Supercooled Water - Explained!
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- Опубликовано: 21 мар 2011
- Many videos on RUclips show water freezing almost instantaneously. This video shows you how to replicate the experiment and it explains how the phenomenon works. Molecular illustrations are courtesy of:
PhET Interactive Simulations
University of Colorado
phet.colorado.edu.
2011: When the houses of RUclipsrs looked like a normal house
It feels so weird now
Haha yeah that's what I noticed
That's a dead accurate description
It wasn't as much of a job back then
dude I noticed the exact same thing, youtube has definitely worked out for him
what happens if you drink it and punch your stomach
lol
you get a rock hard stomach... and constipation
3 second abs
riley sullivan loooooooooooooooooool , your comment made my day xDDDDDDDD
It's actually quite lethal, if you leave water in a car durring the winter and go to take a sip, if its still liquified but below its freezing point you can actually cause some serious damage to yourself, that can be fatal.
It took him so long that he actually grew a beard!
+XpertPilotFSX It did. lol Good eye
+XpertPilotFSX hahahah
I was thinking the same!
Omg it did
My beard grows that much in a day
I accidentally made super cooled water once and when the ice started to form when I disturbed the bottle I lost my damn mind.
I'm now imagining you doing that and thinking you can freeze water now or you're on a drug trip XD
WisMi
take a course on statistical mechanics.
I hope you found your mind again. It's always in the last place you look!
Happened to me while pouring water into a glass.
The problem was that it froze mid-air, broke off and smashed onto the glass and broke it...
The "I'll be back in a couple hours" and then "OK it's been 2 days" feels like he predicted quarantine
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
Damn.
Funny how you got better on explaining and acting on your videos. On your latest videos you feel way more comfortable with people and persuing the experiments. Great job Derek.
This is not fake lol. It's real.
Btw are you alive? :)
Looking at you then and now shows how much you are dedicated to do what you do. Truly a motivation for me!! Keep making great videos and enlightening us
The dude looks so young! In 10 years he'll be winning bets with acclaimed physics professors XD
🤣 🤣
And renting helicopters in the name of bets
It didn't work for me. My house caught on fire.
for me either, my penis stuck inside... dont ask how!
Lmao
Tried this. Makes mustard gas
Instructions unclear, Penis stuck in bottle.
+Anonymous name seems like a hard thing ? .. Did you touch it?
Hey Derek, you often refer to this video as a collection of mistakes you did in the past but I assure you it's not that bad, it may actually be the one that got me hooked up to your channel, it's been like 3 years now and I'm never leaving. You're cool man, I love what you do!
Then why did you leave now after 4 years? Huh
@@namansingla2975 I didn't!
@@davidm.johnston8994 based
@@davidm.johnston8994what about now, huh?
I actually prefer this content, it's very calming
Very well done! The speaker has an excellent demeanour, maintains good eye contact, and I was able to finally understand the phenomenon. Thank you.
Im here in 2019.....seriously after 8 years this video is in my recommendation 🤔
Me 2
Me too
Me too man
Same
Poor RUclips algorithm... It's going mar
WARNING: Do not use a glass bottle and fill it up to the brim. 1kg of ice uses more space than 1kg o water, aka the bottle will explode
*uh oh*
the glass itself will likely crack due to the glass shrinking because of the temperature drop
blame it on the hydrogen bonds
@@skydarkbomber1728 it will not crack if the cooling is slow and the glass was good before.
But when the water freezes it might crack due to pressure, or the sudden heat which comes from the ice. (it heats up to 0C very quickly)
There are lots of factors here, if you balance them right even a glass container should survive the experiment. (Just not use chipped glass, that can break from any temperature variation)
You seem like you might have learned this the hard way.
this guy is like the non-virgin version of bill nye the science guy.
or that Bill isn't, you know, married.
I'm a straight make, but I couldn't concentrate on what he was saying... how the hell does a STEM dude become that gorgeous? some people have all the luck.
Matt Fletcher I laughed way to hard at this well played.
+MSI2k. I've got news for you, you're not a straight male.
Hello Varitasium. I highly enjoy your content, you have taught me much via your clear speaking and hands on approach at teaching. Thank you for your Videos.
I am more focused on the food in the freezer then what he was saying lol.
Hello random youtuber with 110k+ subs
@@sebastianstark3224 looks like he lost some of 'em
@@namansingla2975 you really gonna reply to a 2 year old comment and expect me to know what youre talking about?
Sebastian Stark You can’t read?
@@TheColdrush22 the answer may be surprising but i cannot
Interesting to see how the show has evolved over three years. Love this video.
now 11 years
@@akashbeh4856 now 11 months
OMG young Veritassium is wierd...
Look like small version of Cristiano Ronaldo
Yup he is pretty awkward tho
How old is he now?
33-34 I think.
yeah says you 4 years ago
You are one of my main sources of information :) Thanks for all your lessons.
Imagine Super cooling the water then drinking it and it freezing in your throat.
I think it would freeze as soon a
you opened the cap
I think it would freeze as soon a
you opened the cap
I do this everyday... It melts instantaneously! You may gag with liquified ice, or water for short. You can't drink it from the bottle of course it would not come out the solid stuff so easily after nucleation, but put the ice-water into a cup and chug it up, liquid and solid melting instantaneously in your throat, too fast for your to gag with the solid crystals, but messy enough for you to gag with air and liquid cold water. =D
I've done it accidentally before, semi freezes up in your throat, same texture as snow and does melt very quickly. But I promise you it's very uncomfortably cold. You can pour supercooled water onto objects straight from the bottle and it freezes on impact and you can make mini snow towers :D
I did this earlier by accident, by far the coolest thing I've ever done.
I really want to see this on a larger scale, like in a pool.
Imagine you just cannonball inside the pool and it instantly freezes the pool and your just stuck there lol
It will be nearly impossible to do at a large scale tho
It will freeze before you supercool it.
@@Error-yh3xr might*
2023 anyone has try it?
I've been wondering about why this happens for years but I didn't even know the name of this process so I couldn't google it. Thanks man
You can also do this outside the freezer using a bowl of ice and salt and a small bottle partly filled with pure water. Benefits of this smaller approach is it’s almost guaranteed, it only takes 5-20 minutes and by adding a couple of thermometers (measurements down to -20 deg C) and a stopwatch, you can make a cool kids science project out of it … you also get to see the pretty amazing temperature changes involved in the whole process. Try it and see for yourself ☺️👍
What if you drop a water balloon fulled with super cooled water?
+Der Übermensch The water balloon may tear upon impact with whatever surface it is dropped on. If the water inside crystallizes once the balloon is dropped, the balloon may stretch and take the form of whatever shape the water/new ice is once the process begins and completes, all the while the balloon retaining it's elasticity. I'm honestly not to sure so it is something that you just have to test and find out for yourself.
wow good question! i wonder about that now too.
what if one used a very thin balloon, and smashes it on the table, and the balloon ruptures, sending the supercooled water flying? will it still freeze?
Nothing.
It doesn't actually turn solid. It turns more into jelly.
Captain here: balloons have some sort of powder on the in- and outside to prevent the rubber from sticking. These particles can will initiate the nucleation and hence causes the water to freeze. So, only if you happen to have a balloon that is almost clean of particles and filtered water you will stand a chance to make super cooled water in a balloon.
I am in a high school advanced physics class and we were talking about this last week. I tried to explain the trick like how you did, but was shot down by my teacher. She said the reason why it freezes when you bang it is because there is a little bit of pressure in the bottle, and when you bang it the top of the bottle opens slightly to let air in, releasing the pressure and freezing the water. This explanation accounts for why the water freezes from top to bottom also. Secondly, why do you say that you need very pure water for this? The trick works for soda too. Although it does turn into slush and not a solid mass. Lastly, my father does this trick all the time at work and will have the liquid sitting in there for no specific amount of time, and the liquid does not freeze on its own. Can you explain all of this with your understanding of how the trick works? Your response would be much appreciated and it will be shared with my advanced physics class. Thank you!
Kassie Comerio You can repeat the experiment with a fused bottle so that no air can possibly escape.
Kassie Comerio You need very pure water so as to ensure the total absence of sediment which will act as hygroscopic nuclei when the water freezes.
Also, I believe that the reason why the water freezes from top to bottom is because the vibration of the blow travels to the top of the bottle, where it pushes the molecules into each other, forming solid. Just a thought though, my knowledge of physics is very limited :/
TheBirdThatWhistles If you need very pure water then why does it work with soda which is not very pure.
***** do you know where I can find one of thoes?
Kassie Comerio Well, I imagine you can fuse the top of a bottle yourself with a soldering iron.
I watched this video about 10 years ago and I thought it was really cool but didn’t think much of it. Since moving into college I’ve been putting water bottles in the freezer to get them cold faster and literally every single time, the water doesn’t freeze until I take it out of the freezer and pour it out or start drinking. Super cool and I’m glad you let me know how it works!
what happens if you pour it out into your mouth
I really enjoy of Veritasium videos. I think they're concise and effectively explained. I would like to propose the realization of a superfluids video, because I'm pretty interested in the topic and certainly there are no enough information about it. I have already search in couple of books but I think there's a unknown missing part I can visualize yet. Thank you for your contribution to the development of many students knowledge. Always Veritasium.
Who got this in their recommended 9 years later lol
Nope. I just got it in my recommended 9 years later lol
Hah
well hello there
What lol
@Bad Mash ask what?
I really like your videos. There are a lot of thinks I had taken by granted. Now I know they're way more complex than I thought. I really appreciate your effort.
And... Do you think it is possible to the water to freeze on the way to the floor? For example, if I throw a marble or a little rock to the water falling.
I watched this years ago because I loved science but I didn't fully care for the subject (thought it would never happen to me) but just now I pulled a bottle of water out the freezer and it froze instantly... I remembered this video... Anyway thanks for making this video
this is one of my favourite videos of yours, thank you
I used to be able to do this consistently with Dasani water. That was when Dasani was new to the mass market. Since then the bottle and probably the water itself has changed and now it's much more difficult to recreate. It seemed to me at the time that a few factors were responsible. The bottle was thick (rigid plastic) and well sealed, which kept the water under pressure and ice crystals from forming. Water is naturally denser at 4 C than when frozen, but keeping the bottle under pressure extends this dense state to temperatures below freezing. A freezing point a few degrees below 0 is then required to exert enough pressure on the casing to form ice crystals. To test this, simply open or gently puncture the super-cooled pressured bottle and it will turn to an ice crystal. There are probably other methods, such as using monopolar ions or electrical currents, but I would venture to guess that in the common super-cooled water bottle trick, pressure plays a significant part.
Just want to point out that Dasani is tap water
@3:13 Thank you Veratasium. Now i know that if I leave my water in the freezer, it freezes!
Thanks for all your help guys! it helped me a lot for my explanation on my project that i am working on for science!!!
I watched all these videos on the tablets in Sacramento County Jail. Gave me something to think about while I was staring at the wall for 4 months. (Out now😊) Thanks!
I've done this by accident multiple times using store-brand spring water. I have a small cooler that I keep cold using bottles of water frozen in the freezer. After freezing the same bottles over and over again, eventually one will end up supercooled and I have to shake, squeeze, or bang it to get it to freeze. It never turns into ice though, just super cold slush.
What I want to know is, if you were to be able to open the bottle without jolting it, and then try to drink it, would it freeze as soon as it got into your mouth, or would the movement not be enough to cause it to freeze? Honestly what I was wondering was if it would create a giant iceball in your stomach but probably not because I'm also thinking that then it wouldn't be cold enough anymore.
This just happened to me, completely by accident, with a small bottle of pop-top water. I'm still stoked! It really cheered me up after having to wait 2 hours for windows to upgrade. (I didn't ask for it, it just started by itself...)
Ive lived more than a decade knowing this phenomenon and never once encountered it with my own eyes. Then it happened to me and it felt like rediscovering life or something. And wow Derek you look very much younger here
RUclips Algorithm: heres an 8 year old Veritasium video.
here in 2020
Cee M hi
@@kaikiller7105 Hi
Stephen Muga hiiiiiii
*9 Year old
I actually see this effect often when chilling a bottle of pop, tho! Has to be the exact perfect timing, but it's super awesome when you can take a drink as liquid and have it turn to slush in your mouth! 😁
*and then it turns to ice in your throat!*
Nice one Derek! I just watched your most recent video. I think I actually started watching your channel when you made this video. Thanks for the great content and I've always enjoyed your thoughts on Veritasium2. I'm a music teacher and often have students asking me for advice for decisions about their future. I might tell them to watch 'the truth about veritasium' to get them thinking. Cheers.
Thank you for explaining!! No one else did, they just showed how.
Beer works much better. Especially if you challenge your friend to a chugging contest and then clink bottles beforehand. Just don't take the wrong bottle.
This has happened to me a couple of times by accident. It is really *cool*
Thank you so much. Ive been search for this explaination for ages!
For what it’s worth, you’ve really come a long way in your flow and production quality. Still, a good video here.
If you want pure water, why don't you use distilled? Fiji water still has impurities.
Aeroscience maybe fiji is promoting this video
+Aeroscience well, this is a video demonstrating how you can make water freeze instantly at home, so it would be reasonable to use materials that you can easily get your hands on, rather than using 100% pure h2o, which is probably hard to find. i know i can't anywhere that sells the thing.
+Hoàng Trần Minh (MassiveFire) distelled water is pretty common to find in a house enviroment, since it's used in flatirons and it's sold in bottles in a lot of places that sell house merchandise
Jang wow. but sorry, in my country, there aren't much places that sells pure h2o. we can only get it from lab equipment shops.
+Aeroscience It has a Fiji ad on the side.
Very pure water, huh? This happened to me on accident, quite coincidentally.... and I was very confused about what happened. Except, it happened to me with a bottle of cranberry ocean spray..... All I had to do was hold it, and the entire thing solidified.
Superb! Especially the behind the scenes
I've done this with a glass bottle of beer, and was successful on the first try. In fact, it was recommended to me that the experiment is much more likely to succeed when using beer than water. My guess is because of the distillation process when making alcohol reduces the number of nucleation sites, but Derek maybe you could do a follow up on that.
Watching this again. After more than 9 years, feeling old yet? I do...
Thank you for explaining this. I always wondered how the hell this happened when we would pull water bottles out of the freezer in Iraq. It happened fairly often to us, we'd go to pull out a water bottle that wasn't frozen and we'd be assholes and slap the other person's bottle in hopes that it would freeze over. We got it to happen a lot but never a completely solid block. Most of the time it was just a bunch of chunks of ice like in your failed attempts.
Extremely cool and thank you again!
Well explained and Done, thanks for the video
twisting the dragons tail! fantastic by the way thanks so much for your effort on that it was truly brilliant!
What would happen if you started chugging the water while it's liquid?
+Nolan Gaudreau I assume you would choke
+Nolan Gaudreau you'd be drinking ice water
try to do that and pour the liquid on the table or somewhere
+Nolan Gaudreau it would immediately solidify when you open the bottle.
If you watched Grant Thompson's video, it turns to slush, not solid ice . So it would probably feel soft in your mouth. Ur welcome hahaha :))
+Nolan Gaudreau instant death.
This is an interesting principle, and it's worthy of note that it also applies to other substances. Interestingly enough, these substances don't need to freeze at 0 degrees Celsius - the cooling just has to progress below the solidification temperature natural for that substance. As the crystals form, the temperature of the liquid will go back up to the temperature of solidification. This principle is used in hand-warmers - the "click" you hear is a little piece of metal that, when bent, provides a seed on its surface for the crystals to begin forming. As they form, the temperature of the resulting solid rises - and this provides the heat that warms your hands. As to where the heat comes from, I can't recall, so you'll have to look it up. ^^
Bonds are formed forming a crystal meaning that it is exothermic so heat released to the surroundings when bonds are formed
@@jawatu6326 Yes, I've since read more on the subject (a few times over the years, actually). It still fascinates me, because it's a beautiful process that is very counter-intuitive. Once you understand why and how it works - it sheds new light on how reality _actually_ functions, and it's a great example of how things are "not how they seem" that is very visible to the naked eye. It's also a great reminder that you don't need to _understand_ reality for it to work, and how such magnificent things can easily be disregarded as mundane.
@@ellmanncreative yes I think everyone should learn about these things its literally a miracle from God and learning how they work makes you feel blessed
I did this unintentisially yesterday! It was awesome!
Damn your production quality has increased 100 fold!
This guy has cracked the RUclips algorithm on a whole new level.
SLOW MO GUYS, GET ON THIS
This happened to me once on accident and it baffled the crap out of me because it caught me off guard.
I left a case of water in my truck one winter night and when I went to grab one the next day I was surprised that it hadn’t frozen. I was holding it and bumped it and it got hard in my hand... when I looked it had froze! I couldn’t believe it so I grabbed another and hit the bottom and it froze too.... one of the most magical days of my life.
This is a really cool effect.
I have a question. Why did the ice formation start at the top of the bottle while the physical impact was at the bottom?
I believe because the energy travels up the bottle (like when you hit a baseball you feel the vibration where your hand is). Maybe also because that is where the space is to start the ice crystal.
Huy Tran I was thinking because the bubble travels very quickly to the top and the bang does the trick. Energy vibrates through our at the bubble to start the ice crystal reaction
Huy Tran We can now conclude that he, too, failed to explain the whole phenomenon.
For the same reason that if you put your hand palm down on a flat surface and then ask your friend to use their fist and slam it down on the middle of your hand. It will hurt them instead of you... Also idk lol XD
Mikel Mariscal Thanks for the example man, I think I've broken my metacarpals.
Fiji water is anything but pure, it says so right on the bottle. Distilled water should work much better (can stay in the freezer longer and get colder before freezing).
It works almost every time with my Powerade
This guy has come a long way
A blast from the past I did my science project on on this end seventh grade❤
How cold can water get while still being a liquid?
AnyBodyWannaPeanut -420
Why am I not seeing jokes about banging things on the counter?
"things".
Yes, well. The use of a metasyntactic variable means that the word 'thing' can mean both 'bottle of water' and 'woman'.
because they wouldn't be funny?
credence7777777
Banging things on the counter is ALWAYS funny. Or else you're doing it wrong.
Cragillahan Only some women become ice cold on the inside after being seeded, even after days of banging on the counter.
Question:
after crystalizing, did you identify an/or measure the change in temperature?
is there any change in temperature. IMO, it should be :)
The refrigerator where I work acts more like a freezer most of the time. We see this on a daily basis. It is pretty cool
The reason it took multiple attempts to pull this off with so-called "pure water" is because Fiji isn't "pure water." It's ground water, so by its very nature, it should have salts (aka minerals) dissolved in it. This is pretty common for bottled water as drinking water usually isn't "pure" water. If you want this to work better, try distilled water, as it actually is just water. It's not very good for drinking, and you won't find it in small bottles for that very reason, but because it has very few to no dissolved salts, it should have no available nucleation points. That's also why you shouldn't microwave distilled water. If you pull it out and it isn't visibly boiling, breaking the surface tension can cause "superheating" (to make up a word), and the water will actually explode out of the container as steam is instantly released.
Had this happen many times on accident, and now I know why
Must have blown your mind the first time.
Me too first time it happened i was 12 or so and didnt know what to say to explain it to anyone lol
That experiment almost made my thirsty ;-)
But nice job buddy!
I've always wanted to see this happen, but I was also pretty happy to see my beer hadn't frozen when I accidentally left it in the freezer too long. Very sad moment when it turned to ice before my very eyes.
why is this recommended to me in 2021?😅
Because the year it was posted doesn't make it less interesting
Quick question: in all videos I've seen on supercool water, the freezing always starts from the top. Is there a reason for that ? Is it because of the air on top ? What if you flip the bottle before hitting it ? Based on your explanation, it seems the freezing could start from anywhere (particules could start aligning up in the middle of the bottle), but videos seems to show otherwise, always from the top.
Thanks.
+Freak You may have noticed that these water bottles are really dry when you have poured all the water out The bottles are quite hydrophobic which hampers ice nucleation. Hydrophilic impurities act as nuclei.
At the surface the water molecules have more freedom of movement I would think, so it would be easier to generate a 'homonucleus'.
@@naturealley5821 thanks
I think it's because water goes down and comes up again hitting the top of the bottle.
From here to now I can see how your confidence has increased
During this phase change, what happens to the water temperature and/or volume?
What happens if you pour the liquid out? I'm guessing it will become a slush-like substance.
It's just like normal water.
johnson sun
Are you sure? I saw this guy do that with sparkling water and it worked.
OHhh...
i do this everyday cos my fridge is really cold, the water is fine until i pour it out, then it freezes on contact with the oxygen as it collides with where i pour it, slowly making a mountain as the water falls, it does become slush like, only when disturbed though. it wont be solid frozen but rather like slushy. even bumping the bottle will result in slushy substance.
Well if you pour it carefully, it will stay liquid, you could add a piece of ice and it would freeze. But if you pour it out fast, it will freeze
What I want to know is who the hell dislike this???
Yea. Some jealous piece?
Einstein Hackking Nope. Some little stupid kids who couldnt do it because they did it all wrong...
XD lol. Seriously, this generation of spoil brats.
I know right?
Maybe Justin Beiber fans...:D
Science from the ancient archives ! May the future generations rejoice on this!
I've only seen this phenomenon not in water but in energy water like gatorade and mineralized water, in fact it happens often whenever i forget it on the freezer for several hours and when it triggers it leaves not solid ice but more of a slush
I can only guess is due to all the extra elements on the water but the ice slush still tickles my curiousity
What would happen if you drank it when it's in liquid form ?
It would probably start freezing as soon as it touched your tongue, if not sooner.
***** I think I'll pass.
It feels really cold but it warms up to above freezing after it enters your mouth so it does not end up freezing. I know this from personal experience.
i'm thinking it would freeze in your mouth before you could drink it
19Anonymous33 But if it's only a few degrees below freezing, wouldn't your warm mouth melt it? Just like ice cream. As soon as you put it into your mouth, it starts to melt.
I'm gonna come back in a couple of hours. Ok it's been a couple of days
That was awesome. About how long did you freeze it for on the successful try?
If you ever want to see what vacuum decay would look like, supercooled water freezing is a pretty good representation
water will become metal once cooled further below
SMH go away troll........ are you the same guy who said once elephants jump for an hour everyday in the morning?
joe20m20
No, I was the one saying that crocodiles are flat because they didn't rest while the elephants jumped.
XD!!!!
Quentyn73 LOL
Hahaha
lol 3 hours before a party open a beer and put it in the freezer... in the party take it and pour it into your mates glass while he is holding it and convince him he must be a mutant from X-men
The tap water here works just fine, I usually have some glass bottles chilling in the fridge and accidentally pulled off this trick by pouring it over ice. It instantly turned to slush and made a neat mountain before the crystallization rushed up into the bottle and spread sheet like ice all over. It was pretty cool I'm about to try it again
My friend managed to prepare supercooled Coca Cola accidentally. We were really surprised why we get a kind of slush in our glasses while it's a pure liquid in a bottle. :) Then we realized that it must be a supercooling effect. It was starting freeze in contact with a glass. Fascinating experience.
1:40 i banged a water bottle once
Bro 💀💀
F I J I B O Y S
A E S T H E T I C S
Nice bottle of Tanquary atop the fridge, and 4:20 reference in the logo at the end - what are you Snoop Dogg Jr?? ;-)
Watching on 2020? This guy is still awesome 9 years ago..
Feb. 2022 can give attandance here
WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DRINK THAT??
interesting question.. but i think it would freeze as soon as you opened the bottle of water.
its ice how can you drink it
I know that it doesn´t freeze when you open the bottle I have seen clips where people pour it on table and it only freezes when it contacts the table.
Sorry my english is so suck you would probably be drinking cold water as it freezes then.
Adam West What if you opened the bottle in somewhere where theres little impurities in the air, like a wafer fabrication plant?
And, it doesn't have to be water, I drink vanilla nutritional shakes, but I prefer it to be super cooled. I put these in the freezer a few hours before I intend to drink them. Most of the time it is perfectly cooled and it stays fluid, but on rare (and pleasantly delicious) occasions, when I take one out, immediately pop the top and start drinking, it will try to freeze, like a healthy vanilla shake. One time as I was mid-gulp I could feel it actually freezing up from my esophagus to my throat and mouth! Soo deliciously refreshing during these oppressively hot and long summer nights in the south! d>_0b
This happens in front of my eyes just a few minutes ago! Super exciting! I wished id recorded it