Sadly there are only very few, and very thin sources which are nearly all secondary sources. Also most of modern slavic paganism is more based on modern interpretations and believes then actually sources. However, a lot of pagan traditions were converted into catholic traditions, burning of morenna and a lot of regional christmas traditions and rituals is rooted in paganism.
That is the issue, old slavic paganism and all the facts and ways of life around it have been almost completely lost as many of these slavic people did not write
On Baltic religion: Provided you speak Lithuanian or Latvian, the source material is actually very rich. There are certain neo pagan groups, like Romuva, who are trying to reconstruct religious practices of Baltic tradition that combine surviving oral tradition, archeology and myth reconstruction. The religious symbology in the baltic region is also very strong. I can recommend "Baltic scriptures and signs (Baltų raštai ir ženklai)" by Valdis Celms (only available in Latvian and Lithuanian) that depicts a pagan baltic world view through the symbology found on archeologiacal artifacts and traditions.
Thank you! The history and mythology of Baltic nations, including of those still existing - Latvian and Lithuanian - shouldn't be too difficult to access in 2024. We were the last pagans of Europe and we still hold on to our pagan roots and celebrate them. So feel free to visit and see for yourself (preferably around Midsummer).
The rigvedic sanskrit is very much related to baltic too. For ex the divonapat(ashvins) or ashvienei in Balto slavic are the horse twins in Hinduism. The god rudra or rude in English is also a god in Hinduism. The goddesses ushas and indrani are also found in rigvedic Hinduism. Not only that but the similarity b/w balto slavic and sanskrit who are more related to each other than swedish is to balto slavic is also very fascinating
@@Forward_comrades Your point being. That vedic people and balto slavs are not related. Well if that's your point then why are all slavic languages related to Vedic Sanskrit. If the balto slavic languages have been changed so then why do these other languages show similarities with vedic sanskrit.
As a Roman Italian for generations, I say thank you. Thank you because the concept is finally arriving that all ancient European divinities and traditions (not just Nordic) come from a single linguistic family which was the Indo-European one. Odin, Zeus, Jupiter are all the corresponding fathers of the gods of the Scandinavian, Greek and Roman world, but all with different native characteristics. It's time we Europeans start understanding who we really are, where we come from, we've waited too long, too many wars have passed, too many brothers have died. The Indo-Europeans are the key to exiting this nihilistic world.
There's another non-Indo-European cultural group whose pagan beliefs you didn't address, which are the Basques. It would have been cool for you to address some of their cultural belief systems as well. Personally I am mostly of Norse and Germanic background, which is why I watch almost every video you do. Thanks Again for another great one!
Exactly! The Basques were the last Iberian pagans, some small pocket communities survived until the 16th century. There had been more disocveries on the Basques recently like the Hand of *Irulegi* which shows an ancient native Basque writing
That would a whole nother video You would ha e to do Sicily, And ma y other groups you have kept more of the Agricultural beliefs But it would be interesting
I would like to add a bit about Slavic paganism. The amount of written primary sources is actually quite extensive once you look into it. For once there are chronicles made by Christians like Chronica Slavorum by Adam of Bremen, Chronicles of Widukind, Thietmar, and Saxo Gramaticus, and finally, Norse Sagas as well provide us with insights about Slavic beliefs.
@__@ I just wrote a comment stating that there are too few sources on Slavic paganism, I never even heard of any you mentioned. I wish I could read them.
Stoked you're going to delve more into the Celtic. As someone from North East England, living in Scotland and genetically Scottish, Northern English, Norwegian and Swedish I've been very keen in the Norse paganism for some time and now going further into Celtic. I figure, learn and enjoy both heritages and continue to grow me beliefs from then 🤷
@@jboss1073The Picts are, based on genetic and archeological evidence, believed to have been most closely related to the south Britons, and the Scots (from whom the name of the modern nation comes) were Gaelic. Ie, it was _predominantly_ Celtic.
@@NevisYsbryd The first person to marry the names "Celtic" and "Gaelic" was George Buchanan in 1582. He did so only linguistically, and because, according to him, the Celtici of Spain brought those languages to Scotland and Ireland. Hence it should be noted it is only modernly (starting from 1582) and not historically that there is any association between Celtic and Gaelic - and from 1582 onwards the association was meant to be purely linguistic and academic, not in any way ancestrally or historically.
@@jboss1073 You could just as well expand that logic to the entirety of the Insular Celts. It was a foreign umbrella term that refers to a very loosely collected diaspora. Again, what genetic evidence we have indicates that the Picts (the predominant ethnic group of the pre-Roman Caledonians) were closely related to their Briton neighbors to the south, albeit different enough in genetics and material culture to be distinct. While the evidence _is_ fairly limited, what we have points to them being an Insular Celtic people. As far as the Gaels... they have a thoroughly Celtic pantheon, stories, and Celtic is not one specific group genetically _or_ culturally but an umbrella category of loosely related groups with genetic and cultural overlap. While their genetic admixture with the Celtic immigrants was much lower than their rate of cultural adoption, especially compared to the Britons, at that point, you have to determine where to draw hard distinctions in the interplay of genetic ratios, language, culture, identity, etc, which is a mess, and 'Celt' is a linguistic-cultural category first and foremost to begin with and a genetic one second. While you can argue it more appropriate to draw harder lines, especially at genetic emphasis... at that point, the entire umbrella category and how the Celts themselves understood it collapses. It was nuclei with radial diffusions of a category, not one hard, clean, geographical and genetic boundary.
Celtic pagan here, half Irish half English. It is difficult to find reliable sources on this. My dad was pagan but told me it is an independent journey and it was my responsibility to explore my beliefs. He didn’t want to force any religion upon me.
Your father knew the basic rule that faith has no missionaries and no holy books and no closed temples becauseBecause faith ends when you identify with god Because holiness lies wherever life manifests, and your relationship with life determines the future of all of us Not churches, not palaces, not houses or modern technologies and how strange it would not sound not men
Thank you for this video. It covers so much. My Husband's family is Finnish, and I am Norwegian/Welsh. Trying to find the parts that are similar and what is vastly different between the three to give my kids some of their history. This helps
Please read all of my description below: Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms? What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
Thats great thanks The Indo-European / Proto-Indo-European , used to be called Aryan the word was changed, fyi The world was said to be ruled by the Aryans, in the age of Aries the Ram 2000 BCE to 0 so, most of it took place when Europa was a deity , before Europe existed as a state
Because the Finns sang their history. The Kalevala was based on folk songs and stories, many from Karelia where the traditional spiritual songs are still sung.
I'm very much interested in learning more about the Finnish history and traditions - please do assist me with suggestions of sources I can learn from. Thank you so much for putting out such awesome content on the history and heritage of our ancestors. I found your channel yesterday and have been glued to it since.
They Talk is good. If you speak Finnish some regular Finnish youtubers such as Ville Mäkipelto, Finntop5 and ZoneVD sometimes make videos about Finnish mythology. Jacob Toddson has few videos on Finnish beliefs. And afore mentioned Antti Palosaari and Irish in Finland are excellent.
My Polish grandfather used to tell me about the tree worshippers, he also told me about the Kalevala although I’d already read about it. I also had a connection to welsh lore and customs from my paternal grandfathers side. Great Britain had a bardic culture although people were generally part of a church somewhere. Poetry is the language and tradition of the Bard, the many stanzas and rhymes of ancient times.
For the record, there are a lot of people who have Germanic ancestry. This is especially true in the US, English and German ancestry being the two largest groups. So, it may appear to be the "cool" pagan religion to follow because it is also the native religion of a significant amount of people. US culture is also disproportionately represented online.
Yeah online and media would make you think that people of color are the main population. Although 94% of new job’s were filled by minorities and people of color. So they are actively trying to change it.
@@triumph.over.shipwreck Latino ancestry is broken down by nationality. A cuban is not the same as a mexican, just the same as a norweigen is not the same as a swedish person. Even then, if you count anyone of germanic decent as such, they definitely outnumber latino ancestry.
@@triumph.over.shipwreck Census only uses race and ethnicity, other studies use nationality and ethnicity. Latino is a census designation, not a race, ethnicity, or nationality.
My late grandmother (Ukrainian) was deeply religious. She went to church, she prayed, she preached, everything. BUT! At the same time she carried a lot of Slavic pagan traditions. She deeply believed in Domovyk and Lisovyk (spirit of the house and of the forest respectively) and even taught me how to appease them and how to interprete their actions. Once my parents bought a new house, she insisted on leaving bread and candy in the attic as some kind of sactrifice to the Domovyk (she didn't call it a sacrifice, she called it a gift). She told me stories of her own and her friends experiences with the supernatural. She also kept traditions, like the first person who enters your home after (old) new year must be a man, so her village sent young boys early in the morning to visit houses and the owners of the houses treated them with candies - and if it would happen that a woman wanted to visit her first, she would not open the door, until one of the boys visited her. And there were a lot of such things, stories, traditions, beliefs she held, while again, she was a devout Christian woman. And she wasn't alone - I think it would be hard to find a religious Ukrainian who doesn't incorporate pagan beliefs in his religion. Sometimes I feel a desire to write about it, but then I'm afraid I don't have enough knowledge to tell it accurately. And while we do have a lot of pagan elements in our everyday life, somehow almost all Slavic mythology is lost.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest No one said anything about supremacy, except you. And still, I don't care how its interpreted. Don't be so sensitive. Most foreign cultures admire Europeans for a reason.
@@Mr.Skeleton. yes it was me, I said it and because it's usually connected. When people start being TOO proud of their people then they start thinking theirs are superior and should run things. Doesn't matter what group of people we're talking about either my dude. I'm 1/3 Danish and Swedish ancestry, it's not like I don't appreciate my people. Just don't take it too far, nothing wrong with appreciating and loving your people. I love our people too.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest Dude we live in a time where we are becoming minorities in our own countries and are being dehumanized in the media, do you think the J's managed to survive so long because they were humble about themselves? No they even have the supremacy aspect in their religious text, the Talmud states claerly, that all none J's, gentiles, are nothing more than cattle. All other ethnicities practise supremacy when they manage to become majorities, even genocidally. What other ethnicities did would make the myths about mustache man sound like a joke. Plus our achievements are truely great, we reached the pinnacle and only crumble because of our own weakness. Its nice that you love our people, but we are not in a position to be pacifist, pragmatically we need to be a bit extreme about our self love right now, it amy not be pretty but its vital. I get it, most of us love Lord of the RIngs, but we have to think more like Dune right now.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest Exactly. These people proclaiming pride in Europe (lol) are often ignorant to the idea one can like where they come from without DISLIKING where others come from. It's funny that they call themselves my brothers too. As a portuguese whose family has been living for generations in this "european" land....I have no time for this nationalistic, tribalistic bs. I like my country and cultuure, but I'm not PROUD of it, specially not if that inherently means not appreciating other cultures.
Where are you from? You should know that many Slavic speaking nations don't have Slavic blood and there are nations like Hungarians that are Slavs despite they don't speak a Slavic language anymore.
Hi, can someone tell me what the fifth symbol down from the top on the column located toward the right half of the image at 22:27 is. I have had this tattooed on me since childhood. It was there before i was adopted. Noone has ever been able to shed light on it pr what it means. Although very faded in color it is still complete and surprisingly has not mis shapend as i grew up. I had always assumed it was an asian symbol. I have asked chinese ,japanese, korean, and pacific ilander friends at different points and nobody has ever been able to identify the sympbol/word/letter. This is the 1st time i have ever seen the symbol anywhere but on my body! So needless to say im very interested. I took a dna test a couple of years ago which showed i am Scandinavian genetically. Which makes it even more interesting and maybe less weird.... I would be super greatfull if somebody could fill me in or point me in the right direction as to what it is or represents. I always figured it was a word or might be a letter to a word that wasn't finished. Friends have theorized it might be some kind of sigil. To be clear im refering to the symobol that looks like an upside down capital letter T with two crossing lines. Thanks
Read the book “Not In His Image”. Please. Just from what you said here I can tell this book is perfect for you👍🏻It will guide you towards your proper path, along with the countless lectures you can find online from the author. He actually talks about Meso American wisdom, North American wisdom, Celtic, Greek & Roman wisdom and mythology etc in his own revived version of the ancient Mystery Schools. Our own paths aren’t necessary strictly tied to a specific ethno-spirituality, and if someone is of mixed heritage this is especially less so👌🏻You have freedom to taste more schools of thought in the shoes that you wear🍻
Finnish and Sami faith is ancestral worship faiths. Karhu, god of beasts, is a human named Karhu Vepsäläinen. A man who lived. Kalma is goddess of rot and decay, yet she was human named Nga, founder of Nganasa people. Nganasa means people of Nga. Tuoni, goddess of death, the patron of the living dead, Nenets of northern coasts. Lemminkäinen, Väinämöinen, Tapiolainen, all of these three refer to a god and and people, ingrians, kven and tavastians respectively. Ukko comes from Ugu, and is the god of skies of mordva. Akka is his wife and goddess of earth, by name of ezrya the siblings of mordva. From land of living to the sea of death, from sarajan shores to Tuonen river, from Tytti of wisdom trough Tuonetar's birth, lies beyond known as Pohjola, island covered in ice, now called novaya zelmya by russians. And then there are Finns and Sami, children of Norri and Korri, brothers who are grandsons of Väinämöinen.
I can add something as a Russian with possibly some Udmurt (Finno-Ugric) blood. There’s a similar belief among Finns and Udmurts/Russians of Udmurtia. Saunatonttu (sauna elf). My mom refers to it as “banya grandpa”, some elf-like old man living behind the kiuas. I’d say this belief is still alive, when i was just a few years of age, my mom would take me to banya/sauna and speak to the elf, asking him to take away my ailments when I had some little cold or a flu.
@@nikolaisedov2295 I hear of udmurt for first time and I am happy to learn about more peeps. Udmurt has to have intresting meaning for spirits themselves collectively name of murt as far as I found out.
It breaks my heart that there aren’t more comprehensive sources, especially first hand sources, on the Celts. I have Irish ancestry and I’m always trying to learn more about my ancestors! I totally agree with your opinion about fairytales and legends- these are things that were passed on from generation to generation!
Hey brother, big fan of the channel, love the shout out for us trying to rebuild/reclaim the Celtic faith. I've been in training as a Celtic Reconstructionist for 6 years and would love to chat about my studies to give you a starting point if you plan to explore more.
I’m very interested in Celtic paganism and pagan religion in general but my ancestry is primarily Celtic/germanic and I feel especially connected to the Celtic cultures. That said I’m a tradesman from Mississippi raised Methodist Christian and have no idea where to start with my pagan leanings. I desire a sense of spiritual connection that links me to my ancestors and the divinity of the natural world and I believe that if the Christian god is the guy most of my neighbors pray to demanding total submission and reverence but unwilling or unable to do his job then he’s not someone I can revere. So I guess any advice on the right direction to start would be appreciated
Fun Fact: About the Vikings and the Scandinavian People, there is a group in Brazil and, as in other countries in North America and Europe, the acronym is "SNOW". "Viking and Scandinavian Studies Center" helps a lot and the research, classes and examples are sensational... And about the Video, honestly, very good!
In Spain and Portugal there’s a growing interest to return to the religious beliefs of our Celtic and Germanic ancestors, and I’m happy to see our people reclaiming our native faith
Glad to hear that. My dad is Colombian and on his side I’m Spanish and Musica or Chipchow (indigenous to Bogota Colombia). I’ve wanted to learn more about the Spanish pagans for a while now.
You keep showing up in videos and talking as if you're Portuguese or Spanish. You're not, you're an American. So don't speak like you're one of us on topics you know nothing about and have no connection to aside from some romanticised view
@@uptown_rider8078 Definitivamente. But it’s still residual. From what I have seen, Iberians are still Iron Age descended people(Celtiberian) with residual Italic, Germanic and Middle eastern traces. Iberians unlike most other Europeans which have migrated or suffered great migrations from neighboring countries(Germans vary from East to west genetically), can trace all their line to Iberia, as Rome and the Moorish occupation are the only two instances were foreigners attempted to colonize it.
I cant remember which article it was but there was many years ago a paper about albanian(illyrian) paganism which was apparently still practiced (in very small numbers) until 1000 AD.
Im from the north shore of Lake superior. Thunder Bay. Canada. We have the largest Finn community out side of finnland. As well a very large Scandinavian heritage. My mothers parents come from Norway ❤😊
Surprise! I'm also in Thunder Bay, and am ~49.6% Finnish (took a genetics test). Nice to see other folks like yourself appear on channels like this! Kippis!
Thats a very good video!! I like that your approach explains that the problems about perseuctions or vindicative beleivers dont come from the beleif system itself but civilization behind it. I would love more infos about Baltic Religion!
Even the Poetic Edda is a secondary source, even though it may have been an oral tradition extending back to Norse Pagans, because it was actually put to paper by Christians 200 years after the fact. Name a single literary primary source on Norse Paganism? The reconstructionism vs. personal gnosis debate has a lot more going on in it than "respectable scholars" vs. "people making stuff up." If you actually believe in the Norse pantheon, the spirits and deities themselves seem like potentially a much better source than Christian and Roman reports on Germanic paganism
I come from Norse gales of orkney/Dublin, and from Anglo Saxon of south west England, and Anglo/ Danish of south eastern England, and of course Norman. It is the Norse part of me that has always called to me!
@@texan5196 if you look for more info, try Norse-Gael. I'm not b----ing about your spelling, I'm just saying it to be helpful bc you feel that pull. And maybe it is your ancestors 🤷😁 telling me to say it, who knows? Lol. But that'll get you better sources, so, why not. 🤙
I can confirm that a lot of Slavic pagan traditions have lived on in Christianity, a lot of our saints even are basically just reskins of the old Slavic gods.
Is there a way to get a copy of that map you had which lays out all the different cultures and their geographic locations? This was an excellent over view. 👏 Well done !
Thanks very much for this, great stuff. I'd love to hear more about the Sami/Finn material, especially more about the magic system. Fascinating that that was practiced amongst/by women.
Hi do you think that paganism an introduction to earth-centred religions is worth reading when starting out researching/finding your place /focus in paganism? I have Celtic roots interested in that. Any book recommendations? Thanks
This is a genuine question from someone trying to find their spirituality. I was born Southern Baptist, and the vast majority of my family is such. When i was a teenager, I broke away from Christianity as a whole. For a while, I considered myself an atheist, but then, after a couple years i started looking into as many religions as I could because I wanted spirituality in my life. Admittedly, I am very interested in Norse Paganism but it's also probably true that that's a result of it being more popular and thus getting more exposure to it. Ancestrally, I'm Irish, German, and Polish mostly, but I am unsure as to what direction that leads me in. I am looking to learn as much as I can about Celtic Paganism as, for lack of a better term, that feels the most right for me, but I have an interest in Paganism as a whole and, to an extent, always have. Simply put, I don't know where to look, what is reliable, or what the pagan beliefs of my different ancestors are. If anyone has some pointers, I would be very appreciative.
well most americans are a mix of different european nationalities. Look up Irish mythology as its the best preserved out of all the celtic pagan religions. there are irish people in their 80s today who believe they have seen the banshee. The Tuatha de danaan were a supernatural race that inhabited ireland, although in reality they believe they were the people who came to ireland from the north during doggerland and gave the irish their red hair. there is a pantheon of gods and godesses who are members of the tuatha de danaan. if you google irish mythology or irish gods and godessess, they all have stories attatched to them.
One of the aspects I find most interesting about Indo-European pagan beliefs is that I study language, and we can trace a lot of the names of Proto-Indo-European gods to the European pagan ones. Such as how the name of the sky god in PIE was Dyēu(s) Pāter, or in some cases Dēu(s) Pāter. Dēus is where Zeus comes from, and Dēupater gives us Jupiter. Another is the earth goddess, Dhēa Mēter, which is where Greek gets Demeter.
Tiw/tiwaz (Tu/Tue as in Tuesday in modern english) What's also cool is that this word for the sky father is also cognate with the word day. The sky father is the representation of the daylight/day sky. Diety/day.
Slavic paganism is very animistic. The soul of it remains still. I personally believe the best way to study is to read reports on folk traditions and beliefs, and for this we have quite good sources. It's easy to observe in traditional villages, rituals regarding nature and the cycle of it, holidays, sayings etc. I don't know how much of it is translated but you do have to be born there and grow in certain places for it to be ingrained and natural to you. Especially with your local land. It's most often looked down, ridiculed and pushed into obscurity. I don't think you can reform into any paganism without intimate connection to it, so at this point only older, poorer regions and villages. It's seen and felt everyday even with mundane things like going to harvest herbs or mushrooms. The thought often is that the forest gives it to you, "the forest was generous today". I have thousands of examples of animistic thinking alive today, but I'm fortunate to have a large family with vast knowledge and remembrance of the past, as it's all poor village people and farmers till one or two generation ago. That's where traditions live the longest. People have been made ashamed of their heritage and culture, dialects that they just want to change and be modern, better. Very sad. But there is a small, growing numbers of pagans and resurgance movements
Finnish god Ukko ylijumala god of the sky, lightning, thunder and harvest. Ukko has weapon called Ukon vasara Ukko's hammer, does that saund similar to some nother god?🤔 Väinämöinen is epic hero in kalevala, he is old wise man that is wizard and poet, does that sound similar?????
There's also Tengrism and Hungarian paganism which were quite prevalent in Eastern Europe and although they're different both have monotheistic traits with one supreme God and other Gods in charge of various things like war, prosperity and protection. The "shamans" were also healers in large part.
For Celtic Paganism: look into Iberian Folk traditions. Most of them are Celtic and we still have celtic ruins. :) I'm not a full practitioner since it's different from Portuguese Folk but there's many correlations. There's also a book called Celtic Mythology.
French from mother's side with german and polish origins from father's side here (most of my family is from lands that belonged to the Lorraine duchy, west part and champagne-ardennes mostly my mother's side and west side with alsace and small piece of west/south west germany is my father's side) and and and i can't decide between celtic and german/norse paganism but slavic is interesting too.😅
You can honestly put Greek, Celtic and Germanic paganism with the Iberian peninsula (Spain) since the real native people who lived in the peninsula was Celtic like the Celtiberians and Arevaci. And then later on when the Greeks settled in they brought their own gods which the locals and the Greeks themselves started to invoke and integrate into their culture. And with the Germanic side we can thank the goths or the Visigoths, despite them not having that much of an impact like the others the fact that they were there and ruled says a lot and everything we need to know.
Curious? Seen some place my last name comes from somewhere between england and Norway or even Norway in an older source? Hofdasegle. My Hadsel ancestry comes supposed from same said island in Nordland Halogaland. What does Hofdasegle mean or is it even a word? My ancestors left Norway around 1000 a.d.
Great video. I'm a Celtic pagan of a Welsh background and I can say that it is true that the sources are limited due to the fact that the Celts themselves never wrote anything down, and that they were Christianised at more or less the same time as Mediterranean peoples. Despite that, there is a rich literary and poetic heritage to be found in Ireland and Wales which can tell us a lot about the myths and beliefs of our ancestors. Thanks to archaeology, linguistics and etymology in particular we can deduce what's more reliable than other sources by comparing them across all of the different places that the Celts historically called home.
A quick word of caution for those looking into their Slavic heritage and paganism. The modern pan-Slavic symbol of the Kolovrat is NOT an ancient slavic pagan symbol. It never showed up until the early 1900s when an artist made it up in a drawing in 1923.
Please read all of my description below: Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms? What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
For those who can understand Polish and Read Polish this site - audio books @ Ancient Polish Customs, Culture, Religion, Mythology, Superstitions - Bez Chaosowania - You Tube
Hey! I’ve noticed on 19:30 you show what seems to be the Garni Temple located in Armenia. If so, it doesn’t really have much to do with Baltic paganism, but rather Greco-Roman. "easternmost building of the Graeco-Roman world", Wikipedia states.
As a Swede with partly Sami background this was super interesting! Where can I find these official texts from the Sami stories? I do not want to search it up and end up reading about stuff that is not true.
Being Slavic myself (Caucasus region) I can honestly say that most of the Slavic Pagan “revivals” happened in the last 30-40 years and based on folklore. I am sure you know that pagan artifacts have been mercilessly destroyed and in this case, Slavs are a lot more brutal and superstitious than Nordic people.
@@je-freenorman7787 I am more than familiar with it. And yes, I do know where the word “Slave” comes from. And your point/argument is? If you’re pointing out “slave” mentality of Slavic people, you would be correct. Although you may want to recall that to middle eastern people, Rus and Norse were the same exact group of people. 🤷🏻♂️
I'm glad that so many people are finding a connection to the divine. I myself am German with some eastern European parts, but I have become a Christian after long soul searching, not evangelizing don't worry, just trying to introduce myself. I believe all religions that don't outright preach violence against people for their beliefs are in some way touched by the divine spark for me one story resonated and for someone else another. What matters is that we find something greater than ourselves that in the end connects us and makes us aware of the intricate connection we as a people have to each other and the divine. It's why I never really stopped looking into the developments of the pagan communities as it still fascinates me although I never felt the same pull I now feel with my chosen path and btw. It is chosen as I grew up an atheist.
Thank you very much for another great video. As a Dutchman I feel a bond with my Germanic ancestors the Frisia and regret that our religion has been cancelled by Christianity which is an Arabic religion. Therefore I would appreciatie it if you would refrain from calling our wonderful indo-European religions pagan. Calling non Christian religions pagan is pure Christian propaganda. All global religions are based on myths and beliefs and should be treated with respect and equality. Just because Christianity has been forced upon our great Germanic ancestors doesn’t mean it’s superior and the only true religion.
Nederland en andere europeanen waren vroeger heel spiritueel net als indianen enzo. Heel dicht bij de natuur. Maar dat is helaas al honderden jaren niet meer zo.
There’s a channel called Fortress of Lugh that covers Celtic Paganism. There’s a decent bit of Irish and Welsh folklore, the problem is really the biases of the authors.
What we know of the Gallo-Roman religion can tell us quite a bit about what sort of deities the Gauls and Britons venerated the most. But yeah beyond that it's slim pickings. We get the rest from very Christianized medieval Insular Celtic folklore, FWIW.
Honestly, I advise you to read the archaeological research which is mainly done in France given the numerous archaeological sites there, you will be better able to know the little that we know of this people. If you know read, and understand fluent French, I have a plethora of studies (or video historian/archaeologist) to advise you !
@@southpaw1032 - Thibault Clauzel et al., Geographic origin and social status of the Gallic warriors from Ribemont‐sur‐Ancre (France) studied through isotope systematics of bone remains, 2022. Gilles Prilaux, Les Gaulois sans tête, 2023. 💬 The best popularization work existing to date, taking into account the latest isotopic results. Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, Men and gods in the Somme, 200 years ago, 2017. 💬 The work oscillates between popularization and scientific content. This is the most complete summary that exists to date (due to lack of publication of the site in due form). Please note, however, that the work is no longer up to date on certain points (see Clauzel et al. 2022). - Gérard Fercoq du Leslay et al., Evolution of Laténian ritual practices and their contexts: the case of the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 2019. Jean-Louis Brunaux, Les Religions Gauloises, 2020 edition. - Jean-Louis Brunaux , A battle between Gauls in Picardy: The tropaion of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2017. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999. - Jannick Ricard, Representation of the warrior Gallic through the skeletal remains discovered in the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2014. 💬 The thesis of the anthropologist Jannick Ricard: it is a successful study of the bones discovered in Ribemont sur Ancre. - David-Stephen Rose, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, ritual practice, and northern Gallic sanctuaries from the third through first century BC, 2020. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. The site through discoveries Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme). Campaign of 1982, 1982. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. - Jean-Louis Cadoux and Patrice Lancelin, The ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre ( Somme), 1987. Jean-Louis Brunaux, The Celtic sanctuaries of Gournay-sur-Aronde and Ribemont-sur-Ancre, a new approach to Gallic religion, 1997. - Jean-Louis Brunaux, A monumental Celtic trophy at Ribemont sur Ancre , 1997. - Thierry Lejars, Celtic weapons in a particular religious context: the “mass grave” of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 1998. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., - Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999. - Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, The contribution of the ditches of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) to the chronology and interpretation of the site, 2000. ETC. All these are different sources about a single Celtic archaeological site in France from Ribemont sur Ancre, so you can imagine that compared to the numerous archaeological remains in France, they have a lot of works depending on the different archaeological sites ! You will find many others studies with the French archaeologist/historian RUclipsr, “Thomas Laurent” in most of the video descriptions or pinned comments ! He makes sometimes interventions in places with other colleagues, and interviews numerous historians who have dedicated themselves directly and extensively to research !
- Thibault Clauzel et al., Geographic origin and social status of the Gallic warriors from Ribemont‐sur‐Ancre (France) studied through isotope systematics of bone remains, 2022. Gilles Prilaux, Les Gaulois sans tête, 2023. 💬 The best popularization work existing to date, taking into account the latest isotopic results. Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, Men and gods in the Somme, 200 years ago, 2017. 💬 The work oscillates between popularization and scientific content. This is the most complete summary that exists to date (due to lack of publication of the site in due form). Please note, however, that the work is no longer up to date on certain points (see Clauzel et al. 2022). - Gérard Fercoq du Leslay et al., Evolution of Laténian ritual practices and their contexts: the case of the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 2019. Jean-Louis Brunaux, Les Religions Gauloises, 2020 edition. - Jean-Louis Brunaux , A battle between Gauls in Picardy: The tropaion of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2017. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999. - Jannick Ricard, Representation of the warrior Gallic through the skeletal remains discovered in the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2014. 💬 The thesis of the anthropologist Jannick Ricard: it is a successful study of the bones discovered in Ribemont sur Ancre. - David-Stephen Rose, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, ritual practice, and northern Gallic sanctuaries from the third through first century BC, 2020. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. The site through discoveries Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme). Campaign of 1982, 1982. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. - Jean-Louis Cadoux and Patrice Lancelin, The ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre ( Somme), 1987. Jean-Louis Brunaux, The Celtic sanctuaries of Gournay-sur-Aronde and Ribemont-sur-Ancre, a new approach to Gallic religion, 1997. - Jean-Louis Brunaux, A monumental Celtic trophy at Ribemont sur Ancre , 1997. - Thierry Lejars, Celtic weapons in a particular religious context: the “mass grave” of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 1998. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., - Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999. - Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, The contribution of the ditches of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) to the chronology and interpretation of the site, 2000. ETC. All these are different sources about a single Celtic archaeological site in France from Ribemont sur Ancre, so you can imagine that compared to the numerous archaeological remains in France, they have a lot of works depending on the different archaeological sites ! You will find many others studies with the French archaeologist/historian RUclipsr, “Thomas Laurent” in most of the video descriptions or pinned comments ! He makes sometimes interventions in places with other colleagues, and interviews numerous historians who have dedicated themselves directly and extensively to research ! @@southpaw1032
Brother could you make a video about Sliasthorp? The largest military viking city in northern germany unearthed in 2012? I cant find any videos about it. Would be great and highly appreciated. 🙏
I just love your channel!! My paternal grandmother moved to the States from Norway. My maternal side is from Russia. But they originally were from Germany and were paid to move to Russia to farm. I've gotten into plant medicines and spirituality in recent years. I'm extremely interested in the Sami (? spelling) shamans! I actually hadn't ever heard of them until the last few months! I need to do some research! Thanks so much for your work! Your passion shows!
Please read all of my description below: Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms? What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
Love your channel. My biological, younger brother has done very extensive genealogical ancestry research, all third party verified, and we are almost equally Germanic and Celtic (from rulers of Frankia and Gaul), and a hint of Saxon... And one branch can be traced back to Rollo. (But mostly Francia and Gaul.) I started out as a Norse Pagan, then started researching Proto-Indo European Spirituality and now lean more toward my Celtic roots. Although I have a great respect for Sami, and all the Indo-European branches of Spirituality. Before the genealogical research, I used to believe we had Native American ancestry as well, but the research actually proved there was far, far less than we thought.
My brother is a Mormon... I don't know what is possessing him, 😆, but it has given him access to their vast ancestry records, AND just as importantly, they are big on third party verification. I am NOT recommending you become a Mormon to gain access to their records. But I was genuinely surprised to see that our family tree traces back to Scottish kings, Frankish rulers, rulers of Gaul, Rollo (though there are millions who can), and even a trace of Roman ancestry. He was able to trace our ancestry back a lot farther than I would even imagined possible. As far back on some of the branches to around 900 AD, so far... It's insane!
In my region we still practice our pre-Christian beliefs, though it's definately a dying religion. In fact, I myself was born as a so-called "Wender", which could be best described as a sort of shaman. The word basically means "Changer" in the sense of "changing fate", which is a quiet rare or even unique theme amongst Germanic beliefs, since all other Germanic religions I am aware of all view destiny as something that even gods can't change. Another interesting fact is that it's basically the usual norse mythology, but from another perspective. The gods "Voda" and "Duna" are basically our version of Odin and Thor and they are the mortal enemies of our goddess Perchta, who is like Freya for the most part, but with a lot of features from Frigg and even Hel thrown into the mix. It is said that once there were two families of gods, one ruled over the sky and the other over the earth. The latter were close to all things alive and therefore they had the power to let the land flourish, they never suffered any droughts and always had plenty to eat. That's why the sky gods envied them and one day they started an attack, killing all of the earth gods in the process, except for one: Perchta had her realm way underground and the entrances to it were at the bottom of lakes and wells, that's why the sky gods were unable to find her. Enraged by this betrayal, Perchta froze the land, she let all crops die and put the animals to sleep in hidden caves, so that none of the sky gods would find anything edible in her people's domain. This was the first winter. Then she sent out her warriors, the "Schirchperchten", which came down from their mountain caves, fought off the famished sky gods and sent them back to their realm. After their victory, Perchta used her powers to revive the land again, which is now called spring. This is actually still practiced in the form of a tradition called "Perchtenlauf", you can look it up on RUclips, there's plenty of videos of that. It's basically the Perchten marching to war and us humans cheering for them. There's a second kind of Perchten, the "Schönperchten", which are much more human-like. Their task is to bless people's homes, so that no evil could take a hold in there. The reason why we still practice this tradition is because the sky gods weren't entirely defeated back then. Each year they come again in the form of the Wild Hunt in order to look for Perchta, but each year she defeats them the exact same way she did the first time. That's why we have changing seasons. :D Perchta is actually a very demanding goddess. You have to be very diligent (that's by far the most important thing) and also strong, intelligent and fearless in order to be accepted by her, for in the afterlife she will teach you basically everything until you're a master of all crafts. There are plenty of stories of Perchta testing her followers. If they failed her test, she would simply refuse to let their souls enter her realm, which means that the next time the Wild Hunt comes the sky gods will enslave their soul and drag them with them up into their domain. I mentioned that I was born as a Wender. To be precise, I was born under the sign of the crow, which means that according to our legends my tasks mostly revolve arround being a good advisor, especially in terms of finances and pathfinding, and also a caretaker for the dead. As an atheist, one of the few traditions I still practice (because my grandmother had asked me to keep doing it and I simply couldn't reject any of her requests ;D) is something called "Nachtwacht", or "nightwatch". Basically, there are a few nights during the year when war parties of the sky gods are making trouble here on earth, the so-called "Unruhenächte", which means "nights of turmoil" or "restless nights". My task as a Wender during those nights is to set up a campfire near a lake and stay awake until the sun comes up again. The reason behind this is that the campfire functions as a beacon for all the souls who are still waiting to be tested by Perchta, so through the light they can find the entrance to her realm. I own a little lake here right next to my house, so usually when it's time for me to hold the Nachtwacht we invite the neighbours and have a little gathering, where I'm telling the kids all those stories my grandparents had told me when I was young. There's hot punch, people bring along all kinds of sweet pastries and when everyone is gone I'm sitting there alone, keep the fire going and down a couple of beers. When the morning finally comes, my duty is done, my grandma and Perchta are happy and my wife is mad at me because I'm drunk and smelling like a burnt-out beer keg, just as tradition demands it. :
Where are you from? Do you think this is a preserved unbroken tradition or some kind of reconstruction? How many stories do you know? Is it written down? How similar is it to Norse myth? Where can I learn more? I'm also curious about Voda. Does he have two brothers like Vile and Ve? Do they fight either their own parents or a race of giants? Does he have a connection to a world tree and the creation of humanity? Did he replace a previous chief god like Tyr? Is there something like Ragnarök? Do you have a god like Tyr who lost his hand which is potentially related to him losing his status as chief god?
Heißt das , der Begriff für Vanir im Süden des deutschen Raums heißt "Perchten"? Was ist denn da bei euch der Name für die Himmelsgötter, wenn es einen gesonderten gibt? Wäre wissenswert, denn was wäre, wenn es im Deutschen Raum früher andere Begriffe für "Wanin" und "Asen" gegeben hätte und diese zwei nur im Endeffekt Nordizismen wären? Voda und Duna klingen schon so ein bisschen wie "Wotan" und "Donar" aber mit Bajuwarenmundart gesprochen :)
You’re the kind of lorekeeper anthropologists would fall all over themselves to start a book with. I imagine knowledge like this will get more and more scarce as the generations go on 💔
It is an incredibly emotional thing to me, knowing that the ancient hymns to our ancient gods are being revived after centuries of degradation by monotheism.
As an American I thank you for your teachings. Since I was a child European history has always captivated me and recently I’ve been invested on learning the ancient beliefs of pagans in Europe before Christianization and I’ll surely use more of your videos to help me along in learning :)
Can’t help but feel that it was a shame in Europe and the Middle East that we ended up with abrahimic religions taking over rather than the kind of integration seen in the east with the spread of buddhism where there was always an approach to combine practices rather than supplant them entirely. Personally I most associate with buddhism as a spiritual practice today as the fundamental principles seem so logical, but I always wonder what might have been if my Celtic ancestors had met Buddhists instead of Christians. It’s fascinating to look at Shinto in Japan which is such a lovely blend with the Japano/Han paganism migration to those islands, just a shame those Han pagans hunted down the Ainu fortunately not to extinction, but thats history such as it is.
Very informative. I been researching my heritage which is Northern Europe and Irish so I’m trying to find the closest religion that my ancestors used but it’s hard to pin point lol. This was interesting. Thanks
Lotta nationalists tryna revive these religions thru neopaganism. original pagan faiths died except sami. suspiciously too many nazis, especially in eastern europe, who also happen to adhere to neopaganism.
The original faiths did not die, they were kept alive through the customs and traditions. Also nothing wrong with nationalists trying to protect their country from the invasion we’re facing today
@@uptown_rider8078 Except it's a LARP and not accurate as many of the "traditions" were documented by Christian scholars with biases. Even the Sami, who this person mentioned, have been Christian for some time now. The only actual group in Europe with "pagan" beliefs that have existed and been popular among a significant portion of their population uninterrupted are the Mari in Russia, another Uralic speaking group related to the Sami and Finns. And this despite the conversion attempts from both Muslims and Orthodox Christians.
@@jokemon9547 It’s not “larp” to follow the traditions and customs of your ancestors. Many European communities kept their pagan traditions, especially rural communities. Even the “Christian” holidays that are celebrated are actually pagan in origin
@@uptown_rider8078 But those are not the same thing as was practiced before. Especially if the "reconstruction" is in part based on writings by Christians. And even with those traditions and customs, many of them synchronized with Christianity. They are ultimately far removed from the original practices. It is very similar to someone multiple generations removed from their original language and culture attempting to be that "again", both are laughable attempts to belong or seek an identity because the one you already have is not enough for whatever reason.
@@jokemon9547 That’s why it’s important to follow the original practices as our ancestors would have done. Not all the sources that we have about paganism are from Christianity, we have original writings, folk tales, customs, and oral traditions passed down through generations. In your example It’s not laughable that someone would want to reconnect with their original language and culture, that belongs to them, it’s who they are.
Regarding folk tales and paganism: there's a wonderful Montenegrin folk song called Sun's Sister and the Tyrant Pasha. One day, a Turkish pasha sends two servants to find a girl of unparalleled beauty he heard about to be his wife. They find her sitting on a silver chair by the stream; she is barefoot, her hair, arms and legs were golden. They reported it to pasha, and he gathered a wedding procession to go and take her. When she saw them she said: 'Praise the lord for his wonders! Has pasha turned mad? Who does he want to take as a wife, To take a sister of the Sun, Moon's niece, God sister of the Morningstar!' So she takes three golden apples and throws them up in the clouds, and three lightning bolts appeared. One killed pasha, the other his two younger brothers and the third one all 600 wedding guests. This shows you how important fairy tales and folk songs can be, because this song is clearly an older myth carried through time.
Great work, I was a pagan for a long time (converted to Christianity, how ironic), paganism is about following your own blood and not what is cool at the time P.SReally compliments for your work, you are like the people I miss from that time, people with knowledge. you don't sell nonsense
Dutch (by way of Frisian) maternal ancestry and paternal Germanic/Celt ancestry here. I’ve spent the most time looking into Norse Paganism but I’ve recently been trying to delve further into the practices of Frisia, which seems to be ancestrally Germanic, along with Danish infiltration which very well brought further Norse aspects; it historically seemed to be an area influenced highly by Danes. Is anyone Frisian/has a grasp of sources/research into Frisia that you deem vital to examine?
Interesting presentation. On Baltic folklore, traditions and archeology, please see Maria Gimbutas. I am pretty sure you missed the pagan beliefs from Romania as well as from many other parts of Europe, such as the Bascs.
Hi, love your videos and how in depth they are. A very interesting video idea you could do with the beliefs in Sicily, once being a huge part of greek culture and then ruled by many other cultures like the Romans, Arabs and Norman's. Would love to learn more as well, I hope you may take this subject. Thank you!
In my independent religious studies I'm finding a surprising amount of research culled by the Greeks about such a vast arrays of cultures. It's impressive how much they studied and documented.
My heritage is Polish, Poland's been Catholic since 966, looking forward to learning more about Slavic Paganism. Thank you.
Sadly there are only very few, and very thin sources which are nearly all secondary sources. Also most of modern slavic paganism is more based on modern interpretations and believes then actually sources. However, a lot of pagan traditions were converted into catholic traditions, burning of morenna and a lot of regional christmas traditions and rituals is rooted in paganism.
Славянское язычество это культ солнца. Ритуальный танец хоровод вокруг костра. Винок на голове как символ круга (солнца). Свастика на одежде.卐
Wouldn't the territory of modern day Poland have been more Germanic than Slavic?
@@arroe8386No. Slavs took the area a while ago. Germans only took the slavic Polabia/Sorbia and a bit of western Poland later
That is the issue, old slavic paganism and all the facts and ways of life around it have been almost completely lost as many of these slavic people did not write
On Baltic religion: Provided you speak Lithuanian or Latvian, the source material is actually very rich. There are certain neo pagan groups, like Romuva, who are trying to reconstruct religious practices of Baltic tradition that combine surviving oral tradition, archeology and myth reconstruction. The religious symbology in the baltic region is also very strong. I can recommend "Baltic scriptures and signs (Baltų raštai ir ženklai)" by Valdis Celms (only available in Latvian and Lithuanian) that depicts a pagan baltic world view through the symbology found on archeologiacal artifacts and traditions.
Thank you! The history and mythology of Baltic nations, including of those still existing - Latvian and Lithuanian - shouldn't be too difficult to access in 2024. We were the last pagans of Europe and we still hold on to our pagan roots and celebrate them. So feel free to visit and see for yourself (preferably around Midsummer).
The rigvedic sanskrit is very much related to baltic too. For ex the divonapat(ashvins) or ashvienei in Balto slavic are the horse twins in Hinduism. The god rudra or rude in English is also a god in Hinduism. The goddesses ushas and indrani are also found in rigvedic Hinduism. Not only that but the similarity b/w balto slavic and sanskrit who are more related to each other than swedish is to balto slavic is also very fascinating
The present-day languages of the Balts and Slavs are completely different from their Ancestors @@rtavan
@@Forward_comrades Your point being. That vedic people and balto slavs are not related. Well if that's your point then why are all slavic languages related to Vedic Sanskrit. If the balto slavic languages have been changed so then why do these other languages show similarities with vedic sanskrit.
@@Forward_comrades Or if your point is that everyone spoke Germanic then that's silly. Not even Greek or tocharian sound Germanic.
As a Roman Italian for generations, I say thank you. Thank you because the concept is finally arriving that all ancient European divinities and traditions (not just Nordic) come from a single linguistic family which was the Indo-European one. Odin, Zeus, Jupiter are all the corresponding fathers of the gods of the Scandinavian, Greek and Roman world, but all with different native characteristics. It's time we Europeans start understanding who we really are, where we come from, we've waited too long, too many wars have passed, too many brothers have died. The Indo-Europeans are the key to exiting this nihilistic world.
Agreed 💯
I have thousands of books on every group
Proto Indo European language and kinship
Everything
Most Epub
Some PDF
Let me know
As a Greek i agree cousin!
@@hollynonya6991Can you please tell me something (or giving me sources) about the roman religion before Christianity? I'm Italian
@@jhonnydiamond give me your Email
There's another non-Indo-European cultural group whose pagan beliefs you didn't address, which are the Basques. It would have been cool for you to address some of their cultural belief systems as well. Personally I am mostly of Norse and Germanic background, which is why I watch almost every video you do. Thanks Again for another great one!
The Basques are surviving Atlanteans, at least that is what they claim themselves. Very interesting indeed.
Exactly! The Basques were the last Iberian pagans, some small pocket communities survived until the 16th century.
There had been more disocveries on the Basques recently like the Hand of *Irulegi* which shows an ancient native Basque writing
Irish are basques from northern Spain technology dna bones they found all over Ireland oldest dna that irish people still have today
That would a whole nother video
You would ha e to do Sicily, And ma y other groups you have kept more of the Agricultural beliefs
But it would be interesting
@@audreyroche9490 Early European Farmer?
What a video. The content that you put out now has grown so much since I found this channel. I also like the subtitle’s. Well done 👍🏻
I would like to add a bit about Slavic paganism. The amount of written primary sources is actually quite extensive once you look into it. For once there are chronicles made by Christians like Chronica Slavorum by Adam of Bremen, Chronicles of Widukind, Thietmar, and Saxo Gramaticus, and finally, Norse Sagas as well provide us with insights about Slavic beliefs.
Pagan means Non Christian so, any Christian accounts of pagan beliefs are going to have a pretty strong bias.
@__@ I just wrote a comment stating that there are too few sources on Slavic paganism, I never even heard of any you mentioned. I wish I could read them.
@@Kitten_Maru why dont you just call it Aryan religion? Pagan is not a religion
@@Kitten_Maru Slavic is where the word slave comes from
which is a joo
@@Kitten_Maru Pagan only means
NON CHRISTIAN
There is no such thing as Pagan-ism
Stoked you're going to delve more into the Celtic. As someone from North East England, living in Scotland and genetically Scottish, Northern English, Norwegian and Swedish I've been very keen in the Norse paganism for some time and now going further into Celtic. I figure, learn and enjoy both heritages and continue to grow me beliefs from then 🤷
Scotland is not Celtic, it is Caledonian. There is no historical relationship between Celts and Scotland.
@@jboss1073The Picts are, based on genetic and archeological evidence, believed to have been most closely related to the south Britons, and the Scots (from whom the name of the modern nation comes) were Gaelic. Ie, it was _predominantly_ Celtic.
@@NevisYsbryd The first person to marry the names "Celtic" and "Gaelic" was George Buchanan in 1582. He did so only linguistically, and because, according to him, the Celtici of Spain brought those languages to Scotland and Ireland.
Hence it should be noted it is only modernly (starting from 1582) and not historically that there is any association between Celtic and Gaelic - and from 1582 onwards the association was meant to be purely linguistic and academic, not in any way ancestrally or historically.
@@NevisYsbrydThat is the way I heard it too.
@@jboss1073 You could just as well expand that logic to the entirety of the Insular Celts. It was a foreign umbrella term that refers to a very loosely collected diaspora.
Again, what genetic evidence we have indicates that the Picts (the predominant ethnic group of the pre-Roman Caledonians) were closely related to their Briton neighbors to the south, albeit different enough in genetics and material culture to be distinct. While the evidence _is_ fairly limited, what we have points to them being an Insular Celtic people.
As far as the Gaels... they have a thoroughly Celtic pantheon, stories, and Celtic is not one specific group genetically _or_ culturally but an umbrella category of loosely related groups with genetic and cultural overlap. While their genetic admixture with the Celtic immigrants was much lower than their rate of cultural adoption, especially compared to the Britons, at that point, you have to determine where to draw hard distinctions in the interplay of genetic ratios, language, culture, identity, etc, which is a mess, and 'Celt' is a linguistic-cultural category first and foremost to begin with and a genetic one second. While you can argue it more appropriate to draw harder lines, especially at genetic emphasis... at that point, the entire umbrella category and how the Celts themselves understood it collapses. It was nuclei with radial diffusions of a category, not one hard, clean, geographical and genetic boundary.
Celtic pagan here, half Irish half English. It is difficult to find reliable sources on this. My dad was pagan but told me it is an independent journey and it was my responsibility to explore my beliefs. He didn’t want to force any religion upon me.
Your father knew the basic rule that faith has no missionaries and no holy books and no closed temples becauseBecause faith ends when you identify with god Because holiness lies wherever life manifests, and your relationship with life determines the future of all of us Not churches, not palaces, not houses or modern technologies and how strange it would not sound not men
Thank you for this video. It covers so much. My Husband's family is Finnish, and I am Norwegian/Welsh. Trying to find the parts that are similar and what is vastly different between the three to give my kids some of their history. This helps
For the record, there are excellent Indo-European religious-historical studies by Schwerpunkt that I strongly recommend
Please read all of my description below:
Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms?
What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
Thats great thanks
The Indo-European / Proto-Indo-European , used to be called Aryan
the word was changed, fyi
The world was said to be ruled by the Aryans, in the age of Aries the Ram
2000 BCE to 0
so, most of it took place when Europa was a deity , before Europe existed as a state
Hi! Pre-medieval finnish history is very hard to come by. I love that you include us in the picture in your videos! Love from Finland 🇫🇮 ❤
You should check out a book called Ukko, The God of Thunder by Unto Salo University of Turku
Because the Finns sang their history. The Kalevala was based on folk songs and stories, many from Karelia where the traditional spiritual songs are still sung.
I'm very much interested in learning more about the Finnish history and traditions - please do assist me with suggestions of sources I can learn from.
Thank you so much for putting out such awesome content on the history and heritage of our ancestors. I found your channel yesterday and have been glued to it since.
”Irish in Finland” and ”Anttimation” RUclips channels have some nice quick videos in english packed with interesting info
They Talk is good. If you speak Finnish some regular Finnish youtubers such as Ville Mäkipelto, Finntop5 and ZoneVD sometimes make videos about Finnish mythology. Jacob Toddson has few videos on Finnish beliefs. And afore mentioned Antti Palosaari and Irish in Finland are excellent.
Depends on what kind of traditions you want to learn. There are communities in Finland that practice religion and/ or inform about the traditions.
Fins come from the Phoenicians
Irish Jews as well
Aryans
My Polish grandfather used to tell me about the tree worshippers, he also told me about the Kalevala although I’d already read about it. I also had a connection to welsh lore and customs from my paternal grandfathers side. Great Britain had a bardic culture although people were generally part of a church somewhere. Poetry is the language and tradition of the Bard, the many stanzas and rhymes of ancient times.
What country are you from
@@tigerland4328 I’m second, third, fourth, and fifth generation American . No one in this country before 1830.
@@stanleywilliams4429 that's great. As an Englishman I can say we do see a kinship between ourselves and Americans and Canadians(well not all lol).
For the record, there are a lot of people who have Germanic ancestry. This is especially true in the US, English and German ancestry being the two largest groups. So, it may appear to be the "cool" pagan religion to follow because it is also the native religion of a significant amount of people. US culture is also disproportionately represented online.
Yeah online and media would make you think that people of color are the main population. Although 94% of new job’s were filled by minorities and people of color. So they are actively trying to change it.
I thought Hispanic/Latino ancestry was predominant in the US?
@@triumph.over.shipwreck Latino ancestry is broken down by nationality. A cuban is not the same as a mexican, just the same as a norweigen is not the same as a swedish person. Even then, if you count anyone of germanic decent as such, they definitely outnumber latino ancestry.
@@lumenox8541 I have never seen any US census data that uses nationality instead of race/ethnicity like you're claiming. Can you provide a link?
@@triumph.over.shipwreck Census only uses race and ethnicity, other studies use nationality and ethnicity. Latino is a census designation, not a race, ethnicity, or nationality.
My ancestors were Germanic and Slavic. I find it so intriguing and fulfilling to learn about the deep rooted beliefs of my ancestors.
My late grandmother (Ukrainian) was deeply religious. She went to church, she prayed, she preached, everything. BUT! At the same time she carried a lot of Slavic pagan traditions. She deeply believed in Domovyk and Lisovyk (spirit of the house and of the forest respectively) and even taught me how to appease them and how to interprete their actions. Once my parents bought a new house, she insisted on leaving bread and candy in the attic as some kind of sactrifice to the Domovyk (she didn't call it a sacrifice, she called it a gift). She told me stories of her own and her friends experiences with the supernatural. She also kept traditions, like the first person who enters your home after (old) new year must be a man, so her village sent young boys early in the morning to visit houses and the owners of the houses treated them with candies - and if it would happen that a woman wanted to visit her first, she would not open the door, until one of the boys visited her. And there were a lot of such things, stories, traditions, beliefs she held, while again, she was a devout Christian woman. And she wasn't alone - I think it would be hard to find a religious Ukrainian who doesn't incorporate pagan beliefs in his religion.
Sometimes I feel a desire to write about it, but then I'm afraid I don't have enough knowledge to tell it accurately.
And while we do have a lot of pagan elements in our everyday life, somehow almost all Slavic mythology is lost.
I wanted to thank you for all the time you put into these videos.
Dear fellow Europeans, I love y'all. I love my people eternally! The amount of self-love that's growing among our natives is wonderful to watch.
Self-love is fine, supremacism isn't. That's really just how it works.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest
No one said anything about supremacy, except you. And still, I don't care how its interpreted. Don't be so sensitive. Most foreign cultures admire Europeans for a reason.
@@Mr.Skeleton. yes it was me, I said it and because it's usually connected. When people start being TOO proud of their people then they start thinking theirs are superior and should run things.
Doesn't matter what group of people we're talking about either my dude.
I'm 1/3 Danish and Swedish ancestry, it's not like I don't appreciate my people.
Just don't take it too far, nothing wrong with appreciating and loving your people. I love our people too.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest Dude we live in a time where we are becoming minorities in our own countries and are being dehumanized in the media, do you think the J's managed to survive so long because they were humble about themselves? No they even have the supremacy aspect in their religious text, the Talmud states claerly, that all none J's, gentiles, are nothing more than cattle. All other ethnicities practise supremacy when they manage to become majorities, even genocidally. What other ethnicities did would make the myths about mustache man sound like a joke.
Plus our achievements are truely great, we reached the pinnacle and only crumble because of our own weakness.
Its nice that you love our people, but we are not in a position to be pacifist, pragmatically we need to be a bit extreme about our self love right now, it amy not be pretty but its vital.
I get it, most of us love Lord of the RIngs, but we have to think more like Dune right now.
@@GoldenEmperor5Manifest Exactly. These people proclaiming pride in Europe (lol) are often ignorant to the idea one can like where they come from without DISLIKING where others come from.
It's funny that they call themselves my brothers too. As a portuguese whose family has been living for generations in this "european" land....I have no time for this nationalistic, tribalistic bs. I like my country and cultuure, but I'm not PROUD of it, specially not if that inherently means not appreciating other cultures.
As someone with Slavic blood, I appreciate your mini dive into Slavic paganism. I hope you do another video on it! ♥
as a fan of slavic linguas i love u slavs
@@dysprosiumdead5078thank you!
Its called Aryan culture. Look that up?
Where are you from? You should know that many Slavic speaking nations don't have Slavic blood and there are nations like Hungarians that are Slavs despite they don't speak a Slavic language anymore.
thats crazy. sarmatism much?
@@tongobong1
Hi, can someone tell me what the fifth symbol down from the top on the column located toward the right half of the image at 22:27 is.
I have had this tattooed on me since childhood. It was there before i was adopted. Noone has ever been able to shed light on it pr what it means. Although very faded in color it is still complete and surprisingly has not mis shapend as i grew up.
I had always assumed it was an asian symbol. I have asked chinese ,japanese, korean, and pacific ilander friends at different points and nobody has ever been able to identify the sympbol/word/letter.
This is the 1st time i have ever seen the symbol anywhere but on my body! So needless to say im very interested. I took a dna test a couple of years ago which showed i am Scandinavian genetically. Which makes it even more interesting and maybe less weird....
I would be super greatfull if somebody could fill me in or point me in the right direction as to what it is or represents. I always figured it was a word or might be a letter to a word that wasn't finished. Friends have theorized it might be some kind of sigil.
To be clear im refering to the symobol that looks like an upside down capital letter T with two crossing lines.
Thanks
I can't help you, but I wish tou good luck. And hope my answer make you comment more visible!
Lol. Norse/Germanic, Celtic, Meso America & North American Indigenous, no wonder I can't find the right group 😅
In the end, we all must pick one. Or others will pick for you.
Nature is god, you don't have to pick one
Read the book “Not In His Image”. Please.
Just from what you said here I can tell this book is perfect for you👍🏻It will guide you towards your proper path, along with the countless lectures you can find online from the author. He actually talks about Meso American wisdom, North American wisdom, Celtic, Greek & Roman wisdom and mythology etc in his own revived version of the ancient Mystery Schools. Our own paths aren’t necessary strictly tied to a specific ethno-spirituality, and if someone is of mixed heritage this is especially less so👌🏻You have freedom to taste more schools of thought in the shoes that you wear🍻
@@dragonofhatefulretribution9041 thank you.
It's all love
I'm mostly Sami/ Finn and would
Love to learn more about that. Thank you for the work you do. ❤
You should read Lapponia, very good source, even if aged and maybe somewhat exaggerated
Finnish and Sami faith is ancestral worship faiths.
Karhu, god of beasts, is a human named Karhu Vepsäläinen. A man who lived.
Kalma is goddess of rot and decay, yet she was human named Nga, founder of Nganasa people.
Nganasa means people of Nga.
Tuoni, goddess of death, the patron of the living dead, Nenets of northern coasts.
Lemminkäinen, Väinämöinen, Tapiolainen, all of these three refer to a god and and people, ingrians, kven and tavastians respectively.
Ukko comes from Ugu, and is the god of skies of mordva. Akka is his wife and goddess of earth, by name of ezrya the siblings of mordva.
From land of living to the sea of death, from sarajan shores to Tuonen river, from Tytti of wisdom trough Tuonetar's birth, lies beyond known as Pohjola, island covered in ice, now called novaya zelmya by russians.
And then there are Finns and Sami, children of Norri and Korri, brothers who are grandsons of Väinämöinen.
I can add something as a Russian with possibly some Udmurt (Finno-Ugric) blood.
There’s a similar belief among Finns and Udmurts/Russians of Udmurtia. Saunatonttu (sauna elf). My mom refers to it as “banya grandpa”, some elf-like old man living behind the kiuas.
I’d say this belief is still alive, when i was just a few years of age, my mom would take me to banya/sauna and speak to the elf, asking him to take away my ailments when I had some little cold or a flu.
@@nikolaisedov2295 I hear of udmurt for first time and I am happy to learn about more peeps. Udmurt has to have intresting meaning for spirits themselves collectively name of murt as far as I found out.
@@nikolaisedov2295 "Kuuttilan pojat lapset Komin"
"Udmurts children of komiyach"
EY I found your folk.
It breaks my heart that there aren’t more comprehensive sources, especially first hand sources, on the Celts. I have Irish ancestry and I’m always trying to learn more about my ancestors!
I totally agree with your opinion about fairytales and legends- these are things that were passed on from generation to generation!
Hey brother, big fan of the channel, love the shout out for us trying to rebuild/reclaim the Celtic faith. I've been in training as a Celtic Reconstructionist for 6 years and would love to chat about my studies to give you a starting point if you plan to explore more.
Fellow Celtic reconstructionist. I'm interested to hear about your studies.
I’m very interested in Celtic paganism and pagan religion in general but my ancestry is primarily Celtic/germanic and I feel especially connected to the Celtic cultures. That said I’m a tradesman from Mississippi raised Methodist Christian and have no idea where to start with my pagan leanings. I desire a sense of spiritual connection that links me to my ancestors and the divinity of the natural world and I believe that if the Christian god is the guy most of my neighbors pray to demanding total submission and reverence but unwilling or unable to do his job then he’s not someone I can revere. So I guess any advice on the right direction to start would be appreciated
I'm very interested to learn about celtic reconstructionism
I'd love to hear more about sami/finn!😊 I am Finnish myself and haven't really found information of these
Kal tot pottâ máttát pääččiđ.
Old books has it, you wont google your way to the truth about anything in the nordic
Fin land connects to Phoenician
Thank you! I truly appreciated this. I have Slavic heritage and would love more content about Slavic paganism if you wished to do another video.
Fun Fact: About the Vikings and the Scandinavian People, there is a group in Brazil and, as in other countries in North America and Europe, the acronym is "SNOW". "Viking and Scandinavian Studies Center" helps a lot and the research, classes and examples are sensational...
And about the Video, honestly, very good!
Your vids are so informative. I’m obsessed with this stuff too but haven’t had time to read anything so your vids have been a good substitute.
As a Greek atheist i have to admit that paganist religions of European nations are our heritage
Such a nice video! A lot of things to learn. Thank you
In Spain and Portugal there’s a growing interest to return to the religious beliefs of our Celtic and Germanic ancestors, and I’m happy to see our people reclaiming our native faith
Glad to hear that. My dad is Colombian and on his side I’m Spanish and Musica or Chipchow (indigenous to Bogota Colombia). I’ve wanted to learn more about the Spanish pagans for a while now.
Connecting to our Celtiberian religion makes sense, but the visigoths were a ruling elite in Iberia, did not leave a significant genetic impact.
You keep showing up in videos and talking as if you're Portuguese or Spanish. You're not, you're an American. So don't speak like you're one of us on topics you know nothing about and have no connection to aside from some romanticised view
@@LaTierraNueva19 The Suebi left more of a genetic impact than the Visigoths
@@uptown_rider8078 Definitivamente. But it’s still residual. From what I have seen, Iberians are still Iron Age descended people(Celtiberian) with residual Italic, Germanic and Middle eastern traces. Iberians unlike most other Europeans which have migrated or suffered great migrations from neighboring countries(Germans vary from East to west genetically), can trace all their line to Iberia, as Rome and the Moorish occupation are the only two instances were foreigners attempted to colonize it.
Albanian paganism missing... as a matter of fact,a few albanian high landers still practice paganism in north and south of albania
I cant remember which article it was but there was many years ago a paper about albanian(illyrian) paganism which was apparently still practiced (in very small numbers) until 1000 AD.
Albanians in fact are illyrians, our cousins, don't you workship 12 gods too?
Albanians are not europeans so they don't belong on this list
Im from the north shore of Lake superior. Thunder Bay. Canada. We have the largest Finn community out side of finnland. As well a very large Scandinavian heritage. My mothers parents come from Norway ❤😊
Surprise! I'm also in Thunder Bay, and am ~49.6% Finnish (took a genetics test). Nice to see other folks like yourself appear on channels like this! Kippis!
Thats a very good video!! I like that your approach explains that the problems about perseuctions or vindicative beleivers dont come from the beleif system itself but civilization behind it.
I would love more infos about Baltic Religion!
Even the Poetic Edda is a secondary source, even though it may have been an oral tradition extending back to Norse Pagans, because it was actually put to paper by Christians 200 years after the fact. Name a single literary primary source on Norse Paganism? The reconstructionism vs. personal gnosis debate has a lot more going on in it than "respectable scholars" vs. "people making stuff up." If you actually believe in the Norse pantheon, the spirits and deities themselves seem like potentially a much better source than Christian and Roman reports on Germanic paganism
Would love to hear more on the Celts!! Thankyou
I practice the Vedic Religion. Thanks for the video! ☀It was interesting to watch!
most definitely Aryan
Im glad you metioned it though
the Vedic Traditions migrated to India from Iran
land of Aryans
@@je-freenorman7787No
I come from Norse gales of orkney/Dublin, and from Anglo Saxon of south west England, and Anglo/ Danish of south eastern England, and of course Norman.
It is the Norse part of me that has always called to me!
Or maybe its the god
@numinouslytinged no, I haven't... But, I will look into it.
@@markusluoma7991 call it what you will... It may be... I only know that I feel a strong pull, since I was young!
@pixiebosniak I am actually from Texas, but my ancestry is from the places mentioned
@@texan5196 if you look for more info, try Norse-Gael. I'm not b----ing about your spelling, I'm just saying it to be helpful bc you feel that pull. And maybe it is your ancestors 🤷😁 telling me to say it, who knows? Lol. But that'll get you better sources, so, why not. 🤙
I can confirm that a lot of Slavic pagan traditions have lived on in Christianity, a lot of our saints even are basically just reskins of the old Slavic gods.
Is there a way to get a copy of that map you had which lays out all the different cultures and their geographic locations?
This was an excellent over view. 👏 Well done !
Thanks very much for this, great stuff. I'd love to hear more about the Sami/Finn material, especially more about the magic system. Fascinating that that was practiced amongst/by women.
Hi do you think that paganism an introduction to earth-centred religions is worth reading when starting out researching/finding your place /focus in paganism? I have Celtic roots interested in that. Any book recommendations? Thanks
Joyce and River Higginbotham are the authors of
This is a genuine question from someone trying to find their spirituality. I was born Southern Baptist, and the vast majority of my family is such. When i was a teenager, I broke away from Christianity as a whole. For a while, I considered myself an atheist, but then, after a couple years i started looking into as many religions as I could because I wanted spirituality in my life. Admittedly, I am very interested in Norse Paganism but it's also probably true that that's a result of it being more popular and thus getting more exposure to it. Ancestrally, I'm Irish, German, and Polish mostly, but I am unsure as to what direction that leads me in. I am looking to learn as much as I can about Celtic Paganism as, for lack of a better term, that feels the most right for me, but I have an interest in Paganism as a whole and, to an extent, always have. Simply put, I don't know where to look, what is reliable, or what the pagan beliefs of my different ancestors are. If anyone has some pointers, I would be very appreciative.
well most americans are a mix of different european nationalities. Look up Irish mythology as its the best preserved out of all the celtic pagan religions. there are irish people in their 80s today who believe they have seen the banshee. The Tuatha de danaan were a supernatural race that inhabited ireland, although in reality they believe they were the people who came to ireland from the north during doggerland and gave the irish their red hair. there is a pantheon of gods and godesses who are members of the tuatha de danaan. if you google irish mythology or irish gods and godessess, they all have stories attatched to them.
The Sami, please. I have a hard time finding reliable sources. I am sure it is my error but sources are appreciated. Thank you! Awesome video. 👍
One of the aspects I find most interesting about Indo-European pagan beliefs is that I study language, and we can trace a lot of the names of Proto-Indo-European gods to the European pagan ones.
Such as how the name of the sky god in PIE was Dyēu(s) Pāter, or in some cases Dēu(s) Pāter. Dēus is where Zeus comes from, and Dēupater gives us Jupiter. Another is the earth goddess, Dhēa Mēter, which is where Greek gets Demeter.
Djou pater not deupater. Dheghom mater bot Dhea mater
Tiw/tiwaz (Tu/Tue as in Tuesday in modern english)
What's also cool is that this word for the sky father is also cognate with the word day. The sky father is the representation of the daylight/day sky.
Diety/day.
Slavic paganism is very animistic. The soul of it remains still. I personally believe the best way to study is to read reports on folk traditions and beliefs, and for this we have quite good sources. It's easy to observe in traditional villages, rituals regarding nature and the cycle of it, holidays, sayings etc. I don't know how much of it is translated but you do have to be born there and grow in certain places for it to be ingrained and natural to you. Especially with your local land. It's most often looked down, ridiculed and pushed into obscurity. I don't think you can reform into any paganism without intimate connection to it, so at this point only older, poorer regions and villages. It's seen and felt everyday even with mundane things like going to harvest herbs or mushrooms. The thought often is that the forest gives it to you, "the forest was generous today". I have thousands of examples of animistic thinking alive today, but I'm fortunate to have a large family with vast knowledge and remembrance of the past, as it's all poor village people and farmers till one or two generation ago. That's where traditions live the longest. People have been made ashamed of their heritage and culture, dialects that they just want to change and be modern, better. Very sad. But there is a small, growing numbers of pagans and resurgance movements
Finnish god Ukko ylijumala god of the sky, lightning, thunder and harvest. Ukko has weapon called Ukon vasara Ukko's hammer, does that saund similar to some nother god?🤔 Väinämöinen is epic hero in kalevala, he is old wise man that is wizard and poet, does that sound similar?????
Thanks! Really want to get more good info about Celtic practices and beliefs.
I am from greece and I've taken a dna test and found that I have 27% norse dna! So excited!
There's also Tengrism and Hungarian paganism which were quite prevalent in Eastern Europe and although they're different both have monotheistic traits with one supreme God and other Gods in charge of various things like war, prosperity and protection. The "shamans" were also healers in large part.
For Celtic Paganism: look into Iberian Folk traditions. Most of them are Celtic and we still have celtic ruins. :) I'm not a full practitioner since it's different from Portuguese Folk but there's many correlations. There's also a book called Celtic Mythology.
Like what tradition?
French from mother's side with german and polish origins from father's side here (most of my family is from lands that belonged to the Lorraine duchy, west part and champagne-ardennes mostly my mother's side and west side with alsace and small piece of west/south west germany is my father's side) and and and i can't decide between celtic and german/norse paganism but slavic is interesting too.😅
Appreciate this video, thank you 🙏🏼
Thank you SOOO MUCH for this VERY INTERESTING, VALUABLE & INFORMATIVE video!
You can honestly put Greek, Celtic and Germanic paganism with the Iberian peninsula (Spain) since the real native people who lived in the peninsula was Celtic like the Celtiberians and Arevaci. And then later on when the Greeks settled in they brought their own gods which the locals and the Greeks themselves started to invoke and integrate into their culture. And with the Germanic side we can thank the goths or the Visigoths, despite them not having that much of an impact like the others the fact that they were there and ruled says a lot and everything we need to know.
And roman
Curious? Seen some place my last name comes from somewhere between england and Norway or even Norway in an older source? Hofdasegle. My Hadsel ancestry comes supposed from same said island in Nordland Halogaland. What does Hofdasegle mean or is it even a word? My ancestors left Norway around 1000 a.d.
Great video. I'm a Celtic pagan of a Welsh background and I can say that it is true that the sources are limited due to the fact that the Celts themselves never wrote anything down, and that they were Christianised at more or less the same time as Mediterranean peoples. Despite that, there is a rich literary and poetic heritage to be found in Ireland and Wales which can tell us a lot about the myths and beliefs of our ancestors. Thanks to archaeology, linguistics and etymology in particular we can deduce what's more reliable than other sources by comparing them across all of the different places that the Celts historically called home.
A quick word of caution for those looking into their Slavic heritage and paganism. The modern pan-Slavic symbol of the Kolovrat is NOT an ancient slavic pagan symbol. It never showed up until the early 1900s when an artist made it up in a drawing in 1923.
The Thunder Cross? I'm pretty sure it showed up on Mjolnir a couple of times in paintings
Please read all of my description below:
Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms?
What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
For those who can understand Polish and Read Polish
this site - audio books @ Ancient Polish Customs, Culture, Religion, Mythology, Superstitions
-
Bez Chaosowania - You Tube
@@taylorfusher2997 Angreboda, Skol and Hati? A kenning
You say that, but the symbol appears in artwork, architecture on buildings, on old Rus coins there was a kolovrat/swastika
Hey! I’ve noticed on 19:30 you show what seems to be the Garni Temple located in Armenia. If so, it doesn’t really have much to do with Baltic paganism, but rather Greco-Roman. "easternmost building of the Graeco-Roman world", Wikipedia states.
Abrahamic religions make me sad. 😢
As a Swede with partly Sami background this was super interesting! Where can I find these official texts from the Sami stories? I do not want to search it up and end up reading about stuff that is not true.
I love this channel ⛵️✨️🌌
Great video and thank you for your kind words about Slavic religion
Being Slavic myself (Caucasus region) I can honestly say that most of the Slavic Pagan “revivals” happened in the last 30-40 years and based on folklore. I am sure you know that pagan artifacts have been mercilessly destroyed and in this case, Slavs are a lot more brutal and superstitious than Nordic people.
Slav, where the word slave comes from.
Are you familiar with the Aryan culture?
@@je-freenorman7787 I am more than familiar with it. And yes, I do know where the word “Slave” comes from. And your point/argument is? If you’re pointing out “slave” mentality of Slavic people, you would be correct. Although you may want to recall that to middle eastern people, Rus and Norse were the same exact group of people. 🤷🏻♂️
@@je-freenorman7787 Is the joke here that Aryan means "slave" in some languages?
@@MrSamulai what languages?
@@je-freenorman7787 Apparently not.
Finnic languages, like finnish and estonian.
I'm glad that so many people are finding a connection to the divine. I myself am German with some eastern European parts, but I have become a Christian after long soul searching, not evangelizing don't worry, just trying to introduce myself. I believe all religions that don't outright preach violence against people for their beliefs are in some way touched by the divine spark for me one story resonated and for someone else another. What matters is that we find something greater than ourselves that in the end connects us and makes us aware of the intricate connection we as a people have to each other and the divine. It's why I never really stopped looking into the developments of the pagan communities as it still fascinates me although I never felt the same pull I now feel with my chosen path and btw. It is chosen as I grew up an atheist.
Thank you very much for another great video. As a Dutchman I feel a bond with my Germanic ancestors the Frisia and regret that our religion has been cancelled by Christianity which is an Arabic religion. Therefore I would appreciatie it if you would refrain from calling our wonderful indo-European religions pagan. Calling non Christian religions pagan is pure Christian propaganda. All global religions are based on myths and beliefs and should be treated with respect and equality. Just because Christianity has been forced upon our great Germanic ancestors doesn’t mean it’s superior and the only true religion.
Nederland en andere europeanen waren vroeger heel spiritueel net als indianen enzo. Heel dicht bij de natuur. Maar dat is helaas al honderden jaren niet meer zo.
Great work, thank you. Can you make video about Finns magick rituals?
Blessings to reader!🕊🙏💜
thats Phoenician magic
Druids and He-brews lol
Another great video.
Having so little on Celtic paganism hurts the most.
I think that filling gaps with contemporary knowledge is the way forward.
There’s a channel called Fortress of Lugh that covers Celtic Paganism. There’s a decent bit of Irish and Welsh folklore, the problem is really the biases of the authors.
@@lowlandnobleman6746 ok I will go and check it out, thanks
its all Irish
What we know of the Gallo-Roman religion can tell us quite a bit about what sort of deities the Gauls and Britons venerated the most. But yeah beyond that it's slim pickings. We get the rest from very Christianized medieval Insular Celtic folklore, FWIW.
@@c-rex First of all, Religion is religion.
maybe stop trying to divide everything into smaller groups?
I'm looking into celtic paganism, culture and history, but not really sure where to get good sources, any help would be appreciated
Honestly, I advise you to read the archaeological research which is mainly done in France given the numerous archaeological sites there, you will be better able to know the little that we know of this people.
If you know read, and understand fluent French, I have a plethora of studies (or video historian/archaeologist) to advise you !
@@oanagony while I don't speak French, I would still deeply appreciate it
@@southpaw1032
- Thibault Clauzel et al., Geographic origin and social status of the Gallic warriors from Ribemont‐sur‐Ancre (France) studied through isotope systematics of bone remains, 2022. Gilles Prilaux, Les Gaulois sans tête, 2023.
💬 The best popularization work existing to date, taking into account the latest isotopic results. Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, Men and gods in the Somme, 200 years ago, 2017.
💬 The work oscillates between popularization and scientific content. This is the most complete summary that exists to date (due to lack of publication of the site in due form). Please note, however, that the work is no longer up to date on certain points (see Clauzel et al. 2022).
- Gérard Fercoq du Leslay et al., Evolution of Laténian ritual practices and their contexts: the case of the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 2019.
Jean-Louis Brunaux, Les Religions Gauloises, 2020 edition.
- Jean-Louis Brunaux , A battle between Gauls in Picardy: The tropaion of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2017.
Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999.
- Jannick Ricard, Representation of the warrior Gallic through the skeletal remains discovered in the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2014.
💬 The thesis of the anthropologist Jannick Ricard: it is a successful study of the bones discovered in Ribemont sur Ancre.
- David-Stephen Rose, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, ritual practice, and northern Gallic sanctuaries from the third through first century BC, 2020. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. The site through discoveries Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme). Campaign of 1982, 1982. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984.
- Jean-Louis Cadoux and Patrice Lancelin, The ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre ( Somme), 1987. Jean-Louis Brunaux, The Celtic sanctuaries of Gournay-sur-Aronde and Ribemont-sur-Ancre, a new approach to Gallic religion, 1997.
- Jean-Louis Brunaux, A monumental Celtic trophy at Ribemont sur Ancre , 1997.
- Thierry Lejars, Celtic weapons in a particular religious context: the “mass grave” of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 1998. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al.,
- Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999.
- Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, The contribution of the ditches of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) to the chronology and interpretation of the site, 2000.
ETC. All these are different sources about a single Celtic archaeological site in France from Ribemont sur Ancre, so you can imagine that compared to the numerous archaeological remains in France, they have a lot of works depending on the different archaeological sites !
You will find many others studies with the French archaeologist/historian RUclipsr, “Thomas Laurent” in most of the video descriptions or pinned comments ! He makes sometimes interventions in places with other colleagues, and interviews numerous historians who have dedicated themselves directly and extensively to research !
- Thibault Clauzel et al., Geographic origin and social status of the Gallic warriors from Ribemont‐sur‐Ancre (France) studied through isotope systematics of bone remains, 2022. Gilles Prilaux, Les Gaulois sans tête, 2023.
💬 The best popularization work existing to date, taking into account the latest isotopic results. Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, Men and gods in the Somme, 200 years ago, 2017.
💬 The work oscillates between popularization and scientific content. This is the most complete summary that exists to date (due to lack of publication of the site in due form). Please note, however, that the work is no longer up to date on certain points (see Clauzel et al. 2022).
- Gérard Fercoq du Leslay et al., Evolution of Laténian ritual practices and their contexts: the case of the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 2019.
Jean-Louis Brunaux, Les Religions Gauloises, 2020 edition.
- Jean-Louis Brunaux , A battle between Gauls in Picardy: The tropaion of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2017.
Jean-Louis Brunaux et al., Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999.
- Jannick Ricard, Representation of the warrior Gallic through the skeletal remains discovered in the sanctuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre, 2014.
💬 The thesis of the anthropologist Jannick Ricard: it is a successful study of the bones discovered in Ribemont sur Ancre.
- David-Stephen Rose, Ribemont-sur-Ancre, ritual practice, and northern Gallic sanctuaries from the third through first century BC, 2020. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984. The site through discoveries Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme). Campaign of 1982, 1982. Jean-Louis Cadoux, The Gallic ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) first observations, first questions, 1984.
- Jean-Louis Cadoux and Patrice Lancelin, The ossuary of Ribemont-sur-Ancre ( Somme), 1987. Jean-Louis Brunaux, The Celtic sanctuaries of Gournay-sur-Aronde and Ribemont-sur-Ancre, a new approach to Gallic religion, 1997.
- Jean-Louis Brunaux, A monumental Celtic trophy at Ribemont sur Ancre , 1997.
- Thierry Lejars, Celtic weapons in a particular religious context: the “mass grave” of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme), 1998. Jean-Louis Brunaux et al.,
- Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme): Preliminary assessment and new hypotheses, 1999.
- Gérard Fercoq du Leslay, The contribution of the ditches of Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) to the chronology and interpretation of the site, 2000.
ETC. All these are different sources about a single Celtic archaeological site in France from Ribemont sur Ancre, so you can imagine that compared to the numerous archaeological remains in France, they have a lot of works depending on the different archaeological sites !
You will find many others studies with the French archaeologist/historian RUclipsr, “Thomas Laurent” in most of the video descriptions or pinned comments ! He makes sometimes interventions in places with other colleagues, and interviews numerous historians who have dedicated themselves directly and extensively to research !
@@southpaw1032
One you left out is the Scythian/Ossetian/Abkhazian/Nart Sagas from the Black Sea Region.
Brother could you make a video about Sliasthorp? The largest military viking city in northern germany unearthed in 2012? I cant find any videos about it. Would be great and highly appreciated. 🙏
I just love your channel!! My paternal grandmother moved to the States from Norway. My maternal side is from Russia. But they originally were from Germany and were paid to move to Russia to farm. I've gotten into plant medicines and spirituality in recent years. I'm extremely interested in the Sami (? spelling) shamans! I actually hadn't ever heard of them until the last few months! I need to do some research!
Thanks so much for your work! Your passion shows!
Please read all of my description below:
Old Norse language phrase,” A Gnawer of the Moon, a giant of the Gale Blasts, a curse of the rain-hall, a Companion of sibyl, a Night-roaming hag, and a Swallower of the loaf of Heaven,”. What does this Old Norse phrase mean in simple terms?
What does this mean in Old Norse,”moon of Hrungnir, wealth sucker of the giants, destroyer of the storm sun, companion of the seeress, and swallower of the sun,”. What does this mean? Is there a meaning to this? What does this mean in simple terms?
What is your knowledge/opinion on Zalmolxianism/dacian paganism? I ask this because it fits the subject of this video.
As a slav I love how some concepts are shared between the other spiritualities
Very nice video. I'm primarily interested in the Celtic religions. Thank you!
had to stop watching because of the stupid fantasy AI images. there are lots of cool old illustrations of accurate depictions you could have used.
that got me too
Bro, are you here for the images or for the information?
@mardigmasrian5857eat poo and cease to exist. Conversion is rape.
@mardigmasrian5857why?
same.
Why do you have Xichen Itza, Temple of Warriors, as a recurring imagery?
Love your channel.
My biological, younger brother has done very extensive genealogical ancestry research, all third party verified, and we are almost equally Germanic and Celtic (from rulers of Frankia and Gaul), and a hint of Saxon... And one branch can be traced back to Rollo. (But mostly Francia and Gaul.)
I started out as a Norse Pagan, then started researching Proto-Indo European Spirituality and now lean more toward my Celtic roots. Although I have a great respect for Sami, and all the Indo-European branches of Spirituality.
Before the genealogical research, I used to believe we had Native American ancestry as well, but the research actually proved there was far, far less than we thought.
My brother is a Mormon...
I don't know what is possessing him, 😆, but it has given him access to their vast ancestry records, AND just as importantly, they are big on third party verification.
I am NOT recommending you become a Mormon to gain access to their records.
But I was genuinely surprised to see that our family tree traces back to Scottish kings, Frankish rulers, rulers of Gaul, Rollo (though there are millions who can), and even a trace of Roman ancestry. He was able to trace our ancestry back a lot farther than I would even imagined possible. As far back on some of the branches to around 900 AD, so far... It's insane!
In my region we still practice our pre-Christian beliefs, though it's definately a dying religion. In fact, I myself was born as a so-called "Wender", which could be best described as a sort of shaman. The word basically means "Changer" in the sense of "changing fate", which is a quiet rare or even unique theme amongst Germanic beliefs, since all other Germanic religions I am aware of all view destiny as something that even gods can't change. Another interesting fact is that it's basically the usual norse mythology, but from another perspective. The gods "Voda" and "Duna" are basically our version of Odin and Thor and they are the mortal enemies of our goddess Perchta, who is like Freya for the most part, but with a lot of features from Frigg and even Hel thrown into the mix.
It is said that once there were two families of gods, one ruled over the sky and the other over the earth. The latter were close to all things alive and therefore they had the power to let the land flourish, they never suffered any droughts and always had plenty to eat. That's why the sky gods envied them and one day they started an attack, killing all of the earth gods in the process, except for one: Perchta had her realm way underground and the entrances to it were at the bottom of lakes and wells, that's why the sky gods were unable to find her.
Enraged by this betrayal, Perchta froze the land, she let all crops die and put the animals to sleep in hidden caves, so that none of the sky gods would find anything edible in her people's domain. This was the first winter. Then she sent out her warriors, the "Schirchperchten", which came down from their mountain caves, fought off the famished sky gods and sent them back to their realm. After their victory, Perchta used her powers to revive the land again, which is now called spring. This is actually still practiced in the form of a tradition called "Perchtenlauf", you can look it up on RUclips, there's plenty of videos of that. It's basically the Perchten marching to war and us humans cheering for them. There's a second kind of Perchten, the "Schönperchten", which are much more human-like. Their task is to bless people's homes, so that no evil could take a hold in there.
The reason why we still practice this tradition is because the sky gods weren't entirely defeated back then. Each year they come again in the form of the Wild Hunt in order to look for Perchta, but each year she defeats them the exact same way she did the first time. That's why we have changing seasons. :D
Perchta is actually a very demanding goddess. You have to be very diligent (that's by far the most important thing) and also strong, intelligent and fearless in order to be accepted by her, for in the afterlife she will teach you basically everything until you're a master of all crafts. There are plenty of stories of Perchta testing her followers. If they failed her test, she would simply refuse to let their souls enter her realm, which means that the next time the Wild Hunt comes the sky gods will enslave their soul and drag them with them up into their domain.
I mentioned that I was born as a Wender. To be precise, I was born under the sign of the crow, which means that according to our legends my tasks mostly revolve arround being a good advisor, especially in terms of finances and pathfinding, and also a caretaker for the dead. As an atheist, one of the few traditions I still practice (because my grandmother had asked me to keep doing it and I simply couldn't reject any of her requests ;D) is something called "Nachtwacht", or "nightwatch". Basically, there are a few nights during the year when war parties of the sky gods are making trouble here on earth, the so-called "Unruhenächte", which means "nights of turmoil" or "restless nights". My task as a Wender during those nights is to set up a campfire near a lake and stay awake until the sun comes up again. The reason behind this is that the campfire functions as a beacon for all the souls who are still waiting to be tested by Perchta, so through the light they can find the entrance to her realm.
I own a little lake here right next to my house, so usually when it's time for me to hold the Nachtwacht we invite the neighbours and have a little gathering, where I'm telling the kids all those stories my grandparents had told me when I was young. There's hot punch, people bring along all kinds of sweet pastries and when everyone is gone I'm sitting there alone, keep the fire going and down a couple of beers.
When the morning finally comes, my duty is done, my grandma and Perchta are happy and my wife is mad at me because I'm drunk and smelling like a burnt-out beer keg, just as tradition demands it. :
Sounds interesting. You are kind of like a Custodian to your old culture.
Where are you from? Do you think this is a preserved unbroken tradition or some kind of reconstruction? How many stories do you know? Is it written down? How similar is it to Norse myth? Where can I learn more?
I'm also curious about Voda. Does he have two brothers like Vile and Ve? Do they fight either their own parents or a race of giants? Does he have a connection to a world tree and the creation of humanity? Did he replace a previous chief god like Tyr? Is there something like Ragnarök? Do you have a god like Tyr who lost his hand which is potentially related to him losing his status as chief god?
Heißt das , der Begriff für Vanir im Süden des deutschen Raums heißt "Perchten"? Was ist denn da bei euch der Name für die Himmelsgötter, wenn es einen gesonderten gibt?
Wäre wissenswert, denn was wäre, wenn es im Deutschen Raum früher andere Begriffe für "Wanin" und "Asen" gegeben hätte und diese zwei nur im Endeffekt Nordizismen wären?
Voda und Duna klingen schon so ein bisschen wie "Wotan" und "Donar" aber mit Bajuwarenmundart gesprochen :)
You’re the kind of lorekeeper anthropologists would fall all over themselves to start a book with. I imagine knowledge like this will get more and more scarce as the generations go on 💔
Thank you for the great content.
It is an incredibly emotional thing to me, knowing that the ancient hymns to our ancient gods are being revived after centuries of degradation by monotheism.
As an American I thank you for your teachings. Since I was a child European history has always captivated me and recently I’ve been invested on learning the ancient beliefs of pagans in Europe before Christianization and I’ll surely use more of your videos to help me along in learning :)
My ancestors were Christian, just like the ancestors of pretty much every European "pagan" alive today.
And their ancestors were likely pagan.
And their ancestors were pagan
@@uptown_rider8078 and they converted 🙂
@@grigorov1914 I think you mean “forced to convert on pain of death”
@@uptown_rider8078 nice joke, didn't know you were a comedian
I’m new to all of this. I have ancestry in both French and German with a dash of Irish. In your opinion which should I look into? Germanic or Celtic?
Can’t help but feel that it was a shame in Europe and the Middle East that we ended up with abrahimic religions taking over rather than the kind of integration seen in the east with the spread of buddhism where there was always an approach to combine practices rather than supplant them entirely. Personally I most associate with buddhism as a spiritual practice today as the fundamental principles seem so logical, but I always wonder what might have been if my Celtic ancestors had met Buddhists instead of Christians. It’s fascinating to look at Shinto in Japan which is such a lovely blend with the Japano/Han paganism migration to those islands, just a shame those Han pagans hunted down the Ainu fortunately not to extinction, but thats history such as it is.
Very informative. I been researching my heritage which is Northern Europe and Irish so I’m trying to find the closest religion that my ancestors used but it’s hard to pin point lol. This was interesting. Thanks
Lotta nationalists tryna revive these religions thru neopaganism. original pagan faiths died except sami. suspiciously too many nazis, especially in eastern europe, who also happen to adhere to neopaganism.
The original faiths did not die, they were kept alive through the customs and traditions. Also nothing wrong with nationalists trying to protect their country from the invasion we’re facing today
@@uptown_rider8078 Except it's a LARP and not accurate as many of the "traditions" were documented by Christian scholars with biases. Even the Sami, who this person mentioned, have been Christian for some time now. The only actual group in Europe with "pagan" beliefs that have existed and been popular among a significant portion of their population uninterrupted are the Mari in Russia, another Uralic speaking group related to the Sami and Finns. And this despite the conversion attempts from both Muslims and Orthodox Christians.
@@jokemon9547 It’s not “larp” to follow the traditions and customs of your ancestors. Many European communities kept their pagan traditions, especially rural communities. Even the “Christian” holidays that are celebrated are actually pagan in origin
@@uptown_rider8078 But those are not the same thing as was practiced before. Especially if the "reconstruction" is in part based on writings by Christians. And even with those traditions and customs, many of them synchronized with Christianity. They are ultimately far removed from the original practices. It is very similar to someone multiple generations removed from their original language and culture attempting to be that "again", both are laughable attempts to belong or seek an identity because the one you already have is not enough for whatever reason.
@@jokemon9547 That’s why it’s important to follow the original practices as our ancestors would have done. Not all the sources that we have about paganism are from Christianity, we have original writings, folk tales, customs, and oral traditions passed down through generations. In your example It’s not laughable that someone would want to reconnect with their original language and culture, that belongs to them, it’s who they are.
Regarding folk tales and paganism: there's a wonderful Montenegrin folk song called Sun's Sister and the Tyrant Pasha. One day, a Turkish pasha sends two servants to find a girl of unparalleled beauty he heard about to be his wife. They find her sitting on a silver chair by the stream; she is barefoot, her hair, arms and legs were golden. They reported it to pasha, and he gathered a wedding procession to go and take her. When she saw them she said:
'Praise the lord for his wonders!
Has pasha turned mad?
Who does he want to take as a wife,
To take a sister of the Sun,
Moon's niece,
God sister of the Morningstar!'
So she takes three golden apples and throws them up in the clouds, and three lightning bolts appeared. One killed pasha, the other his two younger brothers and the third one all 600 wedding guests.
This shows you how important fairy tales and folk songs can be, because this song is clearly an older myth carried through time.
Great work, I was a pagan for a long time (converted to Christianity, how ironic), paganism is about following your own blood and not what is cool at the time P.SReally compliments for your work, you are like the people I miss from that time, people with knowledge. you don't sell nonsense
Great video well done!
Can you do a video about comparing the greek amd roman religion and why you think we should distinguish them?
Dutch (by way of Frisian) maternal ancestry and paternal Germanic/Celt ancestry here. I’ve spent the most time looking into Norse Paganism but I’ve recently been trying to delve further into the practices of Frisia, which seems to be ancestrally Germanic, along with Danish infiltration which very well brought further Norse aspects; it historically seemed to be an area influenced highly by Danes. Is anyone Frisian/has a grasp of sources/research into Frisia that you deem vital to examine?
Thank you so very much for your knowledge and making this video.
Hello! I think there is a seventh, the hungarian pagan tradition what is missing from this list...
Interesting presentation.
On Baltic folklore, traditions and archeology, please see Maria Gimbutas.
I am pretty sure you missed the pagan beliefs from Romania as well as from many other parts of Europe, such as the Bascs.
When i lived i Estonia I learned a little about Taara’ism , the pantheon and basics are easy to find online
Hi, love your videos and how in depth they are. A very interesting video idea you could do with the beliefs in Sicily, once being a huge part of greek culture and then ruled by many other cultures like the Romans, Arabs and Norman's. Would love to learn more as well, I hope you may take this subject. Thank you!
In my independent religious studies I'm finding a surprising amount of research culled by the Greeks about such a vast arrays of cultures. It's impressive how much they studied and documented.
Very much looking forward to more on the Celtic religion.
Thanks, enjoyed your video.