Primary nocturnal enuresis

Definition: Nighttime urinary incontinence age ≥5; with no prior prolonged period of overnight dryness
Pathogenesis:
Delayed maturation of bladder control
↑ Nocturnal urine output (eg, ↑ evening fluids, ↓ ADH)
↓ Bladder capacity
Risk factors:
Family history
Boys age 5-8
Evaluation:
Urinalysis (to exclude other causes)
Voiding diary
Treatment:
Treatment of comorbid (secondary) conditions (eg, constipation)
Behavioral modifications (eg, restrict evening fluids)
Enuresis alarm
Desmopressin therapy