Maintaining Neutrality By Force: SAAB J 21
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- Опубликовано: 6 ноя 2023
- In this video, we talk about a Swedish plane from World War 2, the SAAB J 21, an unorthodox twin-boom fighter and ground attacker with a pusher-prop. We first talk about Sweden during the opening stages of WW2, looking at their rapid increase in military spending, short term moves to shore up their military through purchases of planes like the Fiat Cr.42, Gloster Gladiator, and Seversky P-35. We also look at some of their actions in appeasing both Allied and Axis countries, from allowing Nazi Germany to move troops through Sweden after Operation Barbarossa (and in the Invasion of Norway) to taking in thousands of Jewish refugees on the other side.
We then look at the J 21 itself, their attempt to make an advanced, homegrown fighter that could match the fighters Germany and the Soviet Union, their two biggest fears, had. We discuss the positives and negatives of the design and how it tested and compared to other fighters from the era. We then look at a post-war advancement of the J 21, the J 21R, Sweden's first jet fighter that swapped the propeller out with a jet thruster. We then look at that design and its relatively short career into the 1950's.
We then conclude with a fun fact about Ikea, because I couldn't think of another way to transition to the end the video.
Who among us hasn't been guilty of falling for a good Saab story...
The laugh of the day!
Adding a bit of light into a dark time in history without question.
You go sit in the corner and *_THINK_* about what you did
🤣
🤦♂️
And on aircrraft carriers they use Swedish Meatballs :) 🇸🇪
Arguably the best pusher fighter to see service and one of the few aircraft that transition into a jet aircraft successfully.
idk about successfully, it was kind of a temporary solution before the J29 came along
@pontushaggstrom6261 certainly the most successful one, all prop tp jet conversions were bound to be just stopgaps, but this one did it best in my opinion
As a Swede I have mixed feelings about our actions during the WWII. But I understand our politicians didn’t have much choice in the beginning of the war as our defenses was not strong enough to repel a Nazi invasion and for many the bigger threat was the Soviet Union as they had invaded our brothers in Finland. Later on when the Nazis brutality in Norway was more known, the attitude towards Germany changed among the citizens. Sweden also sold the so crucial ball bearings to the British, without them they would had problems building all those airplane motors.
Sweden also wired tapped the telegraph and phone lines going from occupied Norway to Germany and shared that information with the Allies. A police force made up by Norwegian refugees was put up in Sweden by the Norwegian government. They where meant to fight the Nazis and take over before any Soviet forces could had tried to invade when the Nazis left.
But still we sold iron ore to Germany and even if we had refused they most likely would had invaded Sweden too. So, what do you do when you’re between a rock and a hard place? Remember, the USA only got into the war in Europe after Germany declared war against them. Before that they where “neutral”.
"Neutral" can mean very different circumstances with different countries, there are considerable differences between the US and Sweden. Living on the opposite side of a much bigger world then and already experiencing the futility of the "war to end all wars" there wasn't much stomach to put our feet back onto the land of seemingly never ending division and hostilities. Furthermore we were facing a very deadly threat from imperialist Japan. We were also supplying Britain with continuous shipments dealing with our own ships being sunk and it really wasn't a surprise that Hitler declared war on us.
But I don't blame Sweden and don't agree with Churchill. It was a matter of clear and present danger for survival and in my opinion the only course your nation could take if they wanted to make it out alive.
So switcherland had armed neutrality! And Sweden convenient / and both of them ! make money off both real sides ! Gutless a buts !
@@stevendonovan9762 Yes of course you’re right and I wasn’t making a jab at the Americans. Swedens didn’t become neutral due to the WWII breaking out, we have a long history with few times of peace and many warrior kings that had big ambitions. We fought the Danish several times, at one point threatened to burn down their capital so they gave us Norway. Finland was at a long time part of Sweden, parts of the Baltic countries and Poland too. Russia was always an enemy and in an attempt to invade Russia Karl XII, the so called Warrior King, lost a big battle in Poltava, Ukraine. He fought so many wars that a 3rd of all able men had died in the war. After him the Swedes where very tired of constant wars, king Karl the XIII died after a assassination attempt and the dynasty of the Swedish kings then dried out and Sweden had to get an outsider as king, a French Marshal of Napoleon’s army, Jean Bernadotte. His name was changed to Karl XIV Johan. We only had Norway left as Russia had claimed Finland. Later the Norwegian broke free, but it was done peacefully as nothing would be gained trying to keep them under Swedish rule. Sweden now has had peace for over 300 years, guess we are very tired of fighting wars as not much is gained and much instead is lost.
TLDR, I guess our neutrality just comes from fighting to many wars in the past. There’s more money to make not fighting wars and instead making flat package furniture and music (and really good steel)! 😉
Sweden sold 40% of their ball-bearing production to the Nazi.
A lot of countries tried to stay out of WW2.
They are just jealous that we managed to stay out of the war and they did not.
Also selling Iron ore to Germany is perfectly normal for a Neutral country. A Neuteal country can sell to anybody the problem was the naval blockade and occupied Norway.
Before Norway was occupied we sold Iron ore to the UK via Narvik
Present time Sweden’s superior iron ore is an asset which cannot be overlooked with so much of the world recycling. The metal going into their large diesel engines is legendary, I had the privilege of working on the Polar Nohab. Excellent .
In addition to being among the very few pusher configuration prop fighters to see military service, it was also one of only three prop-to-jet conversions to see any sort of serial production, the other two being the Yak-15 and the Supermarine Attacker. Great physical example of how Sweden did and still does like to design aircraft in unconventional and roundabout ways compared to the rest western world.
There was a fourth. The Percical Provost, which started of as radial engined tail dragger (461 examples built) which was redesigned into the tricycle geared Jet Provost (734 built).
And the Supermarine Attacker was designed to Air Ministry specification E.10/44 which called for a jet fighter with a laminar flow wing. The chosen wing had been designed initially for the Spiteful and the Attacker gained the name the Jet Spiteful prior to being called the Attacker. In spite of the iriginal name the Spiteful was never modified into the Attacker.
The Japanese had plans to eventually install jet engines in the J7W Shinden if the War had lasted longer.
Look at all the US support to Nazi Germany by Henry Ford, Prescott Bush, The Dulles and Harriman brothers. Im a Swede and I do know about how we supported Hitler, but for some reason, Sweden is dealt with over and over when it comes to nations that made business with Germany. Rarely people talk about how the Rockefellers INVENTED race biology as a Science and funded the first Nazi Race-Biology research which in turn pushed the Nazis closer to the extermination camps.
There was the Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender, that looked more like a Burt Rutan design. It never made it past the prototype stage.
Can mt agree on the Supermarine attacker. Ok - it took the proven wings of the Spiteful/Seafang but all the rest of it was completely new.
The Sverige-class coastal defence ships would be another example of how Sweden did defense differently in WW1/WW2. As fast as your typical WW1 battleship (23.5 kts), armored better than most battlecruisers of the era within the displacement of a light cruiser. The three of them were enough of a deterrant that neither the soviet nor german navies went anywhere near their waters during the war unless they had prior permission to do so. These three ships, easily out-classed the remaining Deutchland's and Hipper class heavy cruisers in terms of protection and firepower and thanks to that and about a four foot shallower draft could even give the Scharnhorst battleships a reason to be someplace else in the confined coastal waters of sweden.
They were not a deterrent to the Soviet navy. Germany and Finland mined the approaches to Kronstadt naval base. As a result Soviet ships were stuck in Leningrad for the entire war.
@@ildart8738 perhaps, but given the competence of the soviet navy, especially @ the time it all added up to squat and allowed Sweden to “claim” neutrality.
Лучше всего Швецию защищали - глупость советских и немецких генералов и особенно адмиралов.
They were also organized into battlegoups consisting of lots of supporting ships and even submarines. So if an enemy wanted to engage one of them, they had to commit at least a whole battlegoup. And Sweden had three of them...
The fact is that the German navy recommended against invading Sweden, because they estimated that they could not protect the invasion fleet from the Swedish navy.
Germany had no reason to , they were getting plenty of steel from them.
Such a beautiful looking aircraft. Always been a fav.
I’ve seen the kit boxes of this aircraft for years and years, and always thought the J21 was a post-WWII development. Until this video. 👍🏻🙂
If Sweden sided with the Axis, Russia would have overrun Finland and invaded them from the East. Had they sided with the Allies, well, Germany had already overrun Norway, so it's not hard to image the consequences. As long as Sweden stayed neutral, the threat of allying themselves with the other side made invading them meant one more enemy where everybody had more than enough.
Sweden is a eunuch state nowadays, since the 1800s in fact..
It was a gamble that, had the war continued for a couple more years, would not have ended well. Sweden was an eventual gateway to be acquired.
And all that money they made from selling stuff, mainly to the Germans, for the war would have been lost.
Nah, The Soviet Union was already trying to invade Finland, it try it several times without any success. If Sweden join in, it would help Finland even more in it resistance against Stalin.
Sweden made untold money from Germany! High grade steel and iron ore ! Among other trade ! So profiting from everyone else’s misery! 😢
Cool looking plane! :)
Swapping out the pusher prop for a jet engine reminds me of Japan's plans for the J7W Shinden.
Like most other countries at the time we tried to avoid being invaded or bombed by anyone. We were lucky to pull it off.
All hail the Billy Bookcase. Mine is about 25 years old and still going strong.
I was never a student.
So what you're saying is that you never learned anything from buying that bookcase.
They always had creative designs....love the AJ-37
beautiful looking plane, very unique
Good video. You could have made a good end to this video by stating that the real contribution of the J21 was that it was convertible to a jet plane and that it thereby gave Saab the opportunity to become a top quality Swedish flight industry up until this day.
I like the end of this video!!
Because Sweden was neutral, when Jews were scheduled for roundup and deportation on October 1st 1943 in Denmark, they were tipped off and proceeded to take ferries and small boats across the Baltic to Sweden. Over 90% of Danish Jews were saved from concentration camps and likely death.
I love how Sweden is neutral, yet has consistently produced some of the best military equipment of all time.
There was also the FFVS J22, a more conventional plane in production during the war.
in your introduction, it would be great (and perhaps fair) to also mention the french-english "Plan R 4" for the occupation of norway, sweden and finland - that was then canceled after the unlucky "operation Wilfried" and the start of the operation "weserübung" (german occupation of danmark and norway). I don´t want to "excuse" the german occupation of danmark and sweden, but I think it should at least be mentioned, that the english and french military also had some "plans" for skandinavia... unfortunatly the "Plan R 4" is today one of the great secrets of WW II that nobody wants to speak about - it scratches too much on the idea of "good vs. evil" - but how can you learn from history, when you only accept some of the storys (those that fit in your image how WW II was) but not all? And it should also be mentioned, that there was an large influence of german nazi-propaganda and nazi-espionage in danmark, norway, finland and sweden - hitler and his regime believed (also based on racial convictions about the "solidarity of aryan nations") that there was an large part of the population in these 4 countrys that supported the "aryan cause" and that will (one day) overthrow their governments and then fight side by side with germany. (An conviction that was total nonsense) - so that the idea of germany invading sweden was never realy an topic in the german headquarters: Sweden was always very willing to sell ore from the swedisch mines and other raw materials to the axis - at very favorable conditions - and was always very, lets say "flexible" about the realisation of it´s neutrality. And germany had other problems in those days than opening an new front... so the "need" for an swedish fighter was not so urgent as here implicated - more a thing of symbolic action and more to keep up with technology (succesfull) and, above all, a matter of national pride!
Wilfred and R4 are sadly unknown, even to Swedes and Brits.
I have Billy book cases as well, with glass doors, three in fact, they look great and fill the entire wall in my kitchen/living room combi.
About the Saab, i think that´s a really interesting little plane... well, little is relative... it seemingly was quite successful as a ground attacker.
The Founder of IKEA was a Nazi!
Fascist involvement
In 1994, the personal letters of the Swedish fascist Per Engdahl were made public, posthumously revealing that Kamprad had joined Engdahl's pro-fascist New Swedish Movement (Nysvenska Rörelsen) in 1942, at age 16.[11] Kamprad had raised funds and recruited members for the group, at least as late as September 1945.[11] When he quit the group is unknown, but he remained a friend of Engdahl until the early 1950s.[16]
Kamprad devoted two chapters to his time in Nysvenska Rörelsen in his book Leading by Design: The IKEA Story and, in a 1994 letter to IKEA employees, called his affiliation with the organization the "greatest mistake of my life".[7] Kamprad explained his teenage engagement in New Swedish Movement as being politically influenced by his father and grandmother in Sudet-Germany.[17] In 2011, journalist Elisabeth Åsbrink published a book Made in Sweden: How the Swedes Are Not Nearly So Egalitarian, Tolerant, Hospitable or Cozy As They Would Like to (Have You) Think in which she revealed that, by 1943, the Swedish Security Service had created a file on Kamprad entitled "Nazi", and that Kamprad had told her, during a 2010 interview, that "Per Engdahl is a great man, and I will maintain that as long as I live."[18][19]
Writing in The Daily Telegraph, in August 2011, Richard Orange noted that the 1943 file proved for the first time that Kamprad "was an active member of Svensk Socialistisk Samling - successor to the Swedish Nationalist Socialist Workers Party - citing his membership number: 4013. It quotes letters intercepted from Mr Kamprad, then 17, in which he enthuses about recruiting new members and says that he "misses no opportunity to work for the movement." Orange added, "The secret service concluded that, as Mr Kamprad received the party's youth newspaper, he must have held "some sort of official position within the organisation."[20] The following day, the BBC reported: "A Swedish expert on far-right extremism, Anna-Lena Lodenius, told Radio Sweden that Mr Kamprad's Nazi involvement could no longer be dismissed as the by-product of an accidental friendship with Per Engdahl. His involvement in another fascist organisation, she said, showed he must have been 'perfectly aware' of what it stood for." The BBC report also noted that a spokesman said that Kamprad "had long admitted flirting with fascism, but that now, "there are no Nazi-sympathising thoughts in Ingvar's head whatsoever."[21
J22 was an interesting single engined aircraft
Also, Sweden had some pilots that flew Gloster Gladiators for Finland against the Bolshevik Kommies
After watching RCR's video about Saab, I'm not surprised their fighter plane would have an unconventional design.
That darn little pushrr plane looks really rad. I'd buy a model of it, if it's in 1/32 scale.
Would love you to do a video on how under powered and under equipped the Irish Defences Forces were during ww2 (or the "Emergency" as we called ww2....yes im from Ireland) and are STILL WOEFULLY under equipped.
I would have loved to see the 21B built in number. It was a pretty design with a bubble canopy and a few other design advances.
Do you think the heavy controls were a consequence of the rather small looking rudders and ailerons? The P-38’s empanage looks a bit larger.
The Saab was one of the first aircraft with an ejection seat (cannon-powered, not rocket like most use today)
Looks like the Fokker with the push prop and pull prop, the F D XXIII, only one prototype was build in 1939.
I think this plane is what JRR Martin had in mind for the Jet Boy 1 in the Wild Cards series.
Saab license built the Northrop A17 early in the war called the B5
Anything with wingtip tanks is cool in my book 😎
You should look into the contemporary J22
The opening description of why Sweden stayed out of it was hilarious. Sweden surrendered to Germany w/o officially surrendering because Sweden was right in step with the Nazis. It's why Switzerland was the neutral country of choice for people escaping Hitler's clutches.
"Germany conquered Denmark in one day, Norway in one week and Sweden by telephone"
@@marcussoininen2084A memorable line from the Swedish TV series ”Någonstans i Sverige”. Although it said Norway in two months and Denmark in two hours.
" Sweden surrendered to Germany w/o officially surrendering because Sweden was right in step with the Nazis"
Blubbering from a historical point of ignorance.
Total agree on the ikea's prices issue. The prices for products that ones were made to offer cheap options for mostly everyone, now were much to expensive.
If one compares the quality price ratio, there are a lot of better options available nowerdays - they really need to cut there prices to a reasonable level as it was in the past.
And they were also able to make good profits in the past years too - without the need to rice their prices up to the moon.
Seems that the new generation of the leading family become a little creedy...
At least i can't remember reading or watching any reports about ikea workers that will receive salaries like bosses from a particular day on...
New subscriber here and you can thank Ed Nash and his excellent aeroplane channel. Best wishes 🙏 🇬🇧
Good stuff on both!
I found some magazines about airplanes. They are from 43 to 46 and they have nice full slide Advertisement about a Swedish made Inverted. 12-cylinder engine.
At least there was no forced labors involved the manufacturing of the licensed version. So, my conclusion is that my country that spearheaded the science of metering the heads of our population, wanted, and got a 100procent Arian produced engine.
Never knew Emo Philips was an aviation buff!
Other minor reason why Germany didn’t invade Swedes. Goring was good friends and married to Swedish baron family. Baron led a Thule society cult. That is mix of Nordic pagan legends of Odin and Hinduism. That is closely similar as Nazis race teachings. 1917 when Finns became a country. Same baron gifted Finns his biplane, it had baron’s good luck symbols painted on it. Blue swastika. Finns took that as their Air Force ID. Goring was a member of Thule society. They used black swastika as their symbol. Goring may have told Hitler to use black swastika as their party symbol.
Well, that was a entusiastic pitch of the swastika. :)
Its actually a very common symbol in the nordics (also in germany ofcoarse). Up to the war.
It is older than the viking age. Symbol of a solar god.
Was even on some company logos. ASEA had it.
During and after he war. It was a need to have it removed. For obvious reasons.
A parasol monoplane actually.
the aircraft shown at 4:10 is indeed not a SAAB J21, but indeed it's ground strike counterpart, the A21.
Happily managed to live without any IKEA stuff even as a student. No Billy bookcases in my life.
To be fair, nobody on the west side of the puddle has any right to criticize Sweden's loose interpretation of neutrality. US warships were shooting at Germans halfway across the Atlantic long before we were "at war". Not to mention our enforced occupation of Iceland, which had been a truly neutral country.
The Greatest legacy of the J21 today is high quality DB605 engines for use german Warbirds.
I’m not sure the tricycle landing gear was a negative, expensive and complex maybe, but a better system.
What has the SSAB J21 got to do with Sweedens' stance in WW2?
The J-21 was not an advanced aircraft for its days. It was a learning exercise and the configuration came in very handy later, to convert it to an early jet fighter, the J-21R.
The SAAB B-17, B-18 were instrumental in applying stressed metal skin to constructions, so more important for developing SAAB's skills. The best Swedish WW2 fighter was the J-22, which wasn't made by SAAB, but FFVS and made from hardened steel tubing and wood, but had fairly competitive performance for its days.
As interesting as the A21/J21, if not more, and not being a SAAB, is the FFVS J22.
The fastest fighter in the world(!) during the war. (Per horse power unit.)
The story of the engine used, is interesting in of itself.
It was fast because it was made of steel tubes and plywood.
SAAB 29.It's nice to see the Focke Wulf design made it into the air.
It was based on the Messerschmitt P.1101 though
The Ta 183 FW later become the Mig 15 and the P1101 become the J29
They are somewhat similar, but have a multitude of differences.
Its worth saying that both the mig 15 as well as the J29 have a centrifugal jet engine while both the Ta 183 and P1101 have a axial jet engine. So the J29 is even fatter than the P1101
US and Soviets were not the only countries that 'acquired' German engineers...
The 13.2mm guns had very similar performance to the 50 cal ones, but had HE bullets, making them overall more effective. Although 50 cal ammunition was much cheaper to obtain, so Sweden swapped to 50 cal after the war.
I have a J-21 kit and need to know what flavor of grey it has on the inside..
The picture of Men whit machine gun is actually finns from the winter war
"Some people use this word poorly and it makes them look like pretentious gits."
One moment later...
"utilized"
Slight wing sweep there, interesting
Likes Your i-kee-uhh price increase critics!
Anyway, this was a great aero presentation.
1:54 on the back of that they were actively working with Germans to help them develop new tanks.
4:49 Box art from MJD Models
The Saab J29 was nicknamed "Tunnan" (Barrel) for its shape, so radically different from traditional propeller type fighters. It was followed by J32 Lansen, then Draken, and the latest is J37 Viggen. As far as I know or understand, Finland is still flying a number of the Drakens, along with American made Hornets. By the way, Sweden had besides the make-believe military strength during the WW2, a probably much more potent asset, their high quality iron ore. Even Hitler realized his war production needed it. Without saying so openly, Sweden let Germany understand that the iron ore and steel production would be severely endangered on any hostile action from Germany.
The latest Saab design is 39 Gripen E/F. Finland retired its Drakens quite a while ago.
@@bjornerikroth The latest design is the T-7 Red Hawk. A Saab design with a Boeing logo on it, to make it viable for sale to the US.
You may not get to use this, but the name “Per” is pronounced like “pear” or “pair”, but with a trilled ”r”. A friend was a high school exchange student and he ended changing his name because none of the teachers bothered to try to get it halfway correct.
Hope you learned something
The Swedish Socialist were actually closer to the NAZI's than most Americans think. It's basically the same. The Social Democrat Party in Sweden has internally on their ballots also Workers Party (Arbetarpartiet). That was basically the same in nazi germany, The Nazi party name was NSDAP. The Nationalist Social Democratic Worker Party (in German Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei). For germanic speaking nations, which English once was it's easy to see the similarities between Swedish Arbetarpartiet and German Arbeitpartei. For most part it was basically the same in Sweden and Germany.
"With neutrals you never know where you stand."
Sure you do.
Invade and find out.
It is interesting how Churchill is talking about morale while having Colonies and forcing people into subordination.
And invading Norway...
The illustration at 9:50 looks like the pilot is taking a bath.
I'm sure it's the only fighter with the optional bathtub.
Sweden had maintained that neutrality until tsar vlad the intriguer/invader
did his "special operation" number on Ukraine.
we shall see if the US, through NATO, will allow the Swedish defence industries
(they make pretty decent ships and small arms, as well)
to continue to compete with the bloated merchants of death of the US.
Sweden already sells more stuff to the US than the other way around.
I can only see that increasing because now it will be from within NATO and not quite as embarrassing. 😉
Now call me whatever you want, but this is no doubt based upon the Dutch Fokker G.I. Just like the P38 was (but to this day still not acknowledged for some odd reason)
Rubbish. They certainly didn't invent the twin boom tail.
0:26 Cant say we had much choice back then.
Ikea needs to fix their prices? I'm pretty sure that it isn't their problem.
as a driver i hate SAABs but as a mechanic i really hate SAAB....
Didn't Sweden sell the 40mm L/60 Bofors to all sides?
As well as the Oerlikon 20mm AA gun.
@@lancerevell5979 Oerlikon is Swiss and, yeah, they did the same. Never mind the Swiss banks where a lot of loot was stashed.
I think the Bofors canon was made on license by the US and other countries. It was also copied without consent by other nations.
@@Hiznogood Even with licensing Bofors will have gotten a fee for each licensed unit produced. With licensing the licensed producer will have gotten a full data set with the exact material specifications including treatment parameters, dimensions, tolerances, surface roughness, and welding specifications. In some cases key components will not have the data sets provided but will have been delivered as fully manufactured components ready to use.
Making illegal copies isn't as easy as it seems, though some may have tried. You would need a pristine example - often not available - measure each component, which is feasible, but then have to make a guess about the required tolerances, the materials used and the treatments they have to be subjected to, prior to manufacturing or after. The illegal copy may look the part but chances are somewhere down the line mistakes were made leading to inaccurate firing, jamming, or even exploding after just a few shots.
As neutral, you either sell to all or to none.
This looks like the Japanese late war fighter ( Shinden )
Churchill accusing other people of ignoring morality for profit is pretty funny
This is a PowerPoint file, a slideshow, not a movie. Better in other platforms
"Ikea is supposed to be cheap"
But then hipsters nostalgic for their college days made it trendy and... hip. Its still cheap(er) in Europe IIRC.
Not bad. You covered (albeit covertley) how Sweden allowed the Nazis to send troops and supplies to Northern Norway in 1940. Neutral my arse.
Well, UK did threaten to invade them in 1940.
It was hardly any option. The germans transported on trains. Was not allowed to step of the trains on Swedish territory.
To elaborate a bit more. There was a extensive intelligence/information sent to UK. Ther was a secret route with mosquitos flying regulary to stockholm.
Swedes , housed trained and equipped norwegian resistanse fighters in the north, cloes to the border. Alot of Swedes volentared to the finnish winterwar. With them, Sweden sent alot of equpment. Inkluding Fighters ect.
There was alot, I mean alot of SKF ballbearings shipped to UK. In fishingboats to minimise risk of germans sinking them.
Just to name a few things. In general, Swedens population was on the allied side.
@@RocketSailing I'm well aware that Sweden played both sides during The War.
The train(s) sent to the Germans in Bjørnefjell during the April 1940 battles contained "Red Cross supplies" (actually ammunition, food and reinforcement troops). They were loaded in Stockholm and unloaded before Bjørnefjell in Sweden, as the train crews refused to drive into Norway where a battle was taking place.
Those German troops set foot im Sweden both at the start and the end of their journey.
@@WgCdrLuddite I dont remember. But they where several routs to Norway. Ofcoarse they had to be loaded where the train started, and offloaded at the Norwedian border. Kind of hard to travel by train otherwise. :)
"Maintaining Neutrality By Force" its the only way, we in Sweden did see everyone as an enemy, as Neutral. that´s why so much time and money was put to military development.
Worth remembering that Naz Germany were only right wing in the sense they were right of communists, they are the right wing of the left, not right wing in a more generic sense as they are portrayed today. If you had a left right scale, go waaaaay to the left extreme, socialism, Communism and Nat Socialism were their own left and right within the extreme left. The big bad H even says as much in his book, he learnt from and argued with Marxists whilst he was still one of them until he understood their arguments better than them, then he improved it to better suit the German volk.
He centralized all workers unions, introduced social programs, heck the brownshirt SA malitia had so many communists in their ranks they called them beefsteaks (since Naz were brown, KDP were red).
Socialism, although drawing it's roots from Ancient Greece and 1700s France, manifested in 1800s Germany before it was exported to places like Russia, the Americas and later China.
And yes, Mussolini was a card carrying Marxist.
But you are leaving out the Swedish cruisers. A large reason Germany never invaded was because in the shallow water along the Swedish coast Germany knew their battleship would not be able to maneuver allowing the Swedish cruisers to target the landing craft and effectively making the battleships moot.
Nice video, but I didn't like the "But I think they did it because..." without sources. I like sources.
Fighting both Germany and CCCP, and being a small country must sound like cute dream, right?
the pronunciation is Sveden with a v is the way i heard it, The s is almost dropped.
Invar Camprad, the genius behind IKEA is dead and with him the philosophy of creating good furniture for a reasonable price.
Churchill talking about moral 😂
In our defence (Swedens) we haven't bombed, invaded or colonised in a couple hundred years now soooooo maybe people could start being more like Sweden and we wouldn't have any wars.
Roman saying
If you want peace ,' prepare for war.
The bible also says
Those who turned their swords for plows- plow for those with swords
Without an eject seat it was total madness concept.
The first production SAAB J21 was fitted with an ejection seat developed in Sweden. With some modifications this seat was used in the J21R as well.
They could have blown the prop off instead. Wasn’t there a pusher with that feature? Maybe the Ascender?
@@evanmorris1178German pfeil had this feature.
Such a beautiful bird.
@@garynew9637The Pfiel also had an ejection seat…
Every time a person complains about price one of their hairs turn gray
Has everyone forgotten what Natzi was a shortening of the title National Socialist party that Hitler had purloined for his own use,
Per is pronounced 'Pear'
Sweden never openly allowed materiel to pass their border which it did anyway, thus allowing them to claim neutrality. Given the alternative, it was the only real option.
"Ikea needs to fix their prices" Bruh THERE IS A WAR GOING ON IN EUROPE
Without the invaluable help from Sweden, Denmark wouldn't have been able to save a near 100% of its Jewish Population, not to ever forget!!! But Germany intended to attack Sweden (As stated in a Swedish book, many years ago (And a very funny film, about a German Junckers 52 transport plane, needing to accidentally land in Sweden, during a transport flight!)), but a minor incident named, Stalingrad put an end to the plans!!
Silly idea for a single-engined fighter.
With one engine and a huge fuselage - there was no way it would ever compete with the latest fighters.
40+ mph slower than the latest piston-engined fighters with similarly powerful engines bythe time it entered service.
No idea what the Swedes were thinking here.
☮
When the super cheap billionaire Ingvar Kamprad died the cheapness has been vanishing at IKEA. (He used 1979 Volvo as a daily commuter when he could have used Rolls or Bentley.) In his visit to russia to find almost free workforce for the bookcases he used Toyota Hiace van from 1980's and this happened in 2006.
He was a Nazi!
Fascist involvement
In 1994, the personal letters of the Swedish fascist Per Engdahl were made public, posthumously revealing that Kamprad had joined Engdahl's pro-fascist New Swedish Movement (Nysvenska Rörelsen) in 1942, at age 16.[11] Kamprad had raised funds and recruited members for the group, at least as late as September 1945.[11] When he quit the group is unknown, but he remained a friend of Engdahl until the early 1950s.[16]
Kamprad devoted two chapters to his time in Nysvenska Rörelsen in his book Leading by Design: The IKEA Story and, in a 1994 letter to IKEA employees, called his affiliation with the organization the "greatest mistake of my life".[7] Kamprad explained his teenage engagement in New Swedish Movement as being politically influenced by his father and grandmother in Sudet-Germany.[17] In 2011, journalist Elisabeth Åsbrink published a book Made in Sweden: How the Swedes Are Not Nearly So Egalitarian, Tolerant, Hospitable or Cozy As They Would Like to (Have You) Think in which she revealed that, by 1943, the Swedish Security Service had created a file on Kamprad entitled "Nazi", and that Kamprad had told her, during a 2010 interview, that "Per Engdahl is a great man, and I will maintain that as long as I live."[18][19]
Writing in The Daily Telegraph, in August 2011, Richard Orange noted that the 1943 file proved for the first time that Kamprad "was an active member of Svensk Socialistisk Samling - successor to the Swedish Nationalist Socialist Workers Party - citing his membership number: 4013. It quotes letters intercepted from Mr Kamprad, then 17, in which he enthuses about recruiting new members and says that he "misses no opportunity to work for the movement." Orange added, "The secret service concluded that, as Mr Kamprad received the party's youth newspaper, he must have held "some sort of official position within the organisation."[20] The following day, the BBC reported: "A Swedish expert on far-right extremism, Anna-Lena Lodenius, told Radio Sweden that Mr Kamprad's Nazi involvement could no longer be dismissed as the by-product of an accidental friendship with Per Engdahl. His involvement in another fascist organisation, she said, showed he must have been 'perfectly aware' of what it stood for." The BBC report also noted that a spokesman said that Kamprad "had long admitted flirting with fascism, but that now, "there are no Nazi-sympathising thoughts in Ingvar's head whatsoever."[21
Looks like a plane designed by a committee, or by Blohm & Voss on a bad day.....
Fascist involvement
In 1994, the personal letters of the Swedish fascist Per Engdahl were made public, posthumously revealing that Kamprad had joined Engdahl's pro-fascist New Swedish Movement (Nysvenska Rörelsen) in 1942, at age 16.[11] Kamprad had raised funds and recruited members for the group, at least as late as September 1945.[11] When he quit the group is unknown, but he remained a friend of Engdahl until the early 1950s.[16]
Kamprad devoted two chapters to his time in Nysvenska Rörelsen in his book Leading by Design: The IKEA Story and, in a 1994 letter to IKEA employees, called his affiliation with the organization the "greatest mistake of my life".[7] Kamprad explained his teenage engagement in New Swedish Movement as being politically influenced by his father and grandmother in Sudet-Germany.[17] In 2011, journalist Elisabeth Åsbrink published a book Made in Sweden: How the Swedes Are Not Nearly So Egalitarian, Tolerant, Hospitable or Cozy As They Would Like to (Have You) Think in which she revealed that, by 1943, the Swedish Security Service had created a file on Kamprad entitled "Nazi", and that Kamprad had told her, during a 2010 interview, that "Per Engdahl is a great man, and I will maintain that as long as I live."[18][19]
Writing in The Daily Telegraph, in August 2011, Richard Orange noted that the 1943 file proved for the first time that Kamprad "was an active member of Svensk Socialistisk Samling - successor to the Swedish Nationalist Socialist Workers Party - citing his membership number: 4013. It quotes letters intercepted from Mr Kamprad, then 17, in which he enthuses about recruiting new members and says that he "misses no opportunity to work for the movement." Orange added, "The secret service concluded that, as Mr Kamprad received the party's youth newspaper, he must have held "some sort of official position within the organisation."[20] The following day, the BBC reported: "A Swedish expert on far-right extremism, Anna-Lena Lodenius, told Radio Sweden that Mr Kamprad's Nazi involvement could no longer be dismissed as the by-product of an accidental friendship with Per Engdahl. His involvement in another fascist organisation, she said, showed he must have been 'perfectly aware' of what it stood for." The BBC report also noted that a spokesman said that Kamprad "had long admitted flirting with fascism, but that now, "there are no Nazi-sympathising thoughts in Ingvar's head whatsoever."[21
2:55 Those are Danish soldiers
I think Sweden maintained its neutrality by not being strategically located.
Sweden was way ahead of their time with that logo 😑
I have two 5 shelf "Billy " bookcases right now...
Shut up.
Churchill was absolutely right about Sweeden, but that goes with every neutral country. And the beligerent parties are happy to do buisness with them - and even with each other - through them.
It is nonsense though. Sweden did not profit, Sweden survived.
Ikra swidish for common sense