Golgi Apparatus in Hindi | Structure and Functions | Basic Science Series

Golgi Apparatus | Structure and Functions | Basic Science Series
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The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to different destinations within or outside the cell.
Synthesized Proteins and Lipids in Vesicles: Newly made proteins and lipids are packed in vesicles and transported from the ER to the Golgi for modification and sorting.
Cis-Golgi Network (CGN): The entry region of the Golgi that receives vesicles from the ER and sorts molecules for further processing.
Cis Cisternae: The initial processing compartments in the Golgi where basic modifications, like glycosylation, begin.
Lumen: The inner space within each Golgi cisterna, containing enzymes that modify proteins and lipids.
Medial Cisternae: The middle compartments in the Golgi where proteins and lipids undergo more complex modifications.
Trans Cisternae: The final processing compartments in the Golgi where fully modified molecules are prepared for sorting.
Trans-Golgi Network (TGN): The exit region of the Golgi that sorts and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles for their final destinations.
Golgi Vesicles: Small membrane-bound structures that transport modified molecules between Golgi compartments and to other parts of the cell.
Protein Modification: Adds carbohydrate chains (glycosylation) or phosphate groups (phosphorylation) to proteins for proper functioning.
Sorting and Packaging: Sorts proteins and lipids into vesicles for transport to specific destinations.
Lipid and Protein Transport: Ships modified proteins and lipids to the cell membrane, lysosomes, or for secretion outside the cell.
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