I completely agree with this, it's actually helped me feel less pressure to always have the answers, and embrace the idea of learning together instead. That takes a lot of stress off if you happen to be the person in the room that everybody turns to for geology questions. You don't always know the answers, but you can always invite them to learn with you!
Love your roadtrip episodes. Thank you for taking the time and explaining visually the difference between a sill and dike, would have loved to have had you as a Professor back in the day.
Nick, thank you for breaking this down so it's understandable to non geologists. I really appreciate this so much and why you are such a phenomenal teacher.
Keep on tromping around. This speaks to the enjoyment of getting out of the urban environment, looking at stuff, wondering about what the heck it is, and why taking the back roads fulfills the soul. The drive to Spokane next summer (from SoCal) continues to evolve.
From Wikipedia: Fiamme are lens-shapes, usually millimetres to centimetres in size, seen on surfaces of some volcaniclastic rocks. They can occur in welded pyroclastic fall deposits and in ignimbrites, which are the deposits of pumiceous pyroclastic density currents. The name fiamme comes from the Italian word for flames, describing their shape. The term is descriptive and non-genetic. Fiamme are most typical of welded lapilli-tuffs and are commonly found in association with eutaxitic textures, best seen under the microscope.
You are getting to be one of my favorite Western forest explorers now Nick. Not because of the forests in the Cascades themselves but what geology lies around them. Much thanks for the work in putting a video like this together.
Viewing from salt lake City, Utah, my dad & I enjoyed your video! We've been in the vicinity of Mount Rainier many times. Mom & Dad met while at Central Washington State college many years ago.
Remarkable how well fine details are preserved in Ohanapecosh exposures. Wondering if the structures responsible for lifting these valley deposits to their current elevation are equally well preserved. I would expect to see considerable crumpling and sizeable faults in these mountains built just inboard of the plate margin.
I forgot to comment the other day when I watched this but was reminded when the Sunrise video came out. The green Ohanhapecosh showed up really well for me for the first time in the shade here. You seemed bummed about it not being sunny but for my TV and computer, it was the first time I could see the crazy color of that rock!
Thanks Nick. Really learned something there! I've been trompin around those hills for 40 years and you just answered a question I've had for the last couple of them. I've been picking up some interesting rocks for garden and they are green blue with breccha of red purple and white + Also reddish with mostly green purple broken pieces cemented together they are hard and cut nicely on the rock saw. I've polished some slabs and they are beautiful like a expensive marble counter top. Make great coasters????( hmm) when's your birthday Nick....anyways basically the cispus river area and I am assuming it's somehow related... Anyways great to see you love these little unexpected surprises!!!! ❤U2
I keep a copy of “Glossary of Geology” in my iPad. I had to pause a minute to look up “fiamme”… that was a new one for me! Thanks for an interesting video, Nick!
Nice little field trip to start the day! Thanks for taking us along Nick, and bringing more wonder into my world. Now I wonder if evey time we see green rocks, do we suspect a seawater element to the story, for instance. Now I wonder where the shoreline was during Ohanapekosh times. Looking forward to some future answers this winter!
The shade is not a problem, I think that the green color comes through better, and there is not so much contrast/glare that would obscure some of the fine details in the road cut.🎉
It didn't make sense to me before as to how the Straight creek fault could / would still be active when the (modern) Cascade arc started, but I think I got it with the concept of near trench magmas when transitioning back to subduction from transform, and it makes sense that there wouldn't be uplift during the time of the Straight creek fault, therefore understandable that the uplift would come later. I figure there would be some uplift as the modern Cascade arc evolved, but would imagine that the uplift 'really' started ~18 Ma when the (new) clockwise rotation started (~18 Ma starting again according to Basil).
14:00: Are these possibly the mafic enclaves that Jeff Tepper was describing In the Granite Falls Pluton video? There's a little fleck of Ohanapakosh green mixed in and it appears to be finer grained at the edges which matches what Dr. Tepper was describing.
Lapilli result from still molten droplets of lava falling out of the air. Fiamme (Italian for 'flame') are flame-shaped inclusions, resulting from shearing and compaction of still-hot clasts of pumice and the like being blasted from a vent and incorporated into a welded tuff. Altogether, the mudstones suggest a watery, marshy, near-shore environment, disturbed by explosive volcanic eruptions, some evidently flinging material through the air, and others dumping hot shredded flows onto slopes below water. I guess... 😂
It's a SILL?!? I had no idea. Thank you, thank you, THANK YOU for revisiting this formation. Now i have to go look up the "Tatoosh sill". 😁. I'm a few days late seeing this one, i'm in the middle if moving from Pocatello to Lava Hot Springs... Bunch of interesting columnar basalt over here in the Bonneville flood zone, too.
Love learning about things that are laid down between others. It always fascinates me how nature works. Is there any way we can get copies of the papers you have so we can read them and use them at such places if we are blessed to be able to go in person? Thank you for being our teacher. :D
Is it possible that the initial eruption(s) of rainier were more silica rich at the earliest stage, and for weaker seams between the rock layers rather than breaching the surface?
Excellent, thank you! Are there any Google Maps layers that have been created with your stops and descriptions? If not, that seems like a good extra credit project for a student!
I'm in Indiana but I watch so many of your videos. We go backpacking out there once a year and I'm always spurting some random geology as we pass certain spots. It's so fun to see them in person after watching so many videos! I don't remember seeing the green that shows up in your videos. I don't think I've been on the roads you have been on though. Are they REALLY that green? Because on my phone they look beautiful!
I've been reading about geology informally for _many_ years. I learned something new: I was well aware of dikes and a bit less sills, but never knew what the definition of a "sill" is. Now I do, as a result of your discussion piquing my interest to look it up. BTW, that orange sill really stood out in the background of your introductory discussion, didn't it?
A sill is an approximately horizontal flattened structure formed by injecting a magma into a weak area between sedimentary strata, often accompanied by thermal alteration of contact rocks. In cross section, sills are often depicted in a flattened mushroom shape with a feeder dike coming up from below.
@@dippyanddakota Partially, but more on how the rocks above and below perform as a mold. Sill magma would cool more slowly and remain at low viscosity longer than a surface basaltic lava would.
I love that you allow us to learn with you.
I love it that you are not afraid of letting us know that you don’t know everything. It helps me know that I to can continue to learn new information.
I completely agree with this, it's actually helped me feel less pressure to always have the answers, and embrace the idea of learning together instead. That takes a lot of stress off if you happen to be the person in the room that everybody turns to for geology questions. You don't always know the answers, but you can always invite them to learn with you!
Thanks for the field trip professor. The video quality and colors were good enough to see the details. Well worth the trip you made.
Love your roadtrip episodes. Thank you for taking the time and explaining visually the difference between a sill and dike, would have loved to have had you as a Professor back in the day.
these are probably my favorite kinds of your videos, walking (or driving) and talking about what you see
Nick, thank you for breaking this down so it's understandable to non geologists. I really appreciate this so much and why you are such a phenomenal teacher.
Keep on tromping around. This speaks to the enjoyment of getting out of the urban environment, looking at stuff, wondering about what the heck it is, and why taking the back roads fulfills the soul. The drive to Spokane next summer (from SoCal) continues to evolve.
Making a difference with each video, we all appreciate the energy and effort to make these available to so many people!
Beautiful! Thank you for taking us with you Nick. Ohhh, early Cascades!
Wow, I just missed you Nick, I was in Rainer National Park on the same day!
Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!
From Wikipedia: Fiamme are lens-shapes, usually millimetres to centimetres in size, seen on surfaces of some volcaniclastic rocks. They can occur in welded pyroclastic fall deposits and in ignimbrites, which are the deposits of pumiceous pyroclastic density currents. The name fiamme comes from the Italian word for flames, describing their shape. The term is descriptive and non-genetic.
Fiamme are most typical of welded lapilli-tuffs and are commonly found in association with eutaxitic textures, best seen under the microscope.
You’re the man Nick. Thank you for sharing
Regardless of the subject of your videos, I always learn so much. It's always a joy to see a new video from Prof Nick appear in my play list.
At 76, still learning about geology, this presention being an excellent case in point.
You are getting to be one of my favorite Western forest explorers now Nick. Not because of the forests in the Cascades themselves but what geology lies around them. Much thanks for the work in putting a video like this together.
Not knowing everything is one of the most important part of being a good scientist. Right up there with saying things like “I was wrong.”
Great video! Thank you for taking us exploring!
Viewing from salt lake City, Utah, my dad & I enjoyed your video! We've been in the vicinity of Mount Rainier many times. Mom & Dad met while at Central Washington State college many years ago.
Remarkable how well fine details are preserved in Ohanapecosh exposures. Wondering if the structures responsible for lifting these valley deposits to their current elevation are equally well preserved. I would expect to see considerable crumpling and sizeable faults in these mountains built just inboard of the plate margin.
A crisp morning in beautiful Mt. Rainier NP. And a lesson in how it was all created millions of years ago. Very cool video.
That's very educational, I love it when you just get out and explore what is there.
Nick, I wish I could tag along with you. Love your adventures. ⛏
Awesome. Thank you.
Kirk living in Sweden, from Salt Lake City
Cool, Nick! I was just there Aug 31, 2024! Thanks for the education.
Thank you, again, Nick!
A thank you to Nick from Peter Curtis from Exmouth UK 🇬🇧
I forgot to comment the other day when I watched this but was reminded when the Sunrise video came out. The green Ohanhapecosh showed up really well for me for the first time in the shade here. You seemed bummed about it not being sunny but for my TV and computer, it was the first time I could see the crazy color of that rock!
44 degrees. Wish I was there! Thx, Nick.
Yes, its 97 F here at the moment.....
Thanks Nick. Really learned something there! I've been trompin around those hills for 40 years and you just answered a question I've had for the last couple of them.
I've been picking up some interesting rocks for garden and they are green blue with breccha of red purple and white +
Also reddish with mostly green purple broken pieces cemented together they are hard and cut nicely on the rock saw. I've polished some slabs and they are beautiful like a expensive marble counter top. Make great coasters????( hmm) when's your birthday Nick....anyways basically the cispus river area and I am assuming it's somehow related...
Anyways great to see you love these little unexpected surprises!!!!
❤U2
Love these videos
Fascinating information. Thank you for sharing it with all of us!😊
I keep a copy of “Glossary of Geology” in my iPad. I had to pause a minute to look up “fiamme”… that was a new one for me! Thanks for an interesting video, Nick!
I was just hiking through the Tatoosh range a week ago wondering about quite a few sections of rock formations....and then this video comes out.
can totally see the green. very neat
So fun! Thanks, Nick. I'll look for this very soon, if all goes as planned.
Nice little field trip to start the day! Thanks for taking us along Nick, and bringing more wonder into my world. Now I wonder if evey time we see green rocks, do we suspect a seawater element to the story, for instance. Now I wonder where the shoreline was during Ohanapekosh times. Looking forward to some future answers this winter!
Thanks Nick, good stuff❤
The shade is not a problem, I think that the green color comes through better, and there is not so much contrast/glare that would obscure some of the fine details in the road cut.🎉
It didn't make sense to me before as to how the Straight creek fault could / would still be active when the (modern) Cascade arc started, but I think I got it with the concept of near trench magmas when transitioning back to subduction from transform, and it makes sense that there wouldn't be uplift during the time of the Straight creek fault, therefore understandable that the uplift would come later. I figure there would be some uplift as the modern Cascade arc evolved, but would imagine that the uplift 'really' started ~18 Ma when the (new) clockwise rotation started (~18 Ma starting again according to Basil).
Love it, keep on keeping on, yeah baby!!!
14:00: Are these possibly the mafic enclaves that Jeff Tepper was describing In the Granite Falls Pluton video? There's a little fleck of Ohanapakosh green mixed in and it appears to be finer grained at the edges which matches what Dr. Tepper was describing.
Lapilli result from still molten droplets of lava falling out of the air. Fiamme (Italian for 'flame') are flame-shaped inclusions, resulting from shearing and compaction of still-hot clasts of pumice and the like being blasted from a vent and incorporated into a welded tuff. Altogether, the mudstones suggest a watery, marshy, near-shore environment, disturbed by explosive volcanic eruptions, some evidently flinging material through the air, and others dumping hot shredded flows onto slopes below water. I guess... 😂
color aside, you can certainly see the pumice texture within the basalt.
It's a SILL?!? I had no idea. Thank you, thank you, THANK YOU for revisiting this formation. Now i have to go look up the "Tatoosh sill". 😁. I'm a few days late seeing this one, i'm in the middle if moving from Pocatello to Lava Hot Springs... Bunch of interesting columnar basalt over here in the Bonneville flood zone, too.
The green doesn't show up that well looks blue, but the clasts are popping out.
Love learning about things that are laid down between others. It always fascinates me how nature works. Is there any way we can get copies of the papers you have so we can read them and use them at such places if we are blessed to be able to go in person? Thank you for being our teacher. :D
Your ongoing postings about Pacific Northwest Geology are chicken soup for the soul. 🙂
❤
Is it possible that the initial eruption(s) of rainier were more silica rich at the earliest stage, and for weaker seams between the rock layers rather than breaching the surface?
A starting point for building a volcanic range, first eruptions?
The green shows up well on closeups. Otherwise it's bluish gray.
Excellent, thank you! Are there any Google Maps layers that have been created with your stops and descriptions? If not, that seems like a good extra credit project for a student!
I'm in Indiana but I watch so many of your videos. We go backpacking out there once a year and I'm always spurting some random geology as we pass certain spots. It's so fun to see them in person after watching so many videos! I don't remember seeing the green that shows up in your videos. I don't think I've been on the roads you have been on though. Are they REALLY that green? Because on my phone they look beautiful!
Thanks I’ll be out your way late September
So if I understand this correctly a sill is a horizontal magmatic intrusion and a dike is a vertical magmatic intrusion?
Where does a person find these papers to bring along when traveling?
How is it vertical and close by horizontal bedding on other formation, can land form so haphazardly
Green, but NOT due to being oceanic crust or deep mantle material?
I've been reading about geology informally for _many_ years. I learned something new: I was well aware of dikes and a bit less sills, but never knew what the definition of a "sill" is. Now I do, as a result of your discussion piquing my interest to look it up. BTW, that orange sill really stood out in the background of your introductory discussion, didn't it?
😎
does someone have a link to the paper shown at the beginning?
www.geology.cwu.edu/facstaff/nick/gCASCADES/2017_Jutzeler_Ohana.pdf
Tatoosh- in the Polish language "tatuś", sounds the same and means 'daddy'.
Could call it a "daddy' of a sill.
I'm sorry, but what is sill? I don't know all the geological terms
A sill is an approximately horizontal flattened structure formed by injecting a magma into a weak area between sedimentary strata, often accompanied by thermal alteration of contact rocks. In cross section, sills are often depicted in a flattened mushroom shape with a feeder dike coming up from below.
Copy, I Googled it as well. So in other words, magma was upwelling and then dispersed between the layers of rock much like a lava flow on the surface
I should have said flattened, as my description is more like a laccolith, being a hump rather than like a sheet cake.
@@richarddavies7419 I'd think that the shape would be dependant on viscosity/temp/structural stresses, etc.
@@dippyanddakota Partially, but more on how the rocks above and below perform as a mold. Sill magma would cool more slowly and remain at low viscosity longer than a surface basaltic lava would.
Tattooine
Wookiepedia. 😊
🤔 The climate during the beginning of the modern Cascade arc might also (partially) account for subaqueous volcanism. 🌡🌞 🤔
💖💞