Ethyl Acetate Synthesis
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- Опубликовано: 4 апр 2023
- Reupload from my tik-tok #science #chemistry #color #acid #organicchemistry
Note: I have no Idea why the upload quality of this video is so bad.. I believe it has something to do with the format of the video type as I messed around with that before uploading.
In any case I am working on fixing it ASAP.
Notes: I made the comment about MEK containing ethyl acetate offhand without really knowing what MEK is, I just saw a container labeled MEK in the hardware store and curious as I am, I read the label and it said "ethyl acetate 55%".
After making this video I checked the label again and it is actually "MEK Substitute" so yeah entirely different thing. Actual MEK is the chemical butanone.
Also, the final product is not completely anhydrous so the percent yield I posted is not accurate as the product still contains notable quantities of ethanol and water. I'll likely do a longer video on this in the future where I go the extra mile and dry the ethyl acetate.
Also, ethyl acetate is really only comparable to DCM as an extraction solvent, not a reaction solvent. This is because unlike DCM, ethyl acetate tends to hydrolyze under certain reaction conditions.
Just tried this synthesis following the exact procedure and surprisingly got the same 125ml yield as you
Nice writeup!
DCM definitely has its uses, but for my taste it evaporates a bit too quickly and can be outright hostile when dealing with crude extracts of i.e. plant matter or seeds, since then it's prone to form emulsions. Anyways, solvents that smell like fruit or candy are always preferrable when they can be used. May god bless the esters of simple organic acids and primary alcohols :P
Love the pathetique beethoven sonata in a chemistry video LOL!!
My dyslexic ahh though you were calling the video pathetic😭😭😭
@@Thealchemistscorner Haha!
🎉🎉🎉
Unfortunately, the carcinogenic DCM is superior to ethyl acetate in many applications.
It tried to extract caffeine with the ester, but unfortunately a lot of foreign substances also got into the solvent.
Methyl ethyl ketone is a completely different substance. MEK is added as a denaturant so nobody can get moonshine from nail polish remover by saponification of ethyl acetate...
Almost 100 degrees is quite high for the distillation, ethanol and ethyl acetate already distill at below 80 degrees.
In fact, two distillation passes are necessary for a pure product: the first after refluxing, the second after shaking out and then drying with anhydrous sodium sulphate.
75% yield is quite a high value for half an hour of refluxing. Normally, the mixture is boiled at least four times as long and still rarely exceeds 70% yields.
I suspect high proportions of water and ethanol due to the high distillation temperature, the lack of a second distillation and the drying that was not carried out.
DCM isn't a proven carcinogenic in humans, contrary to carbon tet and chloroform. The body can break it down into HCl and formiate, which shouldn't really be an issue in small, irregular exposures, since you're also subject to that when eating fruit or bread (via small amounts of methanol being present) or when using pharmaceuticals with methoxy groups.
Yeah.. so I forgot to address a few of those issues in the video description (I'll try and get around to it tonight) but yeah I made the MEK comment offhand without really knowing what MEK is, I just saw a container labeled MEK in the hardware store and curious as I am, I read the label and it said "ethyl acetate 55%".
After making this video I checked the label again and it is actually "MEK Substitute" so yeah entirely different thing.
As for the DCM comment, I am aware that DCM is a far superior reaction solvent as it won't hydrolyze like ethyl acetate will, but I did always assume they had extremely similar properties as an extraction solvent.. good to know that isn't really the case.
And yeah it is certainly impure, although my reflux didn't exceed 90°C so I'm assuming the impurities are mostly ethanol.
It did quickly dissolve through my Nitrile gloves as is, so I'm assuming the purity is decent, but I did plan to re-distill over calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate. Before I do, why the preference for sodium sulfate?
Yeah from what I've read, chloromethanes are really only a big issue in big doses.. I'm still not a fan of using them but mostly because of the acute toxicity
@@integral_chemistry
Glove dissolution as proof of purity - I didn't even know the method... ;-)
However, a boiling point determination is more reliable.
The advantage of anhydrous sodium sulfate is that it is completely inert and insoluble in almost all organic liquids.
Calcium and magnesium salts, on the other hand, can form addition compounds with some solvents. Calcium chloride is therefore actually only suitable for supporting air drying in the desiccator.
However, no mineral drying agent may be boiled during the distillation, otherwise the freshly bound crystal water will be released again at higher temperatures. It must always be filtered or decanted first.
@@integral_chemistry
The motto "the dose makes the poison" does not apply to carcinogens. In fact, the concentration, duration and frequency of exposure make the malignant disease more or less likely. But there is also no lower exposure limit that can be considered as safe. Ultimately it is luck and personal disposition: one smokes like a chimney all his life, never gets sick and finally dies of old age. And the other just sniffs the wrong bottle and gets kidney cancer. Not very likely, but certainly not impossible. Cancer is an *sshole.
There are only two options: avoid triggers as much as possible (best, but most difficult option) or protect yourself as best you can (wearing thick chemical gloves and a respirator, working outside or under a fume hood) and switch to alternatives as often as possible - from this perspective ethyl acetate is basically not a bad idea.
Make acid ascorbic powder
Ethyl acetate is not methyl ethyl ketone, as you suggest at 2:42.
Yeah I meant to correct that in the video description 😅 I made that comment in the video when thinking about a product I saw in the store labeled "MEK" which contsined ethyl acetate as the main ingredient, but when I checked it out after the fact I realized it was actually called "MEK substitute".
@@integral_chemistry Nice video all the same. I have been enjoying your content.