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Surely it's obvious that the things you learn in 1rst year are the basis of what you learn in secondary third 4th. And that each topic usually integrated.
I was a professor. I figured out these steps as I progressed in my academic programs. But I would have been a much better learned and teacher had I been introduced to these steps and how to use them in high school or at least when a college freshman. Thanks so much for your very clear presentation of how at age 73 I can still work to improve my learning skill.;
@@enochpage1333 right no age limit to learn and study. it keeps young and healthy on top of being rewarding. 74 and learning to become a full stack developer as well as new languages
1. Strong logic/relevance foundation; do it upfront, list out keywords/concepts, group together keywords, keep simple. 2. Split big groups into concepts; now you can explain things in details, most learning/studying happens here, big picture grows, can explain reasons better. 3. Important details are things that help you understand layer 2, overwhelm comes when you jump here without prior layers, can put in flashcards with SR and mind map/notes. 4. Arbitrary details only can know with other prior states; textbook flips these stages and makes you overwhelmed. Make sure you filter information in textbook into layers for your stages. The red flags you are going in wrong direction is trying to memorize and using flashcards in the beginning.
As an educator, 16 years teaching adults and 14 years teaching teens, this is exactly my intuition for how to approach instruction. What you call logic, I call the big picture or the gist of a phenomenon we can observe in the world. Without this, kids have no idea why we're even talking or what language we're using. I agree with the concept layer. I think of this as mapping out the conceptual geography of the phenomenon in question. I use a mix of pre-theoretical and technical terms (hinting at your layer three). My mantra is that the technicalities are actually intuitive parts of the phenomenon, names for things we didn't normally have a reason to talk about, except when discussing this phenomenon. I warn them that if they think they're memorizing words, they're wasting their time. The terminology is incidental once we understand what it refers to, and it's usually fairly transparent when we look at Greek and Latin roots. Layer 4 to me sounds like being familiar with your reference materials. You know it well enough to know it exists and how to find it as needed, but it doesn't make or break your productivity. If you get more specialized, you eventually learn this stuff too. I see the advantage of students taking responsibility for their own education by doing this, but it makes it so much easier to do if your teacher, professor, or presenter takes this approach. The best approach, therefore, is for both teachers and students to focus on these habits of learning and organization.
I agree that students should learn this way. But as you said, teachers are in more of a position to develop the logical interconnection of concepts. EXPERIENCED teachers could do this much better that is why industry experience could help a lot in teaching. The first two layers could be analogous to a map. Those who have gone inside the forest (teachers) are more in a position to make the map so that future adventurers (students) would not get lost and gain more familiarity with the forest even before they enter it because of the map prepared for them beforehand. They can then develop and add more details to the map after.
@@dugmanstarThis can be tricky to explain since it is very specific to the content being taught. I teach Spanish to Heritage and Native Spanish speakers, ranging from grammar to literature to history and politics, etc. Keep in mind that I also have a PhD in Spanish linguistics, so I see grammar as highly integrated systems. I see conjugation as a computational model that can be coded up in various ways. I don't expect them to learn all the technicalities, but I also avoid traditional methods of teaching because they tend to focus on people who don't already know the language. So my goal is to help students discover their own implicit knowledge of how verbs work. A native speaker of Spanish will intuitively be able to generate over 40 unique forms of any verb, but have no idea they're doing it or how many forms there are. So I start with thought experiments. I give them 6 present tense forms and ask them to organize them in some way. A few get it; most are dumbfounded. So I ask them which forms refer to individuals and which to groups. They can do that after a little reflection. Then we name this singular and plural, but with focus on the institution, rather than on terminology. And I also may mention that plural is actually based on the word "plus", except the s turns into r. So when you add people, the form becomes plus or plural. Then we continue to organize the verb chart. Now we have 3 singular and 3 plural forms. How do we organize within each side of the chart. They almost never know, but most will recognize first and third person from their English classes. We talk about stories that are narrated with I and me, versus he and him, etc. Those are just grammatical terms for how communication is organized. First is the person speaking. Second is the person you're talking to, and third is someone else not in the conversation that you're talking about. So the order is always "me, you, and someone else". So this gives us first, second, and third person. Now we have a verb chart divided horizontally as singular versus plural, and virtually as first, second, and third person. So down the left we get "me, you, someone else" and down the right, "me and others, you and others, and other people." Then we start to practice with simple verbs and they start to learn to think in terms of this chart. That helps them know which forms they have already done and which ones they need to still think of. The order becomes crucial for them to think analytically and critically about verb forms so we can later talk about systematic irregularities and patterns. Eventually we get to forms that many native speakers, especially heritage speakers tend to get wrong. I go slowly and intuitively from tense to tense with a similar intuition first approach, then we name things as we go, and then practice thinking systematically and analytically. It takes a lot of time, and there are always a few who really get it, a bunch that more or less get it (or it takes them a long time practicing to start to sink in), and a few kids who are my anti analytical thinkers who stay baffled. They require a lot of one on one work. I keep going back to intuitive explanations and formal terminology because the terminology is a new language in its own right. Hope that helps. That's one of the more technical things I teach. But I take a similar approach to everything, starting with getting kids to systematize their recognition of lived experiences, build some conceptual framework and flexibility, then try to do abstract tasks on demand: analyze themes and plots, write essays, use evidence in support of an argument, connect to historical trends or Zeitgeists, etc. How can you explain the racial mix of people in Latin America? What are a few of the technological innovations that distinguish modern life from the stone age? What does this have to do with Columbus discovering America? In what ways can we see Julio Cortázar critique authoritarianism and the use of propaganda? What does Emilia Pardo Bazán tell us about the plight of women in Spain 100 years ago?
1. Logic - It's just thinking logically, connecting the dots in very simple ways. 2. Concept - why and how is very important in this method to understand the topic. 3. Imp. Detail - use flash card and minp map and recall everything which is imp. 4. Arbitrary detail - 😊
In all fairness, getting a large overarching understanding an entire subject and then zooming in a bit more and then a bit more has always been known as the best way to learn something. Obviously you can't become an expert in one small part without knowing how everything works together. It's sad that people need to be taught this these days
@@XtianApi uh... Computers. I guarantee that you don't have a freaking clue how modern computers work, you mastered one small part of computing as a tool to use them.
@@kayakMike1000I am an infrastructure and cloud design architect and have been in the business for 22 years, so bad example, but even if I didn't, it doesn't mean that was my goal. If I set out to learn a subject, or went to a school or took an online class, what teachers wouldn't start with a broad understanding? I'm not trying to crap on the video or comment. I just don't get the difference between this and general learning methods. If you take a udemy class on cloud architecture for an AWS cert, it doesn't start with the minutiae. It starts with a general diagram and explanation of the 10,000 foot view. Am I wrong?
@@XtianApi it depends. I'm studying Computer Science and have to go through the math courses. for example: Why, the hack, does the author explain Matrix Multiplication in such a bloated, technical way, that spreads over 6 pages with, when 3 blue 1 browns video about matrix multiplications explains it in 3 minutes and I can use it immediatly without memorizing anything? why do we have to learn about proofs and logic in a very compressed way, when the Lecture about Logic is the last of 7? why do I have to learn how gaussian elimination works, when the big picture understanding of linear Algebra - the abstract theories- comes 2 Lectures later? - so no, not every teacher and author structures a topic starting with the big picture for everyone - this is highly individual because the author can only explain from their understanding. The Key for everyone is prior knowledge. The author cant know what prior knowledge one has. it is my Job as Student to build enough prior knowledge to understand the Information the author provides. what the big picture is, is very individual for everyone.
@@krishnaveni7563 Nope, you dont have to. The key is to hypothesize, to GUESS what the big main chunkys of the topic are and how they form the logical flow through the topic. Looking at the collected Keywords, you will get a feeling for how low Level the Keywords are. you have to think and evaluate from your prior knowledge and what the keywords give to you. The next step is to go into the material and check against your guesses. Thats how learning acures and how the overall Information becomes relevant for your Brain. The Goal is not to build the perfect Pictuire of Understanding on the first go. that doesnt even makle any sense.
Thanks justin i just realised i was trapped in 3 and 4 and was studying from past 2 months and feel overwhelmed. Now i get the right approach you opened my mind thanks a lot buddy
My used learning phases (becoming an engineer, who liked drawing funny comics) mixed with your layers: 1.) Introduction/Overview phase: brain-friendly Definitions of What + Why make your graphical Mind Map of Glossary of Categories + Topics + Terminology. Do already known words mean here the same? 2.) Information Sources Selection phase: choose for yourself the best understandable and interesting sources, additionally to given book/lecture scripts. Fast scan reading / viewing of content table, pictures, chapter summary, chapter self-control exercises + solutions (Q + A) and reference index. Look out for most referenced information source and try get it to compare it with given source: learn from the best (easier/more complete) => LAYER 1 "logic" (overview) = learning phase 1 + phase 2? 3.) Active (slow + deep) understanding phase: How about details by listening/reading/viewing + note taking (my own ideas = imagined pictures + thoughts + comparisons and questioning I am correct = fact checking). Reading multiple sources is better than "just learn by heart" over and over! => LAYER 2 "concepts" + 3 "important details" (facts) = learning phase 3? 4.) Communicative Discussion phase: Getting fact check confirmation, feedback and more ideas from others of your learning group members, Confirm fact check before repeating wrong understanding! => LAYER 4 "arbitrary details" may mixed here and/or in phase 2 (info source selection). 5.) Repeating phase = Exercises: getting routine listen/read/watch/calculate from your step 2 selected exercises collections. Get ready for applying and learn practical skills for: lab experiments, manually crafting skills.
An important protective factor against burnout is resilience, which requires certain prerequisites. According to my research, Muslims are among the most resilient people, a fact that has also been confirmed in practice. For further insights, reading the Quran can be beneficial.
Thanks for sharing your flow. Lots of really effective processes I can see you've developed for yourself. I like the "do already known words mean here the same" part - that's a really useful one in technical fields. If I were to offer one unsolicited suggestion, I'd only say to swap step 1 and 2 around to avoid framing bias on thinking about the topic in an ineffective way due to an unideal information source you're starting with. If you're a good self-regulator, it might not matter but for anyone else reading this and learning from it, I'd be wary of this if you're new to creating a learning system.
What a game changer of a video! I've been using mind maps for a long time and they worked really for me at 4th yearl level but now that I'm doing a masters, I was struggling. I felt lke I was just "taking notes" and not learning. But now I have the confidence to realise that my mindmaps were very much on the right track and being able to conceptualise the layers has made a huge difference!
in my profession .. electronics engineering .. i think your "mind maps' is analogous to the phrase i coined ... my "concept model" a concept model is nothing but a logical interconnection of concepts .. everytime you encounter a new concept, one has to actively find where to connect this new concept to your matrix of concepts .. we have a saying .. No man is an island. A person who separates himself to society cannot survive coz we are social animals. The same with concepts .. No concept is an island. A concept not connected to other concepts will die a natural death (forgotten).
Dear Justin, this Video is by far the one, that helped me the most. For 2 Years Im trying to understand how to Mindmap and how to build the knowledge in layers - but I didnt find any Video that explained what these Layers are and how I can identify them in my textbooks. this Video was all I needed. thank you so much! The first time I used your Layering method on SQL and JAva Databases. I ignored all the technical details and focused on what the main components are and how they fit together to work on Databases in Java. Then I fleshed this understanding out and incooperated the method and class names into my mind map. On the final Layer, I watched tutorials on how to establish connections to a Database and was AMAZED how much I already understood of every detail the Videomaker used and didn't explain. It was exactly like you explained: Learning becomes easier and easier with each Layer of Knowledge. I would love to enroll in your course, but I have to wait just a bit more for financial reasons. Maybe later this year! 🙌
Great info Justin. I realized while watching the video that I approach topics like this already because its the way that you are taught to approach art. As an artist, this is the exact approach I use to plan out my pieces from sketches to finished pieces and it bled over into how I approach everything. I highly recommend everyone reading this give art making a shot, even if you think you suck, to possibly engrain this approach even further into your natural processes. Thanks again, Justin. I learned a lot.
Thank you! I'm old already so there aren't many tests for me to take. But your advise is wonderful. There are little ones in my life and I want them to be more perceptive. You have given me a great deal to consider. You are doing imprtant work. And many people you don't even know will benefit from the good within you that you so willingly share. Young ones often times are terrified of tessts. Especially in the United States where education is profit driven industry. You are providing a way to be clear, mindful, and acurately responsive, in a way that young learners can understand and take in. Much love and respect to you and yours for your efforts. Peace.
Maps nicely to 5 Paragraph Essay construction: 1. Thesis Statement 2. Outline Key Points 3. Supporting Arguments 4. Examples, Tidbits, Trivia Conclusion paragraph even checks if all layers are mapped in alignment. Any other details beyond that are either out of scope or too trivial to be in the main content (maybe a footnote). P.S. Further elaboration on methodology or techniques for doing the mapping skimming referred to at 20:20 onwards would make for a great follow-up video.
Yea any framework for learning, writing, communicating, etc. that ACTUALLY WORKS, tends to follow very similar patterns because it's just how our brains work. I'll keep that in mind for a follow up video! Thanks for the suggestion.
@@JustinSung Hello Mr. Sung, I am a 15-year-old student from Iran, currently studying at one of the Sampad schools (National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents). In about a year, I will be eligible to participate in the Olympiads for three consecutive years. My goal is to succeed in the Iranian Physics Olympiad and later the International Physics Olympiad to secure a scholarship from universities in the USA. It’s been about two weeks since I got to know you and your method of mind mapping. In Iran, we have many general courses such as Arabic, Art, Persian, and others. Considering that maintaining grades above 18 out of 20 (equivalent to an A) is a requirement to study in Sampad schools, I am forced to reduce the time I allocate for Olympiad preparation and spend more time on other subjects. I follow the tips you’ve provided about mind mapping. I identify keywords, draw an initial map, and then develop it further. Unfortunately, I don’t have an iPad or a Galaxy Tab S. Moreover, due to sanctions, I cannot make dollar payments to enroll in your online courses. I’m not sure if you’re familiar with this, but in Iran, we have an exam called “Konkur"(National University Entrance Exam) which is mandatory for university admission (unless you have an Olympiad medal). Given these conditions, what do you recommend? How much time should I dedicate to general courses, and how can I study them effectively in less time? I would greatly appreciate your guidance! ---
@@JustinSung That makes a lot of sense. Universal structures and mechanisms tend to converge into a shared essential form after all. 🤔 Looking forward to the follow-up. Thanks for this insightful content.
Thank you for explaining and sharing. This will help so many people and they will love it. I’ll mention you every time when I share this to someone else. Thank you Justin Sung
- [00:00](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 📚 There are four essential layers of learning that students must master for better understanding, retention, and enjoyment - [00:42](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🎓 The speaker achieved top results in medical school and master's education by mastering these four layers - [01:08](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🔑 The "Logic Layer" is the most crucial but often overlooked first layer; without it, other layers won't work effectively - [02:18](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🏗 Learning is like building a house - you need proper foundations before walls, paint, and furniture - [03:27](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🎯 Logic Layer focuses on understanding big picture ideas and how they connect, typically taking only 10-15 minutes for a 1-2 hour topic - [06:13](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) ✅ Pro tips for Layer 1: Do it upfront, list keywords, group similar concepts, and keep explanations simple - [08:21](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 💡 Layer 2 (Concepts Layer) adds depth and specificity to basic understanding, should take 60-70% of study time - [11:34](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 📝 Layer 3 (Important Details) focuses on specific information that helps understand Layer 2 concepts - [17:15](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) ⚠ Layer 4 (Arbitrary Details) contains information that's not essential for understanding but might be needed for testing - [20:38](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🔄 The solution is to actively filter information through these layers, starting with Layer 1, rather than trying to memorize everything at once
I can't thank you enough for these videos 😌 This along with other videos of yours, immensely relieved my stress and anxiety about preparing for UPSC, to the point that I'm almost confident about acing the exam!! Just need a bit more practice and trial & error
I am VERY Very encouraged by this video, it was very hard in school and and I had a tough time. I had always wondered said to my self “Someone should teach us how to learn” because that seemed to be the biggest hardship. How? What do I focus on? What’s important? But the triangle and your explanation. I Truly Thank God for you. This is ground shattering. Especially to a whole group of kids. Super thankful God Bless you Justin! Thank you so much for this Video!
Love this video ❤ I've read a similar analogy in which the logic part was the tree trunk, the concepts were the branches of the tree, the important details were the leafs and the last one with the specific details were described as fruits that could hang on the tree.
Yea I love that analogy. One reason I don't use the tree analogy anymore is because trees have diverging branches. For example, a leaf doesn't connect back with another branch and trees don't form loops of connections. Knowledge is omnidirectional and the relationships are more like a messy spider web than a tree. The basic principle of the leaves hanging from branches is great - just need to make sure we understand the limitations of that analogy and not try to make our mindmaps look like trees. When we do that, it actually causes a lot of detriments to our learning. It's a pattern I call "waterfalling" where there aren't enough lateral connections and those leaves just become dependent on having essentially memorised the branches before it.
Is later 1 and 2 in this video just the TREE method or an equivalent method as if it is then I understand but I don't really understand what this video is getting at. Thanks
While you use the word "logic" differently from the classical model, you beautifully echo the old-school classical education model: (1) Grammar: The facts, dates, & basics. (Your "logic" and "concepts" layers.) (2) Logic: (the word is used much differently here) How the facts, dates, and basic concepts are organized and related. (3) Rhetoric: Being able to explain and evaluate the ideas in a body of knowledge. (Maybe somewhat connected to your 4th layer in which you evaluate the less important details.) Thank you for your insight.
Yup I know the feeling of essentially having a mental library of disorganized information lacking big picture context. My worst experience of that was self-educating in digital marketing which eventually turned into information paralysis. Much of that information is still a tad spotty but I was able to organize it into 4 distinct and foundational areas (or framework) to make the information much easier to categorize and draw upon in my articulations. This video is very helpful to me because I now see that I should be actively building those foundations when approaching any area of study, rather than just the really broad ones.
This video made my day today ❤ thank you.. Today I learned how I can improve two layers that I'm working on right now and learned how to connect layer 3 with layer 2 & 1.. now I got a better clear picture of what I'm going to do next... Thanks to you I'm getting confident in getting good results.. ❤
This video has really help me understand how I have been studying for a long period of time for a test and still got bad grades. I just want to thank you because I know that this video would help me in the long run, so now I can truly understand what I am studying❤😊.
I got it in the study skill section....I prefer more lengthy video, so i clicked it...guess what?I just respectfully loved it...thx Mr. Justin... I'm subscribing ya❤
Wow, i tried to bring this model into words and explain it to my professor yesterday. But my explanations were bad because i didnt even thought about that the model also applies on me when i try to explain sth to someone else as a concept who has not the logical understanding that i have. Now after watching this vid i can see it. Thank you so much Justin for making me aware and for always giving ways to think about thinking.
That's a really common example where trying to retrieve knowledge at a certain, more fundamental layer tests our knowledge and exposes hidden gaps. Well done for realising it and now you can incorporate this kind of self-testing in your studies too!
This is so true! I've been studying gyokko-ryu on my own for 8 solid years now and training. This couldn't have been more accurate! I'm definitely subscribing and putting your information to good use! Life saver!
Thanks Justin for this wonderful content… I feel like this has come to me in a time where I needed to understand how to be efficient in learning what I needed to know. I will sign up to your weekly newsletter
00:06 Mastering four layers of learning enhances retention and efficiency. 02:18 Building strong foundations is essential for effective learning. 04:30 Active context building is essential for effective learning. 06:50 Organize concepts to build foundational knowledge effectively. 09:14 Layer Two study is essential for connecting concepts and achieving top results. 11:27 Layer three details enhance understanding of prior concepts. 13:56 Learning in the right order enhances understanding and retention. 16:08 Integrating notes with mind mapping and flashcards enhances learning. 18:13 Learning efficiency is hindered by starting at detailed layers of information. 20:13 Understanding information layers enhances effective learning. 22:12 Learning in layers enhances efficiency and understanding.
This is one of your videos I understood the better and I can see quite clearly how to implement it into my studying; it gave me an idea on how I can organize it, instead of just rushing through my notes and textbooks. Now I'm eager to see if it works well for me. Thank you!
The key word this excellent tutor uses for his learning procedure is:active! Active doesnt mean simply making an effort to read something. It means willingly thinking over passages youve read and creating an initial interpretation for foundation building spring boards. I was 14 reading Signund Freud's interpretation of dreams and with no friends who wanted to hear anything about my interest bin this book. So i resorted to rafing passages and for short time periods and then spending longer moments going for a walk and discussing the potential meanings nof what i had just read. All in my head and all on my own. This though is why years later i can still recall the main points of yhat book and use what i understood from my reading of it to inform my understanding nof others and myself today. All knowledge nis useful but only when it truly becomes your knowledge. Noam chmosky once said that once you truly understand another persons idea, the idea takes life in your mind as if it were your own idea.
I always try to approach the big pic and build a contextual understanding of subject I learn. Thank you for some confirmation around my methods. Your tips will help me tighten up my process. Watching more!!
When I first started my programming journey I remember always wanting to start with the GUI first. It led to so much time being wasted. This reminds me of that.
Hey Justin, this is fantastic! I really appreciate how the diagram conveys balance and stability. As someone who has experienced traumatic brain injuries over time, I find that this simple yet effective method helps me regain the clarity and confidence I once had with processing new learning materials. Thanks.
This is great advice for school, especially medical school which is highly structured, but more difficult with self-directed learning. The logic layer is hard to create when you don’t know the subject you want to learn and don’t have anyone to guide you. You kinda have to get stuck in and read some stuff to get a feel for what’s going on. Once you’ve done that, then you can better set your own learning objectives.
Thank you so much We Home schools all six of our Children this will help us so much. We created our curriculum And we felt like we were teaching them wrong because they were having a hard time retaining the information. We ran across Channel by accident which we are grateful for thank you so much. We also run a non profit and we are creating programs to Educate people and underserved communities for high paying jobs This is wonderful.I appreciate your work.And keep going forward.Please don't get discouraged by some of these comments. We will subscribe today.
When I was at school I used to try to learn everything without even understand the content. I thought It was my fault now I know that there is a science to do it. Pretty good video👌.
edited: This video is really interesting from a physics and math perspective. The concepts are like generalisation of theorems or procedures we can use to solve problems or build models. Layer 3 provides proofs and more details about these theorems and procedures. I used to learn by going from 1 to 3, then kind of jumping around to 2. Now I see that it makes more sense to connect the proof idea to when we have a map of conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge as foundation.
I also feel like teachers focus on layer 3 and 4 details instead of layers 1 and 2. At least mine did. We might get a brief intro on what these theorems might be used for, but then they focus most of the class on the details. So we just naturally focus our attention on the wrong things!
yess its all about finding the connections between the concepts. Proofs are created by linking related concepts together to form a blueprint for solution and then you chunk all that concepts in this constellation to a proof idea an never forget them and reduce your cognitive load immensely
Correct. In addition: a minor inaccuracy; theorems seem to be of low-level abstraction, hence fitting to the important details. For LA I did the following: Logic: linear mappings, vector spaces, matrices. From there we get Eigentheory, multilinearforms and specific but still conceptual forms of spaces like metric, normed or even topological spaces (layer 2), etc. For maths there are several layers of abstractions within those layers. You have to keep that in mind Edit: procedures are usually layer 3 (just because they’re extensive doesn’t mean they aren’t algorithmic and abstract). for numerical LA: procedures were mostly layer 3 with several sublayers for adding more specificity like: Gaussian Elimination, Cholesky procedure, pivotization, etc. (layer 3) and systems of linear equations as the underpinning concept (layer 2). For this subject there’s no real logic here since it is applied maths. It gets its logic from the higher-levels which give you the opportunity to even combine mind maps, etc.
@@sonicmaths8285You articulate it well. I am currently self studying linear algebra, although haven’t got that far yet, but I really appreciate that example. I agree that specific procedural method and techniques are in level 3. In your numerical LA example “system of linear equation as the underpinning concept(layer 2)” matches what I thought of when I mentioned procedure being in level 2. What I was meant by the word procedure is, for example, “solving system of linear equation” and because of me thinking of the word “solving” before the concept name I classify it as a procedure! Also, thank you for the accuracy correction!
That's a great observation! Every subject will have it's version of what belongs in each layer and as you gain expertise in the field, that also changes. E.g. what is "logic" for an expert may be extremely detailed for a beginner. Things that are very complicated for someone new may be intuitively obvious for someone who's spend 10 years building their knowledge on that complicated fact. I wouldn't think too much about what precisely belongs in each category and think more about what information fits in each layer, for each session of studying you do. Get internally in tune with what you're learning and how it does or does not connect for you mentally. Happy studying!
Thank you Justin. This was very helpful. I wanted a more grounded/ solid understanding of the areas of research I am interested in to build on, and this was the how I was searching for.
I made a prompt for IA to analyze the lecture by following his steps and making it easier to comprehend the prompt : Logic (Step 1): "Please analyze the provided lecture or text and break it down into the underlying reasoning. Explain why the points or arguments presented are logically connected. Focus on how the concepts fit together coherently to build a larger understanding." Concept (Step 2): "Summarize the lecture or text into two key elements: a. Main Idea: State the core idea in one or two sentences. b. Most Important Thing: Highlight the most critical piece of information that encapsulates the subject." Exam-Relevant Information (Step 3): "Identify the most significant details that are likely to appear in an exam. Emphasize their relevance and ensure clarity in how they tie to the larger concepts." Non-Important Information (Step 4): "List any details from the lecture or text that are not essential for understanding or have minimal benefit in a study context. Briefly justify why they can be deprioritized or ignored." Please analyze it step-by-step using the method above: logic, concept, exam-relevant details, and non-important information. Provide concise and focused responses for each layer." Here is the lecture text:-
Thank you. As a former software developer, now masters of clinical psychochology student I just used your prompt on one of my neuropsychology slide decks! And thank you @JustinSung, this is just what I needed. I was feeling so overwhelmed.
So the reason I wanted to use this prompt is that I needed an example of how to do this. I couldn't find a video that broke a topic down. I changed the prompt for layer 1, to use more of Justin's words from the video and got a different output that not has helped with the topic but shown me what I need to do on other topics. I totally get that breaking it down myself is how I'm going to learn it. Using AI is not going to help my brain much. except for this once. I think. There definitely wasn't enough cognitive load when AI did it for me! haha
I have always been proud of my "gift of gab". I could talk about a stapler for a half hour. This dude has me beat by a mile. Excruciating. Loooooooooong. 19 min longer than needed
I teach middle school math and Latin, and our math lessons are very much set up in this order. Objectives then concepts then details and then special cases. But other classes definitely are not. I'll be trying to integrate this into other classes in the future. Thanks.
Your advice has been an eye-opener. The only topics I remember anything significant from are the ones where I did it like you suggest. I even had good grades in some others but forgot nearly all of those.
Amazing video, this really gonna help me a lot. For the last year i'd start to get crazy trying to organize my notes, and my mind XD, and this video put me feets on the ground and through the right way. Thanks!!
As medical line person; 1. Knows your why / objective u need to knows this topics. 2. Scanning all the information (pre-lecture). Have basic terminologies. 3. Attend lecture, do further reading, make discussion (make sure it is accurate information) 4. Remember the details (mind map/flash card/ pop quiz). 5. Relate with other topics as u had study (try to relate anatomy+physiology+pathology in specific subtopic) 6. Teach others
After going through layers of learning, you can use different labels like phase or step. One major key most RUclipsrs don't talk about is "Emotion." This also has to do with different cultures! You process a lot of emotion during the journey and receive new profound emotions you never thought you had. "If you can't do something do it anyway till you get it. Keep your emotions in check and keep it simple!"👍
@Tubistyou Everyone is different. Usually, the pattern starts with the excitement of discovering new information, then comes self-dout or fears, but if you have anxiety issues, the emotions can feel like a roller coaster ride. The solutions to that are to keep the project, tasks, or study simple, also learning to trust your own intuition. I hope this helps my friend. 👍
No I disagree. With every video scatter all over the channel, we are forced to process the information and make it intuitive in our own way which is good learning.
Great video as always Dr Justin. Video idea: How to learn multiple subjects at the same time (for eg. 2 subjects spread out across two weeks), and how to plan revision sessions ( for eg. Should we dedicate specific review days OR revise and learn something new each day)
FINALLY!!! A video that feels the most applicable to studying for fields like engineering!!! I knew one of these videos would come around at some point! Before I started watching this channel, I arrived at a similar conclusion for these layers, but the way that Justin puts it in the video, specifically with Important Details and Arbitrary Details might have just flipped a switch in my brain. Though, I still have a question: I find this approach to studying very effective, but not very time friendly. How could I optimize my process to fit in the time scale I need it to for exams? My current method right now is to give full on explanations for the thought process that you need to solve the different situations/problems then convert them into Anki flashcards so I can "use" them to enforce the step by step approach through spaced repetition. Most of the time, I don't even need to really look at the back of the card. The first part is deep learning and it's doing most of the heavy lifting, but I find that it's very mentally draining and time consuming. Often times, I find myself knowing some of the material really well but other parts not so well (because I wasn't able to get that far and put the same amount of energy and effort into it).
If you know some parts very well and others not so well, thats a clear sign you should focus on parts that you did not train enough. You need something like a just in timeschedule with a traffic light system. that way you would always priorize topics you need the most work in. Yes its time consuming and mentally draining and thats perfectly fine, because you learn the stuff much deeper. I think you need to focus on spacing your practice
Really great comment and thanks for posting! So the time-efficiency thing is a tricky one because the answer is two-fold. First, is it REALLY less time efficient? It could be just how you are scheduling overall. It often takes longer to cover [x] amount of content per study session, but it takes less time to cover that content to the appropriate DEPTH and RETENTION overall. E.g. learning at layer 3 only through brute force may allow covering [x] content in 1 hour. But there could be 3x that time spent on relearning and trying to hit higher levels of understanding due to inadequate depth and retention. So it's always important to measure time efficiency as [time taken to reach necessary depth and retention across all study sessions]. Secondly, your efficiency will also go up as your study methods shift towards this approach to learning. As more of your methods align with helping you learn in layers, the faster it becomes to achieve each layer. This process of shifting your learning system takes weeks to months, but the time it takes to reach layer 1 and 2 can probably reduce by 50% once you've really aligned your techniques. Layers 3 and 4 are a slog no matter what. Your current study method and the issues you're facing with it are probably the upper ceiling of what you can achieve with that method. Ther eisn't a solution to overcoming that other than changing the method (or rather, supplementing it and reducing dependence on the flashcards). Flashcards are great, but your issues are textbook for overreliance. Hope that helps!
It’s like going on a first date: gathering basic info and then getting more intimate by building connections with each passing date. It all builds on each other-the first date and so on. You don’t start married with kids and then slowly regress backward.
I am a student in computer science and learning was a very difficult for me even one sentence I should read and memorize but , I arbitrary figured out this type of learning by myself and now I see this I wish I could watched it before so much suffering I had ohhhh I hope others watch it before going university😊❤
This all sounds very interesting to me as a university teacher. Please show some brief examples applying your methods to various types of classes. Thanks so much!
Thanks Justin for sharing such great tips to us.... I believe now can i proceeds again without overwhelming myself to an extent.... Well appreciate it a lot.... 🙌🙌
Seems simplistic. The learning p3ocess does not work linearly - from Level 1 tto Level 4. We need to get back and forth to understand which are the main concepts and which - important/arbitrary details.
One of the best videos you've made, and that's saying a lot. I am taking your paid course and trust this is repeated there. Although it goes without saying, and I doubt it, I hope you are not discouraged by the ridiculous comments I've seen here. For those with an open mindset, without ego (you have a great piece in your course about this), they'll get it. The others are stunted, and, unfortunately, based on their comments, likely to remain so. Peace and love, Justin and team.
Justin, thankyou ... As someone with dislexia I wasn't diagnosed till after uni was finished ... I mapped DNA by hand 20 years ago.. Link with me ... I keep getting my work scrubbed from the internet because I didn't join them ... I found the link between tcag = Earth fire wind water ... And thx e-ching ... Bet 😢
The reason most students don't start to learn this way is because most people are linear procedural thinkers. An abstract, systems thinker like me thinks like this by default. Because of this though it actually makes learning harder in many contexts because the world is built for simple step by step thinkers.
I feel you, but I do think it possible to follow the process he describes in a linear, concrete fashion because it is iterative, albeit in stages. So I don't think it is about concrete vs abstract or linear vs non-linear: people are simply not taught in a fashion conducive to understanding/learning fully and deeply- the pyramid of knowledge he describes being built. Instead, the world is built to get immediate, short term results, a model which teaching follows. Simple, step-by-step thinking is rewarded in the short-term- and far too often in the long term too- or so I tend to think.
@ I didn't mean someone can't think a certain way or his method doesn't work. But if you don't think a certain way trying to learn in particular fashion will require extraordinarily more effort and time which isn't compatible with most academic settings. With that said a more abstract systems thinker would be able excel in a research based environments whether novel innovations are common place for them.
Gestalt processing doesn't necessarily only apply to language learning. Many neurodivergent people are gestalt information processors. It is a more efficient form of learning but not one most people utilize and idk if most people's brains are even wired for that...mine is though lol. And unfortunately it isn't how education is generally approached by educators or how they are trained to approach it.
@ccriztoff Indeed, different neurotypes are wired for different learning styles and learn most effectively when utilizing the style best suited to the individual's neurotype and subsequent learning style
One word "AVESHIKI" I appreciate your efforts though , your videos were an inspiration to me for a very long time ! ... They halped me in my life actually! ... I have plenty of career crucial circumstances where your videos were helpful ! ! !
Very insightful interview and ben have explained it very well and i believe he speaks the mind of many Jiujitsu school instructors and challenges they face, thank you very much for sharing
I like this video. I like the learning system described, and it is similar to the multistep method of reading academic textbooks. I can understand how adopting and effectively implementing this learning system could help me be more efficient in my studies.
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I think Dr. Caroline Leaf has found the same ideas through her research in neuroscience.
@@miophx8283 Thanks for sharing
Surely it's obvious that the things you learn in 1rst year are the basis of what you learn in secondary third 4th. And that each topic usually integrated.
I was a professor. I figured out these steps as I progressed in my academic programs. But I would have been a much better learned and teacher had I been introduced to these steps and how to use them in high school or at least when a college freshman. Thanks so much for your very clear presentation of how at age 73 I can still work to improve my learning skill.;
@@enochpage1333 right no age limit to learn and study. it keeps young and healthy on top of being rewarding. 74 and learning to become a full stack developer as well as new languages
1. Strong logic/relevance foundation; do it upfront, list out keywords/concepts, group together keywords, keep simple.
2. Split big groups into concepts; now you can explain things in details, most learning/studying happens here, big picture grows, can explain reasons better.
3. Important details are things that help you understand layer 2, overwhelm comes when you jump here without prior layers, can put in flashcards with SR and mind map/notes.
4. Arbitrary details only can know with other prior states; textbook flips these stages and makes you overwhelmed.
Make sure you filter information in textbook into layers for your stages. The red flags you are going in wrong direction is trying to memorize and using flashcards in the beginning.
@@naomia472 this guy used Justin's advice on his videos only. Great work
Flash cards are awesome for little guys learning math square roots and multiplication, it's a basis
As an educator, 16 years teaching adults and 14 years teaching teens, this is exactly my intuition for how to approach instruction. What you call logic, I call the big picture or the gist of a phenomenon we can observe in the world. Without this, kids have no idea why we're even talking or what language we're using. I agree with the concept layer. I think of this as mapping out the conceptual geography of the phenomenon in question. I use a mix of pre-theoretical and technical terms (hinting at your layer three). My mantra is that the technicalities are actually intuitive parts of the phenomenon, names for things we didn't normally have a reason to talk about, except when discussing this phenomenon. I warn them that if they think they're memorizing words, they're wasting their time. The terminology is incidental once we understand what it refers to, and it's usually fairly transparent when we look at Greek and Latin roots. Layer 4 to me sounds like being familiar with your reference materials. You know it well enough to know it exists and how to find it as needed, but it doesn't make or break your productivity. If you get more specialized, you eventually learn this stuff too.
I see the advantage of students taking responsibility for their own education by doing this, but it makes it so much easier to do if your teacher, professor, or presenter takes this approach.
The best approach, therefore, is for both teachers and students to focus on these habits of learning and organization.
Work together and learn from. Each other. We can learn something from even babies if we think we want to...eh.
I agree that students should learn this way. But as you said, teachers are in more of a position to develop the logical interconnection of concepts. EXPERIENCED teachers could do this much better that is why industry experience could help a lot in teaching. The first two layers could be analogous to a map. Those who have gone inside the forest (teachers) are more in a position to make the map so that future adventurers (students) would not get lost and gain more familiarity with the forest even before they enter it because of the map prepared for them beforehand. They can then develop and add more details to the map after.
What would be an example of you applying layer 2 to one of your topics in practice?
@@dugmanstarThis can be tricky to explain since it is very specific to the content being taught. I teach Spanish to Heritage and Native Spanish speakers, ranging from grammar to literature to history and politics, etc.
Keep in mind that I also have a PhD in Spanish linguistics, so I see grammar as highly integrated systems. I see conjugation as a computational model that can be coded up in various ways. I don't expect them to learn all the technicalities, but I also avoid traditional methods of teaching because they tend to focus on people who don't already know the language. So my goal is to help students discover their own implicit knowledge of how verbs work.
A native speaker of Spanish will intuitively be able to generate over 40 unique forms of any verb, but have no idea they're doing it or how many forms there are. So I start with thought experiments. I give them 6 present tense forms and ask them to organize them in some way. A few get it; most are dumbfounded. So I ask them which forms refer to individuals and which to groups. They can do that after a little reflection. Then we name this singular and plural, but with focus on the institution, rather than on terminology. And I also may mention that plural is actually based on the word "plus", except the s turns into r. So when you add people, the form becomes plus or plural.
Then we continue to organize the verb chart. Now we have 3 singular and 3 plural forms. How do we organize within each side of the chart. They almost never know, but most will recognize first and third person from their English classes. We talk about stories that are narrated with I and me, versus he and him, etc. Those are just grammatical terms for how communication is organized. First is the person speaking. Second is the person you're talking to, and third is someone else not in the conversation that you're talking about. So the order is always "me, you, and someone else". So this gives us first, second, and third person.
Now we have a verb chart divided horizontally as singular versus plural, and virtually as first, second, and third person. So down the left we get "me, you, someone else" and down the right, "me and others, you and others, and other people."
Then we start to practice with simple verbs and they start to learn to think in terms of this chart. That helps them know which forms they have already done and which ones they need to still think of. The order becomes crucial for them to think analytically and critically about verb forms so we can later talk about systematic irregularities and patterns. Eventually we get to forms that many native speakers, especially heritage speakers tend to get wrong.
I go slowly and intuitively from tense to tense with a similar intuition first approach, then we name things as we go, and then practice thinking systematically and analytically. It takes a lot of time, and there are always a few who really get it, a bunch that more or less get it (or it takes them a long time practicing to start to sink in), and a few kids who are my anti analytical thinkers who stay baffled. They require a lot of one on one work.
I keep going back to intuitive explanations and formal terminology because the terminology is a new language in its own right.
Hope that helps. That's one of the more technical things I teach. But I take a similar approach to everything, starting with getting kids to systematize their recognition of lived experiences, build some conceptual framework and flexibility, then try to do abstract tasks on demand: analyze themes and plots, write essays, use evidence in support of an argument, connect to historical trends or Zeitgeists, etc.
How can you explain the racial mix of people in Latin America?
What are a few of the technological innovations that distinguish modern life from the stone age? What does this have to do with Columbus discovering America?
In what ways can we see Julio Cortázar critique authoritarianism and the use of propaganda?
What does Emilia Pardo Bazán tell us about the plight of women in Spain 100 years ago?
1. Logic - It's just thinking logically, connecting the dots in very simple ways.
2. Concept - why and how is very important in this method to understand the topic.
3. Imp. Detail - use flash card and minp map and recall everything which is imp.
4. Arbitrary detail - 😊
Nice summary
This dude is humble. "im not a genius, this works for other people i see"
Respect and subscribed 🔥🔥🔥
In all fairness, getting a large overarching understanding an entire subject and then zooming in a bit more and then a bit more has always been known as the best way to learn something. Obviously you can't become an expert in one small part without knowing how everything works together.
It's sad that people need to be taught this these days
@@XtianApi uh... Computers. I guarantee that you don't have a freaking clue how modern computers work, you mastered one small part of computing as a tool to use them.
@@kayakMike1000I am an infrastructure and cloud design architect and have been in the business for 22 years, so bad example, but even if I didn't, it doesn't mean that was my goal. If I set out to learn a subject, or went to a school or took an online class, what teachers wouldn't start with a broad understanding?
I'm not trying to crap on the video or comment. I just don't get the difference between this and general learning methods. If you take a udemy class on cloud architecture for an AWS cert, it doesn't start with the minutiae. It starts with a general diagram and explanation of the 10,000 foot view.
Am I wrong?
@@XtianApi learn things mind map, written linear.
Deconstruct knowledge people write, make own mind map, settle. Wkwkk
@@XtianApi it depends. I'm studying Computer Science and have to go through the math courses. for example: Why, the hack, does the author explain Matrix Multiplication in such a bloated, technical way, that spreads over 6 pages with, when 3 blue 1 browns video about matrix multiplications explains it in 3 minutes and I can use it immediatly without memorizing anything? why do we have to learn about proofs and logic in a very compressed way, when the Lecture about Logic is the last of 7? why do I have to learn how gaussian elimination works, when the big picture understanding of linear Algebra - the abstract theories- comes 2 Lectures later? - so no, not every teacher and author structures a topic starting with the big picture for everyone - this is highly individual because the author can only explain from their understanding. The Key for everyone is prior knowledge. The author cant know what prior knowledge one has. it is my Job as Student to build enough prior knowledge to understand the Information the author provides.
what the big picture is, is very individual for everyone.
Very IMP1. Logic
IMP 2.concepts
IMP 3.important details
LESS IMP4.Arbitrary details
Thanks for the summary :)
This is awesome
Won't you need to study everything first so you can the categorize what you've learned into these 4 segments?
@@saix81 yeah even iam getting this doubt and feeling little doubtful
@@krishnaveni7563 Nope, you dont have to. The key is to hypothesize, to GUESS what the big main chunkys of the topic are and how they form the logical flow through the topic. Looking at the collected Keywords, you will get a feeling for how low Level the Keywords are. you have to think and evaluate from your prior knowledge and what the keywords give to you. The next step is to go into the material and check against your guesses. Thats how learning acures and how the overall Information becomes relevant for your Brain. The Goal is not to build the perfect Pictuire of Understanding on the first go. that doesnt even makle any sense.
I am a teacher in health science and i am starting my phd. Your Videos are helpful for both. Greetings from Germany
Thanks justin i just realised i was trapped in 3 and 4 and was studying from past 2 months and feel overwhelmed. Now i get the right approach you opened my mind thanks a lot buddy
Hey Jayesh, that's great to hear - all the best!
My used learning phases (becoming an engineer, who liked drawing funny comics) mixed with your layers:
1.) Introduction/Overview phase: brain-friendly Definitions of What + Why make your graphical Mind Map of Glossary of Categories + Topics + Terminology. Do already known words mean here the same?
2.) Information Sources Selection phase: choose for yourself the best understandable and interesting sources, additionally to given book/lecture scripts. Fast scan reading / viewing of content table, pictures, chapter summary, chapter self-control exercises + solutions (Q + A) and reference index. Look out for most referenced information source and try get it to compare it with given source: learn from the best (easier/more complete) => LAYER 1 "logic" (overview) = learning phase 1 + phase 2?
3.) Active (slow + deep) understanding phase: How about details by listening/reading/viewing + note taking (my own ideas = imagined pictures + thoughts + comparisons and questioning I am correct = fact checking). Reading multiple sources is better than "just learn by heart" over and over! => LAYER 2 "concepts" + 3 "important details" (facts) = learning phase 3?
4.) Communicative Discussion phase: Getting fact check confirmation, feedback and more ideas from others of your learning group members, Confirm fact check before repeating wrong understanding! => LAYER 4 "arbitrary details" may mixed here and/or in phase 2 (info source selection).
5.) Repeating phase = Exercises: getting routine listen/read/watch/calculate from your step 2 selected exercises collections. Get ready for applying and learn practical skills for: lab experiments, manually crafting skills.
An important protective factor against burnout is resilience, which requires certain prerequisites. According to my research, Muslims are among the most resilient people, a fact that has also been confirmed in practice. For further insights, reading the Quran can be beneficial.
Thanks for sharing your flow. Lots of really effective processes I can see you've developed for yourself. I like the "do already known words mean here the same" part - that's a really useful one in technical fields. If I were to offer one unsolicited suggestion, I'd only say to swap step 1 and 2 around to avoid framing bias on thinking about the topic in an ineffective way due to an unideal information source you're starting with. If you're a good self-regulator, it might not matter but for anyone else reading this and learning from it, I'd be wary of this if you're new to creating a learning system.
@m99neurology66
That's so interesting and how have you come to that conclusion?
What a game changer of a video! I've been using mind maps for a long time and they worked really for me at 4th yearl level but now that I'm doing a masters, I was struggling. I felt lke I was just "taking notes" and not learning. But now I have the confidence to realise that my mindmaps were very much on the right track and being able to conceptualise the layers has made a huge difference!
in my profession .. electronics engineering .. i think your "mind maps' is analogous to the phrase i coined ... my "concept model"
a concept model is nothing but a logical interconnection of concepts .. everytime you encounter a new concept, one has to actively find where to connect this new concept to your matrix of concepts .. we have a saying .. No man is an island. A person who separates himself to society cannot survive coz we are social animals. The same with concepts .. No concept is an island. A concept not connected to other concepts will die a natural death (forgotten).
As a med student I must admit, this is the most accurate representation of how I adapted to med school during my first 6 months of entering❤😂.
Dear Justin, this Video is by far the one, that helped me the most. For 2 Years Im trying to understand how to Mindmap and how to build the knowledge in layers - but I didnt find any Video that explained what these Layers are and how I can identify them in my textbooks. this Video was all I needed. thank you so much! The first time I used your Layering method on SQL and JAva Databases. I ignored all the technical details and focused on what the main components are and how they fit together to work on Databases in Java. Then I fleshed this understanding out and incooperated the method and class names into my mind map. On the final Layer, I watched tutorials on how to establish connections to a Database and was AMAZED how much I already understood of every detail the Videomaker used and didn't explain. It was exactly like you explained: Learning becomes easier and easier with each Layer of Knowledge.
I would love to enroll in your course, but I have to wait just a bit more for financial reasons. Maybe later this year! 🙌
What was your layer 1 and layer 2 when learning SQL. What did you use to understand?
This almost makes me cry, because I see now how inefficient my learning process was despite all my effort. I'm happy to have discovered this channel!
SAME!!! This channel has been one of the bestest things to happen to me!
Self learnt these techniques while doing masters and was very helpful and made me the topper.
Great info Justin. I realized while watching the video that I approach topics like this already because its the way that you are taught to approach art. As an artist, this is the exact approach I use to plan out my pieces from sketches to finished pieces and it bled over into how I approach everything. I highly recommend everyone reading this give art making a shot, even if you think you suck, to possibly engrain this approach even further into your natural processes. Thanks again, Justin. I learned a lot.
Not only is it a great way to learn, but most importantly a great way of teaching! Thank you Justin!
Thank you! I'm old already so there aren't many tests for me to take. But your advise is wonderful. There are little ones in my life and I want them to be more perceptive. You have given me a great deal to consider. You are doing imprtant work. And many people you don't even know will benefit from the good within you that you so willingly share. Young ones often times are terrified of tessts. Especially in the United States where education is profit driven industry. You are providing a way to be clear, mindful, and acurately responsive, in a way that young learners can understand and take in. Much love and respect to you and yours for your efforts. Peace.
Maps nicely to 5 Paragraph Essay construction:
1. Thesis Statement
2. Outline Key Points
3. Supporting Arguments
4. Examples, Tidbits, Trivia
Conclusion paragraph even checks if all layers are mapped in alignment.
Any other details beyond that are either out of scope or too trivial to be in the main content (maybe a footnote).
P.S. Further elaboration on methodology or techniques for doing the mapping skimming referred to at 20:20 onwards would make for a great follow-up video.
Very insightful
Yea any framework for learning, writing, communicating, etc. that ACTUALLY WORKS, tends to follow very similar patterns because it's just how our brains work. I'll keep that in mind for a follow up video! Thanks for the suggestion.
@@JustinSung
Hello Mr. Sung,
I am a 15-year-old student from Iran, currently studying at one of the Sampad schools (National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents).
In about a year, I will be eligible to participate in the Olympiads for three consecutive years. My goal is to succeed in the Iranian Physics Olympiad and later the International Physics Olympiad to secure a scholarship from universities in the USA.
It’s been about two weeks since I got to know you and your method of mind mapping.
In Iran, we have many general courses such as Arabic, Art, Persian, and others. Considering that maintaining grades above 18 out of 20 (equivalent to an A) is a requirement to study in Sampad schools, I am forced to reduce the time I allocate for Olympiad preparation and spend more time on other subjects.
I follow the tips you’ve provided about mind mapping. I identify keywords, draw an initial map, and then develop it further.
Unfortunately, I don’t have an iPad or a Galaxy Tab S. Moreover, due to sanctions, I cannot make dollar payments to enroll in your online courses.
I’m not sure if you’re familiar with this, but in Iran, we have an exam called “Konkur"(National University Entrance Exam) which is mandatory for university admission (unless you have an Olympiad medal).
Given these conditions, what do you recommend?
How much time should I dedicate to general courses, and how can I study them effectively in less time?
I would greatly appreciate your guidance!
---
@@JustinSung That makes a lot of sense. Universal structures and mechanisms tend to converge into a shared essential form after all. 🤔
Looking forward to the follow-up. Thanks for this insightful content.
Thank you for explaining and sharing. This will help so many people and they will love it. I’ll mention you every time when I share this to someone else. Thank you Justin Sung
I always try to understand the concept of anything first so all the details fall into place. Bravo! Conceptual thinking.
This is the best video I've seen ,which every student should watch
You are absolutely right and this is what I understood two years ago and now I use it.
4:57" more we learn , we get overwhelmed " nailed it💫
THIS IS YOUR BEST VIDEO ON UR CHANNEL, THIS CLARIFYS EVERYTHING BRO THANK YOU
YOU'RE WELCOME BRO
@ 🤣🤣🤣🤣
- [00:00](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 📚 There are four essential layers of learning that students must master for better understanding, retention, and enjoyment
- [00:42](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🎓 The speaker achieved top results in medical school and master's education by mastering these four layers
- [01:08](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🔑 The "Logic Layer" is the most crucial but often overlooked first layer; without it, other layers won't work effectively
- [02:18](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🏗 Learning is like building a house - you need proper foundations before walls, paint, and furniture
- [03:27](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🎯 Logic Layer focuses on understanding big picture ideas and how they connect, typically taking only 10-15 minutes for a 1-2 hour topic
- [06:13](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) ✅ Pro tips for Layer 1: Do it upfront, list keywords, group similar concepts, and keep explanations simple
- [08:21](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 💡 Layer 2 (Concepts Layer) adds depth and specificity to basic understanding, should take 60-70% of study time
- [11:34](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 📝 Layer 3 (Important Details) focuses on specific information that helps understand Layer 2 concepts
- [17:15](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) ⚠ Layer 4 (Arbitrary Details) contains information that's not essential for understanding but might be needed for testing
- [20:38](ruclips.net/video/2rtSSM-C91I/видео.html) 🔄 The solution is to actively filter information through these layers, starting with Layer 1, rather than trying to memorize everything at once
I can't thank you enough for these videos 😌 This along with other videos of yours, immensely relieved my stress and anxiety about preparing for UPSC, to the point that I'm almost confident about acing the exam!! Just need a bit more practice and trial & error
I am VERY Very encouraged by this video, it was very hard in school and and I had a tough time.
I had always wondered said to my self “Someone should teach us how to learn” because that seemed to be the biggest hardship. How? What do I focus on? What’s important?
But the triangle and your explanation. I Truly Thank God for you. This is ground shattering. Especially to a whole group of kids.
Super thankful God Bless you Justin! Thank you so much for this Video!
Love this video ❤ I've read a similar analogy in which the logic part was the tree trunk, the concepts were the branches of the tree, the important details were the leafs and the last one with the specific details were described as fruits that could hang on the tree.
Yea I love that analogy. One reason I don't use the tree analogy anymore is because trees have diverging branches. For example, a leaf doesn't connect back with another branch and trees don't form loops of connections. Knowledge is omnidirectional and the relationships are more like a messy spider web than a tree. The basic principle of the leaves hanging from branches is great - just need to make sure we understand the limitations of that analogy and not try to make our mindmaps look like trees. When we do that, it actually causes a lot of detriments to our learning. It's a pattern I call "waterfalling" where there aren't enough lateral connections and those leaves just become dependent on having essentially memorised the branches before it.
Is later 1 and 2 in this video just the TREE method or an equivalent method as if it is then I understand but I don't really understand what this video is getting at. Thanks
While you use the word "logic" differently from the classical model, you beautifully echo the old-school classical education model:
(1) Grammar: The facts, dates, & basics. (Your "logic" and "concepts" layers.)
(2) Logic: (the word is used much differently here) How the facts, dates, and basic concepts are organized and related.
(3) Rhetoric: Being able to explain and evaluate the ideas in a body of knowledge. (Maybe somewhat connected to your 4th layer in which you evaluate the less important details.)
Thank you for your insight.
Thank you Justin!
Love from India 🇮🇳
Yup I know the feeling of essentially having a mental library of disorganized information lacking big picture context. My worst experience of that was self-educating in digital marketing which eventually turned into information paralysis. Much of that information is still a tad spotty but I was able to organize it into 4 distinct and foundational areas (or framework) to make the information much easier to categorize and draw upon in my articulations.
This video is very helpful to me because I now see that I should be actively building those foundations when approaching any area of study, rather than just the really broad ones.
Glad I could help make something click. Good luck and thanks for your comment! Appreciate it :)
This video made my day today ❤ thank you..
Today I learned how I can improve two layers that I'm working on right now and learned how to connect layer 3 with layer 2 & 1.. now I got a better clear picture of what I'm going to do next... Thanks to you I'm getting confident in getting good results.. ❤
Thank you for the comment!
Very impressive points sir! Thank you so much for your video ! As a 60 yrs old student, these points are vey helpful I found. Thank you again
Thank you for your still long-term service Dr. Justin.
This video has really help me understand how I have been studying for a long period of time for a test and still got bad grades. I just want to thank you because I know that this video would help me in the long run, so now I can truly understand what I am studying❤😊.
I got it in the study skill section....I prefer more lengthy video, so i clicked it...guess what?I just respectfully loved it...thx Mr. Justin...
I'm subscribing ya❤
Wow, i tried to bring this model into words and explain it to my professor yesterday. But my explanations were bad because i didnt even thought about that the model also applies on me when i try to explain sth to someone else as a concept who has not the logical understanding that i have. Now after watching this vid i can see it. Thank you so much Justin for making me aware and for always giving ways to think about thinking.
That's a really common example where trying to retrieve knowledge at a certain, more fundamental layer tests our knowledge and exposes hidden gaps. Well done for realising it and now you can incorporate this kind of self-testing in your studies too!
This is so true! I've been studying gyokko-ryu on my own for 8 solid years now and training. This couldn't have been more accurate! I'm definitely subscribing and putting your information to good use! Life saver!
Thanks Justin for this wonderful content… I feel like this has come to me in a time where I needed to understand how to be efficient in learning what I needed to know. I will sign up to your weekly newsletter
00:06 Mastering four layers of learning enhances retention and efficiency.
02:18 Building strong foundations is essential for effective learning.
04:30 Active context building is essential for effective learning.
06:50 Organize concepts to build foundational knowledge effectively.
09:14 Layer Two study is essential for connecting concepts and achieving top results.
11:27 Layer three details enhance understanding of prior concepts.
13:56 Learning in the right order enhances understanding and retention.
16:08 Integrating notes with mind mapping and flashcards enhances learning.
18:13 Learning efficiency is hindered by starting at detailed layers of information.
20:13 Understanding information layers enhances effective learning.
22:12 Learning in layers enhances efficiency and understanding.
Thank you
This is one of your videos I understood the better and I can see quite clearly how to implement it into my studying; it gave me an idea on how I can organize it, instead of just rushing through my notes and textbooks. Now I'm eager to see if it works well for me. Thank you!
The key word this excellent tutor uses for his learning procedure is:active! Active doesnt mean simply making an effort to read something. It means willingly thinking over passages youve read and creating an initial interpretation for foundation building spring boards. I was 14 reading Signund Freud's interpretation of dreams and with no friends who wanted to hear anything about my interest bin this book. So i resorted to rafing passages and for short time periods and then spending longer moments going for a walk and discussing the potential meanings nof what i had just read. All in my head and all on my own. This though is why years later i can still recall the main points of yhat book and use what i understood from my reading of it to inform my understanding nof others and myself today. All knowledge nis useful but only when it truly becomes your knowledge. Noam chmosky once said that once you truly understand another persons idea, the idea takes life in your mind as if it were your own idea.
Thank you Mr. Sung for this channel and especially this video. I have a lot to learn about learning.
This is amazing advice that is articulated and taught well! I think everyone can take help from it. Thank you for sharing !
I always try to approach the big pic and build a contextual understanding of subject I learn. Thank you for some confirmation around my methods. Your tips will help me tighten up my process. Watching more!!
When I first started my programming journey I remember always wanting to start with the GUI first. It led to so much time being wasted. This reminds me of that.
Hey Justin, this is fantastic! I really appreciate how the diagram conveys balance and stability. As someone who has experienced traumatic brain injuries over time, I find that this simple yet effective method helps me regain the clarity and confidence I once had with processing new learning materials. Thanks.
Thanks for this video. For me, your work is getting better and better and more useful as the time goes by
Thanks. I am trying :)
Thanks, this has helped me with getting piano fingering set. Get the musical picture first to start right out with the correct emphasis.
Wow this is the very important video that I have come accross so far!! very practical and really helpful. Thank you so much.
This is great advice for school, especially medical school which is highly structured, but more difficult with self-directed learning. The logic layer is hard to create when you don’t know the subject you want to learn and don’t have anyone to guide you. You kinda have to get stuck in and read some stuff to get a feel for what’s going on. Once you’ve done that, then you can better set your own learning objectives.
Thank you so much We
Home schools all six of our Children this will help us so much. We created our curriculum And we felt like we were teaching them wrong because they were having a hard time retaining the information. We ran across Channel by accident which we are grateful for thank you so much. We also run a non profit and we are creating programs to Educate people and underserved communities for high paying jobs This is wonderful.I appreciate your work.And keep going forward.Please don't get discouraged by some of these comments. We will subscribe today.
When I was at school I used to try to learn everything without even understand the content. I thought It was my fault now I know that there is a science to do it. Pretty good video👌.
edited: This video is really interesting from a physics and math perspective. The concepts are like generalisation of theorems or procedures we can use to solve problems or build models. Layer 3 provides proofs and more details about these theorems and procedures.
I used to learn by going from 1 to 3, then kind of jumping around to 2. Now I see that it makes more sense to connect the proof idea to when we have a map of conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge as foundation.
I also feel like teachers focus on layer 3 and 4 details instead of layers 1 and 2. At least mine did. We might get a brief intro on what these theorems might be used for, but then they focus most of the class on the details. So we just naturally focus our attention on the wrong things!
yess its all about finding the connections between the concepts. Proofs are created by linking related concepts together to form a blueprint for solution and then you chunk all that concepts in this constellation to a proof idea an never forget them and reduce your cognitive load immensely
Correct. In addition: a minor inaccuracy; theorems seem to be of low-level abstraction, hence fitting to the important details.
For LA I did the following:
Logic: linear mappings, vector spaces, matrices. From there we get Eigentheory, multilinearforms and specific but still conceptual forms of spaces like metric, normed or even topological spaces (layer 2), etc. For maths there are several layers of abstractions within those layers. You have to keep that in mind
Edit: procedures are usually layer 3 (just because they’re extensive doesn’t mean they aren’t algorithmic and abstract). for numerical LA: procedures were mostly layer 3 with several sublayers for adding more specificity like: Gaussian Elimination, Cholesky procedure, pivotization, etc. (layer 3) and systems of linear equations as the underpinning concept (layer 2). For this subject there’s no real logic here since it is applied maths. It gets its logic from the higher-levels which give you the opportunity to even combine mind maps, etc.
@@sonicmaths8285You articulate it well. I am currently self studying linear algebra, although haven’t got that far yet, but I really appreciate that example. I agree that specific procedural method and techniques are in level 3. In your numerical LA example “system of linear equation as the underpinning concept(layer 2)” matches what I thought of when I mentioned procedure being in level 2. What I was meant by the word procedure is, for example, “solving system of linear equation” and because of me thinking of the word “solving” before the concept name I classify it as a procedure! Also, thank you for the accuracy correction!
That's a great observation! Every subject will have it's version of what belongs in each layer and as you gain expertise in the field, that also changes. E.g. what is "logic" for an expert may be extremely detailed for a beginner. Things that are very complicated for someone new may be intuitively obvious for someone who's spend 10 years building their knowledge on that complicated fact. I wouldn't think too much about what precisely belongs in each category and think more about what information fits in each layer, for each session of studying you do. Get internally in tune with what you're learning and how it does or does not connect for you mentally. Happy studying!
Thank you Justin. This was very helpful. I wanted a more grounded/ solid understanding of the areas of research I am interested in to build on, and this was the how I was searching for.
This video is brilliant!!! I can apply yhis to my learning in law, politics, parliamentary procedure etc. Thank you!
Thanks Justin now I understand whenever I try to learn smth I stuck in 3& 4 ,but I didn't know where I was doing wrong
I made a prompt for IA to analyze the lecture by following his steps and making it easier to comprehend
the prompt :
Logic (Step 1): "Please analyze the provided lecture or text and break it down into the underlying reasoning. Explain why the points or arguments presented are logically connected. Focus on how the concepts fit together coherently to build a larger understanding." Concept (Step 2): "Summarize the lecture or text into two key elements: a. Main Idea: State the core idea in one or two sentences. b. Most Important Thing: Highlight the most critical piece of information that encapsulates the subject." Exam-Relevant Information (Step 3): "Identify the most significant details that are likely to appear in an exam. Emphasize their relevance and ensure clarity in how they tie to the larger concepts." Non-Important Information (Step 4): "List any details from the lecture or text that are not essential for understanding or have minimal benefit in a study context. Briefly justify why they can be deprioritized or ignored." Please analyze it step-by-step using the method above: logic, concept, exam-relevant details, and non-important information. Provide concise and focused responses for each layer." Here is the lecture text:-
Thank you. As a former software developer, now masters of clinical psychochology student I just used your prompt on one of my neuropsychology slide decks! And thank you @JustinSung, this is just what I needed. I was feeling so overwhelmed.
So the reason I wanted to use this prompt is that I needed an example of how to do this. I couldn't find a video that broke a topic down. I changed the prompt for layer 1, to use more of Justin's words from the video and got a different output that not has helped with the topic but shown me what I need to do on other topics. I totally get that breaking it down myself is how I'm going to learn it. Using AI is not going to help my brain much. except for this once. I think. There definitely wasn't enough cognitive load when AI did it for me! haha
I have always been proud of my "gift of gab". I could talk about a stapler for a half hour. This dude has me beat by a mile. Excruciating. Loooooooooong. 19 min longer than needed
Such an awesome video .. I have to keep this video in my favourite list.. Thank you very much Justin Sung.
I teach middle school math and Latin, and our math lessons are very much set up in this order. Objectives then concepts then details and then special cases.
But other classes definitely are not. I'll be trying to integrate this into other classes in the future. Thanks.
Your advice has been an eye-opener. The only topics I remember anything significant from are the ones where I did it like you suggest. I even had good grades in some others but forgot nearly all of those.
If you're realised it now, you're already starting to win! Thanks for the comment :)
Amazing video, this really gonna help me a lot. For the last year i'd start to get crazy trying to organize my notes, and my mind XD, and this video put me feets on the ground and through the right way. Thanks!!
As medical line person;
1. Knows your why / objective u need to knows this topics.
2. Scanning all the information (pre-lecture). Have basic terminologies.
3. Attend lecture, do further reading, make discussion (make sure it is accurate information)
4. Remember the details (mind map/flash card/ pop quiz).
5. Relate with other topics as u had study (try to relate anatomy+physiology+pathology in specific subtopic)
6. Teach others
You are a genius because, after all your studies, you realize you will make way more money as an educator and content creator than as a doctor.
This is excellent! Thank you. Looking forward to applying these ideas to how I learn.
After going through layers of learning, you can use different labels like phase or step. One major key most RUclipsrs don't talk about is "Emotion." This also has to do with different cultures!
You process a lot of emotion during the journey and receive new profound emotions you never thought you had.
"If you can't do something do it anyway till you get it. Keep your emotions in check and keep it simple!"👍
Could you please simplyfy this emotion check during learning..
@Tubistyou Everyone is different. Usually, the pattern starts with the excitement of discovering new information, then comes self-dout or fears, but if you have anxiety issues, the emotions can feel like a roller coaster ride. The solutions to that are to keep the project, tasks, or study simple, also learning to trust your own intuition. I hope this helps my friend. 👍
Thank you very much🙏🏻 I'm now looking forward to studying a new topic.
Thank you so much.
I've been doing this the other way around
Thank you!!! SIr.
This video made me realize why I remember the topic more while reading a book than from chatgpt.
Justin You have made over 500 videos, can't watch them all, Make one Ultimate Video To summarise them all.
Bro, you are asking for а magic pill
No I disagree. With every video scatter all over the channel, we are forced to process the information and make it intuitive in our own way which is good learning.
@@PiandYogas You are asking for a silver bullet. It just doesn't exist.
He scatter the information to force you to buy his course..
But his course is also very hard to master
I think the perrio video he did is a good summary of most things. Each video explains some aspect of that system pretty much
Thank you for your time and education, it was a worthwhile watch and I'll give your suggestion a serious try. Once again thanks.
Great video as always Dr Justin.
Video idea: How to learn multiple subjects at the same time (for eg. 2 subjects spread out across two weeks), and how to plan revision sessions ( for eg. Should we dedicate specific review days OR revise and learn something new each day)
I think a video on the best principles for reviewing is probably a good idea. WIll add to the list!
FINALLY!!! A video that feels the most applicable to studying for fields like engineering!!! I knew one of these videos would come around at some point! Before I started watching this channel, I arrived at a similar conclusion for these layers, but the way that Justin puts it in the video, specifically with Important Details and Arbitrary Details might have just flipped a switch in my brain. Though, I still have a question: I find this approach to studying very effective, but not very time friendly. How could I optimize my process to fit in the time scale I need it to for exams? My current method right now is to give full on explanations for the thought process that you need to solve the different situations/problems then convert them into Anki flashcards so I can "use" them to enforce the step by step approach through spaced repetition. Most of the time, I don't even need to really look at the back of the card. The first part is deep learning and it's doing most of the heavy lifting, but I find that it's very mentally draining and time consuming. Often times, I find myself knowing some of the material really well but other parts not so well (because I wasn't able to get that far and put the same amount of energy and effort into it).
If you know some parts very well and others not so well, thats a clear sign you should focus on parts that you did not train enough. You need something like a just in timeschedule with a traffic light system. that way you would always priorize topics you need the most work in. Yes its time consuming and mentally draining and thats perfectly fine, because you learn the stuff much deeper. I think you need to focus on spacing your practice
Really great comment and thanks for posting! So the time-efficiency thing is a tricky one because the answer is two-fold. First, is it REALLY less time efficient? It could be just how you are scheduling overall. It often takes longer to cover [x] amount of content per study session, but it takes less time to cover that content to the appropriate DEPTH and RETENTION overall. E.g. learning at layer 3 only through brute force may allow covering [x] content in 1 hour. But there could be 3x that time spent on relearning and trying to hit higher levels of understanding due to inadequate depth and retention. So it's always important to measure time efficiency as [time taken to reach necessary depth and retention across all study sessions].
Secondly, your efficiency will also go up as your study methods shift towards this approach to learning. As more of your methods align with helping you learn in layers, the faster it becomes to achieve each layer. This process of shifting your learning system takes weeks to months, but the time it takes to reach layer 1 and 2 can probably reduce by 50% once you've really aligned your techniques. Layers 3 and 4 are a slog no matter what.
Your current study method and the issues you're facing with it are probably the upper ceiling of what you can achieve with that method. Ther eisn't a solution to overcoming that other than changing the method (or rather, supplementing it and reducing dependence on the flashcards). Flashcards are great, but your issues are textbook for overreliance.
Hope that helps!
I call it the learning curve, from general to detail.
It’s like going on a first date: gathering basic info and then getting more intimate by building connections with each passing date. It all builds on each other-the first date and so on. You don’t start married with kids and then slowly regress backward.
This makes so much sense. Thank you.
I am a student in computer science and learning was a very difficult for me even one sentence I should read and memorize but ,
I arbitrary figured out this type of learning by myself and now I see this I wish I could watched it before so much suffering I had ohhhh
I hope others watch it before going university😊❤
This all sounds very interesting to me as a university teacher. Please show some brief examples applying your methods to various types of classes. Thanks so much!
Thanks Justin for sharing such great tips to us.... I believe now can i proceeds again without overwhelming myself to an extent.... Well appreciate it a lot.... 🙌🙌
Thanks just what I needed right now!from Papua New Guinea ❤
You are correct. Unfortunately the type of exams, MIQ tests force students to try to memorise rather than focusing on context and concept formation.
Seems simplistic. The learning p3ocess does not work linearly - from Level 1 tto Level 4. We need to get back and forth to understand which are the main concepts and which - important/arbitrary details.
One of the best videos you've made, and that's saying a lot. I am taking your paid course and trust this is repeated there. Although it goes without saying, and I doubt it, I hope you are not discouraged by the ridiculous comments I've seen here. For those with an open mindset, without ego (you have a great piece in your course about this), they'll get it. The others are stunted, and, unfortunately, based on their comments, likely to remain so. Peace and love, Justin and team.
Hi Justin how are you doing when I was in campus I use all 4 learning techniques to be productive thanks for sharing your taughts.
Justin, thankyou ... As someone with dislexia I wasn't diagnosed till after uni was finished ... I mapped DNA by hand 20 years ago.. Link with me ... I keep getting my work scrubbed from the internet because I didn't join them ... I found the link between tcag = Earth fire wind water ... And thx e-ching ... Bet 😢
I have been struggling to solve this issue since last year but finally get rid of that
thanks justin sung
The reason most students don't start to learn this way is because most people are linear procedural thinkers. An abstract, systems thinker like me thinks like this by default. Because of this though it actually makes learning harder in many contexts because the world is built for simple step by step thinkers.
I feel you, but I do think it possible to follow the process he describes in a linear, concrete fashion because it is iterative, albeit in stages. So I don't think it is about concrete vs abstract or linear vs non-linear: people are simply not taught in a fashion conducive to understanding/learning fully and deeply- the pyramid of knowledge he describes being built. Instead, the world is built to get immediate, short term results, a model which teaching follows. Simple, step-by-step thinking is rewarded in the short-term- and far too often in the long term too- or so I tend to think.
@ I didn't mean someone can't think a certain way or his method doesn't work. But if you don't think a certain way trying to learn in particular fashion will require extraordinarily more effort and time which isn't compatible with most academic settings. With that said a more abstract systems thinker would be able excel in a research based environments whether novel innovations are common place for them.
why is bro trying so hard to be different 😂
Gestalt processing doesn't necessarily only apply to language learning. Many neurodivergent people are gestalt information processors. It is a more efficient form of learning but not one most people utilize and idk if most people's brains are even wired for that...mine is though lol. And unfortunately it isn't how education is generally approached by educators or how they are trained to approach it.
@ccriztoff Indeed, different neurotypes are wired for different learning styles and learn most effectively when utilizing the style best suited to the individual's neurotype and subsequent learning style
Wow this is genius, I this gives me clarity of how to learn the right way.
This is the most useful information I have come across recently. But adds are breaking the flow.
This is the aproach I use as an Athropologist to new cultural realities
One word "AVESHIKI" I appreciate your efforts though , your videos were an inspiration to me for a very long time ! ... They halped me in my life actually! ... I have plenty of career crucial circumstances where your videos were helpful ! ! !
Learning is built and best when
1. Interested
2. Implication
3. PROCESS
4. Imaging
Very insightful interview and ben have explained it very well and i believe he speaks the mind of many Jiujitsu school instructors and challenges they face, thank you very much for sharing
Realizing thats the thing ive been doing all along makes me feel so smart
Same i was already doing this
thank you so much, always appreciate your works👍
Yes I agree that you need to connect information together, but sleep definitely helps with learning.
Thanks, I found this video very helpful. Keep up the good work. 🎄
I like this video. I like the learning system described, and it is similar to the multistep method of reading academic textbooks. I can understand how adopting and effectively implementing this learning system could help me be more efficient in my studies.