How does mobile phone fast charging work?
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- Опубликовано: 18 май 2024
- This video explains the technology behind fast charging in mobile phones, from early phones with linear chargers to the most advanced high power Direct-Charge-Divide/2 systems. We discuss different battery types, special charging systems like Qualcomm’s Quick-Charge QC2.0/3.0 and the new USB-C Power Delivery charging systems, covering Direct Charge and Direct Charge-Divide/2 systems that can deliver charging powers up to 45W without overheating.
We hook up oscilloscope and USB-PD analysers to different smartphones like Galaxy Note 10+ to examine their charging behaviour in detail. We will also tell you about next generation smartphone charging technology like Direct Charge-Divide/4 and dual cell battery systems.
Read more about Richtek’s ‘’Fast charging and USB PD’’ :
www.richtek.com/technology/fa...
Related Richtek products:
RT9467: 5A Switching charger (high current switching charger application)
www.richtek.com/RedirectToPro...
RT1716: USB-PD 3.0 Power delivery controller (sink side)
www.richtek.com/RedirectToPro...
RT9471: 3A Switching charger (medium current switching charger application)
www.richtek.com/RedirectToPro...
Some handy measurement tools that were used in this video: RIDEN TC66 and XYZ studio ZY1271 USB power monitors; Total Phase USB-PD protocol analyser.
music "The Stratosphere" by Adam Vitovsky 
Наука
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I don't normally comment on videos, but this one deserves more than a thumbs up. Well done sir!
For a Richtek advertorial it's ok i guess...
I dont mean to be offtopic but does someone know a way to get back into an Instagram account?
I somehow forgot the password. I love any tips you can give me!
I don't normally comment on comments, but here's my comment. Well done to you yourself sir!
@@johnnyleonidas6639 try commenting on an Instagram post perhaps.
I've tried asking an off topic question on a church vigil video about beastiality...let's say it wasn't my best idea...
@@janiesablan9743 Hahahah :)
This is the gold standard of the "how does X work".
This was absolutely fantastic! I've seen so many "tip-of-the-iceberg" videos on things like USB-C PD but this goes into much more detail. Everything is explained in a way that makes sense. Nonetheless, I'll probably have to watch this one a few more times to catch all of the information that was packed in. You have earned yourself a sub, Sir!
@Jyothi Sithara No problem, the phone will select the correct voltage and current
Way more than I bargained for.
This is extremely good information. Keep it up!
just what i needed to know. everything about charging. impressive video
Wonderful explanation with great equipment use. Awesome.
If I spend months searching for such quality content for free I’ll simply get to nowhere. Thank you very much for the brilliant & clean effort you have kindly shared with us, respect.
All is said and done, great video!
Incredibly well done video. Great organization, instrument use, and pacing. Amazing!
Way more info than I bargained for but I'm thankful for it! Awesome video! I had no idea these phone charging systems were so intuitive!
I never thought that charging could be so complex. Thank you for the great video.
Amazing!!!
Many thanks for sharing all the different types of chargers, their specs and the internal design.
Being an electronics engineer myself I found it more than enlightening, can't thank you more for painstakingly putting up the graphics in such a lovely way and make it look as simple as it did.
Best wishes for your future presentations.
That RT9759 is insane... "capacitive divider" is not exactly what I'd expect it to be called (no AC signals here). Found the spec sheet, got some clues, and it's more of a double charge-pump that actually uses the battery as a voltage source!
Just considering the top half, it first configures the mosfets to use the battery plus the VBUS (which, recall, is externally maintained at twice the battery voltage) to charge the capacitor to VBUS/2==V_battery, then the mosfets are reconfigured to discharge the capacitor into the battery, and repeat. The bottom half is just a duplicate used presumably to ensure smooth operation.
What can I say, absolutely brilliant video with in depth information. Thanks for your massive contribution to RUclips.
Thanks! Great explanation and examples of how the modern USB charging systems works.
This is a deep down technical level in deep detail. He certainly knows his subject and this is what i am looking for. All the other one are general consumer grade scratches the surface. 99.99% of consumers do not care or know about something they use every day use and charge their cell phone. That means wrong purchase for the wrong purpose and wasteful. No wonder Walmart shelves have ton of these confusing cables, usb adapters. Knowledge is power!!!!!
That's the best video I have watched on power delivery. Everything is detailed and even non engineers can understand the concept
this is gold! thanks. looking to read more from your resources :)
So informative 😍 Thanks a lot.
This video is excellent. It is the first video I've seen on this confusing topic that actually explained things. Showing the circuits in action is an additional plus.
It was a superb explanation sir. Thank you.
Wow. This was such a pleasure to watch. Great learning course! I think I might need to watch this one twice to really remember all of the different circuits. Very clear and very understandable. Thank you so much Roland!
Thank you, excellent description and well needed !
Great video! I am glad that it appeared in my recomendations!
Thank you sir!
This is a brilliant video I never knew there was so much that went into charging a device. Fascinating stuff.
Right? Insane.
All thanks to the engineers who designed it
This is exactly the info I was looking for, and the presentation was fantastic! Thanks a lot.
This is extremely well explained! Thank you! :D
Thank you Sir for a deep detailed explanation about the complicated FAST CHARGING protocols.
This is the gold standard on RUclips
This is gold! thank you very much for all the information and analysis!
Thank you. Very clearly explained. Very few users know how their phones charge, but for the techies this kind of info is useful to know which chargers / cables combinations work best.
Wonderful explanation with ckt concept and port role negotiation, scope signals, this video deserves more than a thumbs up!!
Thank you for all the explanations, it was super interesting I learned a lot!!!
This video is an eye-opener. so clean and clear. thank you so much!
This is the most in-depth, easy to understand, high quality video on charging that I've ever come across.
I love that you are able to explain so comprehensively, while not diving into technical terms (even with the circuit diagrams, and the oscilloscope). That is the sign of true understanding and expertise.
Also, thank you for explaining the differences between 'old' charging methods and the new ones, without skipping explenation of the old.
I like to repair things, but that could be anything from power tools,.to a variety of smartphones, to old cellular phones.
So the gap in my understanding of the differences in charging vs battery chemistry is only becoming more and more apparent as technology develops..
I found an oscilloscope a while back (in the trash - it works fine. From the late 70s I think).
I have been meaning to use it to dig into electronics a bit more.
Your video really shows the value of it, and I am freshly motivated to start digging in
On an unrelated note;
Are you originally Dutch? (I think I hear the faint remnants of an accent at some points when you speak - your English is impeccable*, though :)
* I suspect most Dutch people will not even notice what I am talking about)
@@iggysixx I think he's Dutch as well. I am not Dutch myself and I quickly notice a Dutch accent. :)
Thank you for the beautiful explanation and demonstration!
best explanation until now
indeed a great knowledge to share with details and complete comprehensive visuals ... kudos!
Super informative , nicely explained and great stuff, dis video deserves a thumbs up 👍
Wonderful. I will rewatch this video to get better understanding. Thank you!
Thank you so much!!!
I didn't know the communication thing btwn charger and phone...so I now know the problem with using two way cable...thanks sir.
This is so informative and in depth. Thanks for sharing!
Clear and concise. Thank you very much
A question about direct charge/2 with capacitors:
If the capa is charged with a constant voltage the charge efficiency should be only 50% (RC model with R internal PCB path + MOS resistance → even when the steps are slight it's the same as long as there are voltage steps), same when the capa energy is released to the battery at a slightly lower voltage than Vcc/2. The overall charge/discharge efficiency should be 25% but I know it's close to 100% → how it works? Capacitors are charged at constant current from the supply until the selected voltage is reached? (well why not), but how to discharge capacitors' energy at CC to the battery without any regulated buck converter?
Here's my layman speculation.
"If the capa is charged with a constant voltage the charge efficiency should be only 50%". I fail to fully comrehend this diagram (15:21), but my understanding is that it works in two modes:
Mode1: capasitors are connected to charger in series. Thus, they get each half the voltage.
Mode2: capacitors are connected to the battery in parallel. This time they in totall output double current.
So, we have two modes that are switched really fast. We are talking about kiloherz, maybe even hundreds. Essentialy we get alternating current (or swithching is the right word?). And what you do to limit alternating inrush current? Add some inductance! A tiny inductor will provide needed reactance that will limit currents. Reactance, when dealt in the right way, does not produce power losses.
The main point of heating in this divider are switches themselves. They are vulnerable in the moment of switching: when their resistance is neither infinity (closed), nor zero (open). In this moment you need that inductance the most.
I suppose when the voltages are very close together, the switching loss will be very small.
Let's say you have a 10 volt source and 9 volt sink. You transfer charge from the 10 to 9 volt level. Only 1 volt is "lost in translation" and 9 volts are transferred. Currents are equal. So 90% efficient.
@@pizzablender What you are describing is true, but it is true only for direct, constant currents. And it has nothing to do with capacitors, as they do not pass constant current. They are used to smooth variations in constant voltage. They can not change input constant voltage, they make it even more constant.
As for simple constant currents, your conclusions look right.
@@DimaZheludko Think about capacitors as rechargeable batteries. Charge them in parallel. Then connect in series and discharge. The efficiency can be quite good.
@@pizzablender You are right in that regard. Only it's vice versa. Here, capacitors are charged in series and discharged in parallel. That's what I described in my first answer.
The problem is in differences between a battery and a capacitor (especially the size you would find in mobile phone). Battery has some substantial resistance, so if you give it, say 200 mV more than it's voltage, it will charge. Capacitor resistance is bacically zero, so any voltage difference will give you high currents. These currents would produce resistive heating in other parts of circuits, hence the original question by *Incroyables Expériences*
That's where the inefficiency comes from: if you connect a source of constant voltage to a capacitor, it will produce a currents that are limited only by the circuit itself. But that makes the circuit a resistive element, thus decreasing efficiency.
Omg 23:21 I've been trying to understand how my One Plus 8T charges, with it having 2 batteries and the charger max output being 65W!
I'm so happy I found a solution here.
Wonderful deep dive!
insanely educational! Thanks!
Sir your engineering knowledge is awesome !!! 👍👍👍👍
Excellent, informative video. Thanks.
ภุ
REally indepth video, really good
Best video to explain about mobile phone battery charging. I hope that I could watch this video earlier.
Finally I can implement usb-c PD on my projects. Great video explanation.
Single detailed video on RUclips about phone charging..❤
We service mobile phones professionally and your video has helped us a lot to detect problems and malfunctions associated with charging on modern smartphones. Thank you very much for such a detailed explanation and we look forward to new content.
This is great man. Serious quality info here.
The direct charge topology is so smart. By using the bettery current as feedback and directly controlling the flyback duty cycle, completing the feedback loop (probably a PI controller). Such high effciency.
Whoaa this is fascinating to watch. I never know how my phone charge so fast. Now I know how complex the charging system is.
This is pure gold. Timeless video, thank you
This video was done really well. Thanks :)
Richtek, you produce damn good products. Unfortunately your products unavailable on retailers around me.
This video is EPIC. Easy to understand! Thanks!
This was incredibly interesting to watch. On an iPhone I noticed very odd charging behavior that I hadn't seen on Android phones before. This video taught me everything about it that I needed to know and more, thank you!
What is it ?
More info about charging the phone to 80 or 90% on affecting battery life... So much knowledge in this video! Thanks!
Years ago a 5v 2.4A (=12W) charger was the top of the art, now we see things above 80W this is crazy
Actually even the best of the best like Nexus 9 tablet were using maximum 5 volts 2 amps out of this. And that's only after you will patch the kernel.
Now 240w
The details in this video is mindblowing
Best video for battery charging ever!
Very informative. Thank you.
Very very detailed video 🔥
Extremely good video about the topic. If I was a circuit designer for power adapters, I'd use the Richtek chips now 😄
Well described:) looking forward to work with your solutions .
Very informative thank you sir
Informative,thanks for sharing
Same same. I normally don't comment much at all.
But this video is brilliant!
I appreciate that !
Well done!
Enlightening video. Seems the charging is a world of it's own.
Your explanation was very well understood Thank you so much for solving many of my confusing issues in this lecture May you have the strength and courage to continue this successful video
Thank you again
Best explanation. Thanks
Amazing work ❤️
A realy great job! Thank you!
Well done and very informative. 👍
USB Charging is incredibly frustrating, it's practically a matter of trial and error hoping you can get a combination of device, cable and charging port that delivers optimal charging speed. I've lost count of how many times I have gone to charge a device and had it slowly discharge instead because something in the chain isn't correct. Thank you for this video though, it really helps demystify what's going on behind the scenes!
thanks for the awesome explaination
Thanks for the info 👍👍
it goes to really complicated started at 16:30 Mind blowing
Thank you, very informative
Video is easy to understand
Thanks you
I am interrested in the different charging standards of Phones. How does VOOC/WarpCharge by Oppo and Oneplus differ from other solitions. What is with the different pins in the connectors? I would like to make my own Type-A to Type-C cable, that also supports VOOC charge.
Great Info , and superb explanation
Brilliant, thanks for the informative video
Thanks for sharing this valuable information ❤️
best video on the topic on the entire platform
Thank you...Very impormative
Hats off to you sir... Thanks..
Professional explanation. Thanks.
Haven't watched but wanted to comment first after reviewing the intro and reading the comments.
This will indeed be the video on battery.
Interesting and easy to follow along. Thank you.
Excellent explanation and demonstration
Thanks
That what i look for
So just geastion
How can i get 12v from usb charger or power bank manaly?
I need your anser
I really enjoyed all this information, may God bless you
God level battery charging and protocol knowledge.
Best explanation of inteligent smart phone battery charger. (from EE)