Vesuvius has got to be the most iconic volcano on the planet. Basically spurred on the modern field of volcanology, created one of the best archeological sites in Europe, and has some pretty spectacular (albeit dangerous) eruptions, not to mention how active it is. Definitely deserves at least some of the hype.
Fun Fact: With the 1944 eruption occuring as Allied troops were moving north through Italy, a squadron of B-25 Mitchells were stationed at an airfield nearby. this squadron was the 340th Bombardment Group (Medium) the eruption cause the loss of 75 to 80 aircraft. this same group's losses to enemy forces? 60 aircraft.
Some people cry at weddings, I laughed at more than 1 funeral, and George Carlin thought rape could be funny. Regardless life is a terminal sexually transmitted disease. BTW... You're going to die, and it's nothing to take too seriously.@@keesvrins8410
@@kevinjones4559 I love how Americans casually mention that their relatives were war criminals. Or even they themselves, like Norman Mailer: "We did not want to be bothered by POWs, so we shot 'em" Everywhere else, stuff like that triggers outrage, but not for GIs bombing hospitals and religious sites.
I really appreciate that this video was almost more history lesson than geology about the volcano. As this is one of THE most famous (and documented) volcanoes, it's certainly appropriate.
I have been to the top of Mt. Vesuvius when I was a child (7 yo?). My Dad was in the USAF at the time and was stationed in Italy for 3 years. Dad saved his vacation time until he had a month of paid time off then took the family (Dad, Mom, my Sister and I) on a vacation. I'm currently 60yo and I still remember it well.
Great video! Vesuvius's 1944 eruption also produced prodigious lava flows. My father, who was serving in the US Navy's Sixth Fleet at the time, assisted with the evacuation of San Sebastiano before that village was swallowed up by the slow-moving, viscous lava.
I remember seeing old film probably from an allied newsreel of the 44 eruption, besides the destruction of nearby residences it also caused damage to US aircraft at a nearby airfield
Very true. It also changed the morphology inside the crater of Vesuvius quite significantly, as there was once a small cone inside it, which may be visible on the videos of the eruption. The cone seems to have been destroyed by the 1944 eruption.
Thanks as always, Geology Hub. This remake is great, more meticulous than before. The 79 CE eruption's last pyroclastic flow was apparently quite huge, covering huge swaths of not only Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, Stabiae, and where Naples would be, but also large areas of the Naples Bay area and almost reaching Misenum! (Correct me if I am wrong.) The 1794 eruption of Mount Vesuvius and the lava fountains it produced was remarkable... I find the early 1900's-1944 eruptive activity of Mount Vesuvius interesting, as after the 1906 eruption, Mount Vesuvius apparently grew shorter in height. If I remember correctly, the height of the volcano before the 1906 eruption was around 1,300 meters, and the height of the volcano after the eruption was lower than the volcano's current height. Similar height decreases may have occurred after the 1944 eruption, and obviously occurred after the relatively large 1631 eruption. Finally, there is a fascinating series of graphics somewhere on the internet that shows Vesuvius' morphological evolution from around 1631 to the present. I wish I could find it easily, though. I hope everyone can find it!
ive visited Vesuvius in 2018! I remember seeing the steam plumes coming out of the side of the main caldera. the volcanic rock sounded like glass when i walked around the rim. the gift shop was very cute, i got some volanic rock magnets and a deck of cards with illustrations of pompeii on them
I remember watching Mt Etna from my barracks in Sigonella. That time the lava fountain was about 1000 meters tall. 5000 meter lava fountain from Vesuvius…. That’s over three miles high! I couldn’t image, as the Etna spectacle was quite a sight in itself.
Had an argument with a "tourist" before as I have a project involving volcanoes. The more research I did, the more I became convinced that volcanoes have a personality and each one is unique. Kinda like us, and it is no wonder that people who live "intimately" with volcanoes call them a she or he. Then again there are the Ecuadoreans with the taita and mama volcanoes. 😅
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888In many languages, everything has masculine or feminine grammatical gender, so they have to give everything a gender in order to be able to talk about it.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 latin languages yes, I am not really sure if there is an "immaterial" article for latin-based languages unlike in english which has "it". mi español es malo but i can only recall two - "la" and "el"
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888 German has 3 genders, but inanimate objects still get one of the three. IIRC correctly, knife, fork and spoon are each a different gender. At any rate, in many languages, calling a particular volcano he or she doesn't mean they are attributing a personality to it, they just need to use some gender to be able to talk about it.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 let's just disagree. Some peoples assign genders to volcanoes: Mama Tungurahua and Taita Chimborazo come to mind; Mayon is a she (her name is Daragang Magayon translating to "beautiful woman"); Lawetlatla or St Helens means "beautiful woman"; Pelee in Martinique was referred to as "La Debonnaire Volcan" before 1902; Te Puia Whakaari is called as "she" by the Maori and they have legends of the volcanoes all fighting each other for the affections of one female volcano; Kilauea is associated with Pelé, Hawaiian goddess; I've heard Sicilians refer to Etna as their big mama; Popocateptl and Iztaccihuatl are a male-female pair; etc etc... It's not just a language thing, it's cultural too.
It seems the extremely cratered area around Naples, including a massive area under water, should be considered quite dangerous too. A real world changer if it goes off. Land has risen incredibly there, with a 4+ magnitude earthquake recently.
That's Campi flegri which is #5 on his list of most dangerous volcanos. It's a 15km wide caldera which can produce high vei 7 eruptions. Almost 500k people live inside the caldera.
While Campi Flegri is indeed a serious threat, some geologists believe that a lot of its activity is hydrothermal rather than magmatic. There's a deep layer of limestone underlying it, and the heat of the magma drives CO2 out of it by the same process as a cement kiln. This process contributes to the cycles of inflation, which is sometimes alarmingly high.
Hi! I already requested this a couple of years ago but it's ok you're certainly not obliged to do anything: I would love for you to cover the Roccamonfina volcano. It's situated in the province of Caserta (same region as Naples) and it's a fascinating stratovolcano (probably extint) more ancient than Vesuvius and (at the time) capable of delivering big explosive eruptions!
I remember seeing that one when looking north from the summit of Vesuvius. Even from that far away and it being heavily eroded, it was completely obvious that a volcano once existed there. That combined with the fact that you can see 2 other active volcanoes (Ischia and Campi Flegri) and also standing on one of the most famous volcanoes in the world really told how active the Naples area is geologically.
the scary thing about vesuvius is that it was actually formed by the colodan eruption that blew up the entire monte somma volcano before it creating vesuvius
Do we know why Vesuvius and its sibling Campi Flegrei have such alkaline magmas? Phonolitic and trachytic magmas don't seem to be all that common globally but they constitute the majority of these two volcanoes lava compositions. To my knowledge there is also an interesting correlation between the two volcanoes active and quiescent periods with Vesuvius being generally active when Campi Flegrei is quiet and vice versa. While there is thought to be a deep shared magmatic source for the two volcanoes magma chambers and associated plumbing consisting of primarily shoshonite source melts the inverse correlation of eruptive activity between the two reminds me more of other close proximity volcanic systems like Kilauea and Mona Loa which are not believed to share a same source based on their magma chemistries.
Would that not be a result of the hydrothermal complex situated beneath both volcanoes? I believe it's well understood that Campi Flegrei itself has a huge plumbing system in it's upper chamber consisting mostly of water and a huge concentration dissolved C02. While I can't make the same assertion for Vesuvius given that it has undergone many different types of eruptions over the course of the past 3000 years it wouldn't surprise me if it underwent similar cycles to Campi Flegrei given it's proximity to the Bay of Naples. That said, it's all guesswork on my part. I know Campi Flegrei is understood to be the source of Roman Concrete as the volcano basically offered it's on insta-mix solution for cement but it's hard for me to say anything definitively.
@@Akechi_The_Phantom_Detectiveyes the entire area was and is still covered by that material which is very solid and prevents now having larger eruptions from Campi Flegrei
Always accurate 👏i really wait your analysis on tne complex CAMPO DI FREIGI who already produce a big signature of suractivitee and special Sonic earthquake plus some strong earthquakes on 4 Richter scale😳🇨🇵
Hello. Im not sure were you got these numbers for the Avellino eruption that destroyed a bronze age settlement? Almost everything I read about it mentionned around 1900bc or 1800bc and a much larger eruption, either an high end VEI5 eruption or even a VEI6.
WRT Mt Somma, is there a ballpark figure of just how much of a volcanic mountain has to be destroyed in an eruption for continued edifice-building (presumably from the same vent) to result in a different name for the new cone?
The entire volcanic area here is called The Somma-Vesuvius Volcanic Complex. Each cone usually gets its own name. So Somma collapsed into a caldera and the new cone grew. Just like Krakatoa collapsed and the new volcano that emerged from the caldera is Anak Krakatoa "Son of Krakatoa."
@@RailRide technically, Mount St. Helens is also a Somma-Volcano (named after Mount Somma), in that a new volcanic cone has built up in the caldera, but, the name is still the same. Mount Bromo, Mount Batok, Mount Kursi, Mount Watangan and Mount Widodaren are all inside the caldera of the Tengger Volcano. Why do some get new names? I cannot say for certain.
Today Vesuvius began to tremor around 07:30 local and the activity has been continuous for over three hours now and in the last few minutes harmonic tremors started. Is this normal for Vesuvius? Last month I observed over seven hours of continuous tremors at Vesuvius, today its more intense than any time in observed last month.
Looking how Campi Flegrei is only 25km's away and nr. 5 on that list of potentially dangerous volcanoes, Napels probably is the worst city for long term real-estate investments.
there is quite a few opportunities from volcanoes - look at Iceland geothermal energy, or Indonesia Ijen volcano collecting sulfur and in places like Vesuvias, Yellowstone, Mt Ontake, etc, etc for tourism
@@slenderbenji Additionally, calderas tend to make for very high quality ports, and they can generate rainfall through orographic lift if they're tall enough, a big deal in drier regions. Volcanoes come with quite a few benefits, enough for people to accept the rather obvious issues. Recently extinct volcanoes are about as good as it gets if they're well placed!
It concerns me that Vesuvius has been as quiet as a mouse since 1944. I have visited it twice, in 1976 & again in 2009 - each time, you got the feeling of immense power and force held barely in check. Is there any truth in the general feeling that the longer the break between eruptions, the more deadly the force and pressure that can build up inside the Mountain? Like a pressure cooker on a hot stove with the safety valve screwed down tight?
Should one expect the modern Vesuvius cone to grow to the scale of the old Somma edifice, prior to a (hopefully distant) future VEI-6 caldera collapse eruption?
Mount Vesuvius is the most tightly monitored Volcano on the planet, the general belief is that prior to an eruption there would be up to 2 weeks warning but so far Vesuvius hasn't erupted since those measures came into place. So whether or not they're accurate remains to be seen.
Somehow Mount Vesuvius erupts every 15 minutes for several hours a day, but the eruptions are purely effusive. Okay, it's in the Italy section of the Miniatur Wunderland (model railway display in Hamburg, Germany), but it still looks impressive. ;-)
@@jakealter5504 No, it is located directly next to Pompeii. Of course, the visitors want to see an eruption, so there is one every night. The Miniatur Wunderland has 15 minutes of daytime and 5 minutes of night (with a bit of dusk and dawn added), so this dictates the schedule for the eruptions. There are many videos of this extraordinary place on YT, including some of Mount Vesuvius, the Drake passage, the miniature airport, and the newest attraction, the Monaco Grand Prix (took more than a decade to make!) - all in the basic H0 scale of 1:87 this largest model railway display in the world uses.
I would rather Vesuvius go off than it's next door neighbor as Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius share a magma chamber or so I was taught in Uni, but that was a bloody long time ago so who knows what's taught now.
Hi from Italy, before all: i'm not a volcanologist, but just a fan of this science and interested in history! I know that some evidences show to us that the actual vesuvius aka "great cone" was beginning to form with the 79's eruption, well surely the process was ongoing from years, but One roman chronist from the I°st ce b.c. give to us some indications: he talk about a flat top hill with a Little lake and burned rocks and sulphur smell, another important source Is a pompeii ' fresco, in this fresco with the god bacchus and some grapes we can see this hill with flat top, and a higher point on the left side, similar to the mount somma's profile, covered by forests and wineyards, its the most ancient picture of "vesuvius" mount.
Billy Meier said in 1981 and 1987 that "5 of italy's Volcanoes will erupt in future times and this will cause severe hardship all through Italy and will claim over 20 million Human lives," Billy Meier also said " When Campi Flegrei erupts that a huge chunk of land will break off from the Island and it will plummet into the Ocean which will cause a Tsunami of 100 to 150 meters high and this will wash out the entire Island destroying everything on it, whkle tbis is happening it will also race across the Ocean to the shores of America, Africa and the EU causing devastation and annhilation, at thos Time Mount Vesuvius could also become active and if this erupts it will crack yhe Earths crust open from Naples to Rome claimimg over 30 million lives, the 5 volcanoes that will erupt in Italy are as follows, Mount Etna, Mount Stromboli, Campi Flegrei, Underwater Mount Marsili and Mount Vesuvius along with 100s of smaller under water volcanoes, these 5 main volcanoes all erupt essentially at the same time because according to Billy Meier "They are all connected to the same Magma Chamber about 200 to 250 meters under ground."
I had a vision of two volcanos a few days ago there was a meteorite that fell. Between two volcanos one name came to me stromboli is there another volcano nearby I'm not much on volcanos
I greci più di 3000 anni fa, poi i Vulcani sono 3: Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei, e l'isola di Ischia.....Napoli è uno dei luoghi più belli e pericolosi al mondo...
I feel like there is a general trend with all volcanoes becomming less active over time. 🤔Does this trend really exist or am I misguided? Like earth probably cools over time and thus becomes less geolocigally active. If yes: how fast is this and should it be factored into statements like: "This volcano erupts on average once every 45 years."?
You’re technically correct that the core and mantle are very slowly cooling, but the process is far too slow to really matter in this geologic timespan. On average there are 50 volcanoes erupting at a given time
Well, maybe we should be talking about Campi Flegrei right now, because it might blow its stack before Vesuvius, or combine the two and kill millions of people who have yet to be evacuated, in an orderly fashion.
I guess hes nwver heard of the mega volcano in yellowstone park in USA. If it erupted, itd cover almost half the earths skies in ash for several years.
Simply cannot imagine the citizens of Pompeii looking out their windows to see the volcano awakening and moments later end the lives of nearly the entire city.
They had days of warning, and it's estimated that about half the population of Pompeii fled well before the disaster. A lot of the remainder didn't have means or opportunity to flee e.g. poor people and slaves.
One weird thing I’ve noticed about Vesuvius is it erupts a lot during wars, it last erupted in ww2 and a war in Poland happened in 1906 and in 79ad there was lots of fighting at the time I find that funny
Huh? That huge caldera is as recent as 1906? And the summit crater on Vesuvius is the remain of mount Somma? What 4:07 Okay, we're back to normal with the caldera being the remain of Mount Somma 17k years ago. The introduction of the video was a bit weird.
There’s precedent for changing the name of a particular area or geological region within recorded history. Why is it wrong to identify a far older geological structure in the same area by a separate name?
Build on sand, expect to have it washed away. Build on a volcano, expect to have it blown away... The arrogance and ignorance humans display makes me wonder sometimes... how stupid can we really get?
But you know whats crazy..... Is humans have a severe artery that could ends us. .. does our planet have the same tho in volcano vein lines ... Good god...
About Mount Vesuvius I read somewhere that its eruption in 1944 was not entirely of geological and volcanic origin. on a geological scale, 1944 AD is really nothing at all! on the other hand according to recent human history: 1944 in Italy; it is complicated, mainly due to the Second World War which is taking place on its territory it seems that during a bomber raid, a "load" was found strangely dropped in the crater of Vesuvius ????? if the planned drop zone may not have seen the difference (only 1 less) Vesuvius would have very little appreciated "the gift": it would have started an eruption
I would like to know the source of this story... Because of course Vesuvius would have gotten really angry at some careless bomber crew dropping a load in her mouth.
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888 I read this story in a book on the history of the Second World War rather than a book on volcanology / geology. the author related the temporal concordance between the "drop zone error" and the start of the eruption. but was it the error alone which triggered the eruption of 1944, or the release bringing forward the start of the eruption by a few tens of minutes; of days or months (and it would then be called the eruption of 1945 or 1946) the historian author honestly asked the question calling on geologists for help on the question
@@haven216 Aren't CE and BCE the old AD and BC renamed, with the result that there is still no Year Zero, thus 100 CE is 199 years later than 100 BCE, not 200 years later? Nothing scientific about that. Under the mks system, wouldn't intervals between a volcano's eruptions be best stated in gigaseconds?
Vesuvius has got to be the most iconic volcano on the planet. Basically spurred on the modern field of volcanology, created one of the best archeological sites in Europe, and has some pretty spectacular (albeit dangerous) eruptions, not to mention how active it is. Definitely deserves at least some of the hype.
Mt Fuji in Japan ...
Mt. Fuji is quite recognized, and recognizable, too. ⛰️ 🌋 Fuji was last active in... 1766.
After Vulcano, which gives the name to all volcanoes
After Mount Fuji and Krakatau :)
Krakatoa better
Fun Fact: With the 1944 eruption occuring as Allied troops were moving north through Italy, a squadron of B-25 Mitchells were stationed at an airfield nearby. this squadron was the 340th Bombardment Group (Medium) the eruption cause the loss of 75 to 80 aircraft. this same group's losses to enemy forces? 60 aircraft.
My father saw Vesuvius erupting in 1944 on his way to Monte Cassino and eventually Rome
It was not really funny. Ppl died.
Some people cry at weddings, I laughed at more than 1 funeral, and George Carlin thought rape could be funny.
Regardless life is a terminal sexually transmitted disease.
BTW... You're going to die, and it's nothing to take too seriously.@@keesvrins8410
Actor Christopher Lee who played Dracula and count duku climbed the volcano 2 days prior to its eruption in 1944
@@kevinjones4559 I love how Americans casually mention that their relatives were war criminals. Or even they themselves, like Norman Mailer: "We did not want to be bothered by POWs, so we shot 'em"
Everywhere else, stuff like that triggers outrage, but not for GIs bombing hospitals and religious sites.
I really appreciate that this video was almost more history lesson than geology about the volcano. As this is one of THE most famous (and documented) volcanoes, it's certainly appropriate.
I have been to the top of Mt. Vesuvius when I was a child (7 yo?). My Dad was in the USAF at the time and was stationed in Italy for 3 years. Dad saved his vacation time until he had a month of paid time off then took the family (Dad, Mom, my Sister and I) on a vacation. I'm currently 60yo and I still remember it well.
Thanks! Love your stuff! I often watch when I want to worry about something more important than human endeavors 😉
Great video! Vesuvius's 1944 eruption also produced prodigious lava flows. My father, who was serving in the US Navy's Sixth Fleet at the time, assisted with the evacuation of San Sebastiano before that village was swallowed up by the slow-moving, viscous lava.
I remember seeing old film probably from an allied newsreel of the 44 eruption, besides the destruction of nearby residences it also caused damage to US aircraft at a nearby airfield
Very true. It also changed the morphology inside the crater of Vesuvius quite significantly, as there was once a small cone inside it, which may be visible on the videos of the eruption. The cone seems to have been destroyed by the 1944 eruption.
Thanks as always, Geology Hub. This remake is great, more meticulous than before.
The 79 CE eruption's last pyroclastic flow was apparently quite huge, covering huge swaths of not only Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, Stabiae, and where Naples would be, but also large areas of the Naples Bay area and almost reaching Misenum! (Correct me if I am wrong.)
The 1794 eruption of Mount Vesuvius and the lava fountains it produced was remarkable...
I find the early 1900's-1944 eruptive activity of Mount Vesuvius interesting, as after the 1906 eruption, Mount Vesuvius apparently grew shorter in height. If I remember correctly, the height of the volcano before the 1906 eruption was around 1,300 meters, and the height of the volcano after the eruption was lower than the volcano's current height. Similar height decreases may have occurred after the 1944 eruption, and obviously occurred after the relatively large 1631 eruption.
Finally, there is a fascinating series of graphics somewhere on the internet that shows Vesuvius' morphological evolution from around 1631 to the present. I wish I could find it easily, though. I hope everyone can find it!
very cool, I'm going to try and find it!
@@rodneybiltman2005 Good luck! A useful tip may be to search pages that are Italian, like those from the INGV.
ive visited Vesuvius in 2018! I remember seeing the steam plumes coming out of the side of the main caldera. the volcanic rock sounded like glass when i walked around the rim. the gift shop was very cute, i got some volanic rock magnets and a deck of cards with illustrations of pompeii on them
Ja byłam kilka lat wcześniej,to samo
The glass sound of the rock is a good indication of the rare phonolite (phono meaning exactly what you think it means lol)
"I hope Vesuvius doesn't erupt for a long time."
Vesuvius..." I'll be around for a long time! "
Thanks for all the hard work on these videos
Quality content. Thanks, Timothy! 👍🏼
I remember watching Mt Etna from my barracks in Sigonella. That time the lava fountain was about 1000 meters tall. 5000 meter lava fountain from Vesuvius…. That’s over three miles high! I couldn’t image, as the Etna spectacle was quite a sight in itself.
I think he means a 5000 m LONG stream of lava.
a fact that about Vesuvius it actually shares one of the magma chambers with campi flegri
Flegrei
And that is terrifying.
@@cmotherofpirlboth have separate magma chambers
@@Vesuviusisking they are connected.
@@VesuviusiskingVesuvius does have its own magma chamber at 5km depth, but it also shares a magma reservoir at 10km depth with Flegrei
The volcano next to this one., Campi Flegrei is very active at the moment
Very interesting overview about Vesuvius. Volcanoes usually are not predictable for its next eruption as we need to get to know 'her'.
Had an argument with a "tourist" before as I have a project involving volcanoes.
The more research I did, the more I became convinced that volcanoes have a personality and each one is unique. Kinda like us, and it is no wonder that people who live "intimately" with volcanoes call them a she or he.
Then again there are the Ecuadoreans with the taita and mama volcanoes. 😅
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888In many languages, everything has masculine or feminine grammatical gender, so they have to give everything a gender in order to be able to talk about it.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 latin languages yes, I am not really sure if there is an "immaterial" article for latin-based languages unlike in english which has "it".
mi español es malo but i can only recall two - "la" and "el"
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888 German has 3 genders, but inanimate objects still get one of the three. IIRC correctly, knife, fork and spoon are each a different gender. At any rate, in many languages, calling a particular volcano he or she doesn't mean they are attributing a personality to it, they just need to use some gender to be able to talk about it.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 let's just disagree. Some peoples assign genders to volcanoes: Mama Tungurahua and Taita Chimborazo come to mind; Mayon is a she (her name is Daragang Magayon translating to "beautiful woman"); Lawetlatla or St Helens means "beautiful woman"; Pelee in Martinique was referred to as "La Debonnaire Volcan" before 1902; Te Puia Whakaari is called as "she" by the Maori and they have legends of the volcanoes all fighting each other for the affections of one female volcano; Kilauea is associated with Pelé, Hawaiian goddess; I've heard Sicilians refer to Etna as their big mama; Popocateptl and Iztaccihuatl are a male-female pair; etc etc...
It's not just a language thing, it's cultural too.
It seems the extremely cratered area around Naples, including a massive area under water, should be considered quite dangerous too. A real world changer if it goes off. Land has risen incredibly there, with a 4+ magnitude earthquake recently.
That's Campi flegri which is #5 on his list of most dangerous volcanos. It's a 15km wide caldera which can produce high vei 7 eruptions. Almost 500k people live inside the caldera.
While Campi Flegri is indeed a serious threat, some geologists believe that a lot of its activity is hydrothermal rather than magmatic. There's a deep layer of limestone underlying it, and the heat of the magma drives CO2 out of it by the same process as a cement kiln. This process contributes to the cycles of inflation, which is sometimes alarmingly high.
Thank you for the reassurance that Vesuvius is and will be quiet for the near future.
You really believe that ?
Hi! I already requested this a couple of years ago but it's ok you're certainly not obliged to do anything: I would love for you to cover the Roccamonfina volcano. It's situated in the province of Caserta (same region as Naples) and it's a fascinating stratovolcano (probably extint) more ancient than Vesuvius and (at the time) capable of delivering big explosive eruptions!
My grandfather was from that region. Interesting.
I remember seeing that one when looking north from the summit of Vesuvius. Even from that far away and it being heavily eroded, it was completely obvious that a volcano once existed there. That combined with the fact that you can see 2 other active volcanoes (Ischia and Campi Flegri) and also standing on one of the most famous volcanoes in the world really told how active the Naples area is geologically.
It’s crazy that Naples could just be gone one day. Sobering reminder of our impermanence
Makes you think just how small we are on this planet !😮😮😮
The volcano preserved Roman history, thanks mount Vesuvius!😊
I'm not sure those who were "preserved" would agree with you on that
Vesuvius sucks! - Some random Roman dude living at a certain ill fated city in Italy 1 evening in the later months of 79AD.
Lmao this comment 😂
Uhh weird flex but ok.... I think the guys that was preserved jaking off might agree 😅
@@ic7481 They had no idea what happened
I’d love to visit this place one day, an amazing sleeping beast.
0:35 think the graphics for explosion crater & caldera rim are mixed up
It looks like Vesuvius grew out of the edge of the Somma caldera, like lots of 2nd generation cones do.
the scary thing about vesuvius is that it was actually formed by the colodan eruption that blew up the entire monte somma volcano before it creating vesuvius
Thanks.
Do we know why Vesuvius and its sibling Campi Flegrei have such alkaline magmas? Phonolitic and trachytic magmas don't seem to be all that common globally but they constitute the majority of these two volcanoes lava compositions.
To my knowledge there is also an interesting correlation between the two volcanoes active and quiescent periods with Vesuvius being generally active when Campi Flegrei is quiet and vice versa. While there is thought to be a deep shared magmatic source for the two volcanoes magma chambers and associated plumbing consisting of primarily shoshonite source melts the inverse correlation of eruptive activity between the two reminds me more of other close proximity volcanic systems like Kilauea and Mona Loa which are not believed to share a same source based on their magma chemistries.
Would that not be a result of the hydrothermal complex situated beneath both volcanoes? I believe it's well understood that Campi Flegrei itself has a huge plumbing system in it's upper chamber consisting mostly of water and a huge concentration dissolved C02. While I can't make the same assertion for Vesuvius given that it has undergone many different types of eruptions over the course of the past 3000 years it wouldn't surprise me if it underwent similar cycles to Campi Flegrei given it's proximity to the Bay of Naples.
That said, it's all guesswork on my part. I know Campi Flegrei is understood to be the source of Roman Concrete as the volcano basically offered it's on insta-mix solution for cement but it's hard for me to say anything definitively.
@@Akechi_The_Phantom_Detectiveyes the entire area was and is still covered by that material which is very solid and prevents now having larger eruptions from Campi Flegrei
at 2:55 is that top one a Typo 1150-1500? is that supposed to be BC or is it just out of order in the list?
The list is in order of decreasing length of time between eruptions, i.e. sorted on the second column.
Is there a video on the different types of eruptions?
Always accurate 👏i really wait your analysis on tne complex CAMPO DI FREIGI who already produce a big signature of suractivitee and special Sonic earthquake plus some strong earthquakes on 4 Richter scale😳🇨🇵
Hello. Im not sure were you got these numbers for the Avellino eruption that destroyed a bronze age settlement? Almost everything I read about it mentionned around 1900bc or 1800bc and a much larger eruption, either an high end VEI5 eruption or even a VEI6.
Plus Vesuvius has had other vei 6 eruptions in the past
another freat vid thank you. the omt of info you pur in these short vids is astounding.
Great
4 km high lava fountain feels unbelievable… i mean that would make for some amazing pictures.
Can somebody does the calc how much enerergy this takes. To shoot lava so high.
WRT Mt Somma, is there a ballpark figure of just how much of a volcanic mountain has to be destroyed in an eruption for continued edifice-building (presumably from the same vent) to result in a different name for the new cone?
The entire volcanic area here is called The Somma-Vesuvius Volcanic Complex. Each cone usually gets its own name. So Somma collapsed into a caldera and the new cone grew. Just like Krakatoa collapsed and the new volcano that emerged from the caldera is Anak Krakatoa "Son of Krakatoa."
@@muziknurd So it's more like an order of magnitude, a full-on caldera collapse versus a "simple" partial collapse of the edifice like Mt St. Helens.
@@RailRide I think it's entirely dependent on who is around at the time of the caldera collapse and emerging new cone, honestly.
@@RailRide technically, Mount St. Helens is also a Somma-Volcano (named after Mount Somma), in that a new volcanic cone has built up in the caldera, but, the name is still the same.
Mount Bromo, Mount Batok, Mount Kursi, Mount Watangan and Mount Widodaren are all inside the caldera of the Tengger Volcano. Why do some get new names? I cannot say for certain.
If you were to drill a 3 metre wide hole down into the caldera, how deep would you have to drill to ensure those explosive eruptions could not occur?
The mountain had the last say.😮😮😮
Today Vesuvius began to tremor around 07:30 local and the activity has been continuous for over three hours now and in the last few minutes harmonic tremors started. Is this normal for Vesuvius? Last month I observed over seven hours of continuous tremors at Vesuvius, today its more intense than any time in observed last month.
Looking how Campi Flegrei is only 25km's away and nr. 5 on that list of potentially dangerous volcanoes, Napels probably is the worst city for long term real-estate investments.
Request for future topic: volcanic fields in Arizona. Thank you.
nice video
Any likelyhood Campi Flegrei will become a problem soon?
as long as people live, there will be people living near volcanoes.
there is quite a few opportunities from volcanoes - look at Iceland geothermal energy, or Indonesia Ijen volcano collecting sulfur and in places like Vesuvias, Yellowstone, Mt Ontake, etc, etc for tourism
@@cordellpunter5035 Tourism and geothermal is good, but I think farming is the main attraction from volcanoes!
@@slenderbenji Additionally, calderas tend to make for very high quality ports, and they can generate rainfall through orographic lift if they're tall enough, a big deal in drier regions. Volcanoes come with quite a few benefits, enough for people to accept the rather obvious issues. Recently extinct volcanoes are about as good as it gets if they're well placed!
@@slenderbenji Their soil is fertile, especially in tropical regions.
It concerns me that Vesuvius has been as quiet as a mouse since 1944. I have visited it twice, in 1976 & again in 2009 - each time, you got the feeling of immense power and force held barely in check. Is there any truth in the general feeling that the longer the break between eruptions, the more deadly the force and pressure that can build up inside the Mountain? Like a pressure cooker on a hot stove with the safety valve screwed down tight?
If there was, there would be intense seismic activity, but current activity is normal. It just means that Vesuvius hasn’t had a fresh supply of magma
Should one expect the modern Vesuvius cone to grow to the scale of the old Somma edifice, prior to a (hopefully distant) future VEI-6 caldera collapse eruption?
Most likely not
0:22 No. 1 is Toba Mountain / toba lake is the most powerful in the world ever record
In modern times how much warning was there before eruptions? Could the area surrounding it be evacuated in time? That's a lot of folks.
Mount Vesuvius is the most tightly monitored Volcano on the planet, the general belief is that prior to an eruption there would be up to 2 weeks warning but so far Vesuvius hasn't erupted since those measures came into place. So whether or not they're accurate remains to be seen.
Somehow Mount Vesuvius erupts every 15 minutes for several hours a day, but the eruptions are purely effusive. Okay, it's in the Italy section of the Miniatur Wunderland (model railway display in Hamburg, Germany), but it still looks impressive. ;-)
That’s Stromboli you’re thinking about
@@jakealter5504 No, it is located directly next to Pompeii. Of course, the visitors want to see an eruption, so there is one every night. The Miniatur Wunderland has 15 minutes of daytime and 5 minutes of night (with a bit of dusk and dawn added), so this dictates the schedule for the eruptions. There are many videos of this extraordinary place on YT, including some of Mount Vesuvius, the Drake passage, the miniature airport, and the newest attraction, the Monaco Grand Prix (took more than a decade to make!) - all in the basic H0 scale of 1:87 this largest model railway display in the world uses.
@@Astrofrank Vesuvius hasn’t erupted in over 70 years
Does Vesuvius share a magma chamber with Campi Flegrii?
No, despite their close proximity, they have separate magma chambers
I would rather Vesuvius go off than it's next door neighbor as Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius share a magma chamber or so I was taught in Uni, but that was a bloody long time ago so who knows what's taught now.
Don't tempt fate. Move far away from any volcanoes.
Hi from Italy, before all: i'm not a volcanologist, but just a fan of this science and interested in history! I know that some evidences show to us that the actual vesuvius aka "great cone" was beginning to form with the 79's eruption, well surely the process was ongoing from years, but One roman chronist from the I°st ce b.c. give to us some indications: he talk about a flat top hill with a Little lake and burned rocks and sulphur smell, another important source Is a pompeii ' fresco, in this fresco with the god bacchus and some grapes we can see this hill with flat top, and a higher point on the left side, similar to the mount somma's profile, covered by forests and wineyards, its the most ancient picture of "vesuvius" mount.
How about Etna? It's active af. This night it exploded again...
Why are names given to mountains that don't exist anymore like somma?
Mt somma still exists today.
For the same reason why names were given to continents or species that don´t exist anymore. We simply need names for anything.
Billy Meier said in 1981 and 1987 that "5 of italy's Volcanoes will erupt in future times and this will cause severe hardship all through Italy and will claim over 20 million Human lives," Billy Meier also said " When Campi Flegrei erupts that a huge chunk of land will break off from the Island and it will plummet into the Ocean which will cause a Tsunami of 100 to 150 meters high and this will wash out the entire Island destroying everything on it, whkle tbis is happening it will also race across the Ocean to the shores of America, Africa and the EU causing devastation and annhilation, at thos Time Mount Vesuvius could also become active and if this erupts it will crack yhe Earths crust open from Naples to Rome claimimg over 30 million lives, the 5 volcanoes that will erupt in Italy are as follows, Mount Etna, Mount Stromboli, Campi Flegrei, Underwater Mount Marsili and Mount Vesuvius along with 100s of smaller under water volcanoes, these 5 main volcanoes all erupt essentially at the same time because according to Billy Meier "They are all connected to the same Magma Chamber about 200 to 250 meters under ground."
Great channel. Not much legitimate media left xd
I had a vision of two volcanos a few days ago there was a meteorite that fell. Between two volcanos one name came to me stromboli is there another volcano nearby I'm not much on volcanos
Several other volcanoes
Mt Enta Campi Flegrei ischia??
Near Stromboli there is the volcano called Vulcano which is on a close by island
Vesuvius is my favourite volcano
it is probably the first one I ever learned about.
It's over! Your time has come... for a Vesuvius video.
😉
That's weird having a favorite volcano
Campi Flegrei, the active super volcano, who's caldera is located under the bay of Naples, is more dangerous.
Not really, both volcanoes are capable of destroying Naples
0:44 you got it mixed up
Have your views gone down since RUclips started forcing people to watch commercials?
Who’s idea was it to build a city right at the foot of a volcano?
I greci più di 3000 anni fa, poi i Vulcani sono 3: Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei, e l'isola di Ischia.....Napoli è uno dei luoghi più belli e pericolosi al mondo...
@ got no clue what any of that means lol
The Campi Phlegrei is more dangerous or....
Was it the eruption of Mount Somma, and not Mount Vesuvius that destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum?
100% Vesuvius since it was mentioned in Pliny the Youngers account of the eruption.
It was Vesuvius
I feel like there is a general trend with all volcanoes becomming less active over time. 🤔Does this trend really exist or am I misguided? Like earth probably cools over time and thus becomes less geolocigally active. If yes: how fast is this and should it be factored into statements like: "This volcano erupts on average once every 45 years."?
You’re technically correct that the core and mantle are very slowly cooling, but the process is far too slow to really matter in this geologic timespan. On average there are 50 volcanoes erupting at a given time
Well, maybe we should be talking about Campi Flegrei right now, because it might blow its stack before Vesuvius, or combine the two and kill millions of people who have yet to be evacuated, in an orderly fashion.
You don't rank the Yellowstone Super-volcano here...at all...?
No need to worry about Vesuvius when Campi Flegrei is next door
It was 79 ad not ce
Now that's Italiano !
I have a coin stuck in lava that my father brought back from Mt Versuvis
Vesuvius
What does the new CE mean? Is bce before Christ? Era? I honestly don't know. Why is AD not there?
Did anyone else notice that Yellowstone is on the most dangerous list.🤗
I guess hes nwver heard of the mega volcano in yellowstone park in USA. If it erupted, itd cover almost half the earths skies in ash for several years.
A sleeping then awake & angry god.
Geological. Geological.
He will awake again....... 🌋
Mt Vesuvius won’t erupt until Pliny gets back in his dingy.
Simply cannot imagine the citizens of Pompeii looking out their windows to see the volcano awakening and moments later end the lives of nearly the entire city.
They had days of warning, and it's estimated that about half the population of Pompeii fled well before the disaster. A lot of the remainder didn't have means or opportunity to flee e.g. poor people and slaves.
One weird thing I’ve noticed about Vesuvius is it erupts a lot during wars, it last erupted in ww2 and a war in Poland happened in 1906 and in 79ad there was lots of fighting at the time I find that funny
Well, historically, there's usually some kind of war going on in Europe. Vesuvius can't help but erupt during some of them.
The volcano had a bad bronze age eruption
Huh? That huge caldera is as recent as 1906? And the summit crater on Vesuvius is the remain of mount Somma?
What
4:07 Okay, we're back to normal with the caldera being the remain of Mount Somma 17k years ago. The introduction of the video was a bit weird.
Mount somma is Vesuvius before Vesuvius even existed
There’s precedent for changing the name of a particular area or geological region within recorded history. Why is it wrong to identify a far older geological structure in the same area by a separate name?
Build on sand, expect to have it washed away. Build on a volcano, expect to have it blown away... The arrogance and ignorance humans display makes me wonder sometimes... how stupid can we really get?
94134 Zulauf Unions
hope is not a good retirement strategy.
You are right. But unfortunately it´s the only one. Exactly nothing is granted.
But you know whats crazy..... Is humans have a severe artery that could ends us. .. does our planet have the same tho in volcano vein lines ... Good god...
MACHKAI KOBRA
What a sexy beast!
0:59 AD...
FIRST!
I still think of White men can’t jump every time I hear Mt Vesuvius!
About Mount Vesuvius I read somewhere that its eruption in 1944 was not entirely of geological and volcanic origin.
on a geological scale, 1944 AD is really nothing at all!
on the other hand according to recent human history:
1944 in Italy; it is complicated, mainly due to the Second World War which is taking place on its territory
it seems that during a bomber raid, a "load" was found strangely dropped in the crater of Vesuvius ?????
if the planned drop zone may not have seen the difference (only 1 less)
Vesuvius would have very little appreciated "the gift": it would have started an eruption
I would like to know the source of this story...
Because of course Vesuvius would have gotten really angry at some careless bomber crew dropping a load in her mouth.
That would be equivalent to an ant being dropped on a tiger. Volcanic systems are far larger and deeper than you think
@@HONGKELDONGKEL1888 I read this story in a book on the history of the Second World War rather than a book on volcanology / geology.
the author related the temporal concordance between the "drop zone error" and the start of the eruption.
but was it the error alone which triggered the eruption of 1944, or the release bringing forward the start of the eruption by a few tens of minutes; of days or months (and it would then be called the eruption of 1945 or 1946) the historian author honestly asked the question calling on geologists for help on the question
79 AD
CE?!? How about we give credit where credit is due and say AD.
CE is the scientific correct term
4:59 AD.... oke thumbs down for this crappy narrative
CE and BCE are scientifically correct terms.
@@haven216 Aren't CE and BCE the old AD and BC renamed, with the result that there is still no Year Zero, thus 100 CE is 199 years later than 100 BCE, not 200 years later? Nothing scientific about that.
Under the mks system, wouldn't intervals between a volcano's eruptions be best stated in gigaseconds?
Nobody care u get it?
How it started: "Caecilius est in horto. Caecilius in horto sedet."
How it's going: "Cerberus tamen in villā mansit. dominum frustrā custodiebat."
I got walk around the crater, wasn't a sunny day though. It was a showery November day, I think the small showers added to mystique of being up there.
79 AD