The partly written song is a bit like the soprano part of Time To Say Goodbye, the part Engligh version of the Italian hit Con Te Partiro. Who my teacher (of many years ago) recorded (Johnathan Welch). My song will be in English though. It's about a lady who, while suffeing depression who wrote a song this year.
She wasn't well enough to perform it, so I did, @ our choirs prformences. But she made the last performance & we were so proud.
My song is really about anybody who uses music as therapy, to make life just a liddle bit better.
Yes I do wonder. Thank you for this video.
Wow! You have an amazing voice!
I assume that the jazz musicians like the flat keys because many of them play Bb and Eb instruments. (I'm sure you know all this, Aimee! But for my own practice and for other readers, here's some info.) So if their music is written in C, it sounds in Bb or in Eb, and to get their music to sound in C, you have to write in in D (two sharps) or A (three sharps). If you want it to be in a sharp key, you're adding sharps to the ones they already have. If you have two sharps (D or Bm), then they have four sharps (E or C#m for Bb instrument) or five sharps (B or G#m for Eb instruments).
I have an admission to make. If a vocalist wants to sing a song in B natural, I'll whisper to the bass player to make it B flat... BUT I WON'T TELL THE VOCALIST. (Let's keep this to ourselves, shall we? I could lose my union card.)
Richard Adamson I'll never tell! 😂🙌🏼
haha, just check if the singer has perfect pitch first!
Makes sense. They'll figure it out😂
Why would you do that?
Thats what I was going to say.. You'll find out real quick! But seriously, who would be such a diva to demand B?! only someone who has never played an instrument?
Thanks for this explanation. Excellent video!
Thanks so much for these video lessons you put up, vocals have always been my weak point, but your lessons on vocals are working out nicely! Thank you
Band in a Box can be helpful for finding key, because it will play it in any key. But you do need to know the chords to type them in. Actually iRealPro will do that also, but it's have to type into iRealPro than into BinB
Gosh your voice is beautiful!
Beautiful teaching.
Where do your go when you are like super super low at your low note? I play alot of blues so it ain't that much of a big deal but find my lowest to be too low and find it very difficult to change keys. Therefore, I just change instrument keys to fit my vocal tone. Saying that I am pretty much a newbie at actually delving into proper singing. Always just played an instrument and tried singing just couldn't find my natural tone. Already. Finding your tips at starting at your lowest key much more versatile tho. Thank you for sharing this. The first real sort of tuition on vocal work.
I just like your accent. Very soft pronunciation
For what the musicians like playing, it depends a lots on the instrument. Guitarists like E. Pianists like C. Horns like Bb.
I'd also suggest that you try not just the low note but the high note. That will give you a range of keys you can sing it in which is really useful for putting together a set that doesn't all sound the same. Just be careful about going with the extremes...
I've got a couple deep songs I can only sing when I've got a cold and a a couple high songs I can only sing when I am warmed up. Personally I like singing in Bb. It's the only key that I can sing most melodies either high or low. There are some good apps that will transpose the songs on the fly for you so you can sing along with them even if the original key doesn't work for you.
nacoran *.....Don’t forget about capos for guitars, and the transpose key on a piano....Thus on either instrument you can play Key of “E-shape”, but actually play in any key....*
Yeah, but despite capos you'll probably find more guitar players playing in E than anything else. I'm a diatonic harmonica player, so when I go to grab a harp those are the first ones I try when I'm playing along with a song on the radio and I don't want to take the time to look it up. If I'm watching a video or playing live I look for the capos if I can't just ask someone. If I'm trying to work it out on my own my next step if that's not right is to try to decide how close it is to see how many steps around the circle of fifths I need to jump.
I love these pointers and your personality 👌. Thanks for tips
Hi, again, Aimee. I've been working on this for a couple weeks now. As a guitarist, I always wrote the guitar part first and if I added a vocal, it had to be in that key. (Well, as a kid, I didn't know what a 'key' was.) And I learned standards in their most common keys. And I just thought I was a bad singer. Still not great by any means, but when I do "All of Me" in Ab instead of C and "Satin Doll" in F instead of C and "Honeysuckle Rose" in D instead of F, they sound okay. Woo hoo!
Mark Rhodes that's a great point. Maybe people don't realize how important it is to find a comfortable key or what that even means. Something to think about.
i am a musician of 33 yrs..I usually tell them if you can hit the highest note..or sing the highest note of the song and if you cannot sing it/or its too high, then thats not the key for your voice.
Very helpful thank you for the video and the info
Nice.. Sound advise may work for some but that's the beauty of music..
I really like your way of presenting the video, keep going, nice video
Thanks Aimee.
Yeah, any singer who is unwilling to move a half-step to accommodate their accompaniment, simply isn't a team player.
I have been looking at the highest note. Can I sing it without straining? How often does it occur in the song? Hitting my highest note a few times is ok. I don't want to sing three bars of 8th notes really high.
No one has ever given me any guidance on picking a key. I assumed modern arrangements were meant to he sung in a vocalist's higher register. I back down a full step if I have to sing the high note repeatedly.
I will try looking at the lowest note and see how well that works for me.
you are correct..thats the method i would use
Beauty, talent and humour in one package - wow!
your voice is wonderful and your presencee so appealing
Hi, Aimee. Was looking for advice on this subject yesterday and found your video. Very helpful. Already helping me. (And they said I was beyond help....)
Mark Rhodes i'm so glad! Thanks for letting me know, Mark.
You're welcome, Aimee. I moderate a jazz guitar forum and posted your video there in a thread on this topic. Turns out several people there already knew about you. I also posted your "Day I Put My Real Books Away" video in a thread of its own because that topic---Real Books vs. learning by ear---comes up a lot.
Mark Rhodes I went to see John Clayton last night and when I approached him after the concert to shake his hand and thank him, HE RECOGNIZED me and told me he has SEEN this video. Mind blown! I was on cloud nine all night. Still am. Maybe you made that happen!!
Aimee, that's so cool! May you remain on cloud nine all week!
My husband (an amateur guitarist/singer) has been struggling Crying by Roy Orbison. He sounds great singing the main part of the song, my goodness it would curl your toes how great he sounds. But when he gets to the high notes he can kind of sing them, but not with confidence. But he is insisting on doing it in the same key as the recording of Roy. I've been suggesting he go ahead and hit the high notes just real quick and then lower his tone for holding the rest of the note's time. I've also suggested he cheese out and not go for it, just change the melody a bit. Is there an official name for "cheesing out?" Just curious.
this is very cool, but when you are playing a rock tune which has a very recognizable guitar riff then you are screwed because the tone, timbre, and idiosyncrasy of the guitar part can often be so much a priority. Play the tune in another key that fits your voice, and the guitar riff doesn't sound quite right. Things like timbre and the quality of open strings and techniques of guitar articulation don't transfer to just any key. My approach to this is to develop my own version of the riff in another key, which I'm cool with but some rock purists won't accept an approximation of the riff in another key. It does depend on the song, some riffs do transfer pretty nicely, but others just don't work so well. I also wonder if this is a concern with piano tunes, or is this more of a guitar idiosyncrasy thing. what say you Aimee?
It’s definitely a problem on guitar. Not so much on the piano. I don’t feel like people notice because there aren’t any open strings to deal with so the sound is probably uniform. It definitely takes some thought on the guitar. I’m glad you are putting in the work. :-)
Thanks alot, dear!!! Do you have any video about breathing, support for singers?
No but my friend Sara Leib has a great (dated but great) channel called Singing TV with all that stuff
@@AimeeNolte All the best for you, dear Aimee! People like you change the world to a better place
thank you very much aimee!
Thank you so much; I really appreciate it. When you get older; your voice goes lower. It is a mess if you can't find the right key.
Thank you
Hi Aimee! It's funny that you find the low note and work from there. I'm a bass 2 and I have to use the opposite method since my lowest note, while nice, is really too low (B1 or C2 depending on the day) for an uptempo jazz standard for instance. My highest notes are my weak spot so I look forthe highest note in the song without really considering how low I'll have to go :)
I do the same as you. Never thought of doing it the other way round. I think men and women tend to sing in a medium register, so it makes sense if men look for their higher note and women look for their lowest.
There's a ghost in your house
Absolutely!
Carlos Noguera Yeah I noticed that too 😂😂😂😂
😆😂😆
Sophiestelle where?
Sophiestelle oh the door way!
Lovely
I would love to see you perform a song. I wish I could sing but going to karaoke to listen to people with a glass of courage get up made me wonder how do you know what key to sing in.... thank you for this nice explanation.
Aimee. I like your method, but I'd note that many old recordings are off-speed and therefore off-key. No way to prove it, but I'd bet that Frank was really in Bb or C.
More interesting, when composing or covering a song at the piano, if not worried about your voice, how do you choose the key? Register? Sharps or flats? Are you one of those people for whom every key "feels" different? For me, gospel feels so right in Bb on the piano, but awful in A-natural. Ballads very vanilla in C but lush in Eb, even though higher. More so at the piano than, say, orchestra
Old comment, I know, but in case someone reads. With equal temperament now the standard, I suspect the difference is more in the playability of an instrument in a particular key, than to the sound. Playing piano in A or D is a tremendously different experience on piano than in Bb or Eb, even for the very best musician. For any kind of expressive music, that difference will come through in the playing. I'd bet a chocolate donut that if we could snap our fingers and cause every instrument on the planet to retune itself up a half step (without changing our definition of concert A at 440), then people would suddenly start talking about how 'natural' or 'warm' or 'expressive' A and D are (when played where Bb and Eb are today, with 2 and 3 flats), and how 'stiff' and 'cold' (concert) Ab has become (now that we play it in three sharps).
Thanks 💖💖 but its strange when you find the right key of a song that you like but your voice doesn't sound good, yet another song in the right key makes your voice sound beautiful ?
I love your voice
I just stumbled upon your channel after searching this subject. I realize you recorded this a long time ago, but I have a question regarding your mentioning to find the lowest comfortable note in a song, in order to find the best key to sing a song in. If someone can sing lower notes, what happens when the song goes higher in the same key? That's my challenge. I can sing the entire song, except the higher note. Is the best approach to find the right key by starting with the highest note and lowering it? (Which can be problematic for the lower note). I hope I explained clearly. Appreciate your reply.
I have a comfortable range of C2 to D5. i can go lower and higher but that is the most comfortable for me personally. i find that most of the songs i sing i many times have to transpose up very slightly and sing an octave below
Your voice is so nice. Vibrato❤️❤️🎶
2:58 ghost shadow man in the door
Thanks for sharing your thoughts and ideas Aimee. I enjoy listening to your take on music and different ways to play.
Asher Mandrake you're welcome, Asher! Thanks for watching.
Pretty voice
Very interesting talk, Aimee. I'll start humming or singing a tune a cappella; when I get to the piano, 9 times out of 10 the song is in the key of F or Bb. So maybe instinctively the selected key in our heads is something we can handle on low or high side.
Sinatra was a bass voice, seems like much of his selections in Ab - Pennies From Heaven, my fave is Bing Crosby.in ballad form.
this was so helpful thank youu
I'm not a gigging musician - just a guy who played instruments years ago. But even I know that if you're going to work with a singer, you need to be able to transpose any key to any tune. Comping for a singer is different than playing any written part in any key - it should be much easier. I suspect there are just guys out there who want to bitch about the chick singer out of habit.
On a separate subject - musicians who play transposing instruments - horn players - play in different keys than the piano, so the key the singer picks isn't the key they play in. So B major on a piano is C# on tenor sax, whereas Bb becomes C. So they should be able to transpose - it's a basic skill - but you might want to stay away from a lot of accidentals if you know you're playing with a transposing instrument.
you are so great!
Perfect 👍👍👍
I love her
great info
Hey Aimee, awesome video, really helpful stuff. But what if you aren't singing a song and just want to warm up your voice? I've been using a tuner when I try to get warmed up, but I wonder if I should be setting it to a certain key. I'm trying to get into singing and all that. Oh and do you have perfect pitch?
Look up Sara Leib, My Favorite Vocal Warmup on RUclips. She will help you with this! :) Also, I have a video called Developing Perfect Pitch that answers your question! ;)
Hi Aimee. Need some advice: I play in a ukulele band and most of the singers are altos. However, we play singalongs at public events, so what key and/or note range should we be shooting for? Do we shoot for our altos' key so we can sing strongly or try to sing in the public's range?
Brilliant!!! Thank you :)
I'm kinda off on knowing what key my voice is in because I am a lower key male voice. When I do a cover on this channel I'm commenting from, I use a website vocalremover.org to pitch the instrumentals low. And I pitch it down to 5.0. Which actually helps alot and I sound really good, but Idk my voice pitch.
OMG, my wife and I say exactly the same time every time we hear Billie Holiday: "DON'T LEARN A MELODY FROM BILLIE!" :) And I expect those liberties to be taken with a singer more famous for bringing emotion to a song than for a literal interpretation. What always surprises me is how many liberties Hoagy Carmichael takes when he sings his OWN songs! Ella songbook series on the other hand is as good as sheet music signed by the composer--verse and all. :)
Carl Barlow so true!
I did learn most jazz songs from Billie Holiday, actually. I'm in that range. And after her, everybody else sounds so.....square.
Now I sing mostly classical and my lessons broadened my comfy range to a decent two octaves. That's enough to do most arias. Artsong comes in three standard one third apart transpositions in the sheetmusic because the pianist has to be able to play it too.