The areas surrounding the Daiichi plants are practically ghost towns. And what do you do to ghost towns? The Japanese government says robotic test field. In 2020 the Fukushima Robotic Test Field (RTF) was opened to research institutions and start-ups. It is facilitated with an underwater and a small-sized aerial runway, providing a huge variety of robots that can be developed there. I had a chance to have a job interview with an eVTOL start-up based in the Fukushima RTF. Since they are developing full-size man-piloted aircraft they cannot fly their aircraft anywhere near the residential area, and even when they can, they cannot fly it too high or for too long without risking annoying or scaring the residents, making their workflow painfully impractical. They admit having a place in the Fukushima RTF is a live saver for them. And as an engineering student, I am amazed by the robots developed there.
Really good video. I worked on this project for four years. We were looking to add ultrasonic arrays onto little sunfish to allow it to see debris under dust and to image leaks in the PCV by virtue of Doppler shift in bubbles. A small note, the X100b penetration was always there. It wasn't added post accident.
3:00 I would say that's a good call and not a "bureaucratic decision", as the helicopters were probably denied from cleaning up the rooftop debris because their rotor wash definitely would've spread the finer radioactive debris far and wide.
Great video! The nane of the 1st "Japanese" robot quince is pronounced "queens"... Not from 15 in spanish but from the Q generation of rescue robot who all have flowers names. The previous version (K version) was Kenaf and the one after quince was the S one called Sakura. We designed Quince for search and rescue with a great focus of being able to climbed stairs which was exactly what it did.
@@ryanpitasky487 yes I was... I joined the project two years before the earthquake, at the very beginning of the design of the Q version of the NEDO robot. It was originally a search and rescue robot.
Yerah that bit was painful to see him mention...It is definitely Quince (pronounced Kw-ins) like "wince" as in "he winced when the bully hit him hard in the belly" - Botanical name - Cydonia Oblonga, There are 3 flowering quince varieties across Asia. We used to have a huge tree in our back yard where I grew up. So if named after flowers it stands to reason it was this, and absolutely not Spanish. Someone below mentioned the channel not being the best with pronunciation..but really this isn't just about pronunciation, some proper research would have lead to the proper conclusioon and not just "Kin-che is spanish for 15, but I'm not sure that was what they were going for..."
3:06 the robot used at Chernobyl is related to the Lunokhod 1 and 2 moon rovers from the 1970s. That relationship is more 'designed by the same team' than 'uses the same hardware', as far as I can find the only hardware design copied mostly from Lunokhod was the electronics.
The PackBot limitations sound like a training issue. PackBots were built to climb stairs, but you have to move the arm forward when climbing to keep the CG in a good place to guarantee traction on the stairs. They also have fiber tethers for areas where RF comms don't work. Maybe they didn't have that add-on. And it was interesting to hear that Warrior robots were used! Not many of those were ever made.
Great work as always, I hope you cover more disaster relief or search&rescue robots in the future because they are such a woefully underfunded and under-reported field. Hope to be able to participate in it one day.
Yep more pro communist propaganda as always... Soviets moon robot was crap so they purchased robot from the west, but because they even in this case were not able to not lie to the west, they lied about the real level of radioactivity so they lowered the real number by one digit and the robot shielding was made for 1/10 of what was realy on that roof... so the robot was burned by the radiation in no time and "bio-robots" were used. Ofc enen now no real data how many of them died and what kind of diseases they got because of that work, not to mention how this video is not mentioning why the radioactive stuff ended up on the roof->contrary to Three Mile Island accident->and Soviet accident was after the American one and Americans did not hided it like Soviets with every other accident before the one in Chernobyl->that was announced by Swedish powerplant that started detecting stuff from Chernobyl even in Sweeden...
I hope you cover more disaster relief or search&rescue robots in the future GOOD IDEA. AN ASIANOMETRY REPORT ON THE THAI CAVE RESCUE OF THEIR YOUTH SOCCER TEAM WOULD BE REALLY INTERESTING TO ME. THIS APPEARS TO BE A COMBINATION OF INCREDIBLE BRAVERY AND TECHNOLOGY.
I remember watching videos about this about a decade ago and they discussed the robotics that would need to be invented in order to work down there and those conditions. Pretty cool being able to see what was developed.
it's crazy how relatively little ai has advanced robotics so far - even Boston dynamics barely used ai for most of their existence. despite crazy advanced stuff like chatgpt coming out, learned motor control is mostly not used for serious purposes. it'll probably change pretty quick over the next few years as it gets more reliable
We actually just had a talk by one of the chief international inspectors for the accident a few days ago - he mentioned a lot of the safety measures are massively overkill (e.g. storing the tritiated water, which is actually basically not a threat at all)
True I work in Nuclear science for DOE in high radiation areas. So much hype myths nonsense about this online .. Insane to try to discuss with many who have no education in science physics etc.
@@Nudnik1 tell me about it! And the whole freezing the ground thing is ludicrous too. The physics behind nuclear will always be a hindrance to the industry - it's very hard to educate the public on stuff that can get quite involved (considering that most people have very little science education). We actually discussed with the professors and people in our research groups how we run the risk of looking like we think we're all-knowing gods if we just tell the public "it's too complicated for you just trust the smart people"
@@flubadubdubthegreat1272 Younger generations seem to be convinced that technology as a whole has moved forward therefor we should attempt to use new generation of power plant designs rather than to let the sins of the past hold us back. It's almost kind rebellious to be pro-nuclear power given that all that the younger generations have heard is 40 year old anti-nuclear arguments. People want to be pro-renewables but the problem is that field is going nowhere fast & requires exotic & expensive methods to address the pitfalls such as battery or mechanical energy storage.Even if we were to adopt something like molten salt energy storage you're still producing the fraction of energy that is a full sized nuclear power plant. If a politician came out and suggested that we keep old nuclear facilities open but replace components so that instead of it being 1960s technology it would be the most advanced available, then he or she would gather a lot of support because that politician would be arguing that we don't build new nuclear power plant locations, but instead to be improving the current locations. In the eyes of the public it would be doing the equivlant of upgrading from 1st gen Iphone to the 14th generation. An old nuclear power plant has plenty of reusable components such as office buildings, cooling towers, Cooling pools & dry storage, and power substations. There are even talks of converting coal power plant locations into nuclear with little local opposition.
Nice video thanks. Interesting explanations regarding the radiation mitigation techniques for electronics. I do work at the European Space Agency as a micro electonics engineer, we do face similar issues with respect to radiation effects and therefore we do apply similar mitigation tectniques.
The reason that few people are returning is not that there is more cleanup needed. It is just that a very long time has passed and most people are now settled in different circumstances. Also, recommended reading: "On the Brink: The Inside Story of Fukushima Daiichi"
how tepco still have a licence to run this facility is beyond me. forged safety docs, cut cutting at the expense of safety, really poor response. basic engineers who didn't realise that during rainy season water flows downhill. tepco are making a fortune out of the "clean up". nuclear is cool, glad that in the west with the energy supply issue things are changing.
Sources for these claims are direly, direly needed. That plant ate not one but two disasters 'top 10 of all time' category consecutively and very little happened despite human error compounding it. Which means it's quite safe. As you heard in this video a meltdown didn't actually do anything because the reactor is built on a containment vessel. They could pretty go "Oh well, it was fun while it lasted", close the door on that particular reactor and leave. I mean do we clean up after other sources of power? We don't. We don't pick up all the burned coal and put it back inside the mines. Nuclear power leaving a tiny footprint of spent reactors is still the cleanest and safest form of power on a geographical scale.
@@nvelsen1975 > I mean do we clean up after other sources of power? We don't. Because other sources of power do not leave materials which can kill you with invisible rays without you feeling anything at first. > Nuclear power leaving a tiny footprint of spent reactors is still the cleanest and safest form of power on a geographical scale. Name me another type of power generation which created 4000km^2 of land permanently uninhabitable (Chernobyl Exclusion Zone).
@@denysvlasenko4952 There is no need to answer your question, since your question is based on a lie. The original zone was 2600 km² and has in effect been shrinking since then. But to answer your question anyway, hydro power has done that and way more than that.
@@nvelsen1975 There are further 2000 km^2 of exclusion zone to the north of the station, in Belarus. In total there are about 4000 km^2 excluded today. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polesie_State_Radioecological_Reserve Area: 2,162 km^2
@@denysvlasenko4952 Nuclear power is the most stupid energy source at current level. Unlimited cost for waist and a not calculatable danger for living beeings
I kinda wish that robotics contests and TV shows like Battebots and Robot Wars could turn their attention to cultivating teams and robots that could attack search and rescue and hazardous tasks. This might create a ready farm club of robot operators, and innovation in the robots themselves. Maybe some of this happens already, and I just haven't heard of it.
Naw, it's possible that all these teams will serve their purpose and cultivate a community of roboticists from which the Search&Rescue and Clean up can pull from
**If you're a highschool student watching this** your next stop is looking up FIRST robotics program, they're an international group providing students everything they need to create robots exactly like the ones you're seeing!! This program is the best kept secret for students interested in STEM classes
It's interesting because I just watched another video about the Fukushima disaster a couple days ago and without seeing this video I mentioned in the comments section how using robots of some kind could eliminate a lot of problems.... and here I am watching this video
if I remember correctly the main fuckup was in powerplant design in that somebody tried to save som money and placed the emergency power supplies right next to the reactors instead of up the hill where they were initially planned to be …. Emergency generators were flooded hence the cooling pumps stopped…. Boom
The coastline of Miyagi prefecture was one of the worst-hit regions. Police estimated 10-thousand dead among the 2.3 million people who lived in the prefecture, the Japanese equivalent of a state. Millions of people spent nights with little food, water or heating in near-freezing temperatures as they dealt with the loss of homes and loved ones. While 12 Japanese TV channels that were all playing comedy shows no news updates or anything just comedy TV shows playing the clear ignorance of corporate media was on full display. If that's not bad enough they had went out and had recruited the homeless Japanese elderly men to go help cleanup the nuke mess.
I'd be very curious to see an analysis of the value of the electricity generated over the lifetime of the reactors at Fukushima vs. the costs to date of the cleanup. Cleanup costs continue to escalate years after the accident.
@@coraltown1 Does it really matter where a nuclear reactor is placed when the entire length of the country is perpetually subjected to earthquakes largely due to the fact that it sits in the middle of a volcanic region and shifting tectonic plates?
@@RenKnight347 Seeing as the reactors were undamaged by the quake, it was damaged by a loss of cooling incident from the ensuing tsunami, then yes it makes a difference. At the very least they could have had the backup generator plant a half mile inland. Transmission would be a problem then of course.
It is so damn difficult just trying to get the details of what happened, and what is going on, so thank you for this. They said that the first robots were Irobot, and everyone in the entire world collectively took a breath and said why the heck did they use USA robots. hahaha I was under the impression that the site had all reactive uranium waste removed, but i guess not. I hope they are able to pull out the rest of the nuclear doodoo pile out the bottom of the reactor safely.
@@TimPerfetto This sounds easier than I thought. Then could you please tell me why they still leave it there, rather than disassemble the core and clear the site?
Immediate imposed dose of 20,000 rad when annual exposure 300 millirem, for diagnosis purpose possible absorbed 0.300 rad if at all but over a year beside various types ... Those measurements could be exclusively for Gamma, definitely mutating cells & circuitry!😳That's the specs required for entry, then everything else🙄Much respects for dealing with that along with meeting challenges & continued recovery!😁
Yes, but we had two divisions; Commercial Division built 'Roomba'. Government/Military/Industrial Division (which included the Research Division) built 'Packbot' and later 'Neo' (the larger robot which was renamed 'Warrior' series). The Military Industrial Division was spun off to FLIR, which is itself now owned by Teledyne.
@Asianometry Could you do a video on Murata Machinery? i work in AMHS at Texas Instrumets andi think it'd be fascinating to learn about the extent that Japanese company, Murata Machinery (Muratec) has dominated over the AMHS industry
CMOS chips are particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation damage. Due to the layers used to make the P and N-fets, they have a parasitic Thyristor in the substraight. Normally the various wells and layers are biased to keep the thyrsitor turned off, but radiation can bypass these protections and turn it on. The result is that your chip now shorts out the power rails and usually goes up in smoke. Interestingly, modern low voltage processes don't suffer from this as a thyristor takes 1.4v to turn on. So if the chip's operating voltage is less than 1.4V it becomes nearly immune to this failure.
Luckilly robot technology has evolved so much now. I was in chernobyl and the robots on display there where still very basic. Especially compared with these.
There is a _very good reason_ why reactor units have housings and especially _upper floors_ .. Unfortunately these reactors lost effectively everything and we see that in the images following the events as well as the videos we all saw of them completely destructing. In 1 we could see it all leaving in a detonation creating a true mushroom cloud of ridiculous amounts of hot particles (huh hmmmm) .. read the FOIA requested minutes 😭
What I did notice was the strong product / company naming on the first US segment. Russian accident was just dismissed out of hand as being incompetent. Japan has now had a good deal of success with new robots but no product / company naming of course although we could see Mitsubishi Hitachi etc.
The flaw designs of nuclear reactors plant, newer design should avoid this from happening again, US, France and China have a lot nuclear power plants that need to be upgraded to resist this type of accident from happening again
None of this would have happened if the backup generators were farther up the hill instead of below the reactors, behind a seawall that didn't meet current regulations.
@@nvelsen1975 Search for "1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood". They almost managed to pull a Fukushima even without having a tsunami (just a high tide during a strong wind).
Best video in this subject, thank you. If this video gets a lot of views, you might do a short video giving an update on Japan dumping all the radioactive water. There is very little information on that.
Robots normally performed at nuclear factories (NWF also). Avail robots at Chernobel NPF didn't fail, they simply tried to neutralize as many humans as possible to compomize and dissolute USSR.
Cool robots. They look expensive though.. You can buy man-portable 3-phase 480v generators for around $5000 ea.. Trash pumps cost around $400 ea. With a few basic tools, a semi-skilled technician could have pumped the pump rooms dry with the trash pump, rinsed/dried the pump motor windings/wiring with rubbing alcohol and a hair dryer, direct wired the pump motors to run in synchronous mode to the generators, and restored basic cooling flow to these reactors well before damage occurred. I'm baffled that there isn't a requirement for this basic equipment be stored on site (sealed shipping container or hardened room?) and a procedure in place to implement in case of a flow loss.. Imagine the cost of all these robots, cleanup efforts, unusable land, displaced residents, and damage to the reputation of nuclear energy. A little forethought, a few bucks worth of equipment, and a few guys who knew how to operate the system would have prevented this whole mess. Such a shame.
Amen! *THIS* is what made me lose confidence in nuclear power industry. I'm not afraid of radiation per se. I'm afraid these people are incapable of running reactors safely. They didn't have any plans what to do on total power loss. (The emergency manual had "it can't happen" written about this scenario. Yes, really). They did not have enough portable battery lights. They did not have enough portable dosimeters (IOW: Chernobyl lessons NOT learned). Unit 1 had a very simple, robust emergency cooling system which could work for ~8 hours with no operator action necessary, and after 8h it could be topped up with more cooling water by a mere firefighter truck (no fancy powerful pumps needed), but even that one failed to work! (because they did not have plans how to activate it when all power is lost, and because steam valves leading to it automatically closed and then lost power). They did not have filters on emergency steam vents (and did not have plans when to vent a reactor with overheating water inside). Worse! US reactors of a similar design did not install such filters even TODAY, _after_ Fukushima!
Guess you should have mentioned the robot shortly used on the roof of Chernobyl reactor simply killed itself in action by driving off the roof! No electric devices could function under the tremendous radiation level. Even the Helicopter pilots heroically flying sand and lead into the chaos received damaging dosis of radiation.
Absolutely fascinating. I'm so glad to hear they're on the way to decomissioning. Hopefully people will be able to return safely if they wish....ah but there's the rub!
I think at this point, the biggest obstacle to people returning to the affected cities is that they've probably set life elsewhere already well enough to not want to come back. It's been 11 years already after all.
Its a political problem; its already safe enough to repopulate the area. There wasn't much radioactive material released from the reactors. But everyone remembered Chernobyl and don't trust the authorities. Don't blame them personally even if I don't agree with the assessment.
It's a shame to see technology go to waste. I developed military robotics in the US Army in the late 80's, and the stuff I worked on was more capable than what got sent to Japan - and you don't even want to know about how badly they've fumbled on drone tech.
The best Japanese idea was to put the generators in the basement beside to the sea in a seismic zone is brilliant !. The post-nuclear disaster management is a joke.
very good video, but please start citing your sources. since you neither build nor did any research on these robots yourself, I gather it all comes from online and academic sources. I realize that there are a few little quotations at the bottom, but those seem to be neither all the instances of quotation nor can you actually find the original source. A clear list of references would be highly appreciated.
With radiation the key is how much and how you are exposed. The types of radiation released to the wider environment at Fukushima, monatomic tritium gasses along with other short lived isotopes mostly in other gasses and very limited amounts of relatively well contained solids and corurum makes them not particularly harmful above the natural background radiation outside the plant. In contrast Windscale and Chernobyl released radiation in the form of dust that once ingested or breathed in would cause deep damage in the long term. The fear of radiation causes more harm than the radiation it's self because that fear has been used by vested interests to prevent the development of mostly clean nuclear power. Coal releases far more radiation in a year and kills more people in a day than radiation has since Madame Curie discovered it.
There's a big difference between fear mongering and instilling a healthy respect for something that can cause both long term and instantaneous hazard to life. This isn't helped by 75 years of media sensationalism and dystopian fables. And then there will always be the nutcases... whom, ironically, might actually be saved further brain damage by their tinfoil hats.
@@mjbaricua7403 what do you mean? We are entering an age where electricity generation will be free for most people and businesses or will cost pennies or fractions of a penny to buy what you can not generate yourself. Newest nukes have a fixed cost of over 25 cents per kwh over their entire lifetime to make them financially viable. Who is going to be willing to pay that? Either nobody and the thing has to be boarded up or government has to subsedise it in order for it to put it's electricity on the market at said market rates. Which in the end will mean it has to be subsedised for 95% with public money for half a century or more. Imagine building 10 of them or something, that will be billions a year flushed down the toilet. And that is if nothing goes wrong and some sort of solution will be found to deal with it's waste. The whole idea is just absurd.
@@mjbaricua7403 if electricity costs a penny per kwh during the day and 25 cent kwh during night time, how long will it take for you to go out and buy a storage appliance for a couple of 100 bucks to hang in a closet somewhere so you can simply buy what you need at night during the day. And what is left over push back into the grid for a nice profit before the sun comes up again. A battery pack will pay for itself in months. Anybody not doing it will be an idiot. And that doesn't even factor in the massive turbine parks being build all over that will be pumping electricity into the system during both night and day. Wind energy is even cheaper then pv, although you can not do that yourself at home for free. The cost disparity is just to massive. When timeshifting the cheap energy is cheaper then generating it at the time, timeshifting will be what the market is going to do. It is simple economics.
I guess in hindsight it would’ve been a good ider to put the reactors on a hill and draw water, sure you lose some power pumping water, but you don’t have this problem.
Not to downplay these terrible, however rare tragedies, but overall, our rejection of nuclear power was a massive mistake, and the environment has paid dearly for it as we continue to rely on fossil fuels for our electricity
You are completely correct. The three major disasters that everyone talks about were all avoidable. Chernobyl was poorly constructed, rushed into production (rushing and nuclear don't go together), and forced to undergo a test it wasn't able to perform successfully TWICE (failed on the second one and melted down). Fukushima was a case of bad luck all in all, but could have been prevented if any of the following had been different: if the barriers to flood waters and tsunami's were bigger, if the doors to the basement level generators were reinforced, or if the generators control panels were placed higher up so they didn't short out so quickly. Three Mile Island was poor design that allowed a valve to be stuck open while the indicator light would say otherwise. The control room was poorly designed all in all and the operators had to deal with that, conflicting readings (again bad design of the control room), and relentless telephone calls from everyone but the people they needed to speak to. No one ever talks about the 100's of other nuclear plants that operate fine and generate power with no issues . . . . because nothing happened and as a result, there is a massive bias. The power where I live comes from a nuclear plant that has been running just fine since before I was born. No problems here, and I bet 99% of people around me don't know our power (of which has been perfectly reliable) is nuclear. What a shame.
You are completely wrong! Catastrophic failure rate for nuclear reactors is roughly 1%, and it us huge number, if you consider consequences."'Rare" in this context is one for a million, IMHO. Nuclear fission energy is simply byproduct of an atomic bomb, and if you take all risks and complete costs into account, it is too expensive to use.
@@АлексейДеменёв-э9у "Nuclear fission energy is simply byproduct of an atomic bomb..." Tell me you don't know what you are talking about without telling me you don't know what you are talking about.
@@АлексейДеменёв-э9у it is too expensive and unsafe, and yet France has gotten over 70% of their electricity from Nuclear energy over the last 50 years, has had no accidents, has some of the cheapest electricity in Europe, which has led to some of the lowest inflation rates in Europe, and they are planning to build even more Nuclear power stations www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/France-outlines-plans-to-speed-new-nuclear
@@Jim54_ Right now 1/3 of their reactors are shutdown due to maintenance. Have higher Energy price than Germany and buying plenty of german electricity. Nukes arent the holy grail.
He "forgot to mention it" because such thing did not happen. The water heated to about 90 C but the pool was eventually refilled, water did not boil out or leaked out.
@@МаксимСоколов-д4я Wrong. Fuel in the pools did not melt. When fuel does not melt, ceramic pellets have little leakage even if the cladding fails and water reaches the pellets. Fuel _in reactors_ did melt, and released all its fission products, including volatile ones. Almost all xenon, krypton, iodine and caesium escapes under these conditions.
I've wondered for a long time about how radiation can affect electronics, and computers. Does this kind of hardening benefit a computer trying to survive an EMP, or large scale solar event? Might be a cool video topic.
The fragile part of the micro electronics is so thin that most high energy particles will go through it without hitting an atom. The chance there is a lethal hit in the sensitive layer is really small. The effect is completely different from emp as emp will always 'hit' no matter the thickness of the electronics. It is much easier to block emp than to block energetic particles though.
No, the rad-hardening is quite different from EMP hardening. This is because EMP is basically a blast of a high intensity radio to microwave energy literally at all frequencies at once, with astounding slew rates. Any length of wire or a PCB trace is a resonant antenna for some frequency, and in a sudden you get hundreds to thousands of volts across all of them. Protecting against this nastiness involves putting the device in a shielding metal box with absolutely minimal openings, adding on a metric crapton of protective circuitry on every wire that goes in, out, or thru the device, double shielding every cable and putting them into a tightly soldered metallic conduit buried underground, and hoping for the best.
Rad-hardening, on the other hand, applies to the semiconductor devices only. Besides semiconductors, there are other components like resistors, capacitors, inductors, motors and relays, switches etc, those are mostly unaffected by radiation unless we’re talking crazy dose rates like those to be encountered inside a working nuclear reactor. Rad-hardening, as explained by the author, involves making the semiconductor devices beefier, like using a decades old node sizes, using silicon on insulator (sapphire), and doing lots of design tricks like anti-latchup circuitry, ECC RAM, implementing watchdogs, arbiters and voting logic among several redundant units among other things.
4:04 iRobot, even with military robots they cannot get away from the vacuum cleaning duty.
A sword can save you on the worst day of your life, but a potato sustains your life every day.
Yup. Just when I thought I was free, they pulllllll me me back in.
The areas surrounding the Daiichi plants are practically ghost towns. And what do you do to ghost towns? The Japanese government says robotic test field.
In 2020 the Fukushima Robotic Test Field (RTF) was opened to research institutions and start-ups. It is facilitated with an underwater and a small-sized aerial runway, providing a huge variety of robots that can be developed there.
I had a chance to have a job interview with an eVTOL start-up based in the Fukushima RTF. Since they are developing full-size man-piloted aircraft they cannot fly their aircraft anywhere near the residential area, and even when they can, they cannot fly it too high or for too long without risking annoying or scaring the residents, making their workflow painfully impractical. They admit having a place in the Fukushima RTF is a live saver for them. And as an engineering student, I am amazed by the robots developed there.
Thanks, this is useful information.
This is very interesting to me.
Thanks for sharing.
Dang! Some post apocalyptic stuff.
Great for robots.
Really good video. I worked on this project for four years. We were looking to add ultrasonic arrays onto little sunfish to allow it to see debris under dust and to image leaks in the PCV by virtue of Doppler shift in bubbles.
A small note, the X100b penetration was always there. It wasn't added post accident.
@Karl with a K A dozen laptops? All 12 would fail within seconds of each other.
@Karl with a K Ok Ken.
@Karl with a K get a dozen laptops as a radiation proofing scheme would not work
3:00 I would say that's a good call and not a "bureaucratic decision", as the helicopters were probably denied from cleaning up the rooftop debris because their rotor wash definitely would've spread the finer radioactive debris far and wide.
Great video!
The nane of the 1st "Japanese" robot quince is pronounced "queens"... Not from 15 in spanish but from the Q generation of rescue robot who all have flowers names. The previous version (K version) was Kenaf and the one after quince was the S one called Sakura.
We designed Quince for search and rescue with a great focus of being able to climbed stairs which was exactly what it did.
This channel is not known for good pronunciations (check how he say DRAM). But if you can overlook that the videos generally have good info.
"we designed"- were you involved in its development? 😯
@@ryanpitasky487 yes I was... I joined the project two years before the earthquake, at the very beginning of the design of the Q version of the NEDO robot. It was originally a search and rescue robot.
Yerah that bit was painful to see him mention...It is definitely Quince (pronounced Kw-ins) like "wince" as in "he winced when the bully hit him hard in the belly" - Botanical name - Cydonia Oblonga, There are 3 flowering quince varieties across Asia. We used to have a huge tree in our back yard where I grew up. So if named after flowers it stands to reason it was this, and absolutely not Spanish. Someone below mentioned the channel not being the best with pronunciation..but really this isn't just about pronunciation, some proper research would have lead to the proper conclusioon and not just "Kin-che is spanish for 15, but I'm not sure that was what they were going for..."
@@lklmmedia4715 *playing the world smallest violin*
Dang, there is no limit to the cool topics you come up with! :)
It’s crazy
3:06 the robot used at Chernobyl is related to the Lunokhod 1 and 2 moon rovers from the 1970s. That relationship is more 'designed by the same team' than 'uses the same hardware', as far as I can find the only hardware design copied mostly from Lunokhod was the electronics.
Condition: "It Survived"
that's hardcore
Excellent narrative of where the cleanup is going - thanks for sharing.
The PackBot limitations sound like a training issue. PackBots were built to climb stairs, but you have to move the arm forward when climbing to keep the CG in a good place to guarantee traction on the stairs. They also have fiber tethers for areas where RF comms don't work. Maybe they didn't have that add-on. And it was interesting to hear that Warrior robots were used! Not many of those were ever made.
Great work as always, I hope you cover more disaster relief or search&rescue robots in the future because they are such a woefully underfunded and under-reported field. Hope to be able to participate in it one day.
Yep more pro communist propaganda as always... Soviets moon robot was crap so they purchased robot from the west, but because they even in this case were not able to not lie to the west, they lied about the real level of radioactivity so they lowered the real number by one digit and the robot shielding was made for 1/10 of what was realy on that roof... so the robot was burned by the radiation in no time and "bio-robots" were used.
Ofc enen now no real data how many of them died and what kind of diseases they got because of that work, not to mention how this video is not mentioning why the radioactive stuff ended up on the roof->contrary to Three Mile Island accident->and Soviet accident was after the American one and Americans did not hided it like Soviets with every other accident before the one in Chernobyl->that was announced by Swedish powerplant that started detecting stuff from Chernobyl even in Sweeden...
I hope you cover more disaster relief or search&rescue robots in the future GOOD IDEA. AN ASIANOMETRY REPORT ON THE THAI CAVE RESCUE OF THEIR YOUTH SOCCER TEAM WOULD BE REALLY INTERESTING TO ME. THIS APPEARS TO BE A COMBINATION OF INCREDIBLE BRAVERY AND TECHNOLOGY.
This is a really cool topic. If you did videos on nuclear tech in asia, I'd watch it.
i second this
cute pfp
@@Scaramouche122 i second this
You're the man!!! Love the content. High quality, concise, and educational
I remember watching videos about this about a decade ago and they discussed the robotics that would need to be invented in order to work down there and those conditions. Pretty cool being able to see what was developed.
Robots have come such a long way and yet have so much further to go.
it's crazy how relatively little ai has advanced robotics so far - even Boston dynamics barely used ai for most of their existence. despite crazy advanced stuff like chatgpt coming out, learned motor control is mostly not used for serious purposes. it'll probably change pretty quick over the next few years as it gets more reliable
Especially if they are only 13 centimeters.
they will take forever if we just put them aside and forget everything we learned every couple years.
Rats have come such a long way and yet have so much further to go
@@laurenpinschannels i think the Teslabot is going to rapidly make great strides in AI controlled robotics
We actually just had a talk by one of the chief international inspectors for the accident a few days ago - he mentioned a lot of the safety measures are massively overkill (e.g. storing the tritiated water, which is actually basically not a threat at all)
True I work in Nuclear science for DOE in high radiation areas.
So much hype myths nonsense about this online ..
Insane to try to discuss with many who have no education in science physics etc.
@@Nudnik1 tell me about it! And the whole freezing the ground thing is ludicrous too.
The physics behind nuclear will always be a hindrance to the industry - it's very hard to educate the public on stuff that can get quite involved (considering that most people have very little science education). We actually discussed with the professors and people in our research groups how we run the risk of looking like we think we're all-knowing gods if we just tell the public "it's too complicated for you just trust the smart people"
Ahh yes.. ofcourse...
@@flubadubdubthegreat1272 Younger generations seem to be convinced that technology as a whole has moved forward therefor we should attempt to use new generation of power plant designs rather than to let the sins of the past hold us back. It's almost kind rebellious to be pro-nuclear power given that all that the younger generations have heard is 40 year old anti-nuclear arguments.
People want to be pro-renewables but the problem is that field is going nowhere fast & requires exotic & expensive methods to address the pitfalls such as battery or mechanical energy storage.Even if we were to adopt something like molten salt energy storage you're still producing the fraction of energy that is a full sized nuclear power plant.
If a politician came out and suggested that we keep old nuclear facilities open but replace components so that instead of it being 1960s technology it would be the most advanced available, then he or she would gather a lot of support because that politician would be arguing that we don't build new nuclear power plant locations, but instead to be improving the current locations. In the eyes of the public it would be doing the equivlant of upgrading from 1st gen Iphone to the 14th generation.
An old nuclear power plant has plenty of reusable components such as office buildings, cooling towers, Cooling pools & dry storage, and power substations. There are even talks of converting coal power plant locations into nuclear with little local opposition.
@@jmd1743 Sounds like it is just cheaper to build a new one, but not the fucking huge one being built today.
Nice video thanks. Interesting explanations regarding the radiation mitigation techniques for electronics. I do work at the European Space Agency as a micro electonics engineer, we do face similar issues with respect to radiation effects and therefore we do apply similar mitigation tectniques.
the robot called "warrior" arrived & started cleaning & vacuuming.
I just love how things work sometimes
no security camera footage of the explosion at the plant? it's out there, would make the video better.
Fantastic video. I worked 30 years at AREVA aka Framatome Nuclear Service Company and this was interesting and well put together.
Excellent video! By far the best video on the Fukushima disaster cleanup effort that I've seen!
Keep up the good work!
The reason that few people are returning is not that there is more cleanup needed. It is just that a very long time has passed and most people are now settled in different circumstances.
Also, recommended reading: "On the Brink: The Inside Story of Fukushima Daiichi"
Still surprised that Japan didnt have any other robots that could have been suitable.
how tepco still have a licence to run this facility is beyond me. forged safety docs, cut cutting at the expense of safety, really poor response. basic engineers who didn't realise that during rainy season water flows downhill. tepco are making a fortune out of the "clean up". nuclear is cool, glad that in the west with the energy supply issue things are changing.
Sources for these claims are direly, direly needed. That plant ate not one but two disasters 'top 10 of all time' category consecutively and very little happened despite human error compounding it.
Which means it's quite safe.
As you heard in this video a meltdown didn't actually do anything because the reactor is built on a containment vessel. They could pretty go "Oh well, it was fun while it lasted", close the door on that particular reactor and leave.
I mean do we clean up after other sources of power? We don't. We don't pick up all the burned coal and put it back inside the mines. Nuclear power leaving a tiny footprint of spent reactors is still the cleanest and safest form of power on a geographical scale.
@@nvelsen1975 > I mean do we clean up after other sources of power? We don't.
Because other sources of power do not leave materials which can kill you with invisible rays without you feeling anything at first.
> Nuclear power leaving a tiny footprint of spent reactors is still the cleanest and safest form of power on a geographical scale.
Name me another type of power generation which created 4000km^2 of land permanently uninhabitable (Chernobyl Exclusion Zone).
@@denysvlasenko4952
There is no need to answer your question, since your question is based on a lie.
The original zone was 2600 km² and has in effect been shrinking since then.
But to answer your question anyway, hydro power has done that and way more than that.
@@nvelsen1975 There are further 2000 km^2 of exclusion zone to the north of the station, in Belarus. In total there are about 4000 km^2 excluded today.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polesie_State_Radioecological_Reserve
Area: 2,162 km^2
@@denysvlasenko4952 Nuclear power is the most stupid energy source at current level.
Unlimited cost for waist and a not calculatable danger for living beeings
Thank you very much for making this video and sheading light on what is happening at fukushima power plant
Japan asks America for robots ?
6:35 Quince may also refer to the fruit from central Asia.
I kinda wish that robotics contests and TV shows like Battebots and Robot Wars could turn their attention to cultivating teams and robots that could attack search and rescue and hazardous tasks. This might create a ready farm club of robot operators, and innovation in the robots themselves. Maybe some of this happens already, and I just haven't heard of it.
Naw, it's possible that all these teams will serve their purpose and cultivate a community of roboticists from which the Search&Rescue and Clean up can pull from
**If you're a highschool student watching this**
your next stop is looking up FIRST robotics program, they're an international group providing students everything they need to create robots exactly like the ones you're seeing!! This program is the best kept secret for students interested in STEM classes
Ooh, how much is it
Awesome photos, especially the ones inside of the reactor 👍
Ohhhh I'm so pumped for this, I've only ever heard of these lil guys, never looked into their design at all
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as usual, a well done and timely report. thank you for all the work and then sharing.
It's interesting because I just watched another video about the Fukushima disaster a couple days ago and without seeing this video I mentioned in the comments section how using robots of some kind could eliminate a lot of problems.... and here I am watching this video
You mean the robots that short out after a minute due to extreme nuclear radiation levels?!?! Oh ya those are dope af
if I remember correctly the main fuckup was in powerplant design in that somebody tried to save som money and placed the emergency power supplies right next to the reactors instead of up the hill where they were initially planned to be …. Emergency generators were flooded hence the cooling pumps stopped…. Boom
Worse still, they put the generators in a basement of all places.
The coastline of Miyagi prefecture was one of the worst-hit regions. Police estimated 10-thousand dead among the 2.3 million people who lived in the prefecture, the Japanese equivalent of a state. Millions of people spent nights with little food, water or heating in near-freezing temperatures as they dealt with the loss of homes and loved ones. While 12 Japanese TV channels that were all playing comedy shows no news updates or anything just comedy TV shows playing the clear ignorance of corporate media was on full display. If that's not bad enough they had went out and had recruited the homeless Japanese elderly men to go help cleanup the nuke mess.
I think a quince is also a type of citrus but... That doesn't make any more or less sense than "fifteen"
Not citrus. Something like a pear
@@TheGreatAtario ah, never had one, only ever seen them lol
Excellent summary of the cleanup activities, and really cool robots! Thanks for sharing!
I'd be very curious to see an analysis of the value of the electricity generated over the lifetime of the reactors at Fukushima vs. the costs to date of the cleanup. Cleanup costs continue to escalate years after the accident.
あなたは愚かで、髪の毛のようなにおいがします
or they could have put the reactor on the west side of the island, not exposed to giant tsunamis.
@@coraltown1
Does it really matter where a nuclear reactor is placed when the entire length of the country is perpetually subjected to earthquakes largely due to the fact that it sits in the middle of a volcanic region and shifting tectonic plates?
@@RenKnight347 Seeing as the reactors were undamaged by the quake, it was damaged by a loss of cooling incident from the ensuing tsunami, then yes it makes a difference. At the very least they could have had the backup generator plant a half mile inland. Transmission would be a problem then of course.
It is so damn difficult just trying to get the details of what happened, and what is going on, so thank you for this. They said that the first robots were Irobot, and everyone in the entire world collectively took a breath and said why the heck did they use USA robots. hahaha I was under the impression that the site had all reactive uranium waste removed, but i guess not. I hope they are able to pull out the rest of the nuclear doodoo pile out the bottom of the reactor safely.
It is so damn difficult just trying to get the details of the doodoo pile hahaha I was under the robot but was able to pull out
The core melted, leak under the ground, and is now in direct contact with the underground water.
@@kanlu5199 No it did not. The core is in direct contact with the ground after it melted
@@TimPerfetto This sounds easier than I thought. Then could you please tell me why they still leave it there, rather than disassemble the core and clear the site?
@@kanlu5199 How dare you ruin our lives
Immediate imposed dose of 20,000 rad when annual exposure 300 millirem, for diagnosis purpose possible absorbed 0.300 rad if at all but over a year beside various types ... Those measurements could be exclusively for Gamma, definitely mutating cells & circuitry!😳That's the specs required for entry, then everything else🙄Much respects for dealing with that along with meeting challenges & continued recovery!😁
During this video I was constantly asking myself if this voice was a robot or a human (CG voices are always improving.)
irobot! they're the roomba guys
Yes, but we had two divisions; Commercial Division built 'Roomba'. Government/Military/Industrial Division (which included the Research Division) built 'Packbot' and later 'Neo' (the larger robot which was renamed 'Warrior' series). The Military Industrial Division was spun off to FLIR, which is itself now owned by Teledyne.
@@edwilliams9914 hi Ed!
13:59 well that's... Disturbing
Great research as always. Thanks for bringing to light something which has been under-reported. Fascinating and well presented.
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@Asianometry Could you do a video on Murata Machinery? i work in AMHS at Texas Instrumets andi think it'd be fascinating to learn about the extent that Japanese company, Murata Machinery (Muratec) has dominated over the AMHS industry
CMOS chips are particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation damage. Due to the layers used to make the P and N-fets, they have a parasitic Thyristor in the substraight. Normally the various wells and layers are biased to keep the thyrsitor turned off, but radiation can bypass these protections and turn it on. The result is that your chip now shorts out the power rails and usually goes up in smoke. Interestingly, modern low voltage processes don't suffer from this as a thyristor takes 1.4v to turn on. So if the chip's operating voltage is less than 1.4V it becomes nearly immune to this failure.
Luckilly robot technology has evolved so much now.
I was in chernobyl and the robots on display there where still very basic. Especially compared with these.
Great video, thank you!
Regards,
Anthony
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... I find it hard to believe at times that this event happened over a decade ago. x_x
There is a _very good reason_ why reactor units have housings and especially _upper floors_ ..
Unfortunately these reactors lost effectively everything and we see that in the images following the events as well as the videos we all saw of them completely destructing.
In 1 we could see it all leaving in a detonation creating a true mushroom cloud of ridiculous amounts of hot particles (huh hmmmm) .. read the FOIA requested minutes 😭
Thanks very educational
Great video. It would have been useful to know what radiation levels were measured in and around the corian.
What I did notice was the strong product / company naming on the first US segment.
Russian accident was just dismissed out of hand as being incompetent.
Japan has now had a good deal of success with new robots but no product / company naming of course although we could see Mitsubishi Hitachi etc.
Outstanding report
Chiba is coincidentally the opening setting of William Gibson's Nueromancer.
Thank you ! That was very interesting !
Awesome work, I look forward to more
The flaw designs of nuclear reactors plant, newer design should avoid this from happening again, US, France and China have a lot nuclear power plants that need to be upgraded to resist this type of accident from happening again
Yeah, with all the huge earthquakes and tsunamis that happen in France every year..... 😆
None of this would have happened if the backup generators were farther up the hill instead of below the reactors, behind a seawall that didn't meet current regulations.
@@nvelsen1975 yet 70% of France's energy comes from nuclear
@@nvelsen1975 Search for "1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood". They almost managed to pull a Fukushima even without having a tsunami (just a high tide during a strong wind).
@@denysvlasenko4952
Good point. Another set of extremely rare circumstances and yet no accident happened at all.
Best video in this subject, thank you. If this video gets a lot of views, you might do a short video giving an update on Japan dumping all the radioactive water. There is very little information on that.
Thank you.
Robots normally performed at nuclear factories (NWF also). Avail robots at Chernobel NPF didn't fail, they simply tried to neutralize as many humans as possible to compomize and dissolute USSR.
Keep your silly conspiracy nonsense for your friends.
@@krashd seems you're part of it ... )
Cool robots. They look expensive though..
You can buy man-portable 3-phase 480v generators for around $5000 ea.. Trash pumps cost around $400 ea. With a few basic tools, a semi-skilled technician could have pumped the pump rooms dry with the trash pump, rinsed/dried the pump motor windings/wiring with rubbing alcohol and a hair dryer, direct wired the pump motors to run in synchronous mode to the generators, and restored basic cooling flow to these reactors well before damage occurred.
I'm baffled that there isn't a requirement for this basic equipment be stored on site (sealed shipping container or hardened room?) and a procedure in place to implement in case of a flow loss.. Imagine the cost of all these robots, cleanup efforts, unusable land, displaced residents, and damage to the reputation of nuclear energy. A little forethought, a few bucks worth of equipment, and a few guys who knew how to operate the system would have prevented this whole mess. Such a shame.
Thanks for this!
Amen! *THIS* is what made me lose confidence in nuclear power industry. I'm not afraid of radiation per se. I'm afraid these people are incapable of running reactors safely.
They didn't have any plans what to do on total power loss. (The emergency manual had "it can't happen" written about this scenario. Yes, really).
They did not have enough portable battery lights. They did not have enough portable dosimeters (IOW: Chernobyl lessons NOT learned).
Unit 1 had a very simple, robust emergency cooling system which could work for ~8 hours with no operator action necessary, and after 8h it could be topped up with more cooling water by a mere firefighter truck (no fancy powerful pumps needed), but even that one failed to work! (because they did not have plans how to activate it when all power is lost, and because steam valves leading to it automatically closed and then lost power).
They did not have filters on emergency steam vents (and did not have plans when to vent a reactor with overheating water inside).
Worse! US reactors of a similar design did not install such filters even TODAY, _after_ Fukushima!
Guess you should have mentioned the robot shortly used on the roof of Chernobyl reactor simply killed itself in action by driving off the roof!
No electric devices could function under the tremendous radiation level.
Even the Helicopter pilots heroically flying sand and lead into the chaos received damaging dosis of radiation.
Absolutely fascinating. I'm so glad to hear they're on the way to decomissioning. Hopefully people will be able to return safely if they wish....ah but there's the rub!
I think at this point, the biggest obstacle to people returning to the affected cities is that they've probably set life elsewhere already well enough to not want to come back. It's been 11 years already after all.
Its a political problem; its already safe enough to repopulate the area. There wasn't much radioactive material released from the reactors. But everyone remembered Chernobyl and don't trust the authorities. Don't blame them personally even if I don't agree with the assessment.
Quince if pronounced kinsei probably refers to the Japanese word for Venus, 金星
Thanks for this video! Very interesting! I hope you’ll make a follow-up!
Very interesting, TY
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It's a shame to see technology go to waste. I developed military robotics in the US Army in the late 80's, and the stuff I worked on was more capable than what got sent to Japan - and you don't even want to know about how badly they've fumbled on drone tech.
It was brilliant to put the backup generators in the basement.
The best Japanese idea was to put the generators in the basement beside to the sea in a seismic zone is brilliant !. The post-nuclear disaster management is a joke.
very good video, but please start citing your sources. since you neither build nor did any research on these robots yourself, I gather it all comes from online and academic sources. I realize that there are a few little quotations at the bottom, but those seem to be neither all the instances of quotation nor can you actually find the original source. A clear list of references would be highly appreciated.
Agree!!!!
With radiation the key is how much and how you are exposed. The types of radiation released to the wider environment at Fukushima, monatomic tritium gasses along with other short lived isotopes mostly in other gasses and very limited amounts of relatively well contained solids and corurum makes them not particularly harmful above the natural background radiation outside the plant.
In contrast Windscale and Chernobyl released radiation in the form of dust that once ingested or breathed in would cause deep damage in the long term.
The fear of radiation causes more harm than the radiation it's self because that fear has been used by vested interests to prevent the development of mostly clean nuclear power. Coal releases far more radiation in a year and kills more people in a day than radiation has since Madame Curie discovered it.
Who wants to pay for nuke energy? They are an economical dead end.
There's a big difference between fear mongering and instilling a healthy respect for something that can cause both long term and instantaneous hazard to life.
This isn't helped by 75 years of media sensationalism and dystopian fables.
And then there will always be the nutcases... whom, ironically, might actually be saved further brain damage by their tinfoil hats.
@@baronvonlimbourgh1716 how so?
@@mjbaricua7403 what do you mean? We are entering an age where electricity generation will be free for most people and businesses or will cost pennies or fractions of a penny to buy what you can not generate yourself.
Newest nukes have a fixed cost of over 25 cents per kwh over their entire lifetime to make them financially viable. Who is going to be willing to pay that?
Either nobody and the thing has to be boarded up or government has to subsedise it in order for it to put it's electricity on the market at said market rates. Which in the end will mean it has to be subsedised for 95% with public money for half a century or more.
Imagine building 10 of them or something, that will be billions a year flushed down the toilet. And that is if nothing goes wrong and some sort of solution will be found to deal with it's waste.
The whole idea is just absurd.
@@mjbaricua7403 if electricity costs a penny per kwh during the day and 25 cent kwh during night time, how long will it take for you to go out and buy a storage appliance for a couple of 100 bucks to hang in a closet somewhere so you can simply buy what you need at night during the day.
And what is left over push back into the grid for a nice profit before the sun comes up again.
A battery pack will pay for itself in months. Anybody not doing it will be an idiot.
And that doesn't even factor in the massive turbine parks being build all over that will be pumping electricity into the system during both night and day. Wind energy is even cheaper then pv, although you can not do that yourself at home for free.
The cost disparity is just to massive. When timeshifting the cheap energy is cheaper then generating it at the time, timeshifting will be what the market is going to do.
It is simple economics.
Fascinating overview
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I guess in hindsight it would’ve been a good ider to put the reactors on a hill and draw water, sure you lose some power pumping water, but you don’t have this problem.
Great content! Thanks for a fascinating video.
Great video, thank you.
Is it just me or does it feel like this disaster in Japan only happened a few years ago, instead of 11 years?
great job, it was fascinating. I wonder about the surrounding land though, it's decontamination since areas/a town were abandoned.
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Great documentation.
Great content!! Info. Source links would be appreciated.
Really interesting. Thanks
Wow, can’t believe I got here so early. Please keep up the great videos topics! 🎉
Might be cool to look into the muon imaging they did on these reactors a few years ago.
Good site for a Liquid Thorium Fueled Reactor.
Not to downplay these terrible, however rare tragedies, but overall, our rejection of nuclear power was a massive mistake, and the environment has paid dearly for it as we continue to rely on fossil fuels for our electricity
You are completely correct. The three major disasters that everyone talks about were all avoidable. Chernobyl was poorly constructed, rushed into production (rushing and nuclear don't go together), and forced to undergo a test it wasn't able to perform successfully TWICE (failed on the second one and melted down). Fukushima was a case of bad luck all in all, but could have been prevented if any of the following had been different: if the barriers to flood waters and tsunami's were bigger, if the doors to the basement level generators were reinforced, or if the generators control panels were placed higher up so they didn't short out so quickly. Three Mile Island was poor design that allowed a valve to be stuck open while the indicator light would say otherwise. The control room was poorly designed all in all and the operators had to deal with that, conflicting readings (again bad design of the control room), and relentless telephone calls from everyone but the people they needed to speak to.
No one ever talks about the 100's of other nuclear plants that operate fine and generate power with no issues . . . . because nothing happened and as a result, there is a massive bias. The power where I live comes from a nuclear plant that has been running just fine since before I was born. No problems here, and I bet 99% of people around me don't know our power (of which has been perfectly reliable) is nuclear. What a shame.
You are completely wrong! Catastrophic failure rate for nuclear reactors is roughly 1%, and it us huge number, if you consider consequences."'Rare" in this context is one for a million, IMHO. Nuclear fission energy is simply byproduct of an atomic bomb, and if you take all risks and complete costs into account, it is too expensive to use.
@@АлексейДеменёв-э9у "Nuclear fission energy is simply byproduct of an atomic bomb..." Tell me you don't know what you are talking about without telling me you don't know what you are talking about.
@@АлексейДеменёв-э9у it is too expensive and unsafe, and yet France has gotten over 70% of their electricity from Nuclear energy over the last 50 years, has had no accidents, has some of the cheapest electricity in Europe, which has led to some of the lowest inflation rates in Europe, and they are planning to build even more Nuclear power stations www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/France-outlines-plans-to-speed-new-nuclear
@@Jim54_ Right now 1/3 of their reactors are shutdown due to maintenance. Have higher Energy price than Germany and buying plenty of german electricity. Nukes arent the holy grail.
great content
I have heard all fukshima reactor were off when the tsunami hit, that why loosing back up cooling led to meltdown. it is wrong?
Could you talk about electron beam lithography? Recently Breaking Taps made a video about it and I didn't even know it was a thing
@Asianometry you credit the manufacturers of all the robots apart from the arm at 15:00.
Are you sure the Quince robot was named after the Spanish "fifteen", and not the English word for a fruit?
They got a robot from I, Robot? I guess Sonny wasn't available, or maybe he decided the Third Law was just a little more important than the Second.
Just fascinating..
You forgot to mention the meltdown in the spent fuel pool in reactor 4, which created massive radioactive pollution.
He "forgot to mention it" because such thing did not happen. The water heated to about 90 C but the pool was eventually refilled, water did not boil out or leaked out.
@@denysvlasenko4952 the spent fuel pool were the main source of radioactive isotopes leaked into the environment.
@@МаксимСоколов-д4я Wrong.
Fuel in the pools did not melt. When fuel does not melt, ceramic pellets have little leakage even if the cladding fails and water reaches the pellets.
Fuel _in reactors_ did melt, and released all its fission products, including volatile ones. Almost all xenon, krypton, iodine and caesium escapes under these conditions.
I like to learn about everything, but what happen at Fukushima is a disgrace and was preventable even for the scale of the storm.
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New types of nuclear reactors won't cause catastrophe even if cooling unit fails. It is time for people to build new type
I've wondered for a long time about how radiation can affect electronics, and computers. Does this kind of hardening benefit a computer trying to survive an EMP, or large scale solar event? Might be a cool video topic.
The fragile part of the micro electronics is so thin that most high energy particles will go through it without hitting an atom. The chance there is a lethal hit in the sensitive layer is really small. The effect is completely different from emp as emp will always 'hit' no matter the thickness of the electronics. It is much easier to block emp than to block energetic particles though.
@@effedrien Interesting!
No, the rad-hardening is quite different from EMP hardening.
This is because EMP is basically a blast of a high intensity radio to microwave energy literally at all frequencies at once, with astounding slew rates. Any length of wire or a PCB trace is a resonant antenna for some frequency, and in a sudden you get hundreds to thousands of volts across all of them.
Protecting against this nastiness involves putting the device in a shielding metal box with absolutely minimal openings, adding on a metric crapton of protective circuitry on every wire that goes in, out, or thru the device, double shielding every cable and putting them into a tightly soldered metallic conduit buried underground, and hoping for the best.
Rad-hardening, on the other hand, applies to the semiconductor devices only.
Besides semiconductors, there are other components like resistors, capacitors, inductors, motors and relays, switches etc, those are mostly unaffected by radiation unless we’re talking crazy dose rates like those to be encountered inside a working nuclear reactor.
Rad-hardening, as explained by the author, involves making the semiconductor devices beefier, like using a decades old node sizes, using silicon on insulator (sapphire), and doing lots of design tricks like anti-latchup circuitry, ECC RAM, implementing watchdogs, arbiters and voting logic among several redundant units among other things.
@@sashimanu are there emp protected computers? How deep underground do you have to be to escape the blast?
What a mess.
Our modern life will cease to exist as we know it without these standards.. Cannot exaggerate that at all!
Let's be honest, the "t-hawk" is really a MAV