How Three Phase Electricity works - The basics explained
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- Опубликовано: 14 май 2024
- In this video we learn how three phase electricity works from the basics. The basics of Three phase electricity explained. We start with a simple single phase AC generator and then add in a second and third phase to under stand its working principle. We also cover three phase power uses and distribution as well as why we don't use more phases.
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*IMPORTANT* The magnetic field shown in the video is an overly simplified illustration to help visualise whats happening. This is not representative of the real world. If you need to dive deeper on how magnets and their fields work, please start with this wikipedia article: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field
*IMPORTANT* WHY DOES HE SAY "Free fasze" ... because he has a regional British accent.
As with Norf and Souf pole. I appreciate English accents, mate.
No prob mate, have speech impediment where I have trouble pronouncing the "Th" sound, thought comes out as 'fought'
I fink you guys are on somefing. I don't hear any impediments
Engineering Mind - thank you for your training classes. I have found them very informative.
Please make more of these videos covering more electrical topics. They are very helpful.
After 4+ years in school and 3+ years working in the industry, this video explains three phase power in just under 8 minutes better than any of my teachers and coworkers ever have.
KISS principle,- keep it simple stupid, I think when we get away from that ,everything goes to hell. Everyone/ Alot of folks have to try to impress others so they can feel better about themselves at the moment or end of the day and when they do that, they confuse themselves along with everyone else. Face it, humans are wonderfully flawed, we shouldn't take ourselves so seriously. As the great philosopher, Bugs Bunny said: ( you can't take life to seriously, your not going to make it out alive anyway). Uh, yeah ok valid point there...
Very useful. Thank you for taking the time to teach and the videos are really helpful. .
Thats why I claim repetitively that school is obsolete these days.
After 7 years? You should be fired.
@@jean2023jean lol why? Never said I don't understand it, just that I've never seen it explained so succinctly
Most of the confusion in a student's mind is caused by bad teachers who do not know the basics themselves.Thank you for doing a great job.
Yes, but I believe the animation is incorrect. The magnetic field around the magnet in the generator is actually toroidal in shape (like a tall, stretched out doughnut) with the North and South poles at the red and blue ends of the magnet, NOT THE SIDES OF THE MAGNET. Both sides of the magnetic field are of the same neutral polarity. Also, the current is induced in the armature coils when flux lines CROSS the coil, NOT when they run ALONG THE COIL as animated. Therefore the animation is 90 degrees out of phase with reality. This can be confusing for new students..
Agreed. Many are good at what they do but they can't teach - as I've discovered. It's all about being able to put yourself in the students' place. That was done here.
I totally and completely agree!!!!!
I believe you are mistaking. Magnetic flux lines flow exactly the way shown in the video "along the sides" of a magnet.
He did a great job.
I typed in “3 phase electricity explained” the first five videos were a math class. This is exactly what I’m looking for. Thank you
I am not an electrician. But I used to work as an electrician’s helper. I never understood the differences when they would mention 3 phase motors and similar terms. This is the best explanation I’ve ever seen. Thanks!
A newer and better version here ruclips.net/video/qthuFLNSrlg/видео.html and 3 phase generators ruclips.net/video/WhATjUHgzxQ/видео.html
Am a maintenance electrician, meaning that I was taught all this in further education...if only there were this kind of tutorials back in the 1980's...I've learnt more in 7 minutes here than I did in 3 years back in the day...well done guys. Big old thumbs up and another subsciber
Thanks Fred, you'll definitely like our newest 3 phase video here: ruclips.net/video/qthuFLNSrlg/видео.html
I am a former licensed aircraft maintenance engineer ( electrical and instrument ) and this is the best introduction to 3 phase that I have ever come across. Wish it had been around during my training.
Would you have any advice for someone going into aircraft maintenance next year
The Visual graphics along with the theory have made it possible to learn such a complex subject so easily. This is how we should be taught in schools. 👍👍
A newer and better version here ruclips.net/video/qthuFLNSrlg/видео.html and 3 phase generators ruclips.net/video/WhATjUHgzxQ/видео.html
Completely agree it’s taken many years but now 3 phase power is not a mystery to me anymore great tutorial I just love being educated it’s more power to me if Ull excuse the pun
The shiny lights and colors make it possible for me to not be an ape 🙃
Couldnt have said it better myself 👌ur exactly right
I've never heard of any house only getting one phase.
What I learned in 5 hours of Class+ Studies, He explained in 8 min, I appreciate this. Keep making these Great Videos. Thanks.
A whole freaking semester in AC circuit Analysis and I couldn't understand that three phase power concept because my professor......well what's a nice way to put it? Let's just say stupid at explaining for now. 3 mns in the video, already understand how all 3 phases work. I swear I should be paying the internet for tuition. Thanks
Glad you enjoyed it, and it helped you. All our content is free but if you're able to help support us with a $2 donation through Patreon we'd rally appreciate it link: www.patreon.com/theengineeringmindset
i agree with you totally Clarensky
To be fair explaining it without those lovely animations would be near impossible!
lierox9 That's why teachers are supposed to be resourceful, meaning find the best way to convey knowledge to your students. If my teacher noticed we could not understand this, he could have showed us this video. Don't just show up to class and teach. PREPARE before u stand in front of a bunch of people so you don't make a fool of yourself.
The problem with teachers is they work for the government so they arent held accountable for their performance the way people in the private sector are. In other words they get paid exactly the same whether you fail or pass so they have no motivation to try hard. Blame liberal policies and vote republican if you want change.
I was a residential electrician for a number of years. Never had to worry with 3 phase, and sorry to say even after studying the code book intensely I never had a real good understanding of it. Long time coming. Super thanks!
Mate, you are saving millions of students with your magnificent videos. I am watching you videos for 2 days straight already as preperation for my upcoming bachelor exam and you cant imagine how grateful i am for being able to see your videos. I think i learned more about electrical enginnering in the last 2 days watching your content than i learned in the last 3 years of studying at university HAHAHAHA So thank you very much!!
You should have gone to a better school
@@PelosiStockPortfolio fr
I’ve been in electronics for most of my 65 year life. This is a good explanation. I see people who mistakenly say that D.C. isn’t used for houses because it doesn’t travel as far. Not correct! A.C. was chosen because it can easily be boosted to high voltage, which can travel on smaller wires, then transformed to lower, safer, voltages when it arrives in a neighborhood. D.C. cannot be changed in voltage by transformers. Interestingly they are now using high voltage D.C. to ship power in some places because it has less loss. With the advent of modern electronics we can now change D.C. up and down in voltage economically. It remains to be seen if this will be the wave of the future however.
no 'wave' if it is DC......LOL -Cheers
I've installed a 3-phase toaster in the kitchen for my impatient wife. It now toasts three times as fast, but the pop- up feature has cratered my ceiling.
northerniltree lol well I have seen three grills but all heaters init after single phase but only uses be three phase to keep cost of wire down run from dreaker to grill
Objection! The pop-up feature works on a spring and an electro magnet holds the spring down until the timer releases it, so u have to add three more springs in order to shoot your ceiling.
Add butter to the impact area and the job is complete
@@nikitahoekstra876 Yes, great thinking, that is correct! ^_^
The pop-up is spring loaded.....how would more power entering the toaster affect a spring-powered feature 😂
The first time I heard of 3 phase power was when I worked for the carnival. The generators they use are 3 phase. My supervisor gave me a basic understanding but this video helped me a little bit more.
Fellow Carnie here... and used to work on the 250KW CAT generators and connecting the various rides. Learned alot about 3P electric from that job. :)
Yes it's very simple, in the motor it will give you three times the push and pull.
Electricity has always been a bit of a mystery to me. This video has made understanding the basics of electricity easy to digest. A class mate from my youth working for NV Energy tried explaining the basics to me and he sounded like a boring high school teacher. His motivation may have been because he’s the type of guy that wouldn’t want what he does for a living to sound to simple. Which it isn’t regardless of the explanation.
Thanks for making it easier to grasp.
You'll enjoy this one even more ruclips.net/video/WhATjUHgzxQ/видео.html
l
.
@@PedroHenrique-mn7gt.
I have had 3 phase power explained to me multiple times by licensed electricians, and this video was the first time that someone explained how the shape of the rotating EM field correlates to the angle with which the phase wires are arranged around it, and why.
Thank you.
Just discovered this guy, i am watching the tenth video, my eyes are in tears because i am tired from a long day, but i can't stop watching another and another video from him. I am a big consumer of youtube videos like this, and after years of self learning, i can guarantee you that he has the best videos in engeeniring domain on youtube.Thank you my friend, in the name of everybody like me, for your work, and dedication to this! You are very good in what you do here, and you are helping a lot of peoples who want to to learn!!!
While several previous viewers have commented on technical corrections I thought the explanation (concept is what we're going for) was brilliantly portrayed. Considering the target audience (non-engineer non-electrician type people like me), I would offer an enthusiastic two thumbs up! Nice job!
Almost zero lags and straight forward way of cracking through a concept....great explaination!!!
i’m currently in a lineman class and they don’t really explain why there’s three phases or what they do just how to work with them, this is the only video i’ve found that actually explains it in a way i understand, thank you!
I'm an engineer working in manufacturing and work with electrical contractors a lot. This greatly helped clear up some concepts for me! The Engineering Mindset channel is awesome! I'm watching your other videos kinda binge watching. Great job explaining things in layman's terms!
Now if they would just read our prints.
This video was amazing. For years I've wondered why why when we have a powercut my neighbour keeps his power, or visa versa. Obviously I knew about phases but the WHY is brilliant to learn, thanks man.
that could just be they're on a different line that split off but still on same phase?
@@Layarion Could be but it's not as it turns out they on a second phase from our substation we're on the third.
I think this is one of the best videos I have ever watched that was able to take a complicated concept and make it so much easier to understand, I wish all my professors could explain material like this.
That’s why building that use voltage sensitive equipment, have a Uninterrupted power system to provide constant power to their equipment through a battery bank. Simple explanation to a complex system.
i been asking for years for someone to explain ac power . finally yes yes. thank you .
I honestly went to school for Instrumentation and Process Control. If your videos were played in a classroom setting, the institution could have crammed three semesters into two. Excellent video!
I am mechanical engineer, but I just understood the basics of single phase and 3phase by this simple illustrations. Good job, thank you.
You explained production, use, differences and mechanics all in great detail with awesome graphics. Thank you.
The best explination of phases that I've seen. Great job!
This helped me so much! Thank you! I've never been so happy after watching a video about electricity!!
i just binged your channel because im about to graduate my hvac school. this was so incredibly helpful. thank you so much
Until finding this video I wasted more than a few hours reading (books with lots of equations, web articles that were sloppily written) but without really understanding (or remembering). This video is brilliant. Am now subscribing to this series (just out of curiosity ... not my vocation... but seems a good way to learn). Thank you.
I'm an electrical engineer.. trying to remember my fundamentals and this did one hell of a job and then some! Thank you!
yikes, dont kill anyone
I learned about 3P electricity on one of the my first jobs I ever held and was able to grasp the concept pretty well. BUT was not able to really invision what was going on on how the generators that I worked with did produce the 3P electic. Over the years I continued learning and ultimatly was able to totally understand the workings. The graphics you produced are fantastic and really simplifies on how 3P electricity works. Great video.
Never, ever commented on any video before but this must be the best instructional 8 minutes I've spent. Restoring on old French farmhouse with a three phase well pump and now I understand it. Thank you seems so inadequate.
Fantastic....I've been wiring single phase household/commercial wiring since I was a kid taught by my father who was a contractor. I've always understood the how to wire stuff...but never the science/mechanics behind the why! Now I work in an industrial setting (CNC machine shop) and work with 3 phase machines all the time....yet I had no understanding of 3 phase power other than the explanation that "its more powerful and cheaper". Well that doesn't cut it for a person that likes to understand the reasoning behind how something works! I've watched lots of videos trying to make sense of it....FINALLY....someone has broken it down to the science/mechanics and I understand how 3 phase works. This allows me to reason why we use it and why it performs better in its intended application!
I can't thank you enough!!
Our teachers didn't teach about basics and all
U explanained it very well thankyou
Great video. I have been trying to understand this for years. You did in a simple, clear way. Thanks.
Dude what a G. I’ve been struggling with electricity for years and I found all teachers just confused me. Just watched this video now and guess what… it all makes sense now. Great work man keep it up👌🏼
Thanks. Teacher never actually explains what anything is used for or why. Pretty much just learn how to solve mathematical puzzles with no understanding of what their use is. Really appreciate this video
Absolutely amazing video! So clearly explained that anyone at any level should understand this concept. Thank you!!!
Well explained....could never get my head around single and three phase electricity but at last I understand. 😁👍🏻🇦🇺
Except you still don’t. First of all, the electron always move at the speed of light and won’t slow down like he said in the video.
So interesting. It's like adding cylinders in an engine. More cylinders, smoother operation (usually).
watch the new version, even better ruclips.net/video/qthuFLNSrlg/видео.html and 3 phase generators ruclips.net/video/WhATjUHgzxQ/видео.html
A semester worth of confusions and revisions summarised in a few minutes.
Genius brother. No words to express my amazement.
Dude thank you so much. We had electrical engineering subject for a year and I never understood how 3 phase appliances work. Now when I am starting my own factory after all these years, I had to understand 3 phase power to understand functioning of my powerful induction motors. You did a greatr job! Thank you so much man 🙏
Glad you enjoyed and appreciated it. We have lots of other videos you'll definitely find useful.
@@EngineeringMindset thanks. I'll go through them one by one 😇
I always wanted to study electricity. I've worn many hats over the years and at 42, I'm finally able to take the time and dive in. THANK YOU for this video and audio descriptions.
This is the best video i have seen on this topic...its so perfect, short, crisp yet very powerful. KEEP UP THE GOOD WORK MAN!! YOU ARE MAKING A STUDENTS LIFE FAR EASIER...
What an amazing channel. This is clearly explained, and the visual aspects so nicely trimmed... 🍰
That was the most sublime animation and explanation of how electricity is generated that I have ever seen
hey there im a third year Electrician just going through third period right now, covering 3 phase. your videos are awesome! thanx!
Great spatial and mechanical explanation of AC power generation and flow. This confirms how I thought it worked for many years, but could never get any kind of clear explanation from some of my electrican friends. I began to suspect they probably didn't really understand it themselves. I guess you can spend years pulling wires and not need to know this stuff. I absolutely love your videos! Thanks!
@Karen Fiedler I call that the "Waterboy" condition. In that movie, Adam Sandler's character was constantly involved in football games, but he never learned how to play, because it wasn't necessary for his particular job.
thank you several time. really concept is cleared
Excellent presentation. Wish they had explained it to us in engineering school like you explained it in your video. Also liked your comment that you can add more phases but it would be inpractible and costly to implement. Thanks for a good visual explanation.
also, while adding up to 6 phase power is a basic linear gain, going to 12, 24 or 48 phases doesn't produce the same gain, it's much less per added phase
Bro, you are just more than great you didn't know how much your electricity series has helped me to get out the chaos made by my illiterate physics teacher
A big thank you, may you get lot of prosperity in your life 😀😀
Wow - Many thanks - I've just had a light bulb moment. Excellent presentation!!!
You should do a presentation on how an isolation line filter or isolation transformer works. I've heard of techs using them to float the ground of test equipment while using an oscilloscope. I'm not sure I'm fully wrapping my head around this. I love your visual aid and diagrams, they really make sense.
Wow man, a concept I've been struggling with for months easily tracked with simple illustrations and masterful wording, cheers!
I was always getting confused on these phases but was able to understand it within the 4 minutes of this video. Thanks very much
Solid explanation, and clear animation.
I have a gripe about the way the magnet on the rotor is presented. The North and South poles are not the sides, they are at the Top and Bottom. The max voltage is when the magnetic lines of force are cutting across the conductor at max rate, and that is on the bristly bit, not the loopy bit.
When engineers try to explain physics, it can get a little.. creative.
Came here to find this exact comment. Thanks
I thought all my electrical education had flown out the window when I saw that bit!
However, I was attracted to the inductions I made from the current knowledge I was taught, and wasn't phased at all after a bit of reflection on my capacity to remain charged with what I learned.
I thought I was losing it when I saw the diagram, but glad I’m not the only one. The explanations are correct. Just the field diagram is off a little
@@flamencoprof ayyyyyyyye
This is, by far the best illustration I have seen on 3 phase power. It also does a great job expla8ning AC power. The dashes illustrating electrons moving are slow for the sake of the graphics, however they really move a few hundred miles out and back each cycle. Excellent video!
Glad you enjoyed it
Thank you! You have certified my suspicions. Such a clear explanation of something I have really never understood . I’ve worked with electricity all my life and always had a good knowledge of circuitry but not understanding the why AC worked!
I’ve been wanting to learn this stuff for a while but every time I try I get distracted and click out of the video. I forced myself to watch this til the end and I’m so glad I did. Thanks!! ::)))
Finally one that makes sense 👍
Cheers
You guys do such a great job! Thank you so much!
Excellent stuff! Well explained. I have been searching for a decent explanation of all this and I have finally found it! Well Done!
The way you teach, is absolutely amazing.
Thank you!
that last bit about buildings and/or neighbor hoods spiting 3 phase, is pretty interesting, didnt know that till now.
Finally, someone who actually explains how the 3 phases are finally connected and used in homes and factories. There are lots of sources of what 3 phase electricity is, but rarely talk about how the 3 phases are divided into single phases for home use or kept as a 3 phase for large equipment use.
Glad you enjoyed it. There are many different ways to connect houses and buildings but the ones shown were a simplified overview to help understand.
The display in the manner The Engineering Mindset only used that display only to not confuse people like me. He did an excellent job explaing the different phases, he was not trying to show how the magnet works.
Most homes, at least in America, get two phases. We have large appliances like electric ovens and air conditioning units that work on 220vac and require two phases.
220vac split phase. For 120vac devices. L1,L2 = 120vac to neutral. 220vac across L1 and L2. L1 and L2 are 180 phase angle.
@@hankeisenstein272 No. They get one phase that goes through a local transformer which is center-tapped to give them 2x110V. It's still just one phase.
I start a new job, I worked residential electricity for about 18 months, going to start in a factory as a maintenance person. This was a good summary on what I needed to understand, thanks for explaining it!
I just started at a factory in maintenance and I needed a better understanding of three phase so I came here and I got it now! I worked residential too! Good luck to you!
Excellent simple description - thanks
Oh. My. God. I have had so many people try to explain this and fail (I'm not sure they really understood it themselves). Your explanation and animations took far less time and made it easily understandable. Well done, Sir!
Glad you enjoyed it
The very best explination of phases that I've seen. Thank you so much. God bless you. Claiton from Brazil.
What a superb video! Super clear, so easy to understand. Unparalleled in its simplicity and excellence!
Wonderful vid. It's odd that my mind can grasp mechanical theory easily, always had uses with electrical. This helped considerably.
Well presented using modern techniques. It reminded me of the financial benefit of using 3-phase for power transmission, because it actually minimises the amount of cable as long as the load is balanced across the phases, compared with delivering the same amount of energy via single phase. This point was made quite early by one of my old lecturers in the past. High voltage/3 phase is better for your cash flow!
So why the fuck there are plenty of countries using 1 phase system actually?
One of the best explanations of seen. I used this as an example to a friend. He understood immediately.
your job is AMAZING!!.. thank you for your time and explain all in 7 minutes.... you work hours in this diagrams and graphics and I appreciate that.
Great video. It's been days since I came across this and I'm still thinking about how beautifully illustrated it is
Thank you, glad you enjoyed. It took forever to animate!
My dad got a degree in electrical engineering, so I grew up helping him wire relatives houses. It took me a long time to realize that everyone wasn't pretty familiar with amperage, voltage and phases. Now thanks to the internet, anyone can gain an understanding of it.
Best three phase explanation I’ve seen. Well done.
I would like to know a very clear explanation of the Catt Anomaly. Thanks for this fine lesson on 3-Phase Electricity. Good on ya mate.
New to the channel great stuff
NObody ever explained it this well.
THANK YOU
Excellent explanation of three phase power, as well as Hertz’s relationship to it.
Keep up the good work!
I have a feeling that three phase is super efficient for distribution in power lines, and this info is not covered in the video, but for covering the basics this video seems really clear and well made.
You Genius. A very snotty man from Veolia thought it way beneath him to explain this on a course.
He probably didn't know it to explain it.
Nice explanation and animation. Thanks. One step further: The smart thing is that it does not use 6 wires but 3 wires or 3 Phase wires and a Neutral wire. This allows to reduce the amount of copper needed to transport electricity at a certain voltage. The Neutral wire also allows to make 2 voltages available, depending on the wires used. In Europe, this is 230 V between Phase and Neutral and 400 V between Phases. There is no current flowing through the Neutral wire when all three phases have the same load.
False, a neutral wire still is a current carrying conductor, it only serves as a return path to the source in an AC circuit
@@MonkeeyMan35 the neutral wire carries current when phases do not carry the same load indeed.
@@MonkeeyMan35 Neutrals are for single phasic loads. in a true 3-phase load, there is no neutral.
Your videos have taught me how to understand more of electricity than a full 2 months of school theory. Thank you so much for your effort
I subscribed! I totaly love the way you turn something complicated into something simple.
Omg !!!! What a great channel on engineering I have came across today!!! Wow!! I love you brother and your channel.
Keep on uploading such videos.Great job.
Good video! Though I was missing one aspect of 3-phase electricity and that is the voltage part. In Western Europe, most 1-phase sockets deliver ~230V AC, but 3-phase appliances work at ~400V. The higher voltage comes from the time difference between phases themselves. That was a subject I found difficult to grasp when I they tought me.
The higher voltage between 230 and 400 is due to tapping the transformer coils at different places. The number of windings causes the difference.
I needed to refresh this topic, and I understood it now better in seven minutes than in university 25 years ago, thanks a lot
This video is very well explained and made very simple to understand!! I can't thank you enough for making these incredible videos!!
Finally I get it. Took a whole semester on electricity and did not get it as clear as this demonstration. Thank you
We have 3 phases in to almost every house in Sweden and it's about the same in neighbouring countries. This is really nice to have when charging a car since I can use less amps from each phase but still charge it fairly fast.
Same in NL, D as far as I know. Great for appliances like cooking stoves, sauna's and wood working equipment. Pwrr 2 the peepl!
Thanks to you, I finally understand 3 phase! Thank you 🙏!
First time watched this video. Fantastic. put it in simple terms.
Thank you so much. Need wonderful teachers like you.
wish you good health & success
Great explanation and visuals.
I'm a bit puzzled - the bar magnet markings and magnetic field strength seem to be opposite of normal convention. Typically the red area would be marked "N" and blue "S" and the maximum magnetic flux is at the end of the poles, not in between them, and there would be arrows showing the field going from N to S (which helps determine which way the current flows in the stator windings). The flux lines coming out of the end of the poles would also be depicted as intersecting the stator windings and thus the current is maximum when a pole is directly opposite a stator winding, not when it is in between them. One very good thing about the animation is that it explains well the light going on and off, which is a 120 times a second with 60HZ AC. It might also be useful to explain that a two pole rotor like this one would have to spin at 3600 RPM to get 60HZ, so typically they would be more rounded to keep from flying apart. It also appears the generator depicted is an induction type generator which isn't used much (yet) to power communities.
It seems the video is showing *current*, not voltage. Current is induced by a change in magentic flux, which is zero at the poles and higest between poles.