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They could also be a branch of Baboon/Mandrill that gained sapience like humans. Baboons don’t have the necessary vocal cords either

can you boil these things? what would they taste like

the questing beast's fur could be primitive feathers, while the tail could be feathered, and used for display

In my fantasy world there is both naturally evolved thinking beings and thinking beings made by God's

26:09 if my players go into a sewer, they best not step in the water and better have their skin covered or they’re getting filth fever

3:47 still not as terrifying as when a herd of deer devoured an entire flock of various birds alive after scientists trapped them in a net to study them the day after

This is why I think that 5e ruined giants, huge sized creatures are bigger than you think, elemental creature or not.

Killer toot😂😂

It's as if many humans don't like the idea of a planet filled with inhabitants that are sapient because it would threaten their fragile human ego, anthropocentricism. Then again, the definition of sapience can vary from person to person, human to human. If one looks at sapience as being merely self aware, then many organisms have this trait. Memory, there are loads of arthropods that have memory and can learn. However, I find the concept of a planet filled with pretty much equal sapient creatures, even if all of the same species, incredibly fascinating. The issue in my worldbuilding is that I tend to create only one species that lives on the planet that merely changes it's form to resemble other creatures. Part of this is due to the immense dissatisfaction with diversity itself. With too much diversity comes consequences, such as personality disorders, mental illnesses in one species that don't exist in another and then exploiting that for a single species, or simply an inability to connect with others/hold empathy for them because they've evolved completely different social interaction and behavior. As such, many of my worlds are only home to a single native species, only when others come to the planet (usually against their will in many cases) is there a different species introduced. That new species then must learn to adapt to this new environment and the inhabitants, unaware that diversity is nowhere near as complex as their home planet, leading to much confusion.

Personally, I also dislike the concept of ecumenopolis planets like Coruscant in Star Wars. Putting aside the practical problems with a seemingly habitable planet intended to support trillions of individuals that no longer has a biosphere to support an oxygen/carbon cycle or oceans to support a water cycle, they're kind of just boring, almost as much as a desert is.

14:25 I've already described how this works with the puddle scene in two other comments so I don't feel I need to fully explain it again. But as I said, there is no trolling the universe. If you TRULY decided to never go into that turnstile and waited by the glass, you wouldn't see yourself on the other side of the window in the first place. The reason being because you never physically decided to walk into the turnstile therefore you never would have been able to reverse in time to be on the other side of the glass. You could spend literally your whole life trying to troll the universe on this. You would ONLY ever see yourself on the other side if you ACTUALLY physically went into the turnstile and walked on the other side. It wouldn't be until you _officially_ decided to _ACTUALLY_ walk into the turnstile where you would have seen yourself start walking backwards into it. You gotta understand that that is YOU on the other side. It's not some weird clone or separate alien entity. It takes YOU physically walking on the other side of the glass to actually see you walk backwards into the turnstile.

14:16 Once again man, you're not understanding what exactly you're saying here. Im not sure what other way to break this down easily other than using the puddle example again: TP inverts, he's moving against our regular forward time. That means the actions he takes and his consequences have already happened in our regular time. If Inverted TP steps on a puddle, it'd be the same as watching TP walking backwards and stepping in that same puddle in our regular forward time. If inverted TP saw how when he stepped in the puddle the water reacted before him and tried to do it again but this time "troll" the universe by not ACTUALLY stepping in the puddle and he waited for 10 seconds before continuing on with his walk, then the water would never react during that whole time. In our forward time it'd be like watching a TP walking backwards and then stop his foot above the puddle and just sit there for 10 seconds before he finally actually does step in the puddle the first time and he continues walking backwards as if he hadn't even seen the puddle yet. Again, the only reason the puddle reacts is because he has already stepped in it. Call it pre-deterministic, call it fate, call it what you want: but its really just reality. You either chose to step in the puddle or you didn't. SO, coming to the proofing window; If you saw yourself in the window, that means objectively you will go in there because you already have. Viewing in this regard almost FEELS like it's predetermined, but that's solely because it seems to us that we're just watching what happens as if it were a mirror. It's not a mirror. It's reality.

13:37 They said "She's 'GONNA' die", not "She has already died." If fatal poison was slowly killing you, you would die unless you got the antidote. If fatal poison was slowly killing you and someone gave you the antidote for it, you would lose the poison affect and be able to heal naturally again. She was not dead at the moment of inverting. They inverted her so that they could actually allow her body to heal naturally in a time relative to the wound that occurred. That's why as soon as they cleansed her of the 'poison' they immediately went back to invert back to regular time. 13:43 It was a matter of time before she died if they didn't do anything at that moment. What they were saying is that there was no amount of medicine or healing they could do for her at that moment in forward time that would fight off any of the reverse radiation poison within her. So they had to invert at that moment in order to begin the actual healing process for her. This isn't that hard to understand.

13:16 No... Why would it undo the hole? In our forward time, we just observed an object forcibly pass through her body. She's not in the reverse world where the bullet is getting unfired. In our forward time, we just witnessed a high speed object that started from the window quickly pass through her stomach and into the gun. The bullet and Sator is what is reversed, not her. 13:26 - 13:30 This is your own misunderstanding here. In the interrogation scene, we witnessed a reversed object make contact with a forward person. In the Oslo fight, we witnessed a forward object make contact with a reversed person. It's two entirely different circumstances. And the perspective of "the wound closing up" is different too. During Oslo, In TP's reversed time perspective, he witnessed and felt the wound form and even began bleeding and it only increased in pain right up until the point when he was stabbed and then it all went away at once. The wound did in fact close up after the stab. During the interrogation, In Sator's reversed time perspective, he witnessed Kat yell out in pain right up until the point when the gun was fired and then it all went away at once. The wound did in fact close up after the shot. Plenty of consistency, you just blamed the movie for your own confusion here.

12:47 This is one of those things that's super questionable that I will definitely admit doesn't make as much sense to me. The only copium I got is that the entire car has been reversed; Sator had his henchmen put the car in cruise control and that car just happened to have the Stop and Go cruise control feature and so when the protagonist hit the brakes, it turned off the cruise control and if you reverse the time the car reverted to stop and go cruise control being on and it took off from there. But even then, the way the car comes to a halt by sliding to one side and hearing the screeching of the tires in the way it does indicates that it did not just casually turn on a Stop and Go cruise control mode sooooo yeahhhh. idk bout that one. 🤷‍♂

12:20 eh, you're not wrong here tbh lol although I imagine Sator wouldn't just let this slide. He already has established the "If I can't have her no one can" mentality

9:46 Im a bit confused to your explanation here, but from what I can tell, it sounds like you're discussing the idea that people have autonomy/free will and therefore certain actions that look like they've already been decided to happen could potentially change due to our free will and change of heart at that moment which would cause everything to not make sense. This line of thinking is wrong. I'll use the scene after The Protgaonist Inverts for the first time and reverse steps in the water. From his observation, as he's about to step into the puddle, the water starts reacting to his foot before he even begins to touch it. If you said, "But people have autonomy and could have a change of heart at that moment and now the puddle reacting makes 0 sense if he chose to not actually step in it" You'd be wrong. If the protagonist was never going to step in the puddle, and only ever chose to opt to just hover his foot above it, the water would not have reacted in the first place. In regular foward time, it'd be like watching a person walking backwards and then stopping their foot right above the water. The water only reacted then because in forward time the protagonist already stepped in the puddle. If you inverted yourself and try to troll the universe by thinking your going to step in the puddle but not actually stepping in it, you're just gonna be there forever until the moment you actually decided to step in it (which then the water would react). This all applies to what you're saying here with this fight scene. In a way, things are predetermined and follow a world line, yet at the same time, we do have autonomy and our actions are still important because our actions shape our lives and potentially future generations as well. That's like a bigggg moral of the story for this movie.

Why you narrating so boring🤦🏽‍♂️ Banter the movie no doubt but put some enthusiasm,I feel sleepy listening...

There's a reason I like the Veins of the Earth setting.

3:24 I don't get what you're trying to say. The bullet's chronology is inverted. How are you going to claim it's breaking laws of physics when it's literally moving backwards in time? To the bullet's "time" the protagonist dropped it. There's nothing with physics being broken here. It only _looks_ like it's breaking the laws of physics by moving into his hand to _our_ perspective because we are limited only by thinking in forward terms. In other word, the cause and effect are flipped. There's still a proportionate cause and a proportionate effect when it's flipped. We view it as our past, but it's future is still equally valid. Now if he held his hand out, cupped, with his palm facing up and he stood still and the bullet just magically flew above his palm and landed in his hand and he didn't at all throughout the whole thing, then things wouldn't make sense because even with reverse chronology there'd be no force in which the bullet would have flew upwards out of his hand onto the table. 3:37 nah see when it doesn't work the first time it's because he just holds his hand above the table. He didn't do any action that actually would have allowed him to drop it. That's why the scientist says he needs to have dropped it. And that's why when he does it the second time but does the motion of dropping it, it does work because it adheres perfectly to how he would have dropped it in reverse time. 3:45 well... This is similar to when the protagonist inverts himself and he steps in the puddle in reverse. The puddle starts reacting before he steps into it because he has already stepped onto it. People tried to say this is dumb because if he saw it reacting and decided to change his mind last second then it would mess up everything. The thing about that is if he decided to never step in the puddle, the water would not react because he would have never stepped in the puddle. The puddle only reacts when he has in fact decided to step in the puddle. 3:54 Lol. No. The whole moral of the story of this movie is to combat that exact type of thinking dude... At the end, when The Protagonist learns Neil has to sacrifice himself and so he asks Neil if they could do it differently this time, Neil says "What's happened happened. Which is an expression of faith in the mechanics of the world. It's not an excuse to do nothing." In other words he's saying even if we do live in a predestined world and universe, what we do still matters. You can call it fate if you want, but ultimately, it is US who makes our realities a reality through our actions. The temporal pincer plan at Stalsk 12 only worked because of the actions taken by both red and blue teams. Red team was briefed on what was going to happen, and it only happened BECAUSE they went out there and put in work. Same for Blue. Fate, reality, whatever you want to call it, will continue regardless and it doesn't stop for anything or anyone; so make the most out of what you can do with your life while you're still here. THAT is the lesson being taught from this movie overall. This is something Sator tried to rebel against. Instead of living out his days of cancer with his loved ones, he wanted to end his life and ACTUALLY end the world and time as we know it. 4:40 No, there is plenty of other causal explanations or reasons as to how the wall with bullets got into that lab. It doesn't have to be the scenario you described with a wall being built already with a bullet hole in it. You should watch Welby Coffespill's video about Inverted Objects and World Lines. Traveling in reverse from the future--that bullet could have been inverted in the future by the bad guys, continued traveling backwards in time when used in that 'future' war mentioned, soldiers die which leaves unused ammunition and weapons, the detritus of a coming war would have ended up in the lab storage due to inverted scientists or the past's bootstrap causality, which ultimately leads to the the relatively inverted Protagonist 'dropping' the bullet in the lab and then getting fired into the wall. You shouldn't be thinking about "where did the bullets in the wall come from" rather, you should be thinking about "where did the bullets in the lab go after?" After the bullet was 'fired into the wall' it would have just been 'removed' from the lab altogether at some point and would rust and crumble away within the stone. The wall wasn't the thing that was reversed, it was the bullet and presumably the gun. There's nothing special about the wall itself. There could be an infinite number of explanations of how the wall got to where it was at as long it matches the world line of the bullet. i'll continue this in another comment later since i gtg

The tail being/ending in the hand is an interesting idea . . .

i don't think such a foodweb should be thought out. we do want giant monsters in barren lands, nothing should stop us

When I saw the title, I was like: "If by realism he means 'internal consistency' than I agree." So, I agree. :)

real earth worms breath through their skin

it could also be that the positive aspects of magic come at a cost that is disadvantageous from an evolutionary perspective it could be that evolving to use magic requires a momentary drop in fitness. in the same way that a big ground species cant just evolve flight for no reason because theres no intermediate pressure where having a proto wing is useful and so it wont be selected for even if the final product would be useful in the long run. edit nah imagine an anchient demon being summoned and then it just gets eaten by a bear immediately💀💀 edit edit imagine a organism that reproduces by ripping itself apart and regrowing but it uses healing magic to do it 100× faster but the process requires a huge amount of energy to as it dose so it eats other creatures imagine getting bitted by a bug it explodes heals multiplys and a hundred more bugs are biting you and within a few seconds anything it attacks is transformed into a swarm or identical bugs all spawed from one bug

I like how Monster Hunter already has thought ahead on all of these issues, I mean you can look at the Beta for Wilds and in just a snapshot of the life in the Windward Plains we already see these building blocks in each organism present if you start from the top down. Rey Dau is the definitive Apex predator and is designed to be the most over the top creature around with its powerful display of lightning, despite this it’s fairly grounded in scope while still being very threatening. For starters Rey Dau is specifically adapted for its environment, it may be big for an animal that lives in such an arid environment but it retains moisture well and has good sandy camouflage on top of how it can specifically harness the lightning of the storm it resides in. This actually provides a drawback in the sense of yes its made even more powerful in the storm it resides in but is vulnerable outside of it, hence why it doesn’t try to stay in one area for very long. Additionally you only ever see one at a time, now surely there IS more than one Rey Dau that exists at a time, they are a species after all but this makes it clear unlike other monsters it’s solitary and therefore more believable that it can be so large and powerful because each one has a large territory that they usually avoid crossing paths outside of breeding and primarily hunt the more abundant large herbivorous monsters even if they are more than capable of hunting other large monsters and occasionally do so.

You know the difference between a species and race but do you know the difference between "Vore" and "War" ?

The issue with the free will basically boils down to the physics you mentioned. Our universe is either predeterministic and our choice is already determined the moment the universe was born or it is inheriently random [at least on quantum level]. This randomness most likely effects our brain activity and our choices [because more or less every damn thing happens randomly in the quantumworld]. Ultimetly the existence of free will depends on, if you consider random "coin tosses" or predetermined actions as such. Personally? I do not. I prefer to face [the most likely] reality even if it is harsh. Honestly, I do not even stress about it. I consider myself an observer of my own life and the so called choices... It is kinda crazy ride, but it's fun, so I have no complains. I was lucky when I tossed the coins, I guess. What I usually say is: "What does it matter, if I have free will or just do whatever I must to do, if I have a good time with it?" Nothing really. Funnily, I even have a coin which I always carry everywhere. When I cannot decide what I want to do [or choose], I just toss the coin and let the randomness decide for me :) The thing is, I do not belive there is much reason to stress about the choices. We have no way of knowing where a decision in the present will lead us in the future. Every decision we make is more or less just a blind guess. This is why free-will matter so little for me. The thing is, some of my most stupid choices lead to where I'm now and I'm glad I made them. Regerdless, I like your videos.

Umebozu!!!!

Space itself is pretty wild. Got planets that literally rain molten glass, rubies, diamonds, worlds that are tidally locked, etc.

Evidence that Neanderthals are a different species is rather lacking. Different race, sure. Neanderthals were homo sapience. I will die on this stupid hill :)

Again?!

Something interesting is in prehistoric foodchains, dinosaur juveniles filled different niches as they grew in size, resulting in few midsized species. Can be a good way to quickly fill out the food web without having to make up as many creatures

Interestingly, this resembles another cryptid, the con rit

Actually, there is one type of arthropod that does have venom injecting pincers. Pseudoscorpions. Though they are too tiny to do any damage to humans

displacer beasts don't teleport, they just cause their image to not align with their actual location via illusion

23:25 THATS A THING!?

ok but a full parasite video would be very lovely to get. i just found your work and i really enjoy your angles on worldbuilding :0

Man This doesnt really matter on the story level

The best idea I've thought of for anything like the magic secret world is, magic wasn't know because it WASN'T a thing. Suddenly magic is happening and society is scrambling to figure out what to do. Think about the cause that would happen if an army of demons or dragons or orcs where to suddenly invade and we find that they also have abilities we can match. Much more interesting

I love the Goblin Punch blog's post about this stuff. Pigs never stop growing, roosters crow when horrible things happen, squid can travel to other planets, cats are spellbooks and foxes are imaginary.

In a fantasy setting i kinda like to add in magic as a source of food like the sun. A kind of Aurasynthesis. This will give rise to the magical beasts.

Video on parasites when?

I'd argue a large salamander could, with time, adapt to hunt terrestrial prey. The Welsh catfish is also a bottom feeder with poor vision, yet have learned how to hunt birds-some of the fastest prey around without physical change. Pleistocene Japan had access to more and larger prey and humans bring domestic stocks could've helped these extra large salamanders remain stable. 10 meter Prionosuchus gives a chance for such large amphibians, but a 2 or 3 meter salamander could be viable in larger rivers which are likely to attract larger prey.

I think this comes back to people copy-pasting concepts into a world because they're genre conventions, with no thought to how that works, which compounds on itself until there are 80 foot tall fire breathing death machines that eat sheep, begging the question how sheep could possibly have evolved in the face of that kind of predator.

Never thought I would be watching a chicken with dragon wings explain primary succession to me, and yet here I am. Also love the mention of the fungi that can turn nuclear radiation into energy.

The notion that grounding giant monsters is even a wise decision is wrong. It's missing the point. Deliberately. Fiction's greatest monsters are unrealistic and that is the point. King Kong is hailed one of the greatest films of all time with its main component being a giant gorilla. Apes cannot reach such size, they never have and even Gigantopithecus has been downsized. An ape the size of Kong would still be lunch meat for any theropod dinosaur. Yet it's because Kong is such an unrealistic standard that people relate to him and make his story a tragedy. I don't think I need to elaborate on Godzilla much, a monster who from minute one wasn't meant to represent a living animal but a living atomic bomb. The world biting back against human mistreatment is a perfectly valid reason for a giant monster to exist. So long as it's narratively consistent that these are abnormal beings, giant monsters being unrealistic is the vastly superior narrative.

Generally food chains are outdate awesome bro bs that gets spread in 3rd grade text books showing rabbits at the bottom and bears at the top. Because of this when people make ecosytems they tend to turn into big predator good, weak predator bad. This comes from not understanding how ecosytem or evolution works. It just suck that their arent many sourses to educated people that arent awesome bro stuff.

Your video about cave biomes inspired me to come up with primary producers who use magic to create energy. These thaumotrophs eat a limestone-like material that contains magic, which creates massive cave systems. Eating magic causes the thaumotrophs to glow a red light as a byproduct of converting it into energy. There's still a lot I have to work on, like a proper magic system, how the caves don't collapse, and other animals utilize magic, but it's going.

As with all Fantasy: You can violate any real world "rule" or logic but the world will feel much more immersive if you are aware of these rules and have good in world reasons when you violate them. Beasts that don't need to grow but just get spawned in their adult form don't need to have fed on a lot of herbivores to get to their size etc. And that can be part of a story as well, huge dragons that get spawned by magic but than inevitably die from starvation as the ecosystem can't support them, that can explain an insane aggression as well, as they're constantly starving and inevitably die, they try to eat anything they can get. And than maybe we get tons of cadavers of starved dragons and basically no herbivores at all in the area with them being hunted into extinction by the dragons with the subsequent effects on pray to small to be consumed by the dragons like insects etc. Similar things go for map maping etc. There are reasons in our real world as to why mountains and rivers are the way they are. The Rainfall pattern have their reasons etc. and your world is more immersive if it respects these things. But you can violate any of them (please not all at once), if you have a good reason. Magic / mysterious energy sources etc. can be good reasons for a lot of things but it needs to be concrete enough to be believable in world.