I often wonder what the limits of of what we could make if you got all the RUclips science nerds together with a moderate budget. I bet that not much would be off the table. Great video!
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 Nah, build a fusion reactor!! (The fact that nobody has built one sucessfully, ever, might be a challenge though). Or improve on the old Soviet Radioisotope thermoelectric generators, that were portable (kinda).
Absolutely incredible that this works as well as it does. After working 4 decades in control systems, I would recommend programming at least one more additional button on your remote - an E-Stop (emergency stop) button to instantly halt the x-ray and high voltage power supply, should someone (or possibly a pet) enter into the area unexpectedly. Impressive that you researched this so completely. Well done!
I fix CT scanners for a living. This is pretty darn cool!! When you started out, I was trying to figure out how you were going to make all of that rotate around your “patient.” You simply rotated your “patient” itself. Well done! You need to get into this business!!
Your beeper code does not give enough time for LOW. It does HIGH for a second, goes to LOW and immediately back to HIGH. What you need is another pause after the LOW.
even better is to just use PWM. the atmega's default clocks put all of the PWM frequencies in the human audible range, so you can just set PWM to 50% duty cycle, wait one second, then turn it back off. no need for a loop. example from memory: (it's been a minute since i touched an arduino so double check the syntax lol) // i believe this is one of the PWM pins, and i think it's in the low kHz range int beeperPin = 6; pinMode(beeperPin, OUTPUT); // beeper on. this is 127 of 255, so 50% duty cycle square wave. (and it's 255 because it's 8-bit, and that includes 0, so it's 256 total) analogWrite(beeperPin, 127); // let it beep for one second delay(1000); // beeper off analogWrite(beeperPin, 0);
Bravo my friend! I was in medical school in the 1970’s when the first CT scanner was developed by the engineering branch of EMI Limited in London, England. They were better known at the time as one of the four largest music publishing companies in the world. I believe at one time they owned the rights to the entire Beatles catalogue. I spent 41 years doing general surgery and, without a doubt, the CT scanner was the most useful of all the technologies in my medical toolbox. Originally it was only able to perform brain imaging and the scans were quite pixelated but, of course, the technology rapidly improved and eventually it was applied to all parts of the body. In the space of about a decade, “exploratory laparotomy” (opening a patient’s abdomen to find out what was causing pain, infection, obstruction, bleeding, etc.) became nearly obsolete. Currently a surgeon generally knows a lot about what he/she will find before the patient ever reaches the operating room allowing for careful preplanning of the procedure. I recall many exploratory surgeries early in my career where there were at least a half dozen possibilities going in. Surgeons had to essentially be ready for almost any eventuality. This forced a very rapid assessment, diagnosis and treatment plan while the surgery was in progress. This was exciting to say the least but also very stressful. It is rare nowadays to be in that sort of situation, though it still sometimes occurs when a patient’s condition is too unstable even to perform a brief CT scan. Excellent work young man. When I read the title of your video, I thought perhaps you misunderstood the complex nature of the reconstruction algorithm. Turns out I was the one trying to keep up with your explanations and logic. Sir Godfrey Hounsfield shared the Nobel Prize for his work in developing computed axial tomography, perhaps one day you might help invent some new technology to make the world a better place. I’m rooting for you.
@@Smytjf11 These radiation levels aren't really that dangerous unless you sit in front of it for extended periods of time. If anyone knows how to use these components they also know not to stay next to them while operating.
@@gregorymalchuk272 they are mostly proprietary and sold with the scanner by companies like GE, Siemens, Toshiba, etc. most are about the size of a home refrigerator though I don’t know if most of that is taken up by memory modules. That’s why I was skeptical that the RUclipsr could perform the spatial reconstructions using a laptop, but he proved me wrong. What’s more, this was just his initial attempt. He could refine this significantly using an old microwave oven with rotating platform as was suggested by another commenter.
While not medical grade, it still demonstrates the working principle and actually extremely useful for imaging internal structures of all sorts of things!!
I’m not going to lie, most of this video confused the hell out of me, but this is actually amazing. I’d love to see what else you come up with, could be saving lives man🙏🏻
man all you gotta do is build a nice rig that keeps the scanner actually true with what its looking at and this thing is already good enough for a lot of scanning projects, still impressive what a cardboard box can do
I’m an electrical engineering student and this is the type of tomfoolery shenanigans I signed up for. Oddly enough, I too am guilty of searching for old ultrasound and X-ray machines, and yeah they’re all out of my student budget. Thanks so much for sharing I might consider doing a version of this project for my signals and systems class and maybe get into signal processing more. I’m really interested in ultrasonic levitation and phased arrays for the purpose of capturing mosquitos and other small insects 🐜 muahaha
THANK YOU!!!! Now I understand the difference between CAT/CT and MRI; before your production I thought these were similar systems. Was I ever wrong, thanks again!
After hearing about the Therac-25 story, I would never want to mess with X-ray equipment. Especially if you're relying on a wimpy arduino as your control board.
That was friggin' mint! Well done with a budget. I'd say you got better than $200 of image quality as that looks about as good as some airport scanners. lol
Great video! From the point of view of en electronic engineer what you've done is very cool but also I don't see any disclaimer - explanation about X-ray safety. I'm pretty sure that you know risks of ionizing radiation expoasure and extremely high voltage but must consider that viewers might not know it! I'm sorry to bother about safety but I think it is very important, expecially for the most unexperienced viewers, and since you are giving the information (through the video) it is your responsability. Hope I've pass the message without being too much annoying, peace :)
Very ingenious setup :) This is what I imagine raw unfettered experimenting with simple means should be. Nicely done, but please remember that Xrays are not a trivial thing ! Always take the necessary precautions. I'm curious how far you'll take the concept :)
hence, why he was across the yard. BTW, I helped build a general medical scanning facility once, the Xray and CT scanner rooms were lined in lead along the sides. the MRI room was lined in copper sheeting
Scrap yards. That's where I find my x-ray machines and I've even found a CT and other more niche machines. With the older ones just be careful about the pcbs in the high voltage oil Buddy of mine runs a local industrial salvage yard, but they also take just general scrap from the public. Not many people allowed to look around in there but he lets me come in whenever I want. I bought a half a dozen x-ray machines over the last 4 or 5 years. Some of them old nice film types, some of them super modern Siemens digital wrap-arounds. You can find a scrap yard and make friends, you'll definitely get some X-ray and medical stuff from time to time... But here's the key... You need to find out who the clients were that brought it and talk to them. In my case it was a guy who owns a business repairing, setting up, and brokering all types of machines like that. So he gave me a heads up when he was bringing the remains of a CT to the yard. That way I could get it before it hit the ground and receive damage. you'd be amazed what kind of stuff comes in these scrap yards. The smaller family-owned yards are usually the only ones that will let you come in and buy. But a few boxes of cookies and a polite attitude... And they'll keep your number on their desk and call you when certain things come in. A lot of corporations have bought out so many of the small scrap yards and they won't even let their own employees buy from them because of the liability. So you have to find a family-owned or smaller scrap yard. I pay around $0.05 per pound which means I got those x-ray machines for between 15 and $25 according to their weight. Some of the smaller scrapyards might not have a portal scanner or monitoring system. Basically that type of system is something you would find at airports, customs, and a tractor trailer weigh in stations. It's a super-sensitive scintillating Crystal detector probe and a radiation monitor with alarm. You can pick them up on eBay from time to time for pennies on the dollar. At the very least I would get a good Ludlum m and a good sensitive scintillation probe detector. Because scrapyards can get some really spicy things from time to time and they might not even know it. I've got a collection that includes some really spicy things. One of which my scintillation probe started singing and freaking out when I was more than a half a mile away from the yard. I guess it helps to be near Chattanooga Tennessee and just right next door to oak ridge national Lab. That's not necessarily were some of the radiation sources came from, but due to the huge history of radiological events and development around here... The stuff just seems more prevalent. The spiciest thing I ever foundis something similar to what I mentioned above. It is in a 5-gallon bucket with LED flashing wrapped around it about 6 in thick on all sides. That is submerged in a 50 gallon drum of water and kept in my storm cellar away from the house and underground. So yeah spicy to say the least and I was very lucky to find something like that and prevent my buddies or anybody else at the yard getting exposure. This is happened multiple times with similar situations. Sometimes not so spicy but sometimes super hot and scary. Calling the proper authorities and people with the experience to remove stuff like that... A lot of times they will come and check it out and unless it's something weapons-grade or something truly truly dangerous they won't even confiscate it. Although they will find the yard for not having portal in area monitors. They're more interested in getting the tag number of the dude who brought it and all the pictures taken by the yard so they can track them down and see what else they might have.
You are so smart at such a young age. Great project and very good concept. I've wanted to do a home made xray for a long time. This seems to have all the ingredients I need and extra great stuff. Love the info about reconstruction of the 3d object
Absolutely Awesome ! Superb project, very well done ! Don't take any crap about the arduino code - if it works, it's good. Sure it could be better, so could we all.
Random idea: an Ionizing Radiation Detector peripheral for the original GameBoy. The more cost effective you can make it, the better. You could collaborate with “The Thought Emporium” and/or “stacksmashing”.
I believe you need a delay (1000) or so after the digitalwrite(2, LOW); statement. After the digitalwrite(2, LOW) you are immediately going back to writing it high again. Wonderful video
oh my gosh dude this is awesome. im only slightly jealous cause ive had a simillar idea for a while now but ive gotten distracted by other projects im working on
Being technically competent at such a young age is great, you have serious future potential. Since you can produce X-Rays might I suggest an application other than imagery. Try to develop a receiver antenna that would convert X-Rays back into electricity similar to a solar panel converting photons into electricity. Space travel has a problem with cosmic rays penetrating the space ship and damaging the astronauts, like being under constant X-Ray bombardment, current shielding is insufficient. Astronauts during Apollo missions kept seeing flashes of light even when their eyes were closed, those were cosmic rays hitting their bodies. If you can convert X-Rays into useful electricity before they penetrate the ship that would save astronauts lives & produce power for Plasma engines. It is worth the research. X-Rays are different frequency than gamma rays but the approach should be similar. Gamma rays also come from nuclear waste, an antenna encasing nuclear waste would become a battery that last for centuries and worth a Nobel Prize.
You've got your beep in a loop so its going to happen 45 times. It seems to be 'staying on' because there is no delay between the switching off and the switching on. It goes on, waits for a second, goes off, then it changes the value of 'i' and does a check, once that check is done it instantly goes back to the 'switch on' instruction. The time it takes to switch back on is imperceptibly short. It will perceptibly stay on for 45 seconds and then turn off and continue the rest of the code.
Yep this is the reason. I was going to post this exact thing but then I saw this. Set another delay after the LOW or it has zero delay and just stays on all the time.(or set the delay before the HIGH ... I personally don't do anything before the HIGH :) )
Hmmm you’re onto something there! I could lead shield it then replace the old electronics with my own, I’ll definitely probably try that in the future!
@@PyrotechnicalScience the microwave motor would have to be a non standard one. The motors that I have found inside the microwaves take a random direction when they are turned on.
Very cool. MATLAB is good and is very well documented so any problems you have can usually be resolved by doing a google search. Also, going into the deep end is always a learning experience, MATLAB might be worth it if you do simulations or data analysis.
7:25 It's probably been mentioned but the issue with the buzzer staying on is that it turns off at the end of the loop cycle, but then immediately starts the cycle over turning itself back on. doing something like "buzzer on, wait 500ms, buzzer off, wait 500ms" would produce something similar to what you want.
Great job! One thing, it's probably much harder and slightly questionable regarding safety, but if you manage to run the tube at full power (not sure how many kV you are using) you can probably record video directly of the intensifying screen, then you just do a pretty quick 360spin and then extract the frames, are you using long exposure for the pictures? Excellent video, and sorry if it's something you already considered hahahaha
I enjoyed the shit out of this video. Please keep it up and continue refining your coding skills. I bet you could get this process to come out very smooth.
Somebody probably answered this, but in your buzzer loop you need another delay after writing LOW to create off-time. Because it's a loop, it's going straight from digitalWrite(LOW) to digitalWrite(HIGH) without a delay. Original script: for(i = 0; i < 45: i++) { digitalWrite(2, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(2, LOW); //delay(1000);
this guy seems less likely to get killed IMO, he seemed to be standing in the right place anyways. is it me, or does that Mammography Xray tube look like it was made on the cheap as well?
Hmm curious how the crazy phone image AI that they use to improve the image interferes/helps. If it’s possible to find an app that turns off some of the magic would be good to compare. During scientific things it’s best to remove as much of the magic and apply it later, especially because it can vary from shot to shot. Also if you add a counter or something that was visible in the image it would help to map the particular degrees of a shot. Probably the best move is to integrate it with a Pi or something so you can correlate the shots with the actual data on rotation.
this would be really cool to reverse engineer and properly generate a boardview of logicboards where only schematics are currently available. nice job guy.
6:52 Your problem with the code was not just asking ChatGPT to give you Arduino code, then describe your project and the pins being used. 😆 Welcome to "programming" in 2023.
Fantastic project! Is the number of slices tied to the number of original shots, or is it just down to how the data is processed? (I imagine there’s a relationship in terms of useful depth resolution, but probably not a direct one, given multiple other variables.)
Nifty ! You seem to have quite a lot of technical knowledge/skills, especially for such a young'n. I think its a safe bet that we can expect more great things from you. Instant sub ! 👍 Yup, I did say young'n BTW. 🤪
the constant beep thing you have in your code happens because you turn the beeper on, wait 1 second turn it of and repeat this 45 times in a loop, it shoud beep for about 45 seconds
Great video. 🎉🎉 But I have a question. Why do you scan the object 360 degrees? Isn't 180 degree of rotation enough? 0° and 180° images should be just mirror images. What am I missing?
What do you think about building a scanner with an array of electronic sensors like those used by Peter Jansen? it can allow you to detect a weak signal directly, with higher sensitivity and much faster. The original "openCT 2" (can be found on 'hackaday') has a pretty low resolution, but signal-to-noize ratio is pretty impressive.
I think it would be more fun to be spun around at ludicrous speed inside a stationary CT scanner instead of lying still on the bed while several hundred pounds of equipment is trying not to fly apart while spinning at several hundred rotations per minute. (*”fun” = DANGEROUS!)
I don't know if the algorithm wrought me here because I saw a bunch of videos about incidents with radiation (work in nuclear), or because I look a lot of engineering videos. The CT machine looks nice, but bear in mind you are toying with radiation fields. Did you research on radiation protection? Ie: What if you relay gets stuck? Would you notice?
Awesome project! Can you provide some details about the X-ray source, such as the high voltage magnitude and the current (mA) that the tube draws? I have experience repairing dental X-ray machines, and so I have a good understanding of the circuitry and how it functions. Do you have a link to your construction details that you can share with others who might want to duplicate this project? THANKS!
I just realized I'm not a patreon of yours :-O So I signed up. (Edit:* Now that I think about it, I may have been a member before, but I realized I was spending too much on Patreon, so I went through and deleted most of the memberships that used a monthly model as opposed to per video model. But I re-signed up. If you create new levels that are _per video,_ I'm sure more people would sign up for those (I only prefer it because sometimes channels stop uploading for like a year or more, and Patreon keeps going if I don't unsubscribe).
Thanks for becoming a member I appreciate that a lot! I also got some patreon rewards coming out so I’ll be sending you a real lead white paint sample (if you want it of course) Also didn’t know patreon offers a per video subscription, I’ll have to set that up!
I don't know what country you are from, but in almost every country in the world you are not allowed to operate such devices without a special permit, certified radiation protection equipment, being a certified operator, in presence of a certified radiation protection officer, with your device being tested, certified and registered by an appropriate governmental institution and many more requirements. So make sure you are not committing any felony there.
He only lost a couple of IQ points when he cracked his head long boarding....then goes on to make his own CT scanner for $200 using and Arduino and some spare parts. Mind = blown.
I often wonder what the limits of of what we could make if you got all the RUclips science nerds together with a moderate budget. I bet that not much would be off the table. Great video!
We’d at least have the capabilities of a small university.
@@PyrotechnicalScience we'd be a massive security threat, lol. You just know that Cody would want to build a nuke.
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 lol I was just thinking that! Our biggest challenge would be government intervention 🤣
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 Nah, build a fusion reactor!! (The fact that nobody has built one sucessfully, ever, might be a challenge though). Or improve on the old Soviet Radioisotope thermoelectric generators, that were portable (kinda).
@@simonwatson5299 those things are kinda terrifying, mostly because there are some just rotting away in Siberia.
Absolutely incredible that this works as well as it does. After working 4 decades in control systems, I would recommend programming at least one more additional button on your remote - an E-Stop (emergency stop) button to instantly halt the x-ray and high voltage power supply, should someone (or possibly a pet) enter into the area unexpectedly. Impressive that you researched this so completely. Well done!
I fix CT scanners for a living. This is pretty darn cool!! When you started out, I was trying to figure out how you were going to make all of that rotate around your “patient.” You simply rotated your “patient” itself. Well done! You need to get into this business!!
Your beeper code does not give enough time for LOW. It does HIGH for a second, goes to LOW and immediately back to HIGH. What you need is another pause after the LOW.
Well done.
need to hold HIGH and LOW through prolonged increments.
for(int i = 0; i < 45; i++)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000); // this is what you were missing
}
even better is to just use PWM. the atmega's default clocks put all of the PWM frequencies in the human audible range, so you can just set PWM to 50% duty cycle, wait one second, then turn it back off. no need for a loop. example from memory: (it's been a minute since i touched an arduino so double check the syntax lol)
// i believe this is one of the PWM pins, and i think it's in the low kHz range
int beeperPin = 6;
pinMode(beeperPin, OUTPUT);
// beeper on. this is 127 of 255, so 50% duty cycle square wave. (and it's 255 because it's 8-bit, and that includes 0, so it's 256 total)
analogWrite(beeperPin, 127);
// let it beep for one second
delay(1000);
// beeper off
analogWrite(beeperPin, 0);
Bravo my friend! I was in medical school in the 1970’s when the first CT scanner was developed by the engineering branch of EMI Limited in London, England. They were better known at the time as one of the four largest music publishing companies in the world. I believe at one time they owned the rights to the entire Beatles catalogue. I spent 41 years doing general surgery and, without a doubt, the CT scanner was the most useful of all the technologies in my medical toolbox. Originally it was only able to perform brain imaging and the scans were quite pixelated but, of course, the technology rapidly improved and eventually it was applied to all parts of the body. In the space of about a decade, “exploratory laparotomy” (opening a patient’s abdomen to find out what was causing pain, infection, obstruction, bleeding, etc.) became nearly obsolete. Currently a surgeon generally knows a lot about what he/she will find before the patient ever reaches the operating room allowing for careful preplanning of the procedure. I recall many exploratory surgeries early in my career where there were at least a half dozen possibilities going in. Surgeons had to essentially be ready for almost any eventuality. This forced a very rapid assessment, diagnosis and treatment plan while the surgery was in progress. This was exciting to say the least but also very stressful. It is rare nowadays to be in that sort of situation, though it still sometimes occurs when a patient’s condition is too unstable even to perform a brief CT scan. Excellent work young man. When I read the title of your video, I thought perhaps you misunderstood the complex nature of the reconstruction algorithm. Turns out I was the one trying to keep up with your explanations and logic. Sir Godfrey Hounsfield shared the Nobel Prize for his work in developing computed axial tomography, perhaps one day you might help invent some new technology to make the world a better place. I’m rooting for you.
What kind of computers were they using to collate the x-ray scans and render a graphical result?
Should I not be feeling like I'm watching a kid play with a live grenade?
@@gregorymalchuk272 I believe it was DEC computer and the output was to a dot matrix printer. I had one done of my head at John Hopkins in 1974.
@@Smytjf11 These radiation levels aren't really that dangerous unless you sit in front of it for extended periods of time. If anyone knows how to use these components they also know not to stay next to them while operating.
@@gregorymalchuk272 they are mostly proprietary and sold with the scanner by companies like GE, Siemens, Toshiba, etc. most are about the size of a home refrigerator though I don’t know if most of that is taken up by memory modules. That’s why I was skeptical that the RUclipsr could perform the spatial reconstructions using a laptop, but he proved me wrong. What’s more, this was just his initial attempt. He could refine this significantly using an old microwave oven with rotating platform as was suggested by another commenter.
While not medical grade, it still demonstrates the working principle and actually extremely useful for imaging internal structures of all sorts of things!!
Impressive! If you are doing this much do not forget radiation safety!
I’d be careful about that direction of the x-rays since you’re not using proper shielding. It’d be terrible to give cancer to your neighbours..
I’m not going to lie, most of this video confused the hell out of me, but this is actually amazing. I’d love to see what else you come up with, could be saving lives man🙏🏻
Sweet, been waiting for this video. Great job and results.
man all you gotta do is build a nice rig that keeps the scanner actually true with what its looking at and this thing is already good enough for a lot of scanning projects, still impressive what a cardboard box can do
I love the evil mad scientist energy!
I’m an electrical engineering student and this is the type of tomfoolery shenanigans I signed up for. Oddly enough, I too am guilty of searching for old ultrasound and X-ray machines, and yeah they’re all out of my student budget. Thanks so much for sharing
I might consider doing a version of this project for my signals and systems class and maybe get into signal processing more. I’m really interested in ultrasonic levitation and phased arrays for the purpose of capturing mosquitos and other small insects 🐜 muahaha
Arduino needs to sponsor this man
THANK YOU!!!! Now I understand the difference between CAT/CT and MRI; before your production I thought these were similar systems. Was I ever wrong, thanks again!
When I was in school my science fair project was a bi-carb volcano. Kids these days are so much more advanced.
It kinda blows my mind it's still cheaper to build a CT scanner than get a CT scan here in the US 😂
We're the only country with a privatized for-profit healthcare system. :(
This is going to be absolutely golden info for after the apocalypse. Thanks man. Good stuff!
After hearing about the Therac-25 story, I would never want to mess with X-ray equipment. Especially if you're relying on a wimpy arduino as your control board.
That was friggin' mint! Well done with a budget. I'd say you got better than $200 of image quality as that looks about as good as some airport scanners. lol
Great video! From the point of view of en electronic engineer what you've done is very cool but also I don't see any disclaimer - explanation about X-ray safety. I'm pretty sure that you know risks of ionizing radiation expoasure and extremely high voltage but must consider that viewers might not know it! I'm sorry to bother about safety but I think it is very important, expecially for the most unexperienced viewers, and since you are giving the information (through the video) it is your responsability.
Hope I've pass the message without being too much annoying, peace :)
👆 this!!!
Anyone else trying to look at their sealed trading cards? 😂
Помню в сериале девяностых Вэлари Айронс Протэкшен показывали такой. За 30 лет ничего не поменялось.
your skillset is deadly 🔥🔥🔥
cool project
Very ingenious setup :) This is what I imagine raw unfettered experimenting with simple means should be. Nicely done, but please remember that Xrays are not a trivial thing ! Always take the necessary precautions. I'm curious how far you'll take the concept :)
hence, why he was across the yard.
BTW, I helped build a general medical scanning facility once, the Xray and CT scanner rooms were lined in lead along the sides.
the MRI room was lined in copper sheeting
Scrap yards. That's where I find my x-ray machines and I've even found a CT and other more niche machines. With the older ones just be careful about the pcbs in the high voltage oil
Buddy of mine runs a local industrial salvage yard, but they also take just general scrap from the public. Not many people allowed to look around in there but he lets me come in whenever I want. I bought a half a dozen x-ray machines over the last 4 or 5 years. Some of them old nice film types, some of them super modern Siemens digital wrap-arounds. You can find a scrap yard and make friends, you'll definitely get some X-ray and medical stuff from time to time... But here's the key... You need to find out who the clients were that brought it and talk to them. In my case it was a guy who owns a business repairing, setting up, and brokering all types of machines like that. So he gave me a heads up when he was bringing the remains of a CT to the yard. That way I could get it before it hit the ground and receive damage. you'd be amazed what kind of stuff comes in these scrap yards. The smaller family-owned yards are usually the only ones that will let you come in and buy. But a few boxes of cookies and a polite attitude... And they'll keep your number on their desk and call you when certain things come in.
A lot of corporations have bought out so many of the small scrap yards and they won't even let their own employees buy from them because of the liability. So you have to find a family-owned or smaller scrap yard. I pay around $0.05 per pound which means I got those x-ray machines for between 15 and $25 according to their weight.
Some of the smaller scrapyards might not have a portal scanner or monitoring system. Basically that type of system is something you would find at airports, customs, and a tractor trailer weigh in stations. It's a super-sensitive scintillating Crystal detector probe and a radiation monitor with alarm. You can pick them up on eBay from time to time for pennies on the dollar. At the very least I would get a good Ludlum m and a good sensitive scintillation probe detector. Because scrapyards can get some really spicy things from time to time and they might not even know it. I've got a collection that includes some really spicy things. One of which my scintillation probe started singing and freaking out when I was more than a half a mile away from the yard. I guess it helps to be near Chattanooga Tennessee and just right next door to oak ridge national Lab. That's not necessarily were some of the radiation sources came from, but due to the huge history of radiological events and development around here... The stuff just seems more prevalent. The spiciest thing I ever foundis something similar to what I mentioned above. It is in a 5-gallon bucket with LED flashing wrapped around it about 6 in thick on all sides. That is submerged in a 50 gallon drum of water and kept in my storm cellar away from the house and underground. So yeah spicy to say the least and I was very lucky to find something like that and prevent my buddies or anybody else at the yard getting exposure. This is happened multiple times with similar situations. Sometimes not so spicy but sometimes super hot and scary. Calling the proper authorities and people with the experience to remove stuff like that... A lot of times they will come and check it out and unless it's something weapons-grade or something truly truly dangerous they won't even confiscate it. Although they will find the yard for not having portal in area monitors. They're more interested in getting the tag number of the dude who brought it and all the pictures taken by the yard so they can track them down and see what else they might have.
Here comes the Arduino kit.. THERE IT IS!!!
That'd be dope to compare sieverts to a modern x-ray machine
You are so smart at such a young age. Great project and very good concept. I've wanted to do a home made xray for a long time. This seems to have all the ingredients I need and extra great stuff. Love the info about reconstruction of the 3d object
Absolutely Awesome !
Superb project, very well done !
Don't take any crap about the arduino code - if it works, it's good.
Sure it could be better, so could we all.
this is the best most dangerous thing i'v ever seen
Random idea: an Ionizing Radiation Detector peripheral for the original GameBoy. The more cost effective you can make it, the better.
You could collaborate with “The Thought Emporium” and/or “stacksmashing”.
I believe you need a delay (1000) or so after the digitalwrite(2, LOW); statement. After the digitalwrite(2, LOW) you are immediately going back to writing it high again.
Wonderful video
Next up? Here Kitty, Kitty! Just kidding, I know, NO living things must be home scanned. Great video!
oh my gosh dude this is awesome. im only slightly jealous cause ive had a simillar idea for a while now but ive gotten distracted by other projects im working on
6:40 Still way better than the software written for the Therac-25 😂
Nice project bro
Being technically competent at such a young age is great, you have serious future potential. Since you can produce X-Rays might I suggest an application other than imagery. Try to develop a receiver antenna that would convert X-Rays back into electricity similar to a solar panel converting photons into electricity. Space travel has a problem with cosmic rays penetrating the space ship and damaging the astronauts, like being under constant X-Ray bombardment, current shielding is insufficient. Astronauts during Apollo missions kept seeing flashes of light even when their eyes were closed, those were cosmic rays hitting their bodies. If you can convert X-Rays into useful electricity before they penetrate the ship that would save astronauts lives & produce power for Plasma engines. It is worth the research. X-Rays are different frequency than gamma rays but the approach should be similar. Gamma rays also come from nuclear waste, an antenna encasing nuclear waste would become a battery that last for centuries and worth a Nobel Prize.
You've got your beep in a loop so its going to happen 45 times. It seems to be 'staying on' because there is no delay between the switching off and the switching on. It goes on, waits for a second, goes off, then it changes the value of 'i' and does a check, once that check is done it instantly goes back to the 'switch on' instruction. The time it takes to switch back on is imperceptibly short. It will perceptibly stay on for 45 seconds and then turn off and continue the rest of the code.
Yep this is the reason. I was going to post this exact thing but then I saw this. Set another delay after the LOW or it has zero delay and just stays on all the time.(or set the delay before the HIGH ... I personally don't do anything before the HIGH :) )
This is great wow. Question what about radiation cell damage from exposure to x-rays is there shielding etc?
I think it’ll be really cool to repurpose an old microwave machine to do this. Since it’s already got a turning table and stuff.
Hmmm you’re onto something there! I could lead shield it then replace the old electronics with my own, I’ll definitely probably try that in the future!
@@PyrotechnicalScience yep, super excited to see it.
@@PyrotechnicalScience the microwave motor would have to be a non standard one. The motors that I have found inside the microwaves take a random direction when they are turned on.
@@Charlie8food I’d just replace it with a stepper motor
This is all so interesting, and love the technical detail. Subbed here!
Okay I had no clue they went as low as 39k, that's scary
Thanks to you I'm going around offering free cat scans to cats
Really enjoyed your set of videos on X-rays. Thanks. Subscribed. Cheers.
Very cool. MATLAB is good and is very well documented so any problems you have can usually be resolved by doing a google search. Also, going into the deep end is always a learning experience, MATLAB might be worth it if you do simulations or data analysis.
7:25 It's probably been mentioned but the issue with the buzzer staying on is that it turns off at the end of the loop cycle, but then immediately starts the cycle over turning itself back on. doing something like "buzzer on, wait 500ms, buzzer off, wait 500ms" would produce something similar to what you want.
Great job! One thing, it's probably much harder and slightly questionable regarding safety, but if you manage to run the tube at full power (not sure how many kV you are using) you can probably record video directly of the intensifying screen, then you just do a pretty quick 360spin and then extract the frames, are you using long exposure for the pictures? Excellent video, and sorry if it's something you already considered hahahaha
See if chat got can upgrade your code for you?! Could be a neat quick video!
Love the shielding being used, or not in this case.
Hello, you have a beautiful mind. Keep posting videos
😍
I enjoyed the shit out of this video. Please keep it up and continue refining your coding skills. I bet you could get this process to come out very smooth.
Very nice video!!
Wow that was good video..... I now know. How. It work great work!!
I appreciate someone picking up the baton from William Osman
FBI and DEA loves you.. greetings from bureau
Somebody probably answered this, but in your buzzer loop you need another delay after writing LOW to create off-time. Because it's a loop, it's going straight from digitalWrite(LOW) to digitalWrite(HIGH) without a delay.
Original script:
for(i = 0; i < 45: i++) {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
//delay(1000);
Very cool project!! But if my doctor pulls out a setup like this I am running! lol
Your videos are so kool. U actually explained this so well. Keep making great content like these videos.
styropyro has a successor it seems.
seriously, this shit is crazy. Impressive, but crazy
this guy seems less likely to get killed IMO, he seemed to be standing in the right place anyways.
is it me, or does that Mammography Xray tube look like it was made on the cheap as well?
Amazing. Pretty soon you'll be building a nuclear reactor
Hmm curious how the crazy phone image AI that they use to improve the image interferes/helps. If it’s possible to find an app that turns off some of the magic would be good to compare. During scientific things it’s best to remove as much of the magic and apply it later, especially because it can vary from shot to shot.
Also if you add a counter or something that was visible in the image it would help to map the particular degrees of a shot. Probably the best move is to integrate it with a Pi or something so you can correlate the shots with the actual data on rotation.
Now I wanna see you make the thing that spins really fast 😂
you should build a mini MRI next
this would be really cool to reverse engineer and properly generate a boardview of logicboards where only schematics are currently available. nice job guy.
If it's more than one layer it's mostly impossible. Cooper is normally used as beam filter in Xray machines.
6:52 Your problem with the code was not just asking ChatGPT to give you Arduino code, then describe your project and the pins being used. 😆
Welcome to "programming" in 2023.
Bro, how do you know all this stuff?! You don’t look very old. Awesome buddy!!
you need to add a delay for the beep because the statement is still true so it will instantly turn back on @7:34
The nuclear boy scout comes to mind
Actually this is a cone beam ct, not a fan beam ct as it would be in a modern ct. However, It's pretty interesting
Very nice channel, hope you keep it up and grow a ton
Fantastic project!
Is the number of slices tied to the number of original shots, or is it just down to how the data is processed? (I imagine there’s a relationship in terms of useful depth resolution, but probably not a direct one, given multiple other variables.)
I love this, but be very careful when using X-ray tubes!
Make sure NOT to expose your skin, body parts to your scanner. It's cool, but the wrong Xray strength can seriously harm the body.
Nifty ! You seem to have quite a lot of technical knowledge/skills, especially for such a young'n. I think its a safe bet that we can expect more great things from you. Instant sub ! 👍 Yup, I did say young'n BTW. 🤪
the constant beep thing you have in your code happens because you turn the beeper on, wait 1 second turn it of and repeat this 45 times in a loop, it shoud beep for about 45 seconds
That is very impressive!
Impressive...
Great video. 🎉🎉
But I have a question. Why do you scan the object 360 degrees? Isn't 180 degree of rotation enough? 0° and 180° images should be just mirror images. What am I missing?
Enjoyed your video. Have you considered doing video on x-ray fluorescense spectroscopy?
What do you think about building a scanner with an array of electronic sensors like those used by Peter Jansen? it can allow you to detect a weak signal directly, with higher sensitivity and much faster. The original "openCT 2" (can be found on 'hackaday') has a pretty low resolution, but signal-to-noize ratio is pretty impressive.
Someone make a video capturing how many times he said ct scan 😂😅
That deserves a sub
Very cool! I’d love to see how to turn this into a 3d model in Blender or something.
Sounds like Netflix and Disney are about the same. Netflix is for filings, Disney gets too hot and takes too long.
7:30 your beeper code just beeps continuously for 45 seconds...
So..... Ebay? Or what? Where did you get a working x-ray tube and HV power supply for under $200?
eBay for the tube and I built the power supply myself
I think it would be more fun to be spun around at ludicrous speed inside a stationary CT scanner instead of lying still on the bed while several hundred pounds of equipment is trying not to fly apart while spinning at several hundred rotations per minute.
(*”fun” = DANGEROUS!)
But where’s your aluminum foil covered door? No one likes roasted nuts…
Great video!
Well done, you are very brilliant. You did well finding the parts.
I don't know if the algorithm wrought me here because I saw a bunch of videos about incidents with radiation (work in nuclear), or because I look a lot of engineering videos. The CT machine looks nice, but bear in mind you are toying with radiation fields. Did you research on radiation protection? Ie: What if you relay gets stuck? Would you notice?
Very nice project. Would it also be possible to build an MRI scanner? I don't like to expose my body too much to X-Ray. MRI is the way to go I.m.o.
Awesome project! Can you provide some details about the X-ray source, such as the high voltage magnitude and the current (mA) that the tube draws? I have experience repairing dental X-ray machines, and so I have a good understanding of the circuitry and how it functions. Do you have a link to your construction details that you can share with others who might want to duplicate this project? THANKS!
What type of x-ray tube did tou use?
Mammogram
Dude this guy needs a scholarship to mit!
No where near that smart lol
He needs brainwashing?
I just realized I'm not a patreon of yours :-O So I signed up.
(Edit:* Now that I think about it, I may have been a member before, but I realized I was spending too much on Patreon, so I went through and deleted most of the memberships that used a monthly model as opposed to per video model. But I re-signed up.
If you create new levels that are _per video,_ I'm sure more people would sign up for those (I only prefer it because sometimes channels stop uploading for like a year or more, and Patreon keeps going if I don't unsubscribe).
Thanks for becoming a member I appreciate that a lot! I also got some patreon rewards coming out so I’ll be sending you a real lead white paint sample (if you want it of course)
Also didn’t know patreon offers a per video subscription, I’ll have to set that up!
@@PyrotechnicalScience yeah, I wish there was a way for someone to do both (eg: contribute $5/mo and then $10 per video), I think that would be neat
I don't know what country you are from, but in almost every country in the world you are not allowed to operate such devices without a special permit, certified radiation protection equipment, being a certified operator, in presence of a certified radiation protection officer, with your device being tested, certified and registered by an appropriate governmental institution and many more requirements. So make sure you are not committing any felony there.
He only lost a couple of IQ points when he cracked his head long boarding....then goes on to make his own CT scanner for $200 using and Arduino and some spare parts. Mind = blown.
I wanna make a death ray
CT scan a watermelon, or pomegranate and see all of the seeds, skin/rind and membranes.