I'm so pleased you guys focused this episode on non-hollywood and non-european cinema! More attention really ought to be paid to films from outside that particular bubble. As Kurosawa said, "Never having seen a Satyajit Ray film is like never having seen the sun and the moon."
"The occupation forces rounded up and destroyed hundreds of films that were deemed anti-democratic." I hope I'm not the only one that sees the irony in that.
I'm a big fan of Japanese movies ever since I saw Seven Samurai. One of the things they don't point out here is Kurosawa was seen as part of the old guard by guys like Kinji Fukasaku who did the Japanese parts of Tora Tora Tora and made the Yazuka Papers (A sort of anti-Godfather series of movies). Another thing I like to point out this is about Godzilla, that I love, people often don't notice that unlike the American monster movies that were made at the time the movie turns on the action of the female lead.
I can't wait for more modern eras - I'd love to hear about Hayao Miyazaki, and his legendary status as the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney. He even has his katana legend to help describe the troubles that come with adapting movies by sharing between studios and adapting language.
No full episode. It might get a mention in the next episode, but they have to cover Africa, Middle East, and Latin America, which is more than was forced into this one.
Then you haven't been paying attention to European animation. Movies like Ernest and Celestine, The Red Turtle, Secret of the Kells. New and interesting things are coming from Europe.
A bit more on Ray would have been appreciated. Of course i do realise the limitation of time. So hoping for a longer study of the Indian arthouse cinema sometime soon.
After a series covering American and European film, this episode of Crash Course took us elsewhere, from the Orient to India. I suppose you could call it a Journey From the West.
The Orient is basically a blank term for describing anything in Asia. Saying "Orient to India" is like saying "The US to Texas" (For most of history, the Orient was defined as what we now call, The Middle-East)
@CrashCourse Craig, you were wrong about one thing when you spoke of Indian Cinema. The region that makes Tamil, Kannada and Telugu films is called South India, and is collectively called South Indian Cinema. Calling the region Madras is outdated and now it is even considered as a racial stereotype here in India.
Apart from the mention of the works of Satyajit Ray, India cinema seems to be grossly generalized in this video. Indian cinema today, while still adhering (for the most part) to the formulaic film-making techniques of the past century, has incorporated fresh techniques of storytelling highlighting Indian society and its perks and pitfalls. That is modern Indian cinema.
One mainstream bollywood movie which was near perfection, which is like our own "Dances with Wolves" is perhaps "Lagaan". That movie was perfection. And yes it's long! :)
Nice to see Godzilla recognized for its historical significance! Kudos! One critique though: Zhang Yimou's last name Zhang is pronounced "Jahng", similar to John but with a hard J sound and a heavy emphasis on the "NG." ;)
The way English speakers pronounce Zhang is not too far from "Beijing Hua", the official mandarin. But Yimou get assigned random sounds. In this video, it sounded like the bird Emu. Yi is the sound 'ee' Mou is prononced the same as Mo (for real, in pinyin, this extra 'u' is there for no reason)
To those looking for good modern non-mainstream filmmaking in India, check out Hansal Mehta's 3 recent movies, Shahid, Citylights (no relation to Chaplin) and Aligarh, and his upcoming film Simran. He's the best we've got.
Utkarsh Bansal He's not the best we've got definitely, but right up there with the bests without a doubt. Aligarh and Manoj Vajpayee's acting was something even great legends can't pull off.
Utkarsh Bansal So more than filmmakers, I look for great movies. Cause it takes many factors to come together to form a great movie. For example, few Indian filmmakers will ever achieve the beauty of storytelling of Rang De Basanti, but Rakesh Mehra's other creations did not match up. Nonetheless I am a fan of Vishal Bharadwaj's work (save Rangoon - haven't seen it but it didn't look appealing from the trailer itself). Few have tried their hand at a range of as diverse cinema as Anurag Kashyap has. Raju Hirani, in terms of cracking mass cinema without compromising on quality content, is a league apart. Some other great work I saw recently was by Rajat Kapoor, Shakun Batra, Pan Nalin, Shoojit Sircar, Shonali Bose, Gauri Shinde, Vikramaditya Motwane, Neeraj Ghaywan (and Varun Grover who wrote the masterpiece Masaan), Leena Yadav, Vikas Bahl and so many more. And these are only from the past 2-3 years. Indian cinema is really developing in terms of quality filmmaking and as long as the censor board doesn't screw it up, I think we'll do very well very soon.
Annie Those are some great picks, though Hansal Mehta is definitely my favourite. I know everyone loves Raju Hirani, but his films don't really work for me unfortunately. As filmmakers who create mass entertainment with quality, the first name that comes to my mind is Zoya Akhtar.
Yasujiro Ozu is quite possibly my favorite director and has been a HUGE influence on my films and my filmmaking style. A lot of things that people dig about them I often have stolen directly from him. Y'all should check out my films if you want to see what I'm talking about, specifically Jimmy The Limo Driver
It's so great to hear about how different places' cinema have developed, and I would love to see more in-depth discussions of each of these. Also, I know it's hard to pronounce Chinese names, but can you guys at least make a bit of an effort and not just make wild guesses that sound nothing like the actual pronunciation?
So let me get this straight, Japanese Samurai moves were based on Shakespeare and American Crime dramas which then in turn inspired American Westerns which in turn inspired India's biggest movie.
Everyone forgets the third retelling of the Seven Samurai: Battle Beyond the Stars. Robert Vaughn even played the same character in both this film and John Sturges one.
I hope the Iranian new wave gets a mention next episode. Has anyone else seen 'This is Not a Film'? It's such an interesting documentary! I have so much respect for Jafar Panahi.
Telugu and Kannada film industries were based out of Chennai(Madras) only till the 1970s or so. Post that telugu industry is based out of Hyderabad and Kannada out of Bangalore.
These comments are full of everyone from every country wanting them to cover something based on their country. I guess we have to hear about the movie industry in every single country to be fair.
Just to reassure you and the others expressing their disappointment, I personally don't see how this couldn't be covered more in depth in a future episode - the sheer numbers presented (25% of today's film production for instance) imply much more needs to be said about Bollywood and Indian cinema in general!
Wong Kar Wai & John Wu!!! Two examples of the best directors in the world. Did Lucas and Spielberg flew off to JP and fronted Kurosawa 💴💵💰💶💷💰💰💰 when Kurosawa's own studio ran out of money?
Unrequited love is not the central theme featured in Wong Kar-wai's body of work. It is the central theme of his most famous film, In the Mode for Love. His body of work primarily examines the themes of desire, isolation and memories. Unrequited love fits with those themes but does not embody the. All black horses are horses, but not all horses are black. Just because it is a theme featured in one film, does not mean the same theme is central to all of the director's films. Please do your research better.
I watched an Indian movie called DDLJ, allegedly is been on the Mumbai theater for more than 20 years, because of a previous job I learn that was the favorite movie of many many Indians so I look it up
I don't like Indian films much, but I do like bangra music which comes from them. Got a bangra dance workout DVD and that is fun. I owe India for making working out more fun, with that and yoga. :)
No, but I heartily recommend the podcast "Do Go On" and their episode about the Academy Awards. VERY enlightening... and more than a little frustrating. - Nick J.
That was an awfully miniscule amount of time for an industry producing a quarter of the world's movies, mate! I get the overall paucity of time but even with this video, the Indian film industry got the least time! Would've loved to hear some more about them and the masterpieces they have produced.
You didn't even mention Yojimbo being plagiarized by Clint Eastwood's breakthrough movie: A Fistful of Dollars, which was the first in the Dollars Trilogy, which ends with his most famous movie: "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly"
I have seen a lot of movies made prior to 2000s, but I cant put any of them in MY top5 list. There are classics like Sholay, Mughle-azam, Guide, Deewar, Zanjeer, Jaane bhi do yaaro, Golmaal and many others.
I hate how people complain about making remakes of foreign films. People were making a big deal about "Death Note" recently. However, movies like a fistful of dollars, the magnificent 7, the ring etc were still great movies based off Japanese works.
Conall McCormick I think the outrage against Death Note is because it doesn't really translate culturally. Having a murderous teen with a skewed sense of vigilante justice in Japan is a more novel idea since gun laws are so strict not even the police have them, only the mafia. In America, if a teen was unstable enough to do what Light does, he could just get a gun without much effort.
Sure, Studio Ghibli is important, but the studio didn't create its first film until Nausicaa in 1984 (and even that was before the studio's founding), while this deals specifically with post-war Japanese film
I'm so pleased you guys focused this episode on non-hollywood and non-european cinema! More attention really ought to be paid to films from outside that particular bubble. As Kurosawa said, "Never having seen a Satyajit Ray film is like never having seen the sun and the moon."
"The occupation forces rounded up and destroyed hundreds of films that were deemed anti-democratic."
I hope I'm not the only one that sees the irony in that.
"If you lend Yasujiro money, he Ozu" was so funny.
I don't care what I'm watching, when I get the CrashCourse uploaded: Film History alert, I come here.
Carl Sagan I heard you were dead
Luiz Albano not if there is a film history video
Carl Sagan Same
He is not dead bro, didn't you hear, he transplanted his brain into a robot and is right here in You Tube
This )and CC Philosophy, and Mythology) are the best in the Crash Course series, I love seeing theses videos pop up in my feed.
I'm a big fan of Japanese movies ever since I saw Seven Samurai. One of the things they don't point out here is Kurosawa was seen as part of the old guard by guys like Kinji Fukasaku who did the Japanese parts of Tora Tora Tora and made the Yazuka Papers (A sort of anti-Godfather series of movies). Another thing I like to point out this is about Godzilla, that I love, people often don't notice that unlike the American monster movies that were made at the time the movie turns on the action of the female lead.
A new Crash Course: Film History video on my birthday? BEST BIRTHDAY GIFT EVER.
Peter nicks it is my birthday too!!!!! though in my timezone (central africa), it's already July 21. HBD!🎂
I can't wait for more modern eras - I'd love to hear about Hayao Miyazaki, and his legendary status as the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney. He even has his katana legend to help describe the troubles that come with adapting movies by sharing between studios and adapting language.
Kurosawa's Yojimbo was also remade as A Fistful Of Dollars and later Last Man Standing with Bruce Willis...
I wish these episodes were an hour long, I could watch them for days
Why hasn't early animation been talked about? I'm talking about Max Fleisher and Walt Disney cartoons which played before regular films.
YESSSS. I hope they make an episode of Mexican Cinema. Movies from the golden era of mexican cinema hold up surprisingly well for today standards.
I just want to see more of any not hollywood (I know all about america usa film already hollywood is everywhere)
I admit I don't know any beyond El Topo
No full episode. It might get a mention in the next episode, but they have to cover Africa, Middle East, and Latin America, which is more than was forced into this one.
Anything with Mario Moreno in it is just Gold.
Why is there not an episode about movies filmed in Nebraska? MANY movies were filmed in Nebraska, and they didn't even mention Nebraska yet.
I think this might be my favorite episode yet! It's so interesting!
"The Magneficient Fourteen", I laughed, and almost spit the canjica I'm eating.
that was a class joke, the delivery was legendary!
Panino Manino ggghhhfffxdbjkg
Panino Manino
Can you do a episode about animation? I think it can be interesting. I love this course!
Yes. I'm always a fan of both American and Japanese animation. And at this point in time, it's entering an influence loop.
Then you haven't been paying attention to European animation. Movies like Ernest and Celestine, The Red Turtle, Secret of the Kells. New and interesting things are coming from Europe.
Thanks for mentioning Sholay.....it still holds a special place in all indian movie lovers.
I need to get my hands on these movies! Thank you crash course!
I kind of want a Comic Book History Crash Course series hosted by Comic Book Girl 19. I would watch that all day.
A bit more on Ray would have been appreciated. Of course i do realise the limitation of time. So hoping for a longer study of the Indian arthouse cinema sometime soon.
After a series covering American and European film, this episode of Crash Course took us elsewhere, from the Orient to India. I suppose you could call it a Journey From the West.
The Orient is basically a blank term for describing anything in Asia. Saying "Orient to India" is like saying "The US to Texas"
(For most of history, the Orient was defined as what we now call, The Middle-East)
Toonrick12 lol but India is Asia my friend 😂
VAMSI ACHARYA thats what he meant.
Mrbrain bob Aaaw...read it incorrectly, my bad !!
VAMSI ACHARYA happens to the best of us.
Love this guy!
Hey Crash Course! As of today, I'm a film student, thanks to your amazing course!
Yeah Nick!!
Craig I wish you were my film professor at my college. Your awesome.
@CrashCourse Craig, you were wrong about one thing when you spoke of Indian Cinema. The region that makes Tamil, Kannada and Telugu films is called South India, and is collectively called South Indian Cinema. Calling the region Madras is outdated and now it is even considered as a racial stereotype here in India.
still waiting for crash course musical history 🙏🙏🙏
Apart from the mention of the works of Satyajit Ray, India cinema seems to be grossly generalized in this video. Indian cinema today, while still adhering (for the most part) to the formulaic film-making techniques of the past century, has incorporated fresh techniques of storytelling highlighting Indian society and its perks and pitfalls. That is modern Indian cinema.
One mainstream bollywood movie which was near perfection, which is like our own "Dances with Wolves" is perhaps "Lagaan". That movie was perfection. And yes it's long! :)
Nice to see Godzilla recognized for its historical significance! Kudos! One critique though: Zhang Yimou's last name Zhang is pronounced "Jahng", similar to John but with a hard J sound and a heavy emphasis on the "NG." ;)
Evan Sizemore ah, poop. Sorry, that's my fault. I researched it, too :(
The way English speakers pronounce Zhang is not too far from "Beijing Hua", the official mandarin.
But Yimou get assigned random sounds. In this video, it sounded like the bird Emu.
Yi is the sound 'ee'
Mou is prononced the same as Mo (for real, in pinyin, this extra 'u' is there for no reason)
Who needs film school when you've got videos like this? 💁🏾 I post vlogs on my channel but I try to give them a cinematic twist.
Expected a more detailed study, please do a segment on Indian cinema specifically, it does (roughly) produce a quarter of the world's films!
Me: please talk about old boy, please talk about old boy. Come on, I heard a former poet laureate talk about it.
Cool video!
A Bug's Life is The Seven Samurai as farce. So you can add that one to the list of cross pollinated Kirasawa movies. :)
Thank you again!!!!
Yea Nick!!!
Great video! Thank you
Yeh doshti
You mentioned Sholay, it's an amazing watch!!!
To those looking for good modern non-mainstream filmmaking in India, check out Hansal Mehta's 3 recent movies, Shahid, Citylights (no relation to Chaplin) and Aligarh, and his upcoming film Simran. He's the best we've got.
Utkarsh Bansal He's not the best we've got definitely, but right up there with the bests without a doubt. Aligarh and Manoj Vajpayee's acting was something even great legends can't pull off.
Annie Who are some filmmakers you prefer?
tsilihin xuaF Very good, but lays out its whole message in a long speech, so will come off as preachy to some.
Utkarsh Bansal So more than filmmakers, I look for great movies. Cause it takes many factors to come together to form a great movie. For example, few Indian filmmakers will ever achieve the beauty of storytelling of Rang De Basanti, but Rakesh Mehra's other creations did not match up.
Nonetheless I am a fan of Vishal Bharadwaj's work (save Rangoon - haven't seen it but it didn't look appealing from the trailer itself). Few have tried their hand at a range of as diverse cinema as Anurag Kashyap has. Raju Hirani, in terms of cracking mass cinema without compromising on quality content, is a league apart. Some other great work I saw recently was by Rajat Kapoor, Shakun Batra, Pan Nalin, Shoojit Sircar, Shonali Bose, Gauri Shinde, Vikramaditya Motwane, Neeraj Ghaywan (and Varun Grover who wrote the masterpiece Masaan), Leena Yadav, Vikas Bahl and so many more.
And these are only from the past 2-3 years. Indian cinema is really developing in terms of quality filmmaking and as long as the censor board doesn't screw it up, I think we'll do very well very soon.
Annie Those are some great picks, though Hansal Mehta is definitely my favourite. I know everyone loves Raju Hirani, but his films don't really work for me unfortunately. As filmmakers who create mass entertainment with quality, the first name that comes to my mind is Zoya Akhtar.
I really hope you guys do a crash course on animation. There's too much of it to cover in this series. A series on television would be awesome too.
SCREW THE NOTIFICATION SQUAD I'M ALWAYS ON RUclips
TheApoke #alwaysonsquad
Same.
TheApoke sadly yes
Yasujiro Ozu is quite possibly my favorite director and has been a HUGE influence on my films and my filmmaking style. A lot of things that people dig about them I often have stolen directly from him. Y'all should check out my films if you want to see what I'm talking about, specifically Jimmy The Limo Driver
From Tampopo to Mr Vampire!
It's so great to hear about how different places' cinema have developed, and I would love to see more in-depth discussions of each of these. Also, I know it's hard to pronounce Chinese names, but can you guys at least make a bit of an effort and not just make wild guesses that sound nothing like the actual pronunciation?
So let me get this straight, Japanese Samurai moves were based on Shakespeare and American Crime dramas which then in turn inspired American Westerns which in turn inspired India's biggest movie.
floooooooooooooooood Its the cirrrcle... The circle of influeeeeeeence...
I was hoping you mentioned Hayao Miyazaki and Takeshi Kitano.
This makes me want to watch more international films 😊
Can't wait for my Sci-fi film history Idea to take place soon.
I hope they talk about the Egyptian cinema industry, one of the oldest in the world.
Hope the world understand one day that Indian cinema is not just about Bollywood. The regional languages produces more quality movies.
thanks
I only came to watch the bit about Indian cinema please do more about it :D
2:46
Thanks for waking my cat up.
Everyone forgets the third retelling of the Seven Samurai: Battle Beyond the Stars. Robert Vaughn even played the same character in both this film and John Sturges one.
I legitimately forgot that was a retelling of 7S. Completely slipped my mind!
- Nick J.
I hope the Iranian new wave gets a mention next episode. Has anyone else seen 'This is Not a Film'? It's such an interesting documentary! I have so much respect for Jafar Panahi.
It's a good day!
Wow a video about the green parts of Not-America
I hope you talk about Old Boy in part II :3
You forgot to mention that A Bug's Life was also inspired by Seven Samurai.
*I'm a simple man i see Gojira in a thumbnail i click*
Same
Telugu and Kannada film industries were based out of Chennai(Madras) only till the 1970s or so. Post that telugu industry is based out of Hyderabad and Kannada out of Bangalore.
Wow I'm early... should probably watch this before I comment. Whoops.
I think a Tokusatsu Crash Course would be interesting
7 samurai was Actually remade 3 times the third time being A bug's life.
You forgot The Three Amigos
I left it out because it was only 3 and not the full seven, but yes it technically counts.
A Bug's Life was based on the fable of The Ant and the Grasshopper.
Jus10Ed mixed with 7 samurai, the whole going to town to get warriors is the exact plot of 7 samurai.
I see the parallel but I don't think Pixar has ever said it was an influence on the film. *shrug
Surprised didn't allocate a full episode to each country (rather than the shared)
I really hope they give some shout out to Miyazaki at some point
He will in the animated movie section probably
Rosalie Kitchen for
Rosalie Kitchen . Mnvvbvvvchfvvccccvghubcftyyyu7ii8
Next week will give us whiplash. Why not break this into three episodes? Especially if you lead off saying "Two weeks isn't enough."
8:29 i hear you, bro...
Guru dhath should mentioned if you ever talk about great hindi cinema
hope to see something about scandinavian movie history
Troll Hunter is 1 of my top 10 movies of all time.
These comments are full of everyone from every country wanting them to cover something based on their country. I guess we have to hear about the movie industry in every single country to be fair.
I think we need a whole CrashCourse series for Bollywood and Indian cinema, I'm a bit deceived by the little 3 minutes.
Yeah! I know nothing other than the bright colors and music from Bollywood and didn't even know there were others.
Biscuits de fortune yeah and it's very outdated. as well. he thinks Bollywood is still stuck at 6 lavish songs and mythological stories. SAD
Biscuits de fortune Talking about Indian cinema and not mentioning the master, Guru Dutt, is a crime.
Just to reassure you and the others expressing their disappointment, I personally don't see how this couldn't be covered more in depth in a future episode - the sheer numbers presented (25% of today's film production for instance) imply much more needs to be said about Bollywood and Indian cinema in general!
There are 2 episodes remaining, and we know from this one what the next one is. There's no room for more.
Wong Kar Wai & John Wu!!! Two examples of the best directors in the world. Did Lucas and Spielberg flew off to JP and fronted Kurosawa 💴💵💰💶💷💰💰💰 when Kurosawa's own studio ran out of money?
I don't know for sure, but my understanding is that (at least Lucas) helped Kurosawa finish "Dreams."
- Nick J.
CrashCourse a question: any plan to do an episode on the Shaw Brothers of Hong Kong? I hope PBS does fund more episodes on world cinema.
Bollywood is from Mumbai ...not "Bombay" [7:40]
Unrequited love is not the central theme featured in Wong Kar-wai's body of work. It is the central theme of his most famous film, In the Mode for Love.
His body of work primarily examines the themes of desire, isolation and memories. Unrequited love fits with those themes but does not embody the. All black horses are horses, but not all horses are black. Just because it is a theme featured in one film, does not mean the same theme is central to all of the director's films. Please do your research better.
his godzilla was on point
It's a shame Mizoguchi wasn't mentioned, Ugetsu might just be the best Japanese film ever made
Blackspoltation films next, please! 🎶They say this dude Shaft is a baaaad muther...🎶
I watched an Indian movie called DDLJ, allegedly is been on the Mumbai theater for more than 20 years, because of a previous job I learn that was the favorite movie of many many Indians so I look it up
Varoon yes you'd be surprised how many people from india stated that was their favorite movie, I watched it and did like it :)
Again with the eagle punching!
"I can't even hold a job that long!" XD
I noticed you didn't touch Taiwan. "Eat Drink Man Woman" is one of my favorite films.
I don't like Indian films much, but I do like bangra music which comes from them. Got a bangra dance workout DVD and that is fun. I owe India for making working out more fun, with that and yoga. :)
Sholay for life :)
I got to watch it for the first time in prep for this episode and... what a ride!
- Nick J.
Yeeeesss!!!!
I hope they talk about South Korean cinema in a future video.
Every single country will be mentioned. Don't worry. Or maybe every single country won't be mentioned.
What are your thoughts on Caché?
Sir Please suggest me relevant book of world cinema .
I do think that they gave quite less time to indian cinema and that also had some sort of stereotyping about songs and characters
A little disappointed Miyazaki didn’t get a nod- Hollywood directors have praised his films and Pixar considers them their biggest early influence.
So I take it we'll get a whole episode on the Oscar's/Academy?
No, but I heartily recommend the podcast "Do Go On" and their episode about the Academy Awards. VERY enlightening... and more than a little frustrating.
- Nick J.
CrashCourse well that's disappointing, but will do!
Yes yes yes
That was an awfully miniscule amount of time for an industry producing a quarter of the world's movies, mate! I get the overall paucity of time but even with this video, the Indian film industry got the least time! Would've loved to hear some more about them and the masterpieces they have produced.
You didn't even mention Yojimbo being plagiarized by Clint Eastwood's breakthrough movie: A Fistful of Dollars, which was the first in the Dollars Trilogy, which ends with his most famous movie: "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly"
5 Indian movies to watch before you die: Lagaan, Taare Zameen Par, Swades, Dilwale dulhaniya le jayenge (DDLJ), Lage Raho Munnabhai
Feel free to skip DDLJ and watch Rang de Basanti or Dangal instead
Rishabh Somani That's an extremely sad list of movies to watch before you die. India has produced far FAR better movies than those.
Please enlightenment us with a few tittles
I have seen a lot of movies made prior to 2000s, but I cant put any of them in MY top5 list. There are classics like Sholay, Mughle-azam, Guide, Deewar, Zanjeer, Jaane bhi do yaaro, Golmaal and many others.
He really looks like a knockoff Vsauce Michael now.
Edit: This guy always has, I haven't watched any of this channels new videos in like six months
No mention of Scandinavian cinema, like Ingmar Bergman?
Wasn’t it called Pather Panchali?
I hate how people complain about making remakes of foreign films. People were making a big deal about "Death Note" recently. However, movies like a fistful of dollars, the magnificent 7, the ring etc were still great movies based off Japanese works.
Conall McCormick I think the outrage against Death Note is because it doesn't really translate culturally. Having a murderous teen with a skewed sense of vigilante justice in Japan is a more novel idea since gun laws are so strict not even the police have them, only the mafia. In America, if a teen was unstable enough to do what Light does, he could just get a gun without much effort.
Can we have film theory next please?
Up next is Film Production with Lily Gladstone. After that we'll be doing Film Criticism with Michael Aranda :)
- Nick J.
CrashCourse Hooray! Thanks Crash Course! :)
Exciting to see Michael on Crash Course too.
You mentioned Japan's film culture without Studio Ghibli in any form or shape?
Sure, Studio Ghibli is important, but the studio didn't create its first film until Nausicaa in 1984 (and even that was before the studio's founding), while this deals specifically with post-war Japanese film