Jennifer, use your bonefolder to flatten the end of the linen thread so it will go easily through the eye of the needle. UberArt is my favorite Etsy shop for thread, but it’s thinner than what you needed. Also, if I think a thread is too waxy, I iron it between two pieces of paper to remove some of the wax. Thanks for all you do!
This is a great idea. My threads are way too waxy (bought them in a kit) and I would really love to save them cos, you, know, trying yo go zero waste. I would also suggest passing them through a smaller size needle. It's a delight to watch it shed the unnecessary wax eheh That being said.. I'll spend some budget in beeswax. I want to choose my cotton colours and be able to wax it only a tiny bit. So that I can also control the amount of wax that's on them eheh
I would really like to see a two needle coptic stitch binding video. I would like to see how it's done with multiple rows of binding. Thank you for your tutorials!!!
I brought the bookbinding kit you recommended. I agree with you the waxed is slippery. The first books I made the thread has held. It's good for someone starting out.
Hollanders book supply is a company that we used when I took a book binding class a couple years ago. I still use them. They have everything you need for this craft.
that cotton thread grouped by color on binder rings of that same color is AMAZING also i just followed one of your other tutorials (from 2012) and made a book using the coptic stitch!
THIS was excellent!!! The measurements, the closeups, the details, as a beginner who is a visual learner this quality of video is a wonderful find! If I wasn't already subscribed, I would be now.
I think the "waxed" threads that are slippery are actually coated with nylon or some kind of plastic rather than natural beeswax. There's just something so much more satisfying about natural beeswax on thread! Nice and grippy.
I learned basic bookbinding years ago, and I do a lot of leather work as well. In my experience braided threads are usually synthetics or low natural content blends. I have never seen a linen thread that was not twisted. I use a lot of linen for heavy leather pieces and shoes. It can be found unwaxed in natural linen, or waxed in natural or in colors. It takes a bit of looking online in the obvious search areas as well as leather suppliers and shoes material suppliers. Don't overlook commercial sewing outlets as some of the big machines will use waxed linen thread.
These are the only kind of thread I’ve tried. I do find it slippery, but I’m a beginner so was wondering what I was doing wrong. Now I get it. Great breakdown of pros and cons. Thanks!
i will watch you bind any project no matter if you have covered the method before. Your different projects inspire me. but definitely post anything different from all the other methods, i always want to learn more. 2 needle Coptic sounds great.
I'm brand new to your channel because I'm just starting out on bookbinding. This is a great video because I have lots of leatherworking thread. Leatherwork thread is usually (not always) polyester, because it's stronger than linen. Leatherworkers need it that strong, bookbinders probably don't, so linen thread is fine. I don't like a lot of wax, so I use something from Japan called Tiger thread, which can be hard to find. It comes in different thicknesses, so you can get the thickness you need. The Coptic stitch looks pretty cool. Thank you for this video.
I have both of the thread packs you just bought! The colors in the big pack are amazing! I agree that both are good for different applications. I use Hollanders waxed Irish Linen thread for sewing signatures for case binding but like the two you used in this video for open bindings and others bindings that the stitching shows. I always enjoy your videos. Thanks for sharing!
Thank you. The review and the links are very helpful. I own the kit you showed. Bought to make my first book. Use the thread for small books with simple binding. I die the thread using inks. The ink works best but is limited to darker colors. Initially I tried acrylic paint on the thread that did not work. The paint flakes off. I also used brushos powders to die the thread and that worked. Dyeing is very messing and requires drying over night. Also both methods are water reactive so could be a problem if you get the thread wet.
This is great. I was recently looking at waxed thread on amazon and looked at the same jupean listing. I like the look of the finished stitching so maybe I'll splurge. Thanks for the review.
Always love watching your videos. Always very informative and educational. I would love to see a tutorial on that stitch you were doing. That looked super cute.
I would like to see a tutorial on the twin needle coptic method. I was shown this in a workshop but your videos are always so clear it would be great to see and have this reference.
I have both the "slippery" and the "rough" type of waxed threads (both linen). I'm guessing the former has been pressed. Sewists often wax hand-sewing thread and then press the wax in with an iron. It makes for dreamy hand-sewing, much nicer than just waxing. Totally smooth and resistant to tangling.
HAHA... I have the book binding kit you got awhile ago and I got it awhile ago without knowing you had it. I do like the thread because it's more compact and it does look like the Jupean one you are using here. I also have the books by hand thread and I'll warn that after 2 years it begins to perish so I had to buy more... so you might want to tell people that it doesn't last forever. Mine broke in the process of knotting it because it's bulky. Thank you for this!
Ive used the braided thread thats used for leather. Its stronger and flat so it wont snap as easy going thro the leather pieces. It lays flat on the binding and in my opinion last longer when the book is used every day.
I have read that Crawford Irish linen waxed thread in 3 or 4 cord is the best to use for bookbinding, and in terms of strength, linen is strongest, followed by cotton, and then synthetics. The Crawford Irish linen is pricey though! I'm going to buy some to try it- I've just been using thicker upholstery thread that I wax myself with beeswax. It seems to work just fine for me but I am curious about this Irish linen thread. I love the colors of the kit you bought! All that color would be fun to work with. 😊
Thanks. I've been wondering about the various threads. Some of the braided threads I've tried seem less waxed than coated. Those feel okay, but they are floppy.
I just bought a bunch of waxed linen thread from Amazon. Interesting that the threads look so different. I'd live to see a tutorial on two needle Coptic stitch!!
When you have mystery materials, one quick method that can help with identification: burn a small amount over an open flame (take all sensible precautions, of course). The resulting odor will give you a big hint as to whether it's an artificial or natural material.
I agree about the JOFAMY thread. I got the kit over a year ago and I don't use the thread as much because while I like the thickness, it slips when I'm doing coptic. Also, when you say craft cotton thread do you mean embroidery thread?
I would like to see a video for beginning bookbinding. Something to show the basic tools that could easily be purchased or built by a beginner to get started.
Any chances you will bring back the book binding kit you created? I was a little late finding you, otherwise I would have gotten so many kits! Love your channel! 💕
Unfortunately no because the company I worked with no longer exists, but you could pick out the basics in my amazon shop. Maybe I should make a virtual kit list on there 🤔 Thanks for watching! 💛
I've just recently discovered your channel and I'm binge watching! Trying to get supplies to do a bookbinding project, and after shopping for floss/thread, I have a question. I understand that linen thread is traditional, and that the craft/embroidery floss is cotton and more widely available. But what about hemp and bamboo cord? Or cotton cord instead of thread or floss? The hemp and bamboo are used in leather work, are stronger than linen or cotton thread, and are more sustainable. They are available at craft stores, and come in a variety of colors. Have you tried them? They do have less flex than the traditional fibers, and aren't quite as soft, but I'm not certain either of those differences are bad things? I'd love to know if anyone else has tried them.
Have you ever done any tutorials on how to upgrade a paperback to a pretty, protective hardcover? Particularly for a larger volume (I'm thinking of upgrading my copy of Les Misérables, which is 1,232 pages long and quite fat), something you'd like to make look like more of a collectible than a disposable?
7:20 Did you try the flame test? A synthetic fiber (polyester, acrylic, etc.) will melt if you hold it over a flame. A natural fiber (linen, cotton, etc.) will burn.
I just started bookbinding, I guess during the pandemic. my budget is restricted and so I started out just using embroidery thread I had on hand (D.M.C. is pretty nice for quality and color range). I've also done bookbinding with embroidery thread from Daiso (a local version of Dollar Tree except $1.50 per item). the Daiso thread is a little lower quality (towards the end of the thread length, the thread may start to fray from passing through the needle eye a bit) but overall I'm happy using it for bookbinding. I've done all my coptic stitch bookbinding as single-threaded bc I didn't think my punched holes were large enough otherwise and my books are holding up ok (so far). Daiso's stock is a little hit or miss (especially during this time) so when I see colors I like, I just buy a few packs (cotton thread, 12 colors per package). I haven't tried waxing any threads but the DMC is already a little slippery.
I find the waxed thread I bought is very stiff and isn't necessarily easy to tie tight. It's linen thread, and does come in some colors. Worth the cost, for sure.
The last one looks like rebranded faux sinew. I got something similar with leatherwork kits, as well as a separate order for other craft makes, and they were marketed as faux sinew. Hmm. Thanks for the video!
Do a burn test to see if the thread is synthetic. If it becomes ashy it is cotton or natural. If it is a little ball of hard plastic it is man made. You just need a tiny bit of the string and a small plate to burn it on.
is waxing your thread more mandatory for bookbinding or more of a preference? i bound a large diary for my sister with basic sewing machine thread - idk what it’s really called - and i didn’t wax that. but i also want to do some more open-spine binding like coptic stitch and wondering if i need to buy beeswax
I found some waxed thread in pastel colors, they have become my favorite. I have an unrelated question about book cover paper. I'd like to make a large notebook with a cover I have designed, but I'm not sure how to go about printing it. Any advice on paper type/size? Thank you!
Hi TFS! QUESTION: is it always recommended to use 100% Beeswax for waxing thread? I usually am all about 100% natural organic - but I have left over wax from a candle that I don't believe was beeswax & would like to recycle it for waxing cotton triple ply crochet thread for binding threads. I don't think it's parafin - but may be soy, dunno. Any thoughts are appreciated!
Your bookbinding videos are great...I recommend them to others often. I've had the Lineco thread for years but never used it because it was so much thicker than my 18/4 thread that I usually use. What size needle did you use for it? Thanks for sharing!!
I have a stupid question, what kind of wax is it? Cause I am allergic to bee's wax. I've been using plan floss and it's been working so far, but what about long term? Am all.new to this process.
when talking about wax, it usually refers to bee's wax. You might have to do some more searching and looking up info on vegan waxed threads and what kind of wax the suppliers use for their product. If all fails you might have to buy unwaxed thread and some plant-based wax separately and wax all the thread yourself.
I wonder if some of that thread was waxed with a petroleum wax and not of beeswax. I like the stickiness of beeswax. Thanks for this vid, very informative. 🇨🇦🙏❤️✌️🐝
Hello mate, I'm trying to search some way to use my old notebooks sheets, with bookbinding techniques. Some guys, on youtube, teaches using a lot glue or using iron grid. But, I'm looking for your technics to build my own notebooks with old sheets. So, can you help me? Thx, and continues with the great job! :)
if you pop the slippery "waxed" thread in the microwave for a spell the wax should melt. that might invigorate the wax if it's been stored for a long while. if it doesn't melt it isn't wax.
Jennifer, use your bonefolder to flatten the end of the linen thread so it will go easily through the eye of the needle. UberArt is my favorite Etsy shop for thread, but it’s thinner than what you needed. Also, if I think a thread is too waxy, I iron it between two pieces of paper to remove some of the wax. Thanks for all you do!
This is a great idea. My threads are way too waxy (bought them in a kit) and I would really love to save them cos, you, know, trying yo go zero waste. I would also suggest passing them through a smaller size needle. It's a delight to watch it shed the unnecessary wax eheh
That being said.. I'll spend some budget in beeswax. I want to choose my cotton colours and be able to wax it only a tiny bit. So that I can also control the amount of wax that's on them eheh
I've never been a bookbinder and likely never will, but I just like your videos and how you put them together. Thank you for the work you do.
I would really like to see a two needle coptic stitch binding video. I would like to see how it's done with multiple rows of binding. Thank you for your tutorials!!!
I brought the bookbinding kit you recommended. I agree with you the waxed is slippery. The first books I made the thread has held. It's good for someone starting out.
Where did you find it i want so bad
Ghost hunter
I got mine through amazon
If you got it can you send it to my house
Ghost hunter
Amazons is still taking orders, and I think the kit also has a web site if you want more information
Hollanders book supply is a company that we used when I took a book binding class a couple years ago. I still use them. They have everything you need for this craft.
that cotton thread grouped by color on binder rings of that same color is AMAZING
also i just followed one of your other tutorials (from 2012) and made a book using the coptic stitch!
THIS was excellent!!! The measurements, the closeups, the details, as a beginner who is a visual learner this quality of video is a wonderful find! If I wasn't already subscribed, I would be now.
I think the "waxed" threads that are slippery are actually coated with nylon or some kind of plastic rather than natural beeswax. There's just something so much more satisfying about natural beeswax on thread! Nice and grippy.
That two thread Coptic binding looks difficult. So yes please. I know any video that you
make will be clear.
I learned basic bookbinding years ago, and I do a lot of leather work as well. In my experience braided threads are usually synthetics or low natural content blends. I have never seen a linen thread that was not twisted. I use a lot of linen for heavy leather pieces and shoes. It can be found unwaxed in natural linen, or waxed in natural or in colors. It takes a bit of looking online in the obvious search areas as well as leather suppliers and shoes material suppliers. Don't overlook commercial sewing outlets as some of the big machines will use waxed linen thread.
Thank you so much for this demo! This is something I’ve been curious about. Appreciate all the work you put into it and all the research.❤
These are the only kind of thread I’ve tried. I do find it slippery, but I’m a beginner so was wondering what I was doing wrong. Now I get it. Great breakdown of pros and cons. Thanks!
i will watch you bind any project no matter if you have covered the method before. Your different projects inspire me. but definitely post anything different from all the other methods, i always want to learn more. 2 needle Coptic sounds great.
The jupean coptic stitch looks absolutely beautiful, it really inspires me to want to create this!
I'm brand new to your channel because I'm just starting out on bookbinding. This is a great video because I have lots of leatherworking thread. Leatherwork thread is usually (not always) polyester, because it's stronger than linen. Leatherworkers need it that strong, bookbinders probably don't, so linen thread is fine. I don't like a lot of wax, so I use something from Japan called Tiger thread, which can be hard to find. It comes in different thicknesses, so you can get the thickness you need. The Coptic stitch looks pretty cool. Thank you for this video.
I have both of the thread packs you just bought! The colors in the big pack are amazing! I agree that both are good for different applications. I use Hollanders waxed Irish Linen thread for sewing signatures for case binding but like the two you used in this video for open bindings and others bindings that the stitching shows. I always enjoy your videos. Thanks for sharing!
Oh wow, never been this early before
I love these bookbinding products reviews
wow i love your bookbinding case!! all my crafting supplies just get abandoned in my desk drawer until i need them 😅
Ha Ha your so funny why can't you make them which you like just try that is what I have to tell you 🐶orevwa
I like our book making videos and return to you at all times for tutorials - thank you for your easy to follow instructions
I love your bookbinding videos and product reviews!
We have been binge watching, really loved this video and the glue so far!
I LOVE your bookbinding videos! You give such great explanations. It's always clear and doable. So MORE, Please!
Thank you for sharing! I have wondered about both kinds you tried!
Thank you. The review and the links are very helpful. I own the kit you showed. Bought to make my first book. Use the thread for small books with simple binding. I die the thread using inks. The ink works best but is limited to darker colors. Initially I tried acrylic paint on the thread that did not work. The paint flakes off. I also used brushos powders to die the thread and that worked. Dyeing is very messing and requires drying over night. Also both methods are water reactive so could be a problem if you get the thread wet.
This is great. I was recently looking at waxed thread on amazon and looked at the same jupean listing. I like the look of the finished stitching so maybe I'll splurge. Thanks for the review.
I watched your videos yesterday and they helped me a lot in binding a whole lot of papers I had into a neat notebook, thank you so much🙏🏻
Crawford Waxed Irish Linen . Try this one it's expensive but it goes a long way. Supper strong and clean!
thank you, been using nylon on small projects but I'll try the lignin with wax
Always love watching your videos. Always very informative and educational. I would love to see a tutorial on that stitch you were doing. That looked super cute.
I would like to see a tutorial on the twin needle coptic method. I was shown this in a workshop but your videos are always so clear it would be great to see and have this reference.
2 needle coptic stitch please. Thank you
Thanks for this! Would love to see you whole book binding process ♥️♥️♥️
I have both the "slippery" and the "rough" type of waxed threads (both linen). I'm guessing the former has been pressed. Sewists often wax hand-sewing thread and then press the wax in with an iron. It makes for dreamy hand-sewing, much nicer than just waxing. Totally smooth and resistant to tangling.
HAHA... I have the book binding kit you got awhile ago and I got it awhile ago without knowing you had it. I do like the thread because it's more compact and it does look like the Jupean one you are using here. I also have the books by hand thread and I'll warn that after 2 years it begins to perish so I had to buy more... so you might want to tell people that it doesn't last forever. Mine broke in the process of knotting it because it's bulky. Thank you for this!
Ive used the braided thread thats used for leather. Its stronger and flat so it wont snap as easy going thro the leather pieces. It lays flat on the binding and in my opinion last longer when the book is used every day.
I have read that Crawford Irish linen waxed thread in 3 or 4 cord is the best to use for bookbinding, and in terms of strength, linen is strongest, followed by cotton, and then synthetics. The Crawford Irish linen is pricey though! I'm going to buy some to try it- I've just been using thicker upholstery thread that I wax myself with beeswax. It seems to work just fine for me but I am curious about this Irish linen thread. I love the colors of the kit you bought! All that color would be fun to work with. 😊
Thank you for the great tips! It's good to know what to look out for when I buy materials.
I would love to learn that beautiful binding stitch! Thank you!
Good lesson, Jennifer! I will see threads from a different point of view from now!
Yes to Two Needle Coptic binding tutorial, please. I really appreciate this review as I have been hesitant to just chance it when buying thread.
Yes please to the binding tutorial! I need more projects 😍
Thanks. I've been wondering about the various threads. Some of the braided threads I've tried seem less waxed than coated. Those feel okay, but they are floppy.
I just bought a bunch of waxed linen thread from Amazon. Interesting that the threads look so different. I'd live to see a tutorial on two needle Coptic stitch!!
When you have mystery materials, one quick method that can help with identification: burn a small amount over an open flame (take all sensible precautions, of course). The resulting odor will give you a big hint as to whether it's an artificial or natural material.
I agree about the JOFAMY thread. I got the kit over a year ago and I don't use the thread as much because while I like the thickness, it slips when I'm doing coptic. Also, when you say craft cotton thread do you mean embroidery thread?
I would like to see a video for beginning bookbinding. Something to show the basic tools that could easily be purchased or built by a beginner to get started.
I’d love to see tutorials on your binding methods!
Great tutorial. As always! I’ve learned so much from you!
Any chances you will bring back the book binding kit you created? I was a little late finding you, otherwise I would have gotten so many kits! Love your channel! 💕
Unfortunately no because the company I worked with no longer exists, but you could pick out the basics in my amazon shop. Maybe I should make a virtual kit list on there 🤔 Thanks for watching! 💛
@@SeaLemonDIY Virtual list would be a great idea! One stop shop. Thank you!
I've just recently discovered your channel and I'm binge watching! Trying to get supplies to do a bookbinding project, and after shopping for floss/thread, I have a question. I understand that linen thread is traditional, and that the craft/embroidery floss is cotton and more widely available. But what about hemp and bamboo cord? Or cotton cord instead of thread or floss? The hemp and bamboo are used in leather work, are stronger than linen or cotton thread, and are more sustainable. They are available at craft stores, and come in a variety of colors. Have you tried them? They do have less flex than the traditional fibers, and aren't quite as soft, but I'm not certain either of those differences are bad things? I'd love to know if anyone else has tried them.
popular doesn't always mean "great content" :) love watching your videos... please continue to make more of your book binding videos :)
Thank you! Have you tried a burn test to determine if that middle thread is indeed synthetic?
In your opinion, what is the best binding method for a heavy page count?
Great video, as ever. 👍🏻
Which one should we use to make a friendship band
Just curious about what you think of carpet thread. It's very sturdy & strong.
Oh, thanks for doing this! I will check these threads out!
I got the same binding thread from Amazon I love it 😍
Anything book related...present.
Lolo
You have a nice voice
Have you ever done any tutorials on how to upgrade a paperback to a pretty, protective hardcover? Particularly for a larger volume (I'm thinking of upgrading my copy of Les Misérables, which is 1,232 pages long and quite fat), something you'd like to make look like more of a collectible than a disposable?
I am the first viewer and a great fan of yours, your videos are amazing love the video😍😊👌cool video 😊😎😍
I have some like you got. Haven’t used it yet but cool to see what you do with it
I sometimes use upholstery thread and double it or more
Very informative and helpful. Thank you.
7:20 Did you try the flame test? A synthetic fiber (polyester, acrylic, etc.) will melt if you hold it over a flame. A natural fiber (linen, cotton, etc.) will burn.
I just started bookbinding, I guess during the pandemic. my budget is restricted and so I started out just using embroidery thread I had on hand (D.M.C. is pretty nice for quality and color range). I've also done bookbinding with embroidery thread from Daiso (a local version of Dollar Tree except $1.50 per item). the Daiso thread is a little lower quality (towards the end of the thread length, the thread may start to fray from passing through the needle eye a bit) but overall I'm happy using it for bookbinding. I've done all my coptic stitch bookbinding as single-threaded bc I didn't think my punched holes were large enough otherwise and my books are holding up ok (so far). Daiso's stock is a little hit or miss (especially during this time) so when I see colors I like, I just buy a few packs (cotton thread, 12 colors per package). I haven't tried waxing any threads but the DMC is already a little slippery.
I find the waxed thread I bought is very stiff and isn't necessarily easy to tie tight. It's linen thread, and does come in some colors. Worth
the cost, for sure.
The last one looks like rebranded faux sinew. I got something similar with leatherwork kits, as well as a separate order for other craft makes, and they were marketed as faux sinew. Hmm. Thanks for the video!
Is Natural Bamboo Cord #20 good for book binding? I got mine in several colors.
Do a burn test to see if the thread is synthetic. If it becomes ashy it is cotton or natural. If it is a little ball of hard plastic it is man made. You just need a tiny bit of the string and a small plate to burn it on.
Until now I've never used synthetic thread in my projects but I think I might try some out if I can find the flat variety. ^^
Very good work,like it.
is waxing your thread more mandatory for bookbinding or more of a preference? i bound a large diary for my sister with basic sewing machine thread - idk what it’s really called - and i didn’t wax that. but i also want to do some more open-spine binding like coptic stitch and wondering if i need to buy beeswax
Love all your videos!!!
Very instructive. Thanks! 👌🏼
I found some waxed thread in pastel colors, they have become my favorite. I have an unrelated question about book cover paper. I'd like to make a large notebook with a cover I have designed, but I'm not sure how to go about printing it. Any advice on paper type/size? Thank you!
Hi TFS! QUESTION: is it always recommended to use 100% Beeswax for waxing thread? I usually am all about 100% natural organic - but I have left over wax from a candle that I don't believe was beeswax & would like to recycle it for waxing cotton triple ply crochet thread for binding threads. I don't think it's parafin - but may be soy, dunno. Any thoughts are appreciated!
I have ordered thread from colophon and like it a lot. It comes un waxed so I can wax it however much I want.
Thanks for sharing .....and I love your hair cut :D xoxoxo
Your bookbinding videos are great...I recommend them to others often. I've had the Lineco thread for years but never used it because it was so much thicker than my 18/4 thread that I usually use. What size needle did you use for it? Thanks for sharing!!
I’m not sure what size it is, it came just as a curved bookbinding needle. Thanks for watching! 💛
Yay another video 🤗
I have a stupid question, what kind of wax is it? Cause I am allergic to bee's wax. I've been using plan floss and it's been working so far, but what about long term? Am all.new to this process.
when talking about wax, it usually refers to bee's wax. You might have to do some more searching and looking up info on vegan waxed threads and what kind of wax the suppliers use for their product. If all fails you might have to buy unwaxed thread and some plant-based wax separately and wax all the thread yourself.
I wonder if some of that thread was waxed with a petroleum wax and not of beeswax. I like the stickiness of beeswax. Thanks for this vid, very informative. 🇨🇦🙏❤️✌️🐝
Hello mate,
I'm trying to search some way to use my old notebooks sheets, with bookbinding techniques. Some guys, on youtube, teaches using a lot glue or using iron grid. But, I'm looking for your technics to build my own notebooks with old sheets. So, can you help me?
Thx, and continues with the great job! :)
Thanks for the vid
Love you Jennifer!!!
Do you have a link where you were able to get your bookbinding chipboard covers?
Thank you! This is so helpful : )) X
Do you have a video link for the book binding with ribbon?
Please do that binding Tutorial
if you pop the slippery "waxed" thread in the microwave for a spell the wax should melt. that might invigorate the wax if it's been stored for a long while. if it doesn't melt it isn't wax.
Omg I needed this
There are leather crafting thread that are of higher quality and thinner, but are still strong. I bind my notebooks using my leather threads 😊
Please do a step by step tutorial on copic binding process. Thank you .. I’m a beginner .. so many tutorials go too fast to understand the steps.
Nice 👌
Have you tried “Fil Au Chinois” thread
Hey im first here about to watch video
I make tiny books so book binding thread is to thick. I use upholstery threat because it is smooth thin and strong.
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Gar! I thought it was a collection of posts.
1 VIEW 13 LIKES 10 CEMMENTS. thats hilarious