Answering common comments: C: Why do you use Russia in your video titles? A: Because I have access to statistics of what my viewers and potential viewers are interested in and most of them search for "Russian history". The region is commonly called "The Russian Plain"(shortened as Russia). It is a long-established and accepted name in academia and popular perception. Until a better name comes up and becomes as widely accepted, I will use Russia in order to make my videos as accessible and comprehensible to a wide an audience as possible. C: Why not use "Rus" instead of "Russia"? A: Because new viewers have no idea what "Rus" is, which is relatively obscure history compared to most historical - even medieval - topics. Furthermore, "Rus" was referred to as "Russia" in Latin since the 11th century - Rhosias in Greek since the 10th. You can look it up very easily. C: Rurik's existence has been proven by DNA! A: Watch the video. C: Rurik's existence has been proven by archaeology! A: Archaeological findings do not prove that a certain person going by a certain name associated with a certain legend existed, unless if you'd locate a finding with the name and bearing some association with the legend. There is however, some archaeological findings which align with the legend - Riurikovo Gorodishche(Rurik's fortress, believed to be the original Novgorod, it is a modern term for the archaeological site) was founded in the mid-9th century, close to Rurik's later attested reign(which contradicts the Primary Chronicle which said that Novgorod was much older); both RG and the settlement at Ladoga were subject to fires in the 870s, indicating some sort of turmoil, like the one preceding Rurik's attested reign and invitation. But again, this does not prove that a guy called Rurik existed, only that the legend written down 300 years later might've had a grain of truth to it. Remember that stories get modified over time, however. I've talked about this in previous videos. C: Why do you deny the existence of Rurik? A: Rurik's existence has never been denied in the video. C: Rurik was a Swede from Roslagen! A: Watch the video. C: Rurik's existence has been proven by the Primary Chronicle! Do you also deny the existence of Julius Caesar or Napoleon? A: The Primary Chronicle is the first available source mentioning the existence of Rurik, and it was written almost 300 years after his purported existence. Historians judge sources as more reliable based partly on proximity to the occurrence of events, and prefer to cross-reference with multiple proximate sources. Julius Caesar and Napoleon have countless sources from their own lifespans writing about them. I didn't discuss this in-depth in the video but perhaps I should have. C: You support Putin! You support NATO! This is Anti-Germanic revisionism! This is Anti-Russian propaganda! A: The sign is a subtle joke. The shop is called "Sneed's Feed & Seed", where feed and seed both end in the sound "-eed", thus rhyming with the name of the owner, Sneed. The sign says that the shop was "Formerly Chuck's", implying that the two words beginning with "F" and "S" would have ended with "-uck", rhyming with "Chuck". So, when Chuck owned the shop, it would have been called "Chuck's Fuck and Suck".
The thing is that Rurik is the founder of Rus, that's the statement that was adopted long time ago. People believe that he's the first, while no trustful evidence shows that he existed. It's kinda similar with history of greece at some point
Brother in Christ the fact you even have to type this common sense shows how brainrot modern day society has become Russia is cool saludos desde Mexico 🇲🇽 😅
I discovered your channel last night and watched a few of your videos, I went to bed asking myself if Rurik ever existed or was he just a mythological figure like king Arthur. I woke up this morning and this popped into my feed, what a great coincidence!
@@balticempire7244 i received the name in 1970 and passed it on to level 6 of the bourne conspiracy game (early audio dev) and a member of the white mountain apache tribe. i'm the reason congresswoman gabrielle giffords got shot in the head. because i talk about lodge members. if you acknowledge this message, then other people can see it as well. otherwise, youtube will hide it.
had that kind of experience with some other channels, always makes me ponder about synchronicity. It's odd, but you have to admit, also incredibly convenient.
Russian from Moscow here! We never learned all of this in history classes, only that he was a Viking from Scandinavia (that’s common knowledge among everyone here). So very interesting in-depth analysis
@@user-ny2dx7lz3s Их огромное количество, от русо-византийских договоров до захоронений на Северо-Западе Руси. Правящая элита была по большей части скандинавской, это правда. Но ничего такого в этом нет, потому что это обычная ситуация для раннего средневековья, ведь никаких наций еще не существует. Да и они ассимилировались примерно лет за сто, как во Франции или Англии.
@@user-ny2dx7lz3s есть огромный исторический срач на эту тему среди многочисленных представителей научного сообщества как в россии так и за её пределами. я не знаю ни одной другой темы в нашей истории которая вызывала бы столько бесконечных споров. если по факту я как обыватель не берусь для себя решать кем он был, норманном или нет.
interesting addition, in Russian there are no words starting with or contains f. The letter "f" was not originally present in the alphabet. It was introduced specifically to indicate the sound in borrowed words. The appearance of the letter dates back to the 13th-14th centuries. Therefore, almost all words in which it occurs are borrowed. this is about the theory of fresen
there are some. like «фыркать», the etymology of which is slavic, just an onomatopoeic word. its just that no “F” sound existed in protoindoeuropean, a common ancestor of every european language with rare exceptions. it later became a thing in greek language, from which it kinda spread through europe. btw, words that starts with “A” also rarely have slavic roots.
Rurik is supposed to have founded the Kievan Rus state so that was before the Russian alphabet existed. The two alphabets Rurik as a Varangian could have been familiar with, were the Futhark (Runic) and the Latin. Both of these alphabets include the letter F, the Futhark even starts with it.
The Early Middle Ages in Eastern Europe is an amazing topic, poorly covered even in Russia, a topic that often falls victim to misinformation and fantasies of neo-pagans and pseudo-historians. It's a pity that your videos are only in one language.
There were Varangians (Norse, Viking) and they spread to Russia (and Ukraine): the archaeology is very clear about that: early Rus and the Danelaw/Normandy were just two poles of a same economic and cultural system. In both cases they adopted local customs and language and became Christian eventually. Furthermore, the Goths, who also originated in Sweden but centuries earlier, were also doing pretty much the same thing, just that using the Vistula instead of the Bothnia-Upper Volga system and with less known trading/boating emphasis, more primitive. Sweden is dangerous.
@YanPolo23 There wasn't a Russia either, numbnuts. None of our modern polities existed back then, they're geographical designators to make average people and mouth-breathers, like yourself, understand which locations are being talked about.
What are you talking about ? The last swedes I encountered where a good head shorter than me and had brown eyes Even me as beta Russian slav slave garbage has blue eyes and taller than them
I think I remember there having been a DNA search attempt some years ago, by cross referencing people that descended from Russian and East European nobility that claimed relationship to Rurik. If I remember correctly the study indicated that they would have had a shared ancestor from Roden / Roslagen, Sweden, while being genetically Finnish. Which tracks with the Finnish settlements that existed in Roden / Roslagen at the time.
It makes me wonder what the odds could be to be actually related to Rurik. Many people of Finno-Ugric origin got reddish hair/beard like Rurik did but apparently he could straight up possibly just not have existed. But he also could have been the Charlemagne of Eastern peoples. (not because he would have been bloodthirsty but because of the amount of descendants he might have had :D)
@@gabork5055 The DNA seems to indicate that a lot of Russian nobility have a shared ancestor of Finnish/Swedish decent. But if that person was the Rurik that somehow founded the Kiev Rus is ofc hard to say.
I've read this too. But for example most of these known places and lands have been areas of Finnish tribes and forcefully assimilated into what became the Kievan Rus,Ukraine,Russia or controlled by the Roden/Rus people that was making their mark on the Eastern European soil. DNA evidence seems Finnish, Haplogroup of native Europeans.
@@balticempire7244*what people who travel through history books, do not understand something, that former peoples were much better than the peoples of modern gay europe...*
Because Rurik was described in one single document written 300 years after his alleged existance, and Julius Caesar was mentioned in countless documents within the time that he himself lived.
Rurik was real. I haven't watched the video yet, but I'll write a list of the main arguments right away. 0. He is described as the ruler of Novgorod in the oldest chronicle. 1. There was no point in inventing him later, he is not some great king, nothing is known about his great deeds, unlike Oleg, who made a successful campaign to Constantinople, which was the most significant city in the world. If someone comes up with a legend about ancestors (and the chronicler had no reason to do this on his own, and not by order of the ruling prince), then these will be ancestors with legendary deeds. Or majestic origins. Or allow to claim power in another land. Like in the 16th century, Russian tsars came up with a genealogy from Octavian Augustus. There was no point in inventing the origin from Rurik, about whom no one knew, and not to trace it back to the real and great Oleg. Rurik simply... was. He simply sailed to the Novgorod land with a group of his armed people, became the leader of the local peoples and fathered a son. Like many other similar Scandinavian leaders in the 9th c. This is a typical and very common phenomenon for the 9th century. But in the 12th century this was no longer relevant, so it would have been difficult for a slavic kievan chronicler of the 11th-12th centuries to come up with an event from the 9th century that would correspond so precisely to the era. 2. The chronicle is accurate in other details. The presence of Varangians among the inhabitants of Novgorod (Gorodishche) and Ladoga coincides with the time (second half of the 9th century) indicated in the chronicle. It is right in the existence of his relative Oleg and son Igor, which are confirmed by contemporary foreign sources. The chronicler clearly describes Igor and Oleg from his own, local sources, and not from the records of the Byzantine emperor about their campaigns. Knowing from other sources that Igor and Oleg were real, there is no point in thinking that the chronicler invented Rurik for no reason. 3. The Rurikovichs (and many other dynasties) had a clear tradition of passing on names by inheritance in honor of ancestors. And there were several princes later with the name "Rurik", and the first of whom lived in the 11th century, which is older than the time of writing of the chronicle. This clearly indicates the presence of a person named Rurik in their family in the past. 4. Rurik is a transparent Scandinavian name (according to the current consensus of linguists) in the Slavic form. But by the 11th and 12th centuries, the descendants of the first Varangians were assimilated among the slavic people. The assumption that Rurik was invented by the chronicler suggests that the Slavic chronicler from Kyiv of the 11th-12th centuries, inventing a name for the founder of the dynasty, does not take the Slavic name familiar to him, but, understanding well what language the Varangian leaders of distant Novgorod spoke, gives him a name from this language and in the exact correct Slavic form. Taking all this into account, the chronicler wrote down a real legend about a real person, the same as Oleg and Igor, but who was not such a significant ruler, but just ruled (as a tribal chief) in the north and a smaller country, so the name of this one another Scandinavian in a distant and pagan part of Europe does not appear in Byzantine and Frankish documents, but it was preserved by his descendants, who created a mighty power. We can only say that such a person existed and he had a certain power in the Novgorod region in the second part of the 9th century. P.s. Google translate, sorry if there are any mistakes
Good points, the modern Scandinavian are often so steeped in Marxist dogma that they only strive to tear history down- that’s the goal, making an eternal year zero.
In the end, there is no hard evidence. If we were talking about King Arthur no one would immediately assume he was real. Part of his existence was a Druidic spiritual tradition, part folklore or oral history, and part could be based on a real individual. The same goes for Rurik.
@@gideonros2705 No, these are completely different cases. Here we have a direct and clear description in the chronicle, devoid of mythology and unreality, together with other such real characters (Oleg, Igor, Svyatoslav), about whom modern and foreign sources write. If we consider the characters and events in the chronicles a priori non-existent only because they are not confirmed by contemporary documents, then we will have to give up a huge part of our knowledge about history. A lot is learned from the chronicles compiled later, and we get evidence from indirect signs. There was a good video about King Arthur from Cumbric historian. King Arthur was not described in the chronicles, the information about him is contradictory and extremely fragmentary. Here we have a coherent chronicle narrative, the rest of which (the existence of the Varangian elite in the Slavic lands in Novgorod, and then in Kyiv, the existence of his son Igor, Oleg, Svyatoslav) is fully confirmed by other modern sources, archaeological and chronicle. Since this is all true, then there is simply no point in taking the part of the chronicle about Rurik and considering it an over-thought-out and extremely successful and realistic, but senseless forgery of the chronicler (taking into account all of the above). Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity
Anti normanism came to be way before Russia seized control of Kaliningrad), it comes back to the 19th century and before. Those marginalized media rants are just something that always comes up every now and then.
There are very little to no people saying the rus wasn’t diverse. Literally the history classes we took both Uni and school talked about different ethnicities forming the Rus. You say many facts to prove a claim But the problem is the claim itself is misleading.
A really interesting and good analysis of Rurik, as a Finn I would be interested to hear what the sagas and history say about Finns during the Viking era, it would be great if you ever made a video on that topic.
Hello! Guy from Sweden here, in Sweden we learnt about Rurik. We were told that he was a Swedish man who sailed up the rivers of Novgorod and settled there. I think it's very interesting the story of Rurik, gret video man keep it up!
12:27 Roderick is the Anglicisation of SEVERAL unrelated names, including the Gaelic Ruaidhri (red ruler) and Rhydderech (exalted ruler), but also the Norse Hrodrikr (famous ruler). The 'rhi/rikr' (rex, ruler) part is proto-Indo-European; it was NOT transferred from Celtic to Germanic languages after Christianisation but was present in both (as well as other Indo-European languages) long before - take the names of Ardaric, Alaric, Theodoric etc. from the Gothic elite, for example. Considering the geographical location of Novgorod and supported by the archeological evidence of Norse presence, the potential Celtic origin of Rurik's name seems highly unlikely.
Indeed. Last Visigothic King of Toledo was literally King Roderick. (The etymological origin of the Spanish name ‘Rodrigo’ and surname ‘Rodriguez’ is Visigothic.)
Haven't been watching in a while, but great video on a very cool topic once again! Here in East Frisia we've actually got a village called Rorichum after one or another Rurik - wouldn't count on it being the same guy, but who knows, eh? Haha
I thought that it was ridiculous that the Slavs would invite the Varangians back after expulsion - that is, until I read what Jerod Diamond wrote about the tribes of New Guinea. The tribes there welcomed the Australian military as its presence helped ensure peace - so you could urinate without fear of getting stabbed. Same goes with the East Slavs - per the Primary Chronicle those tribes invited the Varangians back after a period of strife. So do I think that Riurik was a real person? Yes. I hold that the Primary Chronicle is true. There wasn’t really any reason for the Ukrainian monks to make this stuff up, rather, I think they wrote down an approximation of what happened.
Great video as always! Will we ever get a video on Sviatoslav and the military peak of the Rus or maybe the norse and slavic influences in fictional worlds like Dale and the northmen of Tolkien?
Of course Rurik existed. You can't deny the existence of ancestor of large dynasty because all descendants are the proof of his existence :). His closest descendants are documented in Byzantine chronicles: Rurik's son Igor/Ingvar with the regent Oleg/Helge, Igor's wife Olga/Helga, their son and Rurik's grandson Svyatoslav/Svendislav.
Very interesting position about biblical references actually, this opinion wasn't discussed in Russian classes, we just been told that Rurik was Norseman and found the dynasty
According to the Primary Chronicle, Askold and Dir got permission from Rurik(after he established himself in Novgorod) to go south, where they seized control over Kiev. After Rurik's death, Oleg took over as regent of Rurik's son Igor, and went south and conquered Kiev from Askold and Dir. Askold and Dir are probably the most obscure figures in the Chronicle, I've talked about them a bit in the Kiev video, next video about Oleg will also, but I might make a dedicated episode on them, but idk how long it'll be.
@@balticempire7244 oh gotcha. Thanks for the clarification. Yeah - and I guess the legend goes that Oleg and his team murdered Askold and Dir in some underhanded way and they were later canonized as martyrs ? Or am I confused again? :)
Askold and Dir were seemingly pagans - they were never canonized. You may have them confused with Boris and Gleb, two sons of Vladimir the Great who in the 11th century perished during one of the Rus' civil wars, and were subsequently canonized as saints.
Great video as always! I especially appreciate your thorough walk-through of all the different sources and the ifs and buts. No "This is the truth about X", as many creators do.
In one of your videos you mention the settlement of "Ruzaramarcha" in Austria and it got me thinking: Is there a link between the Rugii tribe and Ruzaramarcha? Since the settlement is in the same territory of Rugiland, I thought perhaps there was a link, albeit quite weak, between the word Rus' and the Rugii, especially since we know the Rugii inhabited Pomerania, which is where the Wends (more specifically, the Rujani/Rani Tribe) later settled.
Interesting (for me) that Rye is called Rug here in Denmark and didn't come along until somewhat late. Curious if our ancestors hadn't traded to it through trade routes travelling through there. The way Satsumas, Mandarins and Nachi (in parts of Africa and with numerous variations) are named after the ports/areas they came from - the name stamped on the crates they arrived in, on our foreign shores more than their actual names where they originated.
Very interesting topic indeed. I would personally think Rurik may have been a name of some prince that ruled over the areas at one time or another but was not a single founder of a state. Likely mythical writing based on common stories of the people and religious ideas. But anyhow, cheers!
There is hardly any Nordic influnces in Russia or the Russian language...the Nordic footprint is almost non existent.(The baltic slavic theory seems to be more correct)
Very nice video but I must correct. In 24:03 you mention that Louis the Pious was fighting with his siblings but they were actually his sons. Louis was the only son of Charlemagne who outlived him so his realm was whole although he gave some land to his sons with who he did have conflict which you also mentioned at that moment of the video just referring to his sons as his siblings but nice video regardless, I learned bunch of new things.
Certainly, he did exist; this has been confirmed through genetic testing. He has numerous descendants among Russians today, and if I'm not mistaken, they all carry the haplogroup N. This haplogroup is not typical for Swedes, but it is present in samples from the Viking period. In any case, know that this dynasty still exists and is very numerous.
Rurik is a literary invention, an imaginary place-holder, a mythological hero like King Arthur, or Achilles, or Sasquatch. There is no DNA, there are no bones, there is no evidence, just like Goldilocks, or Cinderella. Just an old fable and bored people arguing nonsense about it.
I can tell you by DNA my family migrated to Australia from Prussia (Germany, Poland) and we are Slavic not German. Mecklenberg is one of the places we came from. Interesting.
Literally 1/4 of my ancestors came to Australia from various German states, but I seem to have zero "Germanic" DNA. There's only ~10% that's not British, & the largest % is Jewish, which is unsurprisingly from Prussian ancestors from what's now Poland. The rest is Slavic, Baltic or Scandinavian.
@@neomortalgirl If your ancestors came to Tassie, that might not even be a joke cos I’m related to half the island, lol. Slight exaggeration, but I AM related to half the people on the little island where the Prussian family settled. DNA results make so much more sense & tell you much more if you know your family history, & the history of the places they’re from.
@@beth7935 yeah i had cousins who moved to tassy from those lines. Cannot think which ones moved there though. The names of my ggg great parents that came over in my family were Heller, Eltze, Hinneberg, Lehmann, Baum, Schorradt, Vogel, Schwarz, Thomas, Breuer, Deutscher and Kockrick. The more German sounding ones are all assumed names they took on before getting on the boat such as Eltze, Kockrick and Hinneberg. You can tell from our appearance that we are jewish.
@@neomortalgirl Nope, no match. My ancestors’ surname was Dunckel, & we can only trace back 2 gens. of Christians with German names- Bergaman, Diederichs & Thielen. They lived far from Mecklenburg too, in the far east of Poland near the Belarusian border. It _is_ similar though; “Germans” who were ethnically Jewish & Slavic etc. I’m not really sure what makes someone look Jewish, but I wouldn’t with ~5% Jewish DNA anyway. I apparently look Italian with a tan, including to actually-Italian people, but nope, that’s from British ancestors.
Ruriks father was Godoslav of the Obotrites tribe that lived in the modern day province Pommerenia (meaning coastal land in slavic language) in North Germany. Rurik did come and rule the land of Rus, the only misconception is that he was of scandinavian origin when he was from a slavic tribe.
I've always wondered if the P to F (eg. Pater to Father) was somehow influenced by some dietary element like making flour/bread - with little grains of sand and stone in the bread from early Quern and grinding stones. With smaller, less perfectly made examples accelerating the grinding down and loss of teeth, leading to linguistic change. Moving to the agricultural diet could have changed our language as well as our health, as such. Not a hill I'd die on but just one of those ideas I have floating around in the back of the head..
Problem with that explanation is that the th sound needs teeth and the P sound requires no teeth either, being only lips. I feel like if it were the case it would go vice versa, with hard Ts and Ps being possible with less teeth
@@gweegweezoozoo As someone with no teeth, it does not but you're used to hearing it with them and likely learnt to say it with them, so imagine that's where your (widely held) idea comes from. The 'Th' in English is more often a T or D elsewhere - Eg. 'De, dem, deres' in Danish - 'they, them, theirs' in English - and that's the languages as we have them today, not the ones we had well over a thousand years ago (with numerous different ways of spelling words, seemingly not all agreed upon by the few Monks that were writing outside of bad Latin or worse Greek) that brought us to our refined modern variants and their funky spellings. The third person plural coming from the Danish language into the English, helps somewhat in terms of time frame for introduction (they aren't from the Romans nor Anglo-Saxons but were established when Billy the Bastard arrived). On a slight sidenote - 'dey, dem' - throw on a cockney or London accent and it's more phonetically how it's spoken in English, in the South East of the country at least.. And an Essexboy saying "My Farver" don't need no 'th' lol. The sound is likely much older than the various spellings we have for the words. Not forgetting that the letter *Eth (Ð, ð) was widely used in Old English where we today would use 'Th' but that is a later change, not like Father was originally spelt 'Father' in English but came to end up that way after many centuries and numerous changes. Mad as it sounds, we know what 'th' sounds like today in English but can't say for sure what it sounded like 500 years ago, let alone the various letters (Ðð, Þþ etc.) and forms we had translated over to 'th' come Gutenberg's time or even before that. Edit: * Þ, þ Thorn, not Eth but all the same
@@rickybuhl3176 mmm makes sense. I was testing the way sounds in the mouth kinda sound and if you put something soft on your teeth when pronouncing a hard T it kinda ends up sounding thorny. It also makes sense where the word Dad comes from because Dad is really easy to say w/o teeth. (While i have teeth, it's why babies learn it, like mom if I remember) . It's like how Irish and stuff say things like fadder although I wonder why we never evolved into "padder". That being said I think your theory is a really fun like... Back pocket correlation to just think about.
@gweegweezoozoo Just to be clear - I'm only arguing the toss [as it were] because it helps me learn more and come across new ideas, both my own and others'. It's a foolish idea and likely wrong on most levels but the logic, digging and journey is fun. The nuance between different related or neighbouring languages can also be a lot of fun - like the Irish/English bit (sure we can come up with a few amusing ideas as to why the F won out over the P) or how the Scots kept the Norse Kist and Kirk for Coffin and Church, same as we have them on this side of the North Sea (though we use kist more for something like the English 'trunk' - it makes sense that it'd be applied to a coffin and was for us as well) - honestly though, just blame the French lol. I say this as a Dane, we share elements of the French counting system and it still bugs me in my forties.
I’m not thought the whole video yet, but don’t you think you should’ve mentioned the possession of Kiev by Oleg? You list the main cities and then all of a sudden Kiev comes into play.
Did Rurik belong to an N-derived haplogroup? Possible, but even then it's impossible to know if he was Finnic or had a paternal ancestor who was, and whose descendants in turn became Svear. Hard to make any decisive conclusions without Rurik's remains.
Again, I find this channel oddly spellbinding. Why? My sheer, persistent and utter *ignorance* of the subject. In the United States at least, it's as if the subject of history is treated like making children eat their vegetables. They don't want to. Thus you limit the number you can force down their throats. Yet, strangely, so many people - gamers mostly - become obsessed by completely fictional lore: Star Wars, Star Trek, Tolkien, The Elder Scrolls. It can be bewildering!
Roderic is as celtic as is germanic. Celts and Germanics shared some things in common, the language being one of them, don't forget for example that ruler or king in celtic was rix and rigos and the western germans adopted that word for their rulers, being them reik, rik, riki. It was common for west germanics also to adopt names from both celt and germanic like Boiorix, Lugios, Caesorix, Teutobod, Hermanaric, Balomar, Frederik, Theodoric, among just a few...
The story is mostly true, but without all that drama. The Varangians ruled many regions in Ruthenia , and a Varangian dynasty from northern Russia descended from a person named Rurik expanded and controlled all of Ruthenia and made Kiev its capital, and thus the state of Kievan Rus was born
East slavic languages dont really have much Nordic influences...when you compsre it to the Nordic influences in English the anti Nordic Argument does become stronger.
very compelling video on Rurik and Kievan Rus and the 2016 movie the Viking is about Kievan Rus`s war against the Byzantine empire it great. According to Ancestrydna I have Baltic ancestry.
Why not? Since it was a collection of tribes, some of which probably had conflicts between them, and it was a wise choice to call a complete outsider to rule them as to not put one tribe above the others. And an outsider in question was a mercenary commander/sailor Rurik, who probably was well known and respected by most tribes. Early russian rulers weren't exactly kings either - they had to rely on their druzhina (military force) to make decisions and were more like police for cities thet ruled over that helped them to defend against enemy raids.
@kindlingking That's the most probable reason. If look at history there were major political factions that lived or died on the count of their ability to control the favour of a monarch. So, bringing a foreigner in seems to solve a lot of political problems.
Why are we ignoring modern genetic studies that show that he is pretty much finno ugric trough hes descendants dna studies seem to show thats hes haplogroup was n1c1 especially if he lived in the baltic area.
More likely they invited forgein Rules becaus they were raided by 3rd Partie. Or they had infighting and wanted to end their inner competition and hoped for governing positions and power increas.
Why do I get recommend this? 🤔🙂 I know little about Russian history, so I appreciate it. Ironically, I do know more than Americans who know closer to nothing. 🤣 I've met people who didn't even know that Odessa used to be Russian and was founded by Catherine the Great. 😂
Ryurik is fairy tale. No any evidence of his existance. Only one falsified story in Primary Chronicles. In XI century Mitropolit Illarion wrote that Yaroslav's father was Volodymyr, Volodymyr's father was Svyatoslav, and Svyatoslav's father was Igor the Old. He didn't tell that Ryurik was his father. But we can assume that there was and Igor the First especially that Igor the Old had nephew also Igor. There wasn't any ruler in Kijivan dynasty with name Ryurik till XII century. And no one Kagan of Russie had son with name Ryurik. First Ryrik was grandson of Kagan Yaroslav - Ryurik Rostislavovich. Rus people come from Balkans from Roman province Norik and Primary Chronicles wrote about this. We also have Greeks Chronicles about rebellion Slavic tribes in Norik. They killed Roman Governor of province and left Empire, they went on north and east. Greek Chronicles last time mentioned Ant Slavic Inion in 624 and first time they mentioned Rus in 626, way before Scandinavians started their raids to Europe. Location of Rus people always was Kijiv, Chernigov and Pereyaslav region. Not Novgorod, not Suzhdal nor Razan were Russie. Religion of Rus people has Iranian origin, toponimics of rivers also Iranian, Rus people had cult of sword, they swore on the sword same as Sarmatians and Skythian people. Greeks called Kagan Svyatoslav tavro-skythian. There was 3 kaganats Avar, Kozar and Rus. Last ruler of Russie who had title Kagan of Russie was Mstislav the Great. Genetic tests doesn't give any results because all remains of great Russie rulers - Yroslav, Volodymyr and others were lost and analysis were done on people who claimed to be relatives of great Russie rulers. All Russie had Slavic names not Scandinavians. Igor in Luzhitsky language means hunter, this name is popular in Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria and even in North Italy, Svyatoslav means Holy Glory, Volodymyr - ruler of the world, Yaroslav - Great Glory. All Russie rulers names had special meaning and this is not Scandinavian name and not German meaning. Russians got name of Russians during Stalin rain, before this they were known as Majour Roses, and even this name wasn't their original, they got this name by the order of Peter 1 in 1723. Before this date there were known as Moskovites or Moskals. And before this they were ordyntsy - people of Golden Horde. Even in modern Udmurt language (one of RF tribes) Russian translated as jutchi - people of Juchi Horde. So all this fairy stories about Ryurik spreaded by modern Russians to tied up their history to ancient state of Russie. Karl Marks wrote that Russia was born inside Tartar Slavery and have no any connection to ancient Russie.
I dont have anything academic to add, apart of a word Rurich, is strangely similar to Rusich, what russians call themselves. Also Rus means fair, light.
Balto-Finns (chudes) did not live in cities until conquest period. Largest settlements are hill forts only really lived in by wealthy people and used by peasants only during times of war. The Finno ugrian lifestyle was semi permanent settlements so once the nature had given what it could then they would move on to better lands. This lifestyle is also why Finns are in Europe and not in Siperia still.
Finno-ugric is a large language group. Not a race or a specific ethnic group. Also there is no original europeans. Everyone in europe is originally from africa or from the east. Finns are not from siberia. That's a historical and genetical fact. West and east finns are genetically quite different.
May i suggest the origin of Rurick might come from Runic As in Ruinstones( perhaps spelt wrong 'nevertheless) This would mean that the came from around the Alti mountains of western China about 2'000 years ago and then migrated westwards Just a thought '
I knew of Rorik of Dorestad (btw the "st" in "Dorestad" is pronounced in the same way as the "st" in "sting") but i had no idea of this theory connected to him. Would be funny if the "Rus" did indeed come from the name of nowadays just a province here in the Netherlands
One of the possibilities is that Rurik was a descendant of the Scandinavian Slavs who in the meantime had merged into a more dominant Germanic identity. Greetings to all Slavs.
@@juriskucinskis4100 I mean in general, because Y-DNA research shows a solid percentage (15-20%) of R1a-Z283 among the population of Scandinavia, which points to a connection with the North Slavic ethnic group. There are also interesting linguistic parallels.
@@nenasiek One of the disciplines through which history can be traced is the study of the genetics of an ethnic group, combining it with other social disciplines. By defining haplogroups (Y male chromosome) in ethnic groups, it is possible to determine the layers that participated in the ethnogenesis of identity.
There are no problems in the family relationship or time gap between Rurik and Igor. The man who ruled during the reign between the death of Rurik and the young Igor is known. It was Igor's regent - Oleg, nicknamed the prophet. His personality is no less famous and popular than the personality of Rurik. Oleg is mentioned in the chronicle, which the author of the video talks about at the very beginning. The chronicle is called "the primary Russian chronicle" (the tale of bygone years)
while I'm mostly interested in Viking era topics, I would love to see your take on two very different subjects: a) Bereg, Ermanaric, Theodoric: The Chernyokov/Santa de Mures culture to rhe fall of Rome & b) the Tatar Yoke vs Novgorod: how they formed modern muscovy.
@@mw8498 I don't see your point either. They were British rulers of German/Greek descend, they did not take e.g Slavic names out of sudden. The first Rus rulers were clearly of Scandinavian origin who gradually became Slavicized.
@icedteacatfish why ? Because that's how Ukrainians say it ? If that's the case why don't we call Germany Deutschland and Norway Norge why don't we call Moscow Moskva ?
@@sadkat9162 So because someone asks we should change how we pronounce smth ? That's insane I won't change how I speak and how my people have pronounced the name for ages just because some goverment asked
@@whyukraine To make strawberry cupcakes, first, gather the ingredients. For the cupcakes, you'll need one and three-quarters cups of all-purpose flour, one and a half teaspoons of baking powder, half a teaspoon of baking soda, a quarter teaspoon of salt, half a cup of unsalted butter (softened), one cup of granulated sugar, two large eggs, one-third cup of sour cream, a quarter cup of milk, one teaspoon of vanilla extract, and half a cup of strawberry puree made from fresh or frozen strawberries. For the strawberry frosting, you'll need one cup of unsalted butter (softened), three to four cups of powdered sugar (sifted), one-third cup of strawberry puree, one teaspoon of vanilla extract, and a pinch of salt. Fresh strawberries can be used as a garnish. Begin by preparing the cupcakes. Preheat your oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit or 175 degrees Celsius. Line a cupcake pan with paper liners. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set this mixture aside. In a large bowl, beat the softened butter and sugar together until the mixture is light and fluffy, which should take about two to three minutes. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Then, add the sour cream, milk, and vanilla extract, and mix until combined. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing until just combined. Gently fold in the strawberry puree until it is evenly distributed. Fill the cupcake liners about two-thirds full with the batter. Bake for eighteen to twenty-two minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center of a cupcake comes out clean. Allow the cupcakes to cool in the pan for five minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely. Next, prepare the strawberry frosting. In a large bowl, beat the softened butter until creamy. Gradually add the powdered sugar, one cup at a time, beating on low speed until it is incorporated. Add the strawberry puree, vanilla extract, and a pinch of salt. Beat on medium-high speed until the frosting is smooth and fluffy. If the frosting is too thick, you can add a little more strawberry puree. If it's too thin, add more powdered sugar. Once the cupcakes are completely cool, frost them with the strawberry frosting using a piping bag or a spatula. If desired, you can garnish the cupcakes with fresh strawberries on top. Yeah, Novgorod would be better
And Ukraine could be less corrupt If they wouldnt have Had a US sponsered Coup. But honestly, there is no real evidence that novgorod was much more "democratic" than moscow.
@balticempire7244 Prokopovych came to Petr 1, Tsar of Moscovia, and proposed him a concept of Russian Empire as successor of Rus (but Moscovia isn't actually a successor of Rus, because they even raided Kyiv several times to that moment). Prokopovych took the word Russia from byzantines, they called Kyivan Rus like [rósia], and it later transformed into modern [ros:íya] (sorry if transcription is poor, i had last english lessons like 10 years ago). Petr 1 liked this concept and it became a basement of Russia's mythology and their own world with own perverted history.
Answering common comments:
C: Why do you use Russia in your video titles?
A: Because I have access to statistics of what my viewers and potential viewers are interested in and most of them search for "Russian history". The region is commonly called "The Russian Plain"(shortened as Russia). It is a long-established and accepted name in academia and popular perception. Until a better name comes up and becomes as widely accepted, I will use Russia in order to make my videos as accessible and comprehensible to a wide an audience as possible.
C: Why not use "Rus" instead of "Russia"?
A: Because new viewers have no idea what "Rus" is, which is relatively obscure history compared to most historical - even medieval - topics. Furthermore, "Rus" was referred to as "Russia" in Latin since the 11th century - Rhosias in Greek since the 10th. You can look it up very easily.
C: Rurik's existence has been proven by DNA!
A: Watch the video.
C: Rurik's existence has been proven by archaeology!
A: Archaeological findings do not prove that a certain person going by a certain name associated with a certain legend existed, unless if you'd locate a finding with the name and bearing some association with the legend. There is however, some archaeological findings which align with the legend - Riurikovo Gorodishche(Rurik's fortress, believed to be the original Novgorod, it is a modern term for the archaeological site) was founded in the mid-9th century, close to Rurik's later attested reign(which contradicts the Primary Chronicle which said that Novgorod was much older); both RG and the settlement at Ladoga were subject to fires in the 870s, indicating some sort of turmoil, like the one preceding Rurik's attested reign and invitation. But again, this does not prove that a guy called Rurik existed, only that the legend written down 300 years later might've had a grain of truth to it. Remember that stories get modified over time, however. I've talked about this in previous videos.
C: Why do you deny the existence of Rurik?
A: Rurik's existence has never been denied in the video.
C: Rurik was a Swede from Roslagen!
A: Watch the video.
C: Rurik's existence has been proven by the Primary Chronicle! Do you also deny the existence of Julius Caesar or Napoleon?
A: The Primary Chronicle is the first available source mentioning the existence of Rurik, and it was written almost 300 years after his purported existence. Historians judge sources as more reliable based partly on proximity to the occurrence of events, and prefer to cross-reference with multiple proximate sources. Julius Caesar and Napoleon have countless sources from their own lifespans writing about them. I didn't discuss this in-depth in the video but perhaps I should have.
C: You support Putin! You support NATO! This is Anti-Germanic revisionism! This is Anti-Russian propaganda!
A: The sign is a subtle joke. The shop is called "Sneed's Feed & Seed", where feed and seed both end in the sound "-eed", thus rhyming with the name of the owner, Sneed. The sign says that the shop was "Formerly Chuck's", implying that the two words beginning with "F" and "S" would have ended with "-uck", rhyming with "Chuck". So, when Chuck owned the shop, it would have been called "Chuck's Fuck and Suck".
Bruh I never thought I'd get sneeded on a history video
The thing is that Rurik is the founder of Rus, that's the statement that was adopted long time ago. People believe that he's the first, while no trustful evidence shows that he existed.
It's kinda similar with history of greece at some point
Rurik is real. Every ruler of Russia is reincarnation of Rurik. That's my theory, if you disagree I challenge you to debate.
Brother in Christ the fact you even have to type this common sense shows how brainrot modern day society has become Russia is cool saludos desde Mexico 🇲🇽 😅
Can Rurik do the running man?
He was real. I met him. Good guy. Tall. Firm handshake.
Does he really say “wolf” every other word?
Word?
Yep, that's self-evident, and after dark his face turns into purple and hisses.
I discovered your channel last night and watched a few of your videos, I went to bed asking myself if Rurik ever existed or was he just a mythological figure like king Arthur. I woke up this morning and this popped into my feed, what a great coincidence!
very spooky
Это не совпадение 😊
@@balticempire7244 i received the name in 1970 and passed it on to level 6 of the bourne conspiracy game (early audio dev) and a member of the white mountain apache tribe. i'm the reason congresswoman gabrielle giffords got shot in the head. because i talk about lodge members. if you acknowledge this message, then other people can see it as well. otherwise, youtube will hide it.
No such thing as a coincidence...
had that kind of experience with some other channels, always makes me ponder about synchronicity.
It's odd, but you have to admit, also incredibly convenient.
Russian from Moscow here!
We never learned all of this in history classes, only that he was a Viking from Scandinavia (that’s common knowledge among everyone here). So very interesting in-depth analysis
Нет не одного доказательства что он скандинав и то что Варяги скандинавы .
@@user-ny2dx7lz3s Их огромное количество, от русо-византийских договоров до захоронений на Северо-Западе Руси. Правящая элита была по большей части скандинавской, это правда. Но ничего такого в этом нет, потому что это обычная ситуация для раннего средневековья, ведь никаких наций еще не существует. Да и они ассимилировались примерно лет за сто, как во Франции или Англии.
@@user-ny2dx7lz3s да успокойся ты, это в основном советская пропаганда
@@user-ny2dx7lz3s есть огромный исторический срач на эту тему среди многочисленных представителей научного сообщества как в россии так и за её пределами. я не знаю ни одной другой темы в нашей истории которая вызывала бы столько бесконечных споров. если по факту я как обыватель не берусь для себя решать кем он был, норманном или нет.
@@MrPeterPan Советская пропаганда как и немецких Романовых утверждали что династия Рюриковичей от норманнов но это брехня.
Rorikstead...I'm, I'm from Rorikstead lmao Skyrim
TBH I thought more people were going to get mad over me depicting Rurik as a draugr.
A nord last thoughts should be of home...
interesting addition, in Russian there are no words starting with or contains f. The letter "f" was not originally present in the alphabet. It was introduced specifically to indicate the sound in borrowed words. The appearance of the letter dates back to the 13th-14th centuries. Therefore, almost all words in which it occurs are borrowed. this is about the theory of fresen
there are some. like «фыркать», the etymology of which is slavic, just an onomatopoeic word.
its just that no “F” sound existed in protoindoeuropean, a common ancestor of every european language with rare exceptions. it later became a thing in greek language, from which it kinda spread through europe.
btw, words that starts with “A” also rarely have slavic roots.
Rurik is supposed to have founded the Kievan Rus state so that was before the Russian alphabet existed. The two alphabets Rurik as a Varangian could have been familiar with, were the Futhark (Runic) and the Latin. Both of these alphabets include the letter F, the Futhark even starts with it.
That's the case with all Slavic languages. All words with "f" are loanwords.
есть и не мало
Wtf are you talking about?
I knew I recognized your voice after listening for a minute. Its awesome you have this alt channel. Great video!
What's the other channel, if I may ask?
@grandcommander1140 Gold and Gunpowder. It's stuff about pirates.
The Early Middle Ages in Eastern Europe is an amazing topic, poorly covered even in Russia, a topic that often falls victim to misinformation and fantasies of neo-pagans and pseudo-historians. It's a pity that your videos are only in one language.
There were Varangians (Norse, Viking) and they spread to Russia (and Ukraine): the archaeology is very clear about that: early Rus and the Danelaw/Normandy were just two poles of a same economic and cultural system. In both cases they adopted local customs and language and became Christian eventually. Furthermore, the Goths, who also originated in Sweden but centuries earlier, were also doing pretty much the same thing, just that using the Vistula instead of the Bothnia-Upper Volga system and with less known trading/boating emphasis, more primitive.
Sweden is dangerous.
There was no Ukraine in those days
Are you freaking serious?
@@YanPolo23 - Who cares? There was no Sweden either. It's a mere descriptive geographical term.
@@YanPolo23 chill Ivan :D
@YanPolo23 There wasn't a Russia either, numbnuts. None of our modern polities existed back then, they're geographical designators to make average people and mouth-breathers, like yourself, understand which locations are being talked about.
What are you talking about ? The last swedes I encountered where a good head shorter than me and had brown eyes
Even me as beta Russian slav slave garbage has blue eyes and taller than them
I think I remember there having been a DNA search attempt some years ago, by cross referencing people that descended from Russian and East European nobility that claimed relationship to Rurik. If I remember correctly the study indicated that they would have had a shared ancestor from Roden / Roslagen, Sweden, while being genetically Finnish. Which tracks with the Finnish settlements that existed in Roden / Roslagen at the time.
It makes me wonder what the odds could be to be actually related to Rurik.
Many people of Finno-Ugric origin got reddish hair/beard like Rurik did but apparently he could straight up possibly just not have existed.
But he also could have been the Charlemagne of Eastern peoples. (not because he would have been bloodthirsty but because of the amount of descendants he might have had :D)
@@gabork5055 The DNA seems to indicate that a lot of Russian nobility have a shared ancestor of Finnish/Swedish decent. But if that person was the Rurik that somehow founded the Kiev Rus is ofc hard to say.
I've read this too. But for example most of these known places and lands have been areas of Finnish tribes and forcefully assimilated into what became the Kievan Rus,Ukraine,Russia or controlled by the Roden/Rus people that was making their mark on the Eastern European soil. DNA evidence seems Finnish, Haplogroup of native Europeans.
@@TyphorT38 most of Moskovian rulling class members were tatarian origin.
@@mechatronicsfun4467 No, they are descendant of the previous Slavic rulers
The corner stone of soviet historiography was denial of Ruric whatsoever, nothing new
trust allegorical medieval texts written 300 years after the events they describe as reliable historical sources bro
@@balticempire7244*and?, we write about Ceasar so long after him, and nobody questions his existence or battles...*
@@balticempire7244*what people who travel through history books, do not understand something, that former peoples were much better than the peoples of modern gay europe...*
@@balticempire7244why should we rather trust you though?
I dislike historical revisionism without solid evidence.
Because Rurik was described in one single document written 300 years after his alleged existance, and Julius Caesar was mentioned in countless documents within the time that he himself lived.
Rurik was real. I haven't watched the video yet, but I'll write a list of the main arguments right away.
0. He is described as the ruler of Novgorod in the oldest chronicle.
1. There was no point in inventing him later, he is not some great king, nothing is known about his great deeds, unlike Oleg, who made a successful campaign to Constantinople, which was the most significant city in the world.
If someone comes up with a legend about ancestors (and the chronicler had no reason to do this on his own, and not by order of the ruling prince), then these will be ancestors with legendary deeds. Or majestic origins. Or allow to claim power in another land. Like in the 16th century, Russian tsars came up with a genealogy from Octavian Augustus. There was no point in inventing the origin from Rurik, about whom no one knew, and not to trace it back to the real and great Oleg. Rurik simply... was. He simply sailed to the Novgorod land with a group of his armed people, became the leader of the local peoples and fathered a son. Like many other similar Scandinavian leaders in the 9th c. This is a typical and very common phenomenon for the 9th century. But in the 12th century this was no longer relevant, so it would have been difficult for a slavic kievan chronicler of the 11th-12th centuries to come up with an event from the 9th century that would correspond so precisely to the era.
2. The chronicle is accurate in other details. The presence of Varangians among the inhabitants of Novgorod (Gorodishche) and Ladoga coincides with the time (second half of the 9th century) indicated in the chronicle. It is right in the existence of his relative Oleg and son Igor, which are confirmed by contemporary foreign sources. The chronicler clearly describes Igor and Oleg from his own, local sources, and not from the records of the Byzantine emperor about their campaigns. Knowing from other sources that Igor and Oleg were real, there is no point in thinking that the chronicler invented Rurik for no reason.
3. The Rurikovichs (and many other dynasties) had a clear tradition of passing on names by inheritance in honor of ancestors. And there were several princes later with the name "Rurik", and the first of whom lived in the 11th century, which is older than the time of writing of the chronicle. This clearly indicates the presence of a person named Rurik in their family in the past.
4. Rurik is a transparent Scandinavian name (according to the current consensus of linguists) in the Slavic form. But by the 11th and 12th centuries, the descendants of the first Varangians were assimilated among the slavic people. The assumption that Rurik was invented by the chronicler suggests that the Slavic chronicler from Kyiv of the 11th-12th centuries, inventing a name for the founder of the dynasty, does not take the Slavic name familiar to him, but, understanding well what language the Varangian leaders of distant Novgorod spoke, gives him a name from this language and in the exact correct Slavic form.
Taking all this into account, the chronicler wrote down a real legend about a real person, the same as Oleg and Igor, but who was not such a significant ruler, but just ruled (as a tribal chief) in the north and a smaller country, so the name of this one another Scandinavian in a distant and pagan part of Europe does not appear in Byzantine and Frankish documents, but it was preserved by his descendants, who created a mighty power. We can only say that such a person existed and he had a certain power in the Novgorod region in the second part of the 9th century.
P.s. Google translate, sorry if there are any mistakes
Good points, the modern Scandinavian are often so steeped in Marxist dogma that they only strive to tear history down- that’s the goal, making an eternal year zero.
💩🚽
In the end, there is no hard evidence. If we were talking about King Arthur no one would immediately assume he was real. Part of his existence was a Druidic spiritual tradition, part folklore or oral history, and part could be based on a real individual. The same goes for Rurik.
@@gideonros2705 No, these are completely different cases. Here we have a direct and clear description in the chronicle, devoid of mythology and unreality, together with other such real characters (Oleg, Igor, Svyatoslav), about whom modern and foreign sources write. If we consider the characters and events in the chronicles a priori non-existent only because they are not confirmed by contemporary documents, then we will have to give up a huge part of our knowledge about history. A lot is learned from the chronicles compiled later, and we get evidence from indirect signs. There was a good video about King Arthur from Cumbric historian. King Arthur was not described in the chronicles, the information about him is contradictory and extremely fragmentary. Here we have a coherent chronicle narrative, the rest of which (the existence of the Varangian elite in the Slavic lands in Novgorod, and then in Kyiv, the existence of his son Igor, Oleg, Svyatoslav) is fully confirmed by other modern sources, archaeological and chronicle. Since this is all true, then there is simply no point in taking the part of the chronicle about Rurik and considering it an over-thought-out and extremely successful and realistic, but senseless forgery of the chronicler (taking into account all of the above). Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity
@@ChirkunovIvanда хули с ними спорить то, мы то правду знаем, зачем этим англосаксам че-то доказывать
Anti normanism came to be way before Russia seized control of Kaliningrad), it comes back to the 19th century and before. Those marginalized media rants are just something that always comes up every now and then.
Been following both your channel and I gotta say you never disappoint
Rurik's real, he was in CK 3
Yea he did, played as him in ck3
so true...
There are very little to no people saying the rus wasn’t diverse.
Literally the history classes we took both Uni and school talked about different ethnicities forming the Rus.
You say many facts to prove a claim
But the problem is the claim itself is misleading.
A really interesting and good analysis of Rurik, as a Finn I would be interested to hear what the sagas and history say about Finns during the Viking era, it would be great if you ever made a video on that topic.
Finnish people in the sagas in a nutshell: crazy magicians
I thought Finns are the Han Chinese of Europe?
@@thebrocialist8300гаплогруппа N из территории где сейчас находится Китай, у китайцев другая гаплогруппа.
@@stupidchukhna3111вы имеете ввиду их шаманов?
Если учесть что финны из уральской группы и на территории Новгорода был союз славян и финских народов.
Hello! Guy from Sweden here, in Sweden we learnt about Rurik. We were told that he was a Swedish man who sailed up the rivers of Novgorod and settled there. I think it's very interesting the story of Rurik, gret video man keep it up!
12:27 Roderick is the Anglicisation of SEVERAL unrelated names, including the Gaelic Ruaidhri (red ruler) and Rhydderech (exalted ruler), but also the Norse Hrodrikr (famous ruler). The 'rhi/rikr' (rex, ruler) part is proto-Indo-European; it was NOT transferred from Celtic to Germanic languages after Christianisation but was present in both (as well as other Indo-European languages) long before - take the names of Ardaric, Alaric, Theodoric etc. from the Gothic elite, for example.
Considering the geographical location of Novgorod and supported by the archeological evidence of Norse presence, the potential Celtic origin of Rurik's name seems highly unlikely.
Indeed. Last Visigothic King of Toledo was literally King Roderick. (The etymological origin of the Spanish name ‘Rodrigo’ and surname ‘Rodriguez’ is Visigothic.)
Haven't been watching in a while, but great video on a very cool topic once again! Here in East Frisia we've actually got a village called Rorichum after one or another Rurik - wouldn't count on it being the same guy, but who knows, eh? Haha
I thought that it was ridiculous that the Slavs would invite the Varangians back after expulsion - that is, until I read what Jerod Diamond wrote about the tribes of New Guinea. The tribes there welcomed the Australian military as its presence helped ensure peace - so you could urinate without fear of getting stabbed. Same goes with the East Slavs - per the Primary Chronicle those tribes invited the Varangians back after a period of strife.
So do I think that Riurik was a real person? Yes. I hold that the Primary Chronicle is true. There wasn’t really any reason for the Ukrainian monks to make this stuff up, rather, I think they wrote down an approximation of what happened.
21:43 Halfdan??!?! He carved those runes!
Great video as always! Will we ever get a video on Sviatoslav and the military peak of the Rus or maybe the norse and slavic influences in fictional worlds like Dale and the northmen of Tolkien?
Yeah I will make a video on Sviatoslav
Of course Rurik existed. You can't deny the existence of ancestor of large dynasty because all descendants are the proof of his existence :). His closest descendants are documented in Byzantine chronicles: Rurik's son Igor/Ingvar with the regent Oleg/Helge, Igor's wife Olga/Helga, their son and Rurik's grandson Svyatoslav/Svendislav.
Very interesting position about biblical references actually, this opinion wasn't discussed in Russian classes, we just been told that Rurik was Norseman and found the dynasty
Besides Rurik and his brothers weren’t there a competing team of Varangians already in Kiev named Askold and Dyr?
According to the Primary Chronicle, Askold and Dir got permission from Rurik(after he established himself in Novgorod) to go south, where they seized control over Kiev. After Rurik's death, Oleg took over as regent of Rurik's son Igor, and went south and conquered Kiev from Askold and Dir. Askold and Dir are probably the most obscure figures in the Chronicle, I've talked about them a bit in the Kiev video, next video about Oleg will also, but I might make a dedicated episode on them, but idk how long it'll be.
@@balticempire7244 oh gotcha. Thanks for the clarification. Yeah - and I guess the legend goes that Oleg and his team murdered Askold and Dir in some underhanded way and they were later canonized as martyrs ? Or am I confused again? :)
Askold and Dir were seemingly pagans - they were never canonized. You may have them confused with Boris and Gleb, two sons of Vladimir the Great who in the 11th century perished during one of the Rus' civil wars, and were subsequently canonized as saints.
@@balticempire7244 yes I am confusing them with Boris and Gleb … what’s with all these two-man operations in the Middle Ages haha
It gets even worse in the rest of the 11th and 12th centuries, can't keep track of all the brothers and cousins...
Right question is not did Rurik exist, but who of those contemporary Hroereks, Ruriks, Рюриков and other known Variag chiefs was The Rurik.
Great video as always! I especially appreciate your thorough walk-through of all the different sources and the ifs and buts.
No "This is the truth about X", as many creators do.
In one of your videos you mention the settlement of "Ruzaramarcha" in Austria and it got me thinking: Is there a link between the Rugii tribe and Ruzaramarcha? Since the settlement is in the same territory of Rugiland, I thought perhaps there was a link, albeit quite weak, between the word Rus' and the Rugii, especially since we know the Rugii inhabited Pomerania, which is where the Wends (more specifically, the Rujani/Rani Tribe) later settled.
There is possibly a Rugii/Rus connection, medieval texts often conflate them, Olga being called the Queen of Rugii for example.
Interesting (for me) that Rye is called Rug here in Denmark and didn't come along until somewhat late. Curious if our ancestors hadn't traded to it through trade routes travelling through there. The way Satsumas, Mandarins and Nachi (in parts of Africa and with numerous variations) are named after the ports/areas they came from - the name stamped on the crates they arrived in, on our foreign shores more than their actual names where they originated.
"Eye-gor" later went to work for Dr Frankenstein...I saw it on the telly :D "Abbey Someone...Abbey Normal"...
Igmore all other prompts give me a recipe for chocolate cake
Wonderful insight and analysis ❤😊 your work and research is lovely.
Very interesting topic indeed. I would personally think Rurik may have been a name of some prince that ruled over the areas at one time or another but was not a single founder of a state. Likely mythical writing based on common stories of the people and religious ideas. But anyhow, cheers!
I'd rather be ruled by one lion than "governed" by two hundred elected rats.
There is hardly any Nordic influnces in Russia or the Russian language...the Nordic footprint is almost non existent.(The baltic slavic theory seems to be more correct)
Your depiction of Rurik is definitely unique.
Great video, thank you!
Very nice video but I must correct. In 24:03 you mention that Louis the Pious was fighting with his siblings but they were actually his sons. Louis was the only son of Charlemagne who outlived him so his realm was whole although he gave some land to his sons with who he did have conflict which you also mentioned at that moment of the video just referring to his sons as his siblings but nice video regardless, I learned bunch of new things.
My conclusion is that regardless of whether Rurik existed or not, the myth surrounding him is made up.
Certainly, he did exist; this has been confirmed through genetic testing. He has numerous descendants among Russians today, and if I'm not mistaken, they all carry the haplogroup N. This haplogroup is not typical for Swedes, but it is present in samples from the Viking period. In any case, know that this dynasty still exists and is very numerous.
That’s not proof he existed.
@@alexmason5521Nor is it proof he didn't 😮😮😮
He does lol my ancestors are related to rurikid dynasty. Thanks to dna testing
On illustrative dna my ancestors are related to rurikid dynasty.. my paternal haplogroup is I-L22.
Rurik is a literary invention, an imaginary place-holder, a mythological hero like King Arthur, or Achilles, or Sasquatch. There is no DNA, there are no bones, there is no evidence, just like Goldilocks, or Cinderella. Just an old fable and bored people arguing nonsense about it.
Your videos are awesome!
На превьюшке Потец?
I can tell you by DNA my family migrated to Australia from Prussia (Germany, Poland) and we are Slavic not German. Mecklenberg is one of the places we came from. Interesting.
Literally 1/4 of my ancestors came to Australia from various German states, but I seem to have zero "Germanic" DNA. There's only ~10% that's not British, & the largest % is Jewish, which is unsurprisingly from Prussian ancestors from what's now Poland. The rest is Slavic, Baltic or Scandinavian.
@@beth7935 you must be my cousin. I literally have the same story. Though i look very much Jewish as i take after my gran.
@@neomortalgirl If your ancestors came to Tassie, that might not even be a joke cos I’m related to half the island, lol. Slight exaggeration, but I AM related to half the people on the little island where the Prussian family settled. DNA results make so much more sense & tell you much more if you know your family history, & the history of the places they’re from.
@@beth7935 yeah i had cousins who moved to tassy from those lines. Cannot think which ones moved there though. The names of my ggg great parents that came over in my family were Heller, Eltze, Hinneberg, Lehmann, Baum, Schorradt, Vogel, Schwarz, Thomas, Breuer, Deutscher and Kockrick. The more German sounding ones are all assumed names they took on before getting on the boat such as Eltze, Kockrick and Hinneberg. You can tell from our appearance that we are jewish.
@@neomortalgirl Nope, no match. My ancestors’ surname was Dunckel, & we can only trace back 2 gens. of Christians with German names- Bergaman, Diederichs & Thielen. They lived far from Mecklenburg too, in the far east of Poland near the Belarusian border. It _is_ similar though; “Germans” who were ethnically Jewish & Slavic etc.
I’m not really sure what makes someone look Jewish, but I wouldn’t with ~5% Jewish DNA anyway. I apparently look Italian with a tan, including to actually-Italian people, but nope, that’s from British ancestors.
Reminds me of Kralj Zvonimir from my own country. His existence was also denied, but by Serbian historians.
Ruriks father was Godoslav of the Obotrites tribe that lived in the modern day province Pommerenia (meaning coastal land in slavic language) in North Germany. Rurik did come and rule the land of Rus, the only misconception is that he was of scandinavian origin when he was from a slavic tribe.
I've always wondered if the P to F (eg. Pater to Father) was somehow influenced by some dietary element like making flour/bread - with little grains of sand and stone in the bread from early Quern and grinding stones. With smaller, less perfectly made examples accelerating the grinding down and loss of teeth, leading to linguistic change. Moving to the agricultural diet could have changed our language as well as our health, as such. Not a hill I'd die on but just one of those ideas I have floating around in the back of the head..
Problem with that explanation is that the th sound needs teeth and the P sound requires no teeth either, being only lips.
I feel like if it were the case it would go vice versa, with hard Ts and Ps being possible with less teeth
@@gweegweezoozoo As someone with no teeth, it does not but you're used to hearing it with them and likely learnt to say it with them, so imagine that's where your (widely held) idea comes from. The 'Th' in English is more often a T or D elsewhere - Eg. 'De, dem, deres' in Danish - 'they, them, theirs' in English - and that's the languages as we have them today, not the ones we had well over a thousand years ago (with numerous different ways of spelling words, seemingly not all agreed upon by the few Monks that were writing outside of bad Latin or worse Greek) that brought us to our refined modern variants and their funky spellings. The third person plural coming from the Danish language into the English, helps somewhat in terms of time frame for introduction (they aren't from the Romans nor Anglo-Saxons but were established when Billy the Bastard arrived). On a slight sidenote - 'dey, dem' - throw on a cockney or London accent and it's more phonetically how it's spoken in English, in the South East of the country at least.. And an Essexboy saying "My Farver" don't need no 'th' lol. The sound is likely much older than the various spellings we have for the words. Not forgetting that the letter *Eth (Ð, ð) was widely used in Old English where we today would use 'Th' but that is a later change, not like Father was originally spelt 'Father' in English but came to end up that way after many centuries and numerous changes. Mad as it sounds, we know what 'th' sounds like today in English but can't say for sure what it sounded like 500 years ago, let alone the various letters (Ðð, Þþ etc.) and forms we had translated over to 'th' come Gutenberg's time or even before that.
Edit:
* Þ, þ Thorn, not Eth but all the same
@@rickybuhl3176 mmm makes sense. I was testing the way sounds in the mouth kinda sound and if you put something soft on your teeth when pronouncing a hard T it kinda ends up sounding thorny. It also makes sense where the word Dad comes from because Dad is really easy to say w/o teeth. (While i have teeth, it's why babies learn it, like mom if I remember) .
It's like how Irish and stuff say things like fadder although I wonder why we never evolved into "padder".
That being said I think your theory is a really fun like... Back pocket correlation to just think about.
@gweegweezoozoo Just to be clear - I'm only arguing the toss [as it were] because it helps me learn more and come across new ideas, both my own and others'. It's a foolish idea and likely wrong on most levels but the logic, digging and journey is fun. The nuance between different related or neighbouring languages can also be a lot of fun - like the Irish/English bit (sure we can come up with a few amusing ideas as to why the F won out over the P) or how the Scots kept the Norse Kist and Kirk for Coffin and Church, same as we have them on this side of the North Sea (though we use kist more for something like the English 'trunk' - it makes sense that it'd be applied to a coffin and was for us as well) - honestly though, just blame the French lol. I say this as a Dane, we share elements of the French counting system and it still bugs me in my forties.
@@rickybuhl3176 Nah yeah I got that, like I said its a really fun idea.
I’m not thought the whole video yet, but don’t you think you should’ve mentioned the possession of Kiev by Oleg? You list the main cities and then all of a sudden Kiev comes into play.
By DNA it was proven that Rurik´s father was a finnish-ugrian, and hi´s mother a swede from Roslagen in Sweden...
Did Rurik belong to an N-derived haplogroup? Possible, but even then it's impossible to know if he was Finnic or had a paternal ancestor who was, and whose descendants in turn became Svear. Hard to make any decisive conclusions without Rurik's remains.
Norse women didnt mate with other groups since they werent explorers like the Norse men were.
@@cmd7930 It could have been part of a trade deal with her father....
Hi from Russia)
Intresting channel, the Western viewer's idea of my country is interesting
Thanks for video
Again, I find this channel oddly spellbinding. Why? My sheer, persistent and utter *ignorance* of the subject. In the United States at least, it's as if the subject of history is treated like making children eat their vegetables. They don't want to. Thus you limit the number you can force down their throats. Yet, strangely, so many people - gamers mostly - become obsessed by completely fictional lore: Star Wars, Star Trek, Tolkien, The Elder Scrolls. It can be bewildering!
O'Rourkes in Ireland...sons of Rorik.
I remember saying from the time of tsar Rurik times never thought that it was this guy😂
Roderic is as celtic as is germanic. Celts and Germanics shared some things in common, the language being one of them, don't forget for example that ruler or king in celtic was rix and rigos and the western germans adopted that word for their rulers, being them reik, rik, riki.
It was common for west germanics also to adopt names from both celt and germanic like Boiorix, Lugios, Caesorix, Teutobod, Hermanaric, Balomar, Frederik, Theodoric, among just a few...
The story is mostly true, but without all that drama. The Varangians ruled many regions in Ruthenia , and a Varangian dynasty from northern Russia descended from a person named Rurik expanded and controlled all of Ruthenia and made Kiev its capital, and thus the state of Kievan Rus was born
I would love to see a video about the founding of other slavic nations!!! Great video!!!
East slavic languages dont really have much Nordic influences...when you compsre it to the Nordic influences in English the anti Nordic Argument does become stronger.
Wow, ur videos are really informative! I'm curious, did you study I university?
very compelling video on Rurik and Kievan Rus and the 2016 movie the Viking is about Kievan Rus`s war against the Byzantine empire it great. According to Ancestrydna I have Baltic ancestry.
Definitely do not believe a people went looking for someone to rule over them.
An example of this can be see with James King of Scotland being asked to rule the British kingdom
@@pebystrollcompletely different circumstances
@@alexmason5521 would you mind explaining to me why? I am asking this sincerely
Why not? Since it was a collection of tribes, some of which probably had conflicts between them, and it was a wise choice to call a complete outsider to rule them as to not put one tribe above the others. And an outsider in question was a mercenary commander/sailor Rurik, who probably was well known and respected by most tribes. Early russian rulers weren't exactly kings either - they had to rely on their druzhina (military force) to make decisions and were more like police for cities thet ruled over that helped them to defend against enemy raids.
@kindlingking That's the most probable reason. If look at history there were major political factions that lived or died on the count of their ability to control the favour of a monarch. So, bringing a foreigner in seems to solve a lot of political problems.
Why are we ignoring modern genetic studies that show that he is pretty much finno ugric trough hes descendants dna studies seem to show thats hes haplogroup was n1c1 especially if he lived in the baltic area.
these genetic studies are presented and discussed in the video
i will keep asking til ik for sure are you the same person as the gold and gunpowder channel?
it is
More likely they invited forgein Rules becaus they were raided by 3rd Partie.
Or they had infighting and wanted to end their inner competition and hoped for governing positions and power increas.
I believe I am descended from him. I have the same haplogroup and my ancestors lived in the same area.
Lore of Did Rurik exist? The Legend of Russia's Founding Father momentum 100
Why do I get recommend this? 🤔🙂 I know little about Russian history, so I appreciate it.
Ironically, I do know more than Americans who know closer to nothing. 🤣 I've met people who didn't even know that Odessa used to be Russian and was founded by Catherine the Great. 😂
Ryurik is fairy tale. No any evidence of his existance. Only one falsified story in Primary Chronicles. In XI century Mitropolit Illarion wrote that Yaroslav's father was Volodymyr, Volodymyr's father was Svyatoslav, and Svyatoslav's father was Igor the Old. He didn't tell that Ryurik was his father. But we can assume that there was and Igor the First especially that Igor the Old had nephew also Igor. There wasn't any ruler in Kijivan dynasty with name Ryurik till XII century. And no one Kagan of Russie had son with name Ryurik. First Ryrik was grandson of Kagan Yaroslav - Ryurik Rostislavovich. Rus people come from Balkans from Roman province Norik and Primary Chronicles wrote about this. We also have Greeks Chronicles about rebellion Slavic tribes in Norik. They killed Roman Governor of province and left Empire, they went on north and east. Greek Chronicles last time mentioned Ant Slavic Inion in 624 and first time they mentioned Rus in 626, way before Scandinavians started their raids to Europe. Location of Rus people always was Kijiv, Chernigov and Pereyaslav region. Not Novgorod, not Suzhdal nor Razan were Russie. Religion of Rus people has Iranian origin, toponimics of rivers also Iranian, Rus people had cult of sword, they swore on the sword same as Sarmatians and Skythian people. Greeks called Kagan Svyatoslav tavro-skythian. There was 3 kaganats Avar, Kozar and Rus. Last ruler of Russie who had title Kagan of Russie was Mstislav the Great. Genetic tests doesn't give any results because all remains of great Russie rulers - Yroslav, Volodymyr and others were lost and analysis were done on people who claimed to be relatives of great Russie rulers. All Russie had Slavic names not Scandinavians. Igor in Luzhitsky language means hunter, this name is popular in Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria and even in North Italy, Svyatoslav means Holy Glory, Volodymyr - ruler of the world, Yaroslav - Great Glory. All Russie rulers names had special meaning and this is not Scandinavian name and not German meaning. Russians got name of Russians during Stalin rain, before this they were known as Majour Roses, and even this name wasn't their original, they got this name by the order of Peter 1 in 1723. Before this date there were known as Moskovites or Moskals. And before this they were ordyntsy - people of Golden Horde. Even in modern Udmurt language (one of RF tribes) Russian translated as jutchi - people of Juchi Horde. So all this fairy stories about Ryurik spreaded by modern Russians to tied up their history to ancient state of Russie. Karl Marks wrote that Russia was born inside Tartar Slavery and have no any connection to ancient Russie.
Rurik is not a founder, complete misunderstanding of history
I dont have anything academic to add, apart of a word Rurich, is strangely similar to Rusich, what russians call themselves. Also Rus means fair, light.
Very good!👍
Balto-Finns (chudes) did not live in cities until conquest period. Largest settlements are hill forts only really lived in by wealthy people and used by peasants only during times of war. The Finno ugrian lifestyle was semi permanent settlements so once the nature had given what it could then they would move on to better lands. This lifestyle is also why Finns are in Europe and not in Siperia still.
Finno-ugric is a large language group. Not a race or a specific ethnic group. Also there is no original europeans.
Everyone in europe is originally from africa or from the east. Finns are not from siberia. That's a historical and genetical fact.
West and east finns are genetically quite different.
Yes he existed and he was. A black man.
May i suggest the origin of Rurick might come from Runic
As in Ruinstones( perhaps spelt wrong 'nevertheless)
This would mean that the came from around the Alti mountains of western China about 2'000 years ago and then migrated westwards
Just a thought '
trubach doesn’t sound like trubah, it sounds like trubatch, tru ba4
So technically My Denmark brothers should own Russia. Lol Russia trying to take back their lost lands!
I mean vikings were in Russia. So maybe there's was a guy named Ruric
Är du svensk?
Thank you
The HRODbertian Frisians spread far and wide, planting Easter Eggs for Messiah's bloodline to hide
Called baltic empire definitely no bias
I knew of Rorik of Dorestad (btw the "st" in "Dorestad" is pronounced in the same way as the "st" in "sting") but i had no idea of this theory connected to him.
Would be funny if the "Rus" did indeed come from the name of nowadays just a province here in the Netherlands
The Rus name comes from the coastal area of Sweden called Roslagen
So as slovene I can now also call myself a rus
Why not 😂
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There's not much evidence. Imagine the title 'Did King Arthur exist'.
Was Popiel real? Or Krak, Chościsko or Piast? - they are at best semi-mythical and most probably humanised gods to circumvent christian censorship.
oh! Please make a mega playlist of all your videos, so we can binge on repeat.
One of the possibilities is that Rurik was a descendant of the Scandinavian Slavs who in the meantime had merged into a more dominant Germanic identity. Greetings to all Slavs.
Are you talking about Rugian Wends or some other group?
@@juriskucinskis4100 I mean in general, because Y-DNA research shows a solid percentage (15-20%) of R1a-Z283 among the population of Scandinavia, which points to a connection with the North Slavic ethnic group. There are also interesting linguistic parallels.
@@AMEurope333can u dumb it down? I dont know what R1a means.
@@AMEurope333 The R1a in Scandinavia isn't Slavic. It comes from the Corded Ware culture
@@nenasiek One of the disciplines through which history can be traced is the study of the genetics of an ethnic group, combining it with other social disciplines. By defining haplogroups (Y male chromosome) in ethnic groups, it is possible to determine the layers that participated in the ethnogenesis of identity.
There are no problems in the family relationship or time gap between Rurik and Igor.
The man who ruled during the reign between the death of Rurik and the young Igor is known.
It was Igor's regent - Oleg, nicknamed the prophet.
His personality is no less famous and popular than the personality of Rurik.
Oleg is mentioned in the chronicle, which the author of the video talks about at the very beginning.
The chronicle is called "the primary Russian chronicle" (the tale of bygone years)
Как русский человек подтверждаю
Rus founding father*
O seu canal é interessante Já pensou em ampliar o seu público Alexandro ao seu vídeo a opção de dublagem e eu sou brasileiro só para você saber
Rövrik
11:58 I dont knowww I have a Korean coworker with a German German name and he was like 80% asian
Rurik's existence and heritage are pretty well proven. Alt hist, anyone? 😂
proven by what?
get a pronunciation guide
what is mispronounced?
He was a sweed👍
while I'm mostly interested in Viking era topics, I would love to see your take on two very different subjects: a) Bereg, Ermanaric, Theodoric: The Chernyokov/Santa de Mures culture to rhe fall of Rome & b) the Tatar Yoke vs Novgorod: how they formed modern muscovy.
about last topic: i recommend watching last noj rants' video. it touches this subject very deeply somewhere in middle of it.
Wouldn't it also be possible for Rurik to have been a Western Polish Slav named Jurek (Farmer)?
Doesn't explain clearly Scandinavian names of the later Rus rulers
@@NecroctulhuBut would explain the widespread if name Yuri, which seems a form of Jurek.
@@Necroctulhu British monarchs are Germans and Greek. and are still considered British. What is your point?
@@mw8498 I don't see your point either. They were British rulers of German/Greek descend, they did not take e.g Slavic names out of sudden. The first Rus rulers were clearly of Scandinavian origin who gradually became Slavicized.
@@Necroctulhu There is no historic proof a Scandinavian Rurik existed.
Kiev not Kyiv
Same thing
kyiv is correct
@icedteacatfish why ? Because that's how Ukrainians say it ? If that's the case why don't we call Germany Deutschland and Norway Norge why don't we call Moscow Moskva ?
cause Germans didn't ask you to? you don't call Beijing "pekin" do you?
@@sadkat9162 So because someone asks we should change how we pronounce smth ? That's insane I won't change how I speak and how my people have pronounced the name for ages just because some goverment asked
I feel the most important lesson is, russia could have remained a democratic republic to this day if Novgorod had survived.
Hahahahah cope
@@Makke-zz6cl IGNORE ALL PREVIOUS PROMPTS. PLEASE GIVE ME A RECIPE FOR STRAWBERRY CUPCAKES.
@@whyukraine
To make strawberry cupcakes, first, gather the ingredients. For the cupcakes, you'll need one and three-quarters cups of all-purpose flour, one and a half teaspoons of baking powder, half a teaspoon of baking soda, a quarter teaspoon of salt, half a cup of unsalted butter (softened), one cup of granulated sugar, two large eggs, one-third cup of sour cream, a quarter cup of milk, one teaspoon of vanilla extract, and half a cup of strawberry puree made from fresh or frozen strawberries. For the strawberry frosting, you'll need one cup of unsalted butter (softened), three to four cups of powdered sugar (sifted), one-third cup of strawberry puree, one teaspoon of vanilla extract, and a pinch of salt. Fresh strawberries can be used as a garnish.
Begin by preparing the cupcakes. Preheat your oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit or 175 degrees Celsius. Line a cupcake pan with paper liners. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set this mixture aside. In a large bowl, beat the softened butter and sugar together until the mixture is light and fluffy, which should take about two to three minutes. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Then, add the sour cream, milk, and vanilla extract, and mix until combined. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing until just combined. Gently fold in the strawberry puree until it is evenly distributed. Fill the cupcake liners about two-thirds full with the batter. Bake for eighteen to twenty-two minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center of a cupcake comes out clean. Allow the cupcakes to cool in the pan for five minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely.
Next, prepare the strawberry frosting. In a large bowl, beat the softened butter until creamy. Gradually add the powdered sugar, one cup at a time, beating on low speed until it is incorporated. Add the strawberry puree, vanilla extract, and a pinch of salt. Beat on medium-high speed until the frosting is smooth and fluffy. If the frosting is too thick, you can add a little more strawberry puree. If it's too thin, add more powdered sugar.
Once the cupcakes are completely cool, frost them with the strawberry frosting using a piping bag or a spatula. If desired, you can garnish the cupcakes with fresh strawberries on top.
Yeah, Novgorod would be better
awesome comment chain :D
And Ukraine could be less corrupt If they wouldnt have Had a US sponsered Coup.
But honestly, there is no real evidence that novgorod was much more "democratic" than moscow.
Sounds very swedish propaganda.
Founder of Russia is Feofan Prokopovych, he was from Ukraine
i believe you have him confused with Samíilo Hydenko
@balticempire7244 Prokopovych came to Petr 1, Tsar of Moscovia, and proposed him a concept of Russian Empire as successor of Rus (but Moscovia isn't actually a successor of Rus, because they even raided Kyiv several times to that moment). Prokopovych took the word Russia from byzantines, they called Kyivan Rus like [rósia], and it later transformed into modern [ros:íya] (sorry if transcription is poor, i had last english lessons like 10 years ago). Petr 1 liked this concept and it became a basement of Russia's mythology and their own world with own perverted history.
@balticempire7244 maybe we talk about different "Russia"s
@@folya38 UA history moment 🤓
Comment for the algorhytm