GFE 2016 - Gabe Brown "Cover Crops for Grazing"

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  • Опубликовано: 24 ноя 2024

Комментарии • 208

  • @americanoutdoors7341
    @americanoutdoors7341 6 лет назад +88

    Who are the 24 people that downvoted this video? People from chemical fertilizer companies? This is great information...should be required education for anyone in the ag and ranching industries. Great work Gabe!

    • @susanmyer1
      @susanmyer1 5 лет назад +8

      American Outdoors I’m working on improving the soil on my little 2 acre homestead. Learning a lot. Put out crimson clover, daikon radishes, and turnips. I have clay soil. Will be doing a sheet mulch once winter hits.

    • @wendyscott8425
      @wendyscott8425 5 лет назад +3

      @@susanmyer1 Please keep us informed how it goes! Thanks.

    • @marksheppard7733
      @marksheppard7733 4 года назад +8

      Vegans, silly. :)

    • @Irongaint
      @Irongaint 4 года назад +5

      Probably the people that still believe in roundup and the government

    • @w8stral
      @w8stral 3 года назад +2

      NO kidding. ~50% of the corn/soy crops go DIRECTLY to cattle/pigs anyways. May as well let them do the harvesting

  • @fridaynightgamefilm
    @fridaynightgamefilm 11 месяцев назад +2

    Fantastic information!! If only all farmers would watch this video and learn from Gabe.

  • @TheUxodude
    @TheUxodude 2 года назад +5

    God bless you. I grew up on a farm in Ohio. Luckily we were poor and did'nt buy synthetic fertilizers. Our soil was healthy and so was our livestock. Did'nt realize it at the time but watched our dairy farming neighbors use the synthetics with much smaller crop yields. I purchased this year 5 year old composted manure and it smelled strange. It wilted tomatos immediately. The hay fed to the cattle had been sprayed with Grazon. Glysophates destroy the soil. Please keep spreading this fantastic information. Literally saving the planet. Thank you.

    • @30jakeb
      @30jakeb Год назад

      there is no glyphos in grazon

  • @kycolonel1001
    @kycolonel1001 5 лет назад +14

    I just watched this for the third time in two years. the more I learn the better this video is. thank you for doing this

  • @joesalem7468
    @joesalem7468 8 лет назад +49

    I thank God for Gabe and his family and for this great contribution to mankind.

    • @aaronlohr8477
      @aaronlohr8477 Год назад +1

      It is truly remarkable what he is able to demonstrate. A hero, for sure. But not an idol. What he does works as long as the principals are applied in context to the locality, and be careful about expecting miracles from nothing.

  • @pedro97w
    @pedro97w 6 лет назад +26

    Every farmer that takes a check from the government should be required to watch this series first.

    • @KB4QAA
      @KB4QAA 6 лет назад +4

      Umm, you are misinformed. The gov't doesn't hand out checks to farmers. Urban myth among urbanites.

    • @johnjohnson5907
      @johnjohnson5907 5 лет назад +3

      Pelican1984 your right it's called subsidies. It's deposited into an account nothing's handed to individuals.

    • @KB4QAA
      @KB4QAA 5 лет назад

      @@johnjohnson5907 Ok, be specific. What subsidies are routinely handed out/deposited to farmers for which crops/livestock? My family farms.

    • @TS-vr9of
      @TS-vr9of 5 лет назад +8

      @@KB4QAA Convention poor management is subsidized by government crop insurance. Gabe didn't mention it in this presentation but he is unable to get that crop insurance because he doesn't farm with the practices they require.

    • @karlrovey
      @karlrovey 2 года назад +1

      @@KB4QAA The E-10 mandate is one of them. Corn ethanol really isn't a good fuel. The only reason it's in our gas is to support corn farmers.

  • @richardwaechter5426
    @richardwaechter5426 8 лет назад +30

    Gabe Brown's stuff is top shelf!!! Keep the info coming

  • @naturesgourmetfarm146
    @naturesgourmetfarm146 8 лет назад +48

    Learn Gabe Brown's 5 Principles For Building Soil Health and how he regenerated his ranch. As an experienced rancher, Gabe has learned how to mimic nature and manage the soil carbon cycle on a large scale operation vs. test plots. He "lays it all out" and leaves the viewer with the belief "I Can Do This". Thanks Gabe.

    • @afterdeamus
      @afterdeamus 2 года назад

      Þþþþþþþþ⁵⁵

  • @Chris-bx4vk
    @Chris-bx4vk 3 года назад +3

    Caring more about soil health than personal health. At least he's leaving something behind to benefit us all. Do hope he changes this in time. Brilliant mind

    • @Amaranthian450
      @Amaranthian450 3 года назад

      Healthy soil translates to healthy people when we eat food from it

  • @ToddMillerHomeSpec
    @ToddMillerHomeSpec 5 лет назад +7

    Outstanding. Common sense in the flesh. Loved this great information. My eyes were opened.

  • @lauraineneilsen8020
    @lauraineneilsen8020 4 года назад +10

    Why aren't governments prescribing this for all agricultural/stock land. Watched about 10 houurs of it and love it. I dont have a farm.. Thanks Gabe and Living Web farms

    • @leelindsay5618
      @leelindsay5618 3 года назад +3

      Governments and institutions follow the pioneers, and they don't precede them. It has to reach a tipping point in the common collective knowledge before governments and institutions will begin to teach it.

    • @magapefarmshomestead6453
      @magapefarmshomestead6453 2 года назад +3

      It also depends on the lobbies and lobbyists and how much they pay the politicians. The more they pay the easier it is to stop or greatly delay adoption of correct procedures and processes!!

    • @rjay5506
      @rjay5506 Год назад

      @@magapefarmshomestead6453 absolutley, all the chemical companys who make fertilizer, weed control chemicals etc spend millions of dollars every year on lobbying

    • @infiniteadam7352
      @infiniteadam7352 Год назад +1

      Government is ran by business men, not altruistic types. Wish people who were not narcissistic actually wanted jobs in government but it is a corrupt system that makes good men sick, or worse by changing them into selfish men.

    • @aaronlohr8477
      @aaronlohr8477 Год назад +1

      It doesn’t actually work everywhere. In a lot of the places it does work, it’s not economically feasible to go through the “growing pains” of changing to regenerative. Also, the key to the system is cattle, and beef consumption isn’t high enough to support enough cows for every farmer to be regenerative. And lastly, Gabe Brown sells tickets to events. The more tantalizing his talk is, the more tickets he sells. He rarely mentions that his yearly crop rotation is almost %50 monocrop alfalfa.
      The government is incentivizing farmers to go regenerative. But, forcing farmers to do a particular practice is how you wind up with a massive communist style famine.

  • @downbntout
    @downbntout 7 лет назад +13

    Well worth the time to see this: I think I'm making more dollars a minute learning than anything else.

  • @yohjokromwood2327
    @yohjokromwood2327 7 лет назад +34

    this guy is farming 2000 hectare he knows what he talking about.

  • @RickKaiserrsk
    @RickKaiserrsk 7 лет назад +9

    "Water is Life". We ought to all learn what these people are doing to changing our ways of cropland farming.

  • @wmo1234
    @wmo1234 6 лет назад +6

    Very powerful talk. Thank you Mr. Brown!

  • @danno1800
    @danno1800 3 года назад +2

    Thanks - very much worth listening too and maybe more than once!

  • @brianwood8207
    @brianwood8207 5 лет назад +6

    Thanks for this informtion I really like Gabe and hos ideas.

  • @johnnunez1335
    @johnnunez1335 5 лет назад +7

    Wow this really got me interested, in my particular case interested in cover crops for grazing multi species.

  • @DobryitrenerfromGod
    @DobryitrenerfromGod 4 года назад +2

    Дякую вам за цю інформацію. Божих вам благословінь.

  • @Techyfarm
    @Techyfarm 8 лет назад +3

    Awesome video for Gabe Brown!

  • @chrisshepherd8708
    @chrisshepherd8708 Год назад +1

    I was thinking of using sweet sorghum so you have the grain head you have the juice for the syrup and you had the Stover for biochar..... what do you think?

  • @TsetsiStoyanova
    @TsetsiStoyanova 6 лет назад +10

    Outstanding!

    • @sacredcowbbq1326
      @sacredcowbbq1326 4 года назад

      Nah. That's just youtube's crazy algorithm messin' with the stats.

  • @Filipsan
    @Filipsan 8 лет назад +4

    Great presentation as always :)

  • @Zword316
    @Zword316 2 года назад +1

    This is incredibly easy to follow! Yesss!

  • @gizliliman1
    @gizliliman1 6 лет назад +2

    gabe brown is gold.

  • @victoriousscholar
    @victoriousscholar 6 лет назад +4

    thank you for this lecture

  • @rajendrachoudhary5146
    @rajendrachoudhary5146 4 года назад +2

    Thanks for message by heart it is truth you explain it with proof scientific manners thanks again

  • @johnbezos
    @johnbezos 5 лет назад +3

    Great information, lets do this

  • @grassfarmer42
    @grassfarmer42 5 лет назад +7

    Gabe is the best at this, but he is overlooking his own health.

  • @jerrymalinab6285
    @jerrymalinab6285 7 лет назад +1

    yes support... merry christmat and haPPY NEW YEAR... WITH RESPECT... AMEN,,,

  • @suburbanhomesteaderwy-az
    @suburbanhomesteaderwy-az 5 лет назад +2

    Gabe love the video

  • @iangillwald4551
    @iangillwald4551 4 года назад +2

    Excellent great farmer

  • @gmoac
    @gmoac 4 года назад +1

    we need more Browns..

  • @markpiersall9815
    @markpiersall9815 Год назад +1

    Looking at some big open treeless areas. Two thoughts.
    1. Could there be bushes or tree lanes planted for silvopasture?
    2. Would it be beneficial to place Barn Owl nest box on posts?

    • @markpiersall9815
      @markpiersall9815 Год назад +1

      Also how about Sheep. Since they twin, are ready for market in one year not two and do not have as demanding a feed and water requirements they seem more efficient and less labor.

  • @maxdecphoenix
    @maxdecphoenix 6 лет назад +3

    This is great for annual crops and pasture, but I haven't seen a single video even mention root vegetables and tubers much less how they fit into this system. What do potato and yam farmers do? You can't get potatoes out of the ground without serous disrutuption of the soil. I could just about see where you could plant them through a rolled cover, but digging them out is a whole other can of worms.

  • @justinrees2400
    @justinrees2400 4 года назад +1

    So what would be a good mix to winter cows on? Either stockpile or for hay...

  • @paulfrascatore9347
    @paulfrascatore9347 7 лет назад +3

    Brilliant

  • @wallyyuriy8912
    @wallyyuriy8912 Год назад

    Out of all the resource concerns? What would be the most important?

  • @livthedream91
    @livthedream91 5 лет назад

    The one thing I’d say is we don’t have to import/breed ruminants. The animals are already part of the landscape. Leave burrowing critters alone and they irrigate the ground for you. Let natural predators manage their numbers. Just a thought.
    In ky, we used to have a critter garden that was just for them... (critters), but obviously they burrow do you can’t completely keep them out of your garden. Plant hot peppers here and there in the human garden as another deterrent.

  • @joefriday1982
    @joefriday1982 6 лет назад +2

    How do they harvest the hairy vetch for seed? It's a viney mess....

  • @robbo9216
    @robbo9216 4 года назад +1

    I’m in Australia and would love to get into cover crops but I have one question I’ve been told that it’s bad to have to much levels in npk is this correct. I’ve been fertilising for a couple of years but I’m not seeing the outcome with the money I keep pouring on to my paddocks

    • @88davidge
      @88davidge 4 года назад +1

      Hey mate, check out some of his other videos like this ruclips.net/video/ExXwGkJ1oGI/видео.html Really good comparisons on different management stategies.

  • @bonsummers2657
    @bonsummers2657 3 года назад +1

    Cover cropping for a whole lot more than just grazing,…. it's great for in general.

  • @ollievw3450
    @ollievw3450 4 года назад +1

    I wonder if GB would use a keyline plow to break a hard pan before going to no-till or if he would say it is a waste of time and effort.

    • @Amaranthian450
      @Amaranthian450 3 года назад +2

      In most cases it would be a total waste of time, unless the land has been very abused and depleted like say in an overgrazing year after year situation.

    • @ollievw3450
      @ollievw3450 3 года назад

      @@Amaranthian450 why so?

    • @Amaranthian450
      @Amaranthian450 3 года назад +3

      @@ollievw3450 because the cost of running a plow through the ground would most likely offset any extra profit you might make in yield increase. But like gave would say, depends on your context.

    • @ollievw3450
      @ollievw3450 3 года назад

      @@Amaranthian450 cool thanks for your input

  • @jaheconstructionltd8140
    @jaheconstructionltd8140 2 года назад +1

    Do we have any protection against getting sued from Monsanto

    • @Pepper-rn4hh
      @Pepper-rn4hh 2 года назад +1

      Tell Monsanto to go stick it where the sun does not shine. I'm sick of that company and the people that protect them.

  • @tonymartin7429
    @tonymartin7429 4 года назад +1

    How do I do this with pumpkins? I have to break the ground up completely to plant pumpkins don't I?

    • @danielphillips1094
      @danielphillips1094 4 года назад +1

      No. You really don't have to till to grow anything. There are times when it may be necessary but only initially. If you do till be sure to get something in the ground or covering it quickly. If you get a heavy rainfall you could wash your topsoil away.

    • @codym2903
      @codym2903 2 года назад +1

      No, I've grown a lot of pumpkins by simply harvesting them from our pig paddocks the following year. Feed pigs old Halloween pumpkins. Next year pumpkins galore.

  • @smittys19daytona
    @smittys19daytona Год назад

    So interesting, when you hear this you wounder why the world doesn't apply this it is the future

  • @panko97
    @panko97 3 года назад +1

    Help! I thought Hairy Vetch is bad for cattle?

  • @johnlvs2run
    @johnlvs2run 7 лет назад +1

    Personal health is also quite important.

    • @lorischroeder651
      @lorischroeder651 7 лет назад +1

      johnlvs2run I’ve often had the same dismay watching these, but it’s the norm when eating the American standard diet.

    • @JamesJohnson-yh1oh
      @JamesJohnson-yh1oh 7 лет назад

      Elizabeth L. Johnson said, You don't get his point? How following nature's way is best for our personal health?

    • @johnlvs2run
      @johnlvs2run 7 лет назад

      She got my point, James Johnson, but you must have missed it. Best regards

  • @ryancauzza898
    @ryancauzza898 4 года назад

    Can you broadcast all these cover crops with the right knowledge and skill? Even in a drier environment ?

    • @danielphillips1094
      @danielphillips1094 4 года назад

      It would depend on what's covering your soil. You need good seed to soil contact.

    • @Amaranthian450
      @Amaranthian450 4 года назад

      If you trampled the seed with livestock that would help for soil contact. You likely won’t get as good germination efficiency

    • @ciarataylor702
      @ciarataylor702 4 года назад

      Frost seeding

  • @jaimes350
    @jaimes350 5 лет назад

    i wonder if this technique would be good for grain cropping like wheat, oats and barley types.

    • @crunch9876
      @crunch9876 4 года назад +1

      jaimes350 he says he farms wheat

    • @jaimes350
      @jaimes350 4 года назад

      @@crunch9876 sorry i did not see your comment, you actually have to click the reply button for the recipient to be notified of the comment, if you just type in the name we dont get a notification.
      i guess i missed that part where he said he farms wheat. 😊👍👍

    • @crunch9876
      @crunch9876 4 года назад +1

      jaimes350 I clicked on reply I didn’t type your name

    • @jaimes350
      @jaimes350 4 года назад +1

      @@crunch9876 hmm strange i did not see a reply before, oh well it is an interesting video anyway 😊👍👍

    • @Amaranthian450
      @Amaranthian450 3 года назад +1

      @@jaimes350 he grows and harvests many varieties together and then separates the grain after harvest.

  • @MrMawnster
    @MrMawnster 5 лет назад

    The research doesn't show the radishes do that though....they sequester nitrates...but don't seem to release it the following season, according to studies. Its more like the yellow clover and such...it takes time to break down...the season after it will contribute. Just thought I would correct you on this.

    • @ciarataylor702
      @ciarataylor702 4 года назад

      I have heard this. We had a 1/4 acre vegetable plot clay amended with semi load of leaf mulch. The mulch wasn’t completely broken down yet. The best tomatoe plant in the whole plot was the one next to a large red clover. The clover had to be sharing nitrogen with the tomato. (Decomposing carbon ties up nitrogen temporarily)

  • @angkit216
    @angkit216 4 года назад +1

    Amen

  • @davidarnott9881
    @davidarnott9881 7 лет назад +2

    Exelent

  • @ChanceChelios
    @ChanceChelios Год назад

    At 42:45 what kinda cattle is that?

  • @rudolfogange2808
    @rudolfogange2808 6 лет назад

    What cover crop grazing is adaptable for Southwest Texas.

    • @KB4QAA
      @KB4QAA 6 лет назад

      Contact your county extension agent, or your state Ag university website.

    • @Jefferdaughter
      @Jefferdaughter 5 лет назад

      @@KB4QAA - A Holistic Management practitioner in the area may be an even better resource.
      Advice from ag extention agentsor government websites should be taken with a grain of salt. There are some good ones, but many have never farmed crops or livestock (one youngster just out of college told me that it was considered a conflict of interest if they had a farm, or ranch in Spanish).
      There is good info from some government sources, like SARE, but again, the Big Ag corporations have so much influence over our government agencies.
      They thought that livestock was damaging rangeland - yet the land is degrading further. They paid landowners to fence animals out of the areas along drainage ditches and waterways... yet they were fine with the removing of the windbreaks and hedgerows that tax dollars subsidized during the Dust Bowl... and now we have as much soil blowing and eroding away as we did then. They have told farmers that it is 'more efficient' to confine livestock and use machinery and chemicals and fossil fuels to grow crops and transport it to the livestock to eat. They have told farmers that livestock manure is so low in nutrients that it is not worth hauling out to the fields - totally ignoring the trace and micro-trace nutrients, and the BIOLOGY in the manure, plus the carbon.
      So yeah, ask the agents and look at the websites, but we should seek other sources of information and advice, also.

  • @davidscott2620
    @davidscott2620 3 года назад

    Is it 37lbs of seed per acre?

  • @timkirkpatrick9155
    @timkirkpatrick9155 4 года назад

    Your assumption of no natural tillage falls flat when the large ungulate herds are factored in prehistorically. They till but irregularly. The same is true of fire on the ground.

  • @Jefferdaughter
    @Jefferdaughter 5 лет назад +1

    11:10 - 'Conventional' means 'the norm'. These days, industrial agriculture IS the norm. It should not be, but it is.
    We have the deepest respect for Gabe, but we are not sure why that word upsets him. The practice of treating a biological process - food production - like an industrial one, of course that is upsetting. Especially since it is so destructive.

  • @billhanson827
    @billhanson827 5 лет назад +2

    Excellent presentation. In your face, no apologies to the politically correct. Nice!

  • @lukeott58
    @lukeott58 2 года назад

    Who is Ray?

  • @BowenOrg
    @BowenOrg 2 года назад +1

    GABE.... PLEASE, PLEASE, PLEASE... BUY YOUR NEIGHBORS FARM!!!!!!!!!!!! : )
    Amen
    Retired, Veteran

    • @vivalaleta
      @vivalaleta Год назад +1

      I have to wonder if Gabe doesn't pay that farmer to keep doing what he does. Otherwise his neighbors are the proudest dumbfks on the planet.

  • @shofarmvt
    @shofarmvt 4 года назад +2

    You would have even a greater net carbon and mychorrizal fungi-rich soil by growing treed systems alongside perennial polyculture pollinator fields alongside small-footprint conservation annual cropping. That way, you get far more habitat for other life, a diversity of crops, and more undisturbed soil. Annual crops are part of our lives and can grown in relationship to a total ecosystem. See Will Bonsall's methodoloy, see John Jeavons' methodogy, see no-till veg growers at Singing Frog Farms in CA. Many, many expamples of regenerative plant-centered systems that also build soil and microbiota. We absolutely do not need non-native grazing livestock to do this.

    • @incorectulpolitic
      @incorectulpolitic 2 года назад

      What if I follow your method but I also want to keep a few dairy sheep for milk?

  • @soilsaucedave
    @soilsaucedave 3 года назад +1

    Mycorrhizae Fungi!!!

  • @oldauntzibby4395
    @oldauntzibby4395 8 месяцев назад

    Bookmark 30:00

  • @centpushups
    @centpushups 6 лет назад +1

    *drops mic

  • @raurkegoose5233
    @raurkegoose5233 7 лет назад +1

    Someone needs to inform Gabe that compost tea/extract is NOT a fertilizer.

    • @BJSmith-sp1dh
      @BJSmith-sp1dh 7 лет назад +1

      Raurke Goose it is an input that costs $

    • @raurkegoose5233
      @raurkegoose5233 7 лет назад

      True, but in every talk he gives where he mentions tea, he puts it in the same sentence/category with fertilizer. Plus, making compost and tea is quite cheap. :)

    • @BJSmith-sp1dh
      @BJSmith-sp1dh 7 лет назад +3

      it is still an expence. Although it is cheap compared to chemical fertilizer the cost for larger operations would be substantial. And he doesn't really say that people shouldn't use them, just that he has had good results without. I personally feel that if you are in a hurry that tea and compost will help speed the healing of the soil. Of course rotating livestock over the land provides many of the same benefits while appreciating in value.

    • @raurkegoose5233
      @raurkegoose5233 7 лет назад +3

      2 things. First, seed for covers is also an expense. An acceptable expense. Second, covers and rotating livestock do NOT balance the soil microbiology very well. It takes years that way. Tea does speed the process up, it is worth the minor expense, which is mostly labor, since most of the compost material can be found on the farm/ranch. Look at Gabe's soil tests he shows, his fungi levels are still very low. If he would use tea, he could raise the fungal count, along with the fungal predators, and improve his soil even more than he has.
      But, my problem with what he says remains...he seems to equate fertilizers with compost tea. It is not a fertilizer, it is a biological ammendment. That was my original point. Btw, I love Gabe and have learned quite a bit from his talks. :)

    • @bradygross9825
      @bradygross9825 6 лет назад

      Raurke Goose, maybe you should email Gabe and discuss This with him?

  • @MatthewHolevinski
    @MatthewHolevinski 6 лет назад

    All of that biodiversity and what? no Rye Whiskey or Bourbon's?! pfff =-)

    • @PermieCulture
      @PermieCulture 6 лет назад

      Perhaps that's your challenge! Throw in some wheat, barley and hops into the mix too

  • @Lawiah0
    @Lawiah0 2 года назад

    Gabe Brown
    ...
    Adamic-man, *Behold the Christian Race*
    ...
    Cush (Greek: Ethiopia), means sun-burnt face
    Phoenicians described by the Greeks, as fair-haired, fair-skinned people
    Persia means Lord of the Aryans now renamed IRAN
    Zimbabwe once known as Rhodesia
    Chicongo once known as Chicago
    ...
    12 Tribes passed through the Caucasus Mountains
    (i)ssac's Sons / Saxons / Anglo-Saxons / Europe / Australia / New Zealand / North America / Christian First World / "We the People"
    ...
    38 For as in those days before the flood,
    *they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage,*
    until the day when Noah entered the ark, 39 and they were unaware until the flood came and swept them all away,
    *so will be the coming of the Son of Man.*

  • @erictorbet8104
    @erictorbet8104 5 лет назад +5

    If he just grew fruit and vegetables, he'd obtain way more calories per acre (and feed way more people). Also, all that methane from the ruminants is more than offsetting his carbon sequestration.

    • @scionofliberty1159
      @scionofliberty1159 5 лет назад +5

      That's nonsense

    • @erictorbet8104
      @erictorbet8104 5 лет назад +7

      @@scionofliberty1159 Sounds like you're "grazed and confused". Corn is 30 times more calories/acre than grassfed beef! And yes, methane emission is as bad as they say it is. Educate yourself: www.fcrn.org.uk/sites/default/files/project-files/fcrn_gnc_report.pdf

    • @royceviklund6522
      @royceviklund6522 4 года назад +4

      Where do the nutrients for your vegetables and fruit come from?

    • @michaelharrington6698
      @michaelharrington6698 4 года назад +7

      Beef is a health food, corn is a slow poison.
      I'm pro ecosystem and grass fed beef is the best food I can eat from that perspective.

    • @erictorbet8104
      @erictorbet8104 4 года назад +8

      @@royceviklund6522 Nutrients come from the ground and the air. Trees pull up minerals from the subsoil, for example. Plants are the only true producers, while animals are consumers. It's always more efficient to eat lower on the food chain.

  • @dakotabadbob4476
    @dakotabadbob4476 3 года назад

    He also sells snake oil.

    • @vivalaleta
      @vivalaleta 10 месяцев назад

      Gotta wonder if you're an agricultural chemist. lol