Freedom from schizophrenia, a twin's quest: Cyndi Shannon Weickert at TEDxSydney 2014
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 24 май 2014
- At 17, Cyndi watched with disbelief as her twin, Scott, descended into
madness. Pained by Scott's schizophrenia and not satisfied with available treatments, she aimed to find a cure. Cyndi describes the arduous path she has taken to find better treatments for schizophrenia which offers a ray of hope to those suffering.
In this ground breaking talk, Prof Cyndi Shannon Weickert reveals the results of her research into schizophrenia and it's link to the oestrogen receptors in the brain.
Prof Shannon Weickert obtained a BA in Biology and Psychology from Keuka College in upstate New York, and earned a PhD in Biomedical Science from Mount Sinai Medical School in New York City.
Currently, Prof Shannon Weickert leads a translational research program at Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA) that uses insights from the molecular and cellular neurodevelopment of schizophrenia to design and test novel treatments for people with the condition. Her work has broad impact beyond psychiatry including examining molecular mechanisms by which hormones and growth factors cooperate to control gene expression and experimental examination of how sex hormones impact social development in adolescence.
She has made pivotal contributions to the conceptualisation of schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder and is best known for her pioneering work on brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and oestrogen receptor. Prof Shannon Weickert has delivered 132 papers and lectures worldwide. She is Macquarie Group Foundation Chair of Schizophrenia Research, a joint position between NeuRA, UNSW and Schizophrenia Research Institute.
TEDxSydney is an independently organised event licensed from TED by longtime TEDster, Remo Giuffré (REMO General Store) and organised by his General Thinking network of fellow thinkers and other long time collaborators.
TEDxSydney has become the leading platform and pipeline for the propagation of Australian ideas, creativity, innovation and culture to the rest of the world.
In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection in a small group. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.* (*Subject to certain rules and regulations)
I am so sorry. My little brother suffered for years before he passed with this terrible disease. He was such a joy. I cried with you during your talk.
I feel your pain, please accept a humble thank you from all of us, families of those affected by Schizophrenia. I hope the therapy is successful and provides for a good quality of life for all patients.
We need this therapy to our daughter who affect from schizophrenia.But there is no facility to get here.Can you help us?
@@santhiramachandran8087 me too I need this therapy
Wow. I would give you a standing ovation for your passion in wanting to help not only your brother but the other 1% of the world population. The way you credit your brother for giving you purpose in life is incredible. I wish you many years of success. You are an amazing sister and a human being.
Well im not a good story-teller, im schizophrenian myself, I just wish you continue your good research since u do it with all your heart, if u could bring this new treatment to Canada that would be awesome. Dont let other ppl discourage you, Good Luck.
I pray that my son can be the 81st person in the clinical study. Thank you for your continued hard work!
She’s very intelligent and I’m so sorry for her loss. 😭
Everything she said just hits my heart. I am a mother of a schizophrenic daughter. It took me awhile to fully understand what was going on with my daughter. There is a pain and guilt I will take to my grave for not knowing and understanding the soonest. There are so much stumbling blocks in this journey and a never ending one, from managing daily lives to treatments. Nonetheless breakthroughs such as this and it's potential to improved the usual treatment is a light at the end of the tunnel. Being a carer to one makes me very hopeful for the future.
From the bottom of my heart, I thank God for bringing into this world in the likes of dedicated people like Dr. Weickert ❤❤❤
Trying not to cry rn because I am in public . My brother has schizophrenia ❤️
Same....😳
Me too a schizophrenic...now I'm ok...things shall pass on...don't worry sister
@@anandanand7981 hi...what are you doing in case of your health,What food do you eat?What medications are you eating?
The brain is so incredibly complex it’s insane
God is complex to make such a feature
There is no god
No need to go in details, brain is very beautiful thing that's enough information unless you are brain scientists.
My father suffers from schizofrenia, but he's able to live a normal (still difficult) life thanks to medication and therapy. My granddad also had schizofrenia, but he wasn't that lucky and he never got treated or taken to a doctor. He killed my grandma in the course of a psihotic crisis. He was diagnosed with severe schizofrenia after the crime in the late 60' and put down in a psychiatric clinic. After realising what he had done he killed himself as soon as he had the chance. Believe me if I say that my grandfather was a good man and it was the illness and not him who did that horrible thing.
You brought me into tears, Cyndi. Even if my suffering doesn't compare to my dads I have to say that his condition made my childhood complicated and leaded me to depression, anxiety and it somehow made me develop borderline
thats hard to hear, as i have schizophrenia too.
I did not expect that "Freedom from schizophrenia" did not give freedom to your brother. My heart aches. the pain is higher when some one you love also have this terrible illness.
My sister took her life 2 weeks ago. After suffering for 36 years. There is no ( better ) in this illness
Big Kahona So sorry for your loss. I have schizoaffective disorder. (Schizophrenia and Bipolar at the same time) I wish you well in your time of loss.
Iva Marie Gutowski, stay strong
Big Kahona =( sorry to here that
Sorry for your loss :(
Hi I invite you too join the Hearing Voices Support Network Group on Facebook.. It helps a lot.
I am in tears. I feel your pain. I know what is was like growing up for you. I have an older brother with schizophrenia. He is 10 years older than me and I don't think he is going to live much longer. I also dedicated my life in helping my brother. However, unlike you I did it the wrong way. God bless your soul. I wish you nothing but the best.
same here
My thoughts and prayers go out to you.
+James Berry that's great.. there is hope! I wanna ask u a question. people who suffer from hallucinations.. they don't know that these are hallucinations, they think it's TRUE & REAL.. and it's hard to convince them.. so how do you know? and how did they convince you?
+James Berry Great job!. I wish you could write out your overcoming experience, as the internet is lacking for others.
Niacin, hardy nutritionals, 5htp, omega 3s, multivitamins, minerals, b complex, probiotics, cbd, gluten-free, fermented foods, superfoods, exercise, fresh air, staying hydrated, daily
One of my doctors told me I did better because I'm female. I had a hard time until they gave me medicine. It works in the thinking part of the brain while it shrinks regions with my personality. The first year out of the army, I went on several shopping sprees, masturbated constantly, ate very little and puked everything up and drove my car hundreds of miles. I'm much better on medicine, like I said. I still can't work, but I'm going to go to school and do the only thing I can: write.
Masturbation is what I use for therapy. It raises my serotonin and sementonin levels, witch make me feel better,
Thank you so much for this talk, and all your hard work Cyndi. I too, have a non identical twin, but female, with paranoid schizophrenia and bi-polar. The pain and "loss" of her, is possibly only truely understood by you, and others with non identical twins. Please continue, with your husband, to find a solution to this harrowing, never ending disease. I'm exhausted with it all, and worry a great deal about Dianas' future. I live in London, an amazing capital, but people are so cruel and ignorent about this last "taboo", why, oh why? All the social services etc, load her up with pills, or endless sectionings, in the past. Scott David Shannon, will not be forgotten. xxx
Please listen to my story on RUclips at Hearing Voices: Real Help and Understanding. Praying for you all, Carol
I want to know how far she's gotten since this video
Type her name into RUclips or Google and see
Thank You, Dr. Weickert, for your contribution and sacrifice to help those suffering from schizophrenia. 70 million people out there suffering from this is just too sad. I hope one day that humanity will be rid of this terrible illness once and for all.
Some people who take a lot of drugs or have exposure to it when they are in the womb have afflictions of the mind.
leeo268 I'm schizophrenia
+Andre Ingram Please listen to my story on RUclips at Hearing Voices: Real Help and Understanding.
Praying for you, Carol
emotional support to patients might be more crucial than cracking the code--by the time, the loved one(s) might be gone.
thank you for your work, i want to help my brother with schizophrenia as well. rest in peace to Scott. I'm sure he's so proud of the work you continue to do
THank so much 4 taking on this great challenge. I know someone with this disease N I know he will appreciate also have immense gratitude for what u r trying to accomplish. Thank u Renee
I have schizophrenia. I am one of the lucky ones. I don't use meds anymore. My mother had it too. She was extremely disabled. She always needed meds & institutions..So there really can be big differences between patients.
Preserverance & hard work is key to recovery. Took me hundreds of hours of therapy.. dozens of med trials . But, then there is only so much psychiatry can do .
After that it's up to the patient to help themselves . That's the truth.
Hello, can you please tell me how you recovered?? I have heard about keto
Hello
Would you mind telling me about your recovery? I would really appreciate it
This woman is so adorable and incredibly intelligent. To use her passion and knowledge to help so many people in the world to ultimately help her brother. It was heartbreaking to hear his passing, however he served a meaningful purpose to help many with this painful disease and very thankful for this woman for her drive and her compassion.
You made me shed tears; I feel your pain. Hope your brother is in a better place!
Bless you. I am so sorry for the loss of your dear brother.
This is so beautiful. I am soooo sorry for your loss, but happy for all your great progress and amazing work to find this cure
What is the cure for schizophrenia?
Lady you were his SISTER you gave him much more then a cure your amazing
My friend died from a short time ago. It was a natural death. I miss her. I believe she might have had schizophrenia. After she was in a coma, she cried really hard. I am so glad that she didn’t hurt herself. She was a really cool person. She worked hard as as a bus driver. I thought that I had schizophrenia for many years. Recently, my diagnosis changed to bipolar. That explains why I have lots of physical energy. A disease of the mood. I had a really hard time seeing how my friend had schizophrenia. She was incredibly intelligent. A really hard worker. I think that she stopped working because of dialysis. Soon after that she died. It’s hard to lose nice people in my life.
We're so proud of you. This was really motivational.
My 2 yang brothers suffering of schizophrenia and I just went back to live with my parents to try help Tham to deal with but now it's became one problem for me,sometimes I can't hold,sometidays I not my self but hear this words it's comfortable than I can't tell on words but you must know what it's, thank you xx
Gilvan Maninho God can heal your brothers. he has guided me in my spiritual ware fare. what to do. pray, obey his commandments, fully trust ,and be patient. he will heal i promise. just rely on Dr. God. not pills. God bless you
Krystal Hedges can u stop spamming these god messages? Its quite annoying and its not effective at all.
This touch my soul... thanks for this kind sharing 🙏🌹
I must say that this video touched me, from a personal point of view as well as when she mentioned her brother suffering from this disease. To devoting herself to science to find a cure for schizophrenia to help her brother and many others suffering, only to have her brother pass away almost brought tears to my eyes (something in which I am not able to do due to me having schizophrenia myself). I am not sure which emotion to feel when it comes to science making an effort for people with this disease due to what seems like a complete lack of knowledge on how to actually treat it efficiently. Sure they have anti psychotics which that can dose you up with and make you feel a little better about things but this does not always take away the symptoms of the
illness.
I am sure there are millions waiting day to day waiting to hear about some big breakthrough in treating schizophrenia and other mental health conditions that will take away their symptoms allowing them to live a full life again. From watching the rate of progress I am afraid those people might have to wait for a very long time. Science doesn’t seem up to the task for tackling the brain at this period of time. This statement is not trying to put anyone down for lack of effort or not trying their absolute best to do something about it. No cure will just come out of thin air, it will take a momentous occasion of hard core scientific breakthroughs to happen to truly make a difference. If that does happen it might even take some years for it to even be allowed on the open market due to the way the system works (I read somewhere there other day for a new drug development it takes from 10 -15 years and close to 4 billion dollars to get just one approved)As for Cyndi, I have nothing but respect for you going outside the “norms” of traditional treatment methods for schizophrenia and finding another link to the disease. Something that might never of happened for many years if you had not been so persistent. I truly commend
you, regardsJeremy
I too hav schizophrenia. I'm done with antipsychotics psychiatrists prescribed me. I reckon with wat u said..
Neuroplasticity is one of the way to treat conditions like schizophrenia.. I've watched one video of Dr. Carolie leaf. Wait for few years from now and then see the difference, situation is gonna change. 😊
I think she was the problem. There are no sense. There are no solotien to ewry problem.
@@RevanRevaty"Hello, I hope you're well. My sister is suffering from schizophrenia, and I'm concerned about her. Have you fully recovered from this illness and stopped taking medication altogether? Thank you."
Very Touching indeed by this Twin Sister & her unrelenting desire to find a cure for Schizophrenia. Truly admire her. Can Feel how much LOVE she has for her brother.
Amazing!! She and her team will be the ones who find a cure.
Thank you Cyndi for your hard work and dedication , your a beautiful person 🙏
Thank you for sharing your story.
This was a very powerful video. Just wow.
Great video, so touching
Amazing work Prof Weickert - such an orginal piece of work, what a story.. And a wonderful use of an existing drug to improve memory and attention in people with schizophrenia. I'd like to see a movie made now !
Thank you for sharing so interesting
what you have discovered, Discovering
about the receptor mutation
Wish you all the best in your passion and pursuit.
You are a real inspiration.
Thank you for the work you do!!! 💛💙💙
i partipated a clinical trial of this med, thank you for the good work
no, just a pill once a day, the med only acts on the oestrogen recpeotrs in the brain, not in the rest of the body
@leonissful i took the med for 3 months they asked me questions every 6 weeks, to test my concentration and positive symptoms
@@basb1712 Did it work for you?
Why is this making me cry so hard..
You go girl, you're fantastic. Love from home & THANKS!
Brilliant girl. Well done.
this gives me hope
Please listen to my story on RUclips at Hearing Voices: Real Help and Understanding. Praying for you, Carol
She has a VERY good point about low estrogen having an impact on worsening symptoms. I don't have schizophrenia but I had a very severe psychosis 2 years ago to which I now take medication and it works really well for me. I noticed that right before my period when estrogen is at it's lowest my symptoms would worsen - it was awful. I tried to talk about this to my psychiatrist, but I dont think many psychiatrists are aware that low estrogen can worsen symptoms.
What tests did they ask you for and what medications did they give you? I would like to discuss it with my doctor.
@@nora2375 Hi. No tests. I have been on Latuda for 3 years now
@@sunny4lady Thank you beautiful 🙏🙏🙏
Wow.. I wasn't really expecting to be sobbing like this when I started watching this video.
Wonderful 💐
My son has this disease wish there was help for us! :(
Maria Jessica Jones get a hold of her and maybe she can put him in a clinical trial, god bless your son and your family
Yes there is help. There is a book '' Why is not my brain working'' from Dati Kharrazina. All is explained there.
Neuroplasticity is one of the way to treat schizophrenia
thank you
Hats off to your spirit
thanks amazing story
I am in tears my 12 years old son is going through this sickness please help i never take him to any doctor
She should have mentioned the link between marijuana and schizophrenia. As more jurisdictions legalize the drug, the number of schizophrenics is going to increase precipitously.
Hi Charles
have you seen or know any vidoes from realtime cannabis users who accept to having being getting psychotic episodes or schizophrenia . If you do let me know as there is not mucj of these short films or videos to show to teenagers or adults so they agree a link. at the time of psychotic episode we cant really throw pubmed researches on the patient but if there was some video will be helpful for education of family and the patient
+Charles High THC cannabis can increase probability of developing schizophrenia and psychosis. But CBD (cannabis compound) counteracts THC and can be effective in treating depression, anxiety and psychosis.
why should she have mentioned that? It has nothing to do with her research.
I’m high rn and I am talking to myself
actually, that's not true. in the states that have legalized mj schizophrenia diagnoses have not gone up. they've actually decreased. there IS a correlation, but that does not prove causation. each person is an individual.
the brain is amazing and terrifying at the same time
Very interesting!!!
All the love to u and to your brother ❤️
سبحان الله انسان سليم متعافي فجأه ينقلب الامر ويصبح العكس تماما شيء محزن احساس العجز امام شخص غالي قريب منا يذوي امام ناظرينا يا الله رحمتك وسعت اللطف بعبادك الضعفاء
I bet we are way too far to put an end to this terrible plague. But I hope people would one day be able to find a cure, it would be awesome.
From someone suffering feom it.
A lot of people have been off drugs for longer with no recurrence of symptoms.
I hope they invite someone who isn't pushing neuroleptics. It would be nice to hear from someone without that rhetoric.
Amazing
This makes the thought of helping other come to me. I think I'm schizophrenic but i can't tell anyone socially. My parents are predisposed tho so I haven't let anyone kniw
Try doing meditation it will help you
I am 32 year old indian guy. I had so called friends with who i have parted ways 8 years ago. From last 8 years i dont have a friend. I still think about old friends all the time. I want to remove those thoughts from my brain so that i can focus on reading and office. I live alone but my family always says that you are acting aloof. I am taking medicines of schizophrenia from last 3.5 years. Nothing is helping me to remove thoughts of old friends. Please help me I am worried about my future.
Jesus has been helping me through my schizophrenia
My own brother suffers also from schizophrenia and eel all suffer from and with him too. He's attacking us... we don't know what to do... On one hand he's our brother and the other hand he's ill but he says that we are the one who are ill and crazy.
if there only could be a book "how to deal with a schizophrenia person" and get them to treatment...
Prayin' for you all!
he is attacking you because he does not trust you...first talk to him and somehow make to him believe that you are with him...after that you can move forward
Rajat Yadav Thank you very much for your comment! Talking doesn't make sense. He keeps talking ALL the time, with no break. The conversation is me listening and nodding, thats it.
Halal - google search, Dr. Carl Pfeiffer and git your brother cured with zinc. The cure has been around for a long time. Pfeiffer was a US doctor that found out the cure for schizophrenia about 50 years ago.
stop berating him hes mentally disabled. His paranioa and distrust is a symptom of the disease and he can learn to live with it through proper cbt training
Yes exactly... I've heard hundreds of video and read alot of articles.. But no one told us how to deal with them specifically during their Hallucinations and delusions.. If they talk about their thoughts with us.. How we should answer.. What we should say?!!!! How could we help them?!!
I am schizophrenic's auditory sufferer :'( Im too sensitive, i dont know what is my real personality.. im from Malaysia.. I never go diagnosis yet.. but all the symptoms are schizoic.. Sometimes, i can hear whispering voices and i can see(delusional/thinking) a girl with white dress on my back seat in the car.. I cant manage my activity well, im just pushing myself to be discipline right now.. i also hv alots of relationship issues.. im sorry for tell my story here.. :'(
My brother had schizophrenia. He went to a doctor that put him on ortomolecular vitamin nutrition. And today he is independent. And healthy. Niacin trratment and vitamin. C. Are part of the treatment.
Michael, did your brother go to a special doctor to help administer this program? My son has severe SZ and psych meds are not working and I'm trying to get him help using alternative methods. Thanks so much!
Can we talk? My dad had it and now my 16 yr old son was dx at 14. Any help appreciated.
@@debramather2477 search for dr abram hoffer's work. God bless you.
Please do an update video about your findings from your clinical trial. Also, how can my so become a participant in your study.
Where can I get some estrogen receptor pills? What is the price?
God bless you Cindy Shannon , my son 35 have schisophrenia he is a tween and my youngest daughter have schisophrenia, and she is a tween,she is 21. I have two sets of tweens and Im devastated. Both have paranoid schisophrenia.
My daughter is 20 and she has schizophrenia and just left our house. I'm devastated too.
I do wish people would refrain from the negative comments. She made no claim to cure. It was more a description of her journey to help. Medications have come a long way and studies with identical twins have given insight into biological links to this diorder. Did you know that the flu virus contracted during pregnancy increases thr risk of schizophrenia in the child? Baby steps are much better than no steps at all. This is a devastating disease that affects the person with the disease and all that care about them.
7
Grazie. I hope you found a help for this awful sickness. SERM is still your suggestion?
It's being 6 years. How can know what happened to her research? Please update 🙏.
DONT SELL THE PILL TO BIG FARMA THANKS FOR THE HELP
What is big pharma?
Big pharma is pharmaceutical companies that prescribe medications to profit billions mainly medications that are terrible for the body and mind yes they can mask some of your issues but won't fix them. Big pharma profits off of your diseases rather then fixing it they prescribe you medications masking it so they can bill you every step of the way without actually curing you of anything.
@@DivineCruelty666 But they dont prescribe meds? And I can choose which meds I prefer? I also pay very little for the meds... But also I have done blood tests so prove that the meds work?
my 11 year old has early onset childhood schizophrenia. its been very rough!!!
6ashull God can heal. he has guided me what to do in my spiritual warefare in the mind. pray... obey his commandments.... have full faith ....... And be patient..... cast you care to him. he is always listening and will help. I promise. God bless you both
Me too. Dad, now son. I am the link. Couldn't help my dad get "better". I must and will figure it out I will let the world know!! Peace and love.
I wish someone could help my brother
how far is the drug from becoming available? desperate mother....GOD BLESS
Sharmaine Nayyar hi
God can heal who it's conserning
he has guided me with my spiritual ware fare in the mind. what I need to do. pray, obey his commandments, have full faith,and be patient. he will do the same for you i promise. rely on Dr. God. God bless you.
@@krystalhedges9068 amen
Same. Father, now son. Desperate.
@@debramather2477 Sorry to hear that. My daughter just got diagnosed she is 20. I'm devastated.
Great scott
wow - his woman is incredibly strong and dedicated
jesus no standing-o, come'on Aussies ;)
Ontroerende lezing van Prof Shannon Weickert. Prachtige, oprechte vrouw die tevens briljant is in haar vak! Er is, mede dankzij haar, nu hoop voor de vele mensen met schizofrenie.
Her life is like the story in a novel.
People are different. When people are different they do not have to be sick.
My identical twin has this also.
we have same problem with my brother
My son suffers from Paranoid Schizophrenia. It's been rough just like everyone here has commented. Is there anything more on the Osteoporosis Drug and if they have done any more clinical trials?
Maria Butler God can heal this. he has guided me what to do with my spiritual warefare in the mind. to pray ,obey his commandments , and fully trust ,and be patient. God is here for you , trust in him. God bless you.
Krystal, I know your comments come from a good place. That isn't the issue. People are from all different backrounds, mentally, physically, and spiritually. I'm so glad that you have found peace. However, everyone is completely different. You cannot say that what has healed you will heal another. Most schizophrenics try and/or succed in taking their own lives. Also, the degree to which hallucinations and delusions affect are completely individual. Frequency, duration, fear level, intensity, etc. ALL individualized. God is good, yes. I cannot sit around and pray and hope for a miracle. It didn't work for my dad and I am not leaving it to any one spirituality to help my son. I'll do almost EVERYTHING to give my son every opportunity available to have a healthy mind/body/spirit. ✌❤
what medication is the best for this, I need it bad
That big clock right there would be so imposing
What about the monoclonal antibody theory discussed in another video? Any updates on actual patient treatments?
One question unanswered, how was he die? and why she refused his brother help?
If I could round up 1000 people right now, we would give you a STANDING OVATION.
The brain is the last frontier. So little is known..
My brother has suffered for now 25 years with this disease. Lives quite and cut out in room . Has largely failed to carry out even personal daily activities . Can this drug help him ?
Nepal Work Technical Support & Songs God can and will heal your brother. rely on him, not pills. he has guided me in my spiritual warefare in the mind of what to do ,pray ,obey his commandments , have full faith,and be patient. God bless you . love krystal
My wife has developed schizophrenia symptoms recently.
Can someone please guide me.
Try neuroplasticity .. watch video of Dr. Carolie leaf for more information
So what is the name of this medication again??? I did not catch it
There must be a way to heal this. My brother is also suffering from it and I am forcing him on a raw diet now with nuts and fruits and after that on a water fast.
Although he does not trust me and thinks I am someone who murdered his brother (myself) and keeps shouting at me.
This makes me so sad.
Before he was 15 years treated by "physicians" which missdiagnosed him for sure. He did not have this disease but to due to medication and years of abuse and abandonment he slipped into fears and paranoia and now is stuck in his delusions.
Due to all his paranoia and delusions I recently also almost slipped into a psychosis but managed to avoid it with waterfasting for 2 days, and keep doing it in order to be stable.
There is also the movie Crazywise which I havent watched yet, but it saw the trailer seeing that these diseases where cured by shamanic means.
If there is any more information here on people who tried this please share!
Hey!
Is this diet thing working for your brother?
@@SG51328 it helps a lot yes. I was able to reduce his medication by half so far. He still needs therapy and social contacts which he never had unfortunately. But the problem is that he doesn't like the diet and keeps cheating whenever he can, but I know it's also because of his medication that make him want to eat all the time
I just found out my daughter whose 25 years old have it and am glue less 😢
Could gene therapy be helpful so a higher number is oestrogen receptors is achieved?
Please help!!!
Please please I beg of you
Label…would you describe cancer, diabetes, heart disease ETC using the word label?