The reason Gallipoli failed
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- Опубликовано: 11 май 2024
- On the 9th of January 1916, the last remaining Allied troops on the Gallipoli peninsula were evacuated. Despite catastrophic predictions, the withdrawal went off without a hitch and the entire force escaped with only a few casualties. It was the only bright spark in a campaign marked by failure.
After naval attempts to force the Dardanelles straight failed, the amphibious landings had fared even worse. Fierce Ottoman opposition stopped the Allies in their tracks and trench warfare quickly took hold. There were heavy casualties on both sides, not only from the fighting but from the terrible conditions. After a succession of failed attacks, the decision was finally made to withdraw.
In this episode of IWM Stories, Alan Wakefield explores what went wrong at Gallipoli and why the evacuations were the only success.
Find out more about Gallipoli:
Everything you need to know: www.iwm.org.uk/history/what-y...
20 remarkable photos: www.iwm.org.uk/history/20-rem...
Why Gallipoli was the worst fighting front: www.iwm.org.uk/history/9-reas...
Life on the frontlines at Gallipoli: www.iwm.org.uk/history/voices...
Plan your visit to IWM: www.iwm.org.uk/
Explore the film footage used in this video, and licence it for use: film.iwmcollections.org.uk/c/...
The First World War Retold: shop.iwm.org.uk/p/26674/The-F...
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Creative Commons Attributions:
Battleship drawing based on HMS Agamemnon by Emoscopes - creativecommons.org/licenses/...
00:00 Introduction
00:50 Strategic Situation
02:05 Navy plan
04:34 Naval operations
05:50 Army plan
07:09 Turkish forces
08:16 Land campaign phase 1
10:27 Land campaign phase 2
12:50 Evacuations
14:33 Why Gallipoli failed
Thanks for watching! Could the Gallipoli campaign have been a success or was it doomed to fail from the beginning? Let us know what you think.
Check out our First World War Stories playlists here for more: ruclips.net/p/PLolzHiCNNbO98fnufk1ohzLRUOcRQ0Gtg
British incompetence? Could you have done any better?
wow thanks for pointing g this out and trying to besmirch Mr Churchills stellar reputation, he may have slightly redeemed himself you woke fake historian.
Could of easily succeeded.
It could have succeeded if the necessary resources were committed and if the military commanders were not so incompetent. However, it has like many events attained mythic status; to hear some views you'd think it was all planned by Churchill and only the ANZACs were there!
The phrase "lions led by donkeys" is more applicable to Gallipoli (and maybe Mesopotamia) than anywhere else.
could not go to
Church that day because I was
ill
As an Australian we hold nothing but respect for the bond we and Turkey hold today. 🇦🇺🇳🇿🇹🇷
What do you hold for the Brishit then ?
Selamlar friend, I hope you know the writing on the memorial of anzac soldier's graves in çanakkale:
Bu Memleketin toprakları üstünde kanlarını döken kahramanlar! Burada dost bir vatanın toprağındasınız. Huzur ve sükun içinde uyuyunuz. Sizler Mehmetçiklerle yan yana koyun koyunasınız. Uzak diyarlardan evlatlarını harbe gönderen analar! Gözyaşlarınızı dindiriniz. Evlatlarınız bizim bağrımızdadır, huzur içindedirler ve huzur içinde rahat rahat uyuyacaklardır. Onlar bu toprakta canlarını verdikten sonra artık bizim evlatlarımız olmuşlardır.
Which translates to:
To the heroes who shed their blood on this land! Here, you lie in the land of your fellows. Rest in peace and calm. You lie here with our fellow turkish soldiers in each others arms. To the mothers who sent their children from far climes! Be relieved, calm your tears. Your children are in our bosom, they are in peace and they will sleep in peace. After they gave their lives on this land, they became our children.
respects from Turkey bro o7
unfortunately Australians have learned nothing from their past and are still following the British and now Americans into wars you have no business being in like Afghanistan just recently!
@@muslimresponse103 You're right. They can't be helped. The change has to come from within. Secularization etc.
Ataturk's speech at Gallipoli, in my mind, ranks amongst the best speeches in human history:
"Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives ... You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours ... You, the mothers who sent their sons from faraway countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well."
This sort of open minded and caring Turk is seldom seen our days ...
Problem is whilst this is good, its debated now whether he actually said it
@@OmmerSyssel or they are not arguing in youtube comments and just living their lives as normal people while some 13 year old nationalists shout 1453 in the comments.
Except his whole pointless to glorify military service despite pointless loss and an attempt to promulgate his own power. You are the most credulous person on earth
Obvious propaganda speech to glorify military service they are dead he didn't care.
My late dad served in the US Army next to a Turkish regiment during the Korean War. He said the Turks were good allies & fierce, dependable soldiers who would fight to the death, rather than risk being taken prisoner, or retreat. They hated the North Koreans because they mutilated the bodies of some dead Turkish soldiers, ambushed on a patrol.. He related how some of the men in his company preferred to eat chow with the Turks, because they loved their exotic food. They were equipped by the US & had some deadly, accurate snipers.
Now usa ally with pkk/ypg
Even with super high casualties suffered in ww1, they still fought on and actually defeated the Greeks and proved their ownership of Istanbul.
'Never another Gallipoli'
Ataturk is an absolute legend, deserves his epithet entirely.
Liman von Sanders german generalinspector was the Organisator of the ottoman defence lines! If the Germans wouldn’t have take the lead there would be no turkey today!
This guy Atatürk is a fairytale
What did he do?
Won the battle and later on the table gave everything to the British!
He is the root of all the problems of the Turks even today !
He is just a zionist plan to destroy the great Osman dynasty and to make the Turks servants of the West!
In Turkey there are some highschools that didn't have any graduations that time, because all of their students volunteered to fight in Gallipoli and never came back. Konya, Izmir and Galatasaray (one of the most prestigious schools in Turkey today) Highschools are some of them. Also, I can't remember the name, but one highschool still has an empty classroom in memory of its students who volunteered and died for their motherland.
I am a graduate of Istanbul Erkek Lisesi. The whole graduating class of my school died in battle approximately a week ago at 3:30 pm. We remember them every year.
The one that you did not remember is Kayseri Lisesi. Or it's known name, Taş Mektep. By same reason, to protect the homeland against invaders, this highschool did not have any graduaters that year. And now, in Kayseri, we still remember that brave men who fought for the land and honour. And today, that highschool is an museum.
And also Sivas Lisesi has the same history. But I don't have much information about it. All the corners of this land is full of an heroic deeds from the beginning of history, to now.
@@AlperenDoganCimen isn't taş mektep the Ankara Atatürk Lisesi?
Ulan hepiniz türksünüz hepiniz ingilizce konuşuyorsunuz
As an NZer, Gallipoli is still one of the most formative military campaigns in our history, and we remember it every year on ANZAC day. Props to all the Turks who still allow us to hold our memorials at Gallipoli every year, even after we invaded their country.
''Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives ... You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours ... You, the mothers who sent their sons from faraway countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well."
They sided with Germany.They were the enemy.Visit Armenian towns,and relive genocide.
@@edaanastasiasoyuak3831 Quote “ Mustafa Kemal Atatürk “
It was those English who mislead you. Who took advantage of you. Who made your ancestors perish and die. We Turks are bitter enemies for those who attack on us. But you cannot fnd better friends than us when it comes to peace.
Battle of stalingrad : who am i then??
🤣🤣🤣
My father was in the 8th Light Horse Brigade at Gallipoli and after a while he became an ambulance soldier and a expert with horses. He married late and had 8 children. He would not talk about Gallipoli. I was 14 yo when I found out he was in the war.. His only comment was about the war was is a great lesson on how stupid men can be. He never went in an ANZAC Day March. I am, 81 y/o. He also served WW2 as a medic and became an Army nurse. His war record in WW1 and WW2 is with full honours. He later received a full War pension. He always hated Churchill.
It is most likely because the British treated your people like cattle. They created political campaigns on how the Ottomans were monsters and made sure that there was enough propaganda to get your men to fight a war they had no business being in. They were tricked into dying for British gain.
your granddad learned how devious bureaucRATS are & took lessons. men killing each other for what ?. from what you wrote, he was a wise & honourable man.. peace be with ANZAC men .. 🇹🇷 🇦🇺
Churchill was a biggest loser!
There was never an Australian 8th Light Horse Brigade, only ever 5 with the 5th being formed in Palestine 1918. The 8th Light Horse Regiment was part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade at Gallipoli. Presuming you have mixed-up Regiment and Brigade, and he served in the 8 LHR, a Victorian unit, he was very lucky to survive. This unit was all-but wiped out at the Nek on 7 July 1915.
the English(Churchill) and German(Liman von Sanders) commanders who served in Gallipoli were more interested in their careers then life of men.
Atatürk hated Sanders. Sanders was more concerned about having breakfast then going to the battle
"Unless a nation's life faces peril, war is a murder."
M. Kemal ATATÜRK
Some thing the British Imperial class inc Churchill never applied
By getting involved in a stupid regional war Britain made the whole thing worse
Never underestimate soldiers that are defending their homeland.
"Homeland"
It's not theirs.
@@VergiliosSpatulas It was ours a century ago, it is still ours today. Even after a millenium you Greeks are still salty about it, lmao…
@@-Shadow__Rider- greeks and many others not just greeks were there for thousands of years so yeah if it ever happens to you i guess you won't hold any grudge 😉
@@-Shadow__Rider- didn't know a millennium has already passed lmao🤣 anatolia has never throughout history been stable in terms of people so don't act too sure about yourselves 😉
I was in Gallipoli in 1990, yeah as an Aussie tourist. My great uncle fought on the Western Front though & survived. What I found at Gallipoli was a sombre, tranquil, serene place. Obviously far from what the horrific & harsh battle grounds some 75 years earlier. It is definitely a place worth visiting. The Turkish people I met with there, & throughout their country were decent, helpful, wonderful people.
I was also in Gallipoli in 1990, I'm English and I had the same experience as you. I went to Anzac Cove, the Nek and then down to Cape Hellas to see the cemeteries and monuments to regiments from Lancashire and Manchester. A very sad and thought provoking experience.
1990 is a long time ago. These days during ANZAC day ANZAC Cove is a hotbed of LNP voting bogans acting like typical Australian idiots.
Hello, thank you very much for your nice messages. I sincerely want you to come to Turkey again.
ACTUALLI YOU WERE IN CALLIPOLI AND NOT GALLIPOLI
@@vascore5962 kaliopolis*
My grandfather was an Australian junior officer at Gallipoli.
He came ashore with others and tried to fight their way up the cliff side through scrub and ravines that in the dark caused the attackers to easily get lost. On top of that they could not see the Turks because of the the dense scrub, but the defenders could sure see them and many Turks turned out to be crack shots. My grandfather was shot in the left leg and went down, but was able to get up and continue, when he was shot in that leg again. This time the sciatic nerve was almost severed so there was no getting up. He was eventually evacuated back to the shore and from there to the hospital ship. He was especially contemptuous of this ship and the depth of the planning that had gone into it. It was flooded with seriously wounded men with neither the medical staff nor pharmaceuticals to take care of the sheer numbers. Men were having limbs amputated without anesthetic because it was ll used up. My grandfather was patched up for a longer hospital stay in England but he was warned on the ship that he was likely to lose the leg. After convalescing there he was shipped back to Australia to recover. He didn't lose his left leg but he generally used a cane for the rest of his life. He would return to fight on the western front and in Persia in a highly secret effort get control of the oil wells at Baku.
On returning to Gallipoli in 1965 for the 50th anniversary he met a Turkish gentleman who had also been there that day, shooting at him. My grandfather had wondered how that particular beach beach had been chosen for the Anzacs to come ashore, hugely tilting the advantage to the defending Turks. Apparently it wasn't. The gentleman told him that a day or so before the Allied attack, an alert Turk had noticed a red buoy dropped off a beach a mile or so away, probably by the Royal Navy. They correctly deduced this was to locate the beach for invading forces, so they dragged it a mile down the coast to a beach they could well defend. They certainly did. It became known as Anzac Cove, a British military disaster that contributed to the England taking Australia and New Zealand as serious countries, not just ex-colonies.
@@tarikemirtanyildizi He isn't saying there was a war in 1965, he is saying his grandfather met a Turkish man in 1965 for the 50th anniversary. You should understand what you read befor you make any assumptions.
@@bertugtasc7947 thank you bro i understand clearly 👍🏻
Oh wow! Such a story!
Amazing information. Thanks for posting.
Amazing information. Thanks
I was about 19 when it finally hit me. I was at the dawn parade with my mother on ANZAC Day. She put her arm around me and my brother and said with tears in her eyes: "I'm just glad my young fellows are here, and they never had to be sent off to die."
Notice the British Commentator craftily removed Churchill’s part in this blunder
Yep, not hard to miss. Churchill was the one who orchestrated the failure.
Churchill had such an ego and believed that he was God's gift to the navy - he just needed to prove it. But it turned out, as military tactician, he was mediocre - and so, he was demoted. And this hurt his ego so much, that he had to convince people that he was not the garbage he actually was. Luckily for him - WW2. He could finally do what he was best at: politics and talking - and let real talented people run the military. And luckily for him, he got to re-write the history books and put himself in a favorable light - something that still blinds many Englishmen to this day today.
@@todortodorov940 It's interesting that you talk about rewriting the history books to paint himself like God's gift, but yet here you are trying to paint him as the devil's son if you will. Ignoring really any qualities besides oratory, when Churchill was far from perfect but was still competent at other things and saw the writings on the wall. For instance, offering funding for tanks to try to break the stalemate. Not to mention that he did actually enlist and served in a trench, even if only for a few months. Many politicians today wouldn't have the balls to do that I don't think.
At any rate, Churchill's failures in the campaign do not explain the disaster completely. For instance, I don't think one could realistically blame all of the field level issues and failures in leadership on Churchill. Using him as a scapegoat for everything that went wrong with Gallipoli is neither fair nor accurate in my opinion.
@@michaelfeenin551 He is not the only one responsible for the disaster. But blaming primarily external factors and others is unfair too, as he was mainly responsible for what happened. I believe historians, especially in the UK have spared him unfairly for his failures and weaknesses. It's on time that people look more objectively on this part of history.
@@todortodorov940 That's fair enough, but condemning him for his failures and ignoring his various successes and efforts throughout is career is also unfair, and I think care must be taken to avoid that happening lest another unfair picture of him be painted. All in all he was not some strategic genius and his failures here cost a lot of lives and equipment for little gain, but he also (I personally think) learned from his failures here and did a fairly good job of leading Britain through WW2, not to mention putting himself in the position of a soldier after the Gallipoli campaign, all of which can't be said of many other politicians who made extreme fuckups themselves.
At any rate, the video might have been more concerned with the operational reasons, not the higher up brass that came up with the plans, and while its easy to say "haha brit removed churchills fuckup", I don't think it fair to just assume that deliberate intention either.
If Churchill had stuck by the battleship deal with the Turks, instead of ripping them off, the Turks would have been an ally.
The English wanted oil fields of middle east which belonged to Ottomans. They weren't interested in an alliance with Turks. They wanted a neutral Ottoman Empire which they could deal with after the war. Meanwhile Germans knew they could use them against Russians which worked perfectly. Russians left the war because their allies couldn't win at Gallipoli and send help.
@Runaway Puppet Why make an enemy of a country you then have to invade? No wonder he was cast into the wilderness afterwards.
@@aussie6910 in addition to all these facts mentioned by other people, the ottomans wanted back Cyprus and Egypt, which were all in theory ottoman territory controlled by the UK.
@@aussie6910 turkey also wanted back the loss of Kars And Batum in the Caucases taken Russia in 1878. Russia was a british ally in 1914
The funny thing is that this situation continues today. The countries that address Turkey as an "allied country" do not give the weapons that the Turks pay for when they want, and make excuses.
People should really see Gallipoli. Turks, Australians, New Zelands are together under ground. One of the the most emotional Journey in my life
Only the turks were dying there to defend their homeland... I mean the whole debacle is embarrasing for Australia and NZ if you look at it from a pure war perspective.
Had the priviliege to go on a tour at Gallipoli on Anzac Day, 1994. We visited all the cemeteries, a Turkish army officer attended ceremonies at several, with a Turkish bugler playing 'The Last Post'. Our guide was a Turkish historian whose grandfather had defended Gallipoli (maybe killed, don't remember), and who in excellent English described some of the battles that had taken place, mentioning dates and names, etc. Was struck chiefly by the youth of the dead, and came back to my hotel emotionally exhausted as never before or since.
We respect and truly love you. You never made up lies to the world like the others. You fought like lions and stood tall like lions. we will love you forever. I wish the best for your country and family.
" The mothers who sent their sons from far away land! Rest your tears. Your children are in our bosom. They are in peace and will sleep comfortably in peace. After they lost their lives in this land,they are now our sons. "
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Very touching .Respect to Ataturk .
@@lesleysidhoum1779
Very deep statement
I know a sad and funny story about Gallipoli. My friend's great grandfather's village has been conscripted to fight. His great grandfather was a blacksmith. He has been assigned to do back duty work and because of this, he survived Gallipoli. When he turned back to his village he realised he was the only man who survived. Half of the village is related to him now.
Hahahahahaha ciddi olamaz bu hikaye :D
@@artnevermore2082 neden olmasın :)
Fake
He is lying you can even comprehend that he is turkish just check his nickname
@@faso4800 where’s the contradiction im him being a turk and the story he wrote?
Both of my grandfathers were there ... obviously they survived , but my paternal grandad died early , I have his medals and his paybook . I got to talk with my maternal grandfather who carried a chunk of Turkish shrapnel in his leg until he left the building . He had more respect for ' Johnny Turk ' than he did for the Brit commanders . My uncles that were also there became radicalised about ' king and country ' , came home and were instrumental in the creation of New Zealand's Labour Party ... So some good came out of this disaster .
World's best warriors, the bravest men and women with old weapons defeated one of the biggest armies of Europe. Turks didn't have warships, fighter planes, even automatic rifles as many as their enemies had. They didn't have even enough rifles. Many soldiers were using their rifles in turn. Gallipoli is one of the most important wars in history.
ıt seems like a quiet sadness today Gelibolu. If you come to Turkey one day, you should definitely visit it. It's an incredible experience.
The Turks in all their battles, from Mohacos to their beginnings to Gallipoli, did not win with weapons, but with patience and determination like rock and trust in God, And when the Janissaries struck, the spirit of the army ended, although the army was developed and trained by the Germans, but nothing was presented in the wars.
Just like in Kut, the Brits could not believe that Turks had defeated them.
We had the biggest Navy after United Kingdom up until the Abdulhamit came because his paranoid character that navy officers will attempt a coup he let the navy rot in Halic it's also a lie that we didn't have war planes, modern guns we were allied with Germans so they supply a lot of up to date weapons (for examle we use those war planes to distribute flyers with Atatark's picture and saying "he is wanted dead or alive by "Vahdettin's MONARCHY" to end Ataturk's independence movement
@@kuriyamatidusflossy Ulan salak donanmamızın tamamı abdulazizin ingilizlerden aldığı eski ahşap gemilerden oluşuyordu büyük ve kalabalıktı ama modernize değildi 93 harbinde ruslar küçük istimbotlarla karadenizde bizim donanamamızın içinden geçtiler büyük gemileri istimbotlara karşı koruyamıyorduk bile suçlu biri arıyorsan 2. mahmud ve abdulmecide bakacaksın birinin döneminde hem osmanlının hemde kavalalı mehmed ali paşanın donaması navarinde yakıldı diğerinin dönemindede ruslar sinopta donanmamızı yaktı ondan sonrada zaten güçlü ve modern bir donanma kuramadık.
My great grandfather was seaman on the SS Clyde on that fateful first day. They watched horrified as the the soldiers were wiped out. Then a call went out for volunteers to man dinghies and rescue the wounded. All the would be rescuers were themselves killed in the attempt. My great grandfather bled out trying to apply a tourniquet to his leg and was thrown into a shallow mass grave with hundreds of others. Nobody in my family blames the Turks, war is war after all. In the seventies my grandmother was invited over to Turkey to visit the grave and was accommodated for free. Its been over a hundred years and this one death still echoes down through the family as he left three young children and a wife behind who never remarried. War is so destructive. It saddens me that the human race has not grown out of it.
@Dark Spark well not so unlike what turks had been doing for centuries until they fell behind technologically and militarily, it’s inevitable for any country who has an edge over the others to become imperial and start messing with everyone else, let’s just call it human nature
Bless you for your wisdom. The 1981 movie “Gallipoli” is one of my favorites. The things we tell our young men have been monstrous.
“If you don’t fight when a war is on, you are a coward. No woman will have you and men will shun you forever”
And from the movie “If we don’t stop them there, they could end up here.”
I’m with the old man. “And they’re welcome to it”.
Those years were our terrible. Only in Çanakkale there are 5 graves of my family. And still my relatives bleed in ridiculous wars. Geography is destiny.
Blame the English, they considered Australians less than human and wasted them away with suicidal attcaks..
noone blames Türks??? wtf were they doin there? arrogant u are... dont come back i think..
dont underestimate what a people are willing to do to defend their homeland
My step-father fought with the ANZACs at Gallipoli. He was with the New Zealand army. He lost a leg and never forgave Churchill.
Churchill did not plan Gallipoli. He suggested it, Asquith authorised it, and the army/navy command produced the flawed planning. The degree of basic ignorance on here is astonishing.
@@dovetonsturdee7033 In fact, the Turks first wanted to be an alliance with the British Empire, but Britain had already promised our lands to the Italians.
My grandfather was an Ottoman sergeant in those years, he could not return to his home for 10 years and there was no communication, so his family thought he was dead, including his wife.
@@tugrulgul5903 More likely, the Britrish had commandeered two battleships being built for Turkey in British yards, whilst the Germans handed over a battlecruiser and a light cruiser of theirs to Turkey.
@BarneyLeith.
Can someone explain to me why these young men went? What was in it for them exactly?
What were they going to get out of going half way across the world to kill and try to enslave people they had nothing to do with?
I was at Gallipoli in Oct 2009 and I doubt that even then, under civilian conditions it would have been an easy walk to Lone Pine (about two or three kilometres). How men both fought and survived these 9 months is amazing.
Exactly what happens when you have mediocre planning, poor implementation, lack of real commitment, inept leadership coupled with total underestimation of the capabilities of the enemy. Along with serious arrogance. No wonder it failed.
Very impressive graphics though, very clear and informative.
Exactly. A great 'civilised nations' assumption - that any country that isn't up to your level of development is a weak enemy.
Sounds like the Buden Administration's attempt at anything to keep the US safe.
@@simongee8928 Churchill ('et-al') didn't learn ANYTHING in the Boer Wars. British 'contempt' for non-western forces was still there in WW2. But they didn't mind using the "colonials" as 'cannon fodder' in WW1 & WW2, and taking the credit for the 'colonials' successes!
The sheer arrogance of sailing pre dreadnought battleships to force a way into a strait that is easily mined and defended by higher ground artillery.
Great to be able to armchair the campaign from an armchair. The strategy was flawless - outflanking the enemy as a strategy is a war winning tool employed on numerous occasions. Sometimes it goes wrong. Hamilton was the wrong commander - had it been Churchill himself it would have succeeded. Had it been Monty it would have succeeded, had it been Ronmmel it would have succeeded.
the poor quality of the troops in critical locations - ANZAC for example - 100% enthusiasm but delays on the beaches caused the heights to not be captured with alacrity. The earlier naval attempts to force the Dardanalles eliminated any chance of surprise in a land attack whatsoever as well.
I prefer to view this episode as a well thought out plan poorly executed due to lack of technology, training and common "hive mind" on the part of the troops on the ground.
it is similar to the debacle at Anzio - although there complete surprise was achieved, but an incompetent General gave the advantage away to the enemy. Similarly, Hamilton was too laissez-faire with his commanders.
Should have mentioned the two (failed) Italian raids into the Dardanelles of 1912, during the Italo-Turkish war. They involuntarily helped the Turks realize the local defences had to be strengthened.
Interesting, never heard about them Italian raids before.
There is no winner in war. As new generations, we must learn from the past so that history does not repeat itself and our ancestors may rest in peace. Love from Turkey to my New Zealander and Australian brothers and sisters. 🙏🏻❤️
Actually there are winners. West won, we Turks lost. Big time. Such losing even today we cant get it together.
WW ll.....Vietnam......I could go on
Turkey was taken out of the war in 1918.
Visited Turkey a month ago. Gallipoli was the first item on our agenda. My partner is from Turkey. Felt nothing other than respect, generosity and a good sense of humour from the tour guide and the people in the region. You can see why they tried to invade the area. In the end the Turks were defending their homeland - it'd be the same if it was the other way around.
05:02 The Turkish guns fell silent because they had run out of ammunition. The ships guns didn't hit even one of them. Info from a British pilot flying over the forts. 09:00 Let's land our troops right in front of the main Turkish defences ! After all, they'll just run away. 11:16 The Kiwi troops took Chunuk Bair but recieved no re-inforcements. Then they were shelled by British guns and were left with so few men they couldn't hold the ground. From 5WWCT Regimental records. You forgot to mention General Stopford. He was the man in charge of the landings at Suvla Bay but never set foot off his ship as he had a sore knee. All messages from the front line had to taken to him by rowboat and were hours old by the time they reached him. Why did the campaign fail? The Turks knew they were coming for months before and had plenty of time to station troops in the peninsula and site their guns. The British had done ZERO reconaissance, had no maps of the terrain and no actual landing craft. Just rowboats towed by a little steam powered tug. The powerful currents pushed them far from their intended landing sites. As for the ship at Cape Helles... when it grounded right in front of the Turkish fortifications, there was a 150m gap between ship and shore. That had to be plugged with barges. The Turks let the British do that but when the troops flooded down the ramps and into the barges, the Turkish Maxim guns opened up and slaughtered them. The Turks didn't run away....
There is good evidence that the ANZACs did have good maps and conducted extensive aerial reconnaissance.
ruclips.net/video/-aRpOWyxPKI/видео.html
Landing was successful, but allies after was needing 1 000 000 fully equipped soldiers to overcome resistance of the whole Turkey there.
@@nowy5 the Aussie and nz were but British were massacred as he describe.
Slaughtered like pigs they were 👍 even in a death bed Turkish Caliphate still givin ya all a good beatin.
Let's just hope we get through worst days. Both sides suffered a lot and looks like both sides covered their weak points since then.
U. S. Marines carefully studied the Gallipoli Campaign, evaluating what went right and what went wrong, and designed WW2 (and future) USMC amphibious operations off the valuable lessons provided by the Gallipoli Campaign.
Not to mention Patton's study of operations
Yep. And their conclusion was: close air support! Hence, all US Marine airpower is reserved for Marine support, and only available to the COMAFFOR for other missions when released by the Marine liaison. At least, that's doctrine.
They need to study failed invasion of Afghanistan too.
Can they also study Vietnam? 😂
The amphibious attack to Alhucemas, using ships, tanks, infantry and Air Force was the model for the WWII amphibious attacks.
I'm only two generations separated from the campaign as my maternal grandfather was among those landed at Suvla Bay. As a child, my grandfather showed me his WWI medals. I misheard what he said and for years thought he'd landed at Silver Bay.
He lost an eye, was invalided back via Malta and lived until he was 94. Strange to think in 2022 that my grandfather was born in 1896.
My grandfather was at Gallipoli,his younger brother Claude died in France. He used to tell me stories about the withdrawal, and the self firing rifles,setting up decoys etc .He won a Military cross, but lost a brother.
He lost everything
Everything, everything went wrong and the Turkish forces did everything right and planed and fought smart.
@Runaway Puppet honestly I think it got to the point where the Turks didn't even want to dislodge them.
Those troops were never going to take that cliff and they represented a whole bunch of mouths to feed and supply's to be transported, across water no less.
@Runaway Puppet Hyperbole on my part Ill confess but it is true they did not take the actual objective of the exercise.
This all being said of course the ANZAC's fought well, They typically do and this was even recognised by their opposition.
The problem likely lay in the fact that the Gallipoli strategy was only fought by ANZAC's rather then being planned by them.
This is actually a trend for the most celebrated battles of the ANZAC's they have amazing rank and file troops with absolutely dogshit brass level leadership.
The Kokoda track comes to mind where the rank and file fought an effective fighting retreat after an overwhelming attack by their japanese opposition before delivering a staggeringly effective counter attack.
Only to be named cowards by, you guessed it, politicians and brass.
Our grandfathers are said to have gone to war even with sticks and stones. Even 15-year-olds were at the front.And there is a widely known incident in Turkey, when the Turkish soldier, who heard the cries of a wounded Anzac soldier, carried him to the British front, and on his return, no Anzac soldier fired at him. I have been to Gallipoli many times, now it has absorbed history like a quiet sadness, I hope the future does not bring new wars, our region and the world will be a place where more children laugh
Turks were not in charge in this war but Germans and the soldiers were all Muslims while Turks were minority in the war.
@@koordrozita7236you need to relax with your bias against Turks, Turkish army defeated the British in other fronts occasionally, so if you claim Gallipoli defence has nothing to do with Turks (apart from Turks fighting in it solely😂) respectable people would laugh at you and you lose your place in a normal community.
But of course if you live in a different society, you may be revered for these comments of yours 😊
Short version: The invaders messed with the wrong nation.
Not really the ottomans suffered almost the same casualties
@@wankawanka3053 it's not a matter of "numbers", it's about a glory won against overpowered invaders, a matter of being a nation instead of becoming another British colony.
Agreed
@@wankawanka3053 this was because the turkish forces did not fear death as much as their foes did, and did not try to reduce casualties, also Britain had everything in their advantage except for the terrain and the region itself
There were people died,worlds dissapeared,beloved gone. We gave 4.5m casulties in war. What you said is disprespect to our soldiers and unnamed heroes.
As a former and retired soldier, and a veteran of Desert Storm, and GWOT, the Australian troops are The real badasses, I'm glad we're on the same side, Much respect
Thank you so much for uploading this video. It is helping me get through the pandemic!
"Easteners believed that Germany was being propped up by its allies Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire". Strategic thinkers really ? There's your problem with your whole plan, the baseline assumptions are totally wrong. It was Germany that was carrying the Central Powers side the whole war lol
This is a really important point!
Austria: propping up the Alps
Well Germany was carrying the Central Powers but didn't have the manpower to fight all of the Entente by itself. It needed its allies. The Ottoman Empire tied down huge numbers of Russian troops in the Caucasus and British troops across the Middle East. If Gallipoli had been successful and the Ottoman Empire knocked out of the war, all those Russian troops would have been able to travel to the Eastern Front against Austro-Hungary and Germany while Britain could have reinforced the Western Front or opened another front in the Balkans to pressure Austro-Hungary. Not to mention that with Istanbul occupied, the British and French could have reinforced and supplied Russia across the Black Sea via the Dardanelles, bombarded Bulgarian ports and supported Romania when they joined the Entente. The Romanians might even have joined earlier.
I mean they were totally correct, WW1 ended when the ottomans surendered causing a chain reaction knocking everyone else out of the war.
Türks didnt Want allies german. British push to Turks admit german side.turks have not choice.we read türkish genaral at ww1.they r think of sad cause allies germany
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's message for Anzak day in 1934, which sent to maders of the soldiers who have been lost life in Galibolli campaign.
"Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives ... You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours ... You, the mothers who sent their sons from faraway countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well."
Unfortunately it wasn't exactly true. It's been looked into in some depth and he didn't really say it as quoted.
@@robertstallard7836 Dr Guler is correctly citing the letter. The speech itself was a bit different due to the fact that he was adressing a Turkish audience.
@@robertstallard7836 it is. i am turkish myself and he exactly said that.
@@808Efe The words are certainly atributed to him, it's true, but he never actually said them. The official Turkish version is that Ataturk wrote them for his interior minister, Sukru Kaya, to use in a speech at Canakkale on March 18, 1934. Yet there is no evidence Kaya was even in Canakkale that day, let alone making speeches, and a book of his speeches published in 1937 includes no speech given anywhere on that day.
The famous words first appeared in Turkish in 1953 (long after Ataturk had died) in the newspaper Dunya, in which the admirer of Ataturk, journalist Y. R. Onen interviewed Kaya. The then government wanted to gild the Ataturk legend against the possibility of a coup by Ismet Inonu, Kaya's old opponent and Ataturk's successor and was also trying to build its links to the West.
@@robertstallard7836 thats peace letter and türkish goverment did respect theme... Türkish people dont feeling bad to brits or australin cause türkish goverment respect politicy.doesn matter true or false... Thats points: türkish and anzac (together) can respect grandfather at gallipoli now
My Grandfather was one of the last men to leave Gallipoli, he was one of those tasked with setting up the self firing rifles. From one hell he was soon to find himself at another...Passchendaele. Originally he was a cavalryman with the Queens Own Royal Glasgow Yeomanry before it before their horses wee taken away and they became infantry.
I was in Gallipoli exactly when the bread riots started in Homs Syria in 2009.
The thing that struck me most about the battlefield was how incredibly small it was. There is this coastline that literally goes for tens or hundreds of miles and all the fighting is concentrated on this tiny slice of around a 1/2 mile. I know strategic place etc, but it was hard to realise that say 5 miles away people could be going to the beach for a swim and a picnic.
My great-grandfather and great-granduncle were there. great-granduncle is still there, in the Martyr's Cemetery for the 57th Infantry Regiment. We do not know when exactly he fell, just that he did. My great-grandfather? Gallipoli for him was just one more entry in a very long story - he left his home for his military service in 1912 for the Balkan Wars. Came back only in 1922, after the War of Independence. A decade of almost uninterrupted fighting. He was in Iraq, Gallipoli, Galicia, and then the Eastern Front as Gen. Kazım Karabekir's batman.
Damn what a story!
Would love to hear summarized part of Kazım Karabekir related story!
Salute to him. Greetings from Pakistan
what was your great-granduncle name because I live in nearby that cemetery I could pay him a visit for respect
@@tunahanturhan7182 Rüstem oğlu Ethem, from Izmir, if I am not mistaken about the count (It might be the other way around, that side of the family keeps repeating the same naming pattern). He should be quite old - he joined to keep company with his son, who was conscripted. The son survived. He didn't.
Thanks our ancestors that they protect our country with their lives. Every Turkish family has some martryies at Gallipoli (Canakkale), my uncles name Omer is also given from his grandfathers brother who died at gallipoli. At the end we lost the war and allied navy passed the gallipoli few years later but this campaign was like the beginning of Turkish independence war and Ataturk becames hero at Gallipoli. More than 500 years Turks ruled middle east withouth any violance and full of peace but after the war the situation is very bad still at the palestine, iraq, syria, libya etc. I m sure many of them are regretfull for coorperating with imperialist countries.
Did Ottomans extended their territory by doing peace?
@@poloyuio5208 ofcourse with war but it was 700 years ago and none of those lands learned Turkish, lets compare with English and French invaded lands.
@@MDeniz-dy7nq there were mamy rebelions and wars against persia. There wasn't "500 years of peace"
@@johnrambo5795 The friend spoke not of the wars, but of the land and people management of the the ottoman empire. Those who lives in middle east were free to live their religion and sect. Also the soldiers who fought with the safavids were turkmen and balkan devshirme, not the local people.
@@johnrambo5795 that was persians fault, ottoman empire never intended to invade persia, but safavids, qajars etc. always tried to hit ottomans from their back
Like Arnhem, Gallipoli was a great idea, but it could only work if the enemy did not put up strong resistance. My grandfather fought at Gallipoli and as a small boy I was enthralled by his retelling of how they escaped; no respite for him though, he was taken straight to France for the battle of the Somme.
Recently visited the museum in Wellington where there is an impressive display of the Gallipoli debacle. Really worth seeing if you are in the area.
The cock-up of the Gallipoli campaign isn't a one way street. To the incompetence of the Allied planners, you have to add the tenacity of the Turkish soldiers.
“HMS Inflexible” well who can claim the Navy doesn’t have a sense of irony, eh?
My great-grandfather fought in North Africa in WW2 as part of the 4th Indian Division. To him, the best troops in the fighting were the 2nd Newzealand division. He spoke very highly of them as highly as he spoke about the Indian division itself.
It is so depressing to see some indians are proud of their slave soldiers who fought for the allies. Yet, no one even remembers them. Cannon fodders
I had no previous knowledge of Gallipoli before this video. When I saw the pictures of those big noisy ships followed by a picture of that long, narrow winding passage between mountain passes I knew that wouldn't work. Exactly how anybody thought it would is completely beyond me.
Another comprehensive yet easy-to-follow video from IWM. Many thanks🙏
Glad you enjoyed it!
Wow Indonesian
In the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, lays a special section that commemorates the sad events of Gallipoli. Included in the memorial is the following quote attributed to Attaturk:
'Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives... you are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore, rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours... You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.'
Attaturk was one of the greats of the Twentieth Century -- and it's a damn shame that the country he built out of the Ottoman wreckage is now becoming embittered by the Europeans', chiefly the French, refusal to let them "in to" Europe.
For that matter, how come the sainted Chancellor Merkel didn't get around to fixing the citizenship of Germans of Turkish ancestry?
@@TheDavidlloydjones Attaturk Father of the turks, the most respected turk ever 👍.
Sadly Erdagon has turned Turkey into just another Islamic circus. Until recently he had plans to declare Turkey as the next Caliphate, to rally Islamics to defeat the infidels wherever they could be found. Fortunately, he is such an egotistic that he has ruined the Turkish economy, by foolish policies, so Turkey is heading to be a failed state, like Lebanon. 🙂
@@denisheath5681 How comfortably you forgot the ill fated military coup against a democratically elected government of Erdogan supported by western democracies at the insistence of the Saudis & Emiratis. So don't blame Erdogan, but your leadership.
That was purely the Turkish military that tried to overthrow Erdagon, because he was replacing their leaders with Islamic blokes. OK, he was given asylum in the US, which is a free country. Erdagon then became paranoid and purged everyone and his dog. 🙂
This is a very good documentary. Thank you for preparing this. Here couple of comments from me:
You mentioned the mistakes from Allied side but similar detrimental mistakes was also done by Turkish side too.
Yes, we got great help from German artillary, technology and commanders. But they did make a mistake in day 1. General Liman tought that main embarkment point would be the Saros bay. Ataturk send couple of warnings to main headquarters saying that there are at least 20 potential embarkment point around the peninsula and saying that this is a mistake. At day one 25 april, Ataurk had the reserve army and he had direct orders to stand down till he hear from the main headquarters. But the issue is that he couldn't reach them on that day. He took his own initiative and move the army to south. I am sure you know the meaning of disobeying a direct order in military. With his decision he bought the time to reposition the army according to the embarkment points. After this move General Liman kept Ataturk by his side till the end of ww1.
There was no problem that you mentioned which is not shared by Turkish army as well. Hunger and starvation was a problem in throughout the Anatolia for both civillians and military. Because allied power had a blockade on Turkey in mediterranean and Turkey had 3 open fronts which makes the food transportation harder in anatolian peninsula. This blockade cause starvations in Anatolia and Syria & Lebanon. In the fronts hunger was a huge problem. You can check the menus. It is almost nothing but bread and boiled grapes . I read a memoir of a Turkish soldier who encounter a dining table pictures of anzac soldiers. He was shocked that they didn't even refrain from dining attire with cups and plates forks...etc and very confused about this.
During the gallipoli campaign many highschools did not have a single graduates because of students went to Gallipoli and died there. So yes, they died defending their homeland but still they were children who were also inexperienced in war skills. This cause many problems after 1923, because Turkey lost %70 of young educated intellectuals in this war.
And yes, Turkish commanders and generals were skilled; because they saw nothing but war since last 100 years. This was also a drawback because soldiers were tired of unending wars and Turkish army was quite notorious for deserters.
You presented as if Gallipoli campaign was doomed from the beginning, but I don't agree in that. The allied powers had quite good reasons to come. What make the difference was Ataturk's initiative and Turkish soldier who defended their home. I can tell you this, if Ataturk was not there in Gallipoli, history would be so different for Europe, for Russia and for Turkey.
pretty flexible tactics for the HMS Inflexible :-D
thanks for the well produced video, i love learning about this stuff. Dankeschön from germany!
Don't forget that if Churchill had given the Ottomans the 2 battleships they had purchased, the Ottomans would've been part of the Entente, the Russians would've been resupplied and there would've hence been no Bolshevik revolution, and hence no Nazi party.
Sometimes stuff like that sounds very interesting. The history in general in fact, is very interesting just because of the things like that
russian revolution was inevitable, and the rise of the nazis did not correlate with that revolution in any way but timing.
@@unlimited8410 White army would have won with a allied support from Black Sea
Not really. UK wanted Iraqi oil fields so badly. They would invade anyways
@@unlimited8410 which one was inevitable, the February revolution or the October revolution?
This whole fiasco is an example of why you should never underestimate your enemy. The Allies considered the Ottoman Empire “The Sick Man of Europe” and considered them completely inferior. So first they tried forcing their navy up through a narrow strait they knew was mined and defended with a mostly obsolete force, which went as well as expected by anyone able to look at a map. So when that didn’t work they tried their amphibious invasion without real planning or intelligence into difficult terrain and without adequate support because somehow they thought the Ottomans would just collapse.
The Ottoman Empire wasnt the most powerful at that time,, After some generals rebelled against Abdulhamid the second and overthrew him the Ottoman Empire fell into chaos,, Abdulhamid the second ruled for 33 years,,in this duration he fixed the economy ,the army and the Ottoman empire became the 3rd biggest navy After The UK and France ,,but still The Ottoman empire wasnt powerful enough to fight with 6 countries,, Abdulhamid the second always told them not to enter the war but they did and the nightmare eventually happend,,but still its was the Ottoman Empire fighting it was a horrible plus the national movment made it impossible to invade Anatolia,,i agree with you underestimating the enemy is not a good idea,,Fatih Sultan Mehmet 2. the conqueror of Istanbul never feared his enemy but he didint underestimate them as well,,History always repeats itself
@Runaway Puppet but later in the war, the British learned from their mistakes
@@charlie8344 better navigational skills when fighting in Palestinia?
Churchill never learned from Gallipoli. During the Second World War, he kept calling southern Europe and specifically Italy 'the soft underbelly of Europe'. Under Rommel, the Italians fought brilliantly in North Africa despite their early losses and their increasingly obsolete equipment and the Regia Marina kept the Royal Navy sweating for years, crippling the fleet at Alexandria with frogmen.
And then when Italy surrendered, Churchill pressed for the full invasion of the Italian peninsula, despite the fact that southern and central Italy is mostly hills and mountains; perfect terrain for the now German defenders. After months of bitter fight, Churchill wanted the Allies to press onto Vienna via Venice, thinking they would easily sweep aside the German Gothic Line, despite having withdrawn the best troops for D-Day and Operation Dragoon. Instead the fighting just became even more bitter as the Italian campaign was neglected in favour of the troops in France.
By the time the Allied armies reached the north of Italy where almost all Italian industry is located, the Allies had already reached Germany via France. The Italian Campaign cost the Allies over 350,000 casualties, causing an American general to bitterly echo Churchill and call Italy 'One tough gut'.
@Runaway Puppet
The Italian Campaign was a success by the time the Allies invaded western Germany and the Soviets were in east Germany. Not the easy victory Churchill claimed.
'Rommels Afrika Corps was effectively destroyed by Montgomery at El Alamein'
And yet it still was able to smash the Americans at the Kesserine Pass, defeating them so badly the US tore up its doctrine, swallowed its pride and asked the experienced British, Canadians, French and Poles for advice on how to fight based on their years of experience.
Churchill was a fool, handicapping his generals the same way Hitler hamstrung his. He wanted to build defences across the whole of Britain to repel an invasion with his generals telling him that the country didn't have the resources for such an undertaking and any defences they did manage to build would be bypassed and therefore pointless. He insisted on intervention in Greece, taking the best units out of North Africa and sending them to repeat Dunkirk when the Germans intervened and drove them into the sea; a result that was hushed up in Britain during the war. The author Roald Dahl speaks of his time as one of less than twenty British fighters in the whole of Greece facing hundreds and hundreds of German planes. The weakened North African force was nearly overrun by the reinforced Italians and Rommel's Afrika Korps. He sent HMS Repulse and HMS Prince of Wales unsupported to the Pacific believing it would deter Japanese aggression; both ships were promptly sunk when Japan began its war against the US and the European colonies. He insisted Singapore was an impregnable fortress and ignored warnings about the weak landward defences; leading to the worst defeat of the British Army in history.
Churchill was a Victorian dinosaur. A relic of imperialism who desperately wanted to be like his ancestor the Duke of Marlborough and tried to bring 17-19th century concepts of warfare into the 20th. His only military command was a few months in a quiet sector of the Western Front in 1916. As much as Hitler shortened the war by thinking his own experience as a corporal in the Great War made him an expert, Churchill lengthened it with his own misplaced beliefs.
Perfectly explained video and a great history lesson big thanks for sharing
Many thanks for this insightful résumé.
Gotta love how the Brits celebrate their retreats like they are actually victories. Dunkirk, Singapore, this.
Güzel geri çekilmeyi başaramadığımız ve on binlerce kayıp verdiğimiz savaşlar var dostum. Pektabi başarıdır. Tarih bilginizi derinleştiriniz.
Brits don't have much else.
Where did you hear British historians call Dunkirk, Singapore and Gallipoli victories?
@@Rohilla313 Lol, therse's loads out there calling how the Brits refused to fight the Krauts and their little boats heroic. We bravely ran away!!!!!! :')
@@Cl0ckcl0ck
Really? Quote me one reputable, accredited British historian who called Dunkirk a military victory - just one. I’ll wait.
After the fierce battles of the Gallipoli Campaign, Mustafa Kemal was appointed as headquarter officer in Istanbul. From there he predicted possible British evacuation and urged the high command and command of the 5th army to launch surprise counter attack. Fortunately for Britain, his words fell on deaf ears.
he was merciless lol
@@erolal7856 Keşke hepsini kaçarken öldürseydik
@@turkicsayajin2274there is no mercy once war starts. Mercy is a trait you need to impose when there is peace
Excellent documentary, it is a concise explanation of the whole operation & why it failed.
Thanks for the fluent and clear explanation. Impressive!
As a Frenchman I like how the Aussies and Kiwis celebrate this event when in my country, France, we tend to forget our heroes who were sacrified because of somebody else's cock-ups. A French soldier losing his war but fighting feriously during the siege of Paris by the Prussians in 1870, or against the Turks at Galipoli in 1915, or defending the Dunkirk perimeter in 1940, or being besieged at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 is not less courageous and has not less merit that a victorious French soldier routing the Russians out of Sebastopol in 1855, repelling the Germans at the Marne river in 1914 or in Verdun in 1916, or at Bir Hakeim in 1942 etc... you get my point. Really, lot to learn from these Anzac nations.
Well Tony, it is good that you remember them. And by telling us the rest of the world hopefully remembers them as well. We thank them for their sacrifice. They followed their orders even though it meant certain death and probably many of them knew it. That takes a huge amount of courage! Viva la France!!!!
I've been to Verdun, it's sobering. The Ossuary at Douamont moved me to tears; when you climb to the top of the tower and see below you the flower of France under white crosses is very moving. I wanted to visit Notre Dame de Lorette but it was closed for renovations. Next time, because I am in love your nation and hope to buy some property there.
@Runaway Puppet And Sir John Monash exemplified your last point exceptionally well in 1918.
Who cares
@@benjamindavidovichwaals2899 If you don’t care shut it and jog on.
Both mine and my wife's kin were there. My great grandfather made it home. Her's no such luck.
My great grandfather wasn't the same. A broken man and a broken marriage followed by my broken father. I've felt this campaign with my skin.
Lest we forget. The scars carry from those brave men.
Imperial Cannon Fodder!
Sorry for your loss.
I hope you channel the anger from your loss to oppose imperialism everywhere, be it Western or Russian.
Those who shed the most tears in war are those with the clearest eyes on the subject.
As a Turkish man who lost his grand grand father in this war, good to know no heart feelings between anzacs and turks. Because you were there for someone else's war and we were there for our homeland
@@denizarasyldz6619 we all have our reasons for fighting. I don't blame any Turkish soldiers. I don't know an Australian who does.
It wasn't fail. It was glorious and rightful victory for us. It was a great lesson for you.
Just like Kut.
My maternal grandfather and his half-brother served with the Royal Welch Fusiliers and were part of the force which landed at Suvla Bay. Both survived and were shipped to Egypt, my half-uncle having been wounded. He was back home in Anglesey by Christmas. My grandfather went on with the Fusiliers to fight in Palestine. My mother told me he never spoke of his time abroad.
An excellent book that covers the wider Ottoman picture as well as Gallipoli is Ottoman Endgame by Sean McMeekin. One of the key things is that the initial Gallipoli plan was to help relieve the Russians in Eastern Anatolia. Ironically the Russians had completely recovered and were on the offensive by the time the Anglo-French operation actually began.
In Ottoman Endgame, any mention of how Ottomans were looking for an Anglo-French alliance before the war, but were told to look elsewhere or if Churchill hadn't confiscated 2 Ottoman battleships before Ottoman entry into WW1..
@@petejay1291 McMeekin covers the diplomacy in depth. Although it was always likely that the Ottomans would join the Central Powers given the extent of German influence and the hatred of Russia. Turkey wanted to recover lost Anatolian/Armenian provinces lost in the late C19th and knew that Russia wanted to take Constantinople/Istanbul.
@@ravenfeeder1892 it was more than that, the turks in the army which were influential at the time such as Enver and Talat pasha were fascinated by the German technological and industrial advances. The army was getting reformed to resemble that of Germany and many germans came to teach their army traditions. Enver is a known utopian, he thought that the german industry and army were unbeatable and that the germans were becoming the next brits. People like Enver Pasha sided with Germany whilst Atatürk was more into French military teachings and French politics. That’s why a lot of early Turkish republican policies are almost completely the same as France(he learned french to read books about the renaissance). Later on Enver failed to protect the holy city of Jerusalem and had to withdraw to the current Turkish borders whilst Mustafa Kemal was successfully protecting the dardanelles.
The soviets(lenin) gave Atatürk gold during the Turkish independence war hoping that he would establish a communist state in Anatolia, with the Soviet gold Atatürk bought the French weapons used in eastern Anatolia. The french were withdrawing and had to take all their weapons and weaponry back to France or french territories but instead Atatürk sent them a letter stating that if they leave the weapons behind that he can pay for them in gold. So it was a win win. long story short, Lenin screwed the Greeks over. Also Italians allowed the Turks to revolt in certain parts of Anatolia and Istanbul to screw over the Allies(if italy couldn’t get anything no one should).
@@bumin6451 Fist love affair of new Turkish State was Svetlana at that time definitely true 😊
04:00 '...a ship called Nusret...'
The saltmaster was effective since ww1...
Thanks for the video
Excellent presentation!
Rule 101 in the military. Never underestimate your enemy
I was on a cruise ship that sailed through the strait also sailing parallel to us was a huge Soviet Submarine on the surface , on both side of the straight could be seen large monuments, to the fallen.It was a very Somber moment.
"Gallipoli can not be passed!"
If I'm not mistaken, Churchill was the man who ordered the attack at Gallipoli. When things started to go wrong, military commanders there advised to put a stop to the ill-planned campaign. But Churchill still insisted. He's responsible for the death of tens of thousands of his fellow countrymen and allies. But he's not mentioned at the beginning. Only at the end. This drund and inept politician is also responsible for the II world war. Years before the war started he had been pushing for war against Germany. And after the disaster at Dunkirk, Hitler made several proposal for peace, which Churchill and his henchmen arrogantly rejected. So, in this case Churchill has then became responsible for the death of millions of soldiers, civilians alike, for the purpose of defending Poland. But at the end of the war, nobody cared about Poland. In fact it was given to Stalin months before the war ended. Maa Zedong is reportedly responsible for the murder of 40 million Chinese. But the war Churchill wanted and pushed caused more than 50 million dead, plus wounded, maimed, and property damage. And this real war criminal, nexto to Roosevelt, is heralded as a hero in England.
Wonderful stuff.
Not the casualties everyone took.
But the wonderful approach to military history!
great review
"If I had not been defeated in Acre against Jezzar Pasha of Turk, I would conquer all of the East. Turks can be killed, but they can never be conquered.If you give me an army of Turks, I can take the whole world hostage." (Napoleon Bonaparte)
HAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAH, lies.
Yeah , false words
@@deniztatl9992 prove ?
@@sasaradic3845 A Janissary call this a lie?
@@mr.tobacco1708 haha...very well said...i h0pe every0ne gets it..
My grandfather survived the hell on Chunak Bair with the Wellington Infantry in the New Zealand Division. I went there in 2019. I couldn't imagine how anyone did. I owe my existence to the fact he managed it.
My great grandfather was a sergeant in the 8th Light Horse Regiment at Gallipoli. He survived the whole war, but for a dose of gastro he missed the Nek, so its just luck I'm here today.
Had never realized just how long this battle had gone on, It's mention is usually so brief I probably assumed it was a few weeks or so.
A very good video with great photos - except that there was clearly more than just one reason why Gallipoli failed, and Churchill again (as with the Fall of Singapore video) is only mentioned in passing, though he appears on the thumbnail.
My great uncle Major Samuel Grant was an ANZAC at Anzac cove. When lt-col Malone refuse to lead the attack on Chunuk Bair (due to the lack of artillery support which was late arriving) Sam lead the charge for the hill. He was shot in the legs and laid in the sun for 3 days. Then evacuated to the hospital ship SS Dongola. They needed to amputate his leg. He refused anaesthetic saying give it to the boys. He was buried at sea soon after. When I had trouble during lockdown I thought how nice it would be for those soldiers to be locked down at home compared to what they endured.
My step-mothers father landed with the Manchesters the only time he talked about the war was when a Turkish shell spooked the mule with his kit on it, he was on a charge for losing his kit.
This is a very informative video and thanks for posting. I've recent read the book 36 days written by Hugh Dolan who puts a great perspective on the lead up to the campaign. His documentary called Gallipolli from above is another great watch. According to this the Aust forces dint land on the wrong beach. They had planned their own landings and had used aerial reconnaissance to math Turkish positions. According to Dolan the first Aust wasn't killed until about 0800 in the morning, at least 3 hours after the landing at ANZAC Cove.
I have a box brownie photograph, taken by my grandfather, of a ship convoy with the legend on the back: going to pound the Dardanelles. He served on HMS ACORN in this time, until it was decommissioned at Malta in 1922. We also have a lovely panoramic (60inches by 10inches) photograph, embellished with pencil drawing, of the Golden Horn, from the hillside above Galata Bridge, after the war with the British fleet at anchor. My grandfather told stories about being on standby to get the Imperial Russian Family out of Russia but we never really believed these tall tales. Until the secret decision by George V to deny his cousins sanctuary because it might threaten his own throne came out in the last 20 years; my grandfather was vindicated posthumously.
The biggest lesson is the strength of fixed fortifications, not learned a hundred years on as 500,000 lives were lost on the Surovikin Line. 😢
Winston churchill should of been jailed for this poorly planned campaign,underestimated the turks fighting ability,had the arrogance to think he could have his navy ships sail through the dardenalles passage with no problems and the ignorance to think the turks would be a pushover, winston was to blame for this calamity,him and his outdated generals.
And his misbegotten genes live on through Boris. God help us all!
Monash wasn't promoted soon enough .
@@royfearn4345 People like you say this, but how many politicians would have ever sat in a trench, even if for only 3 months? I don't think Boris would.
you serious ...jail Churchill?...jeez you Muppet , get back to Germany with you ...what a plonker!!
@@Paratus7 lol the soviets and americans where butchering the germans and japanese, not the british, they did barely a thing, they where just a island close to europe that the United States and canada could use to invade europe
I went to Gallipoli and was struck by the no. Of graves, and the haunted atmosphere was felt once I grasped how scary those days were in such tiny island
Peninsula should be the right term rather than island 👍
The best youth of Australia sent to the slaugther house, Gallipoli with Gibson was a fine film. I still stand in respectful silence when I pass by the memorial in Brisbane.
If westerners win : good strategy
If westerners lose: good retreat
Same story of Gallipoli and Vietnam.
Have some decency
Maalesef kaçarken öldüremediğimiz askerler bizi Ortadoğu da mahvetti.
Exactly!
In 1915 Gallipoli was not the only battle front for the Ottomans: Ottomans were fighting the Russian Empire on the Eastern Front and again the British on the Philistine and Baghdad fronts. Greek forces invaded Izmir in the same year (King of Greece was the father-in-law of the current British Queen at that time.) Ottomans relocated the Armenian civilians from the war areas in the Eastern Front to Syria which is recognized as the Armenian Genocide by number of countries today. "War propaganda" was invented during these years: the British Wellington House produced harrowing stories about the war to entice the US to join the WWI and it worked.
It's not a harrowing story though, but a real life event, Enver Pasha was looking for scapegoat for Ottoman military failures and decided to blame it on the Armenians because they're christian, and some of them defected to the Russians on the caucasus front, so he wanted the all the Armenians slaughtered.
Excellent accurate historical narrative and analysis including the Kiwi ANZACs penetrating the most inland and upland at Chanuk Bair - the memorial monument refers to ‘From the utmost ends of the earth’
"Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives...
You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country.
Therefore, rest in peace.
There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours...
You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears.
Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace.
After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well."
- Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK
as a turkish i believed this campaign is the only choice for allied powers..
allied powers must have put out of war ottoman empire as soon as possible..
because after serbian conquistion, convincing bulgaria would not be hard..
bulgaria wanted lands from serbia and romania losed at second balkan war.
ottoman empire gave dimetoka city back to bulgaria for this alliedship..
already at 1914 ottoman army attacked britain at suez canal and attacked russian empire at caucasia front..
if the berlin-istabul raiload would open, this time ottoman army would be serious problem..
already ottoman empire closed straits and german navy closed baltic sea and blocked terrestrial trade road to atlantic ocean with austrai-hungary empire for russian empire.. the straits should have opened as soon as possible..
but they waited until 1915 winter has passed away..why? because of russian empire.. when winter passed away, russian empire would start a massive attack at caucasian front against ottoman empire.. and it did.. at march of 1915 russian empire attacked ottoman empire and conquered all eastern cities: sivas, erzurum, erzincan, bitlis, muş,trabzon, rize, samsun, hakkari vs.. almost they reached mediterranien sea..
so allied forces did not give up with unseccesfull strait passing attempt.
they transferd this to a landing campaign beacuse ottoman army confronted a two sized battle and armenians started a big revolt..
allied forces should have kept bussy ottoman army at western front..
this was the main goal from now on..
so an insider, two outsider fronts opened against ottoman empire..
gallipoli campaign was one of the third legs..
so i find gallipoli campaign is a strategic necessitty..
and ottoamn empire fought at three fronts at the same time..
russian army stayed at eastern cities two year more until 1917 red october ..
western people may think gallipoli campaign is ridiculous but i find it is a mastermind manouvre..
go for the head..if it did not happen, hold your opponent arms for your friends..
The idea was good, but the implementation wasn't.
Yes I agree with this, that gallipollo tied down ottoman troops, of course it could have been done better but it did the basic of what it needed to do.
othomons army were fighting 20 fronts in Arabia wahhabis ,egypt , greek Britain and Russia not fair
@@messianic_scam
Wars are seldom fair. What is fair to say is that ottoman soldiers fought well. They also had the great Mustafa Kemal Attaturk,that was unfair against the allies.
@@messianic_scam where are you from? sir. Very well touched.
Amphibious operations are extremely difficult and complex operations that require specialized ships, equipment and training. It took the Allies three years in WW2 to get it right.
The Brits used coal barges at their landing with holes cut into the bow the Turks let them set up the planes of boats. Let the brits near to shore in a line.Then just line their machine guns kill most probably three or four with one bullet
The Vikings were pretty good at it.
they never attacked a settlement or fortification directly from the sea. They always disembarked and then attacked on foot or by siege.
Anyone who’s played battlefield 1 knows the cape helles and archi baba offensive are the hardest operations in the game. Absolute hell trying to get from the beach past layers of defensive trenches and a fortress on the hill over looking the beach
Sometimes I get the feeling that throughout British history, Australian and New Zealander troops have always been more competent than the English themselves lmao
Because there was a military genius named Mustafa Kemal (ATATURK) on the Turkish side.On the first day of the landing, the commander of the occupation forces Hamilton, showed his staff a hill on the beach and said, "We will have these hills in the evening," exactly 15 days later, they were able to reach those hills. Although the Battle of Gallipoli ,in which approximately 500 thousand people lost their lives, was one of the most interesting and devastating battles in world war history, it was ignored on the western side. Because after 9 months they had to withdraw in disgrace
There was no disgrace, except on the part of the Commanding Generals. The soldiers even left letters saying Goodbye to their Turkish counterparts. The Turkish army did very well but was totally uncaring of their losses in human wave attacks. There was no genius in that. Just butchery. Gallipoli has never been ignored on the Western side and remains a subject of heated debate even today. Don't let one success go to your head. Turkey still lost the war.
@@louisavondart9178 I think that he did not know the battle of Gallipoli and its details in any way. If you read the books about the Battle of Gallipoli, you will see where and how Atatürk changed the course of the war by making decisions. Please argue with historical facts, not hearsay bias. I am a historian, but my advice to you is not Turkish, read from foreign historians about the Battle of Gallipoli so that there is no doubt in your mind. Historical truth is one.It doesn't change with other words
The biggest reason for the failure in Gallipoli for the allies was that a commander named Mustafa Kemal was there. He is the one who enabled the defeat of not humanity but the disease called "war"
- English writer Alan Moorehead as says in his book Gallipoli, he explained 25 April 1915 as that young and genious Turkish commander(Mustafa Kemal) being there is historical defeat for allies.
- On the other hand, the British commander Aspinall Oglander: It is rare in the history that a division commander(MK) won a war, even a victory that would change the fate of a nation, with his actions in three different places alone.
For us Turks, it is always defined as "the place where the war is defeated". We always hope that it will be defined as such for you and for humanity. As Mustafa Kemal said to comfort the mothers of British and Australian soldiers who died after the battle of Gallipoli: "...they(englishs and anzacs) have become our sons as well."
In addition, I request you to review this video prepared with the opinion of the Turkish side about the war in Gallipoli with English subtitles. ruclips.net/video/7RrGmhcdh7I/видео.html
Baştan sona yanlış bilgi.Conkbayrında anzaklar püskürtülmedi.Çıkarma başarıya ulaştı ve ingilizler kıyıda tutunmayı başardılar.57. Alayda boş yere şehid oldu.Mustafa Kemal hem üstlerine sormadan 57. Alayın komutasını aldı hemde ingilizlerin anzak koyunda tutunmasını engelleyemedi.Ayrıca 57. Alay hakkında yazdığı eski cumhurbaşkanı Erdal İnönü tarafından çevrilen mektubu var bakmanızı tavsiye ederim.
@@_____fulbrighttarih Çıkarma başarıya ulaşsaydı Alçıtepe ve Kocaçimentepe'deki bataryalar düşman eline geçer ve boğazların yolu gemilere açılırdı keza çıkarmanın asıl amacı buydu ve ilerlemelerine mani olundu. Ayrıca Mustafa Kemal üstlerine karşı gelip inisiyatif almasaydı düşman başarıya ulaşacaktı. Çünkü sadece Mustafa Kemal Arıburnu'ndan çıkarma yapılacağını tahmin ediyordu ve tahmininde de haklı çıkmıştı. Diğer subaylardan hiç kimse bunu tahmin etmezken veya imkân vermezken sadece Mustafa Kemal bunun olacağını tahmin ediyordu ve tahmininde de haklı çıkmıştı. 57. Alay boş yere şehit olmadı ayrıca en başından Mustafa Kemal'in söylediklerine kulak verilip dinlenseydi kıyıda sadece 27. alayı barındırmak yerine doğru düzgün bir kıyı emniyeti alınır ve belki 57. alayın tamamı şehit olmazdı. Sen en iyisi tarihi 1. Sahısların ağzından dinle ondan bundan duydugun uydurma dedikodularla gaza gelmek yerine ;)
@@sezeryamak7170 ingilizlerin amacı kıyıya çıkıp tutunmaktı bu çıkarmada asgari askeri bilgiye sahip olsaydın kıyının güvene alınmadan tabyalara ilerlenemeyeceğini bilirdin ingilizler bunu başardılar atan ingilizlerin kıyıya çıkmasını engelleyemedi 57. Alayıda komutanının bile haberi olmadan cepheye götürdü.
Ayrıca bu ilk yenilgisi değil 1. balkan savaşında bolayırda yenilip edirnenin düşmesine sebep olan ordunun komutanlarındandı yine nablustada ingilizlere karşı yenildi 7. Ordunun 40 bin askerinden 900 kişi şama varabildi.
Yine trablusgarptada italyanlara karşı 6 ay başarılı bir direniş verilirken ittihatçılar bölgeye gittikten birkaç hafta sonra cephe çöktü
@@_____fulbrighttarih
Askeri doktrinler hakkında çok üst düzey bir bilgin varmış(!) :D :D he bir de Çanakkale savaşının amacı hakkında . Askeri olarak kıyıya çıkarma yapmanın amacı kıyıda tutunmak amaçlı değildir. Kıyıda açık hedef olursun ve zaiyatın tavan yapar. Amaç bir an önce kıyılardan iç kesimlere doğru ilerlemektir. Sen anlamazsın tekrar söylüyırum : Kıyıda askerini düşman ateşinden koruma sağlayacak imkanlar hiç yoktur. Bu durum senin zaiyatını tavan yaptırır.
Gelelim 25 nisan Arıburnuna :
Çanakkale Savaşın’da ise 25 Nisan’da senin bahsettiğin çıkartmanın amacı, tekrar ediyorum, kıyıya yakın topçu bataryalarını bir an önce ele geçirerek boğazları gemilere açmaktır. Kıyıya yakın topçu bataryalar ise Alçıtepe’dedir. Kocaçimen tepesi ise en hakim tepe olduğundan öbür bataryaları susturacak ve boğazlara hakim olacak konumdadır. Kıyılardan bir an önce buraya erişerek ele geçirmek asıl amaçtır bu savaşta. Neden ? Çünkü filo İngiliz hükümetinin o sıralar baskısı altında ve söz verdikleri gibi 2 hafta içerisinde İstanbul’a ulaşmanın derdinde olduklarından ve zaten Osmanlı askerinin Mısır-Yemen cephelerindeki zavallı durumunu bildiğinden Gelibolu’ya yapacağı askeri çıkarmanın hemen sonuç alacağından emindiler o yüzden de kıyıda öyle beklemenin mantığının olmadığını muhakeme edebilseydin bir kez daha anlardın.
Baktın Çanakkale savaşıyla Mustafa Kemal’i karalayamayacaksın öbür savaşlara değinmek istedin ama ben onlar hakkında da sana cevap vereyim :
Balkan savaşında Mustafa Kemal yoktu bir kere 😊 en yetkili olduğu makam bulgaristanda istihbarat raporu toplamaydı.😊
Öncelike 7. Orduda 40 bin kişilik kuvvet yok. Nablus’ta ise Mustafa Kemal o esnada Cephe 8., 4. Ve 7. Ordulardan oluşan Osmanlı birliklerinden oluşmaktaydı ve sayısı toplamda 40 bin idi. Yarattığın algının…Hem Mustafa Kemal 7. Ordu’nun başındaydı ve Filistin’de tutunamayacağını ön görmüş ve bu öngörüsünde de her zaman olduğu gibi haklı çıkmış ve geri çekilme kararı almıştır. Ağır zaiyatlarına rağmen isyancı Araplara ve İngilizlere karşı Halep’in kuzeyinde kurduğu savunma hattı başarılı olmuş ve Anadolu’ya girmelerine mani olmuştur. Ayrıca Mustafa Kemal bu cephenin açılmasına her zaman karşı olmuştur. Çünkü yenilginin kaçınılmaz olduğunu biliyordu. Fakat gelelim senin Mustafa Kemal’e kudurmuş gibi saldırmanda ne kadar haklı olduğuna : Muharebeleri harita başında gözlemleseydin 8. Ordunun birkaç saatte yarılması sonucu Emir Faysal’ın güneyden geldiğini gören Liman Von Sanders iki ateş arasında kalmamak için orduları geri çekmeye başlar. Çekilme sırasında hava kuvvetleri tarafından 7. Ve 4. Ordu bombalanır ve ağır zaiyatlar burada verilir. Yıldırım orduları artık sadece 7. Ordudan ibaret olur fakat Mondrosu imzalayıp Anadoluyu işgale açan padişah yüzünden Yıldırım Orduları da lağvedilir.
Ayrıca sen tarihi ondan bundan dedikodulardan ibaret sanırsın ama ben sana tarihi bir belge olan Mustafa Kemal’in doktoruna yazdığı mektupta Nablus’taki 7. Ordunun başına atandığında Osmanlı’nın içler acısı durumunu gözlemlediği şu yazıyı bir oku :
".... nablus'a geldim. suriye'yi baştan başa bir daha etüde ettim, muharebe hatlarını baştan başa gezdim. suriye umumiyetle şayan-ı merhamet bir hale gelmiştir. vali yok, kumandan yok, ingiliz propagandası çok, ingiliz teşkilat-ı hafiyesi her tarafta faaliyette, ahali hükümetten nefret ediyor. bir an evvel ingilizlerin gelmesini bekliyor. düşman kıtaatça vesaitçe kuvvetli, biz onun karşında pamuk ipliği.".
Trablusta ise ittihatçılar başı çekmekteydi evet fakat Derne muharebesinde Çanakkale ve Yemen'de olduğu gibi Araplar gene bizi sırtımızdan vuracak ve İtalyan saflarına katılacaklardı. Balkan muharebeleri başlayınca Trablus boşaltılmak zorunda kaldı İstanbul tarafından. İttihatçılar bu savaşı sonuna kadar sürdürebilirdi. Tarih hakkında yalan yanlış dedikodular ile gaza gelmeyi bırakmalısın
@@_____fulbrighttarih hiçbir halt bilmiyorsun
The failure of the landings led Churchill to realize any similar landing required the rapid landing of tanks and guns to allow a breakout from the shore. So during WW2 Churchill sketched out a vessel which could carry maybe 30 tanks and could unload them directly onto a suitable beach. Despite some US opposition (they could not see the point) this became the 'Landing Ship Tank' or LST. It became one of the key components of landings including Normandy. Due to the size of the ship it could not take part in the initial landings, smaller craft such as 'Landing Craft Tank', LCT's would land typically three tanks or similar onto the beach. LST's could transport loads including railway engines and rolling stock. Basically a roll-on-roll-off ferry, and many were used in that role after the war.
Gonna watch later!
We lost our grandfather at Gallipoli
His friends said the last time they saw him, he was clambering his way over the trenches
We later found him in the local Pide' bar enjoying a bottle of Efes, just in time to catch the flight home
So he is the son of the soldier that you really lost isnt it @Bryan Mower
Respect from Turkey
LMAO