33:56 Katyń was even more dramatic than it sounds. Most of people killed in Katyń were officers of army. People who before the war were: doctors, teachers, engineers, musicians etc. Basicaly, it was the execution of the group of highly educated specialists, which Poland will be missing after the war...
16:40 The Insurrection was led by Tadeusz Kościuszko who participated in the American Independence War on the side of Americans. He helped you win your independence but sadly failed to win Poland its independence back. 20:50 Funnily enough Poland is probably the only country that could give Napoleon good advice because Poland Did hold Moscow for a while.
Tadeusz Kościuszko zabłysnął w Ameryce bo był wyśmienitym inżynierem i budował świetne fortyfikacje, w Polsce musiał prowadzić bitwy w polu i podejmować konkretne decyzje co najlepiej mu nie wychodziło w całym rezultacie ale przemawiało to że widział powstanie zaczynające się od najniższych warstw w górę gdzie reszta postrzegała jako od szlachty w dół. Samo powstanie nie miało wymiaru odzyskania niepodległości z rąk zaborcy a zmyć chańbę tamtego pokolenia, tak bynajmniej sam tłumaczył Kościuszko.
Poland was actually the bastion of religious tolarence. While many religious leaders in western Europe kept on killing eachother, Poland actually adapted "Warsaw Confederation" in 1573 (4 years after 2 nation Commonwealth was created). Due to instability that it may have caused, I do get why my fellow Poles are quite xenophobic, they see the immigration crisis in western Europe and they don't want to go through it again
Xenophobe is your fear of others that are foreign to your country. Not wanting riots and fights in streets from people that aren't naturally born or adept in such a country is not xenophobia, it's common sense and protection of one's culture. Call it patriotism.
@@Har1ByWorldwestern cities became 3rd world thanks to open minded diversity also main reason why Poland fell was rich foreginers didnt give a fxxxx about who they pay taxes to so no money for polish army from magnats resulted in partitions
10:18 *Yes, the Romans had the first Senate, but the Poles had the first Parliament called "Sejm" read "Seym", and it counts more as a democracy, but paradoxically it was the reason for our downfall because no one predicted that in the new form of government Corruption would be grow so fast...*
Actually polish spelling is very simple, it is a phonemic language, so writing is very tightly related to sound in contrast to to languages like english where one letter can be pronounced differently depending where it is placed in the word or depending on origin of given word (for example G in game, geography, genre). There are around 40 phonemes (sounds) in Polish and since latin alphabet has only 26 letters (including V and X that are not used in Polish) additional letters with diacritic were added to polish alphabet so each letter can be related to single sound. Also what confuses most english speakers are sounds represented by double letters like sz or cz (but those are literally equivalent of english sh and ch) and a fact that different letters are related to different sounds than in English (for example W sounds like english V). But when you learn how to pronounce that 40 phonemes (and it takes like few hours) you basically can pronounce any word in polish language. Grammar is completely different thing, with some rules having no logic, and being used because of some archaic concepts that sometimes are no used for few centuries.
the Polish language has probably the worst adaptation of the latin alphabet to a slavic language. All those letter pairings are a mess. Czech does a much better job. Even Cyrillic has a single letter for what in Polish is spelled "szcz".
Speaking of your comment of "why do uprising in January?", this decision was made because we feared so called "branka", that is conscription to Russian army, which in this moment was planned in January. It wouldn't be the end of the world if it was for a year or two. The thing is, branka meant conscription for decades, like up to 50 years old, when there would be little to no risk the man would join the uprising. That's also why we have a saying "once a Russian year", that is something that happens VERY rarely.
@@arkadiuszkrasicki5478 jaką cyrylice? Ja mam niemiecką klawiature fizyczną a w telefonie ustawioną polską, i to jakiej używam jest zależy od używanego w danej chwili urządzenia
As a Pole... 1:06 - that's from a famous Polish movie trilogy called "How I unleashed 2nd world war". If you ever want to do movie reactions/reviews definitely give that one a go. It's hilarious. 8:00 - no, it's very unlikely it's gonna be brought back. Lithuanians especially were not very happy about that period of time and the other two Baltic countries deserve their independence. Belarus... well the funny potato man recently does some warming up to Poland. Ukraine? We're close friends, but due to past scars it'd be best if we wouldn't open them again. As for parts that are right now in Russia. I hope for an independent Kaliningrad and rest are free real estate 10:00 - the nobility elected the king for life. After the Kings death, rather then his son inherit the throne, nobles choose the next guy. Worked well for centuries, but due to... veto power it all went down eventually. That's why I'm surprised why Polish people now are so supportive for the veto right in the EU. Anyway, in 1776, when the USA declared it's independence only about 3% of it's population could vote if my memory's correct. For Poland at that time it was 10% of the population. 11:30 it was not nationalism. It was due to the nobility becoming too greedy and powerful compared to the king and the state, putting their needs before the needs of the Commonwealth. Keep in mind Springtime of Nations was in 1848, over a decade after Poland was gone. 16:00 One thing worth noting here is about Tadeusz Kościuszko. It was a Polish noble, that took part in the American Revolution. His ideas were much more radical at the time (openly anti-slavery, wanted more people to vote, respected Indians and apparently gave Little Turtle two guns to "defend against anybody who tries to conquer them"). Later tried desperately to save the Commonwealth, but in the end failed. Though it would be interesting to see how history would go, if his radical views were implemented in Poland much sooner. 38:00 Fun fact about those elections. Officially the Polish Workers Party (the communists) won. But in actuality the democratic opposition - the Polish Socialist Party won, making them anti-communist opposition, until forced unification (that's the United in the later Polish United Workers Party), making the socialists illegal opposition right up until 1989. Until Solidarność become a thing they were th main force for strikes and protests in Poland. 41:00 fun fact. Solidarność still exists. Though now it's... weird and in some sense a bit controlled by one of our two main parties. Oh the irony...
Gotta say that part of the video is kinda jarring to me. I'm talking about "the Golden Age" part. Mostly because he just skips the golden age. I mean, he did skip almost all of medieval Polish history other than the first two historic rulers and the marriage between Jadwiga and Jogaila. It's also kinda weird how talks about that marriage (1386) and skips right to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (established 1569). The whole period between those two dates is the Jagiellon period, the end of which is what we consider the golden age. It's thanks to the second-to-last Jagiellon king subjugating the Teutonic order and securing peace and security for the country and his son bringing renaissance to it through his Italian wife, Bona Sforza. Of course, then he goes back to talk about the crusade of Varna (1444), which did happen in the Jagiellon period, so I guess he just confused the Polish-Lithuanian union for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. I do understand making a simplified overview, but this is just weird. Also, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is NOT the golden age of Poland. It was a period of constant warfare and decline. It's most commonly referred to as the silver age as this was the time when the Commonwealth could really flex its muscles, but it is wholly inferior in terms of relative wealth and stability compared to the late Jagiellon period. I guess this is the most romanticised period because of all of those wars as well as the idea of so-called "golden liberty of the nobles", but anyone who knows even a bit about Poland's history will tell you it's not all that great.
It is tht great. Poland union with linhuania was rhe greatest extent and tbey wanted a eastern empire along with ukraine however ukraine instead wanted to be slaves to the tsar instead
Actually, Poland had the only successful invasion of Russia from the West. During the Russian time of troubles after the death of Ivan the Terrible, heavy Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth invaded Russia and put a pretender on the throne, who was married to a Polish princess. The problem is that the pretender converted to Catholicism and started to try to impose Catholicism on the Orthodox country which was a leap to ruin. The Russian nobility and clergy rebelled, while Poland was founding off an invasion and we got the Romanov dynasty. The problem was that in the 17th century, Poland had to deal with the 30 years war spilling over into them as well as a continuous struggle between Poland and Sweden because they were both ruled by the same family and temporarily by the same person. Had Sweden been Catholic, there could have been a personal union but the Protestant Swedes did not want to be controlled by Catholics. So sweet and became independent again under the uncle of the Polish Lithuanian King and then the two countries fought constantly over the Baltics. Sweden and Poland both thought it would be useful to have a friend in Brandenburg Prussia, which created the kingdom of Prussia. And Russia was allowed to expand, while the Cossacks were rebelled. Fun times for Poland.
4:10 Generaly it's said that Slavs originate from Polesia/Polesie (Literally land covered in trees. Not to confuse with Polana, open field which is word Poland took its name), it's a region in southern Belarus and northern Ukraine
@@metanoian965 All Indoeuropeans comes from step over Caucasus moutains, this is a place were Indians and Persians splitted from European people that goes west instead of east finally settling even in Portugal and British Isles.
Poland is that country that keeps getting bullied and everyone knows they have the potential to be dangerous if they ever put their backs into defending themselves. It’s like the country has Underdog Status
Before 966 Poland did exist, as a Slavic state, there are remnants of towns, Slavic idols to Perun, Devana, etc. and other things before then, most things like we know from Russia (which let's remember was mostly originally Slavic before Rurik the Rus' came along), were built of wood, but still there is evidence of Polish existence before 966.
Supposbly not rus .rus was made from vikings .more like slavs from Kiev even though the polish legend tells of 3 brothers rus pol and kiv and the 3 slav brothers went their way. Also the polish believed they came from sarmations.
"Poland" as "Poland" didn't exist. Yes, there was political organisation but 966 is the point at which the centralised state was established. It's like that everywhere. You wouldn't say Germany existed in times of Goths just because they were ethnically similar and have also had political organisation. The big centralised State that controls the whole area is very different from local cheefdoms and smaller structures.
1:46 thats not Sargon. Sargon's famous mask is made of bronze. The name of this particular statue is not known. However in modern Meme culture it is atributed to EA-Nasir a copper merchant, known for quality, trust and ethical buisiness practices, who never scammed anyone what so ever.
His history videos are just great. I'd recommend watching his video on the history of Romania, as well as his video on Gypsies and their history. Especially the latter one, it's very interesting as usually the history of Gypsies is quite unknown, it's not taught in schools (in Europe at least) at all.
For context, (idk I'm just sure I know him by personality alone) He looks uncomfortable, and him being bad at acting can't hide it well. So I'm very sure (with the assumption that's his house and his daughter in the background) that a fan self invited themselves upon his property to film him and maybe ask for a selfie and autograph!
I kid you not, one of my superiors in the FFL was Sergent Major PSZCZOLA... when I first got to his section, you have to introduce yourself (very militarily and say who's combat section you were in), apart from the Poles, not one single person in the whole regiment knew how to pronounce his name correctly first time.
39:45 Thanks for acknowledging that the break-up of communist block started in Poland. Usually people point at the Berlin wall falling over. I remember seeing East Germans on Polish TV weaving flags with a round holes cut of in the middle - as a part of a report of Germany's unification. This would be impossible to see if Poland was still under communist regime at the time.
The most painful thing about the end of WW2 to Poland was that we were basically just left to Russia by Churchill and his friends. Heck, Germany(!) got so much money from USA after starting the fcking war and loosing and we did not even get a single penny from Germans till this day. We had to rebuild all the cities with our shit economy etc and Germans just got the money from USA its insane.
11:30 Polish golden age didn't end because of internal struggle between different cultures, like Yugoslavia. It was straight up bribes and abuse of laws, creating bureaucratic gridlocks everywhere, and the country kinda fell apart.
23:57 Yes, it is a fact - Jews were coming to Poland because of tolerance and freedom. Later it changes, partially because Jew community changed. Jews were recognised as good as they were "older brothers". In 19th century with ateisation of Jewish community and its artists - often doing jobs in 'immoral' industry like cabaret, burlesque or movies. When Poland lost its independence after WW2 tons of top-tier communist party members were Jews. Then in 1968 there was an inner clash between Jewish and Polish members. Jewish fraction lost. Was exiled. And imagine what they were - former members of atheistic antinationalist party - saying to immigration officers in USA or Israel. 'Poles are antisemitic, they rid us from their land because they are backword and religious". Priest Chrostowski recorded in Jerusalem an fiery meeting with such "emmigrant", who couldn't stand that Poles came to Israel with Polish Catholic priest as mentor.
13:11 Cossacks wouldn't mind being Polish King subjects... what they didn't want was the law. Cossacks were free people: descendant of people who lived here for generations, but also peasants that run off from their noble, also some nobles, who had death sentences on their heads and chose to roam in vast lands of Ukraine... But all these people were free. They didn't have any lord above them. What made Cossacks rebel was the law, which stated, that any unregistered Cossack, will be treated as a peasant (which basicaly ment slave in XVII century Commonwealth). Main problem was the size of register. Registered Cossacks were soldiers that were loyal to King. King was paying them and since nobles blocked raising new taxes, king wasn't able to provide enough cash for bigger register... as a result probably only 10-20% of Cossacks that would want to regster as regular soldier, were able to... others, seeing themselves being pushed from freemen into slaves, rebelled to keep their freedom... Also powerfull local nobles, often went to conflict with Cossacks -> claiming their lands as their own. Threating them as peasants living on lords land. Demanding serfdom etc. Russia saw opportunity to weaken Poland and supported Cossacks in their fights for independence... just to conquest them few years/decades later :/
4:13 There is a channel in Polish by a Polish historian Wielka Historia That have a video Genetyka nie wyjasnia pochodzenia slowian In it it says that genetically slavs didnt displaced autochtons, just local people adopted slavic ways of live
20:40 Poniatowski and some other commanders actually advised Napoleon to go through Ukraine, stay there for the winter and use the time to build a proper Lithuanian army, reinforce the Polish army with Ukrainians and Poles living there, create the proper supply lines etc. Of course today we know that this was the only sensible thing to do, but I imagine for Napoleon first thought was that the Poles just want to rebuild the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth lol
Slavs originate from Polessya region which is on the border of modern day Belarus and Ukraine, from Kyiv to eastern edges of Poland. Basically the Pripyat river basin.
25:54 Copernicus was a Pole of German origin, though he himself was fiercely loyal to Poland and even led a defence of a castle against the Teutonic Knights once.
20:46 They actually did. They told him to do it after winter. Józef Poniatowski, which was mentioned before, advised to go south, where climat was warmer and they were granaries of Russia. He also argued that with weaken south, Turkey can also attack Russia, which would divide russian army.
11:50 that wasn't the case in terms of the Commonwealth. The problem was that nobles didn't want to expand their right to new groups which rebelled as a result.
31:40 - there is an exaggeration that Piłduski "ruled with an iron fist" - while it's correct that he lead a coup d'etat, after it's success he held no political office other than honorary one; like back in 1918-1921 period, when he lead an army, but left politics and diplomacy to his political rivals. Piłsudski certainly was a spiritual father to a significant part of few generations, but his dislike towards politics and offices kept him away from official positions of power. He never chose to fight for a position of a Prime Minister or President, democratically or not. He saw himself as a figure that will make tough decisions, lead the nation through a turmoil, reset the whole political system if needs be - but after that, he left the governance to the others. And while his party certainly ruled with an iron fist - He did not.
44:36 Not by playing video games, but by writing video games. Have you heard of, say, the "Witcher" series or "Cyberpunk 2077"? The IT sector is very dynamic in Poland, accounting for about 4% of Polish GDP and growing. For perspective, think about how many times you've seen a Polish truck on the road; international transport generates about 6% of Polish GDP.
10:06 It's a bit complicated. In fact, the King had a completely different position and prerogatives than other European monarchs of his time. De facto he was a kind of "president for life" with a rather representative and executive function, since legislation belonged to the parliament. But the clue is that it was an elective monarch, and every nobleman had the right to vote, which was quite egalitarian at that time
4:00 slavs are a tribal culter shered betwe divrent people. This culture origunatet from tribes located betewen todays borders of belerus ukrain and Poland. Its hard to lear about slavs becouse they dont write on paper or stone but on wood, all texts hav been destroyed only woden scolpers, tools and wepons survived
6:00 "cool yet scary sound" and it's just Coco Jambo 😂 Also one thing that hurts me about the Warsaw Uprising a lot that wasn't mentioned in the video - the fighters were mostly kids. Some literally but a lot of them were the fresh graduates of the 1st generation to be born in free Poland (18-20-year-olds). The realization hurts a lot more now that I'm older and can't fathom what horrors these kids had to face. Like, "Stones for the Rampart" for me read like a fictional novel back in middle school, it did not hit me that it was basically a story of the author's fellow fighters.
9:51 this "dark thing you didn't want to go into" is Olympic gold medalist wrestler (won while having a broken neck somehow) and later professional wrestler Kurt Angle, in his Perc Angle phase of simultaneously being the deepest into his painkiller addictions and certified suplex machine madman in the ring. we were all deeply unsettled by the soullessness of his eyes and deeply concerned about his health. both his own wife and the WWE actually let him go in this era because they didn't want his life subscription to expire on their watch (the latter which, considering they never care about the well being of their employees otherwise, is A Statement). he is ok now, allegedly but also seemingly from the outside looking in. tl;Dr got famous not knowing physically when to quit, which is impressive as a one off but terrifying as an entire life and career choice.
Once I was standing at tramway station in SIlesia*. And older woman came to me and said: - You know, there was a brothel for Soviets... Here, in this building. Only Russians can go in. Then suddently she bcame silent and go out. * There was na Upper Silesian Tragedy, when for Soviets, entering this regio every man was workforce and a woman... Because names sound German.
4:04 As for origin of Slavs... modern historic theories look at Slavs more as a culture group, than ethnic group... Slavic culture developed somewhere in Eastern/Central Europe and spread through the lands and many ethinc groupd adapted it, including somewhat similiar language... so... most of Slavs in 8th-10th century, were ancestors of people who lived in same territory for previous centuries... As for catalysts that made Slavic culture bloosom, there are at least these factors: 1. fall of Western Roman Empire and a result colapse of trade with empire 2. migration of various tribes 3. environmental changes that could influence how people lived (Slavic houses where small, easy to build, easy to deconstruct and build them elsewhere) Also, with Christianity becoming major religion in Western Europe, Central/Eastern Europe became main source of slaves to trade. During Western Roman Empire, slaves were comming from different lands, including later Frank and German lands. That changed with establishment of French and German realms and most of slaves traded in Mediterran Area were Slavs (hence that where word "slave" has its origins... Roman word for slave was: "servus" and in trade books you could see word servus followed by orgin/ethnic description of slave... as time went by, word servus disappered and trade books have records of trading Slavs...which later became a word for slave). Slavery was such profitable businness that most early Slavic lords took part in it- selling captured neighbours. One of biggest Slave trade centers was in Prague (from there "living goods") were transported to Venice/Genoa or Andalusia, mostly to be sold to Muslim countries.
Polish lintuania commonwealth was the coolest union before the usa. It was a eastern european power with lots of democracy although crippled by it aswell. Gota give props to them as they had enemies on all side. North south west and east and actually stayed and prospered. No other empire or country had as many brutal enemies on all sides. Russia only grew after it stole land after swedes attacked it and so on...also yes the polish commonwealth was suppose to come back after ww1 but ww2 happened and many countries rather wanted indepanace instead even though they got taken over by the wolves .the naive eastern countries did not want it
20:45 General Poniatowski advised Napoleon against entering the originally Russian territories. Instead, he proposed fighting on the territory of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, i.e. today's Belarus and Ukraine. He knew that in these areas he would be able to supply the army and the people would be more favorable. Unfortunately, Napoleon ignored him
Westward of PRL (Polish People Republic) in 19945 is called "Ziemie Odzyskane" ("Regained lands"), colonised mostly with people from 'Lost Lands': 'Kresy Wschodnie', 'East borders'.
Good work. Glad Polska is getting some love. Not the easiest place for existence thanks to geography, but certainly character building though! They've a history of being some of it not the best troops when fighting alongside allies in their armies. For WW2 I would have highlighted the crucial early work on the Enigma machine, the incredible pilots during the Battle of Britain, and the destroyer Piorun that seemed to want to sink the Bismarck all by itself.
20:58 The thing is that Poland has captured and controlled Moscow for a few years in the early 17th century. With a much, much smaller army. So, I am guessing that most of the soldiers thought that Napoleon could do it as well. There are also some mentions, I think, of prince Józef Poniatowski (the GOAT) advising other Napoleon's generals NOT to invade in winter. I might be wrong tho.
I also find semi-mythical origin story of Poles, Czechs and Kievan Rus' (early Russians, Ukrainians, etc.) really interesting. The mythical 3 brothers who went out hunting and split up. Lech, who founded the Poles, went north. Čech who founded the Czechs (and by extension all of the West Slavs other than the Poles) went west. Rus' went east and founded the East Slav tribes who united under the Scandinavian Viking family of the Varangian prince Rurik to form the Kievan Rus'. Purely mythical, as founding myths are, but still entertaining. It was told in the Wielkoposka Chronicle, a history of the founding of Poland written sometime in the 13th century.
4:12 I must say that I am not a historian and my knowledge on this topic comes mostly from podcasts and Wikipedia, but I will tell you as much as I know, it is difficult to clearly determine where we Slavs came from, as most of Europeans, we are a people descended from the Proto-Indo Europeans, according to a random guy from the Internet (me... as I said don't trust me I'm not historian), we are one of the peoples who emigrated from the area of today's Iran to the north, we passed between the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea until we found ourselves in the upper and middle Dnieper basin (that is, halfway from Moscow to Vitebsk in Belarus and 100 km north). This is where what can be verified on Wikipedia begins. After the destruction of the Gothic state by the Huns in 375, which occupied vast areas from the Carpathian slopes and the lower Danube in the west to the Dnieper in the east, it was possible for Proto-Slavic groups to move from the area of the middle and upper Dnieper basin to a much more attractive area (both due to favorable conditions). for farming, as well as due to the proximity of the Byzantine Empire) the areas of today's western Ukraine and Moldova. Slavic settlements in this period (late 5th - early 6th centuries) could have reached the territory of today's Poland to the upper Vistula line, as is clear from Jordanes' account, as well as from archaeological sources. The next stage of the migration of the Slavs to the south became possible after the destruction of the Hunish kaganate in 454. Then the Slavs moved to the northern bank of the lower Danube, i.e. to the border of the Empire. In the years 518-527 the Antes invaded Byzantium, then their name disappears from historical records. In the years 549-550 the Sklavins devastated almost the entire Balkan Peninsula. In 551 they defeated the army of Justinian I near Adrianople. The arrival of the Avars in this zone around the year 558 changed the situation of the Slavs, who were subjugated to the nomads. Further expansion of the Slavs southwards took place until 626 as part of the Avar-Slavic invasions. Then, the direction of migration to the north-west became more attractive, along the arc of the Carpathians to the lands of today's Poland (second half of the 6th century) and further to the areas located on the Elbe in today's eastern Germany (early 7th century).
4:05 essentially the generall accepted theory of it which is conaidered truth is that all came from Caucassus and then split to 3 groups,one to make South slavs,others to make Russians,Ukrainians and Belaruss,and west which are Polish,Czechs Slivaks and Sorbs
According to the old theory they came from the Asiatics, in hilly terrain, (I don't remember exactly where), coming over to Europe and eventually for the origins in Europe settling in the Carpathians and eventually growing larger, getting split up into the north, south, east and west slaves, where according to the accumulation of empires nearby they changed the languages, nearing the start of the 10th century, the Germanic tribes decided to conquer Slavic settlements in Germany and tried moving forwards hence the reason for the adoption of Christianity, however, those are from books on Polish history from before WWII not to mention WWI, (best for covering the uprisings etc.) so for the new one I have no idea, however that's the answer for the old one, from Asia, hence being Indo-European. (Reason why I said it was "somewhere in Asia" is only because I read it some time ago and forgot the name but remembered the full facts which I read)
As for the destruction of Warsaw during the uprising, you probably didn't know about it, but after the war, in order for a child to receive a school leaving certificate, he or she had to bring a certain amount of money for the reconstruction of the capital. My mother had to pay such tribute (sorry, but there is no other way to call it) to get a school leaving certificate in the 1960s. By that time, the buildings bombed by the Germans had long been rebuilt. In those years, office buildings were already being built, which, incidentally, I might add, were demolished a few years ago...
Imagine living in Poland, going to work and trippig on somethingonly to pick it up and for it to be a lebel (french) bayonet from 1880s in pristine condition just laying under some moss in the mountains. 😂 Thats what over 1000 years of history looks like 😀
11:45 nationalism wasn't a thing until Commonwealth collapsed... also Polish nationalism is what allowed polish identity to survive for 123 years without their own country... especialy during Rusification and Germanisation periods in Russia and Prussia respectively... During the existence of Commonwealth, nation wasn't a thing -> you were a subject of one or another monarch and that what was defining your position, other than the social class you were in. For exampled: most of peasants didn't care/know who their king was, they were subjects of a local noble (or a church representative: bishop, or head monk from local monastery) and they were their masters.
Recently I read about genetic research on former inhabitants of Poland. They somewhat contradict what was said in the film. DNA from thousands of years ago is very similar to later DNA, e.g. medieval and even modern. So the conclusion is that most of the "Slavics" did not come to these areas, but have been inhabiting them continuously for a long time (with some changes and additions of "new blood")
Yes. So far seems like it. And the migrators did not stay long but, passed through to the West. There is little evidence that Germanics travelled Westwards. Their MO is always to move East. All indications are that Germs arrived on the Atlantic coast, moving North then South. Then East claiming for themselves Slavic words / place names. But, historians are Frankfurt schooled so this is a big taboo idea.
10:16 more like oligarchic monarchy... as those who had any power in country were: elected King and nobles... townsfolk were under law protection, but peasantry... especialy become more and more dependend from their lords. Process that started somewhere in XVI century... accelerated after Swedish Invasion to Poland and basicaly brought more than 70% of population into such hostile serfdom, that it basicaly can be called slavery... most of Poles by the end of XVIII century were Slaves in their own country. Nobles strengthen their position during the Jagiellonian dynasty (Golden Age mentioned earlier) as each ruler from this dynasty gave nobles new privilliges to the point that King was somewhat unable to act without agreement of nobles (he could declare war by himself, but he wouldn't be able to raise extra taxes for war without nobles permission)
Thing about Russia/RI that ppl tend to get wrong is attributing imperial/tyrannical ambition to eastern/Asian influence while in fact it was almost always exact opposite. Ivan the Terrible wanted to be like Roman emperor, like Caesar, so he even promoted the idea that Ruric was German (Holy roman empire). Peter the Great as you've mentioned - visited Europe, wanted to implement what was hot in the Europe at that time. Catherine II - Princess Sophie Augusta Frederica von Anhalt-Zerbst - 100% Prussian, not only by blood but by culture and education. She and her successors were absolutists - also very trendy in europe at that time. Alexander 1 not only was a part of pan European anti-napoleonic coalition. Arguably only the Nicolas 1 was somewhat different in the line of RI rulers as he was nationalist and was rather strongly against ideas that happened in Europe at the time of his reign. But then once again, the whole communist/socialist idea was western, not Asian in any shape or form
@Lady in 2:15 -- from Czech Republic, not from Poland. @Geography in 3:20 -- well... I don't think so bad. I know that as Poles we complain that between Germany and Russia, but Russia is created (hi, hi, Muscovites, let me remind you of that) only in the 18th century, and a united Germany even later. Poland's position is not ideal, but basically we have no problems until the 17th century. In the 17th century, a series of wars in the east and north, plus climate problems and, of course, pestilence; and then there are Russia and Germany. @Slavs origin in 4:00 -- Ukraine? Southern Belarus? Few traces for archaeologists, so guessing. In general: a little east of Poland, with a possible overlap with eastern Poland. The Slavs have closest relatives among the Baltics, and the Baltics have been on the shores of the Baltic since ancient times. @Crusades in 7:10 -- Fun fact: the Polish prince, Leszek the White, refused to participate in the Crusades. He stated that there was no beer in the Holy Land, and he could not live without beer. So he will not go on crusade. @Ottoman Empire in 9:00 -- Living Ironically in Europe is from the Balkans and thinks about the history there. From Poland's point of view, contacts with Turkey were more often friendly than hostile; and overall, not very important. @Democratic Monarchy in 10:12 -- It's not an oxymoron. The British monarchy is democratic. Yes, democracy in the PLC was limited to the nobility (i.e. approximately 10% of the inhabitants), and the king had his prerogatives (greater than the king in the UK). However, it was more like the British monarchy of today than the Roman Senate of the Empire. @Smallest tribes in 12:05 -- But modern nationalism dates back to the 19th century. Yes, tensions in Poland began in the 17th century, but more along religious lines (the Counter-Reformation and its clashes with Orthodoxy) than on national lines. In any case, until the First World War, no disintegration in Europe along the lines of the "smallest tribes" took place. @Division of Poland in 17:00 -- perhaps more important were the partitions for building up the size of Prussia, which benefited greatly from this, and perhaps in this way got the forces, for leadership among the German states; which would later lead to the unification of Germany under the Prussian sceptre. @November Uprising at 21:40 -- fun fact -- the Russians wanted to send the Polish army against the Belgians, who had just gained independence. So Poland lost the uprising and Belgium retained its independence. I don't know how much of the decision to start the uprising was due to reluctance to war in Belgium, but in general it was the Belgian indepedence that influenced the Polish uprising. @Partisans in 34:47 -- there were various forms of underground activity, but a major fight took place only in 1944-1945, when the Allied victory was already visible. I don't want to question their heroism, I just point out that they were not naive, they calculated their strength and possibilities.
Unlike the Roman Empire the Polish parliament the King was aloud to speak his mind but never vote, voting was strictly for the members so not exactly like that.
Wikipedia: Lech Wałęsa (born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who served as the president of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 election, Wałęsa became the first democratically elected president of Poland since 1926 and the first-ever Polish president elected by popular vote. A shipyard electrician by trade, Wałęsa became the leader of the Solidarity movement and led a successful pro-democratic effort, which in 1989 ended Communist rule in Poland. I have Polish neighbours.
![Blox Fruits Dragon Rework Update [Full Stream]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EqDAp8udhm0/mqdefault.jpg)
![Noob To Max With DRAGON REWORK In Blox Fruits [FULL MOVIE]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/LnBMOinoOvA/mqdefault.jpg)
Is Poland the next superpower?
through the power of pierogies, yes
YES, POLSKA GUROM 🇵🇱🇵🇱🇵🇱🇵🇱
Trivia note: The U.S. game show The Amazing Race has been on for 36 Seasons, & yet they have been to Poland for just 3 of them; Seasons 11, 23, & 27.
Probobly in 10-30 years
@@andrew_wow6892 Not under this government
33:56 Katyń was even more dramatic than it sounds. Most of people killed in Katyń were officers of army. People who before the war were: doctors, teachers, engineers, musicians etc.
Basicaly, it was the execution of the group of highly educated specialists, which Poland will be missing after the war...
16:40 The Insurrection was led by Tadeusz Kościuszko who participated in the American Independence War on the side of Americans. He helped you win your independence but sadly failed to win Poland its independence back.
20:50 Funnily enough Poland is probably the only country that could give Napoleon good advice because Poland Did hold Moscow for a while.
Kościuszko has a mountain in Australia named after him
For like 2 years but it's still 2 more years than any other country, kekw
Tadeusz Kościuszko zabłysnął w Ameryce bo był wyśmienitym inżynierem i budował świetne fortyfikacje, w Polsce musiał prowadzić bitwy w polu i podejmować konkretne decyzje co najlepiej mu nie wychodziło w całym rezultacie ale przemawiało to że widział powstanie zaczynające się od najniższych warstw w górę gdzie reszta postrzegała jako od szlachty w dół.
Samo powstanie nie miało wymiaru odzyskania niepodległości z rąk zaborcy a zmyć chańbę tamtego pokolenia, tak bynajmniej sam tłumaczył Kościuszko.
Yes and the thing is that Poland did this two times in small time period
@@Adam-rt2ir Everyone knows that actually. But still.. thanks
Poland was actually the bastion of religious tolarence. While many religious leaders in western Europe kept on killing eachother, Poland actually adapted "Warsaw Confederation" in 1573 (4 years after 2 nation Commonwealth was created). Due to instability that it may have caused, I do get why my fellow Poles are quite xenophobic, they see the immigration crisis in western Europe and they don't want to go through it again
"xenophobic" how is wanting your home to be safe xenophobic, XDDDD
@@Har1ByWorld if wanting my family, home and all citizens to be safe, i can be called a xenophobe
Xenophobe is your fear of others that are foreign to your country.
Not wanting riots and fights in streets from people that aren't naturally born or adept in such a country is not xenophobia, it's common sense and protection of one's culture. Call it patriotism.
@@Har1ByWorldwestern cities became 3rd world thanks to open minded diversity also main reason why Poland fell was rich foreginers didnt give a fxxxx about who they pay taxes to so no money for polish army from magnats resulted in partitions
Poles have all reason to be wary of anything. Their country were wiped off the map
10:18 *Yes, the Romans had the first Senate, but the Poles had the first Parliament called "Sejm" read "Seym", and it counts more as a democracy, but paradoxically it was the reason for our downfall because no one predicted that in the new form of government Corruption would be grow so fast...*
TBH, it would seem that Corruption & Democracy really go along, don't they? :D
7:38 Jadwiga was not a Queen of Poland. She was.... King of Poland, as strange as this sounds
They didnt want to confuse chess players.
Four centuries before the emancipation of women, a woman was the King of Poland. 💪
20:50 Poland actually captured Moscow very easy, so I guess Poles thougth Napoleon would just do the same with many times larger army.
Skill issue I guess
I think Poniatowski was very much against going to moscow instead he wanted to wait for russians and he eas right but Napoleon didnt listen
They did but russia ran away
Actually polish spelling is very simple, it is a phonemic language, so writing is very tightly related to sound in contrast to to languages like english where one letter can be pronounced differently depending where it is placed in the word or depending on origin of given word (for example G in game, geography, genre). There are around 40 phonemes (sounds) in Polish and since latin alphabet has only 26 letters (including V and X that are not used in Polish) additional letters with diacritic were added to polish alphabet so each letter can be related to single sound. Also what confuses most english speakers are sounds represented by double letters like sz or cz (but those are literally equivalent of english sh and ch) and a fact that different letters are related to different sounds than in English (for example W sounds like english V). But when you learn how to pronounce that 40 phonemes (and it takes like few hours) you basically can pronounce any word in polish language. Grammar is completely different thing, with some rules having no logic, and being used because of some archaic concepts that sometimes are no used for few centuries.
the Polish language has probably the worst adaptation of the latin alphabet to a slavic language. All those letter pairings are a mess. Czech does a much better job. Even Cyrillic has a single letter for what in Polish is spelled "szcz".
@@tomslastname5560 cope you just can't learn it lol
@@F.M671 Polish is my native language, I am fully fluent
@@tomslastname5560 Then go and change it. Good luck.
@@Mr_Topek I never said I wanted to change it. Go start arguments somewhere else.
Speaking of your comment of "why do uprising in January?", this decision was made because we feared so called "branka", that is conscription to Russian army, which in this moment was planned in January. It wouldn't be the end of the world if it was for a year or two. The thing is, branka meant conscription for decades, like up to 50 years old, when there would be little to no risk the man would join the uprising.
That's also why we have a saying "once a Russian year", that is something that happens VERY rarely.
z tego co pamiętam, była lista imienna tych, którzy mieli zostać wcieleni do rosyjskiej armii i byli to właśnie działacze niepodległościowi
As a hungarian, I am obliged to watch anything poland related, like this video. Cheers to you polish brothers from Hungary
Pozdrawiam! Polak Węgier dwa bratanki!
Funny fact, technically Jadwiga was crowned as a King, not a queen.
7:37 Btw Jadwiga was a King not a Queen
7:38 Jadwiga, being totally female, was formally a king.
Mr Terry- "I love Poland!"
Me - "then just wait until THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVE! COMING DOWN THE MOUNTAINSIDE!"
Jesus. Stop with these wings already. They rarely had them, cuz they were pain in the ass. They just were well equipped and trained soldiers
The Winged Hussars are back! Polands new class of jet fighter is named the Hussar.
Watch this next! ruclips.net/video/jsmH8NW0mng/видео.htmlsi=EJpLsErCBnuYGx8s
-Hey Poland why don't you like Russia?
-Poland.......
A kto to mówi że nie lubimy Rosji ? Ja Rosję bardziej lubię niż Ukrainę !!
@@agaaga8762 kto to mowi?
Kazdy zdrowy czlowiek ktory nie jest ruskim botem?
@@adrian225 i pisze to koleś który nie używa polskich znaków bo ma klawiaturę na cyrlicę ustawioną...
@@arkadiuszkrasicki5478 jaką cyrylice? Ja mam niemiecką klawiature fizyczną a w telefonie ustawioną polską, i to jakiej używam jest zależy od używanego w danej chwili urządzenia
@@agaaga8762 traitor to your people it sounds like. Either that or a bot
Finally, I was waiting YEARS for you to react to one of the vids that present the history of my country! Thanks, SIR! 🙏
Greetings from Poland, may the good of pierogi and wódka be upon you all
🤣👌🥂
Gotta love little european texas
So.. you as a historian, can you even imagine how advanced Poland could be if most of that never happened? Damn
3:20 We have this joke here
And then God said
"And now we'll play a prank on the Poles by putting them between Germans and Russians."
He had to nerf us a bit
As a Pole...
1:06 - that's from a famous Polish movie trilogy called "How I unleashed 2nd world war". If you ever want to do movie reactions/reviews definitely give that one a go. It's hilarious.
8:00 - no, it's very unlikely it's gonna be brought back. Lithuanians especially were not very happy about that period of time and the other two Baltic countries deserve their independence. Belarus... well the funny potato man recently does some warming up to Poland. Ukraine? We're close friends, but due to past scars it'd be best if we wouldn't open them again. As for parts that are right now in Russia. I hope for an independent Kaliningrad and rest are free real estate
10:00 - the nobility elected the king for life. After the Kings death, rather then his son inherit the throne, nobles choose the next guy. Worked well for centuries, but due to... veto power it all went down eventually. That's why I'm surprised why Polish people now are so supportive for the veto right in the EU. Anyway, in 1776, when the USA declared it's independence only about 3% of it's population could vote if my memory's correct. For Poland at that time it was 10% of the population.
11:30 it was not nationalism. It was due to the nobility becoming too greedy and powerful compared to the king and the state, putting their needs before the needs of the Commonwealth. Keep in mind Springtime of Nations was in 1848, over a decade after Poland was gone.
16:00 One thing worth noting here is about Tadeusz Kościuszko. It was a Polish noble, that took part in the American Revolution. His ideas were much more radical at the time (openly anti-slavery, wanted more people to vote, respected Indians and apparently gave Little Turtle two guns to "defend against anybody who tries to conquer them"). Later tried desperately to save the Commonwealth, but in the end failed. Though it would be interesting to see how history would go, if his radical views were implemented in Poland much sooner.
38:00 Fun fact about those elections. Officially the Polish Workers Party (the communists) won. But in actuality the democratic opposition - the Polish Socialist Party won, making them anti-communist opposition, until forced unification (that's the United in the later Polish United Workers Party), making the socialists illegal opposition right up until 1989. Until Solidarność become a thing they were th main force for strikes and protests in Poland.
41:00 fun fact. Solidarność still exists. Though now it's... weird and in some sense a bit controlled by one of our two main parties. Oh the irony...
Gotta say that part of the video is kinda jarring to me. I'm talking about "the Golden Age" part. Mostly because he just skips the golden age. I mean, he did skip almost all of medieval Polish history other than the first two historic rulers and the marriage between Jadwiga and Jogaila. It's also kinda weird how talks about that marriage (1386) and skips right to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (established 1569). The whole period between those two dates is the Jagiellon period, the end of which is what we consider the golden age. It's thanks to the second-to-last Jagiellon king subjugating the Teutonic order and securing peace and security for the country and his son bringing renaissance to it through his Italian wife, Bona Sforza. Of course, then he goes back to talk about the crusade of Varna (1444), which did happen in the Jagiellon period, so I guess he just confused the Polish-Lithuanian union for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. I do understand making a simplified overview, but this is just weird.
Also, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is NOT the golden age of Poland. It was a period of constant warfare and decline. It's most commonly referred to as the silver age as this was the time when the Commonwealth could really flex its muscles, but it is wholly inferior in terms of relative wealth and stability compared to the late Jagiellon period. I guess this is the most romanticised period because of all of those wars as well as the idea of so-called "golden liberty of the nobles", but anyone who knows even a bit about Poland's history will tell you it's not all that great.
It is tht great. Poland union with linhuania was rhe greatest extent and tbey wanted a eastern empire along with ukraine however ukraine instead wanted to be slaves to the tsar instead
@@wingedhussar1453 Thank you for your simplistic opinion on the period.
Actually, Poland had the only successful invasion of Russia from the West. During the Russian time of troubles after the death of Ivan the Terrible, heavy Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth invaded Russia and put a pretender on the throne, who was married to a Polish princess. The problem is that the pretender converted to Catholicism and started to try to impose Catholicism on the Orthodox country which was a leap to ruin. The Russian nobility and clergy rebelled, while Poland was founding off an invasion and we got the Romanov dynasty.
The problem was that in the 17th century, Poland had to deal with the 30 years war spilling over into them as well as a continuous struggle between Poland and Sweden because they were both ruled by the same family and temporarily by the same person. Had Sweden been Catholic, there could have been a personal union but the Protestant Swedes did not want to be controlled by Catholics. So sweet and became independent again under the uncle of the Polish Lithuanian King and then the two countries fought constantly over the Baltics. Sweden and Poland both thought it would be useful to have a friend in Brandenburg Prussia, which created the kingdom of Prussia. And Russia was allowed to expand, while the Cossacks were rebelled. Fun times for Poland.
But let us remind the Russophiles that there were much fewer invasions of Russia from the west than invasions of Russia into the west...
4:10 Generaly it's said that Slavs originate from Polesia/Polesie (Literally land covered in trees. Not to confuse with Polana, open field which is word Poland took its name), it's a region in southern Belarus and northern Ukraine
But of course Germano-Slavo-Baltic people comes from the Caucasus earlier just like most of nowadays European countries ancestors.
I also heard it was from the marshes (Pripyet?)
@@jimgorycki4013 Polesie and Pripyat are next to each other, generally it is an area at the junction of today's Poland, Ukraine and Belarus
@@Darwidx No
@@metanoian965 All Indoeuropeans comes from step over Caucasus moutains, this is a place were Indians and Persians splitted from European people that goes west instead of east finally settling even in Portugal and British Isles.
Super ciekawe że obcokrajowcy lubią Polskę tak mocno.
Poland is that country that keeps getting bullied and everyone knows they have the potential to be dangerous if they ever put their backs into defending themselves. It’s like the country has Underdog Status
Before 966 Poland did exist, as a Slavic state, there are remnants of towns, Slavic idols to Perun, Devana, etc. and other things before then, most things like we know from Russia (which let's remember was mostly originally Slavic before Rurik the Rus' came along), were built of wood, but still there is evidence of Polish existence before 966.
Supposbly not rus .rus was made from vikings .more like slavs from Kiev even though the polish legend tells of 3 brothers rus pol and kiv and the 3 slav brothers went their way. Also the polish believed they came from sarmations.
"Poland" as "Poland" didn't exist. Yes, there was political organisation but 966 is the point at which the centralised state was established. It's like that everywhere. You wouldn't say Germany existed in times of Goths just because they were ethnically similar and have also had political organisation. The big centralised State that controls the whole area is very different from local cheefdoms and smaller structures.
@@mikoajborkowski4707 sure but it came from some tribe, or sarmatioans as poland believes
1:46 thats not Sargon. Sargon's famous mask is made of bronze.
The name of this particular statue is not known. However in modern Meme culture it is atributed to EA-Nasir a copper merchant, known for quality, trust and ethical buisiness practices, who never scammed anyone what so ever.
His history videos are just great. I'd recommend watching his video on the history of Romania, as well as his video on Gypsies and their history. Especially the latter one, it's very interesting as usually the history of Gypsies is quite unknown, it's not taught in schools (in Europe at least) at all.
9:47 that is Kurt Angle, an Olympic gold medalist and professional wrestler.
For context,
(idk I'm just sure I know him by personality alone)
He looks uncomfortable, and him being bad at acting can't hide it well.
So I'm very sure (with the assumption that's his house and his daughter in the background)
that a fan self invited themselves upon his property to film him and maybe ask for a selfie and autograph!
Poland declared Christ King of Poland. God bless Poland!
I kid you not, one of my superiors in the FFL was Sergent Major PSZCZOLA... when I first got to his section, you have to introduce yourself (very militarily and say who's combat section you were in), apart from the Poles, not one single person in the whole regiment knew how to pronounce his name correctly first time.
that's a good name for a sergeant major
Sergent Major Bee is not fucking around
39:45 Thanks for acknowledging that the break-up of communist block started in Poland. Usually people point at the Berlin wall falling over.
I remember seeing East Germans on Polish TV weaving flags with a round holes cut of in the middle - as a part of a report of Germany's unification. This would be impossible to see if Poland was still under communist regime at the time.
The most painful thing about the end of WW2 to Poland was that we were basically just left to Russia by Churchill and his friends. Heck, Germany(!) got so much money from USA after starting the fcking war and loosing and we did not even get a single penny from Germans till this day. We had to rebuild all the cities with our shit economy etc and Germans just got the money from USA its insane.
11:30 Polish golden age didn't end because of internal struggle between different cultures, like Yugoslavia. It was straight up bribes and abuse of laws, creating bureaucratic gridlocks everywhere, and the country kinda fell apart.
23:57 Yes, it is a fact - Jews were coming to Poland because of tolerance and freedom. Later it changes, partially because Jew community changed. Jews were recognised as good as they were "older brothers". In 19th century with ateisation of Jewish community and its artists - often doing jobs in 'immoral' industry like cabaret, burlesque or movies.
When Poland lost its independence after WW2 tons of top-tier communist party members were Jews. Then in 1968 there was an inner clash between Jewish and Polish members. Jewish fraction lost. Was exiled. And imagine what they were - former members of atheistic antinationalist party - saying to immigration officers in USA or Israel.
'Poles are antisemitic, they rid us from their land because they are backword and religious".
Priest Chrostowski recorded in Jerusalem an fiery meeting with such "emmigrant", who couldn't stand that Poles came to Israel with Polish Catholic priest as mentor.
13:11 Cossacks wouldn't mind being Polish King subjects... what they didn't want was the law. Cossacks were free people: descendant of people who lived here for generations, but also peasants that run off from their noble, also some nobles, who had death sentences on their heads and chose to roam in vast lands of Ukraine... But all these people were free. They didn't have any lord above them.
What made Cossacks rebel was the law, which stated, that any unregistered Cossack, will be treated as a peasant (which basicaly ment slave in XVII century Commonwealth). Main problem was the size of register. Registered Cossacks were soldiers that were loyal to King. King was paying them and since nobles blocked raising new taxes, king wasn't able to provide enough cash for bigger register... as a result probably only 10-20% of Cossacks that would want to regster as regular soldier, were able to... others, seeing themselves being pushed from freemen into slaves, rebelled to keep their freedom...
Also powerfull local nobles, often went to conflict with Cossacks -> claiming their lands as their own. Threating them as peasants living on lords land. Demanding serfdom etc.
Russia saw opportunity to weaken Poland and supported Cossacks in their fights for independence... just to conquest them few years/decades later :/
Wait MrTerry doesn't now who Kurt Angle is? 9:42
Sadly not 😔
4:13 There is a channel in Polish by a Polish historian Wielka Historia
That have a video
Genetyka nie wyjasnia pochodzenia slowian
In it it says that genetically slavs didnt displaced autochtons, just local people adopted slavic ways of live
20:40 Poniatowski and some other commanders actually advised Napoleon to go through Ukraine, stay there for the winter and use the time to build a proper Lithuanian army, reinforce the Polish army with Ukrainians and Poles living there, create the proper supply lines etc. Of course today we know that this was the only sensible thing to do, but I imagine for Napoleon first thought was that the Poles just want to rebuild the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth lol
Love the video, interesting to learn more about them ❤
Slavs originate from Polessya region which is on the border of modern day Belarus and Ukraine, from Kyiv to eastern edges of Poland. Basically the Pripyat river basin.
25:54
Copernicus was a Pole of German origin, though he himself was fiercely loyal to Poland and even led a defence of a castle against the Teutonic Knights once.
20:46 They actually did. They told him to do it after winter. Józef Poniatowski, which was mentioned before, advised to go south, where climat was warmer and they were granaries of Russia. He also argued that with weaken south, Turkey can also attack Russia, which would divide russian army.
11:50 that wasn't the case in terms of the Commonwealth. The problem was that nobles didn't want to expand their right to new groups which rebelled as a result.
They had problems with the Sejm. I recall a famous painting.
@@jimgorycki4013 who?
31:40 - there is an exaggeration that Piłduski "ruled with an iron fist" - while it's correct that he lead a coup d'etat, after it's success he held no political office other than honorary one; like back in 1918-1921 period, when he lead an army, but left politics and diplomacy to his political rivals. Piłsudski certainly was a spiritual father to a significant part of few generations, but his dislike towards politics and offices kept him away from official positions of power. He never chose to fight for a position of a Prime Minister or President, democratically or not. He saw himself as a figure that will make tough decisions, lead the nation through a turmoil, reset the whole political system if needs be - but after that, he left the governance to the others. And while his party certainly ruled with an iron fist - He did not.
Rule number one: never be allies with UK and France (Poland and Czechoslovakia know how it went)
44:36 Not by playing video games, but by writing video games. Have you heard of, say, the "Witcher" series or "Cyberpunk 2077"?
The IT sector is very dynamic in Poland, accounting for about 4% of Polish GDP and growing. For perspective, think about how many times you've seen a Polish truck on the road; international transport generates about 6% of Polish GDP.
We in the Baltic are friends with Poland... but the Union "phase" came and went.
10:06 It's a bit complicated. In fact, the King had a completely different position and prerogatives than other European monarchs of his time. De facto he was a kind of "president for life" with a rather representative and executive function, since legislation belonged to the parliament. But the clue is that it was an elective monarch, and every nobleman had the right to vote, which was quite egalitarian at that time
I wish my history teacher had such insightful comments.
Big respect (you being American and all).
Polska górą.
Poland is probably my favorite European country.
Česko se na tebe naštvaně dívá
Good choice🙂🇵🇱
@@MichalKolacNa złość najlepszym lekarstwem jest dobre piwo, sąsiedzie.
@@LesławPilarski a nawet dwa piwa
@@PatrykBartoszek-dr3km 👍
More living ironically in europe please!
Trivia note: The U.S. game show The Amazing Race has been on for 36 Seasons, & yet they have been to Poland for just 3 of them; Seasons 11, 23, & 27.
4:00 slavs are a tribal culter shered betwe divrent people. This culture origunatet from tribes located betewen todays borders of belerus ukrain and Poland. Its hard to lear about slavs becouse they dont write on paper or stone but on wood, all texts hav been destroyed only woden scolpers, tools and wepons survived
6:00 "cool yet scary sound" and it's just Coco Jambo 😂
Also one thing that hurts me about the Warsaw Uprising a lot that wasn't mentioned in the video - the fighters were mostly kids. Some literally but a lot of them were the fresh graduates of the 1st generation to be born in free Poland (18-20-year-olds). The realization hurts a lot more now that I'm older and can't fathom what horrors these kids had to face.
Like, "Stones for the Rampart" for me read like a fictional novel back in middle school, it did not hit me that it was basically a story of the author's fellow fighters.
9:51 this "dark thing you didn't want to go into" is Olympic gold medalist wrestler (won while having a broken neck somehow) and later professional wrestler Kurt Angle, in his Perc Angle phase of simultaneously being the deepest into his painkiller addictions and certified suplex machine madman in the ring. we were all deeply unsettled by the soullessness of his eyes and deeply concerned about his health. both his own wife and the WWE actually let him go in this era because they didn't want his life subscription to expire on their watch (the latter which, considering they never care about the well being of their employees otherwise, is A Statement). he is ok now, allegedly but also seemingly from the outside looking in.
tl;Dr got famous not knowing physically when to quit, which is impressive as a one off but terrifying as an entire life and career choice.
20:55
There was a period in Polish history, the Dimitriades - invasions of Russia, before Charles XII, Napoleon or Hitler.
Once I was standing at tramway station in SIlesia*. And older woman came to me and said:
- You know, there was a brothel for Soviets... Here, in this building. Only Russians can go in.
Then suddently she bcame silent and go out.
* There was na Upper Silesian Tragedy, when for Soviets, entering this regio every man was workforce and a woman...
Because names sound German.
4:04
As for origin of Slavs... modern historic theories look at Slavs more as a culture group, than ethnic group... Slavic culture developed somewhere in Eastern/Central Europe and spread through the lands and many ethinc groupd adapted it, including somewhat similiar language...
so... most of Slavs in 8th-10th century, were ancestors of people who lived in same territory for previous centuries...
As for catalysts that made Slavic culture bloosom, there are at least these factors:
1. fall of Western Roman Empire and a result colapse of trade with empire
2. migration of various tribes
3. environmental changes that could influence how people lived (Slavic houses where small, easy to build, easy to deconstruct and build them elsewhere)
Also, with Christianity becoming major religion in Western Europe, Central/Eastern Europe became main source of slaves to trade. During Western Roman Empire, slaves were comming from different lands, including later Frank and German lands. That changed with establishment of French and German realms and most of slaves traded in Mediterran Area were Slavs (hence that where word "slave" has its origins... Roman word for slave was: "servus" and in trade books you could see word servus followed by orgin/ethnic description of slave... as time went by, word servus disappered and trade books have records of trading Slavs...which later became a word for slave).
Slavery was such profitable businness that most early Slavic lords took part in it- selling captured neighbours. One of biggest Slave trade centers was in Prague (from there "living goods") were transported to Venice/Genoa or Andalusia, mostly to be sold to Muslim countries.
The Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth had the first democratic monarchy- their kings were elected hence avoided hereditary succession of kings
Polish lintuania commonwealth was the coolest union before the usa. It was a eastern european power with lots of democracy although crippled by it aswell. Gota give props to them as they had enemies on all side. North south west and east and actually stayed and prospered. No other empire or country had as many brutal enemies on all sides. Russia only grew after it stole land after swedes attacked it and so on...also yes the polish commonwealth was suppose to come back after ww1 but ww2 happened and many countries rather wanted indepanace instead even though they got taken over by the wolves .the naive eastern countries did not want it
What a surprise
Poland won the poll
20:45 General Poniatowski advised Napoleon against entering the originally Russian territories. Instead, he proposed fighting on the territory of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, i.e. today's Belarus and Ukraine. He knew that in these areas he would be able to supply the army and the people would be more favorable. Unfortunately, Napoleon ignored him
thank you for the video
Westward of PRL (Polish People Republic) in 19945 is called "Ziemie Odzyskane" ("Regained lands"), colonised mostly with people from 'Lost Lands': 'Kresy Wschodnie', 'East borders'.
I love Poland too ! It’s the best country in Europe …Maybe the world !
Chwała Polsce 🇵🇱
Jadwiga …. a King ! really ?!
11:20 Sabaton and Heroes of Might & Magic III soundtrack xD
Good work. Glad Polska is getting some love. Not the easiest place for existence thanks to geography, but certainly character building though!
They've a history of being some of it not the best troops when fighting alongside allies in their armies.
For WW2 I would have highlighted the crucial early work on the Enigma machine, the incredible pilots during the Battle of Britain, and the destroyer Piorun that seemed to want to sink the Bismarck all by itself.
20:58 The thing is that Poland has captured and controlled Moscow for a few years in the early 17th century. With a much, much smaller army. So, I am guessing that most of the soldiers thought that Napoleon could do it as well. There are also some mentions, I think, of prince Józef Poniatowski (the GOAT) advising other Napoleon's generals NOT to invade in winter. I might be wrong tho.
Poland had a good friendship with Lithuania during the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth- that was a force to reckon with
That's Curt Angle from the WWE
I also find semi-mythical origin story of Poles, Czechs and Kievan Rus' (early Russians, Ukrainians, etc.) really interesting. The mythical 3 brothers who went out hunting and split up. Lech, who founded the Poles, went north. Čech who founded the Czechs (and by extension all of the West Slavs other than the Poles) went west. Rus' went east and founded the East Slav tribes who united under the Scandinavian Viking family of the Varangian prince Rurik to form the Kievan Rus'. Purely mythical, as founding myths are, but still entertaining. It was told in the Wielkoposka Chronicle, a history of the founding of Poland written sometime in the 13th century.
Mr. Terry I am polish and my name is Sergiusz Eligiusz was not by any means common but you could find a handful of them at that time
4:12 I must say that I am not a historian and my knowledge on this topic comes mostly from podcasts and Wikipedia, but I will tell you as much as I know, it is difficult to clearly determine where we Slavs came from, as most of Europeans, we are a people descended from the Proto-Indo Europeans, according to a random guy from the Internet (me... as I said don't trust me I'm not historian), we are one of the peoples who emigrated from the area of today's Iran to the north, we passed between the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea until we found ourselves in the upper and middle Dnieper basin (that is, halfway from Moscow to Vitebsk in Belarus and 100 km north).
This is where what can be verified on Wikipedia begins. After the destruction of the Gothic state by the Huns in 375, which occupied vast areas from the Carpathian slopes and the lower Danube in the west to the Dnieper in the east, it was possible for Proto-Slavic groups to move from the area of the middle and upper Dnieper basin to a much more attractive area (both due to favorable conditions). for farming, as well as due to the proximity of the Byzantine Empire) the areas of today's western Ukraine and Moldova. Slavic settlements in this period (late 5th - early 6th centuries) could have reached the territory of today's Poland to the upper Vistula line, as is clear from Jordanes' account, as well as from archaeological sources.
The next stage of the migration of the Slavs to the south became possible after the destruction of the Hunish kaganate in 454. Then the Slavs moved to the northern bank of the lower Danube, i.e. to the border of the Empire. In the years 518-527 the Antes invaded Byzantium, then their name disappears from historical records. In the years 549-550 the Sklavins devastated almost the entire Balkan Peninsula. In 551 they defeated the army of Justinian I near Adrianople.
The arrival of the Avars in this zone around the year 558 changed the situation of the Slavs, who were subjugated to the nomads. Further expansion of the Slavs southwards took place until 626 as part of the Avar-Slavic invasions. Then, the direction of migration to the north-west became more attractive, along the arc of the Carpathians to the lands of today's Poland (second half of the 6th century) and further to the areas located on the Elbe in today's eastern Germany (early 7th century).
skand pochodza slowianie
=
tropie. tarnow. opoka. org. pl / polacy. htm
4:05 essentially the generall accepted theory of it which is conaidered truth is that all came from Caucassus and then split to 3 groups,one to make South slavs,others to make Russians,Ukrainians and Belaruss,and west which are Polish,Czechs Slivaks and Sorbs
According to the old theory they came from the Asiatics, in hilly terrain, (I don't remember exactly where), coming over to Europe and eventually for the origins in Europe settling in the Carpathians and eventually growing larger, getting split up into the north, south, east and west slaves, where according to the accumulation of empires nearby they changed the languages, nearing the start of the 10th century, the Germanic tribes decided to conquer Slavic settlements in Germany and tried moving forwards hence the reason for the adoption of Christianity, however, those are from books on Polish history from before WWII not to mention WWI, (best for covering the uprisings etc.) so for the new one I have no idea, however that's the answer for the old one, from Asia, hence being Indo-European. (Reason why I said it was "somewhere in Asia" is only because I read it some time ago and forgot the name but remembered the full facts which I read)
In Old Slavic,the word depicting Poland- Polanie means the borderland
As for the destruction of Warsaw during the uprising, you probably didn't know about it, but after the war, in order for a child to receive a school leaving certificate, he or she had to bring a certain amount of money for the reconstruction of the capital. My mother had to pay such tribute (sorry, but there is no other way to call it) to get a school leaving certificate in the 1960s. By that time, the buildings bombed by the Germans had long been rebuilt. In those years, office buildings were already being built, which, incidentally, I might add, were demolished a few years ago...
Mr terry the meme behind the dude staring at the camera is that its kurt angle. Olympian wrestler & wwe star
32:41 and we still standing.
8:12 as a pole i couldn't agree more
YourFace And YellowShirtBlue Signed ?! YouAreFunny …Guy!
Imagine living in Poland, going to work and trippig on somethingonly to pick it up and for it to be a lebel (french) bayonet from 1880s in pristine condition just laying under some moss in the mountains. 😂
Thats what over 1000 years of history looks like 😀
19:42 yeah, that's probably what most players want to do as well knowing the game xd
11:45 nationalism wasn't a thing until Commonwealth collapsed... also Polish nationalism is what allowed polish identity to survive for 123 years without their own country... especialy during Rusification and Germanisation periods in Russia and Prussia respectively...
During the existence of Commonwealth, nation wasn't a thing -> you were a subject of one or another monarch and that what was defining your position, other than the social class you were in.
For exampled: most of peasants didn't care/know who their king was, they were subjects of a local noble (or a church representative: bishop, or head monk from local monastery) and they were their masters.
Recently I read about genetic research on former inhabitants of Poland. They somewhat contradict what was said in the film. DNA from thousands of years ago is very similar to later DNA, e.g. medieval and even modern. So the conclusion is that most of the "Slavics" did not come to these areas, but have been inhabiting them continuously for a long time (with some changes and additions of "new blood")
Yes. So far seems like it. And the migrators did not stay long but, passed through to the West.
There is little evidence that Germanics travelled Westwards. Their MO is always to move East.
All indications are that Germs arrived on the Atlantic coast, moving North then South. Then East claiming for themselves Slavic words / place names. But, historians are Frankfurt schooled so this is a big taboo idea.
Check Oblazowa Cave throwing stick (boomerang).
10:16 more like oligarchic monarchy... as those who had any power in country were: elected King and nobles... townsfolk were under law protection, but peasantry... especialy become more and more dependend from their lords. Process that started somewhere in XVI century... accelerated after Swedish Invasion to Poland and basicaly brought more than 70% of population into such hostile serfdom, that it basicaly can be called slavery... most of Poles by the end of XVIII century were Slaves in their own country.
Nobles strengthen their position during the Jagiellonian dynasty (Golden Age mentioned earlier) as each ruler from this dynasty gave nobles new privilliges to the point that King was somewhat unable to act without agreement of nobles (he could declare war by himself, but he wouldn't be able to raise extra taxes for war without nobles permission)
Mr Terry you NEED to see his video about the history of the gypsies!!
Thing about Russia/RI that ppl tend to get wrong is attributing imperial/tyrannical ambition to eastern/Asian influence while in fact it was almost always exact opposite. Ivan the Terrible wanted to be like Roman emperor, like Caesar, so he even promoted the idea that Ruric was German (Holy roman empire). Peter the Great as you've mentioned - visited Europe, wanted to implement what was hot in the Europe at that time. Catherine II - Princess Sophie Augusta Frederica von Anhalt-Zerbst - 100% Prussian, not only by blood but by culture and education. She and her successors were absolutists - also very trendy in europe at that time. Alexander 1 not only was a part of pan European anti-napoleonic coalition. Arguably only the Nicolas 1 was somewhat different in the line of RI rulers as he was nationalist and was rather strongly against ideas that happened in Europe at the time of his reign. But then once again, the whole communist/socialist idea was western, not Asian in any shape or form
Well, I would doubt the Catherine's cultural identity - after all she learned Russian and willingly converted into Orthodoxy.
@Lady in 2:15 -- from Czech Republic, not from Poland.
@Geography in 3:20 -- well... I don't think so bad. I know that as Poles we complain that between Germany and Russia, but Russia is created (hi, hi, Muscovites, let me remind you of that) only in the 18th century, and a united Germany even later. Poland's position is not ideal, but basically we have no problems until the 17th century. In the 17th century, a series of wars in the east and north, plus climate problems and, of course, pestilence; and then there are Russia and Germany.
@Slavs origin in 4:00 -- Ukraine? Southern Belarus? Few traces for archaeologists, so guessing. In general: a little east of Poland, with a possible overlap with eastern Poland. The Slavs have closest relatives among the Baltics, and the Baltics have been on the shores of the Baltic since ancient times.
@Crusades in 7:10 -- Fun fact: the Polish prince, Leszek the White, refused to participate in the Crusades. He stated that there was no beer in the Holy Land, and he could not live without beer. So he will not go on crusade.
@Ottoman Empire in 9:00 -- Living Ironically in Europe is from the Balkans and thinks about the history there. From Poland's point of view, contacts with Turkey were more often friendly than hostile; and overall, not very important.
@Democratic Monarchy in 10:12 -- It's not an oxymoron. The British monarchy is democratic. Yes, democracy in the PLC was limited to the nobility (i.e. approximately 10% of the inhabitants), and the king had his prerogatives (greater than the king in the UK). However, it was more like the British monarchy of today than the Roman Senate of the Empire.
@Smallest tribes in 12:05 -- But modern nationalism dates back to the 19th century. Yes, tensions in Poland began in the 17th century, but more along religious lines (the Counter-Reformation and its clashes with Orthodoxy) than on national lines. In any case, until the First World War, no disintegration in Europe along the lines of the "smallest tribes" took place.
@Division of Poland in 17:00 -- perhaps more important were the partitions for building up the size of Prussia, which benefited greatly from this, and perhaps in this way got the forces, for leadership among the German states; which would later lead to the unification of Germany under the Prussian sceptre.
@November Uprising at 21:40 -- fun fact -- the Russians wanted to send the Polish army against the Belgians, who had just gained independence. So Poland lost the uprising and Belgium retained its independence. I don't know how much of the decision to start the uprising was due to reluctance to war in Belgium, but in general it was the Belgian indepedence that influenced the Polish uprising.
@Partisans in 34:47 -- there were various forms of underground activity, but a major fight took place only in 1944-1945, when the Allied victory was already visible. I don't want to question their heroism, I just point out that they were not naive, they calculated their strength and possibilities.
4:11 Slavs come from what is now Poland, Ukraine and Russia
In 20"38 you'll see "FREE POLITICAL PRISONERS". In Polish.
Poland has a 1000 years history BTW.
This is also the One of top ancient countries.
Greetings Author from Poland.🇵🇱⚘️❤
Marie Curie was Polish, she discovered Radioactivity though
Unlike the Roman Empire the Polish parliament the King was aloud to speak his mind but never vote, voting was strictly for the members so not exactly like that.
Wikipedia:
Lech Wałęsa (born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who served as the president of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 election, Wałęsa became the first democratically elected president of Poland since 1926 and the first-ever Polish president elected by popular vote. A shipyard electrician by trade, Wałęsa became the leader of the Solidarity movement and led a successful pro-democratic effort, which in 1989 ended Communist rule in Poland.
I have Polish neighbours.
We did not come under Soviet control ourselves. the Allies sold us at Yalta