Enlightened Absolutism (Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great, Joseph II)
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- Опубликовано: 8 июл 2024
- www.tomrichey.net/euro
In this lecture, Mr. Richey explains enlightened absolutism (aka, enlightened despotism) and the contributions of the enlightened absolutists: Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, and Joseph II of Austria.
This lecture is intended primarily for students preparing for the AP European History exam, but will also be helpful to Western Civilization and World History students.
14:11 Joseph II is officially the most relatable monarch in European history.
Poor Joseph. He was one of the few really decent people ever to hold power.
I SEE YOU FELLOW CRAMMERS! Let's do it! Good luck on the AP EXAM.
what did you get
@Owen Miller haha
5:30. Potatoes also grow well in nutrient poor soil and cold wet climates. All they need is enough moisture to form their tubers. The crop could grow well in small plots in people's backyards, and did a great deal to supplement peasant diets.
5:20 is the single greatest moment of any Tom Richey videos...
I don't know what id do without you. I would fail euro. I've watched your videos so many times I have memorized it work for word
these videos have helped me pass my AP Euro class and I am very grateful of them. Thanks for the time and effort that you spend on these videos!
I love and value history, today, because, 25 years ago, I had a great teacher. Just like this guy, she made history real. Not just empty words, and dates, on a page. Now, if only someone had done that, with mathematics (facepalm).
This is going to help me pass my AP Euro final, thank you so much!
So glad I can help! :D
Kaitlyn T Morris h
Frederick the Great wanted his farmers to grow more potatoes. However, he encountered resistance from the peasants who were still weary of this foreign crop. To convince them, Frederick gathered peasants and ate potatoes in front of them, so that they would finally recognise its nutritious value.
Shout out to the people watching this in zoom class
Thanks for making these videos, I love how you relate history to life as we know it, it really helps me get the facts straight for exams.
Glad I can help!
How is Fredrick the Great an elitist for saying the bulk of the nobility and lower classes remain savage beasts? Sounds to me that he is recognising the shared nature of the nobility(the elite) and commoners. He is saying that without philosophy most people of all classes remain unenlightened. Tom Richey has revealed his own biases. I do enjoy his videos.
Morgen Vade Exactly, France kicked off the enlightenment but it got quickly corrupted by greedy opportunists.
It's a year old comment, but he's saying "Only a few of us(the elite) are enlightened. All others--nobility and peasants alike--are beasts."
That's elitist.
Thank you so much for making these videos. This is my first AP class and I have a pretty bad teacher, but with your help, I'm understanding it really well!
I find Joesph ll more favorable to me than Catherine the Great. She didn't seem to reform at all, yet she's called "the great".
Joseph the Great!
@@graysonguinn1943Joseph 2 lost both the Silesian war and seven years war to King Frederick the great and was not a great patron of arts either and while he did reduce the power of nobility,it didn't go very far.He was Joseph the failure.
Catherine the great patronized art and architecture and founded great cities like Odessa,she also conquered significant territories for Russia.On the other hand,Joseph 2 didn't patronize art and architecture very much,he lost both silesian war and seven years war to king Frederick the great and while he did reduce the power of nobility,it didn't go very far.He was Joseph the failure.
@@C152SharjilJafri-hd5tq says you Turk
yeah, even peter iii was more progressive than her.
This feels like I have my own personal teacher. its great
I learnt this in school but this guy does a better job teaching it.
Can you take the place of my professor please? This was a ton of help thank you!
Thank you so much Tom, I wish you were my history teacher! Your videos are super helpful and informative, you make one of the best on youtube! I love how you can present history without twisting it to support a preconceived bias! Keep on doing what you doing :)
Well, thanks to the wonders of modern technology, I can be your history teacher! I'll keep putting new content out there as long as people like you want to watch it!
you are amazing! making my class experience of western philosophy really enjoyable!
Mr. Richey you are my hero
rcsblondie Since you comment on my videos, I could say the same for you! :D
Glad to hear this in a Southern accent. Great explanation, thank you.
Greetings from Montreal. Your channel rocks, literally!.
Hey man, I have the AP test tomorrow for European history and this helped immensely. Thanks for the review!
+Awesomeaaron2000 eyyyysammeee
Very helpful on a social essay. Thanks for the great videos and keep making more.
I've got an exam on this stuff in 3 days and this really helped
Alas, it is 2019 and I'm just discovering Prussia. Here you are 5 years and going, damn it.
These vids seriously helped me. My ap test is in an hour !! 👏🏼😬
Amazing video to help me study for my test tomorrow! Subed!
thank you for this video
OMG YOUR AMAZING!!!! your videos help with reviewing so much and make me not want to fall asleep haha. I'm planning on taking APUS next year and IB history and will for sure be watching your reviews again.. "Richey the Great" LOL
Hey Tom, you speaking holding a glass of water, or cup of coffee without drinking much is healing to listeners, or at least me, really like that :D :D :D
When watching tom richey is ur hw 👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻🗿🗿🗿🗿🌶
YOU DONT REALIZE HOW THIS VIDEO HELPED ME!! I REALLY APPREFIATE THE TIME YOU TOOKK TO MAKE THIS VIDEO OMG THANKKKKKKKSSSSS I WISH YOU WERE MY TEACHER
same
thx! DBQ on these 3 tomorrow! Really think it helped! :)
Russia is unfortunate to be influenced by the Chinese despotism imported from the Mongols when it was conquered in the 13th century. I think when compare Joseph II of Austria and Frederick of Prussia, Catherine II of Russia was something example of an absolute monarch, which shows no change to even Russia's today.
Thanks so much for your videos! The AP is tomorrow so I will get back to you on the helpfulness on your videos in July when I get my grade back! Jk they're really helpful... Thanks a ton!
Great job! I just became a Subscriber, so keep up the awesome work.
Jacob Christian Glover Thanks for subscribing! I'll try my best to perform to your expectations!
thanks for the video
what a goood guyyyyyyy youre the man Mr. Richey
I watched your video and I will watch it again. I think it is very informative and make difficulty things clear. And it is not flattery. It's a fact. :)
Glad this video is helping you that much! Always great to hear kind words from my viewers! :D
a very interesting video. As an Austrian myself, i would like to ad two or three things.
a) unfortunately, the Map of Austria you show is not a map of Austria at the time of Joseph II, but of Franz Joseph I., dated from 1858. Not, that it is entirely wrong, but some parts (Austrian Netherlands, aka Belgium without territory of the Prince-Bishop of Liege, and some minor south western German or south eastern polish territories) lack, while others were added (Venice, Salzburg, Krakau, some parts of Switzerland). So, 1858, Austria was bigger than in 1789.
b) Joseph II faced, especially in Belgium and Hungary major setbacks, actually revolutions. While Hungary could be kept, Belgium was lost. So, while France fought against a too inactive ruler, Belgium fought against a too active one. But both because they felt not sufficiently included in the decision making processes.
c) Leopold II, Josephs brother and next in line to the succession could, for a short time, re-secure the Empire. Aye. But he was not anti-reform. When he was Grandduke of Tuscany, where he is known as Pietro Leopoldo (Peter comes from the fact that Elizabeth Petrowna, the daughter of Peter I. the Great and Mother in law to Catherine II the Great was his Godmother), he was a very effective enlightened absolutist ruler. Like a mixture between his brother, father (Francis I. Stephen of Lorraine) and mother (Maria Theresa of Austria).
d) Joseph became very very popular in the 19th Century, especially among liberals. There was even a term coined for his reforms, Josephinism.
The video was great but what really caught my attention was the flying V in the background. Sweet guitar, are those EMGs in it? What was that other guitar too? Andddd I've distracted myself from AP Euro yet again. Thanks Mr Richey!
Do you not have a more general Enlightenment video? :(
Another amazingly informative video, by the way!
No, I don't yet. :( Glad this one helped, though!
Could you do a video on the cottage industry? Or a video about Europe in 18th century... like the agricultural revolution or the putting-out system?
Old Fritz....what a talented guy
Don't see any parallels in modern royals ?
Maybe not to them, since their role has changed a lot since then, but the gulf monarchies are somehow similar.
Enlightened absolutism is basically to be loyal/authoritarian and rational/scientific at the same time. Not like the individualist science based society or the loyal but irrational eastern CULTURES. When the autocratic loyal east combines with the scientific and rational west this creates a unique culture focused on trust. Very German actually. And Japanese in some way because of the Prussian model of the meiji restoration. (enlightened restoration).
But after WW2 both countries were pulled to the western side by the US declining the eastern authoritian part of the culture while keeping their scientific culture to profit. But Japan remained more east on loyalty than Germany because of its Asian roots. So now Japan is still the closest definition of that culture in the world. East Germans were well integrated after the cold War. But would linger slightly more into the east
Thanks for the video! This has really helped, could you do a video about the industrial revolution and the French Revolution? Thanks :)
ScavengerGoalie97 I've got LOTS of videos on the French Revolution - they're just on specific topics. Look up Tom Richey French Revolution.
Your videos have totally saved my lazy butt for Ms. Snyder's semester final. Thanks so much and keep up the great work!
I'm in a synder class too. are you a centaur?
why is tom lookin kinda good
Question: how do military campaigns factor into the concept of Enlightened absolutism? Or would we argue that something like Frederick's capturing of Silesia or the division of Poland does not go along with the tenets of enlightened absolutism. I am easily confused, so thanks for your time!
Jackie Sutton You're right - they wouldn't. In the end, the enlightened absolutists were still absolutists and were chiefly concerned about power.
Enlightened absolutism encouraged empires to be militarily aggressive because Enlightened absolutism said that these rulers are enlightened and their ideas are superior so it was the duty of the empire to conquer for the spread of these ideas something that Napoleon would weaponize against them later.
"spreading democracy" by any other name....
I thought that Maria Theresa was a lot more radical and enlightened then Joseph, an Austrian told me how she made education a right for all citizens.
This video was published on my birthday- Feb.13
And I published it specifically for your birthday, Aidil. Happy Birthday, my friend! :D
This ideology found its perfect embodiment in Emperor Napoleon
AP Test on Friday, whoop whoop.
I'd like to see a video on Russia's history and the general rise of communism in the country. I like your vids Learned lot from them, thank for making em. :)
James Bryan Thanks, James! I'll definitely be adding some stuff on that topic sometime this year.
I just noticed that there was nothing in the cup 😐😐😐
Catherine the Great is the Carole Baskin of the Enlightenment
Could you do a video on the scientific revolution?
sam pollisno I've got an informal review video posted - may or may not get around to a more formal treatment this year.
Another question (told you I am easily confused!): Why was Maria Theresa NOT considered an enlightened despot. Didn't she do a lot to help the serfs?
Jackie Sutton She wasn't on board with Joseph's designs for religious toleration.
She was considered one of the more antisemitic monarchs in Europe. She tried to expel the Jews from Austria like they did in Spain and the only reason it failed was because Joseph threatened to abdicate if she went through with it. Joseph is the one who actually ended feudalism in the Empire. Her motives for enlightened absolutism had to do with the Hadsburg Empire. Her religious toleration was just to prevent the Protestant minorities from siding with Frederick who constantly threatened Austria's borders. Her motive was more self defense but if Frederick were not in the picture she probably would have gone France's route with the Protestants
joseph the second you mean the guy who fought a battle against his own army?
He is a musician, too?
Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely...
Did he really quote Ronald Reagan?
And what's wrong about that?
In the overall universe of quotable people, Ronald Reagan falls somewhere between Gomer Pyle and Howdy Doody.
He is not a small gov person he increased the intervention in Afghanistan and funded the SDI.
What's wrong is that Reagan was a bullshitter who did very little to practice what he preached. He was a terrific actor.
We are using sdi technology today.
Elites hate leaders who love the people.
Down with the elites.
Vaast Mass! nice accent.
LETS GET THIS BREAD TODAY
Yes!!!
ITS A TRAP /Admiral Fishguy Akbar
14:28
you play guitar, too??? respect
hy,
thanks for this useful information but
can you send that map of joseph's empire for my school presentation
with the source
thanks
Michiel Six I can do you one better. Go to www.tomrichey.net/powerpoints and you can download the original PowerPoint presentation that I used in the lecture. :D
what is the source of that map?
before the powerpoinpresentation.
I don't have a source cited so I think it's a public domain map of the Austrian Empire - if something was published before 1925, it doesn't have to be cited. I might have seen it on Wikipedia but if you google "Austrian Empire Map" you should see it if you want to know where I found it originally - been over a year since I made this presentation.
thanks
Could you please explain if Islam as a religion may have influenced any of the western philosopher?
Convertible was a Volvo C70
14:11 wow poor guy_11:21 true_1:15 :O
Who else is here a day before the test
1:51 I'm from Big Data and I'm here to help.
This guy be here with his coffee cup and suit lol. It’s funny :)
May I add Napoleon to this list.
NO!
+Richard William Guilmette
YES. Napoleon gets unfair bad press from England and monarchies to this day. Many of his reforms made today's modern Europe.
I agree with you
"History is written by the victors" - Churchill
"History is a series of agreed-upon myths" - Bonaparte
This quote has many incarnations....but one certainty is people like Winston and Hegel's outright admiration for Napoleon and his ideals
Richard William Guilmette the thing is that napoleon ruled in the era AFTER the enlightenment, the age of revolution so it's kinda of a bummer really...
This is just a wild narrative
Y’all doing this in college when I’m doing this in 8th grade
1:15 :O Good quote though.
I thought potatoes were introduced by Peter the Great.
+sallyburger I think Russians were growing potatoes long before Peter the Great!
Mr. Richey I'm afraid that you forgot to place PARTITIONS OF POLAND into this play list, and thank you!
POLENNNNNN
No
Frederick and Trump. The 2 greatest leaders.
Poor Joseph. Too ahead of his time.
Me too.
Sort of speak...gawd
He is acending..
why am i hearing about diet culture in my euro
lecture? i’m trying to recover from an eating disorder and stay in school. please watch how you say things, they could be harmful
Reagan said "I'm from the government & I'm here to help" are the 9 most TERRIFYING words in the English language (as he sold guns to muhajideen): "...fought with the Hezb-i-Islami group of mujahideen, whose training and weaponry were mainly supplied by the CIA...American officials estimate that, from 1985 to 1992, 12,500 foreigners were trained in bomb-making, sabotage and urban guerrilla warfare in Afghan camps the CIA helped to set up." From "Frankenstein the CIA created:
Mujahideen trained and funded by the US are among its deadliest foes, reports Jason Burke in Peshawar, 17 Jan 1999 05.42 GMT".
Reagan was a terrorist. It's "an invisible empire".
If the top actually lead with enlightened knowledge and the welfare of the people it would not be a bad thing. It would be good infact.
However, that's NOT the case.
I spy an Ibanez iceman, I like. I am a simple guitarist. Also, Machiavelli is the greatest troll in all of history. He made full generations of idiot-tyrants take his satire at face value. Machiavelli only makes sense as a person if you view The Prince as either a work of fiction, or a honed literary ballistic missile aimed at having Lorenzo di medici sabotage himself. His other writing was very pro-republican, and the Medicis tortured him, I doubt that'd have ingratiated him to iron-fisted rule.
I feel that because there was no sense of reform during the reign of Catherine II, her patronage to philosophers was an empty gesture. I got the feeling that she valued her throne more than the people she governed and the philosophes she extorted.
When it came down to it, they all values their thrones and only used enlightened ideals to the extent that it strengthened their power - it's just most blatant with Catherine.
Precisely.
For example, she attempted to reform the tight restrictions and enslavement of serfs to land that were created after Ivan the Terrible, but realized she would also have to use these reforms on the crown's lands and serfs as well.
It wasn't until her great-grandson that serfs were emancipated (supposedly after hearing about Praskovia and Nicholas Sheremetev), interestingly three years before Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863.
I think I am one.... I believe God has the final say in everything... But that's just me
“Free expression” what does that mean, really? We’re people not allowed to hold opinions back then? Of course they were. The only freedoms of expression that were added were freedoms to blaspheme and sin.
The reason Catherine the Great "Rode horses" was because she had many lovers, at least that's what my euro teacher said.
ONI CHHHAAANNNN!!!!!!
Joseph II is a true husbando
I'm from the Government and I'm here to help. I hear that most of the time from FBI
TRAP: Cute Boys Wearing Cute Girly Things
Lmao
14:25
Christ the midterms are a pain in the ass.
Please keep that cup down. It's quite distracting.