How to make a High voltage Capacitor
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- Опубликовано: 6 сен 2024
- In today's video, we learn how to make your very own high voltage capacitor, in the video I use 2 sheets of cellulose acetate ( the plastic sheets ) between my 2 metal plates, I think this allows a breakdown voltage of around 7kv, so for that reason, I recommend putting about 3 or 4 in between so that the voltage rating is higher. Also, if the 2 plates are aligned correctly you can get higher capacitances.
If you need help finding the DI-Electric constant for your material, comment below and I'll help you out!
Remember! Though low capacitance relatively, the voltage can easily make up for the total power in joules, so BE SAFE, don't leave a charged capacitor lying around!
This is apparently the original creator of this design, I just found this out, so here is his video from 2011! • How to Make a DIY High...
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Music :
Broke For Free - Night Owl
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
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Twitter: Keyst0neScience
Facebook : / keystonescience
Fact correction, a micro farad is x10^-6 ( i said it was x10^-8 in the video for some reason ) however, this is still 5 nano farads that I calculate
Keystone Science sir, that power supply of yours is quiet weak ,please make a zvs driver
+Mrinal Thakur yeah, I have a zvs driver already, perhaps I should show how to make it
Keystone Science don't show that it's very easy use modified zvs of which schematics I will send you on telegram group
Keystone Science I watched your video of the pocket EMP. It's awesome but I am muddled up with the schematics of the taser EMP when connected to these HV capacitors. Can you please share a detailed schematic? It's really urgent
Great video
Science is great 🐇
Great video! I made it myself and got it to 7nF , also I used 3 sheets in between the plates and it was able to handle a pretty high voltage ! Thanks!
Thanks Nate!
Mine didn't work
@@KeystoneSciencecan I add 2 foils together to increase capacitance?
It seems you used the capacitance formula for a parallel plate capacitor. Wouldn't have been more accurate to use the one for a cylindrical capacitor?
The careless handling of high voltage and lack of safety information was most impressive indeed. "Careful that your eyes don't light up" was what my mom always used to say to warn me, even before my 110 volt hot dog cooker almost electrocuted her one day.
And you use a fountain pen? #SUBSCRIBED
+BADsmith awwweeeee thanks :D
Keystone Science put vaking soda water in the pen write in cursive then hook up the words to high voltage
Kayle Needler up
Dude, I'm not kidding, you literally just got 300 subscribers in like 5 minutes.
Your channel's taking of and I'm proud to be part of it.
+FieryWingedAngel hahah thanks! :D
Keystone Science The pleasure is all mine. :D
I'd like to see 10 of these in series. No reason other than awesomeness
Out of curiosity, why series and not parallel? There's more capacitance in parallel, and which by equation means more energy, thus bigger spark this way right?
@@Sensei-jh8yn voltage gives the sparks I believe.
ur video is good, thx for not spamming bullcrap straight to point
just think if you had a thin film of superinsulating titanium nitride film cooled below it's critical temperature with liquid helium. Then you could hypothetically prepare a very small capacitor with infinite voltage and subsequently unlimited amount of energy to be stored within it.
but keep in mind the production of inifinite energy is impossible because Newton was a huge pp
but the idea is both theoretically "correct" and possible
what form is the energy stored as?
I don't know where you learned this stuff but I swear you must be a genius!
Instructions unclear, my cat is now in the toaster
One of the best videos I have seen on capacitors.
I wonder if graphite lubricant bound smoothly on thin sheets of parchment paper or even scotch tape would make a better capacitor.
That's a Supercapacitor.
cjops yea... graphene super caps aren’t feasible yet, least of all by an amateur backyard scientist
This is the coolest thing I've seen so far today :)
Nice work
Hah :D thank you!!
Wait, are you from Utah as as well?? I just clicked on your channel and saw the Provo power tower demolition video, I was at that as well!! I am from Orem
Keystone Science sweet! Yes, I live in Provo. Find me on FB @phonerepairtrent if you want :)
Always nice to find electronics nerds. I mostly do microsoldering and data recovery on mobile devices, but plan on launching a fundamentals of electronics channel soon. I think using this type of a capacitor video is the perfect method to show how a capacitor can short into a wire, causing a short to ground (if using as a decoupling cap/high frequency filter). Often, the insulator fails and the two plates come in contact. Your cap building method would be a good way to demonstrate how caps can short to ground. 😎
+Rice Is For Dinner awesome!
No I think the EMP generator is the coolest---YOU CAN INSTANTLY SHUT DOWN AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE!!
I just found your channel with your video wich is about the EMPs and i like your style dude continue like that i liked and subscribed :)
Can i add 2 sheets of foil to increase the capacitance?
This is unbelievably cool. I thought you had to use some special chemicals and processes to make capacitors but I guess not! In terms of how big a spark you can get, what is better, to have more plastic between the foil of individual capacitors or to link a greater number of these in series with the least plastic (to have high current)?
Generally its not difficult to make a simple capacitor, making high quality ones however is more difficult
Crikey Crikeys connecting capacitors in series does not add capacitance. The principle is opposite of batteries. To add capacitance, hook them up in parallel.
Correction: The principle is not opposite of batteries. Capacitors in series add voltages. This is the same as batteries. Batteries in series add voltages. Capacitors in parallel add capacitance. Batteries in parallel add current. Hmmmm. Seems like there should be some profound relationship between battery current and capacitor capicatance.
However battery Amp-hours might have a closer relationship to capacitance in joules. No?
Amp-hours and joules: WORK-OVER-a-period-of-TIME ???
I see you used my method of making high voltage capacitors... Difference is, i uploaded my video 5 years ago, as of writing this comment. And i did not explain the math behind the capacitor's, so good on you for doing that.
Oh awesome! I had not seen your video before ( I think I saw this design on an instructables at some point or something ) but I'll link you in the description for credit of design! :D
If this type of capacitor has a much larger capacitance than a typical Leydon Jar, than why is it that in my experience Leydon Jars make much louder and longer sparks? I’m genuinely curious
can you use clear tape instead of cellulose acetate plastic ? good video
solid explanation in short video. great job dude!
can you make a video on what capacitors are and how they work like can i carge it up then disconnect it from everything and it still be dangerous? after a certain amount of time will it just slowy discharge? also i really want to get into building circuits but i dont have a soldering iron or really anything so advice on tools? i have a bunch of scrap curuot boards from a couple laptops and also two fm transmitters i want to make a 'toy' out of but i dont know how so i will definitley stay tuned for any help i can get thnx! gr8 work btw i hope your chanel keeps exploding the way it did recenly
Kayle Needler if you have no clue what you're doing then the last thing you should be doing is playing with capacitors, high voltage or laptop anatomy...that's a really good way to earn a Darwin award! ...btw...electrolytic capacitors ACTUALLY are known to self charge...not discharge...you're thinking about it like it's a battery and you NEED to learn a TON MORE before "buying tools" n becoming a danger to yourself, a danger to someone using your "toy" or killing your family by burning the house down with something you cobbled together with no knowledge of why or how it's working, the math & electrical theory involved or the proper engineering of safety features within a circuit's design. stay alive and get a best buy credit card instead ....at least until you can have a conversation intelligently pertaining to the subject matter I have mentioned above. ....I'm not being a dick...I'm being "for real" ...don't mess with electricity IF you don't have even a basic understanding of various angles that encompass the topic. . . you can VERY easily end up dead or killing someone....trained educated people have died..."'because it only takes one mistake" ...look up "composition of a dead man switch" n find WHY they call it "a dead man switch" ...that topic well teach you about death and at the very least introduce you to "grounding" and if you're smart you'd follow that and spend a ton of time learning about proper grounding and what it does, why it's needed, where it's applied and, why it works, how it works, how it's done etc...what/where/when/why/how EVERYTHING from every angle....if the question pops into head while researching something else, write it down IMMEDIATELY and go back to it when you are finished understanding what you where studying....electricity is not your friend...it will grip you and force you to hold on tight until AFTER you're dead....it should be respected and handled like a live, pissed off venomous cobra...by trained people with knowledge of its behavior and repercussions, with safety gear and a huge respect for what it can do to you in less than a flash of time....n NEVER (especially as a newbie) play with anything labeled "DANGER/HIGH VOLTAGE" or tinker around when no-one is around to help try to save you should you make that "mistake" ....you should by books/education before tools! be safe!
If you're going to buy a soldering iron and solder, get electrical repair solder, and make sure it's rosin core. You should get 60/40 tin to lead ratio. (solder is made of tin and lead) If you disconnect it from everything, capacitors are still dangerous until you discharge them by bridging the two leads. (electrically connecting the wires/metal strips coming out of the capacitor) Be careful, because this may cause a loud pop and shoot sparks. They shouldn't harm you, but obviously get some safety goggles if you don't have some. Make sure your workplace has ventilation, because soldering creates fumes. Get a fume hood, a fan, or just wear a gas mask or something. I remember when I was in your place, I'm extremely happy to help. Happy building!
@@MyBigThing2010 Yes, please sit at home, consult your mommy, eat your vegetables, vote for the KKK Democrats, and NEVER think for yourself! And NEVER take a chance, or try something new! (Oh gosh golly gee, might not be SAFE!)
Simple to follow. Thanks for the clear explanations and demonstration.
if you want to make it higher voltage use polyethylene flooring underlayment. it has a higher dielectric constant than acetate.
Hi - I built some of these with overhead projector sheets (acetate I think), 2x4 mil spacing, that's 8 mil or about 0.2mm. They can take 10kV easily. But I don't understand, the dielectric strength is 11kV / mm, so I should only be able to hold about 2kV. Any ideas, or is my calculation wrong? Thanks!
Love the Pilot Metropolitan and the Nspire. I'm a 13 year old fountain pen and graphing calculator addict ;)
But would the superinsulator experience phase transition upon exposure to a higher voltage? Even then, you could still make a very thin capacitor
Cool video
congrats on the fast growing channel
+The Real Damon Jackson (GalliumMercuride) thank you!
Thank you for putting this up & the calks ....... shame about the music , your information is important , the music is not . So , 1 ) you don ' t need to roll it ? it could just stay flat ? How big would you be happy to go ?
This 5nf vs ceremic hv 5nf cap so what's makes 2nd one so compact ? Is that carbon current collector based just like supercaps??
If you were to add more sheets would you just add the neutral wire to the last sheet you place down?
will the caps work if im using ordinary plastic?
because I don't have the access to that type plastic
instead of cellulose acetate?
I love you for these videos.
Just found your channel - I’m in love
Thanks for the video but you under estimated the capacitance by a factor of 100 cause the vacuum permittivity is 8.85 to the power of -12; not -14 as stated in the video.
Where did you get that fountain pen? Haven't seen one of those in many years. So please give us a rough guide on the size of capacitor necessary to start a common v-6 engine. And also give us the size of capacitor which could start a air conditioner, if you can make the voltage a/c.
Wow. Amazing. Now that I've watched for a third time... Great video. I honestly can't wait for the next video. I hope I can get my videos to this level!
It's really cool, isn't it, to see these ideas "connect up" with everyday things? Vacuum tubes are similarly easy to "grok." Much less sophisticated physics than transistors.
Dude, you're just awesome. Thanks for doing these.
Is the clear layer on the outside (first layer on the table) conducive to capacitance? or is just convienient to wrap the thing up? It seems to be outside of the phenomena.
Thanks,
--sc
How would you increase the capacitance? Can you keep adding aluminum foil sheets?
I think that would just lower the resistance. Try making the capacitor bigger
Can these caps handle high frequency? I used these for a Tesla coil and I got it to work for a while then it burned through 10 layers of plastic page protectors I used for my caps. I have a fly back transformer with a ZVS driver it puts out a high frequency. So I put one of the electrodes in one of the pages layered 10 plastic page protectors and set the other electrode on top and it didn’t burn through. Why is the capacitor burning up? If anyone know that would be great and great video
It's not the high frequency you have to worry about with capacitors. It's the back EMF (voltage) from your coil that got you. The dude in this video estimates this capacitor can handle 7KV, which is a very, very small Tesla coil.
Is that a Montblanc I see in your hand?
i have put 2 aluminum pice and a diyelectric sheet
i dont know
after a while i will make another one and tested it
thnaks bro
You can wet the film with some electrolyte too. That should make for a greater surface area, as the aluminium plates aren't 100% smooth.
I would like to make a big capacitor for use in a mains capacitive dropper arc welder. I suppose it will be huge, since the capacity should be at least 220uF for a 2.5mm stick. But just how big and heavy would that be?
Never mind, I calculated it would be about 44000 times bigger. That's impossibly big.
I'm loving your channel!
guys take constant as 8.825 x 10 Power -12 it will help u better
Great video! Can you make a 1uf capacitor with a breakdown voltage of 4000V?
Would you be able to make a high voltage tesla coil with a 400kv or 1000kv high voltage generator it would be awesome. Your videos are really entertaining and very educational, keep it up
Will it be correct if we calculate capacitance by the formula C=e.A/d-(1-1/k)t. (My keyboard doesn't have the epsilon symbol so I replaced it with e)
loved the video, nice fountain pen, and u have a new subscriber.
hi there, great channel, why does the wire have to be on the opposite side of the previous one? i have seen others put it on the same side? is it safer or more effective?
I think it just basically keeps the wires from being too close together once it is all rolled up. If the wires get too close, there could be a spark between the two wires, which would discharge the capacitor before you ever got to use it.
Genius! This has 2 layers of foil. Is it possible to make one with more layers of foil? How would you do it and what would the effect be.
Carl Carrano no it wouldnt be possible
You could - but I think rolling it up already gives a similar effect, giving alternate layers of + and - foil electrodes
Are you in Utah? Would like to collab on a project.
can u tell me how to make using a 220 V ac 50 Hz source i.e. the voltage that is present in my home circuits
Why capacitance is lowered when we add two sheets of dielectric, I mean we're adding more dielectric should it not ADD UP the capacitance ??
Plz can you explain... Thnx
Yes, the dielectric is increased, but at the same time the distance in increased. When we work through the formulas, we find that the distance has a larger effect than the dielectric constant per meter. Thus, for this material, placing more sheets lowers the capacitance.
HI could you please help me. I brought x2 102k ceramic Capacitor would i be able to use this for the emp or do i need more powerful Capacitor?
That will work for emp
Shouldn't the electric constant be 10^-12 rather than 10 ^-14 ?
how do you know the voltage that can be received by a capacitor? how is the formula?
Is the capacity bigger when you use a bigger sheed of foil?
That is the kind of question I am asking here. In practical terms, what are the practical ways such capacitors can be used?
does it have to be cellulose acetate? or can I use any kind of plastic sheet?
Hi, what is the name of that thing that you use for measure the capacitance ? Regards
He's using a LCR meter (UYIGAO UA6243L) set to capacitance (F)...so any capacitor meter should give you the basics. However you also need to pay attention to the ESR value of the capacitor, to high and you might as well be working with a resistor! So, if you want to measure a capacitor properly, get a capacitor meter that has ESR capabilities, cheap Chinese junk like this goo.gl/jDYW8g will work ok. ~Jack, VEG
@ 3:40 is that a kink or break in the wire insulation on the red wire? Almost looks like it was about to short itself against the body of the high voltage transformer. Yikes!
I find myself wondering if you could use layers of HDPE shopping bags in place of the plastic sheets you used in the video.
+Nathan Olmstead yes that should work fine!
+Nathan Olmstead although I don't know what the DI-electric constant is for shopping bags
Keystone Science it doesnt really matter unless you need to know it for the priject like if i want to shock someone i dont need to... actually i might want to make sure its not lethal... this could get bad very fast
ı am from turkey and i like this videos thanks for it
Could i use plastic wrap or anyother household items?
also paper would work
TheTrollingHACKER paper with oil
Would lamenting sheets work???
So the more sheets in between (projector plastic) the more the capacitor can handle?
+that guy jae yep! Sorry I didn't respond earlier, I fell asleep
do i have to use cellulose acetate
any chance u could get a better camera? good vids, but audio is weird. subbed
how long is the sheet and what is the pore size?
This is amazing!!! Thank you!!
What if we use more than one aluminium sheet..?
Could you use the film from a laptop screen?
Love your channel
Hi, how to buy high voltage supply ? Thanks
Man this is a genial ideea . I can use this with my apark gap tesla coil thanks!
WHAT KIND OF WIRING DID YOU USE?
where did you buy the high power source(25kv)?? or did you make it?
He made it
Can u use paper instead of plastic
I learned a lot. Thanks
What are those sheets called? I cannot find them anywhere on ebay
+Scotlahn Mccallister I'm using overhead transparency film in this because that's what I had lying around, however you can pretty much use any plastic sheet for this, just google the dielectric constant, and voltage break down so you can calculate how many layers you need :D
keep up the good work
Tryina do something like this for a tesla coil
That energy equation is exactly like the Kinect energy equation
The funny thing is, you can find that equation everywhere throughout physics
Will this kill my 3.8v 3000mah phone?
hi,
it looked like you put three layer of plastik between the aluminum sheets but one one below it and on top of it. if you roll it there will be three sheets between them but only TWO sheets between the other sides of the aluminum! gives you the voltage limint of two sheets with less capacity!
The thicker the dielectric, the higher the breakdown voltage. He is just doing the same thing as putting the capacitors in series, it raises the voltage limit but has less capacitance
I think you are right! If he were to leave them flat, it wouldn't matter. But the bottom side (with one sheet over it) gets rolled over and touches the top side (also with one sheet over it). So he would indeed only have the dialectric protection of two sheets (lower top voltage possible), but is only gaining a little bit more capacitance (because of the thinner two-sheet barrier between them). He should add one more sheet to either the top or the bottom in order to actually get the full three sheets of dialectric protection. The third sheet he has in place here only diminishes capacitance but does not acheive a higher voltage, since the weak link of the two-sheet barrier will always be the limiting factor. I believe you are correct.
it seems these kind of videos have a phobia of telling us how many volts and amps these things produce and for how long
hey can you tell me how can i charge my mobile phone using the capacitor of suitable voltage.
Don't it will try ur mcircuits
are using electrical tape or does it not matter
make more capacitors and join them in combination please
microfarad is symbolized as μF, not mF
Can we use old microwave HV capcitor ?
You can, but they're super dangerous. If you discharge it into your hand, you'll likely continue life with one hand or not at all.
So how many volt was it?
am i able to use copper wire to hook up the the aluminum sheets? and use wax paper to seperate the foil?
+madz bush yeah that should work! Although I'm not sure what the breakdown voltage, and dielectric constant is of wax paper
ok, thanks! so, i admit, im kind of lazy, so do you know anything i can use instead of the plastic you used in the vidoe?
+madz bush haha fair enough xD, besides plastic, you could even use glass, distilled water, air, a vacuum, ceramic... Yeah ! Mainly those are what I've seen used
okay, thank you!
How does the one you built handle a 10 mil volt taser if i were to use said taser as the spark generator for the emp video?
+that guy jae if it was actually 10 million volts, it would break down near instantly. However I have never seen something that is 10 million volts except for Maybe a giant Tesla coil... ( through air, a 10 million volt taser could arc about 3.3 meters, as in average the break down of air is 3kv per 1mm ) really most tasers are around probably 50-60 kilo volts. So yeah, if the manufacture claims something outside of that range, be very skeptical.
Okay thank you so what would the typical taser (50 to 60 kilo volts) require for the emp? With the capacitors shown in the video above? Im not too wise on the equations and such.
+that guy jae hmm, so the higher the capacitance, greater the pulse will be, so for the capacitors , making them high enough voltage rated would probably require about 6 sheets in between is what I would guess, you can look up the thickness of the sheet, and also the dielectric breakdown of the material to determine how many sheets you would need to ensure it wouldn't fail, and then using the dielectric constant and the equation I showed in the video, you can calculate how much capacitance each one would have, then you can link the capacitors in parallel to get a higher capacitance. But, also as far as I know, the output on a taser is low in current, so it would take a while to charge up a lot of capacitors.
Keystone Science im sorry i honestly dont really understand alot of what you stated.
That's a cool pen.
can it start motor?
from where will we get cellulose acetate sheet
you can use paper
Really interesting.