CIVILERA
CIVILERA
  • Видео 87
  • Просмотров 291 557
Minimum eccentricity of columns - Is your column design correct?
Understanding of minimum eccentricity of columns is important for correct design of columns
Young engineers have a lot of confusion in Design of columns.
Can I design in ETABS, Why is ETABS giving more reinforcement and so on.
There are many more.
In this video I will cover 2 points pertaining to the eccentricity of columns.
An important point on the load to be considered
An important code provision that is not carefully understood.
Please see the video and comment if you like it. Ask me your questions.
If you like to learn these points that matters most in economising your building structural design, consider my mentoring program👇🏽
course.civilera.com/f/sd-and-cm-lp-1
Просмотров: 1 985

Видео

Column design - Are you Interpreting the minimum reinforcement in column in the right way?
Просмотров 1,7 тыс.8 месяцев назад
Column design is a major step in Structural design of buildings. Structural design of columns involves a lot of structural concepts. This video emphasises on minimum reinforcement in column. Most engineers know that 0.8% is the minimum percentage of steel in column. However a very few know that 0.8% is not really based on the provided area of column design, if the column is over sized. It is ba...
Plinth beam : Plinth beam design I Is it mandatory to model plinth beam for design?
Просмотров 2,2 тыс.11 месяцев назад
#plinthbeam #plinthbeamdesign Plinth beam is a part of the structural frame. It is a part of the lateral load resisting mechanism. Therefore it is mandatory to model plinth beams in your analysis model. The soil under the plinth beam is useful for resisting Gravity loads. But not the same during a seismic action. You need to consider many things before deciding to support the plinth beam on the...
Structural Analysis & Structural Design - Structural check while using structural design software
Просмотров 2,3 тыс.Год назад
Structural design software is heavily relied for structural analysis & structural design. These structural analysis tools and structural design software have made our work more streamlined and efficient. But here's a fact - are you double-checking the results these tools churn out? It is mandatory that we introduce structural checks and validation in our design workflow to ensure that the resul...
IS Code 456 I 4 points to consider while interpreting IS codes
Просмотров 1,5 тыс.Год назад
IS Code 456 or the IS code concrete is the main IS code for Civil engineering. IS code 456 contains all the provision for design and construction of RCC structures. Let it be IS code 456 or any IS code, Interpreting IS codes is an art. In this video, I have indicated, 4 important aspects that you need to know while interpreting IS codes. #Iscode456 #iscode #iscodeconcrete It is very important t...
Beam Reinforcement I Tips when levels are different
Просмотров 2,8 тыс.Год назад
Knowing how to detail beam reinforcement is important for structural engineers. Not just beam detail, structural detailing itself is an important step for structural design. In this video I have explained beam reinforcement detailing when the levels of beams are not same. This beam detail is applicable to floor beams and the methods mentioned are even applicable for plinth beam reinforcement de...
Structural crack inspection as a part time civil engineering job
Просмотров 878Год назад
Structural crack inspection services can be a part time civil engineering career for aspiring structural consultants and civil engineering consultants. Many engineers aspire to consult or freelance early in their civil engineering and structural engineering career. It is very important to diversify your business in order to achieve the revenue target. When we begin as structural engineers or ci...
Can we support a cantilever at the free end after construction?
Просмотров 2,4 тыс.Год назад
We all know that cantilever slabs and beams are undesirable. It is not great to have cantilevers. 3 main reasons to avoid cantilevers are listed below. 1) Cantilever do not provide alternate structural load paths and hence is susceptible to disproportionate collapse 2) Cantilevers reduces the seismic resistance of the building. 3) Cantilevers often needs more member sizes i.e., depth and hence ...
3 Resolutions to improve Civil Engineering
Просмотров 653Год назад
Civil Engineering is the mother of all engineering. Civil engineering has a lot of scope for entrepreneurship especially civil engineering consulting. However there need to be a lot of professionalism and ethics needed in the civil engineering industry. In this video, I will speak about 3 resolutions we all civil engineering professionals should take up for the betterment of the civil & structu...
All you need to know about Core cut, sleeves, and Openings in Beams
Просмотров 1,8 тыс.Год назад
Why do we need openings in beams Why core cutting is a structural issue What is a sleeve How do you plan a sleeve. These are some of the points discussed in this video. Generally, it is not ideal to have services run through the beams. However, it is a challenge to avoid it as the builders will want it due to the building height reason. Same way, core cuts are not allowed as it will create stru...
Why civil engineering jobs are the best career option?
Просмотров 1,2 тыс.2 года назад
Civil engineering jobs are the best option for the right people. In that structural engineering jobs are even better if you have the right skills. It is for the right people who has the right attitude, skills and approach Civil engineers and structural engineers serve the humanity ✔️You build safe homes ✔️You build safe offices ✔️You build safe Schools Structural engineers are creative ✔️ You a...
Structural Design jobs - Why we should learn some thing new in structures every day
Просмотров 8692 года назад
𝐈𝐭 𝐛𝐨𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 Structural design courses boosts your confidence. Achieving something is always pleasant and boosts your confidence. Learning some thing new in structural engineering always gives you a feel of achievement. 𝐈𝐭 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐨𝐝 & 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 The feeling of achieving some thing and confidence will boost your mood and performance (at work). So, it makes even more sense ...
Civil Engineering Jobs - 3 Myths that you should overcome
Просмотров 1 тыс.2 года назад
Civil Engineering jobs are in demand. However, many civil engineers and civil engineering students feel that the number of civil engineers is more and the available civil engineering jobs are not that lucrative. Many civil engineering jobs aspirants are confused about their ability to succeed. Many don’t know the opportunities available. Many just hear the discouraging words of civil engineers ...
Is Sunken Slab always a 4-side discontinuous Slab?
Просмотров 2,6 тыс.2 года назад
Sunken slabs are very common in building structures. Mostly toilet slabs are sunken to accommodate services pipes inside it. Manually designing a sunken slab has been a confusion for young civil & structural engineers. In this video a students question on design of sunken slab is discussed. A sunken slab can be conservatively designed as a 4-side discontinuous slab. This may lead to slight over...
Square Footing or Rectangular Footing - How to decide isolated footing type?
Просмотров 4,1 тыс.2 года назад
Isolated footings are generally of 2 types in shape. Square footing or rectangular footing. Preference is for square footing for square columns and rectangular footing for rectangular columns. The footing design video in todays post explains the reason for this. Isolated footings are designed mainly for 3 things For the moment in the footing For the shear force in the footing The punching shear...
Why is Punching Shear Failure also called Two Way Shear?
Просмотров 3,8 тыс.2 года назад
Why is Punching Shear Failure also called Two Way Shear?
Is Floating Columns allowed in a Building?
Просмотров 4,4 тыс.2 года назад
Is Floating Columns allowed in a Building?
Shear wall & Deep beams - Will you model as Pier or Spandrel
Просмотров 6 тыс.2 года назад
Shear wall & Deep beams - Will you model as Pier or Spandrel
How to decide stringer beam supports for an open well staircase ?
Просмотров 3,3 тыс.2 года назад
How to decide stringer beam supports for an open well staircase ?
How to support a cantilever slab : A practical cantilever example
Просмотров 10 тыс.2 года назад
How to support a cantilever slab : A practical cantilever example
Pattern loading for Live Load and how to apply pattern load in ETABS?
Просмотров 3,2 тыс.2 года назад
Pattern loading for Live Load and how to apply pattern load in ETABS?
ETABS Tutorials on Structural Design of Buildings in a structural design webinar
Просмотров 17 тыс.2 года назад
ETABS Tutorials on Structural Design of Buildings in a structural design webinar
How to model a concealed beam in ETABS & How to design the Hidden Beam
Просмотров 6 тыс.2 года назад
How to model a concealed beam in ETABS & How to design the Hidden Beam
Simply Supported Beams - Will it develop Torsion?
Просмотров 3,3 тыс.2 года назад
Simply Supported Beams - Will it develop Torsion?
What is Earth Quake. Why India is divided in to 5 Seismic Zones?
Просмотров 1,2 тыс.2 года назад
What is Earth Quake. Why India is divided in to 5 Seismic Zones?
How to be Successful in your Civil Engineering Jobs search and structural engineering jobs?
Просмотров 1,8 тыс.2 года назад
How to be Successful in your Civil Engineering Jobs search and structural engineering jobs?
Will Internal Wind Pressure affect the Stability of Buildings?
Просмотров 1,5 тыс.2 года назад
Will Internal Wind Pressure affect the Stability of Buildings?
Sump water tank on top of a foundation? Will this create additional load on the foundation?
Просмотров 9 тыс.2 года назад
Sump water tank on top of a foundation? Will this create additional load on the foundation?
Is Top reinforcement needed for Isolated footings?
Просмотров 7 тыс.2 года назад
Is Top reinforcement needed for Isolated footings?
How to interpret Soil investigation Reports & Geotechnical reports
Просмотров 25 тыс.2 года назад
How to interpret Soil investigation Reports & Geotechnical reports

Комментарии

  • @ASENBASHA-v3k
    @ASENBASHA-v3k 2 дня назад

    very useful thank you sir

  • @ASENBASHA-v3k
    @ASENBASHA-v3k 2 дня назад

    thak you sir for structural informative class

  • @JanPLopez993
    @JanPLopez993 Месяц назад

    Thank you for this info. Very clear explanation.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore Месяц назад

      Thanks for the comment. And nice to know you liked this

  • @JanPLopez993
    @JanPLopez993 Месяц назад

    Excellent points raised, highlighting pertinent considerstions to be undertaken. Thank you!

  • @esabenkeys
    @esabenkeys Месяц назад

    Excellent work 🖤♥️🖤🏆👑⭐🟥

  • @SuperKillbill66
    @SuperKillbill66 Месяц назад

    where is the blog pl ?

  • @alishapradhan9602
    @alishapradhan9602 Месяц назад

    Thank you for this informative video. Could you provide the reinforcement detail in the continuous beam of different widths ?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore Месяц назад

      Please join my group and ask there. When free will sketch for you www.civilera.com/contact-us

  • @jasimscivilengineeringprac4264
    @jasimscivilengineeringprac4264 Месяц назад

    THANK YOU

  • @khalifaalnaamany9330
    @khalifaalnaamany9330 2 месяца назад

    Hello I am not a civil engineer , I m trying to build a car garage with a swimming pool on top of the garage , the garage is 10m x 6m garage with a swimming pool of 8m x 5m and 1.5m depth with six footing and pillars, what size of footing should I use to be on the safe size, thank you

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 2 месяца назад

      Please consult a Structural Engineer in your area and explain and get this designed.

  • @rogasianmassawe8478
    @rogasianmassawe8478 2 месяца назад

    I would really like to use the report for reference how can I get it!?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 2 месяца назад

      Contact me on www.civilera.com/contact-us what do you do by the way

  • @divyadivakar8485
    @divyadivakar8485 2 месяца назад

    Well explained

  • @nramanjaneyulu2842
    @nramanjaneyulu2842 2 месяца назад

    sir if we provide more than max. Reinforcement, is there any problem? in beams, we have over/under reinforced, but in columns, no such things?na?

  • @donfrancis1246
    @donfrancis1246 2 месяца назад

    Thank you Sir a ton! Please do more of such videos.

  • @vandamev1212
    @vandamev1212 3 месяца назад

    Sir, can it also be attributed to the fact that in engineered buildings, factors of safety (F.O.S) have been included in the loads and material strength and that in non-engineered buildings the mistri has coincidentally ended up with a design which just satisfies the load and moment requirements excluding the F.O.S?

  • @nicolasmarie4398
    @nicolasmarie4398 3 месяца назад

    Hi. Thanks for the video. There are situation where we have to put the Longer Bar as B1 and the Shorter Bar as Distribution/B2 bars for example if there is a cantilever adjoined to the longer direction. I will greatly appreciate if you can talk more about this? Thanks.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 3 месяца назад

      B1 need not be always short even in normal slabs. It is dependent on many things. In site it is not practical in a large building as adjacent slabs may have different orientation. For your cantilever question, see if this video has any info ruclips.net/video/8GPx8ZIrZCM/видео.htmlsi=9LUZqg4tTEkJIciA

  • @onaziagbese7779
    @onaziagbese7779 3 месяца назад

    Fantastic

  • @saranshjoshi3167
    @saranshjoshi3167 4 месяца назад

    excellent

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 4 месяца назад

      Thanks for the comment and nice to know you liked it 🙂 What do you do? Are you in my community?

  • @kelvinonyango9177
    @kelvinonyango9177 4 месяца назад

    kindly share the report

  • @luckyali4586
    @luckyali4586 4 месяца назад

    Thanks I was little confused, watching ur Video helped me.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 4 месяца назад

      Great to know the video helped you. What do you do? You are a civil engineer or were looking for a solution while building your own?

  • @Updatedknowledge9
    @Updatedknowledge9 5 месяцев назад

    Sir, how can access your pdf

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      What is your name. What do you do?

    • @Updatedknowledge9
      @Updatedknowledge9 5 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore I am a student👦📖🎒 , tomorrow is my presentation on soil machines

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      @@Updatedknowledge9 I asked you name. Tell me that + Your email. WA number and the college.

  • @chtahnamte
    @chtahnamte 5 месяцев назад

    What if the column comes in the middle fo the tank

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      Better to avoid. If un avoidable, do proper water proofing and load take down as needed

  • @shamalmohammed4857
    @shamalmohammed4857 5 месяцев назад

    Dear Sir, do you have courses in Udemy ?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      I have my own portal and it is course.civilera.com

  • @fakrudinahmed5141
    @fakrudinahmed5141 5 месяцев назад

    What is the course fee

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      we have many programs. I suggest you check course.civilera.com for basic courses and contact me for mentoring

  • @mohammedsafwaan9525
    @mohammedsafwaan9525 5 месяцев назад

    2:16 Hello sir, Will the load coming from rcc walls and slab of the tank not affect the footing as its density is higher than that of soil?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 5 месяцев назад

      @@mohammedsafwaan9525 Use logic and simple calculations Note 2 points 1) The density difference is minor 2) Even if concrete is denser, we are replacing quite a lot of soil with water. so water is less dense. You can calculate total weight of soil and compare with that of rcc tank + water.

  • @adilkhan3584
    @adilkhan3584 5 месяцев назад

    Nice Video. I just wanted to ask, when you mean reinforcement at Top is usually required for depth 1000mm, I'm assuming you mean embedment depth or just the member thickness of 1000mm? Or both scenarios?

  • @shareqinamdar8903
    @shareqinamdar8903 5 месяцев назад

    Nice explanation

  • @Innotutorial
    @Innotutorial 6 месяцев назад

    Thank you so much Sir for the knowledge

  • @aswingovind-up4mz
    @aswingovind-up4mz 6 месяцев назад

    sir, i have an question in column design. After analyzing the column ,moment are high in top storey(mx,my value) while compare to bottom storey and at the same time the Pu value is high on bottom storey while compared to top storey . which value (PU ,Mx and My ) should take while designing a column

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 6 месяцев назад

      You need to design each level of column separately Also note that you will have 26 combinations for design. Why don't you make use of our republic day offer and learn from the course? You can find it in the link below course.civilera.com/courses/etabs-superstructure?coupon=OFFER2022 Are you in my groups and emails?

  • @sudarshannikam5243
    @sudarshannikam5243 6 месяцев назад

    Thanks sir for this valuable video. Sir ,please make detail video on eccentricity of Column due to reduce size of upper floor column, and eccentricity due to unequal load (due to unequal beam span around column). Which eccentricity should take account.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 6 месяцев назад

      I am not a fan of reducing size. You cannot generate it unless you apply it

  • @thepipsavvy
    @thepipsavvy 6 месяцев назад

    This is really an eye opener. Thank you.

  • @UnmeshBane
    @UnmeshBane 6 месяцев назад

    Hi all, you can use this tool to automate this Pier and Spandrel labelling in few clicks, watch this ruclips.net/video/zc1DxOdmh0Q/видео.html

  • @ganeshpaudel2972
    @ganeshpaudel2972 6 месяцев назад

    Nice information. But you didn't explain why minimum reinforcement is provided at the top. Yes, it is in the code but what is the function of the top rebars? And why top rebars are not required for sections of thickness<1m?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 6 месяцев назад

      It is understood. When the section is thicker, chances of cracking are more. IS has decided it for over 1m. Same is different for BS. You can check the crack width calculations in these codes

  • @struct-architecture2779
    @struct-architecture2779 6 месяцев назад

    How we will come to know about the "concrete area required to resist direct stress" in etabs, if the column is oversized?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 6 месяцев назад

      ETABS will not show this. You need to check all your columns that shows up as 0.8%

  • @BariRiazRasool
    @BariRiazRasool 6 месяцев назад

    Well explained and a good refresher. Thanks for throwing some light on this topic again!

  • @MrJtj007
    @MrJtj007 6 месяцев назад

    Hi sir, how do we know if there's eccentricity moment because in etabs, it considers all the members are connected to each other to the centre line,?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 6 месяцев назад

      That is a different point all together. Here we are talking about ''minimum'' eccentricity moment and this will be calculated by software based on the clause I have mentioned in the video

  • @zuberibrahimsultan8771
    @zuberibrahimsultan8771 7 месяцев назад

    Which model is more accurate, membrane or thin shell ???

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 7 месяцев назад

      shell thin will be.

    • @zuberibrahimsultan8771
      @zuberibrahimsultan8771 7 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore could you tell me why ???

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 7 месяцев назад

      @@zuberibrahimsultan8771 Should be in the video. Membrane will replicate Yield line theory behavior and shells would do stiffness based

    • @zuberibrahimsultan8771
      @zuberibrahimsultan8771 7 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore got it. And thanks

  • @ashlardesignandinfra1774
    @ashlardesignandinfra1774 7 месяцев назад

    Sir truly amazing

  • @ZahidBadgujar
    @ZahidBadgujar 7 месяцев назад

    Hi can someone suggest the best book fir RCC DESIGN, thanks in Advance

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 7 месяцев назад

      Text books are rarely useful for a comprehensive learning. Any ways, you can refer Professor PC Varghese's book or that by Prof Pillai and Menon or Dr Subramaniyom

    • @superindia4818
      @superindia4818 3 месяца назад

      B. C. Punmia

  • @gunaseelanm8335
    @gunaseelanm8335 7 месяцев назад

    The behavioral change of the structure was well exhibited when the support positions were altered, excellent video for the beginners👍.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 7 месяцев назад

      Glad you liked it! I tried to explain some thing different which will be beneficial for beginners :-)

  • @nadeemvision
    @nadeemvision 7 месяцев назад

    Very informative. Thank you sir.

  • @raghuveerar2788
    @raghuveerar2788 7 месяцев назад

    In rc structural wall system can we model the beam instead of spandrel for high rise building as per is code??

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 7 месяцев назад

      Depends on the size and location of beams. Are you referring to Mivan shuttering system

  • @vitrovogan9635
    @vitrovogan9635 8 месяцев назад

    The explanation is really very beautiful.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Hey thanks for your comment. Happy you enjoyed the video. Are you in my group?

  • @vasubhadania
    @vasubhadania 8 месяцев назад

    Can anyone please provide me with an example of safe where it is possible to create isolated footing without a top reinforcement......!??!! Small large size doesn't matter just create one isolated footing in safe where top reinforcement is not required.......!!!

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Generally Top rebars are not needed in Isolated footing if it is designed as a singly reinforced section. It is advisable to design as a singly reinforced section. So if you do that, the only need of top rebar in isolated footing is when the depth is more than 1000mm as per IS 456.

    • @vasubhadania
      @vasubhadania 8 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore i am using less than 1000 mm depth, even when forces is low..... there is no way where i can get zero reinforcement in top (with design strip or in FEM method) while checking for reinforcement after design in SAFE......here i am not talking about manual design....

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      @@vasubhadania Am sorry. I cannot understand you. 1000mm bars your won't get any where. I meant the depth. Manual or software, you don't need top rebars unless it is doubly reinforced due to lack of adequate depth

    • @vasubhadania
      @vasubhadania 8 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore sorry i actually ment 1000 mm depth.....i am trying safe because safe can also be used for combined footing..... While using safe there will always be top reinfo.... I want to resolve that.... In short i am trying to get no top reinforcement in safe but why is there always top reinforcement.....i want to know that reason..!!!

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      @@vasubhadania You are perhaps over using SAFE. You just analyse and zone the forces and dont use the design oprion

  • @mdrezaulhaque9580
    @mdrezaulhaque9580 8 месяцев назад

    ruclips.net/video/D2i693J40dQ/видео.htmlsi=FXb5i7URnB2ytERj

  • @indramlimbu6886
    @indramlimbu6886 8 месяцев назад

    Explained very well. Thank you for sharing the knowledge

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Thanks for the comment and great to know you liked it

    • @indramlimbu6886
      @indramlimbu6886 8 месяцев назад

      @@CIVILERABangalore welcome sir. Keep uploading such videos, sir.

  • @ramonbaccomperi7871
    @ramonbaccomperi7871 8 месяцев назад

    Hello, such an informative video. I want to know how you will determine if etabs use the gross area or the tributary area for the steel reinforcements calculation. Thank you

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Thanks a lot for your comments. Am a little concerned about your question as I feel that your understanding is slightly different. The tributary area comes in to picture when you calculate the load. Am not 100% sure what you meant though. The comparison wrt rebar area is gross area vs required area to take the actual axial stress.

    • @ramonbaccomperi7871
      @ramonbaccomperi7871 8 месяцев назад

      So tributary area is the area where the load is acting if I'm right so it's different from the actual area or?

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Am not sure of your question @@ramonbaccomperi7871

    • @ramonbaccomperi7871
      @ramonbaccomperi7871 8 месяцев назад

      Please I will like to know the meaning of tributary area.

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      @@ramonbaccomperi7871 See this video ruclips.net/video/LFpST17F5Bk/видео.htmlsi=nt64sgUYbO2Z84h2 I have mentioned about an area in this

  • @mohammedraihanan5858
    @mohammedraihanan5858 8 месяцев назад

    Sir could you please make an vedeos on side face reinforcement for beams

  • @Er.RamanjaneyuluNingampalli
    @Er.RamanjaneyuluNingampalli 8 месяцев назад

    Great video

  • @MudgalS.R
    @MudgalS.R 8 месяцев назад

    All videos are very informative, and nothing is coppied as pleples use to do, its your hard earned experience 🙏🙏

    • @CIVILERABangalore
      @CIVILERABangalore 8 месяцев назад

      Hey nice of you to see your honest comment 🙂 It inspires when people comments facts. You can also subscribe here for regular updates and joining group www.civilera.com/contact-us